中石油2016通用英语选读课文
中石油2016通用英语选读课文24The Delights of South Island南岛之乐
24 The Delights<快乐> of South Island 南岛之乐1. One of the odder<奇特的，奇怪的>coincidences<巧合，一致，相合>of physical geography<自然地理> is the fact that there are two double islands, roughly<概略地，粗糙地>the same size, positioned at each other's antipodes<相对级>, or farthest-distant point. The islands of England and Ireland in the Northern Hemisphere and the islands of North Island and South Island in the Southern Hemisphere are just such a coincidence. The first two islands comprise<构成> the United Kingdom and the Republic of Ireland (or Eire), and the second two islands comprise<构成> New Zealand. Among these four islands, there can be no doubt that South Island is the least polluted and most spectacularly<引人入胜的，壮观的> scenic of them all.1.自然地理上较为奇特的巧合之一是地球上有两组大小约略相同、位置相对或者说相距最为遥远的双岛。
中石油2016通用英语选读课文52 Sales Promotion产品促销
52 Sales Promotion 产品促销1. Sales promotion consists of those promotional activities<推销活动>other than<不同于，除了，绝不是>advertising, personal selling, and publicity<宣传>. As such<因此>, any promotional activities that do not fall under<归入…类> the other three activities of the promotion mix are considered sales promotion. The trade often uses the term indiscriminately<adv不加区分地，无差别，任意地>. Businesspersons may use the term “promotion” when they actually mean “sales promotion.”For purpose here, promotion is a broad term that encompasses<v 包围，环绕，包含或包括某事物>sales promotion as well as the other three promotional activities.1、产品促销指的是不同于广告、个人销售和宣传的推销活动。
因此，不属于以上三种推销活动的推销活动都被认为是促销。
实际生活中经常不加区分地使用这一概念。
商务人员在说“推销”时，实际上指的是“促销”。
本文中，推销是一个广义的概念，它包括促销以及其他三种推销活动。
2. The techniques<手段，技巧> of sales promotion are varied and numerous. The common ones used are coupons<n息票，商家的优惠劵，赠劵>, sweepstakes<n赌金的独得，各种抽采赌博法，彩票>, games, contests, price-offs, demonstrations<示范>, premiums<n额外费用，奖金，奖赏，附加费>, samples, and money refund<返还，退还>offers. A combination of these can be used and sometimes is used in the same campaign<运动>.2、促销的手段多种多样，数不胜数。
中石油2016通用英语选读课文09
9 Oil and Gas Generation油气生成1. Petroleum<石油> is a result of the deposition<沉积物> of plant or animal matter in areas which are slowly subsiding<下沉，沉淀，平息>. These areas are usually in the sea or along its margins<边缘>in coastal<沿岸的，沿海的>lagoons<泻湖，礁湖>or marshes<湿地，沼泽，沼泽地>, occasionally<偶尔> in lakes or inland swamps<湿地，沼泽地>. Sediments<沉淀物，沉积>are deposited<沉积>along with the organic matter<有机物，有机质>and the rate of deposition of the sediments must be sufficiently<足够地，充分地> rapid for the organic matter to be preserved<保护，保存> by burial<n.掩埋> before being destroyed by decay<腐烂>.As time goes on<随着时间推移> the organic material is buried deeper and hence is exposed<暴露> to higher temperatures and pressures. Eventually<最后，最终>chemical changes result in the generation of petroleum. Ultimately<最后，最终> the subsidence will stop and may even reverse<反转>.1.石油是动植物在缓慢沉降区沉积演化而成的。
中石油2016通用英语选读课文35You Bet Your Life以命相赌
35 You Bet Your Life 以命相赌1. Life insurance<保险> is not really betting<赌博>although it can be compared to it. You pay the money just in case<以防万一>. In this day and age<在今天这个年代>, we think of insurance as a natural thing. If we scrape<划破，刮破> a fender<n挡泥板>or injure<伤害，损害> ourselves at work, we know that there is some sort of payment<某种赔款>that we can get through insurance. Of course, we don't get it for nothing<免费>; we make payments to the companies. If we don't use the insurance, the companies keep the money.1、生命保险不是真正意义上的赌博，虽然它能与赌博相比较，你花了钱以防意外。
在今天这个时代，我们认为保险是一件很自然的事。
如果我们划破了汽车的挡泥板或者在工作中伤到了自己，我们知道通过保险我们能获得某种赔款。
当然，我们不是无功受禄，我们给保险公司付了钱。
如果我们没有使用这项保险，保险公司就赚了这笔钱。
2."Insurance" is the term that we understand today. Some companies are beginning to use the term "assurance<保证>”. As a matter of fact<事实上>, Charles Babbage, over one hundred year s ago, felt that "assurance" was a better term. Apparently<显然>few others did, because "insurance" has stayed with us until today.2、“保险”是我们今天可以理解的一个词语。
中石油2016通用英语选读课文16
16. Unconventional Oil and Gas非常规油气1.One of the universally<普遍地>accepted definitions<定义>for unconventional<非传统的> oil and gas is that they are extracted<开采、萃取>using techniques other than the conventional method.In terms of<依据，在某方面>the chemical composition,unconventional oil and gas are identical to<与…相同，identical同一的，同样的> conventional.Unconventional oil consists of<包含>oil sands,extra heavy oil and shale oil,which need advanced<先进的> technology to be extracted.Unconventional gas is found in highly compact<致密的，紧凑的>rock or coalbeds and requires a specific set of production techniques.1.非常规油气的一个广为接受的定义是它们是以非常规手段开发的油气。
从化学成分上来看，非常规油气和常规油气是相同的。
非常规石油包括油砂、超重石油和页岩油，但需要先进技术开采。
非常规天然气存于高度致密的岩石或煤层中，需要使用特殊开采技术才能获得。
2.Oil Sands2.油砂3.Tar sands <焦油砂>are a combination of<结合> clay,sand,water,and bitumen<沥青>,a heavy black viscous oil<粘性油>.Tar sands can be mined<开采>and processed<加工>to extract the oil-rich bitumen,which is then refined<精制，精练> into oil.The bitumen in tar sands cannotbe pumped<注入>from the ground in its natural state<自然状态>;instead tar sand deposits are mined,usually using strip mining<露天开采> or open pit<采石场，露天开采> techniques,or the oil is extracted by underground heating with additional upgrading.3.焦油砂是一种粘土、砂、水和沏青（一种重质黑色稠油）的混合物。
中石油2016通用英语选读课文43Oil石油
43 Oil 石油1. The existence of oil wells has been known for a long time. Some of the Indians of North America used to collect and sell the oil from the wells of Pennsylvania<宾夕法尼亚>. No one, however, seems to have realized the importance of this oil until it was found that paraffin<n石蜡>-oil<煤油> could be made from it; this led to the development of the wells and to the making of enormous<巨大的> profits. When the internal combustion<n燃烧>engine<内燃机> was invented, oil became of worldwide importance.1、油井的存在由来已久。
北美的一些印第安人过去常常去宾夕法尼亚的油井采集油来出售。
一直以来，没有人认识到这种油的重要性，后来人们发现它可提炼出煤油来，情况才为之一变。
自此油井遂蓬勃发展，巨额利润也由此产生。
当内燃机发明后，石油更具有世界性重要意义。
2. What was the origin of the oil which now drives our motor-cars and aircraft? Scientists are confident<确信的> about the formation of coal, but they do not seem so sure when asked about oil. They think that the oil under the surface of the earth originated in<起源于，产生于> the distant past, and was formed from living things in the sea. Countless<无数的>billions<十亿> of minute<微小>sea creatures and plants lived and sank to the sea bed. They were covered with huge deposits of mud; and by processes of chemistry, pressure and temperature were changed through long ages into what we know as oil. For there creatures to become oil, it was necessary that they should be imprisoned<密封，禁锢> between layers of rock for an enormous length of time.The statement that oil originated in the sea is confirmed by a glance at<瞧一瞧，看一看> a map showing the chief oilfield of the world; very few of them are far distant from the oceans of today. In some places gas and oil come up to the surface of the sea from its bed. The rocks in which oil is found are of marine<海洋的>origin<起源>too. They are sedimentary<adj沉积的，沉淀性的> rocks<水成岩>, rocks which were laid down by the action of water on the bed of the ocean. Almost always the remains<遗骸> of shells<贝壳>, and other proofs<证据> of sea life, are found close to the oil. A very common sedimentary rock is called shale<n油页岩，页岩>, which is a soft rock and was obviously formed by being deposited on the sea bed. And where there is shale there is likely to be oil.2、现在驱动汽车和飞机的油的起源是什么？科学家对煤的形成一清二楚，然而论及石油时，它们就不那么有把握了。
中石油2016通用英语选读课文46Cultural Taboos文化禁忌
46 Cultural Taboos<禁忌> 文化禁忌1. The speed and convenience<便利> of modern travel means that destinations<目的地>that used to take a long time to travel to<朝…旅行>can now be reached quickly and easily.Even though "faraway" countries may now seem closer thanks to<由于，多亏> air travel, they may still be different from your home country. Therefore, it is important to adapt<适应于，改善>your behavior so that you don't insult<冒犯，凌辱>or offend<得罪> the local people. The following are some fundamental<基本的> rules that will make communication easier and your trip more enjoyable.1、现代旅行的速度和便捷意味着过去需要花很长时间才能抵达的目的地现在可以又快又轻松地到达。
尽管由于可以乘坐飞机旅行，“遥远”的国家似乎更近了，但是它们也许仍然与你自己的国家有所不同。
因此，改善你的行为从而不冒犯或不得罪当地人非常重要。
以下几条基本规则将会使交际变得更容易，使你的旅行更愉快。
2. First, never raise your voice in order to make yourself understood. If you do not know the word for something in the local language, or cannot make yourself understood verbally<adv口头地，用言辞地>, try drawing a picture or pointing to an object. Remember, though, that pointing directly at a person can be highly offensive<无礼的，冒犯的>in some cultures. If you have to point something out, do so<如此做> by gesturing<做手势> towards the object, with the palm<手掌> of your hand flat<变平>, facing upward, and your fingers outstretched<伸出，扩大>. Before you travel, try learning some basic words or phrases of the local language. Most useful are those that express gratitude<感激> and politeness<有礼貌>such as words for please, thank you, and may I, as well as basic greetings<问候用语>.2、首先，千万不要为了让别人听懂你的话语而提髙嗓门高声大叫(in order to do sth. 为了做某事)。
中石油2016通用英语选读课文41Happiness Index幸福指数
41 Happiness Index<n. 索引；偏意：指数>幸福指数1.In terms of<就…而言，依据，按照> happiness, your spouse<n配偶>—if you have one—is worth $100,000 a year.1、就幸福而言，你的配偶—如果你有的话—值10万美元一年。
2. That's the finding of two economists who have tried to put a monetary<adj 金钱的，货币的> value on happiness by measuring the emotional<情感的> value of everything from religion<宗教，信仰> to racial discrimination<种族歧视>in dollars<以美元为单位>.2、这就是两位经济学家研究的结果，他们试图从金钱的角度来衡量幸福，以美元为单位，对从宗教到种族歧视等各种情感进行估价。
3. Such a calculation<计算>, admits<承认> economist David Blanchflower, is "a little bit<有点儿> off the wall<荒诞的，疯狂的>" and may prompt<vt激起，促进> wry<adj扭曲的，歪曲的vt扭曲> comments<评论，意见>within some marriages on "cashing in<兑现>".3、经济学家大卫·布兰奇弗劳尔承认，这种计算是“有点离奇”，并可能引起不当的想法，认为有些人结婚是为了“从中捞取好处”。
中石油2016通用英语选读课文53Oil Refining石油炼制
53. Oil Refining石油炼制1.Primary Refining1.粗炼2.Petroleum refining is the process of separating the many compounds<混合物> present<目前的> in crude petroleum.This process is called fractional distillation<分馏>where the crude oil is heated;the various compounds boil at different temperatures and change to gases;and are later recondensed<v再浓缩，再凝结> back into liquids.The primary refining processes are the distillation<n.（蒸馏（过程）;蒸馏物;蒸流;升华>of the feedstock<n给料，进料>into its basic fractions<馏分>,and then the re-distillation of these,in separate towers,into highly concentrated<浓缩的，浓度的>intermediates<n媒介，半成品adj中间的>.2.石油炼制是将原油中的多种混合物进行分离的过程。
原油经过加热后，其中的不同组分将在不同的温度下沸腾并气化，随后又经冷凝浓缩转化为液体，这个过程称为分馏。
粗炼工序是将进料蒸馏成为其基本组分，然后再将这些组分在单独的炼塔中再蒸馏成为高浓度的半成品。
3.Distillation is the start of the refining process where the crude oil is split<分开，分裂>into a number of parts or cuts.The separation is made on the basis of boiling-point and groups of hydrocarbons boiling within a certain range are produced. The theory of distillation is very easy.The longer the carbon chain,the higher the temperature at which the compounds will boil.When crude oil boils,it sends out vapor<蒸汽> and condenses<冷凝>.All the different hydrocarbons in crude oil are at different temperatures.And their vapors all make separate liquids (fractions).The split are usually grouped into three categories:light distillates(LPG<液化石油气>,gasoline<汽油>,naphtha<n石脑油>),middle distillates(kerosene<煤油>,diesel<柴油>),heavy distillates and residuum<n剩余，残渣>(heavy fuel oil,lubricating oils<润滑油>,wax<蜡>,asphalt<n沥青>).3.蒸馏是炼油工艺流程的开始。
中石油2016通用英语选读课文07
7 Our Family Creed<n.信条>家族的信条1. They are the principles on which my wife and I have tried to bring up our family. They are the principles in which my father believed and by which he governed<管理> his life. They are the principles, many of them, which I learned at my mother's knee.1、这些是我和我太太在教育子女的时候所尽力倚仗的信条，这些是我父亲所深信并以之为人生律条的信条，这些信条中的大部分是我从母亲的膝下秉承而来的。
2. They point the way to usefulness and happiness in life, to courage and peace in death.2、这些信条告诉人们如何快乐而有所作为地活着，也告诉人们如何勇敢而安详地面对死亡。
3. If they mean to you what they mean to me, they may perhaps be helpful also to our sons for their guidance<n.指导> and inspiration<n.鼓舞人心的事或人>. 3、假如这些信条于诸位的意义如同它们于我的意义，那么也许它们可以有效地指导和鼓舞我们的儿女们。
4. Let me state<vt.陈述，说明> them:4、让我说出这些信条：5. I believe in the supreme<adj.极度的，极大的，至高的，最高的> worth of the individual and in his right<n.权利> to life, liberty<n.自由>, and the pursuit<n.追赶，追求，追寻，追击> of happiness.5、我相信，个人拥有无上的价值，拥有生存、自由和追求幸福的权利。
中石油2016通用英语选读课文02
2 Network Security网络安全1.As<随着> more Americans do more things online,Internet identity theft<身份失窃> is a growing—and very costly<昂贵的>—problem.Consider the following ten aspects<方面; 面貌; 方位，方向; 形势> and learn the best ways to protect yourself.1.随着美国网民不断增多，互联网使用越来越频繁，互联网身份失窃成了一个日益严重且代价昂贵的问题。
阅读以下十条建议，学会保护自己隐私的最佳方式。
2.Guard<保卫，保护；警卫> Your Personal Information.Never respond to<回复；响应；顺从，服从>requests<索取；要求，需要；请求>for personal or account<账户> information online(or over the phone).When your social security number<社会保障号码>is requested as<被要求作为> an identifier,ask if you can provide alternate<代替的；交替> information.Watch out for<警惕，小心提防，戒备>convincing<有说服力的；令人相信的convince<vt.使确信，使信服>>imitations<n.模仿，效法，冒充，赝品，仿造物>of banks,card companies,charities<慈善组织>and government agencies<机构>.Use legitimate<合法的，合理的；正规的；真正的，真实的> sources of contact information<联系方式>to verify<核实，证明，判定> requests for information,such as your financial institution’s<金融机构>official website<官方网址> or the telephone number listed on statements<结算单>.2.保护个人信息。
中石油2016通用英语选读课文08
8 The art of public Speaking 公共演讲的艺术1. The need for effective<有影响力的> public speaking will almost certainly<几乎必定>touch you sometime in your life. When it does, you want to be ready. But even if you never give another speech i n your life, you still have much to gain from<获益良多>studying public speaking. Your speech class will give you training in researching topics, organizing your ideas, and presenting yourself skillfully. The training is invaluable<非常宝贵的>for every type of communication.1、在你生活的某个时刻，几乎必定需要做某种有影响力的公开演讲。
当这个时刻来到时，你希望自己十分有把握。
但是，即便你在生活中从未发表过一个演讲，你仍然会从学习公共演说中获益良多。
你的演讲课将会在研究主题、组织思路和表现技巧方面对你进行训练。
这种训练对任何类型的交流都是非常宝贵的。
2. There are many similarities<类似的东西>between public speaking and daily conversation. The three major goals of public speaking-to inform<通知>, to persuade, to entertain<使有兴趣>-are also the three major goals of everyday conversation. In conversation, almost without thinking about it, you employ<使用>a wide range of skills. You organize your ideas logically<有条理地，有逻辑地>. You tailor<修改，调整> your message to your audience<听众，观众，读者>. You tell a story for maximum impact<影响，效果>. You adapt to<使适应，使习惯> feedback<反馈，反映>from your listener. These are among the most important skills you will need for public speaking.2、在公开演讲和日常交谈之间有许多类似的东西。
中石油2016通用英语选读课文11
中石油2016通用英语选读课文1111 Smoking and Cancer 吸烟和癌1. Americans smoke six thousand million<百万>cigarettes<香烟，纸烟>every year (1970 figures). This is roughly<大致上，大体，大约> the equivalent<相等的> of 4,195 cigarettes a year for every person in the country of 18 years of age or more. It is estimated that<据估计> 51% of American men smoke compared with 34% of American women.1、美国人每年抽烟60亿支(1970年的统计数字)。
这大致等于每个18岁以上的人一年要吸4195支烟。
据估计，美国有51％的男性吸烟，而女性吸烟的比例则为34％。
2. Since 1939, numerous<数不清的，许多的，大量的> scientific studies have been conducted to determine whether smoking is a health hazard<冒险，危险>. The trend of the evidence<证据> has been consistent<一致的> and indicates that there is a serious health risk. Research teams have conducted studies that show beyond all reasonable doubt<毫无疑问的，不容置疑的> that tobacco<烟草> smoking, particularly cigarette smoking,is associated with<与…有关> shortened life expectancy<预期，期望>.2、1939年以来，为了确定抽烟是否有害健康进行了大量的科学研究。
中石油2016通用英语选读课文57Earth‘s Last Frontier-The Sea海洋,地球最后的待开发疆域
57 Earth's Last Frontier<尚待开发的领域>:The Sea海洋，地球最后的待开发疆域1. "We've all gone a little crazy about the outer space business," says Vice Admiral C.B. Momsen. "The ocean is the place where we should be putting our efforts in order to provide for future generations<代>.''1、“我们都对那些外太空的事情有些狂热，”海军上将C.B.Momsen说，“为了供养子孙后代，海洋才是我们应该投入努力的地方。
”2. Seventy-one percent of the earth's surface is covered by water. An observer, looking at the earth from another planet<行星>, would be likely to call it Oceanus<n海洋之神>. If all the continents<大陆> and mountains were bulldozed<v威吓，欺负> flat, the earth would be covered by water more than 12,000 feet deep.2、地球表面的71%被水覆盖。
一个观测者从另一个行星看地球将可能称其为海洋之神。
如果所有的大陆和山脉被推平，那么地球表面将被一层超过12000英尺深的水所覆盖。
3. Sea and air are divide d by a viscous<粘性的> curtain; beneath the curtain is an element<元素，成分> weighing 800 times as much as air, utterly<adv完全地，绝对地，彻底地> dark a few fathoms<n长度单位（6英尺）vt测量深度> down, and with pressures that would pulp<n果肉，纸浆vt使化成浆> a man at 3,000 feet. Yet<然而> we know that many animals live in the deeps at pressures of 15,000 pounds per square inch.3、海洋和空气被一种粘性的“帘布”分开，“帘布”之下是一种比空气重800倍的成分，深入其下一、二十英尺就变得完全黑暗，在3000英尺深处的压力会把人压成肉酱。
中石油2016通用英语选读课文39
39 A $210,000 Wallet 价值21万美元的钱包1. Buffett auctioned<n/vt拍卖，竞拍>his 20-year-old wallet on December 3, 1999 and received a high bid<出价，投标> of $210,000 which went to a charity<慈善机构>, Girls Inc. of Omaha. The story about the battered<adj破旧的，打扁了的，敲碎的>old black billfold<n皮夹>broke<vt透露，说出> in The Wall Street Journal (December 2,1999). "I've never gone for the top of the line<头条>," Buffett was quoted<v.引用, 援引; quotation n. 引用, 引述>.1. 1999年12月3日，巴菲特拍卖了跟随他20年之久的钱包，高达21万美元的拍卖所得全部捐给了慈善机构奥马哈女童之家。
《华尔街日报》(1999年12月2日)刊登了有关这个黑色旧皮夹的故事，报纸援引巴菲特的话说：“我还从来没有上过头条。
”2. The wallet survived the dunking<v泡，津> in a Minnesota<明尼苏达州> lake after a fishing boat capsized<vt翻，颠覆，倾覆>leaving Buffett dogpaddling<狗刨式游泳>. Buffet didn't include his credit cards, driver's license or a pass for free<免费券> McDonald's hamburgers. He did include an expired<到期的> half-price pass from Hooter's restaurant chain<连锁店> given to him for allowing the chain to note Buffett's birthday on their calendar<日历>. "I plan to leave the name of a stock tip<股票信息> in it for whoever buys it," Buffett told the Journal. It turn ed out to be First Industrial Realty Trust<第一工业房地产信托公司>.2.这个钱包曾经被水浸泡过。
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4 How to Negotiate<谈判> with Americans
如何与美国人谈判
1.美国是一个富有吸引力的市场。
它给世界带来的诸如“股东价值”和“首次公开募股”的商业文化近几年来一直引导着商业思想，并且在未来几年内还将保持。
但是无论是谁，想要在美国取得成功，都必须记住游戏的规则。
2.美国的商业，在《纽约，纽约》这首歌的歌词中是这样描述的：“如果你能在这里取得成功，你就能在别的任何地方取得成功!” 但是愉快的做生意的方法是绝对不够的。
虽然在美国的商业沟通是愉快的和自在的，但是它同时也因为不讲情面而成为焦点。
3.沟通是美国人与生俱来的才能。
双方谈判的时候，闲聊和微笑是很重要的。
美国人比英国人更幽默也更直接。
（that 引导定语从句，可以译为：美国人自由地使用幽默感，这种幽默感比英国人更加直接。
）如果你和美国人谈话，要很放松并且要准备很多笑话来吸引听众的注意力。
4.美国人不拘礼节。
商业伙伴不会在他们的名片上写他们的毕业院校。
会议期间会提供一些用塑料瓶或盒子装的三明治和饮料。
你的生意伙伴很可能会在办公室随意地做一些事情或聊他们的家庭。
5.“时间就是金钱”这种态度在美国的生意场上的影响力比其他任何领域都强。
在简单的寒暄之后，美国谈判双方很快地切入主题，甚至社会上举办的联欢会都会被利用来讨论生意。
6.美国人做生意很注重实效，他们就是想赢。
相比之下，发展与商业伙伴的个人关系（与得到的谈判结果相比）就不是那么重要了。
7.而且美国谈判者想最快地获得结果。
金融情况时刻受到关注（或直译为“财务业绩每季上报”），这对在短期内保证收益很重要。
因此，许多美国契约在前言里面包含“时间就是生命”这一条款。
所以美国人谈判很性急，但这不应该被理解为无礼，而是因为“时间就是金钱”的理念在起作用。
8.因为战略合作和其他的长期项目都是以其潜在的快速投资回报率来进行评价的，这种态度会对谈判有很大的影响。
(本句也可译为：“时间就是金钱”的这种态度对谈判具有很大的影响，因为，战备合作和其他的长期项目都是以获得快速投资回报的潜能来进行评价的。
)
待>.
9.亚洲人谈判的时间历来很长，这也是为什么美国和亚洲的很多企业合作起来却没有达到预期效果的一个主要原因。
10.当你在美国经商时，以下的这些事情是值得考虑一下的。
11.引导一个高水平的、专业的谈判，并借助于艺术手段将谈判内容呈现出来，这在美国很受欢迎。
你应该制定一个谈判议程，甚至是一个协定草案。
谈判将会在准备充分、平和、实事求是的和实用的状态中进行，整个过程充满幽默。
12.在介绍自己公司情况的时候，要很积极。
对自己公司的产品、服务和在市场上的地位都不要说得太谦虚。
相反要釆取一种乐观进取的态度，让对方觉得你能行。
13.还有，不要被你的谈判合伙人放松的沟通方式所误导。
诸如宗教、政治或种族背景等，这些问题一定要慎重提及，即使是在私人的交谈中也应如此。
14.这种不拘礼节的态度并不意味着在美国的公司中没有等级制度。
相反，每个人的身份地位会以一种非常微妙的方式表现出来，而要真正理解这种表达方式是需要一定时间的。
课后练习：
1. Its business culture, has brought the world "shareholder value" and "IPOs", commercial thinking in recent years and will continue to do so.
A. which; has leaded
B. which; has been leading
C. that; has leaded
D. that; has been leading
2. Yet a euphoric approach business is by no means enough.
A. into
B. with
C. to
D. on
3. Although business communication in the US is pleasant and easygoing, it is at the same time focused.
A. ruthless
B. ruthlessly
C. ruthlessness
4. a personal relationship with the business partner is not as important as results.
A. Developing; getting
B. Developing; to get
C. To develop; getting
D. To develop; to get
5. For this reason, many US contain the provision "time is of the essence" within their preamble.
A. contacts
B. contents
C. contends
D. contracts
6. The negotiation will in a well-prepared, calm and pragmatic manner, all laced a substantial dose of humor.
A.proceed; with
B. process; with
C. process; in
D. proceed; in
7. Present and market your case in a way.
A. negative
B. positively
C. negatively
D. positive
8. Religion, politics or ethnic background should be touched on .
A. cautiously
B. cautiousness
C. cautious
D. caution
9. Do not your negotiating partners' relaxed style of communication.
A. are misled by
B. misled by
C. be misled by
D. be misled
10. The casual attitude in the US does not mean no hierarchy in US companies.
A. that is
B. there is
C. there are
D. that are。