2020届北京市十一学校高三英语第四次联考试卷及参考答案

2020届北京市十一学校高三英语第四次联考试卷及参考答案
第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
Songkran, Thailand
This festival marks the Thai New Year, which is celebrated in the second week of April. This is the hottest time of the year in Thailand, so it makes sense that the biggest Songkran tradition is to throw water on people. Thais of all ages join in water fights, using buckets, hoses (软管)and water guns to celebrate the event.
Boryeong Mud Festival, South Korea
Don't expect to come home clean after experiencing the Boryeong Mud Festival in South Korea. Famous for its mineral-rich mudflats, visitors rush to Boryeong in July to make themselves in mud, swim in grey pools and enjoy the party. There are even mudslides and a mud skiing competition for those who are seeking the extreme mud adventure!
La Tomatina, Spain
The festival dates back to a parade in which some naughty teenagers knocked one performer off his stilts (高跷)and caused a fight of throwing vegetables accidentally. It was once banned until 1957 when the locals held a protest with a funeral. They carried a coffin containing a huge tomato as bands played a funeral march. In the following decades, La Tomatina has become a popular event. If you join the event, be aware that you squash (压扁) the tomato before throwing it. Have a great time but avoid causing any injury.
Dia de los Muertos, Mexico
Beginning at the midnight of October 31 and lasting through November 2,it is a festival when families gather together to remember those loved ones who have died, aiming to help them on their spiritual journey. On these days, Mexican families prepare special tables in their homes. On top of them they'll put photos of the dead and their favorite food. They also visit the graves of their beloved ones to show their respect to the dead.
1.If you want to experience a special new year in a country, you can choose to visit ________.
A.Thailand
B.South Korea
C.Spain
D.Mexico
2.What may happen to you as a visitor in La Tomatina?
A.You can perform stilts.
B.Your can play funeral music in bands.
C.You may be covered with mud.
D.You may be attacked with tomatoes.
3.Which festival is similar to the Tomb Sweeping Festival in China?
A.Songkran.
B.Boryeong Mud Festival.
Tomatina.
D.Dia de los Muertos.
B
If you easily make mistakes when in a hurry, a new study from Michigan State University—the largest of its kind to date-found that meditation (冥想) could help you improve the situation.
The research tested how open monitoring meditation (OMM)—or, meditationthat focuses awareness on feelings or thoughts as they unfold in one’s mind and body—alteredbrain activity in a way that suggested increased error recognition.
“People’s interest in meditation is outpacing what science can prove in terms of effects and benefits.” said Jeff Lin, MSU psychology doctoral candidate and study co-author. “But it’s amazing to me that we were able to see how one session of a guided meditation could produce changes to brain activity in non-meditators.”
“Some forms of meditation have you focus on a single object, commonly your breath, but open monitoring meditation is a bit different,” Lin said, “It has you tune inward and pay attention to everything going on in your mind and body. The goal is to sit quietly and pay close attention to where the mind travels without getting too caught up in the scenery.”
Lin and his MSU co-authors—William Eckerle, Ling Peng and Jason Moser—hired more than 200 participants to test how open monitoring meditation affected how people detect and respond toerrors.
The participants, who had never meditated before, were taken through a 20-minute open monitoring meditation exercise while the researchers measured brain activity through electroencephalography (脑电图), or EEG. Then, they completed a computerized distraction (分心) test.
“The EEG can measure brain activity at the millisecond level, so we got precise measures of brain activity right after mistakes compared to correct responses,” Lin said. “A certain neural signal occurs about half a second after an error called the error positivity, which is linked to conscious error recognition. We found that the strength of this signal is increased in the meditators to controls.”
“These findings show what just 20 minutes of open monitoring meditation can do to improve the brain’s ability to detect and pay attention to mistakes,” Moser said.
4. What does the underlined word “altered” in paragraph 2 probably mean?
A. Changed.
B. Prevented.
C. Started.
D. Recorded.
5. Why is open monitoring meditation different?
A. It is just aimed at a single object.
B. It clears your mind of everything.
C. It gets too caught up in the scenery.
D. It focuses on where the mind travels.
6. What did the researchers do for the study
A. They hired people who had meditated before.
B. They measured the participants’ brain activity.
C. They reminded the participants to avoid errors.
D. They had non-meditators design a distraction test.
7. What is the best title for the text?
A. Turn to OMM to Avoid Acting in a Hurry
B. You’re Able to Recognize Errors Consciously
C. Meditators’ Brain Proves Much More Active
D. OMM Can Help You Make Fewer Mistakes
C
Have you ever imagined that your simple T-shirt could cool you down by up to5℃on these hot summer days? Thanks to a recent discovery, the possibility is getting closer. While there are many alternatives that manage to keep the body warm, this amazing invention aims to offer real relief for those who are eager to feel comfortable and fresh in the outdoors on extremely hot days.
Its inventors, engineers Ma Yaoguang of Zhejiang University and Tao Guangming of Huazhong University of Science and Technology in China, look a completely innovative approach. They designed a special textile dial can absorb body heat and re-emit its energy into space as mid-infrared radiation (MIR). This textile cools both the objects and their surroundings through a technique that is known as radiative cooling, Science reveals. This means that even when it looks like you are wearing a regular shirt, you are actually wearing a device that works like a mirror.
Research conducted at Stanford University in 2017 had already managed to cool the wearer by 3℃, but this previous trial was limited. So researchers still need to test the new approach to determine how effectively the new fabric cools while the wearers are standing or walking, and not directly facing the sky, like in their trials. They also need to examine and measure how well it works when T-shirts are not in close contact with the skin.
Inventors Yaoguang and Guangming are now looking out for textile manufacturers and clothing brands that are interested in using their fabric. They estimate that the new material will increase clothing manufacturing costs by just 10 percent. “We can make it with mass production which means everybody can get a T-shirt and the cost is basically the same as theirs,” old Yaoguang said.
So if you are an athlete or simply someone that has to deal with the extremely high temperatures, be patient because your days of feeling hot and bothered may be corning to an end!
8. What is the purpose of the new invention?
A. To warm up people's body.
B. To cool people off in hot weather.
C. To detect the wearers' temperature.
D. To protect clothes from becoming wet.
9. How does the special product work?
A. By turning sunlight into energy.
B. By sending out absorbed heat.
C. By keeping heat out completely.
D. By using light color1 s to reflect sunlight.
10. What is the main idea of paragraph 3?
A. The invention needs further testing.
B. The previous studies lack evidence.
C. The new fabric has a good cooling effect.
D. The new fabric applies to various situations.
11. The invention of the T-shirt may hean example of ________.
A. barking up the wrong tree
B. robbing Peter to pay Paul
C. killing two birds with one stone
D. pulling the cart before the horse
D
It was the first day of spring here but it didn't feel like it. The COVID-19 epidemic (流行病) was sweeping the globe and everywhere there were feelings of fear and loneliness. “Social Distancing” had become the new norm. Here the schools had been closed, the restaurant dining rooms had been shut, and people had been told to work from home whenever they could. Even the sheltered workshop where my oldest son worked had been closed until further notice. People had made a run on the stores and large areas of the shelves were bare. On the news the numbers of the sick and dead continued to rise. It felt like there was a weight on the souls of everyone in the world.
My family were staying at home as much as possible and as I looked out of my window I wondered how long this crisis would last. It was then, however, that I saw something that lifted that weight off of my soul, made me smile, and made my heart feel happy again. On the street below my house there was an old friend of mine from high school who was a teacher there. With him was my younger son's former aide from the high school as well. They were delivering the school lunches door to door to the hungry children who were stuck at home. Watching them made me think of something everyone's childhood television neighbor, Mr. Roger's once said: "In the bad times, always look for the helpers."
I have no doubt that this crisis will pass as all the crisis before. But it is our choice on whether it brings out the best in us or the worst in us. Let it bring out the best in you. Use it to strengthen your faith. Use it to free yourself from fear. Use it to grow kinder, more giving, and more loving. Become a helper to all those in need and
you will be a happy person today and all the days to come.
12. Why didn't the author like the first day of spring?
A. He had to work at home instead of at office.
B. There wasn't social distance between each other.
C. There was an epidemic everywhere in the world.
D. His own company had been closed for a long time.
13. How did people feel in the face of the epidemic?
A. Disappointed.
B. Tense
C. Confident.
D. Cheerful.
14. What made the author happy?
A. Seeing someone delivering lunches from door to door.
B. Talking with his old friend in the street.
C. Watching a childhood television at home.
D. Staying together with his family.
15. What do Mr. Roger's words actually mean?
A. It's not necessary for us to find helpers in bad times.
B. In good times we needn't do much to help others.
C. We should ask more people to help us in bad times.
D. We are supposed to help each other in bad times.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项When the body temperature reaches 104 degrees Fahrenheit(40℃), a person may be suffering from a serious condition calledheat stroke.____16____Besides, one may suffer from heat stroke when he participates in extreme physical activity in a warm environment.
There are some symptoms of heat stroke. The person usually has a high body temperature, usually at or above 40℃. If the stroke is the result of high climate temperatures, the skin will usually be dry and hot. If it is the result of physical exercise, the skin may feel moist, almost clammy(湿粘的).____17____
If heat stroke is not treated, a person may go into shock(休克).____18____As a result, the blood pressure drops, the nails and lips may turn blue, and the skin becomes clammy. If left untreated, shock may cause organ failure or even death.
There are several ways to treat heat stroke.____19____One example of treatment includes placing the
person in cool water to lower his body temperature. Another cooling technique involves misting cool water over the body and then fanning it off. The evaporation(蒸发) of the water works to cool the person’s body temperature and treat the heat stroke.
____20____For example, wear lightweight clothes that fit loosely on the body. Also, take breaks in a cool area if exercising in warm temperatures. In addition, if thetemperatures become increasingly hot, it is best to avoid extreme physical activity.
A. Heat stroke can result in a number of problems.
B. When that happens, the blood does not flow properly.
C. Heat stroke can be prevented by following a few easy tips.
D. Untreated heat stroke can quickly damage your brain and heart.
E. In most cases, a doctor should be consulted if a person is suspected of having heat stroke.
F. In addition, the person may have rapid breathing, or have a higher heart rate.
G. It usually occurs when one spends large amounts of time in a hot environment.
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项Burdon decided to host an improvised(临时安排的) graduation ceremony for her daughter Angela in their backyard. After hers was___21___due to COVID-19, Burdon wanted to make it up for his sorrow-stricken daughter in some way. Best of all, his daughter didn’t___22___about it beforehand.
Angela wasn’t the only one___23___by the cancellation; her father Burdon could hardly___24___his daughter’s sadness. The devoted dad___25___to host his own graduation ceremony for Angela in her___26___in Memphis rather than accept his daughter’s dream as forfeit(被没收的东西).
Over the course of just six weeks, Burdon___27___to reserve a photographer and a stage without his daughter’s knowledge, which___28___her greatly.
When the___29___day finally came, Angela was shocked to find a full-sized stage waiting for her in her yard.
40 people___30___the ceremony, and it met COVID-19 prevention guidelines, all sitting six feet apart with___31___on—and her father even played sacred music as she walked up to get her___32___.
“Angela never saw anything until she came out for a(n)___33___,” Burdon said. “At that moment, I was___34___. To see my baby walk across the___35___and all her friends, families, neighbors and people that we don’t even know___36___in the street to witness this, I couldn’t___37___anything better.”
“My daughter couldn’t have her official___38___due to the pandemic so I___39___one for her!” “Now
I’m___40___that I made it happen!”
21. A. arranged B. celebrated C. delayed D. cancelled
22. A. know B. argue C. think D. care
23. A. spoiled B. upset C. frightened D. confused
24. A. believe B. sense C. bear D. share
25. A. determined B. promised C. hesitated D. preferred
26. A. classroom B. dormitory C. hospital D. home
27. A. claim B. managed C. attempted D. failed
28. A. disappointed B. troubled C. surprised D. annoyed
29. A. big B. busy C. final D. common
30. A. hosted B. expected C. admired D. attended
31. A. dresses B. masks C. uniform D. make-up
32. A. cake B. scholarship C. diploma D. offer
33. A. walk B. greeting C. examination D. check
34. A. tired B. cautious C. helpless D. speechless
35. A. door B. stage C. street D. campus
36. A. traveled B. volunteered C. stopped D. waited
37. A. ask for B. give away C. agree with D. work out
38. A. welcome B. organization C. treatment D. graduation
39.A. registered B. created C. joined D. accepted
40. A. guilty B. confident C. proud D. optimistic
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word. For the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Children moving from primary to secondary school are ill-equipped to deal with the booming of social media, as it is playing an increasingly important role in their lives, and is exposing them to significant emotional risks, according to a recent report by the Office of the Children’s Commissioner forEngland.
The report shows that many children in year 7 – the first year of secondary school,___41.___almost everyone
in the class will have a phone and be active on social media – feel under pressure to be constantly connected.
They kind of____42.____(worry) about their online image, particularly when they start to follow celebrities on Instagram and other platforms. They are also upset about “sharenting” – when parents post pictures of them on social media without_____43._____(permit) – and show the concern_____44._____their parents won’t listen if they ask them to take pictures down.
The report, based on group interviews with 8- to 12-year-olds , shows that_____45._____most social media sites have an official age limit of 13, an_____46._____(estimate) 75% of 10-to 12-year-olds will have a social media account.
Some children are almost addicted to “likes”, the report says. Aaron, an 11-year-old in year 7, told researchers, “If I got 150 likes, I’d be like, that’s pretty cool, it means they like you.” Some children described feeling_____47._____(confident) than those they follow on social media. Aimee, also 11, said, “_____48._____(compare) yourself with them, you might feel devalued because you’re not very pretty.”
Children’s Commissioner for England Anne Longfield is calling on parents and teachers to do more to prepare children for the emotional impact of social media as they get older. “What a child has learnt at primary school does not guarantee he can protect_____49._____from the risks that social media will present.”
“It means a bigger role for schools in making sure children______50.______(prepare) for the emotional demands of social media. And it means social media companies aresupposed to assume more responsibilities.” Longfield said.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。

每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（℃）并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。

修改：在错的词下面画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Kobe Bean Bryant was an former American professional basketball player. After complete high school, Bryant decides to pursue a career in basketball. He became one of the few players who was chosen directly from high school. His performance improved with every game but added a new feather to his crown. "Do you know that
whatLos Angeleslooks like at 4 a. m?", which has become a classic sentence to describe Kobe Bryant.Kobedevoted him to charity, helping poor children in various way. He spared no effort contribute to the community. Sad enough,Kobedied on January 26, 2020 in a helicopter crash.
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.假定你是John Li，你在英国学习时认识的朋友Daniel即将来苏州中学交换学习，向你咨询具体情况，请给他写一封邮件，内容包括；
1.对你在英国时他给你提供的帮助表示感谢；
2.表示欢迎，并简单介绍在苏州中学学习生活的情况；
3.介绍需要提前做的准备，至少两点；
4.表达祝愿。

注意：
1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

Dear Daniel,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
John Li
参考答案
1. A
2. D
3. D
4. A
5. D
6. B
7. D
8. B 9. B 10. A 11. C
12. C 13. B 14. A 15. D
16. G 17. F 18. B 19. E 20. C
21. D 22. A 23. B 24. C 25. A 26. D 27. B 28. C 29. A 30. D 31. B 32.
C 33. A 34.
D 35. B 36. C 37. A 38. D 39. B 40. C
41. when
42. worry 43. being permitted
44. that 45. although/ though/ while
46. estimated
47. less confident
48. Comparing
49. himself
50. are prepared
51.(1).an→a
(2).comlete→completing
(3).decides→decided
(4).was→were
(5).but→and
(6).去掉that
(7).him→himself
(8).way→ways
(9).effort后加to
(10).Sad→Sadly
52.略。