DEB – A Dictionary Editor and Browser
Python语言程序设计(工作手册式) 作业习题及答案 第四章
第四章一、单选题(共16题，80分)1、若想往列表里添加一个元素,需要用到以下哪个函数？A、appendB、de1C、countD^pop正确答案：A2、PythOn元组包含了以下内置函数。
A、IenOB、max()C、min()D、tup1e()E、以上都是正确答案：E3、PythO11列表不包含了以下哪个内置函数A、IenOB、max()C、min()D、tup1e()E、1ist()正确答案：D4、更新列表时可以使用以下哪几种方法来添加列表项()。
A、append(),de1(),pop()B、index(),c1ear(),extend()C、appendO,extendO,insertOD、removeO,de1O,popO正确答案：C5、输入1ist.extcnd可以到达什么效果?()A、在列表末尾添加新的对象appendB、统计某个元素在列表中出现的次数CoUnt4C、在列表末尾一次性追加另一个序列中的多个值D、从列表中找出某个值第一个匹配项的索引位置index正确答案：C6、若想达到输出效果为[1,2,3,4,5,6]的目的,需要输入哪个函数?()A、[1,2,31+(4,5,6)B、+”,3]C、(1,2,3)+(4,5,6)D、[1,〃+〃，2,〃+〃，3]正确答案：B7、执行下面操作后,1isi2的值是:()A、St1=[4,5,6]B、st2=1ist1C、st1[2]=3D、[4,5,6]E、[4,3,6]F、[4,5,3]G、Λ,B,C都不正确正确答案：C8、下列哪个函数可以计算字典元素个数____A、cmpB、IenC、StrD、type正确答案：B9、下列哪个函数可以将字典以字符串表示输出 ____A、cmpIenC、strD^type正确答案：C10、下列哪个函数可以返回输入的变量类型 ____A、CmPB、IenC、strD^type正确答案：D11、若想删除字典,该使用以下哪个方法?OA、popB、de1C、c1earD、Copy正确答案：B12、以下程序的输出结果是(提示:ord(、，)==97):A、sta=[1,2,3,4,5,,a,,,b,,,c,,,d,,,e,]B、int1ista[2]+1ista[5]C、100D、,d,E、dF、TyPeErOr正确答案：D13、列表中可以放多少个字符串0A、 1B、255C、无限个D、由用户自己定义正确答案：C14、PythOI1元组不包含了以下哪个内置函数() A^1en()B、max()C^min()D、tup1e()E、以上都是正确答案：E15、以下哪个选项输出值为3?()A、1en((1,2,3))B、3in(1,2,3)C 、 forxin(1,2,3):D 、 ιntx正确答案：A16、tup1e 函数可以达到什么效果?0A 、计算元组元素个数B 、返回元组中元素最大值C 、将元组转换成列表D 、将列表转换成元组正确答案：D二、填空题（共34题，170分）1、设s=NcdefN 厕s[3]值是.s[3:5]值是，s[⑸值是，s[3:|值是，s[:⑵值是值是,s[2∙5]值是。
AutoCAD机械制图常用英语英文
AutoCAD机械制图常用英语英文2D Solid 二维实体3D Array 三维阵列3D Dynamic View 三维动态观察3d objects 三维物体3D Orbit 三维轨道3D Viewpoint 三维视点3dpoly 三维多段线3dsin 3DS 输入3DSolid 三维实体3dsout 3DS 输出abort 中断absolute coordinates 绝对座标abut 相邻accelerator key 快速键access 存取acisin ACIS 输入 ACIS 汇入acisout ACIS 输出 ACIS 汇出action 动作active 作用中adaptive sampling 最适取样add 加入Add a Printer 新增印表机Add mode 添加模式Add Plot Style Table 添加打印样式表Add Plotter 添加打印机Add to Favorites 增加我的最喜爱ADI ADI(Autodesk 设备接口)ADI (Autodesk 设备介面)adjacent 相邻Adjust 调整Adjust Area fill 调整区域填满AdLM (Autodesk License Manager) AdLM（Autodesk 许可管理器）Administration dialog box 管理对话方块Advanced Setup Wizard 进阶安装精灵Aerial View 鸟瞰视景affine calibration 关系校正alert 警告alias 别名aliasing 锯齿化align 对齐aligned dimension 对齐标注alignment 对齐allocate 配置Altitude 高度ambient color 环境颜色ambient light 环境光源angular dimension 角度标注angular unit 角度单位annotation 注解anonymous block 匿名图块anti-aliasing 消除锯齿aperture 锁点框apparent intersections 外观交点append 附加Application key 应用程式码appload 载入应用程式Apply 套用approximation points 近似点arc 弧Architectual Ticks 建筑斜线area 区域 ,面积Argument 引数Arrange icons 排列图示array 阵列arrowhead 箭头ASCII ASCII （美国标准信息交换码） ASCII aseadmin ASE 管理aseexport ASE 输出aselinks ASE 链接aserows ASE 行aseselect ASE 选择ASE 选取asesqled SQL 编辑ASE SQL 编辑器Aspect 纵横向间距aspect ratio 纵横比assign 指定Assist 辅助associative dimension 关联式标注associative hatches 关联式剖面线attach v. 贴附attdef 属性定义attdisp 属性显示attedit 属性编辑attenuation 衰减attenuation of light 光源衰减attext 属性萃取attredef 属性重新定义attribute definition 属性定义Attribute Display 属性显示attribute extraction file 属性萃取档attribute extraction template file 属性萃取样板档attribute prompt 属性提示attribute tag 属性标签attribute value 属性值audit 检核authorization code 授权码AutoCAD library search path AutoCAD 资源库搜寻路径autocommit 自动确定AutoTrack 自动追踪axis tripod 三向轴azimuth 方位Back Clipping On 后向剪裁打开back view 后视景background color 背景颜色backup 备份Backward 左右反向bad 不正确base 基点基准,底端,底部base dimension 基准标注基线式标注base grips 基准掣点base point 基准点baseline 基线式baseline dimension 基线式标注Basic color 基本颜色batch plotting 批次出图beam angles of spotlights 点光源光线角度Beep on Error 错误时发出哔声bevel 斜切beveling objects 斜切物件Bezier curve Bezier 曲线Big Font 大字体bind 并入bitmap 点阵图blend 混成blipmode 点记模式block 图块block definition 图块定义block reference 图块参考block table 图块表格bmpout BMP 汇出body 主体Boolean operation 布林运算borders 图框bottom view 下视景boundary 边界boundary sets 边界集bounding 边界框break (v.) 切断Bring Above Object 置于物件上方Bring to Top 置于最上方brower 浏览器built-in 内建bulge 凸度bump map 凸纹贴图button menu 按钮功能表BYBLOCK 随块BYLAYER 随层byte 位元组cabling 配线cal 校正calibrate 校正call 呼叫callback 回覆callback 回覆camera 照相机camera angle 相机角度Cancel 取消cap 封口cascade 重叠排列case 大小写cast 投射catalog 目录cell 储存格Center 中心center mark 中心点标记centerline 中心线centroid 矩心chamfer 倒角change 变更block 块图块block definition 块定义图块定义block reference 块参照图块参考block table 块表图块表格bmpout BMP 输出 BMP 汇出body 体主体Boolean operation 布尔运算布林运算borders 边框图框bottom view 仰视图下视景boundary 边界boundary sets 边界集bounding 边（框）边界框break (v.) 打断切断Bring Above Object 置于对象之上置于物件上方Bring to Top 顶置置于最上方brower 浏览器built-in 内置的内建bulge 凸度bump map 凹凸贴图凸纹贴图button menu 按钮菜单按钮功能表BYBLOCK 随块BYLAYER 随层byte 字节位元组cabling 电缆布线配线cal 计算器校正calibrate 校准校正call 调用呼叫callback 回调(for LISP) 回覆callback 回叫回覆camera 照相机camera angle 相机角度Cancel 取消cap 封口cascade 层叠（的）重叠排列case 大小写cast 投射catalog 目录cell 单元储存格Center 圆心中心center mark 圆心标记中心点标记centerline 中心线centroid 形心,质心矩心chamfer 倒角change 修改变更character 字符字元Check 检查Check Box 复选框勾选框Check Spelling 拼写检查拼字检查child dimension style 下级标注样式子标注型式chord 弦翼弦chprop 修改特性变更性质circle 圆circular external reference 循环外部参考Circumference 圆周class 类等级, 类别clause 子句Clean 清除清理clear 清除client 客户机用户端clip 剪裁截取Clipboard 剪贴簿clipping boundaries 剪裁边界截取边界clipping planes 剪裁平面截取平面Close 关闭(用于档案),闭合(用于边界,线,面域) cluster 组丛集code pages 代码页字码页color 颜色著色color depth 颜色深度color map 色表颜色对映Color Wheel 颜色轮盘色轮color-dependent 颜色相关Color-Dependent Plot Style Table 颜色相关打印样式表dangle 不固定的悬挂Dark Color 暗色dash 虚线data integrity 数据完整性资料完整性database 数据库资料库datum 基准基准面datum axis 基准轴datum dimension 基准标注datum identifier 基准识别字datum reference frames 基准参考框架基准参考框datum reference letters 基准参考字母基准参考文字dbConnect 数据库连接资料库连结dbConnect Manager 数据库连接管理器dblist 数据库列表资料库列示DBMS drivers DBMS 驱动资料库管理系统 (DBMS) ddattdef 属性定义对话框动态属性定义ddatte 属性编辑对话框动态属性编辑ddattext 属性提取对话框动态属性萃取ddcolor 颜色对话框动态颜色设定ddedit 文字编辑对话框编辑文字与属性定义ddgrips 夹点对话框动态掣点设定ddim 标注设置对话框标注设定ddinsert 插入对话框图块插入ddmodify 图元编辑对话框动态修改ddptype 点类型对话框点型式ddrename 重命名对话框动态更名ddrmodes 绘图模式对话框绘图设定ddselect 对象选择对话框动态选取设定dducs UCS 对话框dducsp UCS 方向对话框ddunits 单位对话框动态单位设定ddview 视图对话框动态视景ddvpoint 视点对话框动态检视点deactivate 释放停用dealer 经销商经销商decal effect 修剪效果除去杂质效果decimal dimensions 十进制标注十进位标注decurve 非曲线化直线化default 缺省预设值,预设default drawing 缺省图形预设图面definition point 定义点Degenerate 退化delay 延迟delete 删除DELta 增量差值demand loading 按需加载应要求载入dependent symbols 依赖符号deployment 展开布署Depth Map 深度贴图深度贴图derive 导出description 说明描述Design Center 设计中心detach 分离Detection 侦测deviation 极限偏差偏差deviation tolerances 极限公差偏差公差device 设备Device and Default Selection 设备和默认选择设备和预设值选取Dia 直径diameter 直径（标注）直径dictionary 词典字典diffuse color 漫射颜色digitizer 数字化仪数位板digitizing puck 数字化仪游标数位化指向器dim 标注标注dimaligned 对齐标注对齐式标注dimangular 角度标注角度标注dimbaseline 标注基线基线式标注dimcenter 圆心标注中心点标注dimcontinue 连续式标注dimdiameter 直径标注dimedit 标注编辑dimension 标注dimension definition points 标注定义点dimension format 标注格式dimension geometry 构成要素标注几何dimension line arc 尺寸线圆弧标注线弧dimension properties 标注特性标注性质dimension scale 标注比例dimension style 标注型式dimension style families 标注样式族标注型式家族dimension style name 标注样式名标注型式名称dimension style overrides 标注样式替代标注型式取代dimension text 标注文字dimension units 标注单位dimension variables 标注变量标注变数dimlinear 线性标注dimordinate 坐标标注座标式标注dimoverride 标注取代dimradius 半径标注dimstyle 标注型式dimtedit 标注文字编辑Direct Hatch 直接填充直接剖面Direction Control 方向控制Directory 目录Disable 禁用取消,停用discard 舍弃Discontinued 取消,停用dish 下半球面圆碟disk space 磁盘空间磁碟空间displacement point 位移点位移点display 显示显示器, 显示, 显示画面Display Order 显示顺序dist 距离distant light 平行光远光源distributing 分布分散式dithering 抖动递色diverge 分散的Divide 等分Division 等分分割,除法dock(undock) 固定（浮动）固定document 文档文件dome 上半球面圆顶donut 环Draft 草图drafting standards 制图标准drafting techniques制图技巧drag and drop 拖放draw 绘制/绘图 (如果后面未接宾语) 绘图drawing 图面,图档Drawing Aids 绘图辅助工具绘图辅助drawing area 绘图区drawing boundaries 图面边界drawing browser 图面浏览器drawing database 图形资料库drawing environment 绘图环境drawing extents 图形范围图面实际范围drawing file 图形文件图档drawing limits 图形界限图面范围drawing order 图形次序绘图顺序drawing project 图形项目绘图专案drawing scale 图面比例drawing standard 图面标准drawing status 图面状态drawing time 绘图时间drawing units 图形单位图面单位driver 驱动程式Dropdown List 下拉式列示dsviewer 鸟瞰视景dtext 动态文字dump 倾出duplicate 重复的dview 动态检视dxbin DXB 汇入dxfin DXF 汇入dxfout DXF 汇出Dynamic 动态Dynamic Dragging 动态拖曳Dynamic Update 动态更新dynamic viewing 动态检视dynamic zooming 动态缩放edge 边缘Edge Surface 边缘曲面edgesurf 边缘曲面editor 编辑器EDUCATION VERSION 教育版effect 效果Element 元素elev 高程elevation 高程ellipse 椭圆embed 嵌入Encapsulated 封装 end 端点结束,终点end angle 结束角度end tangent 结束切点end width 结束宽度Ending 端点English units 英制ENTER ENTER 输入entity 图元entry 资料项environment 环境environment variable 环境变数equation 方程式erase 删除existing 既有的Exit 结束export 汇出expression 表示式extend 延伸extend 超出量（用于标注）延伸extension line 延伸线Extent(s) 实际范围external data 外部资料external database 外部资料库External Reference 外部参考Extract 萃取extrude 挤出face 面facet 产生刻面factor 因子(see Scale Factor) 系数fade 渐层falloff angle 衰退角度Fast Zoom mode 快速缩放模式fatal 致命错误Favorites 我的最爱feature 特征fence 栏选field 栏位file 档案fill 填实Filled Text 文字填实(用于填实线条、实体或实面) Filmroll Filmroll 胶卷filter 过滤器find 寻找工具finish 修饰finish 修饰fit 布满（用于预览时，布满视窗或图纸）fit points 拟合点flag 旗标Flat Shaded, Edges on 带边框平淡着色flat-shaded （平淡）着色floating viewports 浮动视埠flood 大量Flyout Properties 图示列性质fog 雾fold 折痕Follow 自动平面视景font 字体font map file 字体对映档form tolerance 成型公差formatting text 格式化文字frame 画格free-form 自由形式freehand line 手绘线Freeplotting 自由出图freeze 冻结freezing layers 冻结图层From 自Front Clipping On 前向剪裁打开front view 主视图前视景Full Preview 完整预览General 一般generate 产生geometric characteristic symbols 几何特性符号Geometric Tolerance 几何公差geometry 几何图形global 整体Gradient 渐层Grads 分度graphic area 图形区graphics cursor 图形游标graphics screen 图形萤幕graphics window 图形视窗graphscr 图形萤幕gray 灰阶grid 格点grid 格点grid mode 格点模式grip 掣点group 群组group code 群组码Haltftoning 半色调handle 处理码 (用于性质对话方块) handshaking 交握Hardcopy 硬体复制,硬本hardware linetype 硬体线型hardware lock 硬体锁hardware requirement 硬体需求hatch 剖面线hatch areas 剖面区域hatch boundaries 剖面边界hatch pattern 剖面线样式hatch styles 剖面样式hatchedit 剖面线编辑Heads-up Design 抬头设计Height 高度help 说明Hidden Line 隐藏线hidden-line image 隐藏线影像hide 隐藏(hide 消隐hideplot 隐藏出图highlight 亮显highlight 亮光HIGHLIGHT 亮显home page 首页home position 归位点hook line 钩线hotspot 聚光点Hyperlink 超级链接Icon 图示Identifier 标识符IGES (International Graphics Exchange Specification) 基本图形交换规格Ignore 忽略image 影像implement 实施import 汇入Imprint 盖印included angle 夹角infinite lines 无限长直线information 资讯Inherit Properties 继承性质initial environment 初始环境Initialize 起始设定in-place 现地inquiry 查询inscribed polygons 内接多边形insert 插入Insertion 插入点insertobj 插入物件instance 实例Instruction 指示integer 整数IntelliMouse 智慧型滑鼠Intensity 强度interactive 互动式Interchange 交替interface 介面interfere 干涉interlace 交错internal 内部Internet Utilities Internet 网际网路公用程式interpolation points 内插点intersect 交集interval 间隔时间Invalid 无效inverse linear attenuation of light 光线的线性反比衰减inverse square attenuation of light 光线的平方反比衰减Invisible 不可见invoke 呼叫island 孤立物件Island detection 侦测孤立物件ISO (International Standards Organization) ISO(国际标准化组织) Isolation levels 隔离层次isoline 等角线isometric 等角isometric snap style 等角锁点型式isometric view 等轴测视图等角视景isoplane 等角平面Italic 斜体iterator 枚举器重述子join 结合joint 接合线Justification 对正方式justify 对正key 主键key n.名称主键knot vector 节点矢量label 标签landscape 横式Landscape 配景，风景Landscape Edit 编辑配景Landscape Library 配景库景物图库lateral tolerance symbol 侧向公差符号layer index 图层索引Layout 配置Layout from Template 来自样板的布局Layout Wizard 布局向导leader 引线Leading 前导Learning Assistance 学习助理Left View 左视景legacy 旧式length 长度lengthen 调整长度Lens Length 镜头长度License Agreement 授权合约license key 授权码License Manager 授权管理员License Server 授权伺服器licenses 授权light 光源light color 浅色Light Color 亮色lighting 照明Lightness 亮度limits 范围,图面范围line 直线线line font 线字体line object 线物件line segment 线段line width 线宽Linear Dimension 线性标注linetype 线型Lineweight 线宽link 连结list 串列list 串列list box 列示框List Files 文件列表load 载入locale 本地location 网址location 位置locked 锁定locked layer 锁定图层logfileoff 关闭记录档logfileon 打开日志文件logical 逻辑的long file name 长档名loop 回路ltscale 线型比例LTSCALE 线型比例Ltype 线型lump 小块magnet 磁铁magnification 倍率magnifying glass 放大境main window 主视窗major axis 长轴Make 制作malformed 畸形的Manipulate 管理Manufacture 制造商mapper 贴图mapping 贴图,对映marble 大理石mark 标记massprop 质量性质match 相符material condition 材质条件material condition symbols 材质条件符号Materials 材质Materials Library 材质库matlib 材质库measure 测量measure 测量Measurement 测量结果MEASUREMENT 测量结果member 成员memory 记忆体menu 功能表menu bar 功能表列menuload 自订功能表Merge 合并message 讯息metafile 中继档Method 方法 (用于物件导向程式观念) Middle 中央Middle Center 正中Midpoint 中点minsert 插入图块阵列mirror 镜射mirror line 镜射线mirror3d 三维镜像Miscellaneous File Names 其它档名Miter 斜接mledit 复线编辑mline 复线mlstyle 复线型式mode 模式model 模型model space 模型空间Modification 修改monitor resolution 萤幕解析度monochrome 单色mouse 滑鼠move 移动mslide 制作幻灯片mspace 模型空间mtext 多行文字Multiline 复线multiline scale 复线比例Multiline Style 复线型式mview 多重视埠mvsetup 多重视埠设定named object 具名物件named plot style table 具名的出图型式表Named UCS 命名named view 具名的视景NE Isometric 东北等角NE Isometric 东北等角Nearest 最近点nested 巢状式nested blocks 巢状式图块new 开新档案New Layout 新建布局NURB surfaces NURBS（非一致有理 B 样条曲线）NURBS 曲面NW Isometric 西北等角NW Isometric 西北等角object 对象Object Properties 对象特性Object Properties Manager 对象特性管理器 Object Snap 对象捕捉object snap override 对象捕捉覆盖Object Snap Setting 对象捕捉设置objects 对象物件Oblique 斜尺寸界线倾斜obsolete 废弃旧式ODBC database ODBC数据库offset 偏移OLE OLE（对象链接和嵌入）物件连接与嵌入 (OLE)olelinks OLE链接 OLE 连结online help 联机帮助线上说明online manuals 联机手册线上手册oops 恢复取消删除opacity map 不透明贴图open 打开开启 (大部分用于档案)OPM(Object Property Manager) 对象特性管理器Optimization 优化最佳化option 选项Orbit 轨道动态, 动态检视Ordinate 坐标标注座标式orientation 方向方位origin 原点（对于坐标系）origin 原始位置(used for external Datebase) 原点origin 起点（对于尺寸界线和标注）原点ortho 正交Ortho mode 正交模式orthogonal 正交正交的orthographic 正交正投影osnap 对象捕捉物件锁点outside 外部的外侧 (用于文字位置)overall dimension scale 全局比例整体标注比例overflow 溢出高溢 (相对于 underflow),溢位overlay 覆盖覆叠overline 上划线顶线override 忽略 - For common sentences 取代override 替代 - For dimension 取代overwrite 覆盖取代Palette 控制板选盘Palette 调色板选盘pan 平移pane 窗格paper space 图纸空间parameter 参数parent dimension style 上级标注样式父系标注型式parse 分析Partial 部分局部Partial Load 部分加载局部载入password 口令密码Paste Special 选择性粘贴pasteclip 粘贴贴上截取pastespec 选择性粘贴选择性贴上path 路径路径pedit 多段线编辑聚合线编辑pen plotters 笔式绘图仪笔式绘图机pen speed 笔速pen width 笔宽Perfomance 性能效能perimeter 周长personalization 个人化pface 复合面聚合面Phong shading Phong 着色描影Photo Raytrace renderer 照片级光线跟踪渲染光线追踪相片彩现Photo Real renderer 照片级真实感渲染真实相片彩现photo realistic rendering 照片级真实感渲染相片质感彩现pick button 拾取键点选钮pickbox 拾取框PICKFIRST 选择优先先点选picture 图片pixel 像素placeholder 占位符定位器plan 平面图平面plan view 平面视图平面视景planar projection 平面投影pline 多段线聚合线plot 打印出图Plot Configuration 打印配置出图规划plot files 打印文件出图档plot rotation 打印旋转出图旋转plot spooling 打印假脱机出图伫列Plot Style Manager 打印样式管理器plot style table 打印样式表出图型式表plotter 绘图仪plotter linetype 绘图仪线型Plotter Manager 打印机管理器Point Filters 点过滤point marker 点标记Point Sample 点采样取样点Point Style 点样式pointer 指针pointing device 定点设备指向设备polar array 环形阵列polar coordinate 极坐标polar tracking 极轴追踪极座标追踪polar tracking 极轴追踪极座标追踪polyface meshes 多面网格聚合面网面polygon 正多边形polygon 多边形polygon meshes 多边形网格多边形网面polygon window 多边形窗口多边形视窗polygonal clipping boundaries 多边形剪切边界polyline 多段线聚合线polyline clipping boundaries 多段线裁剪边界聚合线截取边界polyline segments 多段线线段聚合线线段polymesh 多边形网格聚合网面popup 弹出弹出Popup List 弹出列表弹出列示port 端口埠Portrait 肖像直式Portrait 纵向，if used for paper layout 直式positional tolerances 位置公差位置公差precision 精度精确度predefine 预定义事先定义的preferences 系统配置环境设定Preferences dialog box 系统配置对话框「环境设定」对话方块preview 打印预览预览primitive 原型基本原件Priority 优先级priviledge 特权专用权Procedural material 过程化材质程序材质process 处理程序Profile 配置/剖面(图) 轮廓program (v.) 编程程式Projected tolerance zone 投影公差带Projected tolerances 投影公差prompt 提示Properties 特性内容Property painter 特性刷性质复制器Protocal 协议通讯协定prototype 原型proxy 代理proxy fonts 代理字体代理字型pull down menu 下拉菜单下拉功能表purge 清理pyramid 棱锥面三角锥体QDIM 快速标注qsave 快存快速存档qtext 快速文字Quadratic 二次quality 质量品质Quick Tour 快速指南快速导览radian 弧度弪度Radio Button 单选钮圆钮radius 半径raster file format 光栅文件格式网格档案格式Raster Image 光栅图像网格式影像raster image boundaries 光栅图像边界网格式影像边界ray 射线光线Ray Casting 射线法raytraced renderer 光线跟踪渲染光线追踪彩现raytraced shadows 光线跟踪阴影光线追踪阴影read 读取Realtime 实时即时模式rectang 矩形矩形recursion 递归Redefine 重定义redo 重做redraw 重画redrawall 全重画reference 引用参考reference 参照reference angles 参考角reference point 参考点refine 精度控制精细化reflection color 反射色reflection mapping 反射贴图refractive index 折射指数refresh 刷新更新regen 重生成regenall 全重生成regenauto 自动重生成regenerate 重生成重生regeneration 重生成重生region 面域registry 注册表登录reinit 重初始化reinstall 重新安装relative angles 相对角相对角度relative coordinates 相对坐标release 版本Reload 重新载入remove 删除rename 重命名更名render 渲染彩现renderer 渲染程序彩现程式Replace 替换取代replay 重放Requirement 需求reset 重置resizing 改变大小重新调整尺寸resolution 融入解析度resolution 分辨率解析度restore 恢复取回resume 恢复执行Retain 保留return button 回车键revert 复原恢复原状revolve 旋转回转revsurf 旋转曲面回转曲面ridge 棱脊线Right-Angle 直角rmat 材质彩现材质rollback 回卷溯回root point 原点根点rotate 旋转rotate3d 旋转 3ＤRotation 旋转routine 例行程序常式Rows dialog box “行”对话框列对话方块rpref 渲染选项彩现环境设定rscript 重复执行重新执行脚本rubber-band line 拖引线伸缩线rulesurf 直纹曲面规则曲面Run Script 运行脚本执行脚本running object snap 执行对象捕捉常驻式「物件锁点」running override 整体替代runout 跳动偏转度sample 样例取样Saturation 饱和度save 保存Save back 存回saveas 另存为saveimg 保存图像scale 比例缩放，（缩放）比例 if used as noun 调整比例, 比例scale factor 比例因子比例系数Scaled to Fit 按图纸空间缩放调整比例到布满scan 扫描Scatter 散布图散量scene 场景schema 模式纲要screen 屏幕script 脚本script files 脚本文件scroll bar 滚动条卷动轴SDI(MDI) 单文档界面(多文档界面)SE Isometric 东南等轴测东南等角Search for Help on 搜索帮助寻找辅助说明主题section 区域，部分，节（相对于章节）剖面section 截面剖面see 参见segment 段，线段区段select 选择select all 全选Select object 对象选择选取物件selectable 可选择的可选取selection 选择集，选择选取,选项 (作名词用)selection sets 选择集Separate 分割分隔,个别的Serial number 序号session 任务阶段作业set 设置(v)，集合(n) 设定setting 设置设定shade 着色，灰度(用于单色 Gray ) 描影shader 着色程序描影程式shadow map 阴影贴图shape 造型Sharpness 尖锐度鲜明度sheet 表，板(for ACIS only) 图纸Shell 抽壳薄壳shell SHELL 薄壳Shell 抽壳薄壳shortcut 快捷键快显show 显示展示Silhouette 轮廓剪影Single Face 单一表面单面single-pen plotter 单笔式绘图仪单笔绘图机size 数目尺寸sizing 调整大小调整尺寸sketch 徒手画徒手描绘slice 剖切面(as n.) 切割面slice 剖切切割面slide 幻灯片slide libraries 幻灯库幻灯片库smooth shading 平滑着色平滑描影smoothing angle 平滑角度平滑角度snap 捕捉锁点snap angle 捕捉角度锁点角度snap grid 捕捉栅格锁点格点Snap mode 捕捉模式锁点模式snap resolution 捕捉分辨率锁点解析度SnapTips 捕捉提示锁点提示solid 填充实体, 2D 实面solid (二维)填充/(三维)实体实体, 2D 实面Solid Fill 实面填实solid modeler 实体建模实体模型器solids 实体, 3D 实体sorting 排序source applications 源文件source point 源点来源点space 空间spacing 间距Special Edit 特定编辑specific 指定（的）特定的specific 特有的特定的specify 指定specular reflection 镜面反射（高光）镜面反射Spelling 拼写检查拼字sphere 球面圆球体spherical projection 球面投影spline 样条曲线云形线spline frame 样条曲线框架云形线架构splinedit 样条编辑云形线编辑Split 拆分分割spooler 缓冲（文件）排存器spotlight angles 聚光灯角度stack 堆栈堆叠stacked text 叠式文本堆叠文字stamp 戳记Standard 标准Start 起点启动start angle 起点角度起始角度start tangent 起点切向起始切点Start Up dialog box “启动”对话框「启动」对话方块starting 起始statements 状态说明叙述,. 声明, 陈述式statistics 统计信息统计值stats 统计统计值status 状态stlout STL 输出汇出Stochastic 随机推测Stone Color 石质颜色straighten 拉直stretch 拉伸Strikeout Maybe 删去删除线style 样式字型substitute 替换subtract 差集减去Suffix 后缀字尾support directory 支持目录support files 支持文件支援档suppress 禁止抑制surface 曲面表面SW Isometric 西南等轴测西南等角swap file 交换文件置换档swatch 样本sweep 延伸扫掠switch 切换开关swivel 旋转sym 符号符号symbol set 符号集symbol table 符号表Symmetrical 对称Synchronize 同步system requirements 系统需求system variables 系统变量syswindows 系统窗口tab 附签table 表表格tablet 数字化仪数位板tabsurf 平移曲面板展曲面tabulated surface 平移曲面板展曲面Tag 标记标签tangent a. 相切（的）n. 切线切点tangential 相切Taper Faces 倾斜面锥形面tapered polyline segments 锥状多段线线段锥状聚合线段tapering 锥状target 目标（点、对象）目标target box 靶框目标框template drawing 样板图样板图面temporary files 临时文件暂存档terminate 终止tessellation lines 素线镶嵌线tesslated text 嵌花文字Test 测试tetrahedron 四面体text 文字，sometimes 文本text color 文字色text control codes 文字控制代码text editor 文本编辑器text fonts 字体text height 字高text justification 文字对齐text properties 文字特性text style 文字样式textscr 文本屏Textual 文本（的）文字texture map 纹理贴图材质贴图thaw 解冻thickness 厚度threshold 阈（值）临界值thumbnail 略图thumbnail preview image 略图预览图像缩图预览影像Tick 标记短斜线tilde 波浪符号 (~)tile horizontal 水平平铺非重叠水平式tile vertical 垂直平铺tiled viewports 平铺视口非重叠视埠tilemode 平铺模式非重叠模式time 时间Timeout 超时title block 标题栏toggle 开关，切换token 记号tolerance 公差toolbar 工具列top view 俯顶视图上视景topology 拓扑结构拓朴toroidal 环形圆环形torus 圆环（体/面）圆环体trace 宽线追踪,等宽线Trailing 后续结尾transform 变换转换Translation 平移转译Transparency 透明度transparent 图像透明度透通式transparent command 透明命令透通指令Tree View 树状图treestat 树构状态triangle 三角形trim 修剪tripod 三向轴trunctuate 截短截断tube 管，圆管Turbulence 扰动乱流tutorials 教程导览Twist 扭曲扭转Type 类型键入ucsicon UCS 图标undefine 命令取消取消定义underflow 下溢低溢underline 下划线底线undo 放弃复原Unhide 显示取消隐藏uninstall 删除安装union 并集联集Unload 卸载释放unnamed blocks 无名块未具名块updating 更新Upside Down 倒置上下颠倒user coordinate system 用户坐标系使用者座标系统 (UCS) Validation 校验variable 变量vector 矢量vertex 顶点vertical dimension 垂直标注vertices 顶点video display 视频播放视频显示器view 视图视景View Aligned 对齐浏览viewpoint 视点检视点viewport 视口视埠viewport configuration 视口配置视埠规划viewres 显示精度视景解析度virtual screen display 虚屏显示虚拟萤幕显示visibility 可见性volumetric shadows 体积阴影vplayer 视口图层视埠图层控制vpoint 设置视点检视点vports 多视口视埠vslide 观看幻灯检视幻灯片warning 警告wblock 写块制作图块wedge 楔体表面楔形体Weight 权值weld 接合What’s new 新特性新增功能Width 宽度Window 窗口window polygon 窗口多边形多边形窗选wire 连线线素wireframe model 线框模型线架构模型word wrap 词语换行working drawing 工作图面World Coordinate System (WCS) 世界坐标系世界座标系统xbind 外部参照绑定外部并入Xdata 外部数据延伸资料xline 参照线建构线xplode 分解炸开xref 外部参照Xref Log 外部参照记录文件外部参考记录xref-dependent layer 依赖外部参照的图层xrefs (external references) 外部参照外部参考zoom 缩放Zoom limits 图限缩放缩放范围Zoom Previous 缩放到上次缩放前次Zoom window 按窗口，按作图区缩放缩放窗选。
Tips for Learning English
Tips for Learning EnglishFirst, understand this: becoming perfect in written English is something you can do. Mastering a written language is a function of time and effort. Each and every one of you has far more intellectual capacity than the average native English speaker and writer. All you need is to put in the time to achieve mastery.While we have experts in teaching English on the staff here at the law school, I am not one of those. Please take full advantage of what our expert staff can offer. They can help you use your time as efficiently as possible.What I, as a non-expert, can do is direct you to some resources that will help you spend time fairly painlessly with the English language. The more you expose yourself to English, the better. Using some of these resources will help you compensate for not being in an English speaking country.News:News reports are written at an accessible level of English. In the internet age, news from almost every English language newspaper and media outlet on the planet is available online. One gateway to these news sources is Google News at . Fifteen minutes a day browsing through Google news will help keep you current on world events while enhancing your English. You can set up recurring searches in Google news so that news of special interest to you (such as the latest news on a favorite sports team, a company, a celebrity or a city) can be automatically featured in your personal Google news page.Blogs:Blogs are another accessible, free source of English content. There are some very good law oriented blogs written by law professors and other experts. These blogs will help expose you to legal terms as used by native speakers, while also helping you keep current on cutting edge issues. Some good legal blogs are:Concurring OpinionsCovers a diverse range of mostly legal topics.The ConglomerateBusiness law issues, mainly involving securities laws or corporate structure.Legal Theory LexiconThis section of the Legal Theory Blog has articles on a variety of fundamental legaltopics. You can learn a lot here.Law 21One of the better blogs covering the business side of legal practiceLegal Profession BlogThis blog covers professional responsibility issues.Civil Procedure BlogThis blog covers, you guessed it, civil procedure issues.Property Law BlogThis blog covers hot topics in propertly law.The Becker-Posner BlogLaw and economics thoughts from a famous US judge and a Nobel laureate economist.The Wall Street Journal Law BlogDevelopments in law and the legal profession, covered from the perspective i\of theUnited State’s leading business newspaper.There are many more blogs out there, on all kinds of topics ranging from finance to gossip, and the links on the blogs above will help you find reputable blogs of interest to you.For both the blog and news options, you might find it helpful to install a dictionary in your browser. A built in dictionary such as this Firefox extension allows you to check the meaning of unfamiliar words without leaving the page: https:///en-US/firefox/addon/1171/.I am sure there are other, perhaps better, options for Firefox, Internet Explorer, Chrome and Safari.Radio and Television Shows:No one needs to watch television, but if you are watching TV, watching English language television in English will help improve your English. While US radio doesn’t reach here, most US radio stations are streamed via the internet. You might find the National Public Radio shows and the BBC options particularly useful.Podcasts:With the aid of an inexpensive MP3 player you can listen to English language content while exercising or walking to the store. You can access these from iTunes (the iTunes University section tends to have particularly high quality content) or via a podcast directory such as . Most are free. You can set up automatic downloads of the podcasts you enjoy using iTunes or a free program such as Juice.While podcasts cover every conceivable topic, two categories that may be of interest are English language instruction and law school podcasts. Many language programs offer free podcasts as a promotional tool. You can find some to sample by searching for “learning English podcast” on Google. Many US law schools also record school events and lectures and offer them for free as podcasts. I have found the faculty lecture series from the University of Chicago to be very interesting on occasion. The law school podcasts will expose you to legal terms and legal ideas while also exposing you to English.Different from podcasts but of similar use in learning English are oral arguments that have been recorded. The Oyez project has collected US Supreme Court oral arguments from prior years The lawyers are usually among the very best, and this is a good way to learn English (including legal English) while absorbing how top lawyers do their job. There are written transcripts for many of the arguments, which can help you check whether your understanding was accurate.EditingWhen you turn in written legal work it has to be perfect. Spelling and grammatical errors are unacceptable. Making such errors can damage your career.You should get in the habit of carefully proofreading and editing your legal work product. There are two tools included in most word processing software that will help. The first is spell check. Spell check will not let you know if you have used an incorrect word, but it will let you know if you have typed something that is not a word at all. The other tool is grammar check. Grammar check is less reliable than spell check, in that it sometimes flags sentences that are, in fact, properly written. You should not blindly accept the suggestions made by a grammar checking tool. That said, such a tool will often help catch and flag common grammatical errors, and using it will help you focus on those parts of your written work that might need extra attention. In Word, grammar and spell check are available via the Tools menu.If you work to make every piece of written work perfect, you will gradually improve your ability in English. If you do not make the extra effort to edit and correct errors, you are less likely to move quickly to a higher level of skill. Try hard to make every piece of work perfect, and over time you will get better and better.ConclusionTaking advantage of these diverse options will require you to forego Mandarin on occasion, and at first that may be uncomfortable for you. However, the more you expose yourself to English, the easier it becomes, until you will become as comfortable in English as you are now in your native language.Ray Campbell。
PHP程序设计智慧树知到课后章节答案2023年下广东培正学院
PHP程序设计智慧树知到课后章节答案2023年下广东培正学院广东培正学院第一章测试1.动态网站隶属性下面哪一种软件开发形式？（）。
A:嵌入式程序开发B:C/S架构软件C:B/S架构软件D:应用程序开发答案:B/S架构软件2.在下面的选项中，哪一种Web构建在开发动态网站时通常用于接收并处理用户事件？（）。
A:CSSB:JavaScriptC:PHPD:HTML答案:JavaScript3.下面几个后台脚本编程语言中，哪个属于开源的软件？（）。
A:CGIB:ASPC:JSPD:PHP答案:PHP4.下面几个Web构建中，哪个可以直接作为数据库的客户端应用处理数据库中的数据？（）。
A:JavaScriptB:PHPC:LinuxD:Apache答案:PHP5.用于调整网页的外观和布局的Web构建是下列选项中的哪一个？（）。
A:CSSB:JavaScriptC:XMLD:PHP答案:CSS6.构建一个网站开发平台，希望具有简易性、低成本、高安全性、开发速度快并且执行灵活，可以选择下面选项中哪一种网站开发平台？（）。
A:J2EEB:CGIC:LAMPD:答案:LAMP7.下面选项中，哪个不属于URL的组成部分？（）。
A:端口B:传输协议C:主机D:Internet答案:Internet8.如果选用WAMP平台开发Web程序，下面选项中不能使用PHP处理的工作是（）。
A:接收用户表单B:处理用户事件C:生成HTML输出D:图像处理答案:处理用户事件9.在下面的选项中，可以由Web服务器Apache完成的工作是（）。
A:发布网站B:解析PHP文件C:主动建立与客户端连接D:连接处理数据库答案:发布网站10.在下面的选项中，对MySQL数据库描述不正确的是（）。
A:MySQL属于C/S结构软件B:MySQL服务器必须和Apache服务器及PHP应用服务器安装在同一台电脑中C:可以使用PHP作为MySQL客户端程序连接并处理MySQL服务器D:在WAMP组合的开发平台中，MySQL用于保存网站中的内容数据答案:MySQL服务器必须和Apache服务器及PHP应用服务器安装在同一台电脑中第二章测试1.PHP是哪种类型的语言（）。
Toad_8.6_for_Oracle
Toad for Oracle is a powerful, low-overhead tool that makes database and application development faster and easier while simplifying day-to-day administration tasks. Whether you are a PL/SQL developer, application developer, DBA or business analyst, Toad for Oracle offers specific features to make you more productive than ever before.Toad improves productivity with all the functionality you need to build and execute queries, create and modify database objects, and develop and debug SQL and PL/SQL code. Even day-to-day tasks — such as importing/exporting data, comparing schemas and updating statistics — are made faster and easier with Toad. Plus, Toad offers integration with Knowledge Xpert™ for built-in Oracle database expertise from recognized database experts.Toad also helps you and your team increase the quality of your database applications. Integrated SQL tuning and automated PL/SQL code review features provide users of all levels with the expertise needed to turn out quality code. Plus, Quest offers interactive community support from both peers and industry experts through online discussion groups, the Quest Pipelines Web site and newsletters, and events designed especially for the Toad community of users.Effortless Database Browsing and AdministrationWith Toad for Oracle, you don’t have to be an expert to manage database objects. Toad’s Schema Browser allows you to quickly view and manage the entire data dictionary through a simple, multi-tabbed browser. When you click on an individual object, Toad for Oracle will immediately display associated details, eliminat-ing lengthy drill-down lists. For ease of use, all objects can also be managed within the browser window.Advanced Editors for Quick and Accurate CodingToad for Oracle’s powerful editors improve your productivity, eliminate errors and dramatically decrease development time. The editors allow you to work on multiple files simultaneously — even different file types such as SQL, PL/SQL, HTML, Java and text. By replacing the traditional command line query and script execution facility with a graphical interface, Toad for Oracle provides a fast and easy-to-use development environment — configurable to your preferences.• SQL Editor provides hot keys, auto-correct and type-ahead features for faster coding • Convenient bookmarks enable developers to easily jump between several areas of code • Multi-tabbed Procedure Editor and full-featured toolbar provides effortless editing and testing • Pop-up selectors for table names, column names and Oracle functions/keywords• Multiple objects can be compiled at once, and dependent objects are also compiled intelligently In addition, Toad’s editors are tightly integrated with the PL/SQL debugger modules, which enables you to test only specific areas of your procedure. Now you have the option of running only the current statement, running only statements following the cursor or running to the cursor. Toad also offers several different modeling functions. ER Diagram allows the viewing and printing of the objects in the DB. The Code RoadAPPLICATION MANAGEMENT DATABASE MANAGEMENT INFRASTRUC TURE MANAGEMENTToad® for OraclePROVEN DATABASE DEVELOPMENT TOOL INCREASES USER PRODUCTIVITY AND APPLICATION CODE QUALITY• C odeXpert analyzes stored procedures against a set of rules and provides detailed corrective recommendations • P rocedure Editor increases productivity with hot keys, auto correct, typeahead, syntax highlighting and version control for PL/SQL, Java and HTML • S QL Editor enables you to quickly test queries, view and edit data, and process DDL commands, all from an easy-to-use interface• F ast, multi-tabbed Schema Browser displays and manages all database objects graphically, with single-click access to object details, data and underlying DDL• P L/SQL Debugger module minimizes coding errors by allowing you to debug line-by-line, set breakpoints, watch/edit variables and more • D BA module allows you to manage space, administer security, compare and synchronize database schemas and more• X pert Tuning module improves SQL statements with Quest Software’s proven expert advice • A dvanced team coding features integrates with the leading version control systems, improving team coordination on large and complex projects.Toad® for OraclePROVEN DATABASE DEVELOPMENT TOOL INCREASES USER PRODUCTIVITY AND APPLICATION CODE QUALITYMap allows the viewing and printing of the objects in PL/SQL code. Toad also offers a SQL Modeler to providequick and easy query building. Simply drag and drop tables into SQL Modeler and it will automatically buildthe SQL statement.The easy-to-use, integrated environment enables you to specify query criteria, test the auto-generated SQLstatements, view the explain plans, see the query results, save the statements or copy them back into theeditor. Even if you are a novice user, with Toad’s SQL Modeler, you can quickly create complex queries like anOracle expert.Enhanced Version Control ManagementDevelopment team coordination is provided by Toad for Oracle’s Team Coding facilities. Team codingallows multiple developers to check out source code or database objects, effectively locking the codeand preventing overwrites. In addition, third party version control systems such as Merant PVCS,MicrosoftSourceSafe, Rational ClearCase and StarBase’Star Team, as well as many others, are all supported. For databaseschemas or objects under a version control system (VCS), Toad silently retrieves source code from the VCSrepository, does a quick compare to make sure the VCS code is current, and warns you if a newer version existson the database. You can be confident that Toad enforces proper change management procedures.PL/SQL DebuggerThe PL/SQL Debugger for Toad lets you code and debug the way you work — line-by-line and statement-by-statement — without having to change normal application execution or use cumbersome workarounds.With Toad’s PL/SQL Debugger, you can step through code one line at a time as it executes on the server. Setconditional breakpoints, watch and modify variables and view the execution stack. You can also attach toexternal application sessions to debug stored procedures as they are called from any client-server application.With Toad for Oracle you can avoid tedious PL/SQL debugging tasks while saving valuable time and improvingthe overall quality of applications.Quest DBA ModuleIncrease Toad for Oracle’s power and flexibility and automate day-to-day database administration with theQuest DBA module. The integrated DBA module provides a powerful browser based view of performanceinformation across multiple instances or databases and a well-rounded environment to handle common tasks.These include comparing and synchronizing database schemas, managing space, control files and redo logs,administering security, scheduling batch jobs and modifying NLS (National Language Support) parameters —all within Toad’s intuitive interface. The DBA module also includes Oracle import and export wizards, databasecreation wizard and provides a convenient interface to Oracle’s SQL*Loader utility, making both data loadingand unloading easy and efficient. This module also provides full create, alter, drop, etc. support for all DBA-managed objects via the easy-to-use Schema Browser interface.A P P L I C A T I O N M A N A G E M E N TD A T A B A SE M A N A G E M E N TI N F R A S T R U C T U R E M A N A G E M E N TXpert TuningAvailable in Toad ®for Oracle Xpert, the fully integrated Xpert Tuning module supplements Oracle tuning skills for developers,stepping up their application tuning capabilities. The Xpert Tuning module makes observations about a selected SQL statement and the underlying database environment, then recommends several options to improve performance. The AutoTune feature further automates the tuning process by generating the SQL rewrites that offer the highest likelihood of improving your SQL statement.Oracle E-Business ModuleThe Oracle E-Business Module improves the development efficiency throughout the lifecycle of Oracle E-Businessimplementation, development and troubleshooting. The integrated Oracle E-Business Module provides such capabilities as E-Business specific object browser capabilities, configurable reports, an activity monitor and unique lookup finder — all within Toad’s intuitive interface. These views into Oracle E-Business objects and activity reduce the required research time when developing new concurrent programs, adjusting menus and examining flexfields.Integration with Knowledge XpertsToad for Oracle features complete integration with both Knowledge Xpert ™ for PL/SQL and Knowledge Xpert ™ for Oracle Administration. The Knowledge Xperts are designed to fully anticipate the daily responsibilities of both developers and DBAs. The new Database Analysis feature studies your database and delivers technical content that is customized for your database environment. Over 4,500 topics are instantly accessible and include insights, diagrams and examples written by a host of respected industry authors and experts. Using these resources, you can now instantly answer 70-80 percent of your daily Oracle technical questions.Toad® for Oracle ConfigurationsToad is available in the following configurations:• Toad ® for Oracle — Provides the foundation and basic tools for Oracle professionals to create and execute queries, aswell as build and manage database objects. You’ll benefit from the formatting feature, enhanced user interface and alsohave support for SQL Plus. This edition enables you to plug into Toad for Oracle’s added utilities.• Toad ® for Oracle Professional — (includes all features of Toad® for Oracle with integrated debugging, PL/SQL knowledge base and code profiling) Developing PL/SQL code is a lengthy process, requiring a great deal of accuracy. Toad® for Oracle Professional features an expert code review which effortlessly integrates into Toad for Oracle’s Procedure Editor - analyzing stored procedures against a set of rules which means you’ll receive detailed, corrective recommendations.• Toad® for Oracle Xpert — (includes all features of Toad® for Oracle Professional with integrated SQL Tuning and SQL & PL/SQL Optimization scanning via CodeXpert) Are you looking for a way to make the chore of tuning SQL code easier and less time-consuming? Toad® for Oracle Xpert can simplify this task by identifying potential performance limiting factors. We’ve also equipped you with the power of an enhanced SQL Tuning component that is sure to shorten tuning time for developers, DBAs and analysts.System RequirementsClient• Pentium PC or higher • Windows 2000/NT/XP/2003• 256 MB RAM• 44 MB disk space/100 MB for Xpert Edition• O racle SQL Net, Net 8 (32-bit only) or Net 9• V GA monitor with display capabilities of at least 1024 x 768 resolution Server• O racle versions 7.3.4; 8.0.6; 8.1.7; 9i; 9r2; and 10g • Any hardware platform• Toad® for Oracle Suite — The Toad® for Oracle Suite equips you with all the features andfunctionality found in Toad® for Oracle Xpert plus a built-in array of tools to radically improve the way Oracle professionals develop code and build and maintain database objects. • DBA Module• Knowledge Xpert™ for Oracle Administration • Knowledge Xpert™ for PL/SQL • DataFactory® Developer Edition • Benchmark Factory® for Databases• QDesigner™ PhysicalArchitectThis complete development suite provides all the tools necessary to design, develop, test and manage your database.Comprehensive Development & Deployment SolutionToad for Oracle is one element of Quest Software’s complete database development and deployment solutions, enabling you to build, develop, test and deploy applications faster.Download a free trialFor more information on Toad, go to /toad to download a free 30-day trial.About Quest Software, Inc.Quest Software, Inc. delivers innovative products that help organizations get more performance and productivity from their applications, databases and infrastructure. Through a deep expertise in IToperations and a continued focus on what works best, Quest helps more than 18,000 customers worldwide meet higher expectations for enterprise IT. Quest Software can be found in offices around the globe and at .Toad® for OraclePROVEN DATABASE DEVELOPMENT TOOL INCREASES USER PRODUCTIVITY AND APPLICATION CODE QUALITY©2005 Quest Software, Inc.All rights reserved. Quest and Toad are registered trademarks of Quest Software. SQL Impact is a trademark of Quest Software. All other brand or product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective owners.TOAD_ORA_86_DBM_102705Please refer to our Web sitefor regional and internationaloffice information.。
中日电脑用语
ＡＡＳＣＩＩ码アスキーコード【ASCII code】安全セキュリティ【security】安全漏洞セキュリティホール【security hole】安装インストールする【install】B百万像素《単位》メガピクセル＝〔兆像素〕【mega-pixel】斑竹（俗に）ＢＢＳの管理人＝〔版主〕版本バージョン【version】板卡ボード・カード類版権著作権；コピーライト【copyright】辧公自動化オフィスオートメーション；ＯＡ化【Office Automation】半角/全角切換按紐半角/全角切り替えキー半角字符半角文字【single-byte charactor】半双工半二重（通信方式）幇助ヘルプ【help】保存保存する；上書き保存する【save】保護プロテクトする備份バックアップ；バックアップする【backup】…倍速…倍速貝塔版β（ベータ）版“奔騰” ≪商標≫「ペンティアム」【Pentium】本地ローカル【local】本地化ローカライズ【localize】筆記本電脳ノートパソコン【notebook computer； notebook】壁紙壁紙【wallpaper】編程プログラミングする編程語言プログラム言語編輯器エディタ【editor】編碼エンコード【encode】編写作成する【make file】編訳コンパイル【compile】編訳程序コンパイラ【compiler】便携機携帯型パソコン【portable computer】変種亜種【varieties】標記タグ【tag】标签タブ【tab】標題欄タイトルバー【title bar】標識符ＩＤ番号【IDentification number】併口パラレルポート【parallel port】併行口パラレルポート【parallel port】病毒ウィルス【virus；computer virus】波分復用技術波長分割多重(ＷＤＭ)技術【Wavelength Division Multiplexing】撥号上網ダイヤルアップ接続（する）【dial-up connection】撥号網絡ダイヤルアップネットワーク【dial-up network】波特《単位》ｂｐｓ【baud】博客ブログ【weblog； blog】補丁パッチ【patch】捕捉キャプチャー【capture】CＣＤ光盤ＣＤ－ＲＯＭ【Compact Disc Read-Only Memory】ＣＤ碟片ＣＤ－ＲＯＭ【Compact Disc Read-Only Memory】ＣＤ盤片ＣＤ－ＲＯＭ【Compact Disc Read-Only Memory】ＣＤ光駆ＣＤ－ＲＯＭドライブ【CD-ROM drive】ＣＤ－Ｒ光盤ＣＤ－Ｒディスク【CD Recordable】ＣＤ－ＲＷ光盤ＣＤ－ＲＷディスク【CD ReWritable】ＣＦ卡コンパクトフラッシュ【compact flash】compact flash卡コンパクトフラッシュ【compact flash】擦除削除する【erase】財務軟件財務会計ソフト【accounting software】彩色噴墨打印機カラーインクジェットプリンタ彩色顕示器カラーディスプレイ【color display】彩顕カラーディスプレイ【color display】菜単メニュー菜単欄メニューバー操作系統ＯＳ【Operating System】測試版テスト版；βテスト版【βversion】挿槽スロット【slot】挿件プラグイン挿入挿入する【insert】挿入鍵挿入キー；インサートキー【insert key】挿座ソケット【socket】常見問題ＦＡＱ【Frequently Asked Questions】常駐程序常駐プログラム【Runtime Program】抄送カーボンコピー【carbon copy】超級鏈接ハイパーリンク超級一線通（俗に）ＡＤＳＬ超鏈接ハイパーリンク超媒体ハイパーメディア超頻オーバークロック；クロックアップ【over clock；clock up】超文本ハイパーテキスト超文本標記語言ＨＴＭＬ超文本伝輸協議 http車載盒車載機撤消元に戻す；アンドゥー【undo】程序プログラム【program】程序庫ライブラリ【library】程序設計プログラミング【programming】程序語言プログラム言語【programming language】程序員プログラマー【programmer】城域網メトロポリタン・エリア・ネットワーク【Metropolitan Area Network；ＭＡＮ】沖浪ネットサーフィン重啓再起動する；リブート＝〔重新啓動〕【reboot】重新啓動再起動する【reboot】重做やり直し【redo】臭虫（俗に）バグ【bug】＝〔錯誤〕初始化初期化（する）【initialize】除錯デバッグ【debugging】＝〔糾錯〕処理器プロセッサ；ＣＰＵ【processor】触筆タッチペン【touch pen】触模板タッチパッド【touch pad】触模屏タッチパネル【touch panel】；タッチスクリーン【touch screen】伝輸伝送する【transmission；transfer】伝送転送する【transmission；transfer】伝真ファックス【facsimile； FAX】串口シリアルポート【serial port】串行口シリアルポート【serial port】窓口ウィンドウ【window】創建新規作成する【make file】詞庫辞書【dictionary】磁道トラック【track】磁光盤ＭＯ【Magnet Optical disk】磁光盤駆動器ＭＯドライブ【MO drive】磁盤ディスク【disk】磁盤操作系統ＤＯＳ【Disk Operating System】磁盤容量ディスク容量【disk capacity】磁盤掃描スキャンディスク【scandisk】磁盤砕片整理ハードディスクの最適化ＣＯＭＢＯ光駆コンボ・ドライブ【combo drive】ＣＲＴ顕示器ＣＲＴディスプレイ【CRT display】簇クラスタ【bad cluster】存儲介質記憶媒体【storage medium】存儲器記憶装置；メモリ【storage；memory】存儲容量記憶容量【memory capacity】存取（記憶装置などへ）アクセスする【access】錯誤 (1)エラー【error】(2)バグ【bug】錯誤信息エラーメッセージ【error message】H漢化版中国語版【chinese edition】行業標準デファクトスタンダード【de facto standard】耗材消耗品【expendables】赫≪単位≫ヘルツ【hertz】黒客ハッカー黒体太字体（ボールド，ゴシック）黒匣子ブラックボックス【black box】横幅広告バナー広告＝〔広告条〕宏マクロ紅外接口赤外線ポート【infrared communication port】后綴拡張子＝〔拡展名〕【extension】互動インタラクティブ【interactive】呼機ポケベル互聯網インターネット＝〔国際互聯網〕【Internet】忽略無視する【ignore】“画図”程序ペイント環球網ＷＷＷ，ワールドワイドウェッブ【World Wide Web】（窓口的）還原按鈕元のサイズに戻すボタン【resize button】緩存キャッシュメモリ＝〔高速緩存〕【cache memory】緩沖バッファ換档鍵シフトキー【shift key】恢復光盤リカバリーＣＤ【recovery CD】灰階グレイスケール【gray scale】回車エンターキーを押す【press the Enter button】回車鍵エンターキー【enter key】回復郵件メールの返信【reply】回収站ごみ箱【trash box】匯編程序アセンブラ【assembler】匯編語言アセンブリ言語【assembly language】絵画軟件ペイントソフト【painting software】絵図軟件ドローソフト【drawing software】活動窓口アクティブ・ウィンドウ【active window】活動卓面アクティブ・デスクトップ【active desktop】ＩＩＤ号ＩＤ番号【IDentification number】ＩＰ地址ＩＰアドレス【IP address】ＩＥ瀏覧器「ＩＥ」；「インターネット・エクスプローラ」《商標》【Internet Explorer】ＩＰ電話インターネット電話【internet phone】ｉ模式ｉモード【 i mode】JＪＰＥＧ図像ＪＰＥＧ画像【JPEG image】基本輸入/輸出系統ＢＩＯＳ基地站ベースステーション【base station】機頂盒セットトップボックス【settop box】激光打印機レーザープリンター【laser printer】激活アクティブにする【activate】機架ベイ奇偶校験パリティチェック【parity check】機箱ケース；筐体【case】基準測試ベンチマークテスト【benchmark test】吉《単位》ギガ【giga；Ｇ】即挿即用プラグアンドプレイ集線器Ｈｕｂ記事本メモ帳【notepad】技術支持中心テクニカルサポートセンター【technical support center】記数器カウンター＝〔訪問計数器〕【counter】計算機コンピュータ；パソコン＝〔電脳〕計算機2000年問題コンピューター２０００年問題＝〔千年虫〕計算機輔助設計ＣＡＤ【Computer Aided Design】計算機輔助教学ＣＡＩ【Computer Assisted Instruction】記憶棒「メモリー・スティック」《商標》記憶卡適配器カードアダプタ【card adapter】加密暗号化【encryption】加速卡＝〔図形加速卡〕解碼器デコーダ【decoder】家庭版ホームエディション【home edition】家庭影院ホームシアター【home theater】兼容機 (1)互換機【compatible machine】(2)自作機【DIY PC】兼容性互換性【compatibility】簡化超文本標記語言ＣＨＴＭＬ剪切切り取り【cut】剪貼カット・アンド・ペーストする【cut and paste】剪貼板クリップボード【clip-board】剪貼画クリップアート【clip art】間諜軟件スパイウエア【spyware】建立作成する【make file】鍵盤キーボード【keyboard】鍵入キー入力する【key-in】監視器モニター【monitor】降序降順【descending order】交替鍵オルト(Alt)キー【Alt key】脚本スクリプト【script】脚注フッター【footer】接口インタフェース【interface】接入（回線などに）アクセスする【access】接入点アクセスポイント【access point】節点ノード解決方案ソリューション【solution】解碼器デコーダ【decoder】解密復号化（する）；解読（する）【decryption】解圧解凍する【depression】界面インターフェース【interface】進紙器シートフィーダー【sheet feeder】警告声ビープ音【beep sound】鏡像站ミラーサイト【mirror site】糾錯デバッグ【debug】局域網ＬＡＮ【Local Area Network】居中センタリング【centering】角色扮演遊戯ロールプレイングゲーム【role-playing game】K開関スイッチ【switch】開機（マシンの）電源を入れる開始按鈕スタートボタン【start button】開始菜単スタートメニュー【start menu】拷貝コピー【copy】可録光盤ＣＤ-Ｒ【CD Recordable】可擦写光盤ＣＤ－ＲＷ【CD ReWritable】可拡展性拡張性【extendability】可視電話テレビ電話【video phone】可移動磁盤リムーバブルディスク【removable disk】可用磁盤空間ディスクの空き領域【remaining capacity?】可執行文件実行ファイル【executable program】客戸端クライアント【client】刻録機ＣＤ－Ｒ/ＲＷレコーダー【CD-RW recoder】＝〔光盤刻録機〕空格鍵スペースキー【space key】空間空き領域【empty area?】空閑時間アイドルタイム【idle time】控制鍵コントロールキー【control key】控制面板コントロールパネル【control panels】口袋電脳ポケットＰＣ【pocket PC】口令パスワード【password】酷站クールサイト【cool site】快捷（方式）ショートカット【shortcut】快捷鍵ショートカットキー【shortcut key】快捷図標ショートカットアイコン【shortcut icon】寛帯ブロードバンド【broadband】寛帯網ブロードバンド・ネットワーク【broadband network】寛網ブロードバンド・ネットワーク【broadband network】框架 (webページの）フレーム【frame】梱「糸邦」軟件バンドル・ソフト【bundled software】拡展槽拡張スロット【extended slot】拡展名拡張名＝〔后綴〕【extension】L垃圾郵件スパム【SPAM】藍牙ブルートゥース【Blue Tooth】“雷鳥” 「サンダーバード」【Thunderbird】離線オフライン【offline】锂 (離子)電池リチウム（イオン）電池立式機箱タワーケース【tower case】聯合撮影専家組ＪＰＥＧ【Joint Photographic Experts Group】連接接続【access】聯機オンライン【online】鏈接リンク【link】脸譜顔文字【face mark】聊天チャット【chat】另存為名前をつけて保存する【save as】流ストリーム【stream】流播放ストリーミング；ストリーム再生【streaming】流程図フローチャート【flowchart】瀏覧器ブラウザ【browser】留言板メッセージボード【message board】log日誌ログ【log】路径パス【path】路由器ルータ【router】濾波器フィルター【filter】濾鏡フィルター【filter】乱碼文字化け【illegal character】輪廓字体アウトラインフォント【outline font】論壇フォーラム【forum】MＭＯ盤片ＭＯディスク【Magnet Optical disk】ＭＰ３播放器ＭＰ３プレーヤー【MP3(Mpeg Audio Layer3) player】脈衝パルス“麦金塔” 《商標》「マッキントッシュ」漫遊ローミング【roaming】盲打タッチタイピング【touch typing】猫モデム（俗称）媒体メディア美国信息互換標準代码ＡＳＣＩＩ【American Standard Code for Information Interchange】門戸網站ポータルサイト門戸站点ポータルサイト密集波分復用技術高密度波長分割多重技術【Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing；ＤＷＤＭ】密件抄送ブラインド・カーボンコピー密碼パスワード【password】免費軟件フリーソフト；フリーウェア【free software；freeware】命令コマンド【comand】模糊ファジー【fuzzy】模糊匹配検索あいまい検索【fuzzy matching】模塊モジュール【module】模擬アナログ【analog】墨帯インクリボン＝〔色帯〕【ink ribbon】墨粉トナー【toner】墨盒インクカートリッジ【ink cartridge】黙認デフォルト【default】目標盤オブジェクトディスク目録ディレクトリ【directory】N内部網イントラネット【intranet】内蔵内蔵【internal】内存メモリ【memory】内容コンテンツ【contents】内置内蔵【internal】昵称ハンドルネーム【nickname；handle】PＰＣ機 (1)パソコン(2)IBM-PC互換機ＰＯＰ郵件ＰＯＰ（ポップ）メール排序ソート【sort】盤符ドライブ名【drive name】噴墨打印机インクジェットプリンタ【ink-jet printer】批処理バッチ処理【batch processing】批文件バッチファイル【batch file】拼写検査スペルチェック【spell checking】拼写検査工具スペルチェッカー【spell checker】品牌機メーカー製パソコン【brand computer】平台プラットホーム苹果機アップル・マシン；「マック」“苹果機操作系統” 《商標》マックＯＳ屏保スクリーン・セーバー＝〔屏幕保護程序〕【screen saver】屏幕スクリーン【screen】屏幕保護程序スクリーンセーバー【screen saver】普及計算ユビキタスコンピューティング【ubiquitous computing】Q旗幟広告バナー広告＝〔広告条〕企業内部網イントラネット【intranet】啓動起動する；立ち上げる；スタートアップ；ブート【startup】【boot】啓動盤起動ディスク【startup disk】汽車導航系統カーナビ【car navigetion system】卡紙紙詰まり千≪単位≫キロ【kilo；Ｋ】千年虫２０００年問題千兆≪単位≫ギガ【giga；Ｇ】墻紙壁紙【wallpaper】駆動程序ドライバ【driver】駆動器ドライブ【drive】取消取り消し；キャンセルする【cancel】全角字符全角文字【double-byte charactor 】全拼輸入ピンイン入力全球定位系統全地球測位システム；ＧＰＳ【Global Positioning System】全双工全二重（通信方式）缺省デフォルト【default】確定ＯＫR熱鍵ホットキー；ショートカットキー熱転印打印機熱転写式プリンタ熱敏式打印機感熱式プリンタ【thermal printer】人工智能ＡＩ；人工知能【Artificial Intelligence】任務欄タスクバー【task bar】認証認証【certification】日誌 (1)ログ【log】(2)ブログ＝〔網絡日誌〕【weblog； blog】日誌文件ログファイル【log file】容量容量【capacity】蠕虫ワーム【worm】入侵者クラッカー【cracker】軟件ソフトウェア；ソフト【software】軟件包パッケージ・ソフトウェア【package software】軟解圧ソフト解凍？軟盤フロッピーディスク【floppy disk】軟盤駆動器フロッピーディスクドライブ【floppy disk drive；ＦＤＤ】軟駆＝〔軟盤駆動器〕“賽揚” セレロン【Celeron】S３Ｇ手機第三世代携帯電話【the third generation cellular phone】三維図象３Ｄ画像【three Dimension image】散熱片放熱板【thermal plate】掃描スキャン【scan】掃描儀スキャナー【scanner】色帯インクリボン殺毒軟件ワクチンソフト；アンチウィルスソフト【vaccine software；antivirus software】【antivirus software】刪除削除する【delete】刪除鍵削除キー；デリートキー【delete key】閃存フラッシュメモリ【flash memory】閃存卡フラッシュカード【flash card】閃卡フラッシュカード【flash card】閃存盤フラッシュディスク【flash disk】閃盤フラッシュディスク【flash disk】扇区セクター【sector】上傳アップロードする上網インターネットにアクセスする【access】上網終端インターネット（専用）端末上一頁鍵前頁キー【pageup key】上載アップロードする【upload】設備デバイス【device】設備管理器デバイスマネージャー【device manager】設備駆動程序デバイスドライバ【device driver】撮像頭カメラヘッド設置設定する；セットアップする【setup】昇級アップグレードする【upgrade】；バージョンアップする【version up】生物認証バイオメトリクス【biometrics】昇序昇順【ascending order】声卡サウンドカード【sound card】声覇卡「サウンド・ブラスター」《商標》【Sound Blaster】；サウンドカード省電模式省電力モード；サスペンドモード【suspend mode】剰余容量残り容量【remaining capacity】識別号ＩＤ番号【IDentification number】実時リアルタイム【real time】実用程序ユーティリティ【utilities】時鐘頻率クロック周波数【clock frequency】矢量ベクトル“視窓”≪商標≫「ウィンドウズ」視頻卡＝〔視頻補捉卡〕視頻補捉卡ビデオ・キャプチャー・ボード視頻点播ビデオ・オン・デマンド【video-on-demand】視頻会議ビデオ会議；テレビ会議適配器アダプタ【adapter】事実（上的）標準デファクトスタンダード【de facto standard】収蔵夾お気に入り＝〔個人収蔵夾〕【my favorite】収件箱受信箱；インボックス手持電脳ハンドヘルドパソコン【handheld PC】手持設備標記語言ＨＤＭＬ手機携帯電話【cellular phone】手機鈴声携帯の着メロ手機上網携帯でインターネット手写板タブレット【tablet】手写筆タブレット用のペン；電子ペン【electronic pen】手写輸入手書き入力【freehand input】首頁トップページ；ホームページ（表紙ページ）【top page】書簽ブックマーク【bookmark】輸出（1)出力する；アウトプットする【output】(2)輸入入力する; インプットする属性プロパティ鼠標マウス鼠標垫マウスパッド樹状結構ツリー構造数碼撮像機デジタルビデオカメラ【digital camcorders】数碼相機デジタルカメラ【digital camera】数字高清（晰度）電視デジタルハイビジョン・テレビ【Digital Hi-Vision TV】数字広播デジタル放送【digital broadcasting】数字鴻溝デジタル・デバイド【digital divide】数字化デジタル化【digitalize】数字家電デジタル家電【digital household appliances】数字鍵盤テンキー【ten key】＝〔小鍵盤〕数字視盤ＤＶＤ；ＶＣＤ数字用戸線路ＤＳＬ数据データ【data】数据包パケット【packet】数据庫データベース【database】双工全二重通信方式【full duplex communication】双撃ダブルクリック【double click】⇔〔単撃〕双頻デュアルバンド【dual band】睡眠模式スリープモード【sleep mode】死機ハングアップ；フリーズboardeeze】送紙器シートフィーダー【sheet feeder】捜索引擎サーチエンジン【search engine】…速…倍速＝〔…倍速〕算法アルゴリズム【algorithm】随機存儲器ＲＡＭ【Random Access Memory】砕片整理デフラグ；ハードディスクの最適化【defragmentation】縮略図サムネイル【thumnail】TTab鍵タブキー【tab key】台式機デスクトップパソコン【desktop PC】太（拉）テラ《単位》【tera；Ｔ】弾出按鈕イジェクトボタン【eject button】弾出菜単ポップアップメニュー弾出窓口ポップアップウィンドウ“探検家”瀏覧器「インターネット・エクスプローラ」《商標》【Internet Explorer；ＩＥ】特洛伊木馬トロイの木馬【Trojan Horse】提示メッセージ【message】提示符プロンプト添加/刪除程序アプリケーションの追加と削除条形碼バーコード調色板パレット調試デバッグ【debug】調制解調器モデム【modem】跳線ジャンパー【jumper】帖子書き込み【writing】停止鍵ポーズキー通配符ワイルドカード通信頻道通信回線【channel】通信速率通信速度【transmission rate】通用字元ワイルドカード【wild card】同軸電纜同軸ケーブル【coax】統一码ユニコード【unicode】統一資源定位符ＵＲＬ【Uniform Resource Locator】透明化透化【transparent】図標アイコン【icon】図層レイヤー【layer】図像画像【image】図像処理軟件画像処理ソフト【image processing software】図像地図イメージマップ【image map】図形卡＝〔図形加速卡〕図形加速卡グラフィック・アクセラレータ【graphics accelerator】図形交換格式ＧＩＦ（ジフ）【Graphics Interchange Format】図形用戸界面グラフィカル・ユーザー・インタフェース; ＧＵＩ【Graphical User Interface】退格鍵バックスペースキー【back space key】退出ログアウト（する）；エスケープ退出鍵エスケープキー【escape key】拖放ドラッグ・アンド・ドロップ（する）【drag and drop】拖動ドラッグする【drag】拖曳ドラッグする【drag】脱機オフライン【offline】拓扑結構トポロジー【topology】UＵ盤ＵＳＢフラッシュディスクＵＳＢ接口ＵＳＢポート【USB port】VＶＣＤ光盤ＶＣＤ【video compact disc】ＶＣＤ碟片ＶＣＤ【video compact disc】ＶＣＤ盤片ＶＣＤ【video compact disc】WＷＡＰ手機モバイル端末；ウェッブ端末用の携帯電話外設＝〔外囲設備〕外囲設備周辺装置【peripheral equipment】外置外付け【external】万維網ＷＷＷ，ワールドワイドウェッブ【World Wide Web】万用字元ワイルドカード【wild card】網吧ネットカフェ【cybercafe】網虫インターネット・フリーク（ヘビーユーザー）網関ゲートウェイ【gateway】網際空間サイバースペース【cyber space】網卡ＬＡＮカード【LAN card】網絡ネット；インターネット網絡服務商プロバイダ；インターネット・サービスプロバイダ（ＩＳＰ）網絡可視化ネットワーク可視化網絡礼節ネチケット網絡礼儀ネチケット網絡日誌ブログ【weblog； blog】網絡運営商プロバイダ；インターネット・サービスプロバイダ（ＩＳＰ）網民ネチズン；ネット・シチズン網上オンライン【online】網上沖浪ネットサーフィン網上購物オンラインショッピング【online shopping】網上交易オンライン取引【online trade】網上礼節ネチケット網上隣居ネットワークコンピュータ網上漫遊ネットサーフィン網上書店ネット書店；オンライン書店網頁ウェッブページ【web page】網站ウェッブサイト；サイト＝〔站点〕【web site】網站地図サイトマップ【site map】網址ホームページ・アドレス；ＵＲＬ微機パソコン維修修理；トラブルシューティング委外服務アウトソーシング【out-sourcing】位≪単位≫ビット位／秒≪単位≫ｂｐｓ位図ビットマップ文本テキスト【text】文本文件テキストファイル【text file】文档ドキュメント【document】文件ファイル【file】文件伝輸協議ＦＴＰ【File Transfer Protocol】文件夾フォルダ【folder】問題解答トラブルシューティング【trouble shooting】我的電脳マイコンピュータ無所不在ユビキタス【ubiquitous】無所不在的網絡ユビキタスネットワーク【ubiquitous network】無線局域網無線ＬＡＮ無限上網常時接続【unlimited access】無線網卡無線ＬＡＮカードX「石夕」谷＝〔硅谷〕膝上機ラップトップ・パソコン系統システム【system】系統操作員シスオペ（システム・オペレーター）【system operator】系統工程師システムエンジニア【system engineer】系統管理員シスアド（システム・アドミニストレーター）【system administrator】下拉菜単プルダウン・メニュー【pulldown menu】下一歩次へ【next】下一頁鍵次頁キー【page down key】下載ダウンロードする【download; DL】顕卡ビデオカード顕示卡ビデオカード顕示器ディスプレイ【display】線程スレッド【thread】線上オンライン【online】現用文件アクティブファイル【active file】向導ウィザード項目アイテム【item】項目経理プロジェクトマネージャー【project manager】像素画素；ピクセル【pixel】小程序アプレット【applet】小鍵盤テンキー【ten key】＝〔数字鍵盤〕小霊通ＰＨＳ小甜餅（俗に）クッキー【cookie】協議プロトコル斜体斜体（イタリック）【italic】写保護ライトプロテクト【write protect】写字板ワードパッド【wordpad】卸載アンインストールする【uninstall】芯片チップ芯片組チップセット新建新規作成する【make file】新聞組ニュースグループ【newsgroups】信道チャネル【channel】信息情報【information】信息包パケット【packet】信息高速公路情報スーパーハイウェイ（全米情報インフラストラクチャ）【information super-highway】信息技術ＩＴ【Information Technology】信息家電情報家電【information household appliances】信息社会情報社会信息素養情報リテラシー【information literacy】信箱メールボックス【mail box】星号アステリスク【asterisk】性価比価格性能比；コストパフォーマンス【cost performance】性能パフォーマンス【performance】虚擬仮想；バーチャル【virtual】虚擬内存仮想メモリー【virtual memory】虚擬盤仮想ディスク【virtual disk】虚擬社区バーチャルコミュニティ【virtual community】虚擬現実バーチャルリアリティー【virtual reality】虚擬現実模型語言ＶＲＭＬ許可ライセンス【license】渲染レンダリング【rendering】選項オプション【option】尋呼機ポケベル迅馳「セントリーノ」《商標》【Centrino】Y雅虎≪商標≫Yahoo!圧縮圧縮【compress】頁脚フッター（WORD) 【footer】頁眉ヘッダー【header】頁首ページのトップ【page top】液晶顕示器液晶ディスプレイ伊妹儿ｅメール移動辧公モバイルオフィス【mobile office】移動電話携帯電話移動計算モバイル・コンピューティング【mobile computing】移動上網モバイル・インターネット移動通信モバイル通信移動英特尓《商標》「モバイルインテル」【Mobil Intel】移動硬盤モバイルディスク【mobile disk】移動終端モバイル端末移位鍵移動キー一線通（俗に）ＩＳＤＮ以太網イーサネット【Ethernet】異歩数字用戸線路ＡＤＳＬ陰極射線管ＣＲＴ【Cathode-Ray Tube】音頻トーン【tone】因特網インターネット【Internet】＝〔互聯網〕音箱スピーカー【speaker】隠蔵文件隠しファイル【hidden file】隠含文件隠しファイル【hidden file】引用（通告）トラックバック【trackback】英特尓《商標》「インテル」【Intel】影碟機ＤＶＤ・ＶＣＤプレーヤー応用軟件アプリケーション（ソフト）【application software】硬件ハードウェア；ハード【hardware】硬拷貝ハードコピー【hard disk】硬盤ハードディスク【hard copy】用戸代号ユーザーＩＤ【user ＩＤ】用戸登録ユーザー登録【user registration】用戸ＩＤユーザーＩＤ【user ＩＤ】用戸界面ユーザーインタフェース【user interface】用戸名ユーザー名【user name】用戸支持中心ユーザーサポートセンター用戸注冊ユーザー登録【user registration】優化最適化【optimization】優盤《商標》ＵＳＢフラッシュディスク【Only Disk《商標》】郵件程序メールソフト；メーラー【mail software；mailer】郵件処理協議ＰＯＰ郵件到達通知メール着信通知郵件地址メールアドレス【mail address】郵件服務器メールサーバー【mail server】郵件列表メーリングリスト【mailing list】郵件軟件メールソフト；メーラー【mail software；mailer】郵件雑誌メールマガジン【e-magazine，e-mail magazine】郵件炸弾メール爆弾【mail bomb】郵件帳号メールアカウント【mail account】遊戯ゲーム【game】遊戯桿ジョイスティック【joy stick】遊戯機ゲーム機【game machine】遊戯揺桿ジョイスティック【joy stick】有線電視ケーブルテレビ；ＣＡＴＶ【cable television】右撃右クリック（する）【right click】右鍵（マウスの）右ボタン【right mouse button】右鍵菜単右クリックメニュー【right click menu】語音輸入音声入力【voice input】語音郵件ボイスメール【voice mail】預覧プレビュー預装プレインストール域名ドメイン名【dmain name】域名系統ＤＮＳ楽器数字接口ＭＩＤＩ源程序ソースプログラム【source program】源代码ソースコード【source code】遠程登録ｔｅｌｎｅｔ遠程教学遠隔教育；オンライントレーニング【distance education ； distance learning】遠程医療遠隔医療【distance medical care】運営商プロバイダ；インターネット・サービスプロバイダ（ＩＳＰ）＝〔網絡運営商〕Z載波キャリア【carrier】在線オンライン【online】在線服務オンラインサービス【online service】在線商店オンラインショップ【online shop】窄帯ナローバンド【narrowband】窄網ナローバンド（ネットワーク）【narrowband network】粘貼張り付け；ペースト【paste】站点サイト＝〔網站〕【site】站点地図サイトマップ【site map】站長ウェッブマスター掌上電脳パームトップ・パソコン【palmtop PC】帳号アカウント【account】兆《単位》メガ【Mega；Ｍ】兆字節《単位》メガバイト【Mega-Byte；ＭＢ】兆像素《単位》メガピクセル＝〔百万像素〕【mega-pixel】照片処理軟件フォトレタッチソフト遮罩マスク幀フレーム振動（携帯の）バイブ陣列盤ディスクアレイ【disk array】正版正規版正品純正品支持サポートする【support】支持中心サポートセンター【support center】知識産権知的所有権只読存儲器読み出し専用メモリ；ＲＯＭ【Read-Only Memory】只読光盤ＣＤ－ＲＯＭ只読（属性）リードオンリー【read-only】指針ポインター【pointer】制表鍵タブキー智能交通系統高度道路交通システム；ＩＴＳ【Intelligent Transport System】中断ＩＲＱ【Interrupt ReQuest】中央処理器ＣＰＵ【Central Processing Unit】終端端末；ターミナル終端適配器ターミナルアダプタ主板マザーボード主幹網バックボーン主機ホストコンピュータ主頁ホームページ（主に表紙のページ）注冊ログインする【login； register】注冊表レジストリ【registry】JAVA語言ＪＡＶＡ専線専用線【private line】転発郵件メールの転送【forward】転換コンバート【convert】転換器コンバータ【converter】転接器カードアダプタ【card adapter】状態欄ステータスバー【status bar】卓面デスクトップ【desktop PC】資源リソース【resource】資源管理器エクスプローラ【explorer】字処理軟件ワープロソフト【word processor software】自動更正オートコレクト【auto correct】自動送紙器〔進紙器〕オートシートフィーダー【auto sheet feeder】字符キャラクター【character】字符串文字列【string】字節≪単位≫バイト【byte】自解文件自己解凍ファイル【self-extracting file】字体書体；フォント【font】自述文件リードミー・ファイル【readme file】綜合業務数字網ＩＳＤＮ【Integrated Services Digital Network】総線バス【bus】組合光駆コンボドライブ【combo drive】最大化按鈕最大化ボタン【maximize button】最小化按鈕最小化ボタン【minimize button】最終用戸エンドユーザー【end user】左撃左クリック（する）【left click】左鍵（マウスの）左ボタン座機固定電話。
词典学术语(修订版)
词典学术语abbreviation 缩略语abbreviative notation 缩略标记abridged 删节的，未足本的abridged dictionary节本词典abridgement 删节，节本absolute equivalent 绝对对应词absolute synonym 绝对同义词abusage 滥用abusive language 辱骂语academic dictionary 学术词典academic lexicography 学术词典学academy dictionary 学院词典accent mark 重音号acceptability 接受性acceptability rating 接受等级access alphabet 检索字母表access point 检索项access structure 检索结构acknowledges 致谢项acrolect 上层方言acronym 首字母缩略词active dictionary 积极词典，主动性词典active vocabulary 积极词汇adjectival noun 形容词性名词adjective complement 形容词性补语adjective compound 复合形容词adjunct 附加性副词adnominal 名词修饰语advanced searches 高级搜索affix 词缀affixation 词缀法，词缀词agglutinative language 黏着型语言alien word 外来词allomorph 语素变体allophone 音位变体allusion 典故alphabetic arrangement 字母顺序排列alphabetic order 字母顺序alphabetic sequence 字母顺序alphabetic writing 字母文字，拼音文字alphabetization 按字母顺序排列alphanumeric combination字母数字组合词alphapedia 字顺百科alternative lexicography 另类词典学ambiguity 歧义ambilogy 双关语amelioration of meaning 词义的扬升Americanism 美国词语，美式英语Ampersand &号（=and）analogical dictionary 类义词典analytic definition 分析式释义analytic language 分析型语言analytical ordering 分析排列angle brackets 尖括号animate noun 生物名词，动物名词anisomorphism 语言差异性antedating 早于已摘录文献的引语anthroponymy 人名学antidictionary 反动词典appendix 附录appreciative 赞赏的，褒义的appropriateness 得体性，适切性approximative equivalent 近义对等词arch 弓形符（即︵）archaic word 古词archaism 古体，古语archaizing dictionary 仿古词典archeography 古文献学archive 引语档案areal linguistics 区域语言学argot 黑话arrow 箭号article 词条，条目artificial language 人工语言asserted meaning 陈述意义association 联想association by contiguity 相邻联想association by contrast 对比联想association by similarity 类似联想association group 联想词群associational word 联想词associative meaning 联想意义asterisk 星号（*）at 单价号（@）attestation isolee 个别使用attributive adjective 修饰性形容词authentic example 真确性例证authentication 求证authenticity 真实性author dictionary 独编词典author’s dictionary 作家词典automatic lemmatization 自动归目automatic lexicography 自动词典学autosemantic word 自义词auxiliary verb 助动词back clipping 截尾缩略back matter 附录部分，后文back matter structure 附录结构back page material 后页材料back-formation 逆构词法backward dictionary 逆序词典，倒排词典barbarism 不纯正的词语，粗野语base 词基，词根base structure 基础结构base word 词目base-repeating 词根重叠释义法basic searches 基本搜索basic sense 基本义项basic vocabulary基本词汇basic word stock 基本词汇bias word 倾向性词语bias-free vocabulary 无偏见词汇biblical expression 圣经词语bibliography书目；目录学bidirectional dictionary 双向双语词典bifunctional dictionary 双功能词典big dictionary 大型词典bilingual dictionary 双语词典bilingual edition双解本，双解版bilingual learner’s dictionary双语学习词典bilingual lexicography双语词典学bilingual thesaurus 双语分类词典bilingualized dictionary双解词典biographical dictionary人名词典biographical entry人名条目biographical lexicography 人名词典学biographical sources传记资料blend 混成词，拼缀词blending 混成法，拼缀法；拼缀词bogey怪字bold-faced type 黑体字borrowed word 外借词borrowing 借词bound equivalent局限对应词bound form 黏附形式bound morpheme黏着词素bound root 黏着词根braces大括号brackets 方括号breve 短音符bridge dictionary桥接词典British National Corpus 英国国家语料库broad notation 宽式标音法broad transcription 宽式音标，宽式记音法browser 浏览器buying guide 购买指南cacography拼写错误cacology 用词不当calque仿照词canonical form 标准形式cant 隐语，黑话capital letter 大写字母caret 脱字号（^）casual style 随便语体，随意文本catachresis 词语误用catchword眉词，导词categorical diversity 范畴的差异性categorical equivalence范畴对应关系categorical identity 范畴一致性categorization 划分范畴，归类caution 提醒号CD-ROM dictionary光盘词典censorship 审查制度census 普查，调查centered period 分节点，音节号，中黑点（·）character dictionary 字典character set 字集check mark 核对号（√）children’s dictionary 儿童词典chronological dictionary 序时词典circular definition 循环释义circularity 循环释义，互训circumflex音调符号，长音符号circumlocution 迂回曲折表达法，遁词citation 引语，书证，例证citation file引例档案classificatory label 分类标注，类别标记clause idiom 成语性分句cliché陈词滥调clipped form 截短形式clipped word 截短词clipping 截短法close construction 封闭结构closed combination 封闭型组合closed corpus 封闭式语料库closed-class words 封闭性词类code 代码codification 编码coding代码化cognate 同源词cognitive meaning 认知意义coherence 连贯性co-hyponym 共下义词，共同受支配词coinage 新造词语coined term 新造术语coined word 新造词，新创词college dictionary大学词典collegiate dictionary 大学词典collocation 搭配（关系）collocational information 搭配信息collocative meaning 搭配意义colloquial language 口语colloquial standard 口语标准语colloquial word 口语词colloquialism 口语词colorpedia 彩图百科comb effect 梳子效应combinatory possibility 组合可能性combinatory variant 组合变体combining form 组合形式commercial dictionary 商业词典common core vocabulary 基本词汇，共有核心词汇common usage 普通用法common word 普通词compact dictionary 缩印词典compact edition 缩印版comparative lexicography 比较词典学compilation （词典）编纂compiler 编纂者compiler perspective编篡者视角complementaries互补反义词complete antonym完全反义词complete synonym完全同义词complex word复杂词componential analysis成分分析，义素分析composition合词法compound复合词compound word复合词，合成词compounding复合构词法comprehensive dictionary详解词典computational lexicography计算词典学computer lexicography计算机词典学conceptual connection概念联系conceptual dictionary概念词典conceptual meaning概念意义concise dictionary简明词典concordance语词索引confrontationist linguistics对照语言学conjunct 连接性副词connotation隐含意义；附加意义；内涵connotative meaning内涵意义connotative style咨询文体content word实义词context语境context definition语境释义法context of situation言语环境，情景语境contextual definition语境释义contextual function语境功能contextual meaning语境意义contextual theory语境理论contract word缩写词contracted form,contraction缩写contradictory term 对立性反义词contrast对称词contrastive analysis 对比分析contrastive linguistics 对比语言学conversion词类转化法conversive换位反义词cooccurrence 同现cooccurrence relation同现关系cooccurrence restriction同现限制cooccurrence-range搭配cooccurrent meaning共现意义copying in dictionaries词典抄借copyright版权core group核心词群core sense核心义项core vocabulary核心词汇core word核心词co-reference互见corpus语料库corpus composition语料库的组成corpus correction语料库矫正corpus-orient lexicography语料库技术词典学correction矫正correctness正确性count noun可数名词countable noun可数名词coverage覆盖度creole混合语creolized language混合语cross reference互参，互见，交互参照cross-classification交叉结构cross-reference structure参见结构cryptogram密码cryptology隐语cultivated spoken language有教养的口头语言cultivated usage优雅用法cultural borrowing文化借用cultural context文化环境cultural dictionary文化词典cultural guide文化向导cultural lexicography文化词典学cultural-bound lexical item文化局限词汇项cultural-bound term(word) 文化局限词cultural-loaded expression文化含义词cultural-specific vocabulary文化局限词汇culture- specific vocabulary文化局限词汇cuneiform,cuneiform writing楔形文字curtailed word缩短词cyclopedia百科全书cynicism挖苦语dagger剑号（┼）data bank数据库database数据库，资料库databases & audio-visual materials数据库与声像资料data-processing资料加工，数据处理dead affix废弃的词缀，废缀dead conjugation已经不用的词形变化形式dead language死语言dead metaphor死隐语dead word废词deadjective suffix附加于形容词的后缀deadjective verb来自形容词的动词declension（静词）词尾变化decode解码decoding dictionary解码词典decoding function 解码功能de-etymologization词源中断definiendum被下定义的词语，被释词目definiens(pl.definientia)下定义用的词语，释义defining dictionary释义词典defining vocabulary(DV)定义用词汇，定义用词汇总表definition释义，定义deflexion词尾消失degeneration of meaning词义的降格deictic field指示范围denominal adjective 来自名词的形容词denominal noun 来自名词的名词denominal suffix 附加于名词的后缀denominal verb来自名词的动词denotation所指意义，字面意义denotational meaning指称意义，所指意义denotative meaning外延意义denotatum(pl.denotata)所指客观对象density of entries词条密度derivation派生词；派生法derivation by zero suffix零位后缀派生法derivational affix派生词缀derivational antonym派生反义词derivational compound派生复合词derivational morpheme派生形素derivational suffix派生后缀derivative派生词derived form源出（<）derived sense派生义项derived stem派生词干deriving form派生形式derogatory贬损的，贬义的description描写descriptive dictionary描写性词典descriptive equivalent描写性对应词descriptive function描写功能descriptive trend描写性倾向descriptivism描写主义descriptor系索词，标志词designate定义，所指内容的组成designation指称意义designative word指称词designatum(pl.designata)所指内容desk dictionary案头词典desktop e-dictionary桌面电子词典desktop electronic-dictionary桌面电子词典deterioration of meaning词义降格，词义贬降determiner 限定词deverbal adjective来自于动词的形容词deverbal noun来自于动词的名词deverbal suffix附加于动词的后缀diachronic approach历时角度diachronic dictionary历时词典diacritic变音符，附加符号diacritic sign附加符号diacritical mark变音符，附加符号diacritical marking符号标音法dialect dictionary方言词典dialect lexicography方言词典学dialectism方言词语diction措词dictionary词典，字典dictionary awareness词典意识dictionary criticism词典批评dictionary culture词典文化dictionary family词典家族dictionary for comprehension理解型词典dictionary for production生成型词典dictionary for speakers of the source language源语用户词典dictionary for speakers of the target language目的语用户词典dictionary for translation翻译词典dictionary form词典形式dictionary history词典史dictionary lookup词典查检dictionary maker词典编篡者dictionary making词典编篡dictionary meaning词典意义dictionary of proverbs谚语词典dictionary of the literary language书面语词典dictionary of the spoken language口语词典dictionary proper正文部分dictionary research词典研究dictionary review词典评论dictionary structure词典结构dictionary text词典语篇dictionary typology词典类型学dictionary use词典使用dictionary user词典使用者dictionary with bilingual双解词典dictionary word词典词didactic function教导功能differentia specifica属差differentia (pl. differentiae)种差differential dictionary区别性词典differential linguistics区别语言学diglossia双语现象diglottic level双语现象的变体diminutive指小（词）diminutive suffix指小后缀directories of agencies机构指南disambiguation消除歧义discourse meaning话语意义discrimination辨异，词义辨析disjunct分离性副词distinctive feature区别性特征distributional analysis分布分析法ditransitive verb双宾语动词ditto“同上”号（″）division into syllables分音节DJ丹尼尔▪琼斯标音法domesticated word归化词dominant sense主要意义double brackets双方括号double check双核对号（√）double dagger 双剑号（╪）double scale组成一对的同义词double virgules双斜线号（//）doublet同源异体字echoic word拟声词edition版本editor编辑EFL lexicography英语作为外语的学习词典学electronic bilingual dictionary电子双语词典electronic dictionary电子词典electronic lexicography电子词典学elevation of meaning词义的扬升ellipsis省略号（…）ELT lexicography英语教学词典学emotive meaning 情感意义emotive overtone感情色彩empirical ordering经验排列enclitic后接词encode编码，组码encoding dictionary编码词典encoding function编码功能encyclopedia百科全书encyclopedia definition百科释义encyclopedic dictionary百科词典encyclopedic entry百科条目encyclopedic matter百科信息English Philological Society英语语文协会entailed meaning蕴含意义entry条目，词条entry pane条目窗entry word词目ephemeral word瞬息新词equivalent对应词equivalent analogue等值的对应体ESL(English as second language)作为第二语言的英语ethnolinguistic bilingual dictionary人类语言学双语词典etymological dictionary词源词典etymology词源（学）euphemism委婉语everyday expression日常用语example,example-sentence例句exclamation mark感叹号exegetic dictionary注释词典exemplification括注法explanatory definition解说式释义explanatory equivanlent解释对等词explanatory gloss解释性说明explicit cross-reference明示互参extended sense引申意义extension外延extension of meaning语义扩大extinct language 死语，死亡语extralinguistic context 语言外语境familiar style非正式文体family of languages 语系field场field theory 词场理论field label学科标注figurative meaning比喻意义figurative speech比喻语figurative-metaphorical比喻隐喻的figure of speech修辞格file资料档案files of citation引例档案filler-in填空词fist参见号fixed accent固定重音fixed collocation固定搭配fixed phrase 固定短语fixed stress固定重音fixed word-combination固定词组fixed word-order固定词序folk definition通俗释义folk etymology民俗词源，俗词源学folk speech民间语folk usage通俗用法folk-etymological民俗词源的forcing example强迫性例证foreign affix外来词缀foreign learner’s dictionary外国学习者词典foreign word外来词，外语词foreignism外来词语form of address称呼形式form speech正式言语form style正式文体form word 形式词format板式，开本formative构词成分formulaic definition程式释义four-letter word四字母语，粗俗词语frame(structure)框架（结构）free combination自由组合free morpheme自由语素free root自由词根free translation意译free variant自由变体free variation自由变异free word order自由词序French quotes法文引号，书名号frequency词频frequency word-book频率词表front and back clipping对词的首部与尾部的缩略front clipping对词的首部的缩略front matter前页部分front matter ,front page material前页，前页材料，（正文前的）材料frozen expression定型短语frozen style拘谨文体full homonym实足同形同音异义词full word实词，完全词function word功能词，虚词functional equivalent功能等值functional label功能标注functional language功能语言functional marker功能标记functional typology功能分类法functional varieties功能变体functional word功能词，虚词fuzzy terms模糊词语gazetteer地名索引，地名词典gem dictionary珍宝词典，精选词典general concordance普通词表general dictionary通用词典；普通词典generalization of meaning词的普遍化general-purpose bilingual dictionary综合性双语词典，通用双语词典general-purpose dictionary综合性（语文）词典general-purpose English dictionary综合性英语词典generative dictionary生成词典generic term类属词genus总属genus proximum近种geographical dictionary地理词典geographical entry地理条目geographical sources地理资料ghostword鬼词，别字giving synonyms同义词释义gleaning补遗gloss夹注，注释glossary注释词表，术语汇编glueword连接词gobbledygook官样文章Gothic writing哥特体字，黑体字governed word受支配词governing word支配词government publications政府出版物gradable adjective等级形容词grammar语法grammatical bound meaning受语法限制的意义grammatical coding语法代码grammatical collocation语法搭配grammatical context语法语境grammatical function语法功能grammatical information语法信息grammatical labeling语法代码grammatical marker语法标记grammatical motivation语法理据grammatical pattern语法模式grammatical sequence语法序列grammatically-partial word虚词graphic illustration插图，图解graphic substance形的实体graphic symbol书写符号guide word眉题，向导词habitual collocation习惯性搭配habitual co-occurrence习惯性同现handheld electronic dictionary掌上电子词典haplography掉字，漏写hard word难词head phrase词条headword词目heavy-duty word重负荷词hesitation-form犹豫形式hierarchical structure层级结构hierarchical system层级系统hieroglyphic writing象形文字high word 高位词historical comparative linguistics历史比较语言学historical dictionary（按历史原则编写的）历史词典historical lexicography历史词典学historical ordering 历史排列historical principle历史性原则historism历史词语homograph同形异义词homography同形异义homonym同音异义词，同形异义词homonymy同音异义，同形异义homophone mark同音号humorous幽默的hybrid混合词hybrid language 混杂词hybrid word混合词，杂交词hyperonym总义词hypersemanticized discourse超语义化的说法hyphen连字符；隔音号hyphenated name连号hyphenation断词hyphenation routine连字法规则hypocoristic form爱称形式hypocoristic word爱称词hyponym下义词hyponymy下义关系identifying indication识别性说明ideogram表意文字ideographic symble表意符号ideographic writing表意文字ideography表意文字研究ideographical dictionary概念词典，义类词典ideographical function意识功能idiom习语，成语idiomatic expression习惯性词语idiomatic usage习惯用法idiomatics习语学，成语学illiterate language 文盲用语illustration插图，例证illustrative citation例证，引证illustrative example说明性例句；例证illustrative quotation例证imitation binding仿古装帧imitative semantic change语义变化模仿immediate postpositive直接后置形容词implicative method隐含法implicit cross-reference暗示互参impolite word不礼貌用语imposition强加inappropriate不得体的indention缩格index索引index verborum词语出处索引indexation索引检索indexes & abstracts索引与摘要indexing language索引语言infix中缀inflected language屈折语inflection屈折变化inflectional affix屈折词缀inflectional language屈折语inflectional morpheme屈折词素inflectional variant屈折变体inflective language屈折语inflexion 屈折变化inflexional ending词尾屈折inflexional language屈折语inflexional series屈折序列inflexional suffix屈折后缀informal style非正式文体informant语言调查合作人information card背景资料卡information category信息范畴information retrieval language情报检索语言informative dictionary知识性词典initial inflexion开首屈折initial part词首部分initialism首字母连写词inkhorn term学究气的用语innovation新造词insertible equivalent可插入对应词instruction manual说明手册instrument language古今语言instrumental case工具格intensifier强调成分interactive dictionary交互词典interface language接口语言interjection感叹词interlingual dictionary语际词典interlingual interference语际障碍interlingual purism语际语言纯正主义International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)国际音标，国际音标注音法internationalism国际词intimate style亲昵语体intralingual purism内部语言纯正主义introspective example自省性例证invented example自造词irregular inflection不规则屈折形式italic斜体字italic bold-face type斜黑体jargon行话KK KK音标koine共通语，共同语language for specific purposes专门用途语言language notes语言说明language transfer语言迁移language typology语言类型学langue 语言，语言系统latent word潜在词Latinism拉丁词语learned word文言词learner’s dictionary学生词典lemma词目lemma unit词目单位letter-by-letter arrangement纯字母排列法lexeme词汇单位；词位，词素，词项lexical词汇的，语词的lexical ambiguity词汇歧义；词汇模糊性lexical collocation词汇搭配lexical context词汇语境lexical density词汇密度lexical entry词项，语词条目lexical equivalent词义对应词lexical expression词汇表达方式lexical field词汇场lexical gap词汇空缺lexical grammar词汇语法lexical item词汇单位；词位，词素，词项lexical meaning词汇意义lexical set 词群，词集lexical stock词汇总库lexical unit词汇单位lexical word词汇词lexicographer词典学家，词典编篡者lexicographese词典用语lexicographic context词典语境lexicography词典学，词典编篡，词典编篡学lexicology词汇学lexicon词典（尤指古代语言的词典）；词库ligature连音符lingua franca混合语，通用语，交际语linguistic context语言语境linguistic dictionary语文词典linguistic matter语言信息linguistic typology硬译分类学linguistics across culture跨文化语言学literal error排字错误，印刷错误literal meaning字面意义literal translation直译，硬译literary书面语literary language文学语言literary standard文学标准语literary word书面词语live suffix活后缀living affix现在通用的词缀living conjugation“活”的（词形）变化living language现用语言，活语言living word现在通用的词汇loan blend借词混成词，借词拼缀词loan shift转用借词loan translation翻译借词，仿译词loan word借词，外来词local dialect地方方言locution措词logical definition逻辑式定义logical ordering逻辑排列logographic lexicon字典logography速记符long vowel长元音lower-case letter小写字母（印刷用语）LSP lexicography专业英语词典学machine-readable dictionary机读词典machine-aided lexicography机助词典学macro-lexicography宏观词典学macron长音符（加在元音上的“-”）macrostructure宏观结构made-up example自造例main word主导词majuscule大写字母makeshift language代用语言malformation构词错误，误构manual手册maps & atlases地图与地图集marginal meaning外延意义mark,marker标记master index总索引meaning意义meaning discrimination词义辨析meaning-oriented principle意义中心原则means of access检索途径measure adjective度量形容词measure noun度量名词mechanical dictionary电脑词典mediostructure中间结构medium dictionary中型词典megastruture整体结构metalanguage元语言metalexicography元词典学metaphor隐喻metaphoric meaning比喻意义，喻义metaplasm词形变异methodology方法论metonymy换喻，转喻microcontext微观语境microglossary微词典microlexicography微观词典学microstructure微观结构middle matter正文部分midline dot分节点mixed language混合语modal verb情态动词mode式momentary event verb瞬间动作动词monolingual dictionary单语词典monolingual lexicography单语词典学monosemic word单义词monosemy单义性moribund language垂死语言morpheme语素morpheme word语素词morphemic arrangement语素顺序排列morphemic dictionary词素词典morphemical mark形态符号morphology词法morphology label词法标注mother tongue negative transfer母语负迁移motional verb动作动词motivated word有理据的词motivation of word词的理据multi-lingual dictionary多语词典multilingual lexicography多语词典学multi-media dictionary多媒体词典multiword lexical unit多单词词位，复词词汇单位narrow Romic严式罗密克音标narrow transcription严式音标，窄式记音法narrowed meaning狭义narrowing词义缩小native affix本族词缀native language本族语native speaker说本族语的人native speaker’s dictionary本族语词典native word本族词natural language自然语言near-synonym近义词negative transfer负迁移neoclassic formation新古典词的构词法neoclassic word新古典词neologism新词nest(ing)派生词群nest-alphabetic method词集字母排列法nil-equivalent零对应词，无对应词noetics义位学nomenclature术语集nominal definition名目定义nonce-word临时词non-designative非指称词non-echoic word非拟声词non-gradable adjective非等级形容词non-historical dictionary非历史词典non-insertible equivalent非插入对应词non-productive无构词能力的non-restrictive collocation非限制性搭配nonstandard非标准（用语）normal dictionary传统词典normative dictionary规范词典normative lexicography规范性词典学notional passive意义上被动notional system概念系统notional word实义词noun名词noun adjunct附加名词noun cluster名词词组noun compound复合名词noun of multitude群体名词noun-drivative派生名词now rare目前少用nuance细微差别numbered clause分节号（§）numeral数词object宾语object language目的语，对象语言obsolescent陈旧的obsolete已废的obsolete affix废缀obsolete word 旧词obsoletism 已废弃的词语one-phrase definition单一短语释义法one-to-one correspondence一一对应one-to-one equivalent一一对等on-line dictionary在线词典，网络词典onomasiological gap词汇空缺；名称空缺onomasiology定名学onomasticon专名词典onomatopoeic word拟声词open combination开放型组合open corpus开放式语料库open-class words开放性词类opposite meaning对立意义optional variant随意变体oratorical style演说文体ordinal number序数词ordinals序数词orthographic criterion书写标准orthographic syllable拼法音节orthography正字法，拼写法ostensive definition直观定义ostensive definition直观释义法output language输出语outside matter正文外部分overall-descriptive dictionary全面描写词典over-defining过度释义P marker短语标记pagination页码检索paper dictionary纸质词典paradigm（名词、动词等的）词形变化表paragraph分节号（§）；段落；段落号（▪）parallel bars平行号（║）parent language 母语，源语parentheses圆括号parole言语paronym形似词partial conversion部分词类转化partial equivalent部分对应词partial homonym部分同音同形异义词participle分词particle小品词，语助词parts of speech词类parts-of-speech label词性标注passive dictionary被动型词典，消极词典patois土话pedagogical dictionary教学词典pedagogical lexicography教学词典学pejorative轻蔑词pejorative epithet表贬损的修饰语pejorative suffix贬义后缀perfect antonym完全反义词perfect equivalence完全对等perfect equivalent完全对等词perfect homonym完全同音同形异义词period句号period dictionary断代词典period lexicography断代词典学peripheral kinds of vocabulary边缘性词汇peripheral language外围语periphrastic definition迂回定义peroration of meaning词义的降格personal suffix人称后缀phantom word幻象词phenomenological typology现象分类法philological bilingual dictionary语文学双语词典philological dictionary语文词典philology语文学phoneme音位，音素phonemic notation音标，音位标音法phonemic transcription音位标音phonemic word音位词phonemics音位学，音素学phonetic acronym语音缩写词phonetic alphabet音标，语音字母phonetic change语音演变phonetic convergence音变的汇合phonetic hyphen隔音号（-）phonetic motivation拟声理据phonetic pattern语音模式phonetic spelling表音拼写法phonetic syllable语音音节phonetic symbol音标，音符phonetic transcription注音，标音法phonetic writing拼音文字phoneticism音标拼词法phonographic alphabet表音字母phonology音系学，音位学phrasal verb短语动词phrase短语，词组phrase clipping短语略写phrase idiom惯用短语phrase marker短语标记phraseological dictionary熟语词典phraseological lexicography熟语词典学phraseology熟语，熟语集phrasing措词pictograph象形文字pictographic writing图画文字pictorial arrangement图式顺序排列pictorial dictionary图画词典pictorial illustration插图pidgin混杂语pidgin English洋泾浜英语plurality复数性，多重性plurilingual多语种的plurilingualism多语制pocket dictionary袖珍词典pocket electronic dictionary掌上电子词典poetic word诗歌用语poetical archaic word诗用古词poetry诗体poetism诗体词语polite formulas礼貌套语polylingual多语种的polylingual dictionary多语种对照词典polylingualism多语制polyseme,polysemous word多义词（现象）polysemy多义现象，一词多义polysyllable多音节词polytechnic dictionary科技词典popular etymology俗词源学popular language俗语popular word俗语词portmanteau word紧缩词post-modifier后置修饰语postpositive后置形容词pragmalinguistics语用语言学pragmatic analysis语用分析pragmatic equivalent语用对应词pragmatic failure语用失误pragmatics语用学predeterminer前置限定词predicative表语preface序言prefix前缀prefixation加前缀premodifier前置修饰语prescriptive规范性的prescriptive dictionary规范词典prescriptive grammar规定语法prescriptive lexicography规定性词典学prescriptive trend规定性倾向prescriptivism规定主义present participle现在分词presentational affix表义词缀presentational or tectonic typology表述（或构造）分类法primary accent主重音primary linguistic data第一手语言资料primary meaning本义primitive原始词principal language主体语言print dictionary印刷型词典printing印刷proclitic后接发音词productive activity（说、写等）产出性活动productive affix有派生能力的词缀，派生词缀productive bilingual dictionary能产性双语词典productive dictionary产出型词典productive function产出功能productivity能产性pronominal adjective代词性形容词pronouncing dictionary发音词典pronunciation key发音表prototype原型proverb谚语provincial standard地方标准punctuation mark标点符号punning双关语purism语言纯正主义purrword褒词quadrilingual dictionary四语词典quasi-normative bilingual dictionary准规范化双语词典quasi-synonym准同义词quasi-synoymous word准同义词questionnaire问卷，调查表quotation书证quotation mark引号radiation（词义的）辐射radical词根，部首radical flexion词根屈折radical language词根语radical sense原始义range of application使用范围range of collocation搭配范围rare罕用reading programme阅读项目real definition真实定义realization体现关系Received Pronunciation (RP)标准发音receptive activity接收活动receptive function接收功能receptor language接收语reciprocal dictionary互补词典reciprocal relation相互关系reduced entry减缩词条reduplication重叠reduplicative word重叠词reference 参见reference book工具书reference dictionary查考型词典reference matter检索信息reference mark检索符号reference need检索目的reference skill检索技巧reference unit检索单位referent所指事物，词目所指的对象referential definition所指释义referential meaning information所指意义referential pragmatics指代语用学referential symbolism所指符号refinement修饰reflected meaning发射意义regional word地区性词regionalism区域词语register域register label语域标注relational word关系词relative synonym相对同义词，近义词reroute重新查找respelling schemes重拼法respelling system重拼发音符号系统restricted language限制性语言restriction of meaning词义的限制restrictive collocation限制性搭配reverse dictionary逆序词典rheme述位rhyming dictionary音韵词典Roman type正体字root词根root antonym词根反义词root inflexion词根屈折root form词根形式，根式round brackets圆括号runic writing北欧古代文字running head向导词run-on (entry)副词目，内词条sandhi连读变音scholarly dictionary学术词典schoolboy slang学生俚语scientific terminology科技术语search检索，搜索searching window检索窗secondary accent次重音，次重音号secondary compound二次复合词secondary derivative次派生词secondary language第二语言secondary meaning次要意义secondary morpheme-word次语素词secondary phoneme次音位secondary stress次重音segmental dictionary部分语词词典，特种语词词典selection of entries (articles)选条selection of head characters选字selection of headwords选词selection preference选择倾向selection restriction选择限制sell-aware form自觉形式semantic affinity语义一致semantic arrangement语义顺序排列semantic coincidence语义重合semantic component语义成分semantic condensation语义缩合semantic contradiction语义矛盾semantic contrast语义对比semantic criterion语义标准semantic dictionary主题词典semantic divergence词义分化semantic extension语义扩展semantic factor语义因素semantic field语义场semantic function语义功能semantic glosses语义注释semantic inclusion语义包容semantic intersection语义交叉semantic marker语义标记semantic motivation语义理据semantic properties语义特征semantic prototype model语义原型模式semantic shift语义演变semantics语义学sememe义素semi-bilingual半双解semicolon分号semiology,semiotics符号学semi-unabridged dictionary半足本词典sense义项sense discrimination义项区分sense relation义项关系sentence connector连接词sentence idiom成语性句子sentence pattern句型sentence substitute替代词。
常用软件词汇中英文对照
常用软件词汇中英文对照英文: access中文: 访问英文: click中文: 单击英文: code中文: 代码英文: Combo box中文: 组合框英文: command中文: 命令英文: container中文: 容器英文: control中文: 控件英文: database中文: 数据库英文: Destination folder 中文: 目标文件夹英文: display中文: 显示英文: document.中文: 文档英文: double-click中文: 双击英文: drop-down中文: 下拉列表英文: editor中文: 编辑器英文: export英文: field中文: 字段英文: file中文: 文件英文: folder中文: 文件夹英文: form中文: 窗体英文: form中文: 窗体英文: format 中文: 格式英文: header 中文: 标题英文: install中文: 安装英文: macro中文: 宏英文: menu中文: 菜单英文: options 中文: 选项英文: prompt 中文: 提示英文: property 中文: 属性英文: query中文: 查询中文: 报表英文: right-click 中文: 右键单击英文: Run mode 中文: 运行模式英文: Save as中文: 另存为英文: speech中文: 语音英文: start-up 中文: 启动英文: subform 中文: 子窗体英文: tab中文: 选项卡英文: tool中文: 工具英文: toolbar中文: 工具栏英文: transform 中文: 转换英文: undo中文: 撤消英文: utility中文: 实用工具英文: view中文: 视图英文: voice中文: 声音英文: wizard中文: 向导英文: tab中文: 标签英文: syntax中文: 语法英文: convert 中文: 转换英文: database 中文: 数据库英文: utilities 中文: 实用工具英文: category 中文: 类别英文: tag中文: 标记英文: pane中文: 窗格。
SAP常用事务代码
CC01 CC02 CC03 MMR1 MMB1 MMF1 MM01 MM02 MM03 MM04 MM06 MM11 MM13 MM17 MM50 MM60 MMAM
SAP常用事务代码
MR21 CS01 CS02 CS03 CS07 CS08 CS09 CS11 CS12 CS13 CS14 CS15 CS20 CS80 CC01 CC02 CC03 CC04 CC05 CC11 CC12 CC22 CC23 CR01 CR02 CR03 CR05 CR06 CR60 CA01 CA02 CA03 修改物资价格 物料BOM创建 物料BOM更改 物料BOM显示 创建工厂分配（比如将C003的BOM 分配给 C004工厂） 修改工厂分配 显示工厂分配 物料BOM逐层展开 物料BOM多层展开 BOM汇总 物料BOM比较 物料反查（根据组件查相应的BOM） 物料BOM批量更改 物料BOM更改文件（记录修改BOM的历史记录） 建立更改编号 修改更改编号 显示更改编号 产品结构显示（物料、更改编号等对象） 变更概观(批量显示更改编号跟踪下的记录) 建立物料修订版次 修改物料修订版次 更改对象管理记录 显示对象管理记录 创建工作中心 修改工作中心 显示工作中心 批量显示工作中心 批量显示工作中心中成本中心指派 工作中心信息系统 创建工艺路线 修改工艺路线 显示工艺路线
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按事务代码查权限对象 创建相关性 修改相关性 显示相关性 相关性清单 相关性使用清单 订单BOM 创建变式表 更改变式表 显示变式表 变式表清单 根据物料显示对应的特征和值 创建特征 创建类 显示特征清单 分配类给类（类的继承） 发布类 批量维护特征值 根据类及特征值找对象 显示类的层次结构（图形） 类层次结构（ALV） 对象清单（根据类） 分类状态（根据类类型查询类及对象的状态）
计算机专业英语词汇
计算机专业英语词汇Unit One.Lesson one .simultaneity n同时性breach vt违反，破坏immediacy n即时性deadline n最后期限spatial adj空间的earth-bound adj只在地球上的teletype n电传打字机proximity n接近，近似first-generation computer n第一代计算机vacuum tube n真空管，电子管transistor n晶体管integrated circuits(I C) n集成电路microminiaturization n超小型化chip n芯片etch vt蚀刻imprint vt铭刻plastic n塑料ceramic n陶瓷matal n金属approximately adv近似的，大约的============================== Lesson two.general adj一般的knowledge n知识eletronic adj电子的machinery n机器，机械equipment n设备manipulate vt操作represent vt代表dull adj迟钝的，枯燥的time-consuming adj消耗时间的routine adj常规的characters n字符general-purpose adj通用的operate vt操作successfully adv成功地numerical adj数字的integrator n积分refinement n精炼unreliable adj不可靠的internal adj内部的silicon n硅feature n特点capability n能力ASCII American Standard For Information Interchange n美国标准信息交换代码hardware n硬件software n软件minicomputer n小型计算机personalcomputer n个人计算机mainframe computer n大型计算机microcomputer n微型计算机supercomputer n超级计算机I/O Input/Output device n输入/输出设备glimpse n一瞥handle vt处理broad adj宽广的enormous adj庞大的scientific adj科学的super adj超级的interpret vt解释manufacture vt制造efficient adj有效的robotics n机器人学combine vt联合divide vt划分divided into vt划分为category n范畴，目录retrieval n检索vital adj必不可少的youngster n年轻人in addition to vt 另外familiarity n熟悉durable adj 持久的CAD Computer-Aided Design n计算机辅助设计CAM Computer-Aided Manufacturing n计算机辅助制造CAI Computer-Aided Instruction n计算机辅助教学Lesson three.powerful adj功能强大的tool n工具personal adj个人的basically adv基本上consist of 由...组成additional adj另外的expand vt扩大，扩充meet...needs满足..的需要particular adj特别的，特定的CPU central processing unit中央处理机memory n主存，内存RAM random access memory 随机存储器ROM read-only memory 只读存储器Diskette drive 软盘驱动器FDD floppy disk drive 硬盘驱动器HDD hard disk drive硬盘驱动器CD-ROM compact disc ROM只读光盘keyboard n键盘mouse n鼠标power supply 电源turn off关闭& conj和，以及entire adj整个的typical adj典型的be entered into 被键入be connected to被连接到comfortable adj舒适的position n位置independently adv独立地select vt选择monitor n监视器issue vt发出command n命令response n响应popular adj常见的，众所周知的generate vt产生dot n点matrix printer点阵打印机option n选件，选项instruct vt指示，指导be loaded into 被装入turn on 打开OS operating system 操作系统model n型号interface n接口parallel ports 并行口serial ports 串行口binary n二进制decimal n十进制hexadecimal n十六进制bit n二进制位byte n字节KB kilo byte 千字节MB million byte 兆字节GB giga byte 吉字节string n字符串Chinese character汉字字符field n字段record n记录file n文件access vt存取，访问access time 存取时间expansion slot扩展槽cylinder n柱面track n磁道sector n扇区2 HD 双面高密度DS/DD double side/double density双面双密度N/A not available 不具备MIPS million instruction per second 每秒执行百万条指令M Hz mega hertz 兆赫兹sound blaster 声霸卡double speed 倍速quad speed 四倍速warranty n保修requirement n需求specification n规格pentium processor 奔腾处理器bus architecture PCI PCI总线结构cache n高速缓冲存储器seek vt搜索enhanced adj增强的resolution 分辨率dpi n点/英寸audio n音频P&P plug and play 即插既用security n安全性lock n锁password n口令on-site adj所在地的pre-load vt预装AC交流电consumption n消耗diagonal adj对角线的dimension n大小serial impact dot matrix 串行式点阵打印pin n针CPS characters per second 每秒字符数CPI characters per inch 每英寸字符数draft n草稿体印刷质量LQ letter quality书信体印刷质量buffer n打印机缓冲区column n列fanfold n（连续）折叠（打印纸）cut sheet 单页打印纸capacity n容量original n正本，原稿resident adj驻留的font n字体operational adj操作的panel n面板button n按扭LED n指示灯ribbon n色带cassette n盒MTBF mean time between failures 平均故障间隔时间Microsoft Visual Basic 微软公司的Visual Basic语言standard n标准版professional n专业版enterprise edition n企业版recommend vt推荐compatible adj兼容的Lesson four.plug into 将..插入outlet n插座module n模块kit n块，包automatically adv自动地update vt更新configuration n配置sequence n次序，序列boot vi引导flash vi闪烁，发光version n版本prompt n提示indicate vt 指明，表明default adj默认的，缺省的adjust vt调整contrast n对比度brightness n亮度comfort n舒适batch n批，成批manually adv手动地simultaneously adv同时地disappear vi消失antivirus vi防病毒protection n保护detect vt检测remove vt 去除virus n病毒power on /off电源开/关signal in 信号线插口reset vt 复位Turbo n切换主频按钮K/lock key/lock 钥匙/锁Esc escape vt强迫终止Tab table vt制表Caps lock 大写锁定/大小写切换shift vt换挡Ctrl control vt 控制Alt alternate vt切换spacebar n空格键条backspace BS n回退Enter vt打入，回车换行Num Lock 数字键锁定keypad n辅助小键盘Home n开始位置End n结束位置Insert INS vt插入Delete DEL vt删除page up 前进翻页page down 后退翻页print screen PRT SC屏幕拷贝Scroll Lock 屏幕锁定（不滚动）pause vi暂停function key 功能键break vt中止@ (at) n 在^ (caret) n脱字符# (No.) n号LOAD PARK 装纸到位ONLINE n联机OFFLINE n脱机LF/FF line feed/form feed （打印纸）走行/走页tear off撕纸page out 缺纸Ready adj就绪的Busy adj忙的install vt安装conventional adj常规的customize vt剪裁，定制startup n启动initialize vt初始化self-test vi自检debug vt 诊断strike/press/depress/hit the key击键cursor n光标highlight n高亮度click vt单击double click 双击drag and drop 拖放respond vi响应directory n 目录offer vt提供hierarchical adj层次的branch n分支branch into 化入分支subdirectory n子目录appropriate adj合适的create vt建立search vt 查找，搜索search for 查找bracket n括弧optional adj可选的specify vt指定current adj当前的root n根upper adj高位的adapter n适配器extended adj扩展的xpanded adj扩充的reserved adj保留的extension n扩展名Lesson FiveGUI graphical user interface 图形用户界面specific adj特定的element n元素menu n菜单bar n条icon n图标be indicated by由...表示folder n文件夹clipboard n剪贴板temporary adj临时的storage n存储area n区域accessory n附件spreadsheet n电子表格personalize vt个性化remotely adv遥远的efficiently adv有效的administrator n管理员legacy n遗传，遗产multimedia n多媒体reliability n可靠性powerful adj强大的performance n性能parameter n参数switch n开关DIR directory vt列目录path n路径diagram n结构图wildcard n通配符syntax n语法format n格式formatting n格式化copy vt拷贝source diskette源盘target diskette目标盘rename vt换名list vt列出清单backup n备份restore vt恢复append vt附加attribute ATTRIB n属性call vt调用remark n注解erase (delete) vt删除undelete vt恢复被删除文件echo vt回显sort vt分类，排序set vt设置share vt分享edit vt编辑editor n编辑程序title bar标题条scroll bar滚动条tool bar工具条dialog box对话框status line 状态行program/file manager程序/文件管理器release vt释放open vt打开close vt关闭overwrite vt改写replace vt替换save vt保存save as另存为run vt运行view vt查看show vt查看cascade vt层叠title vt平铺style n字型cut vt箭切paste vt粘贴exit(quit) vt退出cardfile n卡片盒calendar n日历notepad n记事本paintbrush n画笔media player媒体播放器readme n自述文件recorder n记录器OLE object linking and embedding对象连接与嵌入DDE dynamic data exchange 动态数据交换object packager对象包装WYSIWYG what you see is what you get 所见即所得falls into分为shared adj共享的focus n焦点criteria n标准，尺度sensitivity n敏感性literal adj文字的recycle vt回收bin n箱Lesson Six.ruler n标尺margin n页边距indent n缩进量check vt检查spelling n拼写perform vt执行，进行wizard n指南available adj可用的resume n文摘letter n信件memo n便函（备忘录）report n报告meeting agenda会议日程incorporate vt插入，并入attractive adj诱人的according to 按照session n操作期in front of 在...前面separate from使...和..分开examine vt查看preview vt预览dictionary n词典store vt存储combination n组合style n字符样式apply to将...用于... Auto format 自动格式化based on 基于template n模板row n行merge vt合并modify vt修改border n边框shading n阴影'snaking' columns分栏size vt缩放graphic adj图形的wordArt n艺术字multiple adj多个的multiply files多个文件at the same time同时technique n方法full screen editor全屏幕编辑scroll box滚动条drop-down 下拉alignment n对齐方式aligh left 左对齐center n居中bullet n项目符号（圆点或方块）formula n公式hanging indent 悬挂式缩进header and footer页眉和页脚landscape n横向，地形portrait n纵向，肖像line spacing行间距outline view大纲视图page break分页符facing page对开页section break 分节符layout n版面，页面布局status bar状态栏soft return软回车wizard n指南，向导word-wrap自动回车的，字环绕的zoom vt缩放shortcut n快捷gridline n网格线triple-click三击radio button 单选按扭check box 复选框alert box 警告框demo n演示step by step渐进undo vt撤消proof vt审稿redo vt重做Express/Custom Install快速/自定义安装tutorial n连机教学/指南streamlined adj优化了的，流线型的functionality n功能high-impact adj有感染力的intelligent adj聪明的snap vt猛咬，抓住center-align vi居中排列back and forth 来回flexibility n灵活性wrap vt包起来barrier n障碍multilingual adj多种语言的grammar n语法Lesson Seven.Mail n微软公司的电子邮件软件attach vt连接attach to将。
CAD机械制图英语词汇
autocad机械制图英语词汇（1）2d solid 二维实体 2d 实面2d wireframe 二维线框3d array 三维阵列 3d 阵列3d dynamic view 三维动态观察 3d 动态检视3d objects 三维物体 3d 物件3d orbit 三维轨道 3d 动态3d orbit 三维动态观察 3d 动态3d studio 3d studio 3d studio3d viewpoint 三维视点 3d 检视点3dpoly 三维多段线 3d 聚合线3dsin 3ds 输入 3d 实体汇入3dsolid 三维实体 3d 实体3dsout 3ds 输出 3d 实体汇出abort 放弃中断abort 中断中断absolute coordinates 绝对坐标绝对座标abut 邻接相邻accelerator key 加速键快速键access 获取存取acisin acis 输入 acis 汇入acisout acis 输出 acis 汇出action 操作动作active 活动（的）作用中adaptive sampling 自适应采样最适取样add 添加加入add a printer 添加打印机新增印表机add mode 添加模式add plot style table 添加打印样式表add plot style table 添加打印样式表add plotter 添加打印机add plotter 添加打印机add to favorites 添加到收藏夹加入我的最爱adi adi(autodesk 设备接口) adi (autodesk 设备介面)adjacent 相邻相邻adjust 调整调整adjust area fill 调整区域填充调整区域填满adlm (autodesk license manager) adlm（autodesk 许可管理器）administration dialog box 管理对话框管理对话方块advanced setup wizard 高级设置向导进阶安装精灵aerial view 鸟瞰视图鸟瞰视景affine calibration 仿射校准关系校正alert 警告警示alias 别名别名aliasing 走样锯齿化align 对齐对齐aligned dimension 对齐标注对齐式标注alignment 对齐(方式) 对齐allocate 分配配置altitude 标高高度ambient color 环境色环境颜色ambient light 环境光环境光源angular dimension 角度标注角度标注angular unit 角度单位角度单位annotation 注释注解anonymous block 无名块匿名图块anti-aliasing 反走样消除锯齿aperture 靶框锁点框apparent intersections 外观交点外观交点append 附加附加application key 授权申请号应用程式码appload 加载应用程序载入应用程式apply 应用/申请套用approximation points 近似点近似点arc 圆弧弧architectual ticks 建筑标记建筑斜线area 区域,面积区域,面积argument 参数引数arrange icons 排列图标排列图示array 阵列阵列arrowhead 箭头箭头ascii ascii （美国标准信息交换码） ascii aseadmin ase 管理 ase 管理aseexport ase 输出 ase 汇出aselinks ase 链接 ase 连结aserows ase 行 ase 列aseselect ase 选择 ase 选取asesqled sql 编辑 ase sql 编辑器aspect 纵横向间距纵横向间距aspect ratio 宽高比纵横比assign 指定指定assist 助理辅助associative dimension 关联标注关联式标注associative hatches 关联填充关联式剖面线attach v.附着贴附attdef 属性定义属性定义attdisp 属性显示属性显示attedit 属性编辑属性编辑attenuation 衰减衰减attenuation of light 灯光衰减光源衰减attext 属性提取属性萃取attredef 属性重定义属性重新定义attribute definition 属性定义属性定义attribute display 属性显示属性显示attribute extraction file 属性提取文件属性萃取档attribute extraction template file 属性提取样板文件属性萃取样板档attribute prompt 属性提示属性提示attribute tag 属性标签属性标签attribute value 属性值属性值audit 核查检核authorization code 授权码授权码autocad library search path autocad 库搜索路径 autocad 资源库搜寻路径autocommit 自动提交自动确定autotrack 自动追踪自动追踪axis tripod 三轴架三向轴azimuth 方位角方位back clipping on 后向剪裁打开back view 后视图后视景background color 背景色背景颜色backup 备份备份backward 反向左右反向bad 不正确的不正确base 基点基准,底端,底部base dimension 基准标注基线式标注base grips 基夹点基准掣点base point 基点基准点baseline 基线基准线基线式baseline dimension 基线标注基线式标注basic color 基本色基本颜色batch plotting 批处理打印批次出图beam angles of spotlights 聚光灯光束角度点光源光线角度beep on error 出错报警错误时发出哔声bevel 倒角斜切bevel 倒角斜切beveling objects 斜角对象斜切物件bezier curve bezier 曲线 bezier 曲线big font 大字体大字体bind 绑定并入bitmap 位图点阵图blend 合成混成blipmode 点标记模式点记模式block 块图块block definition 块定义图块定义block reference 块参照图块参考block table 块表图块表格bmpout bmp 输出 bmp 汇出body 体主体boolean operation 布尔运算布林运算borders 边框图框bottom view 仰视图下视景boundary 边界边界boundary sets 边界集边界集bounding 边（框）边界框break (v.) 打断切断bring above object 置于对象之上置于物件上方bring to top 顶置置于最上方brower 浏览器浏览器built-in 内置的内建bulge 凸度凸度bump map 凹凸贴图凸纹贴图button menu 按钮菜单按钮功能表byblock 随块 byblockbylayer 随层 bylayerbyte 字节位元组cabling 电缆布线配线cal 计算器校正calibrate 校准校正call 调用呼叫callback 回调(for lisp) 回覆callback 回叫回覆camera 相机照相机camera angle 相机角度相机角度cancel 取消取消cap 封口封口cascade 层叠（的）重叠排列case （大小）写大小写cast 投射投射catalog 目录目录cell 单元储存格center 圆心中心center mark 圆心标记中心点标记centerline 中心线中心线centroid 形心,质心矩心chamfer 倒角倒角change 修改变更character 字符字元check 检查检查check box 复选框勾选框check spelling 拼写检查拼字检查child dimension style 下级标注样式子标注型式chord 弦翼弦chprop 修改特性变更性质circle 圆圆circular external reference 循环外部参照循环外部参考circumference 圆周圆周class 类等级, 类别clause 子句子句clean 清除清理clean 清除清理clear 清除清除client 客户机用户端clip 剪裁截取clipboard 剪贴板剪贴簿clipping boundaries 剪裁边界截取边界clipping planes 剪裁平面截取平面close 闭合关闭(用于档案),闭合(用于边界,线,面域) cluster 组丛集code pages 代码页字码页color 颜色著色color depth 颜色深度颜色深度color map 色表颜色对映color wheel 颜色轮盘色轮color-dependent 颜色相关color-dependent plot style table 颜色相关打印样式表dangle 不固定的悬挂dark color 暗色暗色dash 虚线虚线data integrity 数据完整性资料完整性database 数据库资料库datum 基准基准面datum axis 基准轴基准轴datum dimension 基准标注基准标注datum identifier 基准标识基准识别字datum reference frames 基准参考框架基准参考框datum reference letters 基准参考字母基准参考文字dbconnect 数据库连接资料库连结dbconnect manager 数据库连接管理器dblist 数据库列表资料库列示dbms drivers dbms 驱动资料库管理系统 (dbms)ddattdef 属性定义对话框动态属性定义ddatte 属性编辑对话框动态属性编辑ddattext 属性提取对话框动态属性萃取ddcolor 颜色对话框动态颜色设定ddedit 文字编辑对话框编辑文字与属性定义ddgrips 夹点对话框动态掣点设定ddim 标注设置对话框标注设定ddinsert 插入对话框图块插入ddmodify 图元编辑对话框动态修改ddptype 点类型对话框点型式ddrename 重命名对话框动态更名ddrmodes 绘图模式对话框绘图设定ddselect 对象选择对话框动态选取设定dducs ucs 对话框动态 ucs 设定dducsp ucs 方向对话框动态 ucs 预设ddunits 单位对话框动态单位设定ddview 视图对话框动态视景ddvpoint 视点对话框动态检视点deactivate 释放停用dealer 经销商经销商decal effect 修剪效果除去杂质效果decimal dimensions 十进制标注十进位标注decurve 非曲线化直线化default 缺省预设值,预设default drawing 缺省图形预设图面default drawing 缺省图形预设图面definition point 定义点定义点degenerate 退化退化delay 延迟延迟delete 删除删除delta 增量差值demand loading 按需加载应要求载入dependent symbols 依赖符号deployment 展开布署depth map 深度贴图深度贴图derive 导出导出description 说明描述design center 设计中心设计中心detach 拆离分离detection 检测侦测deviation 极限偏差偏差deviation tolerances 极限公差偏差公差device 设备设备device 设备设备device and default selection 设备和默认选择设备和预设值选取dia 直径直径diameter 直径（标注）直径dictionary 词典字典diffuse color 漫射色漫射颜色digitizer 数字化仪数位板digitizing puck 数字化仪游标数位化指向器digitizing puck 数字化仪游标数位化指向器dim 标注标注dimaligned 对齐标注对齐式标注dimangular 角度标注角度标注dimbaseline 标注基线基线式标注dimcenter 圆心标注中心点标注dimcontinue 连续标注连续式标注dimdiameter 直径标注直径标注dimedit 标注编辑标注编辑dimension 标注标注dimension definition points 标注定义点标注定义点dimension format 标注格式标注格式dimension geometry 构成要素标注几何dimension line arc 尺寸线圆弧标注线弧dimension properties 标注特性标注性质dimension scale 标注比例标注比例dimension style 标注样式标注型式dimension style families 标注样式族标注型式家族dimension style name 标注样式名标注型式名称dimension style overrides 标注样式替代标注型式取代dimension text 标注文字标注文字dimension units 标注单位标注单位dimension variables 标注变量标注变数dimlinear 线性标注线性标注dimordinate 坐标标注座标式标注dimoverride 标注替代标注取代dimradius 半径标注半径标注dimstyle 标注样式标注型式dimtedit 标注文字编辑标注文字编辑direct hatch 直接填充直接剖面direction control 方向控制方向控制directory 目录目录disable 禁用取消,停用discard 放弃舍弃discontinued 停止使用的取消,停用dish 下半球面圆碟disk space 磁盘空间磁碟空间displacement point 位移点位移点display 显示显示器, 显示, 显示画面display order 显示次序显示顺序dist 距离距离distant light 平行光远光源distributing 分布分散式dithering 抖动递色diverge 分散的分散的divide 等分等分divide 等分等分division 等分分割,除法dock(undock) 固定（浮动）固定document 文档文件dome 上半球面圆顶donut 园环环draft 草图草图drafting standards 绘图标准制图标准drafting techniques 绘图技术制图技巧drag and drop 拖放拖放draw 绘制/绘图(如果后面未接宾语) 绘图drawing 图形图面,图档drawing aids 绘图辅助工具绘图辅助drawing area 绘图区域绘图区drawing boundaries 图形边界图面边界drawing browser 图形浏览器图面浏览器drawing database 图形数据库图形资料库drawing environment 图形环境绘图环境drawing extents 图形范围图面实际范围drawing file 图形文件图档drawing limits 图形界限图面范围drawing order 图形次序绘图顺序drawing project 图形项目绘图专案drawing scale 图形比例图面比例drawing standard 图形标准图面标准drawing status 图形状态图面状态drawing time 绘图时间绘图时间drawing units 图形单位图面单位driver 驱动程序驱动程式dropdown list 下拉列表下拉式列示dsviewer 鸟瞰视图鸟瞰视景dtext 动态文本动态文字dump 转储倾出duplicate 重复重复的duplicating 复制复制dview 动态观察动态检视dxbin dxb输入 dxb 汇入dxfin dxf输入 dxf 汇入dxfout dxf输出 dxf 汇出dynamic 动态动态dynamic dragging 动态拖动动态拖曳dynamic update 动态更新动态更新dynamic viewing 动态观察动态检视dynamic zooming 动态缩放动态缩放edge 边边缘edge surface 边界曲面边缘曲面edgesurf 边界曲面边缘曲面editor 编辑器编辑器education version 教学版教育版effect 效果效果element 元素元素elev 标高高程elevation 标高高程ellipse 椭圆椭圆embed 内嵌，嵌入嵌入encapsulated 封装see also "eps" 压缩end 端点结束,终点end angle 端点角度结束角度end tangent 端点切向结束切点end width 端点宽度结束宽度ending 终止端点english units 英制单位英制enter enter（输入）输入entity 图元元件 . 图元entry 条目资料项environment 环境环境environment variable 环境变量环境变数equation 方程式方程式erase 删除删除existing 现有的既有的exit 退出结束export 输出汇出expression 表达式表示式extend 扩展延伸extend 延伸，超出量（用于标注）延伸extension line 尺寸界线延伸线extent(s) 范围实际范围external data 外部数据外部资料external database 外部数据库外部资料库external reference 外部参照外部参考extract 选集萃取extrude 拉伸挤出face 面面facet 镶嵌面产生刻面factor 因子(see scale factor) 系数fade 褪色度渐层falloff angle 收缩角衰退角度fast zoom mode 快速缩放模式快速缩放模式fatal 致命错误致命错误favorites 收藏夹我的最爱favorites 收藏夹我的最爱feature 功能/（几何）特征特征fence 栏选(see also selection fence) 篱选field 字段栏位file 文件档案fill 填充填实filled text 填充文字文字填实(用于填实线条、实体或实面) filmroll filmroll 胶卷filter 过滤器过滤器find 查找寻找工具finish 完成修饰finish 修饰（for render only) 修饰fit 自适应设置布满（用于预览时，布满视窗或图纸）fit points 拟合点拟合点flag 标志旗标flat shaded, edges on 带边框平淡着色flat-shaded （平淡）着色floating viewports 浮动视口浮动视埠flood 布满大量flyout properties 弹出特性对话框图示列性质fog 雾雾fold 折叠折痕follow 跟随自动平面视景font 字体字体font map file 字体映射文件字体对映档form tolerance 形状公差成型公差formatting text 设置文字格式格式化文字frame 框架画格frame 帧画格frame 边框画格free-form 自由形式（的）自由形式freehand line 徒手画线手绘线freeplotting 自由绘图自由出图freeze 冻结冻结freezing layers 冻结图层冻结图层from 自自front clipping on 前向剪裁打开front view 主视图前视景full preview 全视口预览完整预览。
CAD命令全集
datum dimension datum identifier datum reference frames datum reference letters dbConnect dbConnect Manager dblist DBMS drivers ddattdef ddatte ddattext ddcolor ddedit ddgrips ddim ddinsert ddmodify ddptype ddrename ddrmodes ddselect dducs dducsp ddunits ddview ddvpoint deactivate dealer decal effect decimal dimensions decurve default default drawing default drawing definition point Degenerate delay delete DELta demand loading dependent symbols deployment Depth Map derive description Design Center detach
属性提取文件 属性提取样板文件 属性提示 属性标签 属性值 核查 授权码 AutoCAD 库搜索路径 自动提交 自动追踪 三轴架 方位角 后向剪裁打开 后视图 背景色 备份 反向 不正确的 基点 基准标注 基夹点 基点 基线 基线标注 基本色 批处理打印 聚光灯光束角度 出错报警 倒角 倒角 斜角对象 Bezier 曲线 大字体 绑定 位图 合成 点标记模式 块 块定义 块参照 块表 BMP 输出 体 布尔运算 边框 仰视图 边界
大陆词汇 二维实体 二维线框 三维阵列 三维动态观察 三维物体 三维轨道 三维动态观察 3D Studio 三维视点 三维多段线 3DS 输入 三维实体 3DS 输出 放弃 中断 绝对坐标 邻接 加速键 获取 ACIS 输入 ACIS 输出 操作 活动（的） 自适应采样 添加 添加打印机 添加模式 添加打印样式表 添加打印样式表 添加打印机 添加打印机 添加到收藏夹 ADI(Autodesk 设备接口) 相邻 调整 调整区域填充 AdLM（Autodesk 许可管理器） 管理对话框 高级设置向导 鸟瞰视图 仿射校准 警告 别名 走样 对齐 对齐标注
英语作文如何安全网上购物
How to Shop Safely OnlineIn today's digital era, online shopping has become a convenient and popular way to purchase goods and services. However, with the rise of cybercrime and online scams, it's crucial to ensure that your online shopping experiences are safe and secure. Here are some tips to help you shop safely online.1. Use Secure WebsitesAlways make sure that you are shopping on a secure website. Look for the "https://" in the address bar and a lock icon to indicate that the website is using SSL (Secure Sockets Layer) encryption. This ensures that your personal information, such as credit card numbers and addresses, is transmitted securely and cannot be intercepted by hackers.2. Choose Trusted RetailersWhen shopping online, stick to well-known and trusted retailers. These retailers are more likely to have robust security measures and are less likely to be involved in fraudulent activities. Avoid shopping on websites that look unprofessional or have a poor reputation.3. Protect Your Personal InformationNever share your personal information, such as credit card numbers, bank account details, or passwords, with anyone or any website that you don't trust. Be cautious when receiving emails or messages that ask for your personal information, as they may be phishing scams.4. Use Strong PasswordsCreate strong and unique passwords for each of your online accounts. Avoid using simple passwords that can be easily guessed or found in a dictionary. Use a combination of letters, numbers, and special characters to create a strong password.5. Keep Your Software UpdatedKeeping your computer and mobile devices updated with the latest security software and patches is crucial to protect against online threats. Regularly update your operating system, web browser, and antivirus software to ensure that you have the latest security features.6. Use Credit Cards or Secure Payment MethodsWhen making online purchases, use a credit card or a secure payment method, such as PayPal or Apple Pay. These payment methods offer additional protection and can helpyou dispute charges if you become a victim of fraud.7. Check the Return PolicyBefore making a purchase, read the return policy of the retailer to understand their refund and exchange procedures. This will help you in case you need to return a product orif it doesn't meet your expectations.8. Keep Track of Your OrdersAfter making a purchase, keep track of your orders and monitor any changes in the status of your shipment. If you notice any unusual activity or delays, contact the retailer immediately to ensure that your order is secure.By following these tips, you can shop safely online and enjoy the convenience of purchasing goods and services from your favorite retailers. Remember to stay vigilant and protect your personal information to avoid becoming avictim of cybercrime.**如何安全网上购物**在当今数字化时代，网上购物已成为方便且流行的购买商品和服务的方式。
2021高考英语主题语境二人与社会Topic26传媒课件
substitute ①Can you look for something to substitute for petrol. ②(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)Unfortunately, you must carry the necessary equipment with you, since it's all but impossible to find natural substitutes.
(1)vi. _定__期__订__购__(或__订__阅__等__)__ to pay an amount of money regularly in
order to receive or use sth. (2)vt. _定__期__交__纳__(会__员__费__)_；__定__期__(_向__慈__善__机__构__)捐__款__；__定__期__捐__助__________
(1)根据汉语提示填空 ①The school library usuallys_u_b_s_c_ri_b_e_s (订阅) to many kinds of magazines. ②When I believe in you, I don't _s_u_b_s_cr_i_b_e (同意) to your viewpoint that she is failing to find a well-paid job again. ③He always _s_u_b_s_c_ri_b_e_s_ (捐赠) to charities.
instead of the one you normally use or have
address ①(2019·天津 6 月高考)All participants must address how communication or transportation technology has promoted the quality of life for Americans throughout history. ②It's reported that the head of state will address the nation through the Internet. ③The letter was correctly addressed, but delivered to the wrong house. ④(2019·北京高考)Trick you into “confirming” your address, mother's name, and card number.
Linux下的日文词典EBView
EBView是一个跨平台的EBWING格式词典浏览工具，同时支持Windows和Linux，和我一直推荐的Windows下日文桌面词典EBWin一样，EBView也具有体积小功能强的特点，只是在操作上可能不如EBWin那么直观，所以一直没有介绍。
不过如果经常在Linux（比如Ubuntu）下工作，又需要一个日文词典，EBView就非常管用了。
EBView有很多自己的特点，比如后缀修正（搜索日语的活用形时非常有用）、多词典搜索、屏幕取词、自动复制、联网搜索、本地文件搜索等等，在功能上基本上不输给Windows下的EBWin。
下面介绍Ubuntu下EBView的安装和使用方法。
1.下载和安装安装非常简单，在终端中输入sudo apt-get install ebview或者到新立得软件管理器中搜索安装都可以。
安装完成后可以在“应用程序”－－“附件”中找到。
2.配置本地词典EBView不能指定Catalog添加词典，不过方法更加简单，直接指定词典文件夹路径（Path）并设定好“搜索深度”（Deepth），然后点击“SearchDisk”EBView就会自动将路径下所有的词典都添加进来，这个方法其实EBWin也支持，只是我们通常不用。
EBView自动搜索到的结果可以进行编组分类，比如图中的普通词典和专业词典，这样可以避免使用多词典一次性搜索的时候太慢，另外也可以节约词典菜单空间。
没有词典文件的，可以查看这篇文章：PPC:EBPocket(EBWin)日文字典下载安装和使用教程3.配置联网搜索如果你想充分利用EBView提供的几十个词典搜索引擎，方便搜索无法在本地词典中找到的词语，可以配置一下外部浏览器。
默认命令为gnome-moz-remote％f，但是这样是无法调用Firefox的，因为Ubuntu8.10并未安装gnome-bin，所以需要你自己安装，然后创建并配置gnome-moz-remote文件。
WordNet发展历程介绍
· WordNet 从一个简单的“词典浏览器”（dictionary browser）发展成一个自足的词汇数据 库（self-contained lexical database），主要的进步是从 1989 年年初开始的。当时 SusanChipman 不满于 WordNet 仅仅作为一个词汇浏览器而存在，要求研究小组开发一个 工具。该工具可以在 WordNet 的基础上阅读一个文本，并报告文本中词语的各种信息。这 一工具即所谓的“Word Filter”（词过滤器）。罕用的或不符合需要的词能够从小说文档中 被过滤出去，而同时更常见的词语可以用来替代这些词。这个工作很快使我们意识到必须 对词形的曲折变化进行处理。这使得我们处理了有关词形方面的一些问题，WordNet 中仅 包含词语的基本形式，如果文本中出现“ships”，WordNet 就无法识别它。Richard Beckwith 和 Miceael Colon 写了一个程序，叫做 Morphy，可以识别出文本中的“ships”的 词形式“ship”。到 1989 年 9 月，WordNet 就可以处理文本中的词形变化，并在词库中找到 相应的词语基本形式。
· WordNet 中的词来自不同的地方。Brown 语料库、Laurence Urdang 的同义反义小词典 （1978）、Urdang 修订的 Rodale 同义词词典（1978）、以及 Robert Chapmand 的第 4 版罗杰斯同义词词林（1977）等。1986 年下半年，Miller 得到海军研究与发展中心的 Fred Chang 的一个词表，Miller 将 Chang 的词表跟 WordNet 已有的词表进行了比较，令 人沮丧的结果是只有 15%的重合词语，于是 Miller 把 Chang 的词表加入到 WordNet 中。 1993 年，Miller 得到了 Ralph Grishman 和他在纽约大学的同事的一个词表，39143 个词， 这个词表实际上包含在著名的 COMLEX 词典中。这一次比较的结果是，WordNet 中只包 含了 COMLEX 中 74%的词。于是 Miller 又把这个词表加入到 WordNet 中animalfauna动作行为食物所有物动物groupgroupingprocessartifactlocation团体过程人工物处所quantityamoutattributemotivationmotiverelation数量属性动机关系bodynaturalobjectshapecognitionknowledge身体自然物外形认知知识naturalphenomenonstatecommunicationpersonhumanbeing自然现象状态通信人类substanceeventhappeningplantfloratime物质事件植物时间feelingemotion情感这25类也可进一步概括为11个基本类由25个语义类形成的有关名词的25个元文件在语义层次上一般都是比较浅的
CAD中英文对照
Beep on Error出错报警错误时发出哔声
bevel倒角斜切
bevel倒角斜切
beveling objects斜角对象斜切物件
Bezier curve Bezier曲线Bezier曲线
Big Font大字体大字体
bind绑定并入
datum identifier基准标识基准识别字
datum reference frames基准参考框架基准参考框
datum reference letters基准参考字母基准参考文字
dbConnect数据库连接资料库连结
dbConnect Manager数据库连接收理器
dblist数据库列表资料库列示
DBMS drivers DBMS驱动资料库管理系统(DBMS)
ddattdef属性定义对话框动态属性定义
ddatte属性编辑对话框动态属性编辑
ddattext属性提取对话框动态属性萃取
ddcolor颜色对话框动态颜色设定
ddedit文字编辑对话框编辑文字与属性定义
ddgrips夹点对话框动态掣点设定
attenuation衰减衰减
attenuation of light灯光衰减光源衰减
attext属性提取属性萃取
attredef属性重定义属性重新定义
attribute definition属性定义属性定义
Attribute Display属性显示属性显示
attribute extraction file属性提取文件属性萃取档
clipping planes剪裁平面截取平面
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Postman官网教程,重点内容,翻译笔记,
Postman官⽹教程,重点内容,翻译笔记,json格式的提交数据需要添加：Content-Type ：application/x-www-form-urlencoded，否则会导致请求失败1. 创建 + 测试：创建和发送任何的HTTP请求，请求可以保存到历史中再次执⾏2. Organize: 使⽤Postman Collections为更有效的测试及集成⼯作流管理和组织APIs3. document: 依据你创建的Clollections⾃动⽣成API⽂档,并将其发布成规范的格式4. collarorate: 通过同步连接你的team和你的api，以及权限控制，API库注意：如果在输⼊参数时，没有⾃动decode到URL中，则可以选中参数右键后，选择EncodeURIComponent（⼀般都会⾃动填充的）同样也可以decode，将参数⽣成dictionary的形式（⼀般都会⾃动填充的）：有的URL中有path变量，postman可以⾃动提取该path变量为⼀个keymutipart/form-data是⽹页表单⽤来传输数据的默认格式。
可以模拟填写表单，并且提交表单。
urlencoded同前⾯⼀样，注意,你不能上传⽂件通过这个编码模式。
该模式和表单模式会容易混淆。
urlencoded中的key-value会写⼊URL，form-data模式的key-value不明显写⼊URL，⽽是直接提交。
raw request可以包含任何东西。
所有填写的text都会随着请求发送。
binaryimage, audio or video files.text files 。
也不能保存历史，每次选择⽂件，提交。
本地安装的Postman 优点,⽐较与⾕歌浏览器插件版本1. Cookie 本机应⽤程序可让您直接使⽤Cookie。
与Chrome应⽤不同，不需要单独的扩展。
2. 内置代理本机应⽤程序附带内置代理，可⽤于捕获⽹络流量。
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DEB–A Dictionary Editor and Browser Pavel Smrˇz and Martin Povoln´y Faculty of Informatics,Masaryk University Brno Botanick´a68a,60200Brno,Czech RepublicE-mail:{smrz,xpovolny}@fi.muni.czAbstractXML and related W3C standards(XSLT,XML Schema,XPath,DOM,etc.)take often part in the linguistic datarepresentation and interchange todaybut not as a direct way to implementefficient data manipulation softwaretools.The aim of the paper is to showthat incorporation of XML and the stan-dards that surrounds it can bring generalapplicability of the implemented systemfor various kinds of linguistic data andalso easy extensibility of such systems.As a case study we present a designedand implemented system called DEB(Dictionary Editor and Browser)that isable to manage lexical data from dic-tionaries to lexical databases,semanticnetworks,and complex ontologies.Thesmart design also facilitates the connec-tion to other linguistic tools such as cor-pus managers or morphological analy-sers.1IntroductionStandard dictionaries usually present their entries in a more or less simple form—chosen informa-tion from one or few related entries are displayed at a moment.However,highly structured wordnet-like semantic networks and specialised ontologies call for different possibilities of data views.Most of terminological databases and the simplest and the most common ontologies form tree hierarchi-cal structures.Many systems are based on hierar-chies with multi-parent relations and so form di-rected acyclic graph(DAG)structures.There are also cases where one wants to work with cycles in entry links and therefore with structures of gen-eral graphs,or more precisely with multigraphs. All the structures mentioned above offer an ap-propriate representation of data but they can cause serious efficiency problems when one attempts to visualise the organization of entries.We present the designed and implemented sys-tem called DEB(Dictionary Editor and Browser) that is able to manage lexical data from dictionar-ies to lexical databases,semantic networks,and complex ontologies.It enables to store,index and efficiently retrieve linguistic data,define different views on these data,and provide some metalevel statistics.XML is not used as the data format only. It plays its role in customization of the user inter-face,too.XML(Bray et al.,2000),XML Schema(Fall-side,2001),XSLT(Clark,1999),and other stan-dards play a crucial role in DEB.We take XML as a tool for the whole process of lexical database and/or ontology creation.The incorporation of the standard can bring the advantage of general ap-plicability of the implemented system for various kinds of data and also easy extensibility of such systems.DEB implements special features for the ef-ficient management of data organized in pos-sibly complex networks.The primary stim-ulus of our work has been the aim to pro-vide a universal system for efficient manipu-lation with WordNet-like databases.We have taken part in the EuroWordNet II(V ossen, 1998)and BalkaNet(http://www.ceid. upatras.gr/Balkanet/)EC projects and so the need for such a tool has become obvious. The universality of DEB can be demonstrated by the fact that it is used not only for the devel-opment of the Czech lexical database but also for the storage and retrieval of several dictionaries in-cluding the largest Czech dictionaries with more than200,000entries and for various other linguis-tic resources.DEB is based on a specialised module for data storage,namely on FINLIB text indexing library for the conversion of data into a binary format and FININDEX for efficient retrieving.It is in contrast to other systems that do not implement own stor-age mechanisms and bear rather on the support of various tools,e.g.on relational databases.DEB is therefore independent on such external tools. Moreover,the structure of data is much moreflex-ible,addition of tags and attributes makes no prob-lems,etc.This feature also facilitates the integra-tion of different lexical data types under one um-brella like direct connections of usage information into to corpora.Lexical semantic databases can then be viewed as containing semistructured data. There are many systems that are able to store dictionary-like data,some of them useing XML as the core element.Many dictionary publishing houses also operate large systems with the com-plex functionality of so called lexicographic sta-tions that manipulate XML in the last years.How-ever,these and similar tools are not able to effi-ciently retrieve data needed for ontology or seman-tic networks browsing or even editing.Therefore, they are not able to provide a universal environ-ment for lexical database management.On the other hand,DEB does not implement a strong web support in its current version and so does not facilitates extensions of semantic net-works by many users as e.g.Papillon does.The possibility of a combination that would join the advantages of the two systems remains open. The rest of the paper is organized as follows. The next section offers details about system archi-tecture,the basics of the query language and client side.The third section presents the original exten-sion of the XSLT processor by the mechanism of nested queries.Then we demonstrate the advan-tages of the system on the example of multilingual WordNet management system.We conclude our paper with some future directions of our work.2System ArchitectureThe overall architecture of DEB is presented in Figure1.The following subsections discuss par-ticular components of the system.2.1DEB ServerThe server side originated as a practical outcome of two Master theses at the Faculty of Informat-ics,Masaryk University in Brno,Czech Repub-lic(Kar´a sek,2000),(Koˇr enˇe k,2002).The DEB server is responsible of the storage and retrieval of data.It consists of the following components: 1.a program that converts XML data into binaryrepresentation using the text indexing library FINLIB(Rychl´y,2000);2.a library and a program that implement a spe-cialized language for querying multiple dic-tionaries and allow retrieval of the results by dictionary client programs.DEB does not validate the XML data during the conversion.Thus,it is advisable to use a DTD or XML Schema based validator beforehand.2.2Querying the ServerIn order demonstrate the basic features of the query language,we present a simple example of retrieving data from the DEB server.Supposing we have two dictionaries:1.Czech WordNet,identified as“wn cz”,withentries of the following form:<synonym><ili>00004865-n</ili><pos>n</pos><hypernym>00001234-n</hypernym><li sense="1">podvod</li><li sense="1">podraz</li><li sense="1">podfuk</li><li sense="6">bouda</li></synonym>Figure1:Schema of DEB data interchange2.a dictionary containing English glosses,identified as“gloss en”,connected through the ili records with entries of the following form:<en><ili>00004865-n</ili><gloss>an act of deliberatebetrayal</gloss></en>Then we can for example run the following queries:•wn_cz-*sub"pod"–search all entries in the“wn cz”dictionary that contain the substring“pod”anywhere;•gloss:(wn_cz-liexa"bouda")–in“wn cz”find entries that contain the li tag with the text“bouda”,and then take the content of the ili tag of such an entry(projection);•gloss:(gloss_en-ili exa ili:(wn_cz-*exa"bouda"))–find en-tries in“wn cz”that contain the word “bouda”,then make projection on ili and search the result in the projection of the ili tag in the“gloss en”dictionary.Then makeprojection on the gloss tag.2.3DEB ClientsDEB clients use XSLT for transforming dictionary entries into HTML,which is then presented to the user with the help of a HTML widget.The chosen architecture allows hypertext links in the dictio-nary or between dictionaries as well as easy link-ing of other content.Functions that could take ad-vantage of this feature are,for example,linking dictionary entries with corpus usage examples,or incorporating audio data into a dictionary.A universal client should be able to work not only with standard dictionaries but also with lex-ical databases that can contain a complex system of links between their lexical entries.Such a client can benefit from the client-side caching of parsed dictionary entries in DOM(H´e garet,2002)and from the use of XPath(Clark and DeRose,1999) for extraction of important parts of the entries.All this functionality is provided by DEB.The user can modify the dictionary data view by supplying their own XSLT sheet.It gives DEB clients an additional level offlst but not least,most of the features described above can be included in a“thin”dictionary client applica-tion accessible by standard web browsers.This configuration is used in the CZEnglish project —an Internet based English teaching project for students of Philosophical Faculty,Masaryk Uni-vesity,Brno.3XSLT Processor ExtensionXML data retrieved by a dictionary server can be simply sent to a XSLT processor,transformed to HTML(or another format)and presented to theFigure2:XSLT processor running queries nested in the XSLT scriptuser.The dataflow schema perfectly suits standard dictionaries where one usually needs to work with a small number of entries only.However,this sim-ple approach comes across obstacles when visual-izing data from WordNet-like lexical databases as most information is in the relations between en-tries represented by links.And things get even worse if we want to allow users to customize their data views.Then,for ex-ample,one user might want to see the transitive closure of the hypernym-hyponym relation while another might want to see hypernyms of antonyms of the word being examined.The system would need to know in advance what data will be necessary for displaying an en-try.It is obvious that the power of the own data view definition using XSLT has its dark side in the impossibility to efficiently fetch data from the dic-tionary server when using the simple method.A solution that may naturally come into one’s mind is to send the whole dictionary into the XSLT processor.Unfortunately,it would be too slow and with the current XSLT processors we would run out of memory as soon as our dictionary has reached tens of MBs.Moreover,we often need to display data from more than one dictionary at the same time,for example,data from WordNets in different languages.Our solution to the problem is as follows.We have extended the XSLT processor to allow addi-tional dictionary queries from the XSLT proces-sor.XSLT sheets can contain request data from the server based on the entry being processed.The modified dataflow schema is shown in Figure2. The creation of such an extension is possi-ble even without breaking the rules of the XSLT language.We can register a new schema han-dler(Kaiser and Cimprich,2002)within the XSLT processor(by schema we understand the part of URI before the double slash,such as http,ftp,file,etc.).The schema creates a vir-tual space of XML documents which are results of the DEB queries.From the XSLT processor point of view,accessing the DEB dictionary data is the same as accessing any other external resources. Let us demonstrate the described mechanism of the XSLT processor extension on the following example.Supposing we work with a WordNet database in XML where hypernyms of synsets are tagged as<hypernym>ILI</hypernym>, where ILI is a link to another synset,for example <hypernym>00001234-n</hypernym>. The following XSLT code replaces hypernym elements in WordNet entries with tuples of words and their sense indexes:<xsl:for-each select="hypernym"><xsl:for-each select="document(concat(’deb://wn_cz-iliexa"’,text(),’"’))/data/synset/synonym/literal"><xsl:value-of select="text()"/>(<xsl:value-of select="sense"/>) </xsl:for-each></xsl:for-each>The string document(concat(’deb:// wn cz-ili exa"’,text(),’"’))tells the XSLT processor to access document wn cz-ili exa"’, text(),’"’in the schema deb, which means exec query wn cz-ili exa "ili",where ili is the content of the hyper-nym element of entry currently being processed. The same mechanism can be used for all rela-tions in selected WordNet dictionary or even be-tween WordNets in different languages.The re-lations can be either explicitly marked-up in the current entry,such as the hypernym relation,or given by reversion of such a relation,such as the hyponym relation.For example,the following XSLT code queriesthe DEB server for all hyponyms of currently pro-cessed entry and adds corresponding literals to the output:<xsl:template match="data/synset"> <xsl:for-each select="document(concat(’deb://wn_cz-hypernym exa"’,ili,’"’))/data/synset/synonym/literal"><xsl:value-of select="text()"/>(<xsl:value-of select="sense"/>) </xsl:for-each></xsl:template>More elaborate example is demonstrated on..... <entry id="1"><hw sense="1">money</hw><rel type="hypernym_is"link="6"/><definition>a current medium ofexchange in the form of coinsand banknotes;coins andbanknotes collectively</definition></entry><entry id="2"><hw sense="1">pelf</hw><rel type="archaic_var_of"link="1"/> </entry><entry id="3"><hw sense="1">specie</hw><rel type="formal_var_of"link="1"/></entry><entry id="4"><hw sense="2">dough</hw><rel type="informal_var_of"link="1"/> </entry><entry id="5"><hw sense="2">brass</hw><rel type="informal_var_of"link="1"/> <langvar>Brit</langvar></entry>The complete XSLT script that transforms the above type of data is given in Figure3.For each entry(line5)output a h1tag containing the headword hw and sense number sense(lines5,6).Then we look for all rel elements with value of the type attribute equal to“formal var of”,“ar-chaic var of or“informal var of””(lines7,8)and take their attribute link to construct a query for the DEB server to get the basic synonym of the original word(This is done on lines9and10.). Then we process the results of the nested query (lines11to30).First we make a h2tag containing the headword(line11).Next we run three nested DEB queries to get words that are in various re-lations with the current word,and then we output the resulting words in different colors for each re-lation.4DEB Support for Lexical Database DevelopmentDEB supports also the development of lexical databases.As some linguists in each team can work distantly,there is a need to merge data and to check consistency on the server side.Thus DEB clients record all modifications performed on the lexical database and generate change logs. These change logs called“journals”are XMLfiles which describe how the local copy of the database has been modified,i.e.which records have been added,deleted or updated.The same set of op-erations should be performed on the data stored in the central server.DEB provides the function of journal blending and data versioning to be able to check and report the results of data consistency tests.The structure of journal lines is as follows:•the snapshot of an entry before the operation •the new version of the entry•time of the request•an identifier of the user(editor)The architecture of DEB should support differ-ent concepts of individual and team,local and re-mote development of lexical data.1.In the simplest concept there is a singleuser/editor working with the server.Even in this concept the journal has a good use.It allows us to go back in time and gain version of the database valid at a specified time.We can also use it to undo specified actions.2.Simple team work is supported in the con-cept of on-line development of multiple edi-tors.All users share single DEB server and work on one version of data thus all changes are available instantly to all team members.In this concept journal can provide informa-tion about who and when did what changes.This information can be(in some cases)used to undo specific user’s actions.01:<?xml version="1.0"encoding="iso-8859-1"?>02:<xsl:stylesheet version="1.0"xmlns:xsl="/1999/XSL/Transform"> 03:<xsl:output encoding="iso-8859-1"method="html"/>04:05:<xsl:template match="data/entry">06:<h1><xsl:value-of select="hw/text()"/>(<xsl:value-of select="hw/@sense"/>)</h1> 07:<xsl:for-each select="rel[@type=’formal_var_of’]|rel[@type=’archaic_var_of’]| 08:rel[@type=’informal_var_of’]">09:<xsl:for-each select="document(concat(’deb://test-id exa"’,@link, 10:’"’))">11:<h2><xsl:value-of select="data/entry/hw/text()"/></h2>12:<p><xsl:value-of select="data/entry/definition/text()"/></p>13:14:<xsl:for-each select="document(concat(’deb://test-rel<type>exaattr 15:"orth_var_of"’,’and test-rel<link>exaattr"’,16:data/entry/id/text(),’"’))/data/entry/hw">17:<font color="green"><xsl:value-of select="text()"/></font>18:</xsl:for-each>19:20:<xsl:for-each select="document(concat(’deb://test-rel<type>exaattr 21:"formal_var_of"’,’and test-rel<link>exaattr"’, 22:data/entry/id/text(),’"’))/data/entry/hw">23:<font color="red"><xsl:value-of select="text()"/></font>24:</xsl:for-each>25:26:<xsl:for-each select="document(concat(’deb://test-rel<type>exaattr 27:"informal_var_of"’,’and test-rel<link>exaattr"’, 28:data/entry/id/text(),’"’))/data/entry/hw">29:<font color="blue"><xsl:value-of select="text()"/></font>30:</xsl:for-each>31:</xsl:for-each>32:</xsl:for-each>33:</xsl:template>34:35:</xsl:stylesheet>Figure3:sample XSLT script3.The most powerfull is the third model,whichconsists of:•Central DEB server(potentionaly withsome users working as in the previousconcept)•One or more local DEB servers whichdo not have full-time connectivity orenough bandwidth to the central DEBserver.Each with one or moreusers/editors.Changes done by users on local DEB servers are from time to time transmited to the central DEB server and also the changes on the central server are propagated to the local DEB servers.In this scenario journals play major role in the synchronization of the local DEB servers with the central one.Picture4represents a development cycle in the third model.1.In thefirst step at time T0whole dictio-nary/database is exported in XML format from the central DEB server.Then these data are imported into the local DEB server.2.Step two represents users working with theirDEB clients on the local DEB server.3.In step three at time T1journal of changesfrom the local DEB server is taken and in-teractively applied using DEB client to the central DEB server.During this application various conflicts may arise5This process re-sults into new wersion of the database to be present at the central server.4.In the step four at time T2after the merging isdone central DEB server either prepares jour-Figure4:Synchronization of DEB serversnal of changes between versions of time T0 and T2which is then automaticly applied on the local DEB server to the data from step1, or similarly as infirst step,full dictionary in XML is exported.5.Then the process repeats from step two. During the step4many problems arise some of which are also relevant in the”on-line develop-ment”model.5Applying the journal of changes to the data on the deb serverEach entry in the journal/changelog must be semi-automaticly applied.Support for this should be in the DEB client.Conflicts during insert.•key already existing–assign new key–reject–replace •XML Schema(or other schema language) constraint failure[entry structure],local eval-uation•global data constraints XSLT+nested DEB Conflicts during delete.•entry already deleted–skip journal entry•entry changed–delete anyway–skip...•changed entry’s primary key(currently as if deleted)•global data constraints XSLT+nested DEB Conflicts during update•entry deleted–create new entry–skip•entry changed–change anyway–skip–merge changes(using some of the xmld-iff tools)•XML Schema(or other schema language) constraint failure[entry structure],local eval-uation•global data constraints XSLT+nested DEB 6Consistency checksDEB server supports two types of consistency checks/constraints.1.XML Schema and DTD grammar checks forindividual dictionary entries.2.Global constraints that have the form ofXSLT scripts with nested DEB queries.These scripts contain checks for individual constraining condiions.These checks can apply to whole dictionary or even to more dictionaries.This concept is somehow similar to Schema-tron(?)in it’s rule-based manner.7ConclusionsWe have introduced DEB—our XML-based client-server system that allows fast development of lexical databases and general ontologies.The main concept that we have demonstrated is the extension of a XSLT processor with the ability to get additional data by querying the dictionary server.In our future work with the server side we would like to implement XPath evaluation inside the dic-tionary server to make its interface closer to W3C standards.Another task is to make the server work metadata.We will also consider the implementa-tion of some data versioning features in the server. We would also like to separate the core func-tionality from existing DEB clients and make it a separate layer in order to get a three-level architec-ture which would further ease the development of specialized dictionary applications for thin clients such as WWW browsers.Current work on standardization of language re-sources(Lenci and Ide,2002)focuses on creation of unified format for representation of multilingual lexical data.We strongly believe that DEB could be used as a standard tool for browsing and editing of data in the proposed RDF-based formats. 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