倒装句讲义

倒装句|句装倒

英语句子的自然顺序是主语在前,谓语在后（主语+谓语）。把谓语动词放在主语之前（谓语+主语）,就叫倒装结构。如果全部谓语放在主语之前, 叫全部倒装; 如果只把助动词或be 动词放在主语之前就叫部分倒装。

一、完全倒装

全部倒装是只将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用与一般现在时和一般过去时。常见的结构有：

1.在以here、there、 now 、 then 、 up、down 、 in 、out 、off、away等表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首以示强调，句子要全部倒装，谓语动词常用come,go, be, lie,run,rush等

(1) The birds flew away.

Away flew the birds.

(2)那个男孩走开了。

Away went the boy.

(3)小孩子冲了出来。

Out rushed the children.

(4)他走开了。

Away he went.

(5)她来了。

There she comes.

注意：当主语是人称代词时主谓不倒装.例如（4）和（5）

2. 表示地点的介词短语位于句首时。

A beautiful lake lies at the foot of the hill

At the foot of the hill lies a beautiful lake.

注意：在上述句子中，如果主语为人称代词，则主、谓不需要倒装。

(1)一只小狗坐在房间外。

A little dog sits outside the room.

Outside the room sits a little dog.

(2)我们学校江边有一个“希望之星”的雕塑。

A statue, the star of hope lies on the riverside .

On the riverside lies a statue, the star of hope.

(3)一座碉楼座落在山顶上。

A watchtower stands on top of the hill.

On top of the hill stands a watchtower.

Eg:

高考真题再现：

1. Look over there. ______!（2007年安徽，22）

A. Around the corner is walking a policeman.

B. Around the corner is a policeman walking.

C. Around the corner a policeman is walking.

D. Around the corner policemen are walking.

2. In front of our house ____ with a history of 1000 years. （2006上海春季，34）

A. does a tall tree stand

B. stands a tall tree.

C. a tall tree is standing

D. a tall tree stands

2. At the foot of the mountain ____________. (四川，28)

A. a village lies

B. lies a village

C. does a village lie

D. lying a village

3某些表语位于句首

1)表语为介词短语

Among the goods are Christmas trees, flowers, candles and toys.

2)表语为形容词

Present at the meeting were Mr White and many other guests.

3)表语为过去分词

Seated on the ground are a group of young people.

4)表语为进行时态中的现在分词

Lying on the floor was a boy.

Standing beside the desk was a teacher.

二、部分倒装

把be/助动词/情态动词提前到主语的前面

Is am are was were

do does did

can could would may will might 等

1.only所修饰的副词、介词短语或状语从句放在句首时, 要进行部分倒装，如：

Only then did I realize the importance of learning English.

Only in this way can you hope to improve the situation there.

Only after he came back was I able to see him.

注：only修饰主语，仍用自然语序，如：

Only socialism can save China.

高考真题再现：

1.Only then ____ how much damage had been caused.（2006 陕西，16）

A.had she realized

B. she realized

C. did she realize

D. she had realized

2. Only in this way ____ do it well.

A. must we

B. we could

C. can we

D. we can

2. 否定副词及介词短语的否定词位于句首时。

高考常考的这类词或词语有：never , not, seldom, hardly, little, nowhere, by no

means, in no time等。

(1)我从没见过如此美丽的地方。

I have never seen such a beautiful place.

Never have I seen such a beautiful place.

(2)我很少去看电影．

I seldom go to the cinema.

Seldom do I go to the cinema.

(3)我从来没有看过这样的表演．

I have never seen such a performance.

Never have I seen such a performance.

高考真题再现：

1. I’ve tried very hard to improve my English. But by no means _____ with my progress.

A. the teacher is not satisfied

B. is the teacher not satisfied

C. the teacher is satisfied

D． is the teacher satisfied

2. Only when class began ____ that he had left his book at home.

A. will realize

B. he did realize

C. did he realize

D. should he realize

3. Not a single mistake____ in the dictation yesterday.

A. did he make

B. made by him

C. he made

D. he had made

4. Not only __ a promise, but also kept it.

A. had he made

B. he had made

C. did he make

D. he makes

5. I finally got the job. Never in all life___ so happy.

A. did I feel

B. I felt

C. I had felt

D. had I felt

6. Why can't I smoke here?