中国古代建筑及构造英文

中国古代建筑及构造

宫palace,temple

殿hall

厅hall又称“堂”

室room

房house

亭pavilion

台platform

坛altar

楼storied building

阁pavilion

廊colonnade

榭pavilion on terrace

水榭waterside pavilion

轩windowed veranda

民居folk house

四合院courtyard house

寨stockaded village

舫boat house

阙que, watchtower

牌楼pailou, decorated gateway

华表huabiao, ornamental pillar

塔pagoda

硬山flush gable roof

悬山overhanging gable roof

歇山gable and hip roof

庑殿hip roof

四阿hip roof

卷棚round ridge roof

重檐double eave roof

攒尖pyramidal roof

园攒尖round pavilion roof

大木wooden structure

大式wooden frame with dougong

小式wooden frame without dougong

大木作carpentry work

小木作joinery work

抬梁式构架post and lintel construction 穿斗式构架column and tie construction 井干式构架log cabin construction

檐柱eave column

金柱hypostyle column

内槽柱hypostyle column唐代术语

内柱hypostyle column宋代术语

山柱center column

角柱corner column唐、宋术语

瓜柱short column

脊瓜柱king post

蜀柱king post宋代术语

雷公柱suspended column

帐杆suspended column宋代术语

侧脚cejiao宋代术语

卷杀entasis

梭柱shuttle-shaped column宋代术语

角背bracket

由戗inverted V-shaped brace

叉手chashou, inverted V-shaped brace宋代术语柁墩wooden pier

驼峰tuofeng, camel-hump shaped suport宋代术语梁beam

袱beam宋代术语

月梁crescent beam

三架梁3-purlin beam

平梁3-purlin beam宋代术语

四架梁4-purlin beam

五架梁5-purlin beam

四椽袱5-purlin beam宋代术语

六架梁6-purlin beam

七架梁7-purlin beam

六椽袱7-purlin beam宋代术语

九架梁9-purlin beam

八椽袱9-purlin beam宋代术语

单步梁one-step cross beam

双步梁two-step cross beam

挑尖梁main aisle exposed tiebeam

乳袱rufu, beam tie宋代术语

抱头梁baotou beam

穿插枋penetrating tie

角梁hip rafer

桁purlin (used with dougong)大式

檩purlin (used without dougong)小式

抟purlin宋代术语

脊桁ridged purlin大式

脊檩ridged purlin小式

脊抟ridged purlin宋代术语

金桁intermediate purlin大式

金檩intermediate purlin小式

上中平抟intermediate purlin宋代术语

老檐桁purlin on hypostyle大、小式，宋代术语正心桁eave purlin大式

檐檩eave purlin小式

下平抟eave purlin宋代术语

额枋architrave(used with dougong)大式

檐枋architrave(used with dougong)小式

阑额architrave宋代术语

由额垫板cushion board大式

檐垫板cushion board小式

枋tiebeam

脊枋ridge tiebeam

上金枋upper purlin tiebeam

下金枋lower purlin tiebeam

老檐枋eave tiebeam大式，指檐口构造

檐枋eave tiebeam小式，指檐口构造

顶椽top rafter

脑椽upper rafter

花架椽intermediate rafter

檐椽eave rafter

飞檐椽flying rafter

飞子flying rafter宋代术语

连檐eave edging

瓦口tile edging

颔版tile edging宋代术语

举架raising the purlin

举析raising the purlin宋代术语

步架horizontal spacing between purlins

材cai

栔qi

分fen

斗口doukou,mortise of cap block

斗拱dougong,bracket set

斗dou, bracket set

升block with cross mortise

大斗cap block

栌斗cap block宋代术语

拱gong,bracketarm

翘flower arm, petal

华拱flower arm宋代术语

昂ang,lever

槽升子center block

齐心斗center block宋代术语

三才升small block

十八斗connection block