深圳牛津八年级下unit2-知识点归纳和练习

八年级下册
Unit 2 Body language
一、词汇
二、词组
三、句型
1. What body language are the boy and the girl showing?
show: 显示, 展示show – showed – showed / shown
【拓展】① (v) 给….看，出示.
show sb sth = show sth to sb 给某人看某物
e.g.: Please show me your photo. = Please show your photo to me. 请给我看一看你的照片。

②(n) 演出，节目，展览会。

e.g.: The show starts at 7:30 p.m. 演出在晚上7:30开始。

2. A well-dressed lady entered the office.
well - dressed: (adj) 衣着入时的，穿着讲究的
a well - dressed lady 一位穿着讲究的女士
【拓展】dress: (v) 及物动词给…. 穿衣服，后常接人作宾语。

e.g.: The little girl is too young to dress hersel
f. 小女孩太小了，不能自己穿衣服。

get dressed: 穿衣服dress up: 盛装，打扮
3. People always choose Debbie instead of me.
instead of: 介词短语，代替。

它后面常接宾语，宾语多由名词、代词、动词ing 形式充当。

e.g.: We'll ask Li Mei instead of Mary.
【辨析】instead of 与instead：
instead 代替”“替代”，作副词用，通常位于句尾。

如位于句首时常用逗号与后面隔开。

instead 在顺接句子中作“代替”讲，而在转折（或逆转）句子中作“然而”讲。

Lily isn't here. Ask Lucy instead. Lily不在这儿，去问Lucy吧.
instead of instead of是介宾短语，其意与instead相同，不同之处在于它后面常接宾语，其宾语多由名词、代词、动词ing 形式充当。

I'll go instead of her. 我会替她去。

4. Her body language is making people feel welcome, so they go to her for help.
make sb do sth: 是某人做某事，make此处做使役动词，意为“使、让”。

make / have / let sb do sth: 让某人做某事。

The moving story made us cry.
make sb / sth done: “sth/sb”是被动的完成某一动作。

She can’t make herself heard in Chinese.【拓展】make 的其他用法：
①be made to do sth: 被迫去做某事
I was made to stay at home yesterday.
②make sth to do sth: 制作某物五做某事。

Make此处为实义动词“制作”。

They made a fire to keep warm.
③make it + 形容词/名词to do sth: 使做某事…..
此处it为形式宾语，真正宾语为动词不定式结构。

The internet makes it easy to look up information. 因特网使查找信息变得容易。

④make sb / sth + 形容词: 使某人/某物…..
Our teacher tries to make her class interesting.
5.A few months later, she left with a smile.
leave (v): 离开leave –left –left
【拓展】leave: (v) 剩下，留下，通常用起过去分词作定语。

Is there any food left in the fridge? 冰箱里还有剩余的食物吗
leave + 地点名词：离开某地He will leave his country two days later.
leave for + 地点名词：动身去某地We’re leaving for Beijing tomorrow morning.
6. She wanted to remind me that tomorrow is her birthday.
remind: 提醒，使记起。

常用结构：remind sb of / about sb / sth: 使某人想起某人/ 某事
remind sb + that从句: 提醒某人….
remind sb to do sth: 提醒某人做某事
7.keep something in a place:
keep: 保持，保留keep –kept –kept
【拓展】keep的其他用法：
①keep +形容词: 保持…（在某一状态）keep healthy 保持健康keep warm保暖
②keep doing sth: 一直做某事，不间断地做某事
You shouldn’t keep thinking about it.
③keep on doing sth: 反复做某事The student kept on asking me the same question.
④keep…from doing sth: 阻止/ 防止…做某事
In order to keep the children from swimming in the sea, he keeps them staying at home all day.
8. I can get another job like this.
【辨析】another, the other, others与the others：
another 另一个的，再一个的= one more 或a different one
只从三个或三个以上的人或物中除去已知部分后“余下部分中的某一个”，非特指。

the other 另一个= the second of the two 指两者中的另一个，是特指，常与one连用。

others 另一些，再一些= some of the rest 只从三个或三个以上的人或物中除去已知部分后“余下部分中的某一些”，非特指，常与some连用。

the others 其余的，剩余的= all of the rest 只从三个或三个以上的人或物中除去已知部分后“余下部分中的全部”，是特指。

9.Mr. Yang came over at once and said, “You made a good impression on her, Simon.”
come over意为“过来”。

如：
Can you come over again tomorrow night? 我们明天晚上能再过来吗？
at once意为“立刻；马上”，与immediately 意思相近。

其他表示这一含义的词组还有：
right now, right away, without delay等。

如：
I decided what to do at once/right now/ right away/without delay/immediately.我当即决定了该怎么办。

make a good impression on sb意为“给某人留下好印象”。

也可以用
leave a good/bad impression on sb表示“给某人留下好/坏印象”。

如：
It is important to make/leave a good impression on the interviewer.面试的时候给考官留下好印象是很重要的。

10.提建议常用句型：
1. Why not go skating? 为什么不去滑冰呢？
2. Why don’t you go to Harbin? 你为什么不去哈尔滨呢？
3. What about / How about going skating? 去滑冰怎么样？
4. You’d better go skating. 你最好去滑冰。

【拓展】①shall we + 动词原形…..：我们….好吗？
②let’s + 动词原形….：让我们…吧
③you ought to / should + 动词原形…：你应该….
④would you like to + 动词原形…：你想…吗？
四、语法
动名词的用法：
（1）作主语：常位于句首，此时谓语动词应使用第三人称单数形式。

Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。

注意：当动名词作句子的主语时，谓语动词使用单数形式。

Swimming is her favourite sport. 游泳是她最喜欢的运动。

（2）作动词和介词的宾语。

She likes singing and dancing. 她喜欢唱歌跳舞。

注意：介词后出现动词时，通常要用动名词形式，不能用动词原形，通常也不用不定式。

Thank you for helping us. 谢谢你帮助我们。

He left without saying good-bye. 他没有告别就离开了。

（3）动名词可以有自己的宾语。

Finding work is difficult these days. 现在找工作可不容易。

He enjoys playing basketball. 他喜爱打篮球。

4. 与动词搭配的doing用法：
1 keep doing sth
一直作某事 Keep driving until you see the cinema, then turn left.
开着车一直向前，看见电影院就向左拐。

2 be busy doing sth
忙于做某事 He was busy doing his homework. 他正忙于写家庭作业。

3 spend time / money (in) doing sth 花时间/ 金钱做某事
He spends much time playing every day. 他每天花许多时间玩耍。

4 finish doing sth 完成某事Can you finish writing in ten minutes？你十分钟能写完吗？
5 enjoy doing sth 喜欢做某事The boy enjoyed listening to music. 这个男孩喜欢听音乐。

6 mind doing sth 介意做某事Do you mind my opening the window? 你介意我开窗户吗？
7 feel like doing sth 想要做某事I’m not feeling well. I don’t feel like eating. 我感觉不舒服。

我不想吃东西。

8 stop (keep, prevent) sb/ sth from doing sth 阻止某人/某物做某事My dad stopped me from going out. 我爸爸不让我出去。

9 thank …for doing sth 为了某事而感谢某人Thank you so much for inviting me. 非常感谢你邀请我。

10 waste time/ money doing sth
浪费时间/金钱做某事Don’t waste time reading such books. 不要浪费时间读这样的书。

11 be worth doing sth 值得做某事The teacher thought Tom was not worth teaching. 老师认为汤姆不值得教。

12 can’t help doing s th
情不自禁（忍不住）做某事 She could not helping laughing after she heard the story.
当她听了这个故事后，情不自禁地笑了起来。

13 give up doing sth 放弃做某事The doctor told me to give up smoking. 医生告诉我要戒烟。

14 be used to doing sth
习惯于做某事My grandpa is used to living in the countryside. 我的爷爷习惯于住在乡下。

15 what about / how about doing sth 做某事怎么样What/ How about playing football this afternoon? 今天下午踢足球怎么样？
16 have trouble doing sth
很费劲地做某事We had a lot of trouble finding the book you wanted. 我们费劲周折才找到您要的书。

17 practise doing sth 练习做某事You should practise speaking English as much as possible. 你应
当尽可能多地练习说英语。

18 It is no use (good) doing sth 做……没用It’s no good complaining. 抱怨是没有用的。

19 no + doing …禁止，不准No parking! 不准停车！
20 look forward to doing sth
盼望着做某事I’m looking forward to hearing from you. 我盼望着收到你的来信。

21 pay attention to doing sth
注意做某事 You must pay attention to protecting the environment.你要注意保护环境。

22 suggest doing sth 建议做某事I suggest going there by train. 我建议乘火车去那里。

23 avoid dong sth 避免做某事The book tells you how to avoid getting ill while traveling.
这本书告诉你怎样在旅行期间防止生病。

24 do + some + doing do some cooking/ shopping / cleaning/ washing/ reading/ 做饭（购物，打扫卫生，洗衣服，读书）
25 go + doing去做某事 go shopping/ fishing / swimming/ skating/ boating/ climbing the hill/ hunting / hiking / sightseeing
（去购物/钓鱼/ 游泳/ 滑冰/ 划船/ 爬山/ 远足/ 观光）
Unit 2 Body language 单元测试
姓名分数
I. 词汇运用(每小题1分，共15分)
i. 根据句意，选择与划线部分意思最接近的选项。

(每小题1分，共8分)
( ) 1. The house faces towards the river.
A.in
B.to
C.at
( ) 2. His appearance attracts many people.
A.look
B.height
C.action
( ) 3. She is well-dressed when she goes out..
A. in good clothes
B.in simple clothes
C.unpopular
( ) 4. At first I didn't find Jack. Later, I found him in the library.
A. Quickly
B. After sometime
C. Suddenly
( ) 5. Larry is bored with too much homework.
A. is afraid of
B. is tired of
C. isn’t unhappy with
( ) 6. When are you going to leave?
A. set off
B. put off
C. take off
( ) 7. The car accident took place at 6:30 P.M. yesterday.
A. held
B. lost
C. happen
( ) 8. Learning a language needs time and effort.
A. returns
B. remembers
C. requires
ii. 选择恰当的词汇或短语完成句子。

(每小题1分，共7分)
( ) 9. A________ is a movement of hand, held that expresses something.
A. signature
B. gesture
C. lecture
( ) 10. A(n) _________ is someone acting in a play or show.
A. singer
B. designer
C. actor
( ) 11. If you feel _________ , it means you feel unhappy because of being alone or without friends?.
A. tired
B. surprised
C. lonely
( ) 12. China is a country a long history.
A. with
B. has
C. have
( ) 13. – My mother makes me a lot of extra homework every weekend.
– Oh, I am so sorry to hear that.
A. to do
B. do
C. does
( ) 14. A__________ lady means a lady who wears nice clothes.
A. patient
B. cheerful
C. well-dressed
( ) 15. We ________ hands ________ each other and sat down.
A. shake; with
B. shook; with
C. shook; for
II. 单项选择(每小题1分，共15分)
( ) 16. The magazines are ________ easy that the children can read them well.
A. such
B. so
C. too
( ) 17. Be careful when you come _______ the street，because the traffic is very busy
at the moment.
A. across
B. behind
C. between
( ) 18. I __________ the hospital at eight o’clock this morning.
A. got
B. reached to
C. arrived at
( ) 19. --- _________ eye contact is very important during a conversation.
--- Yes. It is a kind of body ________.
A. Making; invention
B. Make; language
C. Making; language
( ) 20. --- I'm very interested in ________ basketball.
--- Me too. But I don't have time ______ every day.
A. playing; to play
B. play; to play
C. playing; playing
( ) 21. --- Can you tell me how to make a good impression ________others?
--- Smile often. That is the ________to success.
A. on; model
B. in, key
C. on; key
( ) 22. --- What’s the _________with you?
---I _______in the exam.
A. matter failed
B. question; failed
C. matter, sighed
( ) 23. --- I am very _______ with my job now. What should I do?
--- Why don't you _______ for a few months?
A. boring; rest
B. bored; to rest
C. bored; rest
( ) 24. – Would you like to come to my house for dinner tonight?
–I’d like to,I have lots of homework to do.
A. and
B. or
C. but
( ) 25. -- What should I do if I __________ with you?
--- You should _______your head.
A. will agree; nod
B. agree; nod
C. agree; lose
( ) 26. --- Do you mind _______ your bike to me?
--- Of Course not. But you have to return _________before 5 o’clock.
A. to lend; it
B. to lend; one
C. lending; it
( ) 27. --- I don't want to ________her advice because I think it is useless.
--- You're right. I ________ think so.
A. accept; also
B. receive; also
C. accept; too
( ) 28. Tom likes playing the guitar and he enjoys dancing _________.
A. however
B. either
C. as well
( )29.When will you come to my house? I can’t wait _______ you.
A. meeting
B. to meet
C. met
( ) 30. 2. No one enjoys _______ at.
A. laughing
B. to laugh
C. being laughed
III. 完型填空(每小题1.5分，共15分)
Have you ever offered a helping hand to those who are in trouble?
One day, two ______ (31) were walking along the road to school when they saw an old woman carrying a large basket of pears. They thought the woman looked very ______ (32). They went up to her and said, “Are you going to town? If you are, we will help carry your basket.”
“Thank you,” ______ (33) the woman, “you are very kind. You see I’m weak and ill.” Then she told them that she was now going to market to ______ (34) the pears which grew on the only tree in her little garden.
“We are all going to the ______ (35).” said the boys. “Let us have the basket.” And they took hold of it, one each side. They walked ______ (36) with the heavy basket, but happily.
The other day, I saw a little girl stop and ______ (37) a piece of orange peel (皮), which she threw into the dustbin (垃圾桶), “I wish ______ (38) would throw that on the sidewalk,” said she. “Someone may step on it and fall.”
Perhaps some may say that these are not ______ (39) things. That is right. But such a little thing shows that you have a thoughtful mind and a feeling heart. We must not wait for the ______ (40) to do great things. We must begin with little things of love.
31. A. boys B. girls C. men
32. A. bored B. tired C. pleased
33. A. asked B. told C. replied
34. A. bring B. buy C. sell
35. A. town B. market C. garden
36. A. weakly B. quickly C. slowly
37. A. take out B. pick up C. cut off
38. A. nobody B. everybody C. somebody
39. A. little B. good C. great
40. A. pay B. time C. advice
IV. 阅读理解(每小题1.5分，共30分)
A
On May 23, Shenzhen introduced tough new rules in order to discourage the “Chinese style of crossing the road”. “Chinese people cross roads without thinking about traffic lights, so long as they are part of a crowd,” said a post on Sina Weibo.
A CCTV news program showed that in only an hour, more than 600 people jumped red lights when crossing a road in Shijiazhuang, Hebei.
Many people say that they jaywalk(乱穿马路) because the red light lasts too long. Such an opinion is supported by a research team at Tongji University. The team did research on people’s waiting times at different road crossings for three years. They found that Chinese people would wait for 70 to 90 seconds(秒) before they lost their patience. “People are likely to ignore(忽视) the light when the waiting time is longer than they can bear,”said Ni Ying, a member of the research team.
However, a survey on Sina Weibo suggested that people jaywalk mainly because they ignore rules. “I alway s obey traffic rules. Time is important but safety should come first,” someone wrote on his Weibo. Many countries give out punishments to jaywalkers. In Singapore, the maximum can be three months in prison. Some Chinese cities have started taking some actions, too. For example, the first three people in a jaywalking group will be fined 50 yuan in Shijiazhuang.
But calling on people to respect rules is more important. To completely solve the problem, everyone should realize the importance of obeying the traffic rules.
41. Which of the following is the “Chinese style road crossing”?
A. To cross a road slowly.
B. To follow the basic traffic rules.
C. To wait for the traffic light to turn green.
D. To cross roads without looking at traffic lights.
42. What does the phrase “the team” in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A. A CCTV news program.
B. A research group at Tongji University.
C. A post on Sina Weibo.
D. A daily newspaper.
43. How long will Chinese people wait for to cross the road before they lose patience?
A. About five minutes.
B. Less than one minute.
C. Less than one and a half minutes.
D. More than ten minutes.
44. Why do people jaywalk according to the survey on SinaWeibo?
A. Because people don’t pay much attention to ru les.
B. Because there are too many people on the road.
C. Because the red light lasts too long.
D. Because people have less patience.
45. The writer suggests that we should __________ to solve the problem of jaywalking.
A. punish the jaywalkers
B. reduce (减少) the time of red lights
C. ignore the traffic rules
D. call on people to obey the traffic rules
B
Imagine one day, the water taps in your house stop running. You have to buy water from shops. And still there isn’t enough for everyone. Your mother has to save the family’s shower water to do other things. Would you be able to stand that kind of life?
Probably not. But that’s what kids in Yemen are experiencing. Experts said Yemen is going to be the first country in the world to run out of water. According to a report, the capital, Sanaa, will run out of drinking water as early as 2025.
Because of the shortage, the government often cuts the water supply. Hannan, an 18-year-old from Lahej, told the Times: “In a good week we’ll have a w ater supply all week. But then the following week there will be water only for a day or two.”
Hannan said only rich people have enough water to use. They can buy water from the shops or from the water truck. Private companies own the trucks. They travel around the city every day to sell water – at very high prices.
“A lot of people can’t afford it,” she said.
The average person in Yemen uses 100 to 200 cubic meters of water per year. That is far below the international water poverty line of 1,000 cubic meters.
The government is thinking of making use of seawater. But it will cost a lot and it may not happen soon enough to help the people of Yemen.
46.The purpose of the text is to _______.
A．tell us what life is like in Yemen
B．draw our attention to water shortage
C．remind us how important water is
D．show us ways of solving problems
47.The underlined word “that”in Paragraph 2 refers to _____.
A．buying water from shops
B．drinking dirty water
C．suffering from water shortage
D．washing clothes with used water
48.Hannan described _____.
A．what her life is like
B．how beautiful Lahej is
C．how people use water fully
D．how heavy the traffic in Lahej is
49.The Yemen Government _____.
A．has found a practical solution
B．only cares about rich people
C．may try to make use of seawater
D．can do nothing about the water supply
50.We can infer from the text that _____.
A．Sanaa will run out of water in 10 years
B．Hannan is a teenager from a rich family
C．the capital of Yemen is developing fast
D．private companies make a lot of money
C
Green is an important color in nature. It is the color of grass and the leaves on trees. It is the color of most growing plants, too.
Sometimes, the word green means young, fresh and growing. Sometimes, it describes something that is not yet finished or plants that are not ripe.
For example, a greenhorn is someone who has no experience, who is new to a situation. In the fifteenth century, a greenhorn was a young cow or ox whose horns had not yet developed. A century or so later, a greenhorn was a soldier who had not yet had any experience in war (战争). By the eighteenth century, a greenhorn had the meaning it has today--a person who is new in a job.
About one hundred years ago, greenhorn was a popular expression in the American west. Old-timers used it to describe a man who had just arrived from one of the big cities in the e ast. The greenhorn didn’t have the skills that he would need to live in the hard, rough country.
Someone who has the ability to grow plants well is said to have a green thumb. The expression comes from the early nineteen hundreds.
A person with a green thumb seems to have a magic touch that makes plants grow quickly and well. You might say that the woman next door has a green thumb if her garden continues to grow long after your plants have died.
The Green Revolution (革命) is the name which was given some years ago to the development of new kinds of rice and other grains. The new plants produced much larger crops. The Green Revolution was the result of hard work by agricultural (农业的) scientists who had green thumbs.
51. According to the passage, a greenhorn means________ now.
A. a young cow or ox whose horns have not yet developed
B. a soldier who has not had any experience in war
C. a person who is new in a job
D. a man who doesn’t have the skills to live in the country
52. The meaning of the underlined word “ripe” in the second paragraph is ________.
A.未完成的
B. 成熟的
C. 青涩的
D. 老练的
53. Which of the following about the Green Revolution is NOT right?
A. If there were n’t the Green Revolution, we would have no rice to eat.
B. The expression “the Green Revolution” appeared several years ago.
C. Because of the Green Revolution, we have more kinds of rice and other grains.
D. Agricultural scientists with green thumbs started the Green Revolution.
54. We can know from the passage that _______.
A. all growing plants is green
B. green is the most important color in nature
C. a person with a green thumb can make plants grow well
D. the expression “a green thumb” has a history of two hundred years
55. The main idea of the passage is ________.
A. a greenhorn
B. a green thumb
C. t he Green Revolution
D. the word “green” and its story
D
What should you take in with you when you take an exam? Pen, penc il, eraser, ruler…, and don’t forget a bottle of water!
According to a study at the British Psychological ( 心理学的) Society Annual Conference held in London, students who bring water into exams may improve their grades by up to 10 percent.
Scientists at the University of East London and the University of Westminster, UK, did a study on 447 students. The students were studying for different degrees (学历) at the University of East London. Only 25 percent of them entered the exam hall with something to drink.
Scientists then compared their exam results with their normal schoolwork grades. They found that all those who had brought drinks with them got better grades by between 2 and 10 percent.
It is unclear why drinking water improves exam results. But scientists say having enough water in our bodies and not feeling thirsty could have a helpful effect on our brains. Drinking water may also cut down on anxiety ( 焦虑), which has a bad effect on exam performances, according to Chris Pawson, PhD, of the University of East London.
“Whatever the explanation, it is clear that students should try hard to stay hydrated (含水的)with water during exams,”he said.
So next time, when you are going to have a big exam, try bringing a bottle of water with you.Who knows – it may help you pass the exam!
56.How much may the students improve their grades most if they bring water into exams?
A．By2%. B．By8%. C．By10%. D．By25%.
57.How many students in the study got better grades?
A．About112 students who brought drinks or water into their exams.
B．All the447 students who come from the University of East London.
C．About300 students who took part in the study.
D．About10 percent of the students who studied different subjects.
58.The underlined phrase “cut down on”probably means _______.
A．increase B．bring C．reduce D．change
59.According to the passage, how does water help students in exams?
a. It is good for their brains.
b. It makes students smarter.
c. It helps students stay cool.
d. It helps students stay awak
e.
A．a b B．a c C．b c D．c d
60.Where can you probably read the article?
A．Fashion magazine. B．Text book. C．Travel guide. D．Newspaper.
V. 语法填空(每小题1分，共10分)
V olunteering is a simple way to help others, but it is also a powerful way to help yourself. You will get good feelings from donating your time, and it’s possible for you 61._________(develop) new and meaningful relationship with people around you.
Besides, volunteering is good for your health, 62.__________(include) your mental health, A new research, based on more than 1000 people 63.___________ the ages 51 and 91, has
64._________(discover) 40 percent of those who volunteered for at least 200 hours a year are
65._________ (little) possible to develop high blood pressure than those who never did. The research also never did. The research also shows volunteering can cut a sudden 66.__________ (die) by 47 percent. Sometimes volunteer work 67.__________(seem) boring and unimportant. But the benefits are particularly proved among older adults. Sitting for too long can cause poor health. Volunteering is 68.___________ simple way to stop from the sitting and add your amount of movement every day. Some scientist believe 69.___________ is even more important than regular exercise. V olunteering also gives you a sense of satisfaction because doing good deeds release(释放) good 70.___________(chemical) in your body.
61. 62. 63. 64. 65.
66. 67. 68. 69. 70.
VI. 作文(共15分)
人们日常交流通常用的是语言交际，然而，肢体语言也会被广泛使用。

你和别人交流
的时候有没有使用过肢体语言？请根据以下提示，写一篇80词左右的作文。

提示：
1．当你再次见到你许久未见的朋友们时，你肯定会面带微笑；
2. 很明显，贯穿人类历史，人们经常使用肢体语言；’
3．例如当你发现你朋友伤心难过时，你会用微笑去鼓励你的朋友：
4．总之，肢体语言交流和语言交流同样重要。