建筑与结构专业术语

GENERAL WORDS FOR CONSTRUCTION 施工常用词汇

1. ARCHITECTURE 建筑专业

a. DESIGN BASIS 设计依据

计划建议书planning proposals设计任务书design order标准规范standards and codes

条件图information drawing设计基础资料basic data for design工艺流程图process flowchart 工程地质资料engineering geological data原始资料original data设计进度schedule of design b. STAGE OF DESIGN 设计阶段

方案scheme, draft草图sketch会谈纪要summary of discussion谈判negotiation

可行性研究feasibility study初步设计preliminary design基础设计basic design

详细设计detail design询价图enquiry drawing施工图working drawing, construction drawing 竣工图as built drawing

c. CLIMATE CONDITION 气象条件

日照sunshine风玫瑰wind rose最大(平均)风速maximum (mean) wind velocity

主导风向prevailing wind direction最大(平均)降雨量maximum (mean) rainfall

雷击及闪电thunder and lightning 风荷载wind load飓风hurricane台风typhoon

旋风cyclone降雨强度rainfall intensity 年降雨量annual rainfall

湿球温度wet bulb temperature干球温度dry bulb temperature 冰冻期frost period

冰冻线frost line 冰冻区frost zone室外计算温度calculating outdoor temperature

采暖地区region with heating provision不采暖地区region without heating provision

绝对大气压absolute atmospheric pressure相对湿度relative humidity

d. GENERAL ROOM NAME 常用房间名称

办公室office服务用房service room换班室shift room休息室rest room (break room)

起居室living room浴室bathroom淋浴间shower更衣室locker room厕所lavatory 门厅lobby诊室clinic工作间workshop电气开关室switchroom走廊corridor

档案室archive电梯机房lift motor room车库garage清洁间cleaning room

会议室(正式) conference room会议室meeting room衣柜间ward robe

暖风间H.V.A.C room饭店restaurant餐厅canteen, dining room厨房kitchen

入口entrance接待处reception area会计室accountant room秘书室secretary room

电气室electrical room控制室control room工长室foreman office开关柜室switch gear 前室antecabinet (Ante.)生产区production area马达控制中心Mcc多功能用房utility room 化验室laboratory room经理室manager room披屋(阁楼) penthouse

警卫室guard house

e. ROOFING AND CEILING 屋面及天棚

女儿墙parapet雨蓬canopy屋脊roof ridge坡度slope坡跨比pitch

分水线water-shed二毡三油 2 layers of felt & 3 coats of bitumastic

附加油毡一层extra ply of felt檐口eave挑檐overhanging eave檐沟eave gutter

平屋面flat roof坡屋面pitched roof雨水管downspout, rain water pipe)(R.W.P)

汇水面积catchment area泛水flashing内排水interior drainage外排水exterior drainage 滴水drip屋面排水roof drainage找平层leveling course卷材屋面built-up roofing

天棚ceiling檩条purlin屋面板roofing board天花板ceiling board

防水层water-proof course检查孔inspection hole人孔manhole

吊顶suspended ceiling, false ceiling檐板(窗帘盒) cornice

f. WALL (CLADDING) 墙体(外墙板)

砖墙brick wall砌块墙block wall清水砖墙brick wall without plastering

抹灰墙rendered wall石膏板墙gypsum board, plaster board空心砖墙hollow brick wall

承重墙bearing wall非承重墙non-bearing wall纵墙longitudinal wall横墙transverse wall 外墙external (exterior) wall内墙internal (interior) wall填充墙filler wall防火墙fire wall 窗间墙wall between window空心墙cavity wall压顶coping圈梁gird, girt, girth

玻璃隔断glazed wall防潮层damp-proof course (D.P.C)遮阳板sunshade阳台balcony 伸缩缝expansion joint沉降缝settlement joint抗震缝seismic joint

复合夹心板sandwich board压型单板corrugated single steel plate外墙板cladding panel

复合板composite panel轻质隔断light-weight partition牛腿bracket砖烟囱brick chimney 勒脚(基座) plinth

g. FLOOR AND TRENCH 地面及地沟

地坪grade地面和楼面ground and floor素土夯实rammed earth炉渣夯实tamped cinder 填土filled earth回填土夯实tamped backfill垫层bedding course, blinding

面层covering, finish结合层bonding (binding) course找平层leveling course

素水泥浆结合层neat cement binding course混凝土地面concrete floor水泥地面cement floor 机器磨平混凝土地面machine trowelled concrete floor水磨石地面terrazzo flooring

马赛克地面mosaic flooring 瓷砖地面ceramic tile flooring油地毡地面linoleum flooring

预制水磨石地面precast terrazzo flooring硬木花地面hard-wood parquet flooring

搁栅joist硬木毛地面hard-wood rough flooring企口板地面tongued and grooved flooring

防酸地面acid-resistant floor钢筋混凝土楼板reinforced concrete slab (R.C Slab)

乙烯基地面vinyl flooring水磨石嵌条divider strip for terrazzo地面做2％坡floor with 2% slope 集水沟gully集水口gulley排水沟drainage trench沟盖板trench cover

活动盖板removable cover plate集水坑sump pit孔翻边hole up stand电缆沟cable trench h. DOORS,GLASS,WINDOWS & IRONMONGERY(HARDWARE) 门、玻璃、窗及五金件

木(钢)门wooden (steel) door镶板门panelled door夹板门plywood door

铝合金门aluminum alloy door卷帘门roller shutter door弹簧门swing door

推拉门sliding door平开门side-hung door折叠门folding door旋转门revolving door

玻璃门glazed door密闭门air-Tight door保温门thermal insulating door

镀锌铁丝网门galvanized steel wire mesh door防火门fire door(大门上的)小门wicket

门框door frame门扇door leaf门洞door opening结构开洞structural opening

单扇门single door双扇门double door疏散门emergency door纱门screen door

门槛door sill 门过梁door lintel上冒头top rail下冒头bottom rail门边木stile

门樘侧料side jumb槽口notch木窗wooden window钢窗steel window

铝合金窗aluminum alloy window百叶窗(通风为主) sun-bind, louver (louver, shutter, blind)

塑钢窗plastic steel window空腹钢窗hollow steel window固定窗fixed window

平开窗side-hung window推拉窗sliding window气窗transom上悬窗top-hung window 中悬窗center-pivoted window下悬窗hopper window活动百叶窗adjustable louver

天窗skylight老虎窗dormer window密封双层玻璃sealed double glazing

钢筋混凝土过梁reinforced concrete lintel钢筋砖过梁reinforced brick lintel

窗扇casement sash窗台window sill窗台板window board窗中梃mullion

窗横木mutin窗边木stile压缝条cover mould窗帘盒curtain box 合页(铰链) hinge (butts) 转轴pivot长脚铰链parliament hinge闭门器door closer地弹簧floor closer

插销bolt门锁door lock拉手pull链条chain门钩door hanger碰球ball latch 窗钩window catch暗插销insert bolt电动开关器electric opener平板玻璃plate glass

夹丝玻璃wire glass透明玻璃clear glass毛玻璃(磨砂玻璃) ground glass (frosted glass)