中考英语总复习 第一部分 教材知识梳理篇 八下 Units 12(精讲)试题

八年级(下) Units 1—2
,中考基础知识梳理
续表
,贵阳中考重难点突破
give up的用法【教材P7】
【满分点拨】
(1)give up是动副短语，后接代词作宾语时，必须放在两词中间；后接名词作宾语时，可放在两词之间或之后。

如：
Although English is very difficult，I don't want to give it up.虽然英语很难，但是我还是不想放弃。

(2)give up后接动词时需用动词的­ing形式，相当于stop doing sth.。

【归纳拓展】
give的相关短语
【考点抢测】
( A )1.When you don't know a word，you can ____ in the dictionary.
A．look it up B．give it up
C．give up it
( C )2.He failed to break the world record for long jump many times，but he never ____ his hope.
A．took off B．put away
C．gave up
( A )3.It was a difficult time for the quake­hit victims in Ya'an，but they didn't ____ hope.
A．give up B．give off
C．give in
cheer up的用法【教材P9】
【满分点拨】
(1)cheer up可以单独使用，表示“变得更高兴，振奋起来”。

如：
Oh，come on—cheer up! 噢，加油，振奋起来吧！
(2)cheer sb.up意为“使某人高兴起来”，相当于make sb.happy。

如果宾语是名词或词组，可放在cheer
up的中间或后面，若是代词作宾语，则只能放在cheer up的中间。

如：
Please give Mary a call，and it can cheer her up.给玛丽打个电话吧，这样能让她高兴起来。

(3)cheerful 做形容词，表示“快乐的，高兴的，愉快的”。

如：
He felt cheerful today.今天他感到很高兴。

【一言辨异】
When you cheer__up(用法1) or when something cheers__you__up(用法2)，you stop feeling depressed and become more cheerful(用法3)．
【归纳拓展】
本单元中up短语
【考点抢测】
( A )4.—It's everyone's duty to live a low­carbon life(低碳生活)．
—I can't agree with you more.We should ____ a hobby like riding the sharing bicycles(共享单车)．
A．take up B．make up
C．set up
( C )5.—Are you hungry，David？Why have you ordered so much food?
—Yes.We need to ____ all the food that we have ordered.
A．get up B．show up
C．eat up
trouble的用法【教材P3】
【满分点拨】
【归纳拓展】
trouble作动词，意为“打扰；使烦恼”，常用搭配为：
trouble sb.to do sth.麻烦某人做某事
be sorry to trouble sb.很抱歉打扰某人
【一言辨异】
Don't trouble the trouble till the trouble troubles you.
麻烦没找你，你别找麻烦。

【考点抢测】
6．你是一个很善良的人，能帮助那些在困境中的人们。

It is very kind of you to help the people who are __in__trouble__．
7．Now，we have some trouble __raising__(raise)enough money for rebuilding their home after the earthquake.
辨析rise和raise 【教材P12】
【满分点拨】
两个词都有“举起、提高、升起”之意，但其用法不尽相同。

【图解助记】
【考点抢测】
raise，rise
8．The price of the houses in China __has__risen__ in recent years. 9．The sea level __rises__ because of the global warming.
10．The teacher __raised__ her voice to let herself heard by students.
辨析difficult，difficultly与difficulty 【教材P14】
【满分点拨】
【考点抢测】
( A )11.We find it ____ to find a proper job for the university graduates(毕业生)．
A．difficult B．difficulty
C．different
12．There are a lot of people who have many __difficulties__(difficulty) in learning English.
—What's the matter？—怎么了？
—I have a stomachache.—我胃痛。

【教材P1】
【满分点拨】
(1)What's the matter？意为“怎么了？”常用来询问身体有什么不适或有什么不顺心的事，也可以用来询问某物出了什么故障，后面可接with sb./sth.，表示“某人或某物怎么了？”。

(2)由­ache构成的复合名词(表示身体某个部位疼痛)
表达身体部位疼痛的表达方式
(3)“have＋a＋身体部位名词接后缀­ache”型短语
【归纳拓展】
【考点抢测】
( C )13.—You didn't eat anything just now.____？
—I didn't pass my English test.I'm sad now.
A．What's matter
B．What's the wrong
C．What's the matter with you
Should I take my temperature？我应该量一下体温吗？【教材P2】
【满分点拨】
(1)should作情态动词，有实际的词义，但它不可单独作谓语，须与动词原形连用，没有人称和数的变化。

如：
You should work harder.你应该更努力地工作。

(2)常用句型：You should/shouldn't do sth.“你(不)应该做某事”。

【考点抢测】
( B )14.You are in the hospital now.So you ____ know loud speaking is not allowed here.
A．can B．must C．need
Yeah，I think I sat in the same way for too long without moving.是的，我想我以相同的姿势一动不动地坐着太长时间了。

【教材P2】
【满分点拨】
without “没有，无”为介词，其反义词为 with。

with 不等同于“have”，have 表示一种所属关系，而with 则表达一种伴随状态、条件或假设状况。

对比： Don't touch my book without my permission.(介词，做状语；表条件)
I entered the classroom with my book.(介词，做状语；表达伴随)
I have an interesting book so that I can't wait to read it.(动词，做谓语；表达所属关系，)
【考点抢测】
15．He left angrily without __saying__(say) anything.
At 9：00 a．m.yesterday，bus No.26 was going along Zhonghua Road when the driver saw an old man lying on the side of the road.昨天上午九点，26路公交车正沿着中华路行驶，就在这时司机看到路边躺着一个老人。

【教材P3】
【满分点拨】
英语中感官动词：see，watch，notice，hear，feel 等后能接三种形式的宾语补足语，但是会有区别。

以see为例：
see sb.do sth.“看见某人做了某事的全过程或发生过了”
see sb.doing sth.“看见某人正在做某事”(看到了事情正在发生)。

如：
I saw some students smoke in the toilet.我看见有些学生在厕所里吸烟。

I saw some students smoking when I went into the toilet.当我走进厕所的时候，我看见有些学生正在吸烟。

【考点抢测】
16．Did you see a boy __playing__(play) under the tree just now?
,随堂知识巩固
1.(2017安顺中考)He left without __saying__(say) a word.
2．(2015贵阳中考)My teachers always encourage us __to__study__(study) hard on different subjects.
( C )3.(2017天津中考)We only planned ____ the play for an hour，but in the end，we stayed for three hours.
A．watch B．watches C．to watch
( B )4.(2017南充中考)—Mario，your mobile phone is ringing.
—Wait a minute.It's dangerous for us ____ it while crossing the street.
A．answering B．to answer C．answer
( A )5.(江苏中考)Our teacher often advises us ____ the habit of making notes while reading.
A．to develop B．develop
C．to developing
( C )6.(重庆中考)—Must we finish the work today?
—____．We have something else to do tomorrow.
A．Yes，we can. B．No，we can't.
C．Yes，we must.
( C )7.(乌鲁木齐中考)—What would you like to do to relax yourself?
—I prefer ____ basketball rather than____ magazines.
A．to play；to read B．play；read
C．to play；read
( C )8.(兰州中考)—Are you going swimming this afternoon?
—I'd rather ____ with you.
A．to go shopping B．go shoping
C．go shopping
( A )9.(河南中考)The boss asked Tim to go and ____ out if there was anyone else absent.
A．find B．finding C．to find
( C )10.(2015贵阳中考)When Bob is upset or tired，he prefers comedies that can ____．
A．look up B．clean them up
C．cheer him up
( B )11.(2015贵阳中考)Bob hurt ____ in the basketball match at school yesterday afternoon.
A．myself B．himself C．herself
( A )12.(安顺中考改编)Dick ____ in America，but he has been ____ Chinese food since he moved to China.
A．used to live；used to eating
B．is used to live；used to eat
C．is used to live；used to eating
( A )13.(黔东南中考)—Can you make ____ understood in English?
—Yes，I can.
A．yourself B．you C．yours
( C )14.(安顺中考改编)—He ____ be in the classroom，I think.
—No，he ____ be in the classroom.I saw him go home a minute ago.
A．can；may not B．may；mustn't
C．may；can't
( C )15.(2014贵阳中考)The little kid is just two years old.He's too young to take care of ____．
A．his B．him C．himself
( A )16.(2013贵阳中考)Many teenagers have hobbies，sometimes these hobbies can ____ the way of school work.
A．get in B．get up C．get on
( B )17.(2016贵阳中考)Anna likes to go to the zoo and watches the monkeys____around on weekends.
A．climbed B．climbing C．to climb
,高频话题写作指导
志愿者活动
◆话题解读
“志愿者活动”属于《中学英语课程标准》——“社会行为”话题，这是以“学生参与社会活动”为主题的书面表达。

此类型话题可能涉及到的内容有：看望孤寡老人；社会劳动服务等等一系列的活动。

从命题角度上来看：学生可写的内容丰富，可以是某次社会活动的计划，也可以是回顾活动内容撰写的日记，活动倡议书等等。

这类型的写作能很好地考查学生对校园外、学习外的社会行为的认知和看法。

通过此类型文章的书写，激发学生参与社会活动的积极性，激发学生热情向上的内在品质。

从作文类型上来看：属于记叙文类型的书面表达。

可以以日记、倡议书，书信，新闻报道，征文等多种形式呈现。

从作文内容上来看：社会活动的内容是丰富的，可以是学雷锋活动，植树活动，帮助孤寡老人，志愿者活动。

通过叙述或计划这些社会活动让学生从活动中悟出人生的一些哲理，引发情感和思想，从而使主题得以升华。

◆核心词汇和句型
1．词汇
volunteer 志愿者
poster 海报
develop work ability 培养工作能力
work as a guide 当向导
offer a chance 提供一个机会
activity 活动
introduce history介绍历史
take part in 参加
meaningful 有意义的
a sense of responsibility 责任感
play a role of 扮演什么的角色/作用
pass on 传递
be responsible for 对……负责
the value of ……的价值
do some voluntary work 做一些志愿者工作
2．句型
They made meaningful poster to help people know Guizhou Culture better.他们制作了意义丰富的海报，来帮助人们更好的了解贵州文化。

It offered us students a good experience to develop abilities as well as open our mind.它给我们学生提供了一次培养能力，开阔视野的经历。

Holding such an activity is useful and helpful.组织这样的活动是有用的。

It is a good chance for us to develop not only a sense of responsibility but also our work ability.它不仅是一个培养我们责任感的好机会，也是培养我们工作能力的机会。

Although we were tired，we felt very happy because we did a meaningful thing.尽管很累，我们还是很开心，因为我们做了很有意义的事情。

It's an honor for me to become a volunteer and work hard for this great event.能成为一名志愿者并为之努力奋斗是我的荣幸。

◆短文框架
第一层：引出话题＋做志愿者活动的目的。

第二层：活动内容。

第三层：活动的意义，你的感想/希望。

◆典例剖析
(广州中考)五四青年节那天，你参加了学校组织的志愿者活动。

你的英语老师要求你写一则英文日记。

包括以下要点：
1.时间：2016年5月4日；
2．地点：广东博物馆；
3．内容：七年级学生：当导游，带参观者到不同的展馆；八年级学生：表演短剧，介绍广州历史；九年级学生：制作海报，帮助人们了解岭南文化；
4．意义(活动对你个人和社会的意义)。

注意：
1．参考词汇：展馆(display room)，海报(poster)；
2.词数80左右(日记的开头已经给出，不计入词数)；
3．不得透露学校、姓名等任何个人信息，否则不予评分；
4.信中不能出现与本人相关的信息。

Wednesday，May 4th，2016
Dear Diary，
I went to the Guangdong Museum with my schoolmates to do some voluntary work today.________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
【审题指导】细读所给的文字提示，可以提取以下信息：
1．本篇作文为记叙文，格式为日记。

内容要点：七年级学生：当导游，带参观者到不同的展馆；八年级学生：表演短剧，介绍广州历史；九年级学生：制作海报，帮助人们了解岭南文化，这几点一定不能漏写；
2．日记的主体时态为一般过去时；表达观点的时候可以用到一般现在时态；使用到第一人称。

【范文】
Wednesday, May 4th，2016
Dear Diary，
I went to the Guangdong Museum with my schoolmates to do some voluntary work today.Now，let me tell you something about the activity.
Students from three grades took part in it and played different roles.Students of Grade Seven worked as guides.They took visitors to different display rooms.Those of Grade Eight played a short play，introducing the history of Guangzhou to tourists.As for students of Grade Nine，they made meaningful posters to help people know Lingnan Culture better.
In my opinion，holding such an activity is useful and helpful.On one hand，it is a good chance for us to develop not only a sense of responsibility but also our work ability.On the other hand，it helps the history and culture of Guangzhou to be known by more and more people.
◆自我测评
2018年大数据博览会(2018 Big Data Expo)将于2018年在贵州贵阳举行。

数博会需要一些志愿者参与到美化环境、低碳环保、文明出行、会场向导等活动中来。

作为一名贵州的学生，请你以李明的名义向数博会组委会写一封信，申请做一名志愿者，谈谈你能为数博会的召开做些什么。

注意：
1．词数80－100词左右；
2．开头结尾已经给出，不计入总词数；
3．不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；
4．可涉及以上提示信息中的一项或几项，可以适当发挥。

Dear Sir，
I'm very glad that the 2018 Big Data Expo will be held in Guiyang.As a student in Guizhou，I think it is our duty to do something for this great event.
So__I__want__to__be__a__volunteer__to__help__clean__up__the__city__parks__and__streets.And__I__ think__I__can__help__to__plant__more__trees__and__flowers，too.The__more__trees__we__plant，the__greener__our__city__will__be.By__doing__these，we__can__show__the__world__a__more__beautiful__city.The__reason__why__I'd__also__like__to__be__a__g uide__is__that__I__like__English__and__I'm__good__at__speaking__English.I__want__to__show__the__for eigners__around__the__Expo__and__our__city.I'm__sure__I__can__be__a__good__guide.__________________ ________________________________________________________
Hope to hear from you soon!
Yours，
Li Ming。