轴向柱塞泵基本原理

9. 具有变量机构
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Basic Principle of APU 轴向柱塞泵基本原理
液压泵分类
机械原理
结构形式
模式
齿轮
齿轮泵
外啮合齿轮泵 内啮合齿轮泵
摆线泵
螺杆泵
螺杆泵
叶片
叶片泵
单作用叶片泵 双作用叶片泵
柱塞
径向柱塞
活塞偏心式 轴偏心式
轴向柱塞
斜盘式
斜轴式 © All rights reserved by Bosch Rexroth AG, as well in cases of trade mark rights applications. All rights of disposal as copy of passing by us.
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
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最高额定工作压力
最高峰值压力
理论排量
实际排量
实际流量
容积效率
机械效率/总效率
额定转速
最高转速
极限吸油压力
额定功率
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模式
定量泵 定量泵 定量泵 定量泵 定量 / 变量 定量泵 定量 / 变量 定量 / 变量 定量 / 变量 定量 / 变量 2
液压泵要素
1. 组成工作腔
2. 产生工作腔容积变化
3. 有配油装置
4. 消除困油现象
5. 尽量实现液体静液压平衡
6. 保证寿命的轴承结构
7. 易于实现自润滑
8. 合理的吸排油设计
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性能 种类 齿轮泵 内啮合齿轮泵 叶片泵 径向柱塞泵 斜轴泵 斜盘泵
额定压力 bar
最高300 最高300 最高70 最高100 350 450
额定转速 额定排量
rpm
cc
500 - 6000 0.2 - 200 500 - 3000 3 - 250 1000 - 3000 0.5 - 100 1000 - 2000 5 - 100 500 - 3000 5 - 1000 500 - 3000 10 - 1000
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液压泵特性
最高额定工作压力 能连续工作的最高压力
最高峰值压力 能短时工作的最高压力
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机械效率/总效率
有于各种机械的和液压的磨损，泵的实际输
入扭矩大于理论扭矩，其比值为机械效率
ηPM

M理 论 M实 际
泵的总输入功率和输出功率的比值为总效率
ηP ηPM * ηPV
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额定转速 允许连续工作的最高转速
最高转速 允许短时工作的最高转速
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变量
定量 定量 变量 定量 定量/ 变量 定量 / 变量
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实际流量 理论流量扣除内外泄漏量为实际流量
Q实际 = Q理论 - ΔQ
内泄漏：指配油盘吸油腔和压油腔之间的泄漏
外泄漏：指流向回转体外的泄漏
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额定功率 油泵连续使用的允许最大功率
极限吸油压力（允许真空度） 油泵吸油管路允许的真空度
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液压泵特性
理论排量
泵主轴转一转所产生的容积变化 （无泄漏的状态下，泵轴转一转排
出的液体容积：称理论几何排量）
理论流量
泵在单位时间理论上所排出的液体体积 （无泄漏的状态下，泵轴转一转排
出的液体容积：称理论流量）
Q=q*n
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液压泵特性
容积效率 泵的实际流量和理论流量之比
ηPV
Q实际 Q理论
Q理论 ΔQ 1 ΔQ
Q理论
Q理论
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