高考英语一轮复习Unit3Inventorsandinventions语篇解题微技巧新人教版选修

Unit 3 Inventors and inventions

完形填空之利用背景常识解题

方法指导

解答完形填空题时,有时文章中提供的信息不够,还需要读者把头脑中储存的一般知识信息结合起

来考虑,最后给出符合常识的最佳答案。因此解答完形填空题时,考生的英语语言知识以及相关的文化、科学、历史、地理、风俗、民情等方面的知识和生活常识,都发挥着重要的作用。这就要求学生在平时的学习生活中留心积累丰富的文化背景知识和日常生活知识,如西方国家的一些历史概况、名人、重大的节日, 西方人的工作与生活习惯、社交礼仪和习俗等,此外还要留意当今社会和学生生活息息相关的话题,如环境保护、交通问题、就业问题、人际交往问题、心理问题等,还要掌握相关的基础的科学技术知识。

当对语言的把握不很准确时,可充分利用自己已掌握的文化背景和生活常识,巧妙地加以运用,先找出并理解文章主题和主线,并根据主题猜测细节,注意从重复出现的词语中寻找、体会文章表达的氛围。这样将会大大简化复杂的分析与判断过程,节省宝贵的时间,顺利地沿作者的思路阅读下去。

典例引领

I consider myself something of an expert on apologies. A quick temper has 1 me with plenty of opportunities to make them. In one of my earlier 2 , my mother was telling me “Don’t watch the 3 when you say, ‘I’m sorry’. Hold your head up and look at the person in the 4 , so he’ll know you 5 it. ”

My mother thus made the key point of a(n) 6 apology: It must be direct. You must never 7 to be doing something else. You do not 8 a pile of letters while apologizing to a person 9 in position after blaming him or her for a mistake that turned out to be your 10 . You do not apologize to a hostess, whose guest of honor you treat 11 , by sending flowers the next day without mentioning your bad 12 .

One of the important things we should do for an 13 apology is a readiness to 14 the responsibility for our careless mistakes. We are used to making excuses, which leaves no 15 for the other person to 16 us. Since most people are openhearted, the noexcuse apology leaves both parties feeling 17 about themselves. That, after all, is the 18 of every apology. It 19 little whether the apologizer is wholly or only partly at fault. Answering for one’s 20 encourages others to take their share of the blame.

1.A.provided B.mixed C.pared D.treated

2.A.dreams B.courses C.memories D.ideas

3.A.side B.ground C.wall D.bottom

4.A.mind B.soul C.face D.eye

5.A.imagine B.enjoy C.mean D.regret

eful B.successful C.equal D.basic

7.A.pretend B.forget C.refuse D.expect

8.A.hold on B.put away C.look through D.pick up

9.A.poorer B.weaker C.worse D.lower

10.A.fault B.reason C.result D.duty

11.A.cruelly B.freely C.roughly D.foolishly

12.A.manners B.excuses C.efforts D.roles

13.A.active B.effective C.extra D.easy

14.A.raise B.perform C.admit D.bear

15.A.situation B.need C.sign D.room

16.A.advise B.forgive C.warn D.blame

17.A.wiser B.warmer C.better D.cleverer

18.A.purpose B.method C.end D.advantage

19.A.cares B.matters C.depends D.remains

20.A.facts B.states C.rights D.actions

方法运用

[语篇解读] 本文阐述了一个观点,道歉要真诚,要敢于承担责任,同时也批评了一些“假”道歉的行为。

1.A 作者是急脾气,当然这会提供给作者很多道歉的机会。provide提供 mix混合 pare比较 treat治疗。

2.C 母亲过去告诉我道歉时不应该看地面,这当然应该是记忆中的事。memory记忆 dream梦想 course 课程 idea主意。

3.B 根据后面的Hold your head up可知用ground。

4.D 本题考查背景常识。道歉时看着对方的眼睛,以示真诚, 在这一点上中西方是一样的。

5.C mean it中的it在这里指道歉的行为 imagine想象 enjoy喜欢 regret后悔。