柴油发电机自动化控制系统的特点

柴油发电机自动化控制系统特点
1.柴油发电机组自动化控制系统特点
（1）保持供电连续性和可靠性。

自动化控制系统能正确而快速地调整柴油发电机组运行。

当发电机组出现不正常情况时, 自动化控制系统能正常判定和立刻处理, 发出对应报警信号和紧急停机, 避免损坏发电机组。

同时, 还能自动起动备用发电机组, 缩短电网断电时间, 确保供电连续性。

（2）提升电能质量指标和运行经济性, 并使各用电设备处于良好工作状态。

用电设备对电能频率和电压都有较高要求, 许可偏差范围都是很小。

自动调压器可使电压保持恒定, 操纵调速器来调整频率。

自动化柴油电站依靠自动调整装置完成频率和有用功率调整。

（3）加紧控制和操作过程, 提升系统连续性和稳定性。

实现柴油电站自动化后, 能立刻改变运行工作情况以及适应系统要求, 机组操作过程按预定次序不间断进行, 并可不停监视器完成情况。

以应急开启发电机组为例, 假如采取人工操作, 最快也要5-7分钟, 采取自动控制话, 通常不到10秒就能开启成功, 恢复供电。

（4）降低操作能源, 改善劳动条件。

机房运行时环境条件相当恶劣, 影响操作人员健康。

自动控制系统为无人值班发明了条件。

2、柴油发电机组自动化控制系统组成
柴油发电机组自动化控制系统由程序控制、模拟控制和运行管理控制三部分组成。

（1）程序控制。

它是按事先设计好操作次序实现控制。

控制信号只起离散作用, 参数是开关量。

控制信号形式, 通常取自于多个操作逻辑运算结果。

比如机组起动和停机等, 就属于程序控制。

（2）模拟控制。

经过测量设备运行参数实际值, 与设定值相比较, 依据其偏差, 调整设备对应物理量来实现控制和调整。

这种控制信号是连续起作用, 参数通常是模拟量, 她也能够经过定时采样方法转换成时间离散量, 但不管其偏差有多大, 都应紧跟设定值连续调整。

比如频率和电压等调整, 就属于模拟控制。

（3）运行管理控制。

根据人工设定多种运行工作情况要求和负载实际需要, 根据次序调用多种自动装置或对应程序, 对柴油发电机组进行操作, 达成安全控制和经济运行目。

这就称为运行管理控制。

柴油机故障原因及排除方法
公布时间: -5-17 9:27:43
柴油机故障原因及排除方法
柴油机运行过程中, 因部分机件损坏, 或使用操作不妥, 使其工作受阻, 丧失了正常工作能力, 甚至不能继续工
作。

这种影响柴油机正常工作现象, 通常称作故障。

柴油机发生故障后, 往往会出现以下多个现象:
（1）声音异常: 如出现不正常敲击声、放炮声、吹嘘声等。

（2）动作异常: 如出柴油机起动困难, 拖不动负荷, 工作时发生强烈振动等。

（3）外观异常: 如柴油机排气展现冒黑烟、蓝烟或白烟, 有漏油、漏水、漏气现象。

（4）温度异常: 如机油和冷却水温度过高, 排气温度过高, 轴承过热等。

（5）压力异常: 如机油压力过低等。

（6）气味异常: 如出现有臭味、焦味或烟味等不正常气味。

当柴油机发生故障时, 应依据故障现象和柴油机使用情况, 认真分析和判定故障原因, 并采取有效方法, 立刻排除故障, 确保柴油机运行安全。

故障分析及排除工作应遵照以下标准:
（1）发觉故障后应首先思索下列问题:
①故障发生前出现过哪些异常现像？
②在这之前曾进行过哪些维修、保养工作？
③过去是否出现过类似现象？怎样进行处理？
（2）假如出现故障不会引发事故, 危及设备和人身安全, 应让其继续运转一段时间, 方便于观察分析故障原因。

（3）故障原因分析标准: 可参考《柴油机故障原因分析表》及本章所列常见故障原因及排除方法, 查出引发故障原因。

分析判定过程中应按“先简后繁, 先易后难”标准, 依次检验各相关部位, 查明故障确切原因。

并立刻排除。

（4）找出并消除诱发故障基础原因: 在故障分析及排除过程中。

应同时找出诱发故障基础原因, 以免修复后又会反复出现一样故障。

如喷油器喷油嘴粘结, 造成柴油机功率不足, 通常换掉失效偶件, 柴油机即可恢复正常工作。

不过, 造成喷油嘴粘结基础原因很多, 如喷油器调整不妥, 燃油中混有杂质, 长时间怠速运转造成燃油燃烧不良而产生结炭等, 如不查明这些原因, 并采取方法, 就难以从根本上消除事故隐患。

通常在分析故障时, 往往会碰到一个故障会造成多个异常现象; 也可能由多个故障所造成。

用户必需依据现场实践经验, 认真进行判定。

故障原因十分复杂, 用户应在实践中不停积累经验, 方便愈加好地处理现场所发觉问题。

Diesel generator automatic control system is characterized by
A diesel generator sets, automatic control system is characterized by
(1) to maintain the continuity and reliability of supply. Automatic control system can accurately and quickly adjust the operation of the diesel generator set. Abnormal situation when the generator set, automatic control system to judge properly and timely processing, send the appropriate alarm signal and the emergency stop to avoid damage to the generator set. The same time, can automatically start the standby generator set, to reduce the power grid, to ensure continuity of supply.
(2) to improve power quality indicators and run the economy and all electrical equipment in good working condition. Electrical equipment have a high frequency and voltage of the electricity requirements, the allowable range of deviation is small. Automatic voltage regulator allows the voltage to maintain constant manipulation of the governor to regulate the frequency. The automated diesel power plants rely on automatic adjustment of the device to complete the frequency and usefulness of power regulation.
(3) speed up the process of control and operation, improve the continuity and stability of the system. Automate diesel power plant to change the run working conditions and meet the system requirements, uninterrupted unit operation process according to the predetermined order, and may continue to monitor completion. Emergency start generating units, for example, if we adopt the manual, will take at least 5-7 minutes to take automatic control, typically less than 10 seconds to start the restoration of electricity.
(4) reduce the operating energy, improve working conditions. Environmental conditions in the engine room run-time is quite poor, affecting the health of operating personnel. Create the conditions for the automatic control system for unattended.
2, the composition of the automated control system of diesel generator sets
The automated control system of diesel generator sets from part of the process control, analog control and operation of management control.
(1) process control. It is the control of pre-designed sequence of operations. Control signals only from the discrete parameter is a switch. In the form of the control signal, usually derived from the results of several operating logic of computing. The units start and stop, etc., belong to the program control.
(2) analog control. By measuring the actual value of the equipment operating parameters and settings compared
according to their bias, conditioning to achieve the control and regulation of the corresponding physical quantity. This control signal is a continuous function, the parameters are usually analog, through regular sampling of the way, he can also be converted into a discrete time, but regardless of the deviation, should be followed by continuous adjustment of settings. Such as frequency and voltage regulation, it belongs to the analog control.
(3) operation and management control. In accordance with the actual needs of the artificial setting of a variety of operating requirements of the working conditions and load, in order to call a variety of automated device or program to operate on diesel generator sets to achieve the purpose of security control and economic operation. This is called the operation and management control.
Diesel Engine Failure and Troubleshooting
Publish time :-5-17 9:27:43
Diesel Engine Failure and Troubleshooting
In the diesel engine is running, because of some mechanical damage or improper operation, make it work disruption, loss of normal ability to work, can not even continue to work. This affect the normal working of diesel phenomenon often referred to as a failure.
Diesel engine failure, often the following phenomena:
Exception: (1) sound such as unusual percussion, put guns to boast sound.
Exception: (2) action such as a diesel engine difficult to start, and not drag the load and strong vibration in the work. (3) the appearance of an exception: such as diesel exhaust showing black smoke, blue smoke or white smoke, there are oil spills, air and water leakage phenomenon.
(4) temperature anomaly: such as oil and cooling water temperature is too high, the exhaust temperature is too high, such as bearing overheating.
(5) abnormal pressure: such as oil pressure is too low.
(6) odor exception: If there is a smell, burning smell or smoke, abnormal smell.
When the diesel engine failure, the failure phenomenon and diesel should be based on usage, careful analysis and to determine the cause of the malfunction, and to take effective measures, timely troubleshooting, and ensure the safety of diesel engine running.
Failure analysis and troubleshooting work should follow the following principles:
(1) found that failure should first consider the following questions:
①failure which abnormal phenomenon?
②before this, which repairs and maintenance work?
③whether there is a similar phenomenon? How to deal with it?
(2) If the failure does not cause the accident, endangering the equipment and personal safety, should be allowed to continue operating for some time, in order to observe and analyze the cause of the malfunction.
(3) Failure Analysis principle: You can refer to the Diesel Engine Failure Analysis Form "and the common cause of failure and exclusion listed in this chapter to find out the cause of the failure. Analysis of the judgmental process in accordance with by simple and complex, the easier issues first "principle, in order to check the relevant parts, to identify the exact cause of failure. Immediately removed.
(4) to identify and eliminate the basic factors of the induced failure: failure analysis and troubleshooting process. Should also identify the underlying factors of the induced failure in order to avoid the repair and then repeated the same fault. Such as fuel injector nozzle bonding, resulting in a lack of diesel power, usually to replace the failure even, diesel engines can resume normal work. However, many of the basic factors to cause the nozzle bonding, such as improper injector adjustment, fuel mixed with impurities, long idle cause poor fuel combustion produce coking, such as the identification of these reasons, and to take measures difficult to fundamentally eliminate potential accidents.
Usually in the analysis of failure, often encounter a failure will lead to a variety of anomalies; may also be caused by a variety of fault. The user must be based on-site practical experience serious judgment.
The cause of the failure is very complex, users should continue to accumulate experience in practice in order to better deal with the scene found the problem.。