被动语态在一般现在时和一般过去时中的运用

合集下载

被动语态

(错) The price has been risen. (对) The price has risen. (错) The price has raised. (对) The price has been raised.
二、不能用于被动语态的及物动词或动词短语：
fit, marry, own, wish, cost, agree with, arrive at / in, succeed in, happen to, take part in, belong to
The question is easy to answer. 这问题容易回答。
That book is difficult to understand. 那本书难懂。
在这种句型结构中，动词不定式和主语的关系实际上是一种逻辑上的动宾关系，可以说是动词不定式作主语变换来的，相当于It’s easy to answer the question.和It’s difficult to understand that book.由于把动词宾语放在主语位置，所以和不定式的关系构成一种被动关系。
The door has already/just been locked．门已经/刚刚被锁上。（被动语态）
The shop is opened．这家商店开门了。（系表结构）
The shop is opened at 8 a.m. everyday．这家商店每天上午八点开门。（被动语态
That book smells old.那本书有一股霉味。
These oranges taste nice.这些橙子味道很好。以上这些动词都不能用进行时表示。若用进行时，则表示主动含义。比较：The child is smelling the paint.小孩正在闻油漆的气味。九、在need(want, require, deserve, etc.)doing句型中，动名词(doing)相当于动词不定式的被动式(to be done)，在意思上没有多大差别。例如：

一般现在时的被动语态知识点

一般现在时的被动语态知识点一、一般现在时被动语态的构成。

1. 肯定句。

- 结构为“am/is/are+过去分词”。

- 例如：- The book is written by him.（这本书是他写的。

）其中，the book是主语，is written是一般现在时的被动语态结构，write的过去分词是written，by him表示动作的执行者。

- I am often asked to help others.（我经常被要求去帮助别人。

）这里，I 是主语，am asked是被动语态结构，ask的过去分词是asked。

- They are given a lot of homework every day.（他们每天被布置很多家庭作业。

）they是主语，are given是被动语态结构，give的过去分词是given。

2. 否定句。

- 结构为“am/is/are + not+过去分词”。

- 例如：- The window isn't broken by the boy.（窗户不是那个男孩打破的。

）- I am not told the news.（我没有被告知这个消息。

）- They are not allowed to go out at night.（他们不被允许在晚上出去。

）3. 一般疑问句。

- 结构为“Am/Is/Are+主语+过去分词+（by...）?”- 例如：- Is the letter sent by her?（这封信是她寄的吗？）- Are you often invited to the party?（你经常被邀请参加聚会吗？）- Am I given a chance?（我被给予一个机会吗？）4. 特殊疑问句。

- 结构为“特殊疑问词+am/is/are+主语+过去分词+（by...）?”- 例如：- What is made in this factory?（这个工厂生产什么？）- Who are you taught by?（谁教你们？）- How is the work done?（这项工作是如何完成的？）二、一般现在时被动语态的用法。

五种常用时态的被动语态

五种常用时态的被动语态：1)一般现在时的被动语态：am／is／are + doneThe house is cleaned by my mother every morning．我妈妈每天早上都打扫房子。

2)一般过去时的被动语态：was／were + doneI was beaten by someone last night．我昨晚被人打了。

3)一般将来时的被动语态：will be + doneThis boy will be expelled from the football team tomorrow．这个男孩明天将被开除出足球队。

4)完成时的被动语态：has／have／had been + doneNew Concept English has been translated into many languages．《新概念英语》已经被翻译成了许多种语言。

5)进行时的被动语态：be being + doneMy bicycle is being repaired by a garage．我的自行车正在一家修理厂里维修。

标题Not for jazz总结for的用法：1)为：I bought a book for you．我为你买了一本书。

2)因为：Something fell in，for I heard a splash．一定有东西掉下去了，因为我听见扑通一声。

4)适合：Not for jazz=It's not suitable to play jazz on the clavichord．古钢琴不适合演奏爵士乐。

Question：What happened to the clavichord?to后面加宾语，表示其身上发生了什么事，即动作的目标、对象。

What happened to you?你怎么了?(在你身上发生了什么事?)(1)否定句与疑问句的被动语态We don’t believe her．我们不信她的话。

被动语态在一般现在时和一般过去时中的运用

被动语态一. 概念：表示动作与主语之间是被动关系的句子是被动语态。

二. 主动语态与被动语态之间如何转换三. 各种不同时态的主动语态与被动语态的对比时态主动语态被动语态一般现在时am / is / are + P.P. （1）Do they speak French ?（2）They don’t use the room .Is French spoken by them ?The room isn’t used by them .一般过去时was / were + p.p. （1）The hunter killed a tiger .（2）He wrote many stories last year .A tiger was killed by the hunter .Many stories were written by him last year .四. 如何正确使用被动语态1. 有些动词带有两个宾语，即直接宾语和间接宾语，变被动语态时，可把其中一个宾语变成主语，另一个留在被动结构谓语后面。

需要注意的是：若把直接宾语变成被动语态的主语，需要在间接宾语之间加上介词“to”。

eg. He often tells us interesting stories . （主动语态）The interesting stories are often told to us by him.（被动语态）▲常带双宾语的词有：tell , show , lend , pass等。

2. 在主动语态中，某些动词之后带有复合宾语，即宾语和宾语补足语，这个复合宾语由动词不定式来充当，to被省略，但在被动语态中，这个to还要还原。

eg. I often hear her sing this popular song . （主动语态）She is often heard to sing this popular song .（被动语态）▲有这种用法的常用动词有：make , let , see , hear , watch , feel , notice等。

被动语态的时态

被动语态的时态被动语态的时态是由be动词的时态决定的be 动词是什么时态，全句就是什么时态be动词后⾯的过去分词不变。

(1)被动语态的⼀般现在时定义：“ am/is/are+过去分词”The river is polluted.这条河被污染了。

You're wanted on the phone.有你的电话。

.(2)被动语态的⼀般过去时定义：“ was/were+过去分词”When was the bridge completed?这座桥是何时建成的?Where were they made?它们是哪⾥制造的?(3)被动语态的⼀般将来时定义：“ will+ be/shall+过去分词”和“be going to+be+过去分词”The project is going to be done.这个项⽬很快就会完成。

She will be invited to the party.她将被邀请参加此次聚会。

(4)现在正在进⾏时的被动语态定义：表⽰此时此刻某事正在被做.构成：be + being+过去分词The sport meeting is being held in our school.我校正在举⾏运动会.Another bridge is being built over the Yangtze River.长江上正在修建另⼀座⼤桥.“be being done” 中的动词be应随主语作相应的变化.将现在进⾏时的主动语态变为现在进⾏时的被动语态的关键是：把be doing变为be being done.例1.The students are cleaning the classroom now.The classroom is being cleaned now.现在学⽣们正在打扫教室.(are cleaning变为is being cleaned)The boy is counting some eggs.Some eggs are being counted.那男孩正在数蛋.(is counting 变为 are being counted)注意：有些动词进⾏时的主动形式就可以表⽰被动的意思常见的这些动词有: print, cook, fry, bake, burn, hang.如：The house is burning. The meat is cooking.在be + under / in/on +n. 的结构可以表⽰现在进⾏时的被动语态的含义。

被动语态的用法

被动语态的用法一、语态概述英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。

英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。

主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。

例如：Many people speak English.被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。

例如：English is spoken by many people.主语English是动词speak的承受者。

二、被动语态的构成被动语态由“助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。

人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。

一般现在时：am／is／are＋done一般过去时：was／were＋done一般将来时：will／shall be＋done过去将来时：would+be+done现在实行时：am／is／are being＋done过去实行时：was/were being +done现在完成时：have／has been＋done三、被动语态的用法1 不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。

例如：1) Some new computers were stolen last night.一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。

(不知道电脑是谁偷的)2) This book was published in 1981.这本书出版于1981年。

2 强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。

例如：1) This book was written by him.这本书是他写的。

2) Eight hours per day for sleep must be guaranteed.每天8小时睡眠必须得到保证。

记忆歌诀：谁做的动作不知道，说出谁做的没有必要；动作承受者需强调，被动语态使用到。

四、主动语态变被动语态的方法1 把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。

2 把谓语变成被动结构(be＋过去分词)，根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式。

七种被动语态形式

七种被动语态形式1) 一般现在时的被动语态(am/is/are+ 过去分词)如: The work is done during two days.2) 一般过去时的被动语态(was/were+ 过去分词)如: He was sent to the hospital immediately after the accident.3) 一般将来时的被动语态(will/shall + be + 过去分词或+ be going to + be + 过去分词)如: The work will be finished soon.4) 现在进行时的被动语态(is/am/are + being+ 过去分词)如: The bridge is now being constructed.5) 现在完成时的被动语态(have/has +been + 过去分词)如: The radio has been repaired when we phoned the shop.6) 带情态动词的被动语态(情态动词+ be + 过去分词)如: This can be done in a few minutes.7) 动词不定式的被动式(to be + 过去分词)如: It is an honor for me to be asked to speak here.现在完成时的被动语态其构成是: have/has been + done现在完成时的被动语态表示动作发生在过去, 到现在已经完成或对现在仍有影响,。

如：1. The dirty clothes have been washed.脏衣服都已经洗了。

2. The plan has been studied by the experts for three times.这项计划已经由专家研究过三次了。

现在完成时:表示从过去持续到现在，还可能继续持续下去的动作，往往和表示一段时间的状语（for+一段时间，since…, ）等连用，或用于how long 句型中1. 主语是行为动作的承受者。

一般现在时和一般过去时被动语态的用法口诀

一般现在时和一般过去时被动语态的用法口诀摘要：一、一般现在时被动语态的用法1.构成方法2.常见疑问句与回答3.实际应用举例二、一般过去时被动语态的用法1.构成方法2.常见疑问句与回答3.实际应用举例正文：【一般现在时被动语态的用法】一般现在时被动语态主要用来描述现在的状态、经常发生的事情或事实。

其构成方法为：be + 过去分词。

例如：1.我每天都被老师批评。

"I am criticized by the teacher every day."2.她经常被邀请参加派对。

"She is often invited to the party."3.电脑被很多人使用。

"Computers are used by many people."对于一般现在时的被动语态疑问句，通常使用“Is/Are + 主语+ 过去分词”的形式。

例如：1.你每天都被谁批评？"Who is criticized by you every day?"2.她经常被谁邀请参加派对？"Who is she often invited to the party by?"3.电脑被谁使用？"Who uses computers?"【一般过去时被动语态的用法】一般过去时被动语态用于描述过去发生的动作或状态。

其构成方法为：was/were + 过去分词。

例如：1.我昨天被老师批评了。

"I was criticized by the teacher yesterday."2.她上周被邀请参加派对。

"She was invited to the party last week."3.电脑在过去经常被很多人使用。

"Computers were often used by many people in the past."对于一般过去时的被动语态疑问句，通常使用“Was/Were + 主语+ 过去分词”的形式。

各种时态的被动语态

各种时态的被动语态一、八大时态的被动语态的构成：1．一般现在时的被动语态构成：（am/is/are +done）如：I am asked to study hard. 我被请求努力学习。

This shirt is washed once a week. 这件T恤一周洗一次。

These songs are usually sung by boys. 这些歌曲通常是男生唱的。

2．一般过去时的被动语态构成：（was/were done）如：The soldier was killed, but the train was saved. 这位战士牺牲了，然而列车得救了。

Some notes were passed up to the speaker. 有人给讲演者递上来一些纸条。

3．一般将来时的被动语态构成：（shall/will be done）如：We shall be asked a lot of strange questions. 我们将被问许多怪题。

My son will be sent to school next September. 来年九月我将送我儿子去读书。

4．过去将来时的被动语态构成：（should/would be done）如：The news would be sent to him as soon as it arrived. 消息一到就会转给他的。

He told us that the new railway would be built the next year. 他告诉我新铁路将在明年修建。

5．现在完成时的被动语态构成：（has/have been done）如：The work has just been finished. 工作刚刚结束。

The old rules have been done away with by us. 旧规章已经被我们废除了。

6．过去完成时的被动语态构成：（had been done）如：By last December three ships had been built by them. 到去年十二月底他们已建造了三艘船。

被动语态

（一）语态的基本概念和种类语态是动词的一种形式，用来表明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。

所以英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。

语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。

主语是动作的发出者为主动语态；主语是动作的接受者为被动语态。

如：They built the bridge.The bridge was built by them.(二)被动语态的构成被动语态由“助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。

人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。

现以teach 为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。

一般现在时：am／is／are＋taught一般过去时：was／were＋taught一般将来时：will／shall be＋taught现在进行时：am／is／are being＋taught过去进行时：have／has been＋taught现在完成时：have／has been＋taught歌诀是：被动语态be字变，过去分词跟后面。

情态动词的被动语态是常考的一个知识点：情态动词+be+过去分词(三)被动语态的用法1)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。

例如：Some new computers were stolen last night. 一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。

(不知道电脑是谁偷的)This book was published in 1981. 这本书出版于1981年。

(2)强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。

例如：the window was broken by Mike. 窗户是迈克打破的。

This book was written by him. 这本书是他写的。

Eight hours per day for sleep must be guaranteed. 每天8小时睡眠必须得到保证。

歌诀：谁做的动作不知道，说出谁做的没有必要；动作承受者需强调，被动语态运用到（四）主动语态变被动语态的方法与注意事项歌诀是：宾变主，主变宾，by短语后面跟。

被动语态的用法

被动语态的用法被动语态的用法学习被动语态的几个问题被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式，表示句子中的主语是动作的承受者，汉语往往用“被”、“受”、“给”等词来表示被动意义。

1. 被动语态的各种时态被动语态（The Passive Voice）是动词的一种形式，表示主语是谓语动词的承受者。

被动语态便于论述客观事实，故常用于科技文章、新闻报道、书刊介绍以及景物描写。

被动语态没有将来进行时、过去将来进行时和完成进行时形式。

1）一般现在时The boy is called Johnson.friend.（3）主动语态中若有双宾语,将其中一个宾语变为被动句的主语,另一个宾语不变。

动词make/buy/mend/get用for;动词give/show/pass/send/lend/bring/take用to) Vivian gave me a book.(被动1) I was given a book by Vivian.(被动2) A book was given to me by Vivian. （4）主动语态若有复合宾语，（即句子结构为主＋Vt＋宾＋宾补），将主动句的宾语变为被动句的主语，宾补不变。

They call him Louis.被动语态:He is called Louis.（5）主动语态句中动词make, have, let(使sb做sth), notice. see. watch, look at, hear, listen to, feel等变成被动语态时，后面的不定式需要加上to.Mr. Lee made him wash the dishes.被动语态:He was made to wash the dishes. （6）主动形式表被动.The poem reads well.（7）有些动词不能用于被动语态takeplace/happen/come true/break down/break out 等。

一般现在时、一般过去时和被动语态

I .The Simple Present and Past Tense II .The passiveI. 一般现在时和一般过去时1、一般现在时表示经常性的动作、现在存在的情况或状态和一般真理，也可用来描述工作过程等一系列连续动作。

如：The factory produces cars .这个工厂生产汽车。

The earth goes round the sun .地球绕太阳运行。

Scientists go down into the sea ,collect sea plants ,study them and then writ e papers .科学家下潜入海，采集海生植物，研究所采植物，然后写出论文。

2、一般过去是表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去时间的状语连用。

如：yesterday ,last year ,three days ago 等。

This factory produced 600 cars last month.Exercise 1. Cross out the wrong words in the brackets.1.The computer (gives, gave)us lesson in the correct usage of English words and phrase once aweek .2.The computer (gives, gave)us lesson in the correct usage of English words and phraseyesterday .3.In 1969 ,a rocket (takes ,took)men to the moon for the first time.4.Rockets (are ,were)usually very big.5.The worker (cleans ,cleaned)the machines every day.6.The worker (cleans ,cleaned)the machines last week .Exercise bine the left with the right ,making as many sensible sentences as possible.1. A rocket reached the moon every dayWe built a big rocket not long ago2.The students do their mathematics in 1969with a computer4. We have English lessons once every two yearsII. The passive 被动语态英语动词又主动语态和被动语态之分，以表示主语和谓语之间的不同关系。

(完整版)被动语态构成及用法详解

被动语态用法详解TENSE 主动语态被动语态一般现在时be+V.\V.sam\is\are+V(p.p)一般将来时will\be going to\be (about)to+V. will be +V(p.p) 现在进行时am\is\are+V.ingam\is\are+being+V(p.p)一般过去时①was\were②V.edwas\were+V(p.p)现在完成时have\has+V.p.p have\has+bee n+V(p.p)过去完成时had+V.p.phad+been+V(p.p)被动语态牢记一点，be加动词过去分词。

分析句中主和谓，承受者作主语即被动。

短语动词不可忘介、副词。

另有不及物动词，只有主动无被动。

还要注意其时态，与主动语态全相同。

不用被动语态的情况1）不及物动词或动词短语无被动语态（即多数的瞬间动词）：appear, die（死亡）,disappear（消失）, end (vi. 结束）, fail, happen, last, lie, remain, sit, spread, stand break out, come true, fall asleep, keep silence, lose heart, take place. After the fire, very little remained of my house. 比较：rise, fall, happen是不及物动词；raise, seat是及物动词。

（错）The price has been risen.（对）The price has risen.（错）The accident was happened last week.（对）The accident happened last week.（错）The price has raised.（对）The price has been raised.（错）Please seat.（对）Please be seated.要想正确地使用被动语态，就须注意哪些动词是及物的，哪些是不及物的。

被动语态的一般过去时、一般现在时、一般将来时

被动语态的一般过去时、一般现在时、一般将来时（一）被动语态结构（P assive Voice）结构：be +---am/are /is + 动词的过去分词done情态动词的被动语态---can/must/may/should + be +done主动句与被动句之间的转换（一）主动句变为被动句所遵循的3个步骤:1.宾变主:把原主动句中的宾语变为被动句的主语.2.变被动：把动词变为被动形式即be +过去分词，并注意其人称和数随主语的变化，而动词的时态则保持不变。

3.主变宾+ by:原主动句的主语如需要则放在by后面以它的宾格形式出现（注代词的宾格），如不需要则可省略。

（二）句式转换：将被动句中所带的助动词be, will, have, can, must .......... 后加not 或提到句首.waters the flowers every day.变被动：The flowers否定:The flowersYes,2.He cut the old tree yesterday.一般过去时的被动语态---was/were +done一般将来时的被动语态——will be + done一般现在时的被动语态We bought some books.father every day.father问句及答: the flowers father every day主语谓语动词宾语被动语态变被动：The old tree yesterday.否定: The old tree6. The lazy boy didn't wash clothes yesterday. by the lazy boy yesterday.一般现在时 1He often helps me in English.2Lucy does her homework in the evening.3They make shoes in that factory. you water the flowers every day一般过去时1 We built our school 95 years ago.2They planted many trees last year.3He didn ' t take the photo in 2003. you finish your homework一般将来时1We will hold our National Games in Jinan.问句及答 : the old tree yesterdayNo,3. They will have a class meeting tomorrow.变被动 : A class meeting by them tomorrow. 划线提问 : the class meeting by them4. We should do something to stop the pollution. 变被动:to stop the pollution. 划线提问 :to stop the pollution 5. Do people use Chinese only in China 变被动 :Chinese only in China people变被动 : Clothes2I will invite my teacher to the party.3He won' t finish his homework in an hour.4We must clean the classroom every day.5Parents should allow the teenagers to choose their own clothes.6Uncle Wang can't mend his bike . 含情态动词、谓语动词是由不及物动词加介词或副词构成的。

英语被动语态的用法归纳

英语被动语态的用法归纳决定动词用主动语态还是被动语态主要看动词和主语的关系。

如果主语是动作的执行者，也就是说它们是主动关系，此时动词用主动语态；如果主语是动作的承受者，也就是说它们是被动关系，此时动词则用被动语态。

英语的被动语态由“助动词be＋过去分词”构成，其中be有时态、人称和数的变化。

被动语态的时态：1.一般现在时的被动语态：am/is/ are +动词的过去分词2.一般过去时的被动语态：was/were +动词的过去分词3.一般将来时的被动语态：will be +动词的过去分词4.现在进行时的被动语态：am/is/are +being +动词的过去分词5.现在完成时的被动语态：have/has +been +动词的过去分词6.情态动词的被动语态：情态动词+ be +动词的过去分词被动语态的基本用法:(1)需要强调动作的承受者时The Great Wall is enjoyed by millions of people all over the world.English is widely spoken in the world now.(2)不知道或没必要指出动作的执行者时Mr.Wang is invited to the meeting today.The problem is dealt with now.(3)当说话人需要强调客观时It is said that she was a beauty when she was young主动语态变被动语态的变法：宾变主，主变宾，谓变be done ,时不变，数格必须随被变。

注:1.主动、被动的时态要一致。

2.主动、被动的句式要一致。

3.变成的被动语态的主语与谓语在单复数上保持一致。

一般过去时被动语态基本句式(1)肯定式:主语+ was/were +过去分词+by?It was made in Beijing Ren'ai Education Institute.(2)否定式:主语+was/were + not +过去分词+ by?She was not given a paniting by him.This question was not discussed at the meeting yesterday.(3)一般疑问句:Was/Were+主语+过去分词+by?Was it made of bamboo?(4)特殊疑问句:特殊疑+was/were+过去分词+by?What was it made of?特殊情况的被动语态：1.带双宾语的被动语态：动词+ sb(间宾)+sth(直宾)口诀：如遇双宾语，一般变间宾，若把直宾变，to/for间宾连。