2018届江苏省南京市金陵中学高三年级期初测试英语试卷

2018届江苏省金陵中学高三年级期初测试英语试题分值：120分时间：120分钟第一部分：听力(共两节，满分20分)第一节：（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1. What would the man like to drink?A. Iced coffee.B. Regular tea.C. Hot coffee.2. Who will the woman go to the baseball game with?A. Her father.B. The man.C. Her mother.3. What do we know about the man?A. He’s a college student.B. He won’t live at home next year.C. He bought too many clothes.4. What does the woman mean?A. The man can get his hair cut anywhere.B. The man should go to a different neighborhood.C. The man doesn’t need a haircut.5. Why did the woman ask the man for the time?A. Her watch just broke.B. She has a dinner appointment.C. She has to meet someone to go running.第二节：（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）听下面5段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6. Where did the man get the jacket?A. It was a gift from his brother-in-law.B. His sister bought it for him.C. He bought it himself at Barney’s.7. What does the man say about the jacket?A. It cost less than four hundred dollars.B. It is very high-quality.C. It was probably quite expensive.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。

8. Where are the speakers?A. At a museum.B. At the man’s house.C. At an art show.9. What does the woman offer to d o for the man?A. Give him one of the paintings for free.B. Give him a discount if he buys two pieces.C. Paint something cheaper just for him.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。

10. Along with grapes, what is the most dangerous food for dogs?A. cheese.B. Chocolate.C. Biscuits.11. How many grapes did the woman give Buster?A. Nine or ten.B. Three or four.C. Ten or twenty.12. What does the man imply about the woman?A. She usually drives too slowly.B. She’ll have to pump Buster’s stomach herself.C. She’ll have to pay Buster’s medical bills.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。

13. What is the special price of the plane tickets?A. $250 each.B. $500 each.C. $100 each.14. What is true about the hotel?A. It is in the mountains.B. Saturdays are always full price.C. It doesn’t offer special deals on Fridays15. According to the woman, when would the speakers return from Mexico?A. On Sunday.B. On Saturday.C. On Monday.16. What does the man suggest in the end?A. Finding a different time to go on vacation.B. Going somewhere else for this weekend.C. Finding another excuse to tell his boss听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。

17. What is the speaker’s personality like?A. Quiet and shy.B. Outgoing and loud.C. Silly and loud.18. Where did the speaker grow up?A. On the West Coast.B. On the East Coast.C. Near Chicago.19. What made the speaker’s parents unhappy?A. The twins had their own special words.B. The twins wanted the same clothes.C. The twin s’ behavior was so different.20. What’s the speake r’s attitude toward her sister?A. Indifferent.B. Envious.C. Friendly.第二部分：英语知识运用第一节单项选择（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）21. China officially set Sept 3 as "Victory Day" to mark China's victory over Japan in World War II. The establishment of "Victory Day" highlights Beijing's ________ to peaceful development and the importance of ________ the past.A. commitment; acknowledgingB. application; admittingC. acknowledging; committingD. admission; applying22. —Do you enjoy seeing foreign films?—Yes. Some of them are good and the film Transformers: The Last Knight,is excellent.A. in commonB. in totalC. in particularD. in general23. President Xi Jinping made an inspection tour of Beijing Normal University on the eve of Teachers' Day, saying "To become a good teacher, one must have lofty ideals（理想）, good , solid knowledge and a kind heart．"A. interestsB. regulationsC. identitiesD. virtues24. It is not so much the language ________ the cultural background ______ makes the filmdifficult to understand.A. that; asB. what; asC. as; whatD. as; that25. It is so good a habit to instruct children to lay things _______ they belong when they areyoung.A. to whichB. thatC. in whichD. where26.I found my computer functioning much better, ________ a new operating system.A. to installB. installingC. having installedD. installed27. One factor _______ my weight gain was my love for cooking, especially rich, high-fat desserts,which I enjoyed preparing and of course, eating.A. turning outB. accounting forC. resulting fromD. putting on28. Fundamental _______ computers are to ______ more industrial structure, heavy reliance onthem may separate people in daily life and affect their interpersonal relationships.A. as; developB. though; developingC. although; developedD. because; develop29. As a new diplomat, he often thinks of ____ he can react more appropriately on such occasion.A. whatB. howC. whichD. when30. --Nice to see you again after all these years. What ________?--Well, I’ve tried many things since we left school. I’m now working for a large oil company.A. have you doneB. were you doingC. did you doD. have you been doing31. ---Has John ever broken his promise?---No. For example, he said he would show me around his school, and _______ .A. so would heB. so did heC. so he wouldD. so he did32. The newly-built café, the walls of _____ painted light blue, is really a peaceful place for us,especially after hard work.A. whoseB. whichC. whatD. it33. He stood up and looked forward to _______ what has happened over there and found therewas a cinema around ______ he could see a film being shown.A. seeing; whichB. see; whereC. see; whichD. seeing; that34. Were it not for the fact that he ______ his work, he ______ enjoying himself by the seaside.A. completed; wouldn’t have beenB. had completed; wouldn’t have beenC. has completed; wouldn’t beD. completes; wouldn’t be35. --Now that I have finished my exams, I am going to relax and go to a movie tonight.-- _______! I’ve still got two finals to take.A. Good luck to youB. So far, so goodC. How niceD. Lucky you第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）If you studied pictures that ancient people left on rock walls and you tried to determine their meaning, you would not detect interest in romance among the artists. 36 , you would see plenty of animals with people running af ter them. Life for ancient people’s seemed to center on hunting and gathering wild foods for meals.In modern times, when food is available in grocery stores, finding love is more 37 to people’s lives. The 38 is all around us. It is easy to prepare a list of modern stories having to do with love. An endless number of books and movies 39 as love stories in popular culture.Researchers are studying whether love, a highly valued emotional state, can be 40 . They ask, what is love? Toothpaste companies want us to think 41 is all about clean teeth, but clean teeth go only so far. Scientists wonder how much the brain gets involved. You have probably heard that opposites attract but that 42 attract, too. One thing is certain: The truth about love is not yet set in stone.First ImpressionTo help determine the 43 of attraction, researchers paired 164 college classmates and had them talk for 3, 6 or 10 minutes so they could get a sense of each other’s individuality. Then students were asked to 44 what kind of relationship they were likely to build with their partners. After nine weeks, they reported what happened.As it turned out, their 45 judgments often held true. Students seemed to 46 at an early stage who would best fit into their lives.The 47 KnowsScientists have also turned to nonhumans to increase understanding of attraction. Many animals give off pheromones — natural chemicals that can be detected by, and then can produce a response in, other animals of the same species. Pheromones can 48 that an animal is either ready to fight or is feeling 49 to partnerships. In contrast, humans do not seem to be as 50 as other animals at 51 such chemicals. Smell, however, does seem to play a part in human attraction. Although we may not be aware of chemicals like pheromones consciously, we give and receive loads of information through smell in every interaction with other people.Face ValueBeing fond of someone seems to have a number of factors, including seeing something we find attractive. Researchers had people judge faces for 52 . The participants had 0.013 seconds to view each face, yet somehow they generally considered the images the same as people who had more time to study the same faces. The way we 53 attractiveness seem to be somewhat 54 .When shown an attractive face and then words with good or bad associations, people responded to 55 words faster after viewing an attractive face. Seeing something attractive seems to cause happy thinking.36. A. Moreover B. Therefore C. Instead D. Otherwise37. A. central B. romantic C. stressful D. artificial38. A. priority B. possibility C. proof D. principle39. A. work B. use C. function D. qualify40. A. seated B. impressed C. changed D. created41. A. attention B. attraction C. focus D. ambition42. A. appearances B. virtues C. position D. similarities43. A. illustrations B. ingredients C. imaginations D. instructors44. A. predict B. investigate C. diagnose D. recall45. A. critical B. random C. initial D.mature46. A. memorize B. question C. negotiate D. distinguish47. A. Heart B . Eye C. Nose D. Hand48. A. show B . signal C. demonstrate D. sign49. A. resistant B. alert C. open D. superior50. A. disappointed B. amazed C. confused D. gifted51. A. discovering B . detecting C. exploring D. exposing52. A. attractiveness B. emotion C. individuality D. signals53. A. enhance B. possess C. maintain D. assess54. A. intentional B . automatic C. autonomous D. deliberate55. A. familiar B. plain C. irritating D. positive第三部分：阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）available course. We have two centres in Midhaven.Deposits/payment Conditions56. When applying for a course at Ashwood College, students must __________.A. charge the college for sending money to all banksB. charge some money for making any changes of the bookingsC. pay the rest of the fees by the end of the first week of the courseD. pay a course or accommodation deposit along with registration forms57. What can we know from Conditions?A. There is hardly a break between each lesson.B. Classes are organized according to students’ ability level.C. Students may change courses at any time during the term.D. Any student is permitted to take a week’s holiday during a 12-week course.BIn a historic moment on June 26, the US Supreme Court ruled that same-sex marriage is a legal right across all 50 states. The Supreme Court justices ruled states cannot deny gay men and women the same marriage rights. The decision means the 13 states with bans on same-sex marriage are no longer able to enforce them.Same-sex couples “ask for equal dignity in the eyes of the law”. Justice Anthony Kennedy wrote in the majorit y opinion: “The Constitution grants them that right.”The decision came after decades of litigation（诉讼） and activism. It set off celebrations across the US. In affected states including Georgia, Michigan, Ohio and Texas, same-sex couples rushed to wed, while officials in Mississippi and Louisiana said marriages had to wait until procedural issues were addressed, reported the BBC.According to “The New York Times”, the ruling came against the backdrop of fast-moving changes in public opinion in the US, with polls indicating that most Americans now approve of same-sex marriage.US President Barack Obama welcomed the ruling, saying it “affirms what millions of Americans already believe in their hearts.” “Today,” he said in a press release, “we can s ay, in no uncertain terms, that we have made our union a little more perfect.”Another win.This was the second time the Supreme Court took up same-sex marriage, according to an article in “Business Insider”. The first time, in June 2013, the court made a decision that allowed the US federal government to recognize same-sex marriages in states where they were already legal.But at that time, the Supreme Court declined to rule on the broader question about gay marriage: Is there a constitutional（宪法的） right to same-sex marriage? The June 26 ruling gave a positive answer to that question.Justice Kennedy wrote in the majority opinion that the Constitution should evolve with societal changes.“The nature of injustice is that we may not always see it in our own times,” he wrote. “The generations that wrote and ratified the “Bill of Rights” and the “Fourteenth Amendment（修正案）” did not exactly know the extent of freedom in all of its dimensions, and so they hoped the future generations can protect the right of all persons to enjoy liberty as we learn its meaning.”The Fourteenth Amendment addresses citizenship rights and equal protection of the law. In the June 26 ruling, the Supreme Court declared that the equal protection clause of the amendment requires marriage rights be extended to same-sex couples, too.58. According to the passage, which of the following is true?A. The majority of Americans now object to same-sex marriage.B. Gay men and women did not care about the ruling.C. All the US states did not ban same-sex marriage before the ruling.D. The US president believes the country will be less perfect after the ruling.59. It can be inferred that ________.A. before June 26, most Americans have doubt about same-sex marriage.B. this is the first time the Americans have got the same-sex marriage right.C. thanks to the amendment, all the Same-sex couples can get married immediately.D. Americans struggled for decades to win the same-sex right.60. Why does the author refer to Justice Kennedy’s “ the nature of injustice is that we may not always see it in our own times” ?A. The author thinks that it is unfair for same-sex marriage not to have the marriage right.B. The author wants to show that it is difficult for same-sex marriage couple to get the right.C. The author thinks that in our own times we can not see the justice.D. The author shows his dissatisfaction with the delayed approval of the legal same-sex marriage.CIf you could change your child’s DNA in the future to protect them against diseases, would you? It could be possible because of technology known as CRISPR-Cas, or just CRISPR.CRISPR involves a piece of RNA, a chemical messenger, designed to work on one part of DNA; it also uses an enzyme (酶) that can take unwanted genes out and put new ones in, according to The Economist. There are other ways of editing DNA, but CRISPR will do it very simply, quickly, and exactly.The uses of CRISPR could mean that cures are developed for everything from Alzheimer’s to cancer to HIV. By allowing doctors to put just the right cancer-killing genes into a patient’s immune system, the technology could help greatly.In April scientists in China said they had tried using CRISPR to edit the genomes (基因组) of human embryos. Though the embryos would never turn into humans, this was the first time anyone had ever tried to edit DNA from human beings. With this in mind, the US’National Academy of Sciences plans to discuss questions about CRISPR’s ethics (伦理问题).For example, CRISPR doesn’t work properly yet. As well as cutting the DNA it is looking for, it often cuts other DNA, too. In addition, we currently seem to have too little understanding of what DNA gives people what qualities.There are also moral questions around “playing God”. Of course, medicine already stops natural things from happening ——for example, it saves people from infections. The opportunities to treat diseases make it hard to say we shouldn’t keep going.A harder question is whether it is ever right to edit human germ-line (种系) cells and make changes that are passed on to children. This is banned in 40 countries and restricted in many others. However, CRISPR means that if genes can be edited out, they can also be edited back in. It may be up to us as a society to decide when and where editing the genome is wrong.Also, according to The Economist, gene editing may mean that parents make choices that are not obviously in the best interests of their children: “Deaf parents may pr efer their children to be deaf too; parents might want to make their children more intelligent at all costs.”In the end, more research is still needed to see what we can and can’t do with CRISPR. “It’s still a huge mystery how we work,” Craig Mello, a UMass Medical School biologist and Nobel Prize winner, told The Boston Globe. “We’re just trying to figure out this amazingly complicated thing we call life.”61. What is the article mainly about?A. How CRISPR was developed by scientists.B. What we can and can’t do with CRISPR.C. Chinese scientists’ experiment of using CRISPR to edit human embryos.D. The advantages of CRISPR and arguments about its ethics.62. According to the article, the technology of CRISPR ________.A. is very safe because it only cuts the DNA it is looking forB. is banned in 42 countries and restricted in many othersC. could cause parents to make unwise choices for their childrenD. could help us discover the link between DNA and the qualities it gives people63. It can be concluded from the article that CRISPR ________.A. could be helpful in the treatment of cancer and HIVB. allows scientists to edit genomes for the first timeC. is a technology that uses an enzyme to work on RNA and DNAD. has proven to be the most effective way to protect children against diseases64. What is the author’s attitude toward CRISPR?A. Supportive.B. Worried.C. Negative.D. Objective.DMy mother believed you could be anything you wanted to be in America. America was where all my mother’s hopes lay. She had come here in 1949 after losing everything in China. But she never looked back with regret. There were so many ways for things to get better.“Of course you can be a prodigy, too,” my mother told me when I was nine. “You can be best at anything.” We didn’t immediately pick the right kind of prodigy. At first my mother thought I could be a Chinese Shirley Temple. We’d watch Shirley’s old movies on TV as though they were training films. My mother would poke my arm and s ay, “Ni kan”— You watch. And I would see Shirley tapping her feet, or singing a sailor song, or pursing her lips into a very round O while saying, “Oh my goodness.”Soon after my mother got this idea about Shirley Temple, she took me to a beauty training school and put me in the hands of a student who could barely hold the scissors without shaking. Instead of getting big fat curls, I emerged with an uneven mass of crinkly black fuzz. My mother dragged me off to the bathroom and tried to wet down my hair.“You look like Negro Chinese,” she lamented, as if I had done this on purpose.In fact, in the beginning, I was just as excited as my mother, maybe even more so. I pictured this prodigy part of me as many different images, trying each one on for size. I was a dainty ballerina girl standing by the curtains, waiting to hear the right music that would send me floating on my tiptoes. I was Cinderella stepping from her pumpkin carriage with sparkly cartoon music filling the air.In all of my imaginings, I was filled with a sense that I would soon become perfect. My mother and father would adore me. I would be beyond reproach. I would never feel the need to sulk for anything.But sometimes the prodigy in me became impatient. “If you don’t hurry up and get me out of here, I’m disappearing for good,” it warned. “And then you’ll always be nothing.”Every night after dinner, my mother and I would sit at the Formica kitchen table. She would present new tests, taking her examples from stories of amazing children she had read and a dozen other magazines she kept in a pile in our bathroom. My mother got these magazines from people whose houses she cleaned. She would look through them all, searching for stories about remarkable children.The first night she brought out a story about a three-year-old boy who knew the capitals of all the states and even most of the European countries. A teacher was quoted as saying the little boy could also pronounce the names of the foreign cities correctly.“What’s the capital of Finland?” my mother asked me, looking at the magazine story.All I knew was the capital of California, because Sacramento was the name of the street we lived on in Chinatown. “Nairobi!” I guessed, saying the most foreign word I could think of. She checked to see if that was possibly one way to pronounce “Helsinki” before showing me the answer.The tests got harder—multiplying numbers in my head, finding the queen of hearts in a deck of cards, trying to stand on my head without using my hands, predicting the daily temperatures in Los Angeles, New York, and London.And after seeing my mother’s disappointed face once again, something inside of me began to die. I hated the tests, the raised hopes and failed expectations. Before going to bed that night, I looked in the mirror and when I saw only my face staring back—and that it would always be this ordinary face—I began to cry. Such a sad, ugly girl! I made high pitched noises like a crazed animal, trying to scratch out the face in the mirror.And then I saw what seemed to be the prodigy side of me—because I had never seen that facebefore. I looked at my reflection, blinking so I could see more clearly. The girl staring back at me was angry, powerful. This girl and I were the same. I had new thoughts, willful thoughts, or rather thoughts filled with lots of won’ts. I won’t let her change me, I promised myself. I won’t be what I’m not.65. The underlined word “prodigy” in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ________.A. talentB. professorC. leaderD. superstar66. Why did the mother and the girl watch Shirley’s old movies on TV?A. Because the mother was a fan of Shirley Temple.B. Because Shirley Temple’s hairstyle was very popular among children.C. Because the girl resembled Shirley Temple in appearance.D. Because the mother wanted her daughter to be a Chinese Shirley Temple.67. How did the girl feel about the tests she did every night?A. She felt confident and finished it smoothly.B. She got through the tests painfully.C. She failed the tests and began to lose confidence.D. She eventually sadly found herself ordinary and ugly.68. What does the underlined sentence in the passage mean?A. The mother was not sure about the answer and wanted to confirm it.B. The mother expected her daughter to know the right answer.C. The answers were more than one and the mother checked them.D. The mother was disappointed and gave up her daughter.69. What might happen after the last paragraph?A. The girl might try her best to become famous and successful.B. The girl might do what she really likes.C. The girl might do whatever her mother asks and becomes a different image.D. The mother might change her attitude and listen to her daughter’s words.70. Which of the following can be the best title of the text?A. Being Myself or NotB. Educational FailureC. Difficult American ChildhoodD. Mother’s Expe rience第四节：任务型阅读(共10 小题; 每小题1 分, 满分10 分)The benefits of being an independent business are truly great. Beyond the rewarding nature of owning something truly unique, small businesses have the edge over their big business counterparts in many areas. Consider the importance of being independent and how that independence can help drive your business.To some, having fewer customers simply means less cash flow; however, having a smaller base also allows you to focus more on customer satisfaction.Companies are always searching for ways to improve customer service and have more of their business. Whether through paying special attention to who comes through your door or monitoring your customers through the social network, it’s less of trouble to make sure your customers’ needs are being met when there’s a smaller sample to deal with. In addition, it becomes much easier to create a personal connection with buyers when you have enough time and attention to show them some love.Small businesses have an inherent advantage over their big box competitors in the sense that they can offer something different. People want to see the independent businesses that offer unique products and flavor to their communities. Your business can be the difference when it comes to what customers want.Of course, big box companies will almost always beat you down when it comes to price. Consider, however, that if you can offer a truly unique product or experience, price becomes much less of an issue.People like the idea of supporting local independent businesses versus “the big guys”. So, what businesses are booming due to the rise of independence?Craft Beer(精酿啤酒) ---- The craft beer movement in the United States is supported sowidely that big breweries have taken to creating their own competing “craft beer” brands in an attempt to follow the trend. While A nheuser Busch represents nearly half of America’s breweries, craft beer has seen a huge jump in sales in recent years.Video Games ---- Whether through PCs, traditional consoles or mobile games, independent developers are supported by enthusiastic fans and micro-transactions in an industry that was formerly dominated by bigger developers.Musicians ---- The modern web offers immense opportunities to musicians, resulting in more economic and artistic freedom. A surprising number of mainstream artists have seen great success from their independent releases, such as Macklemore’s The Heist,which has sold over one million copies in the United States alone.Some small businesses don’t want to be small businesses forever. Regardless, consider what independence does for you and your company. If you offer something out of the ordinary, you can build an audience that respects your individuality and supports your cause.第五部分书面表达（满分25分）请阅读下面短文，并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。