吉林省通化市梅河口市第五中学2023-2024学年高二上学期11月期中英语试题

吉林省通化市梅河口市第五中学2023-2024学年高二上学期
11月期中英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、阅读理解
Inventions by Women You Might Not Be Aware of
Margaret Eloise Knight (1838-1914)
Margaret Eloise Knight was an American inventor, notably of the flat-bottomed paper bag. While working at the Columbia Paper Bag company, she developed an automated system to fold paper bags －a process which up to that time was done by hand. She founded her own company, creating paper bags for groceries similar in form to the ones that would be used in later generations.
Bette Nesmith Graham (1924－1980)
As electric typewriters came into widespread use, Bette Nesmith Graham and countless other secretaries had a big problem －while the new machines made typing easier, it was impossible to correct mistakes neatly with an eraser. Graham wanted a solution to the problem, and she found it by watching painters decorating windows, who covered any imperfections with an additional layer. Graham copied their technique by using white, water-based paint to cover her typing errors. Graham named the product “Liquid Paper” and the rest is history.
Patricia Billings (1926－)
Patricia Billings is a sculptor inventor, and businesswoman who invented Geobond, a building material that is strong and fire-proof. In the late 1970s, one of her sculptures fell and broke into pieces, so she began experimenting in her studio. Eight years later, she invented an additive that, when mixed with concrete, creates a very hard fire-proof material. Nowadays, contractors use Geobond every day.
Sally Fox (1959－)
Sally Fox is a cotton grower who grows naturally colored varieties of cotton. She is the inventor of FoxFibre, which is recognized as the first species of long-fiber, naturally-colored cotton that can be made into thread on a machine, which could considerably reduce the amount of pollution that’s created through dyeing (染色) fabrics.
1．Which of the following inventions saves much human labor?
A．The flat-bottomed paper bag.B．Liquid Paper.C．Geobond.
D．FoxFibre.
2．What was Bette Nesmith Graham?
A．A sculptor.B．A grower.
C．A secretary.D．An engineer.
3．Whose invention benefits the environment?
A．Margaret Eloise Knight’s.B．Bette Nesmith Graham’s.
C．Patricia Billings’s.D．Sally Fox’s.
Can you imagine just completing a life-saving training course and then having to test out your skills the very next day - on your best friend? 16-year-old Torri’ell Norwood was behind the wheel of her car when another driver hit her car. The crash made the car containing Norwood and her three passengers go across someone’s front lawn (草坪) and hit a tree.
The impact jammed Norwood’s side door shut, so she climbed out of the front window. Two of her friends also managed to get out of the car unharmed, but the accident caused her friend A’ zarria Simmons to hit her head on the backseat window. “When I turned around, I didn’t see A’ zarria running with us,” said Norwood. “So, I had to run back to the car as fast as I could. She was just sitting there unresponsive.”
And that’s when the training Norwood had just learned kicked in. “A lot of people started to gather around to see what was happening. I started shouting, ‘Back up. She needs space.’” After pulling Simmons from the car, Norwood checked her vital signs. Unable to detect a pulse (脉搏), she immediately began employing the CPR (心肺复苏) techniques she’d so recently learned on Simmons. Doctors arrived shortly and transported Simmons to the nearest hospital.
Norwood, a junior at St. Petersburg’s Lakewood High School, participates in the school’s Athletic Lifestyle Management Academy (ALMA). “We do vital signs and they learn how to take blood pressure and check pulse rates. We have just about 100 students in our academy,” said Erika Miller, Norwood’s teacher.
Miller noted that most of her former students never have the opportunity to use their CPR training until they become nurses or emergency medical technicians. “Not while they are still a student of mine and definitely not within 24 hours,” she said, adding: “It is what every teacher dreams of, you know, that somebody listens, pays attention, and learns
something.”
4．What caused the accident?
A．Three passengers.B．Another car’s crash.
C．Norwood’s side door.D．Someone’s front lawn.
5．What can we learn about Simmons?
A．She cried out for help.B．She was badly injured.
C．She was too scared to move.D．She climbed out of the front window. 6．What can be inferred about Lakewood High School’s ALMA?
A．It inspires students’ sense of adventure.
B．It hires medical technicians as teachers.
C．It teaches students wilderness survival skills.
D．It prepares students for careers in health science.
7．How did Miller sound in the last paragraph?
A．Worried and angry.B．Surprised and proud.
C．Confused and anxious.D．Relieved and grateful.
“Eat together” is a statement that doctors use regularly when they talk with families about maintaining normal weight. Children who cat regular family meals tend to have lower rates of obesity (肥胖). A new study takes a look at why.
A team led by Jerica Berge asked the families of 120 children to record eight days of meals. Berge’s team sorted the interactions occurring at the table into two broad groups －those relating to the emotional atmosphere at the meal, such as how much the family members seemed to be enjoying the time together, and how many uncomfortable silences occurred -and those involving food specifically, such as how many unpleasant feelings emerged from discussions about food, and how much the parents controlled what and how much children ate.
Children who were overweight had family meals that included more negative emotional interactions compared to children who weren’t overweight. Their meals tended to have a warmer, more communicative atmosphere. For example, these children were encouraged to eat foods to get stronger or run faster, while heavier children experienced more negative pressures including threats and being made to feel guilty about those who can’t afford to eat three meals a day. If parents talked constantly throughout the meal about food, and lectured
the children about homework or attempted to control what the children ate, the youngsters were also more likely to be heavy. Also, the researchers found heavier children tended to have shorter meals.
In the meantime, the current data suggests that simply sitting down at the same table at the same time isn’t enough to influence obesity. And it’s up to family doctors to help families understand how to take full advantage of breaking bread together.
8．What were sorted into two groups by Berge’s team?
A．Foods served at three meals.
B．Conversations happening during dinner.
C．Features of family meals influencing weight.
D．Feelings emerging from discussions about food.
9．What did parents with non-obese children do at the table?
A．They told the children to eat to get healthy.
B．They talked with the children about homework.
C．They lectured the children about treasuring food.
D．They asked the children to finish meals quickly.
10．What kind of tip should family doctors offer families?
A．Cooking delicious meals.B．Dieting. in a healthy manner.
C．Creating shared conversation topics.D．Making good use of dining together. 11．What is the best title for the text?
A．How obesity spreads across family members
B．Why more and more children are becoming overweight
C．Why parents should give children freedom in food choices
D．Flow sharing meals with parents reduces obesity in children
Plastic is nearly everywhere — in shoes, clothes, refrigerators and construction materials.
down, conventional plastic is not environmentally friendly. Today, researchers discuss inventing what they say should be a safer, biodegradable (可生物降解的) alternative made from fish waste— heads, bones and skin— that would otherwise likely be thrown out.
If developed successfully, fish-oil-based plastic could help meet the considerable need for more sustainable plastic, says Francesca Kerton, the project’s investigator. Previously,
others have developed new plastic using plant-based oils. However, this too comes with a disadvantage: the crops that produce these oils require land that could otherwise be used to grow food.
Leftover fish struck Kerton as a promising alternative. Salmon (鲑鱼) farming is a major industry for coastal Newfoundland, where her university is located. After the fish are processed, leftover parts are often thrown away. Kerton and her colleagues developed a process for turning this fish oil into a plastic-like material. But does the plastic smell fishy? “When we start the process with the fish oil a slight kind of fish smell, but as we go through the steps, that smell disappears,” Kerton says.
In other experiments, they have begun examining how quickly the new material would likely break down once its useful life is over. Kerton put pieces of it in water, and to speed up the degradation for some pieces, she added a chemical capable of breaking down fats like those in the fish oil. Under a microscope, she later saw microbial (微生物的）growth on all of the samples, even those that had been in plain water, an encouraging sign that the new material might biodegrade quickly, Kerton says.
Kerton now intends to study the material’s physical properties to see how it might in real-world applications, such as in packaging or fibers for clothing.
12．What does the underlined word “defect” in paragraph 1 mean?
A．Mistake.B．Burden.C．Difficulty.D．Disadvantage. 13．What is wrong with using plant-based oils to make plastic?
A．It causes damage to the soil.B．It needs a large amount of land.
C．It produces an unpleasant smell.D．It increases the price of cooking oils. 14．What do we know about this new plastic?
A．It can break down easily.B．It has a very short useful life.
C．It is hard to mix with plain water.D．It proved a good packaging material. 15．What is the text mainly about?
A．A living trend.B．A fishing method.
C．A scientific project.D．A biological phenomenon.
二、七选五
Fruit fly fix
It is breakfast time. You have been looking forward to eating a nice ripe banana ever since you woke up. 16 you see something that makes you much less hungry: a large group of fruit flies!
Fruit flies are tiny insects that are attracted to ripe or bad fruits and vegetables. The flies not only cat the fruit, they also lay their eggs there. 17 . Within eight days, the fruit flies that hatch from these eggs are full adults that can then lay their own eggs.
Because fruit flies are so annoying, most people want to get rid of them as quickly as possible. Some people use pesticide sprays (杀虫剂). 18 it will also spread harmful poison all over your kitchen. Luckily, there is also a completely safe way to get rid of fruit flies in your house.
The first step is for you to remove all fruits or vegetables from your counter. 19 . Clean up any bits of food that might be on the floor. Take out the garbage and empty the garbage can. Doing all of these things will stop new fruit flies from finding food or places to lay their eggs.
Next, make a trap to catch all of the remaining fruit flies in your house. First, fill a small bowl with some vinegar (醋). 20 . Cover the bowl very tightly with a sheet of plastic wrap and make a few very small holes in the wrap with a fork. If all goes according to plan, the flies will enter the trap through the holes but will be unable to fly back out. This trap will catch all of the remaining fruit flies.
A．Although this will kill the flies
B．You can get existing flies out of your house
C．Then, put a piece of very ripe fruit into the vinegar
D．Store these items in the refrigerator or closed containers
E．Just when you reach for the delicious fruit on your counter
F．Although fruit flies might carry harmful things onto your food
G．A single fruit fly can lay up to 500 eggs on the surface of a piece of fruit
三、完形填空
age of 14 by working in supermarkets. I 24 hard work from my mum, a typesetter by day and proofreader by night. I even held on to my Saturday 25 during my first undergraduate year. 26 other students were sleeping, rowing, or reading in the library, I was working at a WHSmith store. My money was 27 and carefully spent.
I was angry about being rejected, but also 28 . I prided myself on being a good writer, but I clearly didn’t 29 the language of grant applications, and I had no idea how to learn it.
As my list of published books 30 , so did my list of funding rejections. I didn’t just 31 to get writing grants. Despite securing a 32 to do postgraduate research at the University of Cambridge where I 33 earned a master’s degree with distinction, I failed to secure funding for this too.
I didn’t 34 my ability as a writer. I could 35 an elegant explanation of general relativity in 500 words or simplify the theory of natural selection into picture book form I just couldn’t master the language of grants.
21．A．responsibility B．adventure C．rejection D．treasure 22．A．depend on B．top up C．set up D．refer to 23．A．money B．degree C．license D．position 24．A．obtained B．required C．hated D．learned 25．A．lecture B．treat C．job D．paper 26．A．Because B．While C．If D．Unless 27．A．privately-owned B．well-timed C．hard-earned
D．newly-collected
28．A．ashamed B．proud C．afraid D．brave 29．A．admire B．review C．teach D．speak 30．A．proved B．grew C．explained D．worked 31．A．pretend B．promise C．refuse D．struggle 32．A．book B．place C．loan D．medal 33．A．eventually B．regularly C．instantly D．randomly 34．A．assess B．increase C．doubt D．affect 35．A．pen B．owe C．hear D．read
四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Someday it may be possible for people to tackle their food allergies 36 (simple) by brushing their teeth. 37 New York City-based company has launched a trial to test this concept in food allergy sufferers. The idea is to expose users to small numbers of an allergen daily 38 (build) and maintain tolerance to it.
An existing treatment that delivers allergens through under-the-tongue liquid drops 39 (offer) decent protection. But it can be hard for users to keep up this daily routine.
Allergist William Reisacher 40 (come) up with the toothpaste idea while brushing his teeth in front of a mirror several years ago. “I saw all the foam (泡沫) in my mouth going into all the areas I wanted it to go,” he says. Delivering the allergen in the form 41 a toothpaste used daily would get the treatment to the right cells and keep it there, he thought.
A trial launched by Intrommune Therapeutics, which is developing the toothpaste, will test 42 well 32 adults tolerate growing numbers of allergens.
Allergist Sakina Bajowala supports the concept. But she worries about 43 (safe). She says that 44 (healthy) toothpastes could give allergens access to the blood stream, 45 (increase) the risk of allergic reactions.
五、其他应用文
46．你校的英语角正在征集“年度最佳人物”稿件，请以“Person of the Year”为题，写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：
1.该人物的简介；
2.该人物对你的影响。

注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Person of the Year
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六、读后续写
47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

The Forgotten Pages
Once upon a time, in a land far away, there was a small village. Surrounded by the majestic mountains, the villagers happily lived a life of bliss.
All of them were used to their robotic daily tasks and none of them had the imagination or the will to try something new, except for one girl named Hannah. V ery few people in the village could read let alone write, and Hannah was one of them. Her parents had made sure that their only child got everything possible.
Hannah was an adventurous spirit with an imagination far beyond her time. One afternoon, when Hannah was on one of her adventurous quests, she came upon an abandoned cottage. The cottage looked very old in its condition. Even though Hannah’s mother had strictly warned her not to go wandering in abandoned places, her curiosity got the best of her.
She tip-toed slowly to the door and slowly opened it and she was left stunned. In front of Hannah was a room full of books! Books glistering in the dust, basking in the warm sunlight just waiting to be explored. Hannah gasped (倒吸气) as she realized that she had found a hidden treasure. Hannah broomed and dusted all day long until she realized it was dark and she had to go back. So Hannah picked two books and decided to read them at her home.
She went home and all night long, she read the adventurous tales hidden in the book cover. The next day, she quickly gulped her breakfast and made her way to the cottage again. Hannah devoured the books.
They were too interesting filled with stories about different creatures. Each page was just an adventure waiting to be embarked on. Hannah’s imagination took her to a world of talking animals, mystical creatures, and daring nights. The little girl was so inspired by the books and she learned the power of love and friendship! With the good in heart, she decided to share the tales with the people of her village.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

She knew it would be a difficult journey, but she wanted to share the gold with everyone.
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Soon, the words of Hannah’s storytelling spread to far-off towns.
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