不定式专项练习及改错

高一能力提升练习题
一．不定式专项练习
1. I´ve heard him ____about you often.A. speak B. speaks C. spoke D. speaking
2. I went to see him, ____him out.A. finding B. find C. only to find D. to finding
3. He didn´t know _______or stay.
A. to leave
B. if that he should leave
C. if to leave
D. whether to leave
4. ---Will the Smiths go abroad this summer? ---No, they finally decided _______ .
A. to
B. not going
C. not to
D. not to be going
5. ---I usually go there by train. ---Why not by boat for a change.
A. to try going
B. trying to go
C. to try and go
D. try going
6. He pretended __nothing about it.
A. know
B. to know
C. knowing
D. knew
7. Little Jim should love _______ to the theatre this evening.
A. to be taken
B. to take
C. being taken
D. taking
8. They would not allow him _______ across the enemy line.
A. to risk going
B. risking to going
C. for risk to go
D. risk going
9. There are so many kinds of tape-recorders on sale that I can´t make up my mind _______ to buy.
A. what
B. which
C. how
D. where
10. Charles Babbage is generally considered _______ the first computer.
A. to invent
B. inventing
C. to have invented
D. having invented
11. The missing boys were last seen _______ near the river.
A. playing
B. to be playing
C. play
D. to play
12. The patient was warned _______ oily food after the operation.
A. to eat not
B. eating not
C. not to eat
D. not eating
13. I regret _______ you that we are unable to offer you employment.
A. informing
B. having informed
C. to inform
D. to informing
14. You had better get a doctor _______ your bad tooth.
A. pull out
B. to pull out
C. pulled out
D. pulling out
15. The matter had better _______ as it is.
A. leave
B. being left
C. leaving
D. be left
16.He was so foolish _______ his car unlocked.
A. to leave
B. that leave
C. as to leave
D. for him to leave
17. Almost everyone fails _______ the driving test on the first try.
A. passing
B. to have passed
C. to pass
D. in passing
18. The girl was made _______ she didn´t love at all.
A. marry a man
B. to marry a man
C. to marry with a man
D. married with a man
19. The man will use what he has _______ a camera for his wife.
A. to get
B. got
C. buy D bought
20. To answer correctly is more important than _______ .
A. a quick finish
B. to finish quickly
C. finishing quickly
D. you finish quick
21. Tom kept quiet about the accident _______ lose his job.
A. so as not to
B. so not as to
C. so as to not
D. not so as to
22. I felt it an honor _______ to speak here.
A. to ask
B. asking
C. to be asked
D. having asked
23. ---I´d like to buy an expensive camera.
---Well, we have several models _______ .
A. to choose from
B. to choose
C. to be chosen
D. for choice
24. _______ to the left and you´ll see the post office.
A. To turn
B. Turning
C. Turned
D. Turn
25. Will you be able to attend the lecture next week?
A. giving
B. given
C. to be given
D. being given 二．句子改错
1. I don´t know if to help him or not.
2. She can´t help cleaning the house because she´s busy making a cake.
3. We all hope you to make rapid progress.
4. The results of the research are to publish soon.
5. It is too heavy for me to lift it.
6. It´s awfully good for you to come and meet us.
7. These are very good books for your children to be read.
8. He did what he could help me with my physics. 9. Let´s find a place to put the things.
10. It would be easier to climb over the mountain than going round the valley.
三．动词不定式常见句型归纳
1. be+to do表示\"将要做......\"
He is very happy to be a student in the university. 将要成为大学生，他感到非常高兴。

2. have (has) + to do表示\"不得不做......\"
It is late now. He has to go home. 天晚了，他不得不回家去。

I have to stop my car and wait for the policeman. 我不得不停车等那个警察。

3. there be ... + to do表示\"有......要做\"
There is nothing important to do today. 今天没有什么重要的事要做。

There are lots of letters to post now. 现在有许多信要寄。

4. be about+to do表示\"正要做......\"
She was just about to leave when someone called her. 正要离开，忽然有人给她打电话。

Hurry up!The match is about to begin. 快点，比赛就要开始了。

5. only+to do表示\"却......\"
She went home in a hurry only to find that nothing happened there. 她匆忙回家，却发现那儿什么事都没有发生。

He lifted a stone only to drop it on his own feet. 他搬起了石头却砸了自己的脚。

6. so as(not)+to do表示\"为了（不）......\"
She worked hard so as to be a college student. 为了上大学，她努力学习。

He went to work early so as not to be late. 为了不迟到，他很早就去上班了。

7. enough+to do表示\"十分......，足够......\"
The girl isn\'t old enough to go to school. 这个女孩还不到上学的年龄。

8. It is (was)+形容词+ of(for)sb. + to do ... 表示\"（某人）做某事很......\"。

I t is wise of you to do so. 你这样做很明智。

It's very hard for you to get there on foot. 对你来说，步行到那儿是非常艰难的
四．With复合结构与独立主格结构
with复合结构与独立主格结构是英语中常见的两种结构形式。

从某种意义上说，它们可以算作是非谓语动词用法的延伸。

它们都可以在句中作原因状语、伴随状况状语、条件状语、时间状语或结果状语用，一般也可以相互转换。

虽然它们的语法功能和意义相同，但其结构形式和名称却不相同。

抓住这一点，就可以把二者融会贯通，从而在阅读中减少不必要的理解障碍。

with复合结构的模式是：with+名词/代词（作逻辑主语）+分词/形容词/副词/不定式/介词短语（作逻辑谓语）独立主格结构的模式是：主格名词/代词（作逻辑主语）+分词/形容词/副词/不定式/介词短语（作逻辑谓语）请看下例：
（一）、作时间状语
1、With winter coming on, the trees turn yellow and some birds fly south.
=Winter coming on, the trees turn yellow and some birds fly south.
2、With our work having been finished well, we went out for a holiday.
=Our work having been finished well, we went out for a holiday.
3、With the traffic light green, the bus got moving. =The traffic light green, the bus got moving.
4、With the wedding dinner party(being) over, we left the hotel.
=The wedding dinner party(being) over, we left the hotel.
（二）、作原因状语
5、With it being Sunday, the library was closed. =It being Sunday, the library was closed.
6、With the weather terribly cold, we entered the room to warm ourselves.
=The weather terribly cold, we entered the room to warm ourselves.
7、With us to care for the children you are able to be carefree away from home.
=We to care for the children, you are able to be carefree away from home.（注意此处的we 不得改成us，用了us便不是独立主格结构了。

）
8、With the key having been lost, she could not enter the room.
=The key having been lost, she could not enter the room.
（三）、作条件状语
1、With time permitting（许可）,we’ll visit the Summer Palace.
=Time permitting, we’ll visit the Summer Palace.
2、With the car going wrong, we’ll have to stop at the foot of the mountain.
=The car going wrong, we’ll have to s top at the foot of the mountain.
（四）、作伴随状况状语
1、The mother was cleaning the house with her baby playing on the bed.
=The mother was cleaning the house, her baby playing on the bed.
2、He wore a shirt with the neck open. =He wore a shirt, the neck open.
3、Last night I followed him, and climbed in, with a sword in my hand.
=Last night I followed him and climbed in, sword in hand.
4、He sat there thinking, with his head on his hand. =He sat there thinking, head on hand.
注意：若with复合结构在句中作伴随状况状语，且结构模式又是“with+名词+介词短语”，那么with复合结构转换成独立主格结构时，介词前后的两个名词就应该用单数形式且不带包括冠词在内的任何限定词。

上述句3、句4便是例证。

无论with复合结构还是独立主格结构，都不可有动词的谓语形式充当其中的逻辑谓语。

He sat at the desk reading with a pen in his right hand.
例如：
Time permitting; we will visit the Yellow Mountain.=If time permits we will visit the Yellow Mountain.
It being Sunday, people got up late that day.=As it was Sunday people got up late that day.
The meeting over, we all went home.=When the meeting was over we all went home.
with复合结构可以作后置定语修饰名词，而独立主格结构则不可作后置定语修饰名词。

例如：
Soon she arrived at a park with grass green and flowers in blossom.
=Soon she arrived at a park whose grass was green and whose flowers were in blossom.
有趣的是，这两种结构可以结合起来合适，并表现出独立主格的特色来。

例如：
In the park, the tourists are enjoying different kinds of trees, some with a single branch growing as high as 15 meters.（游客们在公园里观赏各种树木，有些树的单枝就高达15米。

）
句中“some+with…”是独立主格结构，而with后面又带有自己的复合结构。

The boys are playing with snow, each with a face red with cold.(孩子们在打雪仗，个个脸蛋都冻得通红。

)在句中，“each+with…”是独立主格结构，而with后面又带有自己的复合结构。

切记，后面能带复合结构的介词只有with, without和like。

这样用的without和like可见于下例中：
The man who saved the money died without anyone knowing where the coins were hidden.
An animal having black stripes (斑纹) like the Chinese character“王”shown on the forehead (前额) must be tiger. The pine tree still stood there like an umbrella covering the entrance to the valley.。