2019-2020学年密云区第二中学高三英语上学期期末考试试卷及参考答案

2019-2020学年密云区第二中学高三英语上学期期末考试试卷及参考
答案
第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
You might not expect it, but cows are a large source of the greenhouse gases that are driving climate change. Cows produce lots of methane by breaking down the grass, Now scientists have shown that the pollution from cows canbe reduced by adding a little seaweed to their food.
Scientists first discovered that seaweed could help control methane from cows several years ago. But this work was done in a laboratory, there were many questions about whether the idea could work in real life.
In the lab studies, the cows were given quite a bit of seaweed, and they would cause losing weight. That wasn't helpful, since cows are often sold by weight. It also wasn't clear if the seaweed would stop working if it was used for a longer period of time.
Now, scientists from the University of California, Davis have answered several of these questions.
The researchers studied 21 cows on a farm for about five months. They taught the cows to get their food from inside a special hood, which allowed the scientists to measure the methane that the cows were giving off. This time, they used a much smaller amount of seaweed, which they mixed with the cows' food.
The results were surprisingly good. In some cases, the cows produced 82% less methane. The improvement depended on the kind of food the cows were given, but even the worst-polluting cows produced 33% less methane.
Over the five months, the scientists didn't see any signs that the cows' stomachs were getting used to the seaweed and starting to produce more methane again.
Another surprise came when they looked at the weight of the cows. The cows that were fed seaweed gained just as much weight as the other cows, but they didn't need as much food.
But there are still some big problems with the idea of feeding cows seaweed. For one thing, there's notadequateseaweed to feed all of the cows in the world. So farmers would have to figure out a way to grow lots of seaweed.
A bigger problem is that for most of their lives, cows live in fields, where they eat the grass. That means there's no chance to feed them seaweed every day. These problems need to be taken seriously if the world is
going to avoid the worst effects of the climate crisis.
Still, it's true that something as simple as feeding cows seaweed can help reduce some of the pollution causing the climate crisis.
1. Why did the scientists do the experiment on the farm?
A. To control the amount of seaweed.
B. To record the weight cows gained.
C. To confirm the effect of seaweed in real life.
D. To measure the amount of seaweed cows ale.
2. The underlined word “adequate” means ________ .
A. common
B. special
C. lacking
D. enough
3. The passage is written to ________ .
A. appeal to people not to raise the cows
B. encourage people to plant the seaweed
C. remind people of controlling cows' weight
D. call on people to take actions to reduce the pollution
B
A team of engineers atHarvardUniversity in trying to create the first robotic fly. Designed to do what a fly does naturally, the tiny is the size of a fat housefly. Its mini wings allow it to stay in the air and perform controlled flight tasks.
"The added difficulty with a project like this is that actually none of its components is off the shelf and so we have to develop them all on our own’ said Robert Wood, a Harvard engineering professor.
They engineered a series of systems to start and drive the robotic fly. “The seemingly simple system which just moves the wings hasa number of interdependencies (相互依赖）on the individual components, each of which individually has to perform well, but then has to be matched well to everything it d connected to,” said Wood.
While this first robotic flyer is linked to a small, off-board power source, the goal is eventually to equip it with a built-in power source, so that it might someday perform data-gathering work at rescue sites，in farmers’ fields or on the battlefield. "Basically it should be able to take off, land and fly around，” he said.
Wood says the design offers a new way to study flight mechanics and control at insect-scale. Yet, the power, sensing and computation technologies on board could have much broader applications.“You can start thinking about using them to answer open scientific questions, you know, to study biology in ways that would be difficult with the animal，but using these robots instead” he said. "So there are a lot of technologies and open interesting scientific questions that are really what drives us on a day-to-day basis.”
4. What is the typical characteristic of the robotic fly?
A. It's automatic.
B.It's very small.
C. It's controllable.
D. It's quite powerful.
5. We can infer from the passage that the robotic flyer can____ .
A. act as a spy plane
B. help do farm work
C.fly at a very high speed
D. answer many scientific questions
6. What is Wood's idea about the robotic fly according to the last paragraph?
A. It is highly questionable.
B. It has wide practical applications.
C. It gives scientists interest in flying machines.
D. It points to a new direction in studying biology.
7. What can be the best title for the passage?
A. Harvand's Study in the Field of Insects.
B. A Breakthrough in Engineering Science
C. An Interesting Invention一Robotic Fly
D. Robotic Fly一a Copy of Real Life Insect
C
It’s 13:30 and 28-year-old Marten Pella 's smart phone starts pinging, a signal that it’s time for us to stop working around his living room table and instead start our workout routine together. A cartoon character wearing bright red shorts on video begins instructing us to do star-jumps and sit-ups around his apartment.
Pella, a research assistant at Stockholm University, is part of the Hoffice movement, which invites workers-freelancers（自由职业者）or full-time employees who can do their jobs remotely—to work at each other’s homes to increase productivity and enjoy an active social life.
Those attending Hoffice events advertised on Facebook are typically asked to work silently in 45-minute blocks, before taking short breaks together to exercise, or simply chatting over a coffee. In addition, each participant shares daily objectives with the rest of the group upon arrival, and is invited to report back on whether or not they have achieved them at the end of the day.
“Often when I am alone, I can work focused for a couple of hours but then I’m easily distracted（分心）.The help of others makes me so much more disciplined.” says Pella, who attends Hoffice events as both a guest and a host. Lunches mean networking and connecting with new contacts. “People are coming from really different areas and have different professions so there can be really interesting discussions,” he says.
The Hoffice movement has grown quickly since it was founded in 2014 by Swedish psychologist Christofer Franzen, now 37. He had been giving lectures on the benefits of collective（集体的）intelligence, but realised he was spending most of his own time working alone at his kitchen table. “I wanted to test more structured home co-working with friends in similar situations,” he says.
Franzen says that holding events in houses and apartments creates a unique atmosphere, because there’s a sense of community and desire to contribute. He’s looking for ways to expand the social value of Hoffice, by matching up members with relevant skills to share and even encouraging jobseekers to join its gatherings.
8. Where is Pella when his smart phone starts pinging?
A. In his own home.
B. In his office.
C. In another person’s home.
D. At Stockholm University.
9. What do people attending Hoffice events do first when they meet?
A. Watch an exercise video.
B. Work silently for 45 minutes.
C. Tell each other their daily plans.
D. Report what they have achieved.
10. What does Franzen really mean by saying “friends in similar situations”?
A. They usually work alone.
B. They often give lectures.
C. They study collective intelligence.
D. They have to work at a kitchen table.
11. What is the best title for the text?
A. Sharing Comfortable Workplaces
B. A New Way to Make New Friends
C. Benefits of Collective Intelligence
D. Working from Others’ Homes
D
If you struggle to fall asleep quickly, you’re not alone! Fortunately, thereare plenty of solutions you can try. With a few changes, you can fall asleep fast every night!
Keep your room dark. Turn off all the lights above your head when you go to bed. Any bright light can make you believe it is too early in the day for sleep. If you want to read or write before bed, try using a small book light. Now that blue lights can keep you awake, red ones are a great choice.
If you can, keep noise in and around your room the lowest at night. If you have an old clock that ticks loudly and keeps you awake, replace it with a silent one. If you share your home with anyone else, request that they keep noises like talking, music, or TV shows at the lowest while you are trying to sleep. It is difficult to fall asleep if you
live near a busy road or hear other boring sounds after bedtime. You could get a white noise machine or play recordings of nature sounds, like waves or whales’ singing. You could also listen to soft, relaxing music.
Read a book in bed if you have difficulty in falling asleep. Staying in bed doing nothing when you’re having trouble falling asleep may keep you wide awake. While reading in bed may be slightly harmful to your eyes, it can distract (分散) you from your thoughts and help you feel sleepy. But remember to read from a print book rather than something with a screen. The light from electronic screens can keep you awake.
Lowering your body temperature helps you sleep, so set the room temperature between 15.5℃-21℃could do the trick.
12. What color1 book light should you choose toread before bed?
A. Red.
B. Blue.
C. White.
D. Orange.
13. What is the author’s attitude towards reading in bed?
A. Doubtful.
B. Worried.
C. Favorable.
D. Uncaring.
14. What can we inferred from the text?
A. Reading on cellphones sometimes helps you fall asleep.
B. The lower your temperature while sleeping is, the better.
C. Bright lights are better for your reading before going to bed.
D. Playing recordings like birds’ singing can improve your sleep.
15. How does the author organize the text?
A. By givingexamples.
B. By asking questions.
C. By offering suggestions.
D. By listing research results.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项I’ve always wanted to travel ever since I was young.____16____I deeply believe travel makes me richer, not in my wallet, but in my intelligence.
____17____In general, I have a very hard time trusting people, mostlybecause I worry they’ll lie or take advantage of me. Yet travel reminds me that so many kind-hearted, brave, and intelligent people exist in the world.
What’s more, exploring the world builds incredible self-confidence. I’m able to accept and embrace my
weaknesses more easily after traveling somewhere epic (壮丽的) and having time to reflect.____18____Travel gives me a chance to push beyond them and even accept them for what they are.
Travel forces me to return to nature and promote a deeper appreciation for the earth. I breathe fresh air in both clear lakes and green mountains.____19____I’m even willing to be part of nature.
Travel has made me a stronger person, and I couldn’t imagine my life without endless plane tickets and backpacks. Breaking my comfort zone strengthens my self-pride. It‘s a precious gift, the best one I can give myself.
I feel like I have a deeper appreciation for the world now. I’m not as closed off or shallow, and consider myself very receptive to different opinions and ways of life.____20____
A. We all have disadvantages.
B. The fresh air fills my lungs.
C. Travel has calmed my anxiety.
D. Travel makes me a better person.
E. Travel restores my faith in people.
F. I want to make friends through travelling.
G. The idea of travel lives inside my brain all the time.
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项The summer after my firstyear of college, I got my first job as a waiter in a restaurant. For me, it was a step moving from a___21___child to a more independent adult. I had never___22___a day in my life when I was in high school because my____23____wanted me to focus on study.
I printed out a recently updated resume(简历)I first___24___in my senior year and filled out dozens of applications. I sent applications____25____to get my first couple of choices. I got no calls or emails back.____26____, halfway through the third week, I finally got a call back from one of theplaces I applied to. We had____27____a meeting time, and after my___28___, I was more than ready to start working the following Monday.
When working, it was very___29___that I was the new guy. My parents_____30_____that I would not last the first two weeks, and that I would be______31______looking for more jobs. However, I stuck with it.I made sure to put a_____32_____on my face every day no matter what_____33_____. At times, some customers were always asking to speak with my______34______. Every time I heard that, I thought if I had a dollar, I would_____35_____work a day in my life. However, I______36______to get the hang of things after a couple of
weeks. I always suggested the suitable_____37_____for customers.
A couple of weeks later, I had been told by the manager that I had received the______38______employee of the month. At that moment, I felt like I had truly_____39_____it, and this was the first ofmany achievements I would receive while working. It taught me a lot about responsibility and the______40______of insisting on the work.
21. A. free B. dependent C. naughty D. cheerful
22. A. spent B. worked C. saved D. wasted
23. A. friends B. s C. parents D. teachers
24. A. wrote B. improved C. planned D. tried
25. A. agreeing B. promising C. managing D. hoping
26. A. Besides B. Meanwhile C. However D. Therefore
27. A. set up B. put up C. taken up D. made up
28. A. contribution B. interview C. experience D. experiment
29. A. lucky B. terrible C. likely D. obvious
30. A. figured B. advised C. proved D. admitted
31. A. unhappy B. alone C. back D. crazy
32. A. flower B. sign C. note D. smile
33. A. appeared B. happened C. rose D. operated
34. A. manager B. partner C. roommate D. waiter
35. A. only B. nearly C. never D. regularly
36. A. started B. refused C. wanted D. pretended
37. A. tickets B. plans C. cases D. choices
38. A. friendly B. best C. hopeful D. amazing
39. A. got B. had C. kept D. made
40. A. truth B. power C. importance D. way
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
Last year, two days before Christmas, my friends called, telling me their kitchen caught fire,_____41._____(destroy) everything in it. I drove to their house, taking all the food that I had. They were so happy to see me, but felt_____42._____(embarrass) having nothing to give me in return.
I went home, very upset._____43._____(actual), I was also in a hard place financially and unable to do_____44._____(much) for them. I called a friend of____45.____(I) about this, who responded, "These people mean a lot to you and I want to help them." Since he had never met them, he requested me_____46._____(go) to the grocery store, all on him. At the check-out, I noticed him lacking money, so that I had to have some items taken back.
We were walking away_____47._____I heard a voice behind me asking the clerk, "How much are those things? I decide to pay for them." I turned around,_____48._____(thank) the kind man and told him everything. He explained that he understood as he had lost his job the year before but now was working again._____49._____tears in our eyes, all of us went away. It was such______50.______wonderful feeling to see folks step up when someone needed help, even a total stranger.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。

每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(℃)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。

修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意: 1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

Dear Tom,
I'm glad to hear that you are very interesting in Guoxue. Let me to give you a simple introduction to it.
Generally speaking, Guoxue refers to the excellent traditional Chinese culture,that includes philosophy, literature, history, music, painting and so on. Guoxue has been playing an increasing important part in China,especially for them students. Not only did it tell us how to study,but it also teaches us how to live. More and more Guoxue courses is given in schools of different levels all over China.
If you want to get better understanding of Guoxue, you are welcome to China to learn it,feel it and enjoy it. I'm sure you’11 benefit from living in two different culture. I'm looking forward to see you soon in China.
Yours,
Wang Kai 第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Tom近日给你发来电子邮件，说他想结交更多的中国朋友。

请你给他
回一封电子邮件，向他介绍你的一位好友。

内容包括：
1.表明写信目的；
2.介绍你的朋友；
3.表达美好祝愿。

注意:1.词数100左右;
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

Dear Tom,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
参考答案
1. C
2. D
3. D
4. B
5. A
6. B
7. D
8. A 9. C 10. A 11. D
12. A 13. C 14. D 15. C
16. G 17. E 18. A 19. B 20. D
21. B 22. B 23. C 24. A 25. D 26. C 27. A 28. B 29. D 30. A 31. C 32.
D 33. B 34. A 35. C 36. A 37. D 38. B 39. D 40. C
41. destroying
42. embarrassed
43. Actually
44. more 45. mine
46. to go 47. when
48. thanked
49. With 50. a
通过作者的亲身经历，告诉我们要做善良的人，帮助那些需要帮助的人，甚至一个完全陌生的人。

51.(1).interesting→interested
(2).去掉to
(3).that→which
(4).increasing→increasingly
(5).them→us
(6).did→does
(7).is→are
(8).get后加a
(9).culture→cultures
(10).see→seeing
52.略。