基英翻译整合
基英Unit 1.4.9短语翻译
Unit 1Into English1.给这个词下定义to define the word2.反感这种对待to resent the treatment3.使学生沮丧to frustrate the students4.宣战to declare the war5.对结果做出评估to evaluate the result6.履行义务to perform the obligation7.缩小差距to narrow the gap8.扩大业务to expand the business9.陈述事实to present the factsInto Chinese1.realize one’s strengths and weaknesses认识自己的优缺点2.enter the work world 进入职场3.learn to handle one’s personal finances学会管理个人财务4.have excessive need for parental approval 凡事都要父母认同5.project our future roles as men or women 规划我们未来的社会性别角色6.internalize religious faith, value and morals 逐步培养和建立自己的宗教信仰、道德和价值观念7.learn to choose one’s wardrobe学习穿衣之道8.establish one’s identity确立个人身份9.question and rebel against old ideas 怀疑并反抗旧观念10.defy and challenge authority 反抗权威，挑战权威句子翻译1）.He is so devoted to his research that the idea that he will soon have to retire never occurs to him.2). Many people have observed that, without effective checks, we have a tendency toabuse our power.3). Some countries refuse to get involved in this dispute and they resent any foreigninterference.4). The control of the sand storms involves a tremendous amount of work and money.5). You have to take into consideration the local conditions when you apply thesetechnologies. 6). All applicants will have to fill out this form and mail in an application fee of 50 dollars.7). Based on his careful observation of children’s behavior he came to the conclusionthat learning is a natural pleasure.8). In a country of many nationalities, ethnic harmony requires very careful handling.9). The government is determined to punish all the corrupt officials involved.10). Cheating at exams does not occur very often. But when it does, the school takes avery tough position. 5. Fill in the blanks with the most课后段落翻译We are not unlike a particularly hardy crusacean.The lobster grows by developing and shedding a series of hard, protective shells. Each time it expands from within, the confining shell must be sloughed off. It is left exposed and vulnerable until, in time , a new covering grows to replace the old.我们人类成长的过程与海里的虾蟹颇相似。
大学基英第二单元课后翻译
Parson’s Pleasure
牧师ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้乐趣
1.Apart from the fact that he was at this moment disguised in the uniformof clergyman, there was nothingverysinisteraboutMr.CyrilBoggis. By trade he was a dealer in antique furniture, with his shop and showroom in the King’s Road, Chelsea. His premises were not large, andgenerallyhe didn’t do a great deal ofbusiness, but because he always boughtcheap, veryverycheap, and sold veryverydear, he managed to make quite a tidy little income each year. He was talentedsalesman, and when buying or selling a piecehe could slide smoothly into whichever mood suited the clientbest.He could becomegrave and charmingfor the aged, obsequious for the rich, sober for thegodly, masterfulfor the weak,mischievousfor the wisdom,arch and saucyfor the spinster.He was well aware of his gift, using itshamelesslyon every possible occasion; and often at the end of anunusuallygood performance, it was asmuchas he could do to prevent himself from turning aside and taking a bow or two as the thundering applause of the audience went rolling through the theater.
在线英语学习：汉译英的合并译法
汉译英的合并译法我们在英语翻译过程中会常遇见一些长难句，这个时候就需要一些具体的方法来解决它们。
汉译英时，往往必须先找出主谓框架树起主干，然后将各种关系词、短语（介词短语、名词短语）、附加成分（同位语、插入语）、分词结构、从句（定语从句、状语从句、同位语从句）等添加到主干，使树木枝繁叶茂。
翻译汉语的多个分句时，注意分析各个分句之间的逻辑关系，确定好主从关系，采用恰当的方式进行连接。
如：我们必须抓住新的机遇，迎接新的挑战，采取更加有力的措施，以更为积极地姿态扩大对外开放，力争对外贸易和吸收外资有新的增长。
译：We must seize new opportunities and meet new challenges.We must open ourselves wider to the outside world more actively,and take more effective measures to expand foreign trade and absorb more foreign funds.点评：本句包含5个小分句：我们必须抓住新的机遇（1），迎接新的挑战（2），采取更加有力的措施（3），以更为积极地姿态扩大对外开放（4），力争对外贸易和吸收外资有新的增长（5）。
分析各个分句之间的逻辑关系，可以发现（1）和（2）是并列关系，添加and进行连接，（3）和（4）是并列关系，（5）是其目的，因此，着三个分句连为一体，（3)and(4)to(5)。
当然，这两个部分之间还存在着总和分的关系前两句说得比较笼统，后三句说明了具体的措施和做法，英语句子体现具体信息的部分往往可以利用分词结构表达，所以本句还有一种译法：We must seize new opportunities and meet new challenges，opening ourselves wider to the outside world more actively,and taking more effective measures to expand foreign trade and absorb more foreign funds.以上就是汉译英中合并翻译的具体步骤，希望这种合并翻译方法能够帮助你更好的解决翻译过程中遇到的长难句，翻译出更理想的文章。
基英课后翻译句子(第四册)
1.1 我安排他们在小酒吧见面，但那个小伙子一直都没有来。
（turn up）I had arranged for them to meet each other at the pub but the young man never turned up.1.2 你无法仅凭表象判断形势是否会变得对我们不利。
(tell from appearance)You can’t tell merely from appearance whether things will turn out unfavorable to us or not.1.3 那个士兵每次打仗都冲锋在前，从而赢得了国家最高的荣誉。
(stand in the gap)The soldier, who stood in the gap in every battle, gained the highest honors of the country.1.4 主席讲话很有说服力，委员会其他成员都听从他的意见。
（yield to）The chairman spoke so forcefully that the rest of the committee yielded to his opinion.1.5 他们现在生活富裕了，但也曾经历坎坷。
（ups and downs）They are well-to-do now, but along the way they had their ups and downs.1.6 这次演讲我将说明两个问题。
（address oneself to）There are two questions to which I will address myself in his lecture.1.7 我们正筹划为你举办一次盛大的圣诞聚会。
（in somebody’s honour）We are planning a big Christmas party in your honour.1.8 听到那个曲子，我回想起了儿童时代。
基英1-U6 Only Child
answer
No (para.7)
Reasons (para.5)
Writing Techniques
• 1. Topic sentences • Try to identify the topic sentences of para 3,4,6 and 7.
• 2. Coherence（连贯） • Some words used at the beginning of a paragraph make
spoiled than one with siblings. (Paragraph 3):
• spoil:
• make sb., esp.a child, selfish from having too much
attention or prais
e
• Paraphrase:
• Another reason some people usually hold against having only one-child is that an only child is more likely to be given too much love and care than one that has brothers and/or sisters.
Para 1
• 1) What is the dilemma that many couples are faced with?
• The dilemma that many couples are confronted with is whether or not they should have a second child.
Quotation
• Children today are tyrants. They contradict their parent, gobble their food, and tyrannize their teachers.
基英-uint 2 ownership 知识汇总
文档包括本单元需掌握的重、难点；听力文本补充词语（warm-up）文中词语释义Reading I 译文练习答案：句子翻译参考答案望同学们多复习，多看看！1. Cognitive Information（认知信息): Business Ownership2. Language Focus（内容重点)—Key Words: proprietorship, corporation, debt, legal, formality, specify, dissolve, withdrawal, dividend, conglomerate, assets, utility— Phrases: start with，close down，run out of, consist of, in most cases, be liable for, account for, be subject to, have advantages over, go into debt, no more than, in the extent of3. Communicative Skills（交际技能)—Expressions: Expressions of ―Asking or Offering favors‖Lead- in (listening exercises) 听力文本Passage Script 1There are basically three types or forms of business ownership structures for new small businesses:Sole proprietorship is a business owner and operated by a single individual – and the most common form of business structure in the US, accounting for 74% of all US businesses and 6% of all sales in the US. The advantages with a sole proprietorship include ease and low cost of formation- simply announcing you are in business and requesting any licenses and permits you may need; use of profits—since all profits from the business belong exclusively to you, the owner; flexibility and control—you make all the decisions and direct the entire business operations; very little government regulations; secrecy; and ease of ending the business. There are disadvantages, however, including unlimited liability——all business debts are personal debts, meaning you could lose everything you own if the business fails or loses a major lawsuit; limited sources of financing ---- based on your creditworthiness; limited skills ---- the sole proprietor really must be a ―jack-of-all-trades‖, part manager, marketer, accountant, etc.; and limited lifespan---the business ends when the owner dies.Passage Script 2Partnership is a business that is owned and operated by tow or more people---and the least used form of business organization in the US, accounting for 8% of all US businesses and 4% of all sales in the US. There are two basic forms of partnership: general and limited. In a general partnership, all partners have unlimited liability, while in a limited partnership, at least one partner has liability limited only to his orher investment while at least one other partner has full liability. The advantages of a partnership include ease of organization---simply creating the Articles of Partnership; combined knowledge and skills---using the strengths of each partner for better business decision---making; greater availability of financing; and very little government regulations. There are disadvantages, however, including unlimited liability---- all business debts are personal debts; reconciling partner disagreements and action---each partner is responsible for the actions of all the others; sharing of profits---- all money earned has to be shared and distributed to the partners per the Articles of Partnership; and limited lifespan ----- the partnership ends when a partner dies or withdraws.Warm-up古玩珠宝店antiques and jewelry shop香烟店（摊）cigarette shop (stall)售报亭newspaper and magazine stand 茶馆tea house理发店barber's shop (hairdresser's) 洗澡堂bath house旅店/旅馆inn/ hotel 邮局post office文具店stationer's (stationery shop)日用杂货店daily-use sundry goods shop炊事用具商店cooking utensils shop家用器具商店household utensils shop五金商店metal products shop 家具店furniture shop眼镜店eyeglasses store 玻璃礼品店glass gifts store食品杂货（副食品）店grocery 酱园sauce and pickles shop肉店meat (butcher's) shop 酒店wine shop水产店aquatic products shop 家禽店fowl shop豆腐店beancurd shop 烤肉店roast meat shop卤味店sauced meat shop 饮食店food and drink shop1.OwnershipOwnership is the state or fact of exclusive possession or control of something, which may be an object or some kind of property. Ownership is self-propagating: If an object is owned by someone, any additional goods produced by using that object will also be owned by the same person. Thus, the more a person can own or acquire through money, the more he or she will generate other things to be owned by him or her. Ownership is central to and facilitates the development of social systems.Ownership existing in China: state-owned, private ownership, public ownership, individual ownership, collective ownership, joint venture, foreign enterprise…Key words and phrases1. proprietorship n. 所有权proprietor／proprietress: n. 所有人; 业主; 老板newspaper proprietors 报纸的老板们e.g. I’ve written a complaint to the proprietor of the hotel.2. corporation n. (有限)公司; 法人; 社团e.g. Mary works for a large American corporation.a multinational corporation 跨国公司the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC)英国广播公司corporate1) a. 团体的; 全体的e.g. corporate responsibility 集体责任2) a. 公司的; 法人的e.g. corporate image 法人形象corporate culture 公司文化3. debt n. 债, 债务, 负债的情况; 还债的义务, 恩情e.g. a debt of 100 yuanpay one’s debt 还债We owe you a debt of gratitude for your help.承蒙帮助，不胜感激。
英汉翻译之合译法
广告文案类文本合译分析
总结词
广告文案类文本的合译需要保持原文的创意和风格，同时符合目标市场的文化和语言习 惯。
详细描述
广告文案类文本的合译需要充分理解原文的创意和意图，尽可能地保持原文的修辞和表 达方式。同时，需要考虑目标市场的文化和语言习惯，对译文进行适当的调整和改写， 以更好地吸引和打动目标受众。在处理广告语言时，需要注意语言的生动、形象和感染
05 合译法的注意事项
尊重原文意义
准确理解原文
在翻译过程中，首先要准确理解原文的含义，包括词汇、语法和语境，确保译文 能够准确地传达原文的意义。
避免随意改动
在合译法中，要避免对原文进行随意改动或删减，确保译文的完整性和准确性。
符合目标语言习惯
符合汉语表达习惯
在翻译过程中，要考虑到汉语的表达习 惯，将英文的句子结构和词汇选择进行 适当的调整，使其更加符合汉语的表达 方式。
合译法的应用场景
总结词
合译法适用于翻译科技、法律、医学等专业领域的英文文本。
详细描述
在科技、法律、医学等专业领域，英语表达往往具有专业性和严谨性，而汉语表达则注重简洁和准确。因此，在 这些领域的英汉翻译中，合译法被广泛应用。通过将多个英语单词合并翻译成单个汉语词汇，可以更好地保留原 文的含义和风格，同时提高翻译的准确性和可读性。
英汉翻译之合译法
contents
目录
• 合译法概述 • 合译法的分类 • 合译法的技巧 • 合译法的实践案例分析 • 合译法的注意事项
01 合译法概述
合译法的定义
总结词
合译法是一种将两个或多个英语单词合并翻译成单个汉语词汇的翻译方法。
详细描述
合译法是指在进行英汉翻译时，将两个或多个英语单词合并翻译成单个汉语词 汇的方法。这种方法旨在提高翻译的准确性和流畅性，同时减少冗余和歧义。
基英-翻译-期末
基英-翻译-期末Unit One1.通过很多热心人士的努力，庆祝仪式的资金准备就绪了。
（in place）Money is in place for the ceremony through many warm-hearted people’s efforts.2.因为你很可靠，所以我愿意向你诉说心里话。
(pour out one’s heart)I am willing to pour out my heart to you because you are reliable.3.虽然汤姆上个月才大学毕业，但是他工作起来和熟练工人一样好。
(as well as) Although Tom graduated from college a month ago, he worked as well as a skilled worker.4.我们向人们介绍可持续发展如何与我们的日常生活紧密相连，而且希望这个概念能够深入人心。
(take root in)We explain to people how “sustainable development” is closely linked with our everyday life and hope that this concept can take root in our community.5. 在战争爆发两年之后，这两个兄弟把他们的感受毫无拘束地说了出来。
(open up)The two brothers opened up about their feelings two years after war broke out.1.Nevertheless, friendship is an essential ingredient in the making of a healthy, rewarding life.然而，友谊是拥有健康而有意义的人生所必需的组成部分。
基英近义词
基英近义词基英近义词、形近词1) Object objectiveObject: a thing that can be seen and touched, but is not alive 物体；物品；东西Eg: everyday/household objects 日常／家庭用品Objective: something that you are trying to achieve目标；目的Eg: the main objective2) Acquire inquire requireAcquire:①to gain sth by your own efforts, ability or behavior (通过努力、能力、行为表现) 获得、得到Eg: She has acquired a good knowledge of English.②to obtain sth by buying or being given it 购得；获得；得到Eg: The company has just acquired new premises.Inquire: to ask sb for some information 询问；打听Eg: I called the station to inquire about train times.Require:①to need sth to depend on sth／sb 需要；依靠；依赖Eg: These pets require a lot of care and attention.②re quire sth (of sb ) to make sb do or have sth especially because it is necessary according to a particular law or set of rules 使做某事；使拥有某物；（指根据法规）规定Eg: The wearing of seat belts is required by law.3) Believe entrust trustBelieve：相信，认为真实；认定，看作；（把某事）当真，认为有可能believe in somebody、something believe something of somebodyEntrust：委托，交托，托付Trust：相信，信任，信赖（某人的善良，真诚等）trust insomebody、something 相信，信任，信赖trust to sth 依靠，依赖（运气、机会等）4) Pay place repay replacePay：付费，付酬，交纳，偿还，付代价，遭受惩罚Place：（小心或有意）放置，安放Repay：①归还，偿还，清偿（债务，贷款）②酬报，报答③值得Replace：①代替，取代②（用…）替换，（以…）接替（位置）③更换，更新④把…放回原处5) Anxious eager(ly)Anxious：焦虑，忧虑，担心，害怕，令人焦虑的，渴望；非常渴望be anxious to do sth ,be anxious for sb to do sth ,be anxious for sth be anxious thatEager(ly)：渴望的，热切的，渴求的be eager for sth ;be eager to do sth6) Laugh mock ridicule teaseLaugh: 嘲笑，讥笑，取笑laugh at sb,sthMock：嘲笑；（尤指模仿）嘲弄Ridicule：嘲笑，奚落，讥笑to make sb \sth look silly by laughing at them or it in an unkind wayTease:①laugh at sb and make jokes about them either in a friendly way or in order to annoy or embarrass them 取笑，戏弄，揶揄，寻开心②to annoy an animal, especially by touching it , pulling its tail etc. 招惹，逗弄（动物）7) Worth worthy worthwhileWorthworthyworthwhile8) Person personal personality personnelPersonpersonalpersonalitypersonnel9) Particular special specific Particularspecialspecific10) Climb crawl creep Climbcrawlcreep11) Tone tuneTonetune12) Expand extend Expandextend13) Doubt suspectDoubtsuspect14) Excitable excited exciting Excitableexcitedexciting15) Accuse chargeAccusecharge16) Acknowledge admit Acknowledgeadmit17) Incredible incredulousIncredibleincredulous18) Announce declare Announce19) Arrest capture catchArrestcapturecatch20) Annoy bother disturb trouble Annoybotherdisturbtrouble21) Companion company Companioncompany22) Hideous tediousHideoustedious23) So suchSosuch24) Pace rate speedPaceratespeed25) Affair matterAffairmatter26) Bare blank empty hollow vacantBareblankemptyhollowvacant27) Charge convertChargeconvert28) Chuckle grin guffaw laugh smile titter Chuckle gringuffawlaughsmiletitter29) Change exchangeChange30) Beside besides except Besidebesidesexcept31) Be used to used toBe used toused to32) Shake shiver tremble Shakeshivertremble33) Related relevantRelatedrelevant34) Likely possibleLikely35) Conserve preserve reserve Conserve preservereserve36) Except except forExceptexcept for37) Human humaneHumanhumane38) Remain stayRemainstay39) Successful successive Successful successive40) Responsible responsive Responsible responsive41) Path road route way Pathroadrouteway42) Say speak talk tellSaytalktell43) Fairly ratherFairlyrather44) Problem questionProblem45) Terrible terrificTerribleterrific46) Ashamed shamefulAshamedshameful47) Anybody anyone everyone everyone nobody no one somebody someoneAnybodyanyoneeveryoneeveryonenobodyno onesomebodysomeone48) Anything everything nothing somethingAnythingeverythingnothingsomething49) something living live (adj. adv.)somethinglivinglive (adj. adv.)50) Able capableAblecapable51) Check examine inspectCheckexamineinspect52) Journey tour trip voyageJourneytourvoyage53) Think about think of think overThink aboutthink ofthink over54) Insist persistInsistpersist55) Job workJobwork56) Satisfied satisfactorySatisfiedsatisfactory57) Difference distinctionDifferencedistinction58) Agree on agree to agree withAgree onagree toagree with59) Bring about bring down bring in bring up Bring about bring downbring inbring up60) Give back give in give off give out give up Give back give ingive offgive outgive up61) Earth land soilEarthlandsoil62) Get rid of move removeGet rid ofmoveremove63) Learn studyLearnstudy64) Break into break out break out ofBreak intobreak outbreak out of65) Carry away carry on carry outCarry awaycarry oncarry out66) Cut down cut in cut off cut out cut throughCut downcut incut offcut outcut through67) Accept receiveAcceptreceive68) Affect effect influenceAffecteffectinfluence69) examine eye Gaze glance glare inspect peer scan squint stare studyexamineeyeGazeglanceglareinspectpeerscansquintstarestudy70) Turn twistTurntwist71) Aching hurt painfulAchinghurtpainful72) Hanged hungHanged73) Awake wake wakenAwakewakewaken74) Lie layLielay75) Above overAboveover76) Forest jungle woodForestjunglewood77) vast large enormous immense hugevastlargeenormousimmensehuge78) special odder particular monstrous bizarre peculiar specialodderparticularmonstrousbizarrepeculiar79) eccentricity specialty feature characteristics eccentricityspecialtycharacteristics80) continuously continually consistently constantly continuouslycontinuallyconsistentlyconstantly81) survive on sth feed on sth depend on sth subsist on sth survive on sthfeed on sthdepend on sthsubsist on sth82) nutrition nourishment nourishing nutrients Nutrition: 营养不可数Nourishment：食物不可数Nourishing：有营养的Nutrients：（营养的，滋养的）物质名词或形容词83)a variety of a lot of a number ofa variety of：多种多样的，强调种类多，有变化a lot of：仅强调数量多a number of：仅强调数量多84)therefore so hence thusTherefore 因此、所以，相当于for that reason和consequently 常用于连接两个并列分句，其前加and 或分号，通常引出一个推断出的必然结论。
基英
基英一、单词1.backdrop背景2.barbecue烧烤3.bonnet阀门4.cliche陈词滥调5.confront面对6.enlightenment启迪7.expatriate移居国外8.fleeciness蓬松的9.goggle-eyed突眼的10.heritage遗产11.immersed浸入的12.jarring不和谐的cuna空隙unch发射15.make-believe伪装16.peer凝视17.personify赋予……人性18.prompt敏捷的19.purse手提袋20.reenactment再制定再扮演21.regulation管理规则22.resonate共鸣共振23.riposte还击24.sinister阴险的，凶险的25.skirmish小争论，小冲突26.suppress抑制27.swell膨胀28.twinge阵痛，悔恨29.unease不安，不舒服30.agnoy苦恼31.arrogance自大32.benefactor救助者33.burlesque可笑的34.callous无情的35.caricature漫画promise妥协37.conceit幻想38.conceive构思39.conversationalist健谈的人40.delusion迷惑41.demon恶魔42.downright明显的43.exhausting使精疲力尽44.gloom忧郁，阴暗45.grandeur壮丽，宏伟46.groveling卑微的47.harangue高谈阔论48.idiotic白痴的49.infidelity无信仰50.libretto剧本51.loftily高尚的52.mania狂热53.mistress情妇，女主人54.nerve神经55.pamphlet小册子56.procession队伍57.rajah首长58.rave咆哮59.recipient容器，接受者60.shudder发抖61.stupendous惊人的62.suicidal自杀的63.testimony证词64.tiresome烦人的65.torment折磨66.undersized较一般为小的67.unscrupulous肆无忌惮的68.vegetarianism69.volubility流利健谈的70.accomplice同谋71.acknowledge承认，答谢72.assemble集合73.athwart相反74.awkwardly笨拙地75.bonsai盆栽76.cache躲藏77.close-cropped剪短，短发的78.deceased已故的79.dignified庄严的80.disinfectant消毒的81.dome圆屋顶82.facsimile传真83.forceps钳子84.furtive鬼鬼祟祟的85.heft举起，重要性86.inert迟缓的，呆滞的87.kickshaw华而不实的玩物88.oatmeal燕麦片89.probe探针，调查90.prune减少91.repose休息92.scab结疤93.scramble攀登94.shard陶瓷碎片95.snowbound被雪困住96.stance立场97.stump树枝分叉98.tan晒成棕褐色99.vile卑鄙的100.scrambled egg炒蛋101.abundant丰富的102.cadence节奏，韵律103.catfish鲶鱼104.critique批评105.daze使茫然106.dubious可疑的107.grit研磨108.humiliate羞辱109.kinship亲属关系110.maneuver演习111.mentor指导者112.nondenominational与宗教无关113.oratorical演说的114.pound重击声115.prodigious惊人的116.resurrect复活复兴117.retreat撤退118.savor尽情享受119.sermon布道，训诫120.smirk假笑，傻笑121.snicker偷笑，假笑122.stutter口吃123.traumatic外伤的124.trilogy三部曲125.tutelage监护，指导126.vent发泄127.vibrant震动的128.wry歪斜的129.accustomed习惯的130.amazing令人惊讶的131.Americanphile132.Americaphobe133.antagonism对抗134.bid投标135.bilingualism能用两种语言的136.celebrity名声，人名137.cellar地下室138.confer授予139.conundrum难题，谜语140.cosmopolitan世界性的141.defy对抗142.detectably可检测的143.distribute分开144.ethnologist民族学者145.exempt免除146.feature特色147.icon图标，偶像148.indigenous本土的149.indispensable不可缺少的150.monocular单眼的151.nemesis报应152.notoriety恶名153.omnipresent无所不在的154.portal大门155.resentment愤恨怨恨156.resort凭借，手段157.routine例行公事158.semiculture159.swoosh160.Tungusian通古斯满族语。
翻译硕士备考资料推荐
翻译硕士备考资料推荐考研复习要注重我们对资料的选择，这样我们的学习知识才能够得以丰富，为了能够帮助大家进行翻译硕士的复习和备考工作，下面为大家讲解一下翻译硕士备考推荐资料，希望对大家有帮助。
(一)基英：选择题没有对应的教材，都是特别细的知识点，靠平时积累。
改错可以用专八做练习，词汇个人觉得专八词汇差不多够用了。
阅读和写作可以参考GRE，当然没有那么难，但是总比用简单的准备更好。
可稍稍作参考的是《基础英语满分突破》(因为里面的题目有一定的年头了)。
(二)翻译：孙瑞禾，高级英文理解与表达教程;杨岂深、杨自伍，英美名篇选;叶子南，高级英汉翻译理论与实践;张培基，英译中国现代散文选;庄绎传，英汉翻译简明教程;散文佳作108篇《经济学人》，New York Times，News Weekly，etc. (有相关的手机软件)《中国翻译》《上海翻译》的文章;韩素英翻译大赛的试题;译言网;中国日报网英语点津;等等……(三)汉语百科刘宓庆：《中西翻译思想比较研究》，中国对外翻译出版公司，2005年。
思果：《翻译研究》，中国对外翻译出版公司，2001年。
余秋雨：《问学·余秋雨：与北大学生谈中国文化》，陕西师范大学出版社，2009年。
期刊：《中国翻译》，范围包括2012年全年各期。
(摘自北大MTI 公告栏)方梦之《译学词典》。
陈福康《中国翻译理论史稿》。
等等……(排名不分先后。
多去学校的图书馆转转，总会有惊喜。
)翻译硕士备考推荐资料为大家带来过了，翻译硕士的考试科目众多，希望我们能够好好地学习这些知识，相信对我们取得好的成绩有帮助。
凯程教育：凯程考研成立于2005年，国内首家全日制集训机构考研，一直从事高端全日制辅导，由李海洋教授、张鑫教授、卢营教授、王洋教授、杨武金教授、张释然教授、索玉柱教授、方浩教授等一批高级考研教研队伍组成，为学员全程高质量授课、答疑、测试、督导、报考指导、方法指导、联系导师、复试等全方位的考研服务。
大学基英文化透视翻译部分参考答案_book_1_
Unit 1Translation from Chinese into English:1. He is no more than 10 years old, but he is already difficult to deal with.2. Jack has been working hard to get ahead, but he does not know how to connect with his colleagues/fellow workers.3. None of the children wants /want to play with her. So the minute she has a problem, she will call for her teacher.4. Tom can work ten to twelve hours a day, six days a week, and he never refuses overtime. Well, how shall I put it? He is what people call a workaholic.Translation from English into Chinese:Passage 3:这些神情茫然、眼含怨恨、性情易怒的孩子，有谁曾经和自己的父亲进行过知心的交流，又有谁了解父亲在他那不为人知的世界里做了些什么，更别提去仰慕他们了。
在他们眼里，父亲只意味着给、或者不给家里寄来支票。
父亲总是出门在外，即便在家也不受欢迎。
父亲在家时，不是大声吼叫地训斥人，就是令人窒息地不言一语。
埋在报纸后面沉默无语的父亲形像已深深扎根在每位有血性的美国男孩心中。
Passage 9:他想要一种只有在耗时耗日的日常生活琐事中才能建立起来的亲密关系。
在这些琐事中，他学到人们所宣称的直觉，即第六感，它会告诉你这个孩子在担忧，那个孩子在伤心；他会让你明白孩子因疲劳而哭泣和因饥饿或伤痛而哭泣之间的差异。
基英3翻译
1. 他们都认为他成功的可能性很小.They all think that he had a slim chance of success.They all think that his chance of success is slim.They all believed that he had little chance of success.2胃是人体至关重要的器官, 请善待之.The stomach is a vital organ of the human body, please take good care of it.3. 她的研究涉及到多种语言和文化, 富有挑战性.Her study, which covers/ranged over many languages and cultures, was full of challenge.Her study, covering/ranging over many languages and cultures, was rather challenging.4. 我倒不在乎偶尔加班加点，我在乎的是你任意取消我的节假日。
I d on’t mind so much about working overtime occasionally, but about you calling off my holidays without a good reason.5. 请注意，每位学生都应该遵守课堂纪律，你也不例外。
Please note that every student should abide by the classroom discipline, and you are no exception.6.按新规定，一支足球队可以拥有24名球员，换言之，24名球员可以组成一支足球队。
According to the new rule, a football team may consist of 24 players. In other words, 24 football players may make up a football team.7. 想必你弄错了，期中考试的日期不是下周五，而是下周三。
中国人民大学815英语语言文学文化考研专业课真题复习笔记学习建议
中国人民大学815英语语言文学文化考研专业课真题复习笔记学习建议中国人民大学英语语言文学文化（科目代码：815）研究方向：英美文学及文论研究、英语国家文化研究、普通语言学及应用语言学研究、翻译学研究。
诺登学习网作为一家专业的研究生考试学习网站，给出一些专业的学习建议，以帮助考生顺利上岸。
该专业适用于中国人民大学以下学院：外国语学院2023年中国人民大学外国语学院《815英语语言文学文化》考研全套（会员免费）1．考研真题中国人民大学外国语学院《815英语语言文学文化》历年考研真题汇总（含部分答案）全国名校英语语言学考研真题详解全国名校英美文学考研真题详解2．英美文学吴伟仁《美国文学史及选读》（重排版）笔记和考研真题详解吴伟仁《美国文学史及选读》（重排版）配套题库【考研真题精选＋章节题库】吴伟仁《英国文学史及选读》（重排版）笔记和考研真题详解吴伟仁《英国文学史及选读》（重排版）配套题库【考研真题精选＋章节题库】罗经国《新编英国文学选读》（第4版）笔记和考研真题详解罗经国《新编英国文学选读》（第4版）配套题库【考研真题精选＋章节题库】3．英美文化朱永涛《英美文化基础教程》笔记和课后习题详解朱永涛《英美文化基础教程》配套题库（含考研真题）王佐良《欧洲文化入门》笔记和课后习题详解王佐良《欧洲文化入门》配套题库（含考研真题）朱永涛《英语国家社会与文化入门》（第4版）笔记和考研真题详解朱永涛《英语国家社会与文化入门》（第4版）配套题库（含考研真题）4.英语语言学胡壮麟《语言学教程》（第5版）笔记和考研真题详解胡壮麟《语言学教程》（第5版）配套题库【考研真题精选＋章节题库】注意要点:（1）翻译，专业课里的翻译和基英里面的翻译一起练，（2）文学，听了一些文学有声书，比如莎士比亚的戏剧、哈代的小说等等。
再去看其他的做补充，进一步完善笔记。
最后专门准备论述题，冲刺背诵。
先看英国文学，看完之后，熟悉了很多遍之后，再去看其他的补充。
基英翻译答案
I. Translate the following sentences into Chinese. P141.But we must learn to be equally good at what is short and sharp and what is long and tough.- 但们必须学会同样善于应付短暂而干脆与漫长而艰难的局面2.It is generally said that the British are better at the last.- 人们普遍认为英国人最终总是会胜出的3. Britain, other nations thought, had drawn a sponge across the slate.-- 其他国家认为英国输得一无所有了。
4. We stood all alone a year ago, and to many countries it seemed that our account was closed.一年前，我们孤军作战，许多国家都以为我们被彻底打败了。
II. Translate the following sentences into English, using the phrases given in brackets. ---p141. 我安排他们在小酒吧见面，但那个小伙子一直都没有来。
(turn up)-- I had arranged for them to meet each other at the pub, but the young man never turned up.2. 你无法仅凭表象判断形势是否会变得对我们不利。
(tell from appearances)-- You cannot tell merely from appearances whether things will turn out unfavourable to us or not.3. (stand in the gap)-- The soldier, in every battle, gained the highest honors of the country.4. 主席讲话很有说服力，委员会其他成员都听从他的意见。
基英二词汇翻译quizzes
每课一练：Lesson One Another School Year --- What for?I. Directions: Choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D.1.The meeting was _____ over by the mayor to discuss the tax raise in the city.A. presumedB. propelledC. presidedD. pricked2.Although cats cannot see in complete darkness their eyes are much more ______ to light thanhuman eyes are.A. glowingB. sensitiveC. brilliantD. gloomy3.Every year a number of students graduate from the school which will _____ new students thefirst week in September.A. absorbB. includeC. enrollD. register4.If you want to clarify the fact, you need two witnesses to _____ that is your signature.A. notifyB. certifyC. assureD. assume5.Relying on his ______, the doctor cured the seemingly incurable patient.A. approachB. confidenceC. faithD. expertise6._____ of his pioneering work in the late 1930s, Earl Hines has been called the Father ofmodern jazz piano.A. As a resultB. In supportC. In the interestD. For the sake7. A community is _____ only when the humblest and weakest person can enjoy the highest civil,economic, and social rights that the biggest and powerful possess.A. conflictingB. friendlyC. democraticD. hostile8.He had wanted a 25% raise in pay, but after talking to his boss, he decided that a 5% raisewould have to ______.A. sufficeB. modifyC. gratifyD. delight9.In engineering projects, a laser beam is often used to ____ the hardest substances.A. grindB. penetrateC. concentrateD. melt10.Early explorers were confronted by the ____ tribesmen of the interior.A. profoundB. descriptiveC. prospectiveD. savage11.Dr. Hill has just received an invitation from Washington University to join the ____ as afulltime professor.A. committeeB. associationC. institutionD. faculty12.Snakebites are not ____ fatal, but they can sometimes cause death if not treated immediately.A. occasionallyB. inevitablyC. everD. never13.With data freely ____ for reanalysis, it is of utmost importance to all of us not to be shownwrong by subsequent analysis.A. dreadfulB. handfulC. usefulD. available14.The impact of the earthquake _____ enormous tsunamis that flood coastal regions a thousandor more miles away.A. generatesB. runsC. drawsD. lifts15.His speech rambled for half an hour, but the ____ of what he had said was that too manypeople have too little money.A. materialB. purposeC. essenceD. content16.That was a(n) ___ remark for him to make, and all of us who knew him well didn’t know why.A. easyB. peculiarC. timidD. obscure17.Our knowledge of dinosaurs is wholly ____ from the bones that has been found here and thereburied in the ground.A. acquiredB. retainedC. absorbedD. sought18.Much of northern Canada lies within the Arctic Circle, and ____ ice or the sparse vegetationknown as tundra(冻原).A. it is permanently covered byB. by permanently it is coveredC. is permanently covered by itD. it is covered by permanently19.The chief justice of the United States presides over the Supreme Count during oral argumentsand in conferences _____.A. of which decisions concernB. have important decisionsC. that important decisionsD. concerning important decisions20.Documentary evidence supports claims that _____ the New World in about 1000.A. reached the VikingsB. the Vikings reachedC. reaching the VikingsD. the Vikings that reached21.According to some educators, the goal of teaching is to help students learn what ___ to knowto live a well-adjusted and successful life.A. do they needB. they needC. they are neededD. as they may need22.I wish I hadn’t been so busy yesterday, otherwise I ____ you with the cleaning.A. will have helpedB. should helpC. could have helpedD. could help23.Just as the builder is skilled in handling of his bricks, ____ the experienced writer is skilled inthe handling of his words.A. asB. soC. thusD. like24.Research indicates that some that get ahead usually have __ strong desire to avoid __ failure.A. a…/B. /…aC. the…/D. a…a25.The Internet was first started by the U.S. army ____ a communication system.A. inB. forC. withD. as26.“I’m really tired and there are so many things to do.”“Well, if it would be ___ any help, Iwould do some cooking.”A. inB. ofC. withD. for27.I ____ of going up to Scotland at the end of December, but I’ve only got a few day’s holiday.A. thinkB. have thoughtC. will thinkD. am thinking28.Throw some bits of bread in the pond. Fish ____ and eat it.A. are going to comeB. will comeC. are to comeD. were coming29.To fit in with the development of the market economy, factories should guarantee ___ highspeed ___ good quality.A. either… orB. not…but alsoC. both…andD. neither…nor30.If there ____ peace, we must try in every way to prevent war.A. is to beB. will beC. should beD. is going to beII. Directions: Translate the following sentences into English.1.我们来这儿不是为了闲坐，而是为了帮助你们解决实际问题。
翻译术语理论笔译
A b s o l u t e t r a n s l a t i o n绝对翻译古阿德克G o u a d e cAbstract translation 摘要翻译古阿德克GouadecAbusive translation 滥译路易斯LewisAcceptability 可接受性托利TouryAccuracy 准确Adaptation 改编Adequacy 充分性Adjustment 调整Analogical form 类同形式霍尔姆斯HolmesAnalysis 分析奈达Nida和泰伯TaberApplied translation studies 应用翻译研究霍尔姆斯HolmesArchitranseme ATR 元译素范·路文兹瓦特van Leuven-ZwartAutonomy Spectrum 自立幅度罗斯RoseAutotranslation 自译波波维奇PopovicBack translation 回译Class shift 词类转换韩礼德HallidayClose translation 贴近翻译纽马克NewmarkCommunicative translation 传意翻译；交际翻译纽马克NewmarkCommunity interpreting 社群传译Compensation 补偿赫维HerveyCompetence 能力托利TouryComponential analysis 语义成分分析奈达NidaComprehensive theory 综合理论Conference interpreting 会议传译Consecutive interpreting 接续传译Contextual consistency 语境一致奈达Nida和泰伯TaberConventions 常规诺德NordCorpora 语料库Correspondence 对应Court interpreting 法庭传译Covert translation 隐型翻译豪斯HouseCreative transposition 创造性移位雅可布逊Creative treason 创造性叛逆罗伯特·埃斯卡皮Robert EscarpiDeconstruction 解构主义德里达DerridaDescriptive translation studies 描写性翻译研究霍尔姆斯HolmesDiagrammatic translation 图表翻译古阿德克GouadecDifferance 分延德里达DerridaDocumentary translation 文献型翻译诺德NordDomesticating translation 归化翻译韦努狄VenutiDynamic equivalence 动态对等奈达NidaDynamic fidelity 动态忠信比克曼Beekman与卡洛CallowEffort models 用功模式贾尔GileEquivalence 对等Excluded receiver 非目标接受者皮姆PymExegetic translation 诠释性翻译赫维Hervey和希金斯HigginsExoticism 异国情调赫维Hervey和希金斯HigginsExpectancy norms 期待规范切斯特曼ChestermanExplicitation 明示维纳Vinay和达尔贝勒纳DarbelnetExpressive text 表情型文本赖斯ReissExtraneous form 外来形式霍尔姆斯HolmesFaithfulness 忠实Foreignizing translation 异化翻译韦努狄VenutiFormal corresponding 形式对应卡特福德CatfordFormal equivalence 形式对等奈达NidaFree translation sense-for-sense translation 意对意翻译 {literal translation 字面翻译；word-for-word translation词对词翻译} 自由译Full translation 全文翻译General theories of translation 普通翻译理论霍尔姆斯HolmesGist translation 要旨翻译赫维Hervey和希金斯HigginsGloss translation 释词翻译奈达NidaGrammatical transposition 语法置换赫维Hervey和希金斯HigginsHermeneutic motion 诠释步骤斯坦纳SteinerHierarchy of Correspondences 对应层级霍尔姆斯HolmesHorizontal translation 横向翻译福勒纳FolenaHyperinformation 超额信息赖斯Reiss和弗米尔VermeerIdiomatic translation 地道翻译比克曼Beekman与卡洛CallowImitation 拟译 1.德莱顿Dryden 2.利弗威尔LefevereIndeterminacy 不确定性Information offer 信息提供弗米尔VermeerInformative texts 信息文本赖斯ReissInitial norms 初始规范托利TouryInstrumental translation 工具翻译诺德NordIntegral translation 整合翻译范·路文兹瓦特van Leuven-ZwartInterlineal translation 隔行翻译 {free translation} 赫维Hervey和希金斯Higgins Interlinear translation 逐行翻译Interlingual translation 语际翻译雅可布逊JacobsonIntersemiotic translation 符际翻译雅可布逊JacobsonIntralingual translation 语内翻译雅可布逊JacobsonIntra-system shift 系统内转换卡特福德CatfordInverse translation 逆向翻译Kernel sentence 核心句Keyword translation 关键词翻译古阿德克GouadecLevel shift 层次转换卡特福德CatfordLexical translation 词汇翻译卡特福德CatfordLiaison interpretingBilateral interpreting 双边传译联络传译凯斯KeithLinguistic translation 语言翻译Literal translation 字面翻译；直译Mapping 图谱霍尔姆斯HolmesMatricial norms 矩阵规范托利TouryMeta-language 元语言霍尔姆斯HolmesMetatext 元文本Mimetic form 模仿形式霍尔姆斯HolmesMutation 变异范·路文兹瓦特van Leuven-ZwartNaturalness 自然性Negative shift 负面转换Norms 规范Obligatory equivalents 必要对等语奈达NidaOblique translation 曲径翻译维纳Vinay和达尔贝勒纳DarbelnetOperational model 操作模式巴斯盖特BathgateOperational norms 操作规范托利TouryOptional equivalents 可换对等语奈达NidaOverlapping translation 重合翻译赫维Hervey和希金斯HigginsOvert translation 显型翻译豪斯HouseOvertranslation 超额翻译维纳Vinay和达尔贝勒纳DarbelnetParadigmatic equivalence 范式对等波波维奇PopovicParaphrase 释译德莱顿DrydenPartial theories of translation 局部翻译理论霍尔姆斯HolmesParticipative receiver 参与型接受者皮姆PymParticularizing translation 具体化翻译赫维Hervey和希金斯Higgins Performance 运用托利TouryPhonemic translation 音素翻译利弗威尔LefeverePhonological translation 音位翻译卡特福德CatfordPivot language 中枢语言Polysystem theory 多元文化理论埃文·佐哈尔Even-ZoharPragmatic translationpragmatic approach语用途径语用翻译Preliminary norms 预先规范托利TouryPrescriptive translation studies 规定翻译研究托利TouryPrimary translation 首级翻译迪勒Diller和康纳留斯KorneliusProblem-restricted theories of translation 关于问题的翻译理论霍尔姆斯Holmes Process-oriented translation theories 过程取向翻译研究霍尔姆斯Holmes Product-oriented translation studies 成品取向翻译研究霍尔姆斯Holmes Professional norms 翻译规范切斯特曼ChestermanProspective translation 前瞻式翻译波斯特盖特PostgatePrototext 原型文本波波维奇PopovicPseudotranslation 伪翻译Pure languageLogos 逻各斯纯语言沃尔特·本雅明Walter BenjaminRadical translation 原始翻译奎因QuineRank-bound translation 级阶受限翻译卡特福德CatfordRealia 独有特征弗拉科夫Vlakhov和弗罗林FlorinReceptor language 接受语奈达Nida和泰伯TaberTranslation with reconstruction 重构式翻译古阿德克GouadecRedundancy 冗余奈达NidaRefraction 折射利弗威尔LefevereRegulative translational conventions 规约性翻译常规诺德NordRelay interpreting 转接传译Repertoreme 知识库要素托利TouryResistancy 阻抗韦努狄VenutiRestricted translation 受限翻译卡特福德CatfordRestructuring 重组奈达Nida和泰伯TaberRetrospective translation 后瞻式翻译波斯特盖特PostgateRewriting 重写利弗威尔LefevereRhymed translation 韵体翻译利弗威尔LefevereSecondary translation 二级翻译迪勒Diller和康纳留斯KorneliusSelective translation 选译古阿德克GouadecSemantic disambiguation 语义消歧Semantic translation 语义翻译纽马克NewmarkSerial translation 序列翻译卡塞格兰德CasagrandeService translation Inverse translation 逆向翻译服务型翻译纽马克Newmark Sight translation 视译Signed language translation 手语传译Simultaneous interpreting 同声传译Skopos theory 目的论赖斯Reiss和弗米尔VermeerSource language 源语Source text 源文本Source text-oriented translation studies 源文本取向翻译研究Specification 具体化Structure shift 结构转换卡特福德CatfordStylistic equivalence 文体对等Target language 目标语Term banks 术语库Terminology 术语Text typology 文本类型学Textual equivalence 文本对等卡特福德CatfordTextual norms 文本规范托利TouryThick translation 增量翻译阿皮尔AppiahThink-aloud translation 有声思维记录Third code 第三语码弗劳利FrawleyTime-restricted theories of translation 关于时域的翻译理论霍尔姆斯Holmes Total translation 完全翻译卡特福德CatfordTranscription 注音Transeme 译素范·路文兹瓦特van Leuven-ZwartTransfer 转移Transference 迁移卡特福德CatfordTranslatability 可译性Translationese Third language 第三语言翻译体Translatorial action 译者行动赫尔兹·曼塔里Holz Mnttri Transliteration 音译Transposition 置换维纳Vinay和达尔贝勒纳Darbelnet Unbounded translation 不受限翻译卡特福德Catford Undertranslation 欠额翻译纽马克NewmarkUnit of translation 翻译单位Universals of translation 翻译普遍特征Verbal consistency 词语一致Verifiability 可核实性赖斯Reiss和弗米尔Vermeer Vertical translation 纵向翻译福勒纳Voids 空缺Whispered interpreting 耳语传译Writer-oriented machine translation 作者取向机器翻译。
综合教程4基英翻译4678
Unit 41.他们的牛都打上了字母C的烙印，所以很容易辨认。
（be branded with）Their cattle were branded with the letter “C” so that they could be easily identified.2.本赛季他真正发挥了一个得分手（goal scorer）的作用。
（come into one’s own）In this season he has really come into his own as a goal scorer.3. 一场经济危机正在威胁着那个国家。
（hang over）An economic crisis is hanging over that country.4. 他是真正发号施令的人物，但他总是躲在幕后。
（in the background）He is the man who really gives the order, but he always remains in the background.5.派出信使后，我们所能做的就只有等待了。
（dispatch）After dispatching the messenger, what is left for us to do is nothing but to wait.6.你只要一叫，他马上就到。
（in a flash）You just have to call and he’s here in a flash.7.他们在战争的阴霾下整整生活了17年。
（in the shadow of）They have lived in the shadow of war for totally seventeen years.8.这些是现存的最后7头东北虎，如果人类不加以保护的话，这一种群的老虎将濒临灭亡。
（in existence）These are the last seven Northeast Tigers in existence. If human beings failed to protect them, the tigers of this species would face extinction.Unit61. 大厅里回响着小号独奏的乐曲声。
英语专业考研基英的翻译到底有什么“难”点？
小朋友的翻译能力特别强，TA 的译文比参考答案还会精妙。美中不足的就是字 迹和涂改痕迹。如果涂改太多，或者练习之时出现涂改液涂改带，请主动给自己 扣掉 10%的分数。一个整洁的书写版面会让阅卷人留下好的印象。而且，考研是 不允许用涂改液涂改带的噢！ 这样的给分也许会让各位小朋友更加受挫， 但是作为女人 （当然， 包括男同胞们） ， 就要对自己下手狠一点儿。对自己要求严格，才能在考场中更加自信，面对老师 的评判才能面不改色。 得分难 很多人都认为汉译英难，因为汉语词语那么多，太博大精深，有些词的意思我们 理解不了。然而实际上，我倒觉得英译汉更难，尤其在考场上。汉译英即使想不 到那么高级的词汇，意思基本能够翻译出来就会得到一定分数。然而，英译汉如 果有不会的单词， 同学有可能就把整个句子空下来了。这样的话就会失掉很多分 数。 另外， 字对字的翻译也不会得到太高的分， 顶多也就是百分之六七十的分数。 如果想在翻译中得到高分，平时的练习不可少。 所以说，做翻译也要求一个“稳”字。3 小时的基英考试虽然紧张，但是一旦心 态稳定，做什么题就都不那么难了。翻译稳稳的，高分也就稳稳的啦。
英语专业考研基英的翻译到底有什么“难”点？
筒子们好。时间的指针已经悄悄走到了 4 月，五一即将来临，同学们的考研复习 也在有序进行着， 有的小朋友可能也尝试着做了几套真题卷子，结果做完卷子和 答案一对，简直是惨不忍睹。客观题还稍微好说点儿，主观题的作文和翻译，感 觉和答案就是一个天上，一个地下。有的稍微懒一点的小朋友，做卷子干脆只做 客观题，主观题的翻译和作文一个都不做。问其原因，他们都一致说：太！难！ 了！今天我们就聊聊基础英语的翻译究竟“难”在哪里？ 材料难 基础英语里的翻译篇幅都不长，最多也就两个小段，一共顶多就 10 句话。翻译 材料的内容有小说选段的，也有和科学有关的，还有散文，还有城市介绍。这些 材料总会有一些内容让你绞尽脑汁去翻译。 中山大学的 638 基础英语出过《了不起的盖茨比》选段，如果不了解美国小说语 言特点以及这部小说的时代特点， 试题上的有些内容同学们肯定是处理不好滴~。 综合英语 （此处是国际翻译学院学术硕士的基础英语）分别拿威尼斯和三亚天涯 海角的介绍作为翻译试题。 很多同学对于这两个城市比较熟悉，但是看了威尼斯 的英文介绍，同学估计犯难了，因为从来没看过英文版的城市介绍。至于“天涯 海角”，估计去过海南的小朋友们都特别熟悉，然而很少有人注意这个关键词的 英文翻译。 除此之外，中文的四字格和英文的部分形容词如何做到自如切换也是 个难点。 给分难 一般的学校基础英语由语法、阅读、翻译和作文四大部分构成。同学们自己做练 习对答案或者找人批改自己的翻译感觉给分数比较难。一共最多只有 50 分，随 随便便给个 25 或者 20 肯定打击同学们的信心，给个满分又觉得太不负责任。如 何评判自己的真实水平也成为基础英语翻译的难点。 为了帮助小朋友们解答这个疑问，以及让那些懒懒的小朋友们动笔，编编可以给 一个小小的标准：大部分没有什么原则上大错误且贴合原意的译文，可以赋值 65%~70%， 比如 40 分满的翻译， 可以给自己 26~28 分。 如果有一些比较好的词汇， 可以适当增加 1~2 分。 汉译英部分看看通篇有没有语法错误或者拼写错误，如果 这种细节性错误太多，请主动给自己扣掉 15%的分数。还有一个就是书写。有的
基英2课文翻译
《综合英语教程》第二册课文、扩展阅读课文译文Unit 1T ext响尾蛇伤我们在西波顿种植西瓜和香瓜供应市场。
我家有一块瓜地和花圃在紧靠甘蔗地的谷仓背后。
一天，我从工具棚里拿了把镰刀想去砍个西瓜自己吃。
他们是不许我拿这把刀的，因为它的刀刃比我的胳膊还长。
但它是切西瓜的最好工具。
一刀下去，西瓜就一分为二了。
我正沿着瓜地边走边拍打着想找一个熟瓜，突然感觉脚好像被针一样的东西扎了一下。
我为是踩在一堆蒺藜草上了。
转眼一看，却发现是一条响尾蛇。
我知道响尾蛇在袭击之前都要发出响声以示警告的，而我对那响声的熟悉程度决不亚于我熟悉鹌鹑。
后来我才明白它是没有时间警告，我肯定是一脚踩在它的嘴巴上了。
我边往家飞奔，边大声喊叫，满脑子想的都是自己肯定要死了。
妈妈赶快解下围裙用上面的带子绑在我的膝盖上部。
她扶我到前屋的沙发上躺下，让玛莎照看我。
当时在场的既没有一个男人也没有一匹马。
最近的住宅是豪威尔先生家，但他家没有马。
再远点的是吉姆·安德森家，穿过田地抄近路也有半英里的距离。
妈妈冲向安德森家。
安德森的一个儿子跳上马就直奔城里，在安德森家打工的克拉克的儿子用车把妈妈送回家。
回到家，妈妈发现围裙带已被玛莎解开了，因为我直叫系得太紧。
妈妈给我重新绑上，她用力很猛以致于我失声叫了起来。
然后，妈妈又到门廊朝那条通往城里的路张望。
这条路位于安德森和豪威尔两家领地中间，一直延伸到小山顶端，因此从这里你可以看见所有路过的人或物。
我总是远远就能辨认出我们的马车和汤姆，尤其是爸爸赶车的时候。
这时，如果得到允许，汤姆就会因为急于吃到马槽里的东西而撒腿跑起来，爸爸也总是允许它这么做的。
赫伯·安德森的意见是首先找爸爸，如果他不在就找麦肯斯医生，再不成就找菲尔德或别的医生。
妈妈一边盯着看谁的马先出现，一边不时地进屋安慰我。
终于，妈妈说道：“你爸爸来了。
”（吕睿中译，胡一宁审校）Read more误解这是个古老的故事，的确是要说到1864年的事。
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Unit11.There has been this long lull with nothing particular turning up!Britain has been in too long a period of stillness without taking any particularaction against the enemy.2.We must “… meet with Triumph and Disaster. And treat those two impostors justthe same.’’We are sure to experience both Triumph and Disaster, but must avoid clouding our judgment through exaggerating their importance.3.Never give in except to convictions of honour and good sense.Never give in unless we are convinced that it is honourable and sensible for us to do so.4.Britain, other nations thought, had drawn a sponge across her slate.Other nations thought that Britain was completely conquered.5.We have only to persevere to conquer.We will win as long as we hold on to the end.1. 我把他们安排在小酒吧见面，但那个小伙子一直都没来。
（turn up）I had arranged for them to meet each other at the pub, but the young man never turnedup.2. 你无法仅凭外表判断形势是否会变得对我们不利。
（tell from appearances）You cannot tell merely from appearances whether things will turn out unfavourable to us or not.3. 那个士兵每次打仗都冲锋在前，从而赢得了国家最高荣誉。
（stand in the gap）The soldier, who stood in the gap in every battle, gained the highest honors of the country.4. 主席讲话很有说服力，委员会其他成员都听从他的意见。
（yield to）The chairman spoke so forcefully that the rest of the committee yielded to his opinion.5. 他们现在生活富裕了，但也曾经历坎坷。
（ups and downs）They are well-to-do now, but along the way they had their ups and downs.6. 这次演讲我将说明两个问题。
（address oneself to）There are two questions to which I will address myself in this lecture.7. 我们正筹划为你举办一次盛大的圣诞聚会。
（in sb.’s honour）We are planning a big Christmas party in your honour.8. 听到那个曲子，我回想起了儿童时代。
（throw sb.’s mind back）Hearing that tune threw my mind back to my childhood.Unit 21. The phrase “personal space” has a quaint, seventies ringto it.The phrase “personal space” has odd touch that was characteristic of the 1970s.2. T-shirt weather can make proximity more alluring (or much, much less).I n hot summer days people can be drawn to each other, especially to the opposite sex ( or feel disgusted with the closeness of others. )3. The logistics of it vary according to geography.People in different regions are given different sizes of personal space.4. Individuals routinely commandeer booths and sets of facing seats meant for foursomes.It is quite common that one person occupies a booth and a set of facing seats designed for four people.5. In the same way that the breeze from a butterfly’s wings in Japan may eventually produce a tidal wave in California, I have decided to expand the contracting boundaries of personal space.The author hopes that his own stand against the shrinking of personal space, while small in itself, will nonetheless eventually have a dramatic effect in the same way as the breeze from a butterfly’s wings in Japan, if it i nitiates a chain of waves, may eventually produce a tidal wave in California.I. Translate into English:1. 那只鸽子被卡在树杈里，一会儿就跌落下来。
（wedge）The pigeon was wedged in the fork of a branch and it fell after a while.2. 驾车人该付多少钱需要根据他对别人车子造成损坏的程度而定。
（beproportional to）The payment that the motorist will have to make is proportional to the amount of damage he has done to the other person’s car.3. 你只有伏在地上慢慢爬过一条狭长的地道才能进入山洞。
（inch）You can only enter the cave by inching through a narrow tunnel on your stomach.4. 他一面结结巴巴地为没有敲门就进入我的办公室而道歉，一面羞怯地朝门口走去。
（sidle）She stammered some apology for entering my office withoutknocking as she sidled towards the door.5. 他尽力向我解释说不是因为我工作不好而解雇我，而是因为公司面临着财政困境。
（take pains to）He took pains to explain to me that I was not being dismissed beca use I didn’t do my work well but because the company was confronted by financial troubles.6. 年轻士兵的入伍给军队带来了新的希望并鼓舞了士气。
（infuse… into）The enlistment of young soldiers infused new hope and morale into the army.7. 一旦大一些的男孩子们声称草坪属于他们，小一些的孩子就只好退避三舍。
(stake a claim to)Once the older boys stake a claim to the lawn, the younger ones had to give way to them to avoid conflict.8. 跟在她身后的人让她心神不安，她不由得加快了脚步。
(make sb. uneasy) The man following her made her uneasy and she couldn’t help quickening her steps. Unit 31. Given the relatively few restrictions governing access and usage, it is the communications modal equivalent of international waters.As the Internet can be reached and used with relatively few restrictions, it plays a rolein connecting people globally, which is comparable to traveling through international waterways.2. But much less widely reported has been the notion that the Internet may be responsible for furthering the fragmentation of society by alienating its individual users.A lot of people talk about the "new information age", but not so many people are acquainted with the idea that the Internet separates people from each other and fragments society further as a result.3. It seems to me that we are a society that values immediate gratification above all else, and what better place to achieve it than in cyberspace, where the cyber-world is your cyber-oyster.I think that in our society the top priority is given to the satisfaction of one's immediate needs. The Internet is the best means to achieve this purpose, for on the Internet one can do whatever he likes to.1.无可否认，香烟会使人上瘾。