铁路英语专业词汇资料

铁路英语专业词汇
铁路；铁道railway railroad
铁路线railway line；railroad line
铁路网railway network；railroad network
铁道科学railway science
铁路技术railway technology
铁路等级railway classification
国有铁路national railway；state railway
地方铁路local railway；regional railway
私有铁路private railway
合资铁路joint investment railway；jointly owned railway
标准轨铁路standard-gage railway
窄轨铁路narrow-gage railway
米轨铁路meter-gage railway
宽轨铁路broad-gage railway
单线铁路single track railway
双线铁路double track railway
多线铁路multiple track railway
重载铁路heavy haul railway
高速铁路high speed railway
电气化铁路；电力铁路electrified railway；electric railway
干线铁路main line railway；trunk railway
市郊铁路suburban railway
地下铁道；地铁subway；metro；underground railway
工业企业铁路industry railway
矿山铁路mine railway 轻轨铁路light railway；light rail
高架铁路elevated railway
单轨铁路；独轨铁路monorail；monorail railway
磁浮铁路magnetic levitation railway；maglev
森林铁路forest railway
山区铁路mountain railway
既有铁路existing railway
新建铁路newly-built railway
改建铁路reconstructed railway
运营铁路railway in operation；operation；operating
railway
专用铁路special purpose railway
干线trunk line；main line
支线branch line
铁路专用线railway special line
货运专线railway line for freight traffic；freight
special line；freight traffic only line
客运专线railway line for passenger traffic；passenger
special line；passenger traffic only line
客货运混合铁路railway line for mixed passenger and
freight traffic
铁路运营长度；运营里程operation length of railway；
operating distance；revenue length
列车运行图train diagram
铁路建筑长度construction length of railway
区间section
区段district
轨距rail gage；rail gauge
轮重wheel load
轴重axle load
最大轴重maximum allowable axle load
限制轴重axle load limited
限界clearance；gauge
限界图clearance diagram
铁路建筑限界railway construction clearance；
structure clearance for railway；railway struction gauge
基本建筑限界fundamental construction clearance；
fundamental structure gauge
桥梁建筑限界bridge construction clearance；bridge
structure gauge
隧道建筑界限tunnel construction clearance；tunnel
structure gauge
铁路机车车辆限界rolling stock clearance for
railway；vehicle gauge
机车车辆上部限界clearance limit for upper part of
rolling stock
机车车辆下部限界clearance limit for lower part of
rolling stock
装载限界loading clearance limit；loading gauge
阔大货物限界clearance limit for freight with
exceptional dimension；clearance limit for oversize
commodities
接触网限界clearance limt for overhead contract wire；
clearance limit for overhead catenary system；overhead
catenary system gauge
列车与线路相互作用track-train interaction
轮轨关系wheel-rail relation；wheel-rail interaction
粘着系数adhesion coefficient
车轮滑行wheel sliding；wheel skid
车轮空转wheel slipping
牵引种类kinds of traction；category of traction
牵引方式mode of traction
牵引定数tonnage rating；tonnage of traction
装载系数loading coefficient
速度speed
持续速度continuous speed
限制速度limited speed；speed restriction
均衡速度balancing speed
构造速度construction speed；design speed
最高速度maximum speed
临界速度critical speed
重载列车heavy haul train
高速列车high speed train
超长超重列车exceptionally long and heavy train 列车正面冲突train collision
列车尾追train tail collision
列车尾部防护train rear end protection
伸缩运动fore and aft motion
蛇行运动hunting；nosing
列车压缩train running in
列车拉伸train running out
列车分离train separation
列车颠覆train overturning
列车动力学train dynamics
列车空气动力学train acrodynamics
机车车辆振动vibration of rolling stock
纵向振动longitudinal vibration
横向振动lateral vibration
垂向振动vertical vibration
摆滚振动rock-roll vibration
浮沉振动bouncing；vibration
测滚振动rolling ；vibration
测摆振动swaying；vibration
点头振动pitching；nodding
摇头振动yawing；hunting
机车车辆共振resonance of rolling stock 机车车辆冲击impact of rolling
纵向冲击longitudinal impact
横向冲击lateral impact
垂向冲击vertical impact
货运站综合作业自动化automation of synthetic
operations at freight station
行车指挥自动化automation of traffic control
编组场综合作业自动化automation of synthetic
operations in marshalling yard
铁路运营信息系统railway operation information
system
铁路数据交换系统railway data exchange system
运营系统模拟simulation of operation system
铁路法railway law
铁道法规railway act
铁路条例railway code
铁路技术管理规程regulations of railway technical
operation
综合运输comprehensive transport；multi-mode
transport；intermode transport
国际铁路联运international railway through traffic
大陆桥；洲际铁路transcontinental railway；
intercontinental railway；land-railway
国际联运协定agreement of international through
traffic
国际联运议定书protocol of international through
traffic
国际铁路联运公约convention of international railway
through traffic
铁路新线建设newly-built railway construction
铁路技术改造technical reform of railway；technical
renovation of railway；betterment and improvement of
railway
铁路主要技术条件main technical standard of
railway；main techincal requirement of railway
单位工程unit project
分部工程part project
分项工程item project
预可行性研究pre-feasibility study
项目建议书proposed task of project
可行性研究feasibility study
设计阶段design phase；design stage
三阶段设计three-step design；three-phase design
两阶段设计two-step design；two-phase design
一阶段设计one-step design；one-phase design
初步设计preliminary design
技术设计technical design
扩大初步设计enlarged preliminary design；expanded
preliminary design
施工图设计construction detail design；
working-drawing design
变更设计altered design
设计概算apporximate estimate of design；budgetary
estimate of design
个别概算individual approximate estimate
综合概算comprehensive approximate estimate
总概算sum of approximate estimate；total estimate；
summary estimate
修正总概算amended sum of approximate estimate；
revised general estimate
调整总概算adjusted sum of approximate estimate
投资检算checking of investment
预算定额rating of budget；rating form for budget
概算定额rating of approximate estimate；rating form
for estimate
投资估算investment estimate
估算指标index of estimate
机械台班定额rating per machine per team；rating per machine-team
工程直接费direct expense of project；direct cost of project
工程间接费indirect expense of project；indirect cost of project
工程预备费reserve fund of project
设计鉴定certification of design；appraisal of design 竣工决算final accounts of completed project
铁路用地right-of-way
铁路勘测railway reconnaissance
调查测绘survey and drawing of investigation；investigation survey；investigation surveying and sketching
地形调查topographic survey
地貌调查topographic feature survey；geomorphologic survey
地质调查geologic survey
经济调查economic investigation；economic survey 水文地质调查hydrogeologic survey
土石成分调查survey of soil and rock composition
土石物理力学性质physical and mechanical properties of soil and rock
土石分类classificaion of soil and rock
地基承载力bearing capacity of foundation；bearing capacity of ground；bearing of subgrade
隧道围岩分级classification of tunnel surrounding rock
地质图测绘survey and drawing of geological map；surveying and sketching of geological map
勘探exploration；prospecting
挖探excavation prospecting
钻探boring；exploration drilling
物探geophysical prospecting
室内测试indoor test；laboratory test
原位测试in situ test
静力触探static sounding；static probing；cone
penetration test
动力触探试验dynamic penetration test
标准贯入试验standard penetration test
区域地质regional geology
工程地质engineering geology
不良地质unfavorable geology
特殊地质special geology
工程地质条件engineering geologic；requirement；
engineering geologic condition
气象资料meteorological data
冻结深度freezing depth
地震基本烈度basic intensity of earthquake；seismic
basic intensity
工程地质图engineering geological map
地层柱状图column diagram of stratum；graphic logs
of strata；drill log of stratum
洪水调查flood survey
河道调查river course survey
冰凌调查ice floe survey；frazil ice survey
汇水区流域特征调查survey of catchment basin
characteristics
水文断面hydrologic sectional drawing；dydrologic
section；hydrologic cross-section
主河槽main river channel
设计流速design current velocity
设计高程；设计标高design elevation
河流比降slope of river；comparable horizon of river
历史洪水位historic flood level
最高水位highest water level；HWL
通航水位navigation water level；NWL
桥涵水文hydrology of bridge and culvert
水利半径hydraulic radius
桥前壅水高度backwater height in front of bridge；
top water level in front of bridge
桥渡勘测设计survey and design of bridge crossing
水面坡度slope of water surface
水文测量hydrological survey
泥石流流域catchment basin of debris flow
分水岭watershed；dividing ridge
汇水面积catchment area；water collecting area；
drainage area
洪水频率flood frequency
设计流量design discharge
设计水位design water level
施工水位construction level；construction water
level；working water level
设计洪水过程线designed flood hydrograph
容许冲刷allowable scour
一般冲刷general scour
局部冲刷local scour；partial scour
铁路测量railway survey
线路踏勘；草测route reconnaissance
初测preliminary survey
定测location survey；alignment；final location
survey
导线测量traversing；traverse survey
光电导线photoelectric traverse
地形测量topographical survey
横断面测量cross leveling；cross-section survey；cross-section leveling
线路测量route survey；profile survey；longitudinal survey
既有线测量；旧线测量survey of existing railway
线路复测repetition survey of existing railway；resurvey of existing railway
测量精度survey precision；precision of survey
均方差；中误差mean square error
最大误差；极限误差maximum error；limiting error 中线测量center line survey
中线桩center line stake
加桩additional stake；plus stake
外移桩shift out stake；stake outward；offset stake 水准点高程测量benchmark leveling
中桩高程测量；中平center stake leveling
曲线控制点curve control point
放线setting-out of route；lay out of route
交点intersection point
副交点auxiliary intersection point
转向角deflection angle
分转向角auxiliary deflection angle
坐标方位角plane-coordinate azimuth
象限角quadrantal angle
经纬距plane rectangular coordinate
断链broken chain
投影断链projection of broken chain
断高broken height
铁路航空摄影测量；铁路航测railway aerial photogrammetry 铁路航空勘测railway aerial surveying
航带设计flight strip design；design of flight strip
铁路工程地质遥感remote sensing of railway
engineering geology
测段segment of survey
航测选线aerial surveying alignment
航测外控点field control point of aerophotogrammetry
全球定位系统global positioning system；GPS
像片索引图index of photography
三角测量trigonometric survey；triangulation
精密导线测量precise traverse survey；accurate
traverse survey
三角高程测量trigonometric leveling
隧道洞外控制测量ouside tunnel control survey
隧道洞内控制测量in tunnel control survey；through
survey
隧道洞口投点horizontal point of tunnel portal；
geodetic control point of portal location of adit
桥轴线测量survey of bridge axis
铁路选线railway location；approximate railway
location；location of railway route selection
平原地区选线location in plain region；plain location
越岭选线location of mountain line；location of line in
mountain region；location over mountain
山区河谷选线mountain and valley region location；
location of line of in mountain and valley region
丘陵地段选线hilly land location；location of line on
hilly land
工程地质选线engineering geoligic location of line
线间距distance between centers of tracks；midway
between tracks
车站分布distribution of stations
方案比选scheme comparison；route alternative
投资回收期repayment period of capital cost
纸上定线paper location of line
缓坡地段section of easy grade；section of gentle
slope
紧坡地段section of sufficient grade
非紧坡地段section of unsufficient grade；section fo
insufficient grade
导向线leading line；alignment guiding line
拔起高度；克服高度height of lifting；lifting height；
ascent of elevation
横断面选线cross-section method of railway location；
location with cross-section method；cross-section
method for location of line
展线extension of line；development of line；line
development
展线系数coefficient of extension line；coefficient of
development line
套线overlapping line
线路平面图track plan；line plan
线路纵断面图track profile；line profile
站坪长度length of station site
站坪坡度grade of station site
控制区间control section；controlling section
最小曲线半径minimum radius of curve
圆曲线circular curve
单曲线simple curve
缓和曲线transition curve；easement curve；spiral
transition curve
缓和曲线半截变更率rate of easement curvature；rate
of transition curve
复曲线compound curve
同向曲线curves of same sense；adjacent curves in one direction
反向曲线reverse curve；curve of opposite sense
夹直线intermediate straight line；tangent between curves
坡度grade；gradient；slope
人字坡double spur grade
限制坡度ruling grade；limiting grade
加力牵引坡度pusher grade；assisting grade
最大坡度maximum grade
临界坡度critical grade
长大坡度long steep grade；long heavy grade
动力坡度momentum grade
均衡坡度balanced grade
有害地段harmful district
无害地段harmless district
变坡点point of gradient change；breake in grade
坡段grade section
坡段长度length of grade section
坡度差algebraic difference between adjacent gradients 竖曲线vertical curve
分坡平段level stretch between opposite sign gradient 缓和坡度slight grade；flat grade；easy grade
起动缓坡flat gradient for starting
加速缓坡easy gradient for acceleration；accelerating grade
坡度折减compensation of gradient；gradient compensation；grade compensation
曲线折减compensation of curve；curve compesation 隧道坡度折减compensation of gradient in tunnel；compensation grade in tunnel
绕行地段detouring section；round section 换侧；换边change side of double line
容许应力设计法allowable stress design method
破损阶段设计法plastic stage design method
极限状态设计法limit state design method
概率极限状态设计法；可靠度设计法probabilisatic
limit state design method
地震系数法seismic coefficient method
路基subgrade；road bed；formation subgrade
岩石路基rock subgrade
渗水土路基permeable soil subgrade；pervious
embankment
非渗水土路基non-permeable soil subgrade；
impervious embankment
特殊土路基subgrade of special soil
软土地区路基subgrade in soft soil zone；subgrade in
soft；clay region
泥沼地区路基subgrade in bog zone；subgrade in
morass region；subgrade in swampland
膨胀土地区路基；裂土地区路基subgrade in swelling
soil zone；subgrade in expansive soil region
盐渍土地区路基subgrade in salty soil zone；
subgrade in saline soil region
多年冻土路基subgrade in permafrost soil zone
特殊条件下的路基subgrade under special condition
河滩路堤embankment on plain river beach
滨河路堤embankment on river bank
水库路基subgrade in reservoir；embankment
crossing reservoir
崩塌地段路基subgrade in rock fall district；subgrade
in collapse zone
岩堆地段路基subgrade in rock deposit zone；
subgrade in talus zone；subgrade in scree zone
滑坡地段路基subgrade in slide
岩溶地段路基；喀斯特地段路基subgrade in karst
zone
洞穴地段路基subgrade in cavity zone；subgrade in
cavern zone
风沙地段路基subgrade in windy and sandy zone；
subgrade in desert
雪害地段路基subgrade in snow damage zone；
subgrade in snow disaster zone
泥石流地段路基subgrade in debris flow zone
路基横断面subgrade cross-section
路基面subgrade surface；formation
路基面宽度width of the subgrade surface；formation
width
路拱road crown；subgrade crown
路肩Road shoulder；subgrade shoulder
路肩高程formation level；shoulder level
路堤embankment；fill
路堑cut；road；cutting
半堤半堑part-cut and part-fill section；cut and fill
section
基床subgrade bed；formation
基床表层surface layer of subgrade bed；formation
top layer；surface layer of subgrade
基床表层bottom layer of subgrade；formation base
layer；bottom layer of subgrade bed
一般路基general subgrade；ordinary subgrade
最小填筑高度minimum fill height of subgrade；
minimum height of fill
临界高度critical height
基底foundation base；base
路堤边坡side slope of embankment；fill slope talus
坡脚toe of side slope
护道berm
取土坑borrow pit
路堤填料embankment fill material；embankment filler；filling material of embankment
填料分类classification of filling material
岩块填料rock block filler；rock filler；rock fill
粗粒土填料coarse-grained soil filler；coarse-grained soil fill
细粒土填料fine-grained soil filler；fine-grained soil fill
压实标准compacting criteria
相对密度relative density
压实系数compacting factor；compacting coefficient 最佳含水量optimum moisture content；best moisture content
最佳密度optimum density；best density
核子密度湿度测定determination of nuclear density-moisture
路基承载板测定determination of bearing slab of subgrade
预留沉落量reserve settlement；settlement allowance 反压护道berm with superloading；berm for back pressure；counter swelling berm
石灰砂桩lime sand pile
换土change soil；soil replacement
爆破排淤blasting discharging sedimentation；silt arresting by explosion；discharge of sedimentation by blasting
抛石挤淤throwing stones to packing sedimentation；packing sedimentation by throwing stones；packing up sedimentation by dumping stones 路堑石方爆破rock cutting blasting；rock blasting in
cut
定向爆破directional blasting
浅孔爆破shallow hole blasting
深孔爆破deep hole blasting
洞室药包爆破chamber explosive package blasting；
chamher blasting
扬弃爆破abandoned blasting；abandonment blasting
抛掷爆破pin-point blasting
松动爆破blasting for loosening rock
药壶爆破pot hole blasting
裸露腰包爆破adobe blasting；contact blasting
路堑边坡cutting slope；side slope of cut
堑顶top of cutting slope；top of cutting
路堑平台platform of cutting；berm in cutting
弃土堆waste bank；bankette；spoil bank
挡土墙retaining wall
重力式挡土墙gravity retaining wall
衡重式挡土墙balance weight retaining wall；gravity
retaining wall with relieving platform；balanced type
retaining wall
锚定板挡土墙anchored retaining wall by tie rods；
anchored bulkhead retaining wall；anchored plate
retaining wall
加筋土挡土墙reinforced earth retaining wall；
reinforced soil retaining wall
锚杆挡墙anchored bolt retaining wall；anchoraged
retaining wall by tie rods
管柱挡墙cylindrical shaft retaining wall
沉井挡墙caisson retaining wall
抗滑桩anti-slide pile；counter-sliding pile
护墙guard wall
护坡slope protection；revertment；pitching
排水沟weep drain；drainage ditch；drain ditch
边沟；侧沟side ditch
天沟gutter；overhead ditch；intercepting ditch
吊沟suspended ditch
跌水hydraulic drop
截水沟intercepting ditch；catch-drain
急流槽chute
排水槽drainage channel
渗水暗沟blind drain
渗水隧洞leak tunnel；permeable tunnel；drainage
tunnel
渗井leaching well；seepage well
渗管leaky pipe
平孔排水horizontal hole drainage
反滤层reverse filtration layer；inverted filter；
protective filter
检查井inspection well；manhole
砂井；排水砂井sand drain
隔断层insulating course；insulating layer
透水路堤pervious embankment；permeable
embankment
渗水路堤immerseable embankment
排水砂垫层sand filled drainage layer；drainage sand
blanker
坡面防护slope protection
护岸revetment；shore protection
导流堤diversion dike
拦石墙stone cut off wall；stone falling wall；buttree
落石槽stone falling channel；trough for catching
falling rocks
柴排firewood raft；mattress；willow fascine
固沙造林stabilization for sands by afforestation
挡风墙wind-break wall
防风栅栏wind break fence
砂土液化sand liquefaction
中-活载CR-live loading；China railway standard loading
桥梁标准活载standard live load for bridge
桥梁荷载谱bridge load spectrum
换算均布活载equivalent uniform live load
设计荷载design load
主力principal load
恒载dead load
土压力earth load
静水压力hydrostatic pressure
浮力buoyancy
列车活载live load of train
列车离心力centrifugal force of train
列车冲击力；冲击荷载impact force of train
冲击系数ceofficient of impact
人行道荷载sidewalk loading
附加力subsidiary load；secondary load
列车制动力braking force of train
列车牵引力tractive force of train
风荷载wind load
列车横向摇摆力lateral swaying force of train
流水压力pressure of water flow
冰压力ice pressure
冻胀力frost heaving force
特殊荷载particular load
船只或排筏的撞击力collision force of ship or raft
地震力seismic force
地震烈度earthquake intensity 地震震级earthquake magnitude
施工荷载constructional loading
荷载组合loading conbination
铁路桥railway bridge
公铁两用桥combined bridge；combined highway and
railway bridge；combined rail-cum-road bridge
跨线桥；立交桥overpass bridge；grade separation
bridge；flyover
高架桥viaduct
旱桥dry bridge
人行桥foot bridge；pedestrian bridge
圬工桥masonry bridge
钢桥steel bridge
铆接钢桥riveted steel bridge
栓焊钢桥bolted and welded steel bridge
全焊钢桥all welded steel bridge
摩擦结合式高强度螺栓high strength friction grip bolt
扭剪式高强度螺栓torshear type high strength blot
螺栓示功扳手bolt wrench with indicator
混凝土桥concrete bridge
钢筋混凝土桥reinforced concrete bridge
预应力混凝土桥prestressed concrete bridge
先张法预应力梁pretensioned prestressed concrete
girder
后张法预应力梁post-tensioned prestressed concrete
girder
部分预应力混凝土桥partially prestressed concrete
bridge
结合梁桥composite beam bridge
低高度梁shallow girder
无碴无枕梁girder without ballast and sleeper
型钢混凝土梁；劲性骨架混凝土梁girder with rolled
steel section encased in concrete；skeleton reinforced
concrete girder
简支梁桥simply supported beam bridge
连续梁桥continuous beam bridge
悬臂梁桥cantilever beam bridge
板桥slab bridge
空心板桥hollow slab bridge
板梁plate girder
工形梁I-beam
箱形梁box girder
槽形梁trough girder
桁架truss
拆装式桁架demountable truss
刚架桥；刚构桥rigid frame bridge
斜腿刚架桥；斜腿刚构桥strutted beam bridge；
slant-legged rigid frame bridge
悬板桥；悬带桥stressed ribbon bridge
悬索桥；吊桥suspension bridge
斜拉桥cable-stayed bridge
浮桥pontoon bridge；floating bridge；bateau bridge
拱桥arch bridge
固端拱；无铰拱fixed-end arch
双铰拱two-hinged arch
三铰拱three-hinged arch
实腹拱spandrel-filled arch；solid-spandrel arch
空腹拱open-spandrel arch
双曲拱two-way curved arch；cross-curved arch
系杆拱；柔性系杆刚性拱tied arch
榔格尔式桥；刚性系杆柔性拱桥Langer bridge；
flexible arch bridge with rigid tie
洛泽式桥；直悬杆式刚性拱刚性梁桥Lohse bridge；
rigid arch bridge with rigid tie and vertical sespenders
尼尔森桥Nielsen systen bridge
尼尔森式骆泽梁桥；斜悬杆式刚性拱梁桥Nielsen type Lhse bridge；rigid arch bridge with fighd tie and inclined suspenders
活动桥movable bridge
竖旋桥bascule bridge
平旋桥swing bridge
升降桥lift bridge
正交桥right bridge
斜交桥skew bridge
曲线桥curved bridge
曲梁curved beam
特大桥super maior bridge
大桥major bridge
中桥medium bridge
小桥minor bridge
单线桥single track bridge
双线桥double track bridge
多线桥multi-track bridge
正桥；主桥main bridge
引桥approach spans
上承式桥deck bridge
半穿式桥；中承式half through bridge；midheight deck bridge
下承式桥through bridge
双层桥double-deck bridge
永久性桥permanent bridge
临时性桥；便桥temporary bridge
跨径；跨度span
净跨clear spam
桥梁全长overall length of bridge
桥下净空underneath clearance 主梁中心距center to center distance between main
girder
节间长度panel length
梁高depth of girder
拱度camber
挠度deflection
节间panel
锚跨；锚孔anchor span
悬跨；吊孔suspended span
桥梁上部结构superstructure
腹板web plate
翼缘flange
翼缘板flange plate
弦杆chord member
腹杆web member
斜杆diagonal member
竖杆vertical member
吊杆suspender hanger
加劲杆stiffener
节点panel point
节点板gusset plate
拼接板splice plate
缀条lacing bar
缀板stay plate；tie plate
侧向水平联结系lateral bracing
横联sway bracing
制动撑架braking bracing
桥门架portal frame
纵梁stringer
横梁floor beam；transverse beam
桥面系floor system
端横梁end floor beam
起重横梁jacking floor beam
梁端缓冲梁auxiliary girder for controlling angle
change
应变时效strain ageing
碳当量carbon equivalent
钢丝steel wire
钢丝束bundled steel wires
钢绞线steel strand
钢筋reinforcement；steel bar
箍筋stirrup
纵向钢筋longitudinal reinforcement
弯起钢筋bent-up bar
架立钢筋erection bar
构造钢筋constructional reinforcement
预应力筋tendon
套管sheath
梁腋haunch
拱圈arch ring
拱肋arch rib
拱顶rach crown
拱矢rise of arch
起拱点springing
拱腹soffit
拱腹线intrados
拱背钱extrados
桥塔bridge tower；pylon
索平面cable plane
缆索cable
斜缆stay cable；inclined cable
吊缆suspension cable
索鞍cable saddle
索夹cable band；cable clamp
锚座socket
锚碇anchorage
明桥面open deck；ballastless deck；open floor
桥梁道碴槽ballast trough
道碴桥面ballasted deck；ballasted floor
桥梁护轨guard rall of bridge
桥梁护木guard timber of bridge
桥枕bridge tie；bridge sleeper
桥上人行道sidewalk on bridge
步行板foot plank
避车台refuge platform
伸缩缝expansion joint
正交异性板orthotropic plate
栏杆railing；handrail；handrailing
泻水孔drainage opening
直结轨道track fastened directly to steel girders
抗剪连接件；抗剪结合件shear connector
支座bearing
固定支座fixed bearing
活动支座expension bearing；movable bearing
平板支座plate bearing
摇轴芝座rocker bearing
滚轴支座roller bearing
球面支座spherical bearing
板式橡胶支座laminated rubber bearing
盆式橡胶支座pot rubber bearing
聚四氯乙烯支座poly-tetrafluoroedthylene bearing；PTFE bearing
涡流激振wortex-excited oscillation
弛振galloping
颤振flutter
扰流板spoiler 风嘴wind fairing
桥梁自振周期natural vibration period of bridge
浮运架桥法bridge erection by floating
架桥机架设法erection by bridge girder erecting
equipment
顶推式架设法erection by incremental launching
拖拉架设法launching method
赝架式架设法erection with scaffolding
悬臂架设法catilever erection；erection by protrusion
悬臂灌注法cast-in-place cantilever construction；free
cantilever segmental concreting with suspended
formwork
悬臂拼装法cantilevered assembling constrution；free
cantilever erection with segments of precast concrete
预制混凝土构件precast concrete units；precast
concrete members
活动模架逐跨施工法segmental span-by-span
construction using form traveller
桥梁合龙closure
就地贯注法cast-in-place method；cast-in-situ method
活动吊篮travelling cradle
顶进法jack-in method
旋转法施工；转体施工erection by swing method
液压式张拉千斤顶hydraulic tensioning jack
桥梁下部结构substructure
桥台abutment
重力式桥台gravity abutment
埋置式桥台buried abutment
锚定板式桥台anchor slab abutment
U形桥台U-shaped abutment
耳墙式桥台abutment with cantilevered retaining wall
台身abutment body
前墙front wall
台帽abutment coping
翼墙wing wall
锥体护坡quadrant revetment；truncated cone banking
台后填方filling behind abutment
桥墩pier
空心桥墩hollow pier
实体桥墩solid pier
重力式桥墩gravity pier
柔性桥墩flexible pier
拼装式桥墩assembly pier；pier constructed with
precast units
制动墩braking pier
柱式桥墩column pier
V形桥墩V-shaped pier
圆端形桥墩round-ended pier
圆形桥墩circular pier
矩形桥墩rectangular pier
排架式桥墩pile bent pier
墩身pier body；pier shaft
墩帽pier coping
围栏railing around coping of pier or abutment
承台bearing platform
破冰体ice apron；ice-breaking cutwater；ice guard
地基foundation；foundation soil；subgrade
加固地基improved foundation；improved ground
天然地基natural foundation；natural ground
桥梁基础bridge foundation
扩大基础spread foundation
明挖基础open-cut foundation；open excavation
foundation
沉井基础open caisson foundation
浮式沉井基础floating caisson foundation
沉井刃脚cutting edge of open caisson
围堰cofferdam
双壁钢围堰钻孔基础double wall steel cofferdam bored foundation
预制钢壳钻孔基础prefabricated steel shell bored foundation
泥浆套沉井法slurry jacket method for sinking caisson 空气幕沉井法air curtain method for sinking caisson 沉箱基础pneumatic caisson foundation
管柱基础tubular column foundation
桩基础pile foundation
预制桩precast pile
就地灌注桩cast-in-place concrete pile；cast-in-situ concrete pile
螺旋喷射桩auger injected pile
摩擦桩friction pile
支承桩bearing pile
钻孔桩bored pile
挖孔桩dug pile
钢桩steel pile
钢管桩steel pipe pile
钢板桩steel sheet pile
板桩sheet pile
木桩timber pile
钢筋混凝土桩reinforced concrete pile
砂桩sand pile
挤密砂桩sand conpaction pile
流砂quick sand；drift sand
送桩pile follower
试桩test pile
斜桩batter pile；raking pile；spur pile 护筒pile casting
重锤夯实法heavy tamping method
灰土换填夯实法mothod of lime-soil replacement and
tamping
灌注水下混凝土underwater concreting；concreting
with tremie method
导流建筑物regulating structure
丁坝；挑水坝spur dike
顺坝longitudinal dam
河床铺砌river bed paving
码头wharf
排架bent
脚手架scaffold
悬空脚手架hanging stage；hanging scaffold
铁路涵洞railway culvert
涵洞孔径aperture of culvert
管涵pipe culvert
箱涵box culvert
拱涵arch culvert
盖板涵slab culvert
无压力涵洞inlet unsubmerged culvert
压力式涵洞outlet submerged culvert
半压力式涵洞inlet submerged culvert
明渠open channel；open ditch；open drain
倒虹吸管inverted siphon
潮汐河流tidal river
淤积silting；siltation
流冰ice drift
铁路轮渡railway car ferries
轮渡站ferry station
轮渡栈桥ferry trestle bridge
渡轮ferry boat
轮渡引线；轮渡斜引道ferry slip
铁路隧道railway tunnel
山岭隧道mountain tunnel
越岭隧道over mountain line tunnel
水下隧道；水地隧道subaqueous tunnel；underwater
tunnel
地铁隧道subway tunne；underground railway tunnel
浅埋隧道shallow tunnel；shallow-depth tunnel；
shallow burying tunnel
深埋隧道deep tunnel；deep-depth tunnel；deep
burying tunnel
单线隧道single track tunnel
双线隧道double track tunnel
多线隧道multiple track tunnel
车站隧道station tunnel
地铁车站subway station；metro station
特长隧道super long tunnel
长隧道long tunnel
中长隧道medium tunnel
短隧道short tunnel
隧道群tunnel group
地铁工程subway engineering；metro engineering
洞口tunne ladit；tunnel opening
隧道进口tunnel entrance
隧道出口tunnel exit
迎坡；正面坡front slope
洞门tunnel portal
洞门框tunnel portal frame
端墙式洞门end wall tunnel portal
柱式洞门post tunnel portal
翼墙式洞门wing wall tunnel portal
耳墙式洞门ear wall tunnel portal。