Basic beverage knowledge
基础知识对学习一门科目的重要性英语作文
基础知识对学习一门科目的重要性英语作文全文共3篇示例,供读者参考篇1The Importance of Basic Knowledge in Learning a SubjectIntroductionIn order to excel in any subject, having a strong foundation of basic knowledge is essential. Basic knowledge serves as the building blocks upon which more complex concepts are built. Without a strong understanding of the fundamentals, it can be difficult to grasp the more advanced concepts in a subject. In this essay, we will discuss the importance of basic knowledge in learning a subject and how it can impact academic success.Understanding the FundamentalsFundamental concepts form the basis of any subject. For example, in mathematics, understanding basic arithmetic operations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division is crucial for solving more complex problems. Without a solid understanding of these fundamental operations, it can be difficult to tackle more advanced topics such as algebra or calculus. Similarly, in subjects such as science or history, having astrong grasp of foundational concepts is essential for understanding more complex theories or events.Building a Strong FoundationBuilding a strong foundation of basic knowledge is like constructing a sturdy house. Just as a house needs a solid foundation to support its framework, a student needs a strong understanding of basic concepts to support their learning in a subject. Without a strong foundation, it becomes challenging to progress in the subject and build upon existing knowledge. This is why it is crucial for students to master basic concepts before moving on to more advanced topics.Enhancing Critical Thinking SkillsBasic knowledge plays a key role in developing critical thinking skills. Critical thinking involves analyzing and evaluating information to make informed decisions. By mastering basic concepts in a subject, students can develop the cognitive skills necessary to think critically and solve problems effectively. Basic knowledge serves as a framework for developing higher-level thinking skills, such as analysis, synthesis, and evaluation.Improving Learning OutcomesHaving a solid foundation of basic knowledge can significantly improve learning outcomes. Students who understand fundamental concepts in a subject are better equipped to grasp new information and apply it to different situations. Additionally, a strong understanding of basic knowledge can boost confidence and motivation, leading to improved academic performance. By investing time and effort in mastering fundamental concepts, students can set themselves up for success in the subject.ConclusionIn conclusion, basic knowledge is the foundation upon which academic success is built. By understanding fundamental concepts in a subject, students can enhance their critical thinking skills, improve learning outcomes, and set themselves up for success. It is essential for students to prioritize mastering basic knowledge before delving into more advanced topics. With a strong foundation of basic knowledge, students can build upon existing knowledge and excel in any subject they choose to pursue.篇2Title: The Importance of Basic Knowledge in Learning a SubjectIntroductionThe foundation of every subject lies in its basic knowledge. Whether it is mathematics, science, history, or any other subject, having a solid understanding of the fundamentals is crucial for success. In this essay, we will discuss the importance of basic knowledge in learning a subject and how it forms the building blocks for further learning and comprehension.Why Basic Knowledge MattersBasic knowledge forms the foundation of learning any subject. Without a strong grasp of the basics, it is difficult to progress further and build upon that knowledge. For example, in mathematics, understanding basic operations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division is essential for solving more complex problems. Similarly, in science, having a clear understanding of basic concepts such as the scientific method and the laws of physics is necessary for conducting experiments and making scientific observations.Furthermore, basic knowledge provides a framework for organizing and remembering new information. Just like abuilding needs a strong foundation to support its structure, having a solid understanding of the basics allows students to make connections between new concepts and previously learned information. This not only aids in comprehension but also in retention of the material.The Role of Basic Knowledge in Problem-SolvingBasic knowledge plays a crucial role in problem-solving. When faced with a challenging question or task, students can draw upon their foundational knowledge to guide their thinking and approach the problem in a systematic way. For instance, in language learning, understanding basic grammar rules is essential for constructing sentences and communicating effectively. Without this knowledge, students may struggle to convey their thoughts coherently.Moreover, basic knowledge allows students to identify errors and misconceptions in their thinking. By having a solid understanding of the fundamentals, students can recognize when their reasoning is flawed and take steps to correct their mistakes. This self-correction process is essential for deepening understanding and improving cognitive skills.Building Blocks for Advanced LearningBasic knowledge serves as the building blocks for advanced learning. Just as a house is constructed brick by brick, learning a subject requires a step-by-step approach starting with the basics. Once students have mastered the foundational concepts, they can progress to more complex topics and delve deeper into the subject matter. Without a strong understanding of the basics, students may struggle to grasp advanced concepts and may become overwhelmed by the complexity of the material.Furthermore, basic knowledge provides a roadmap for further learning. By establishing a solid foundation, students can navigate through the subject more effectively and make connections between different concepts. This holistic understanding of the subject allows students to see the bigger picture and appreciate how each piece fits into the larger puzzle.ConclusionIn conclusion, basic knowledge is essential for learning any subject. It forms the foundation upon which further learning is built, provides a framework for organizing information, aids in problem-solving, and serves as the building blocks for advanced learning. By emphasizing the importance of mastering the basics, students can develop a strong foundation of knowledge that willsupport their learning journey and enable them to achieve academic success.篇3The Importance of Basic Knowledge in Learning a SubjectBasic knowledge serves as the foundation for learning any subject. Without a solid understanding of fundamental concepts and principles, it can be challenging to grasp more advanced topics and make meaningful connections. Whether it's in mathematics, science, language arts, or any other academic discipline, having a strong grasp of basic knowledge is essential for success.In mathematics, for example, students must first master basic arithmetic operations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division before moving on to more complex concepts like algebra, geometry, and calculus. Similarly, in science, students need to understand the fundamental principles of physics, chemistry, and biology in order to tackle more advanced topics like thermodynamics, organic chemistry, or genetics.Basic knowledge not only provides a solid foundation for learning new material but also helps students develop criticalthinking skills, problem-solving abilities, and analytical reasoning. By mastering basic concepts, students can more easily identify patterns, make connections between ideas, and apply their knowledge to real-world situations.Furthermore, basic knowledge can boost students' confidence and motivation in learning a subject. When students feel confident in their understanding of basic concepts, they are more likely to take on new challenges, explore different avenues of learning, and push themselves to achieve higher levels of mastery.In language arts, for instance, students who have a strong grasp of grammar, vocabulary, and reading comprehension are better equipped to analyze complex texts, write coherent essays, and engage in meaningful discussions with their peers. By building a solid foundation in basic language skills, students can communicate effectively, think critically, and express their ideas with clarity and precision.In conclusion, basic knowledge plays a crucial role in learning any subject. By mastering fundamental concepts and principles, students can build a strong foundation for academic success, develop critical thinking skills, and enhance their confidence and motivation. Therefore, educators shouldprioritize teaching and reinforcing basic knowledge in their classrooms to help students reach their full potential and achieve excellence in their chosen fields of study.。
商务英语培训课件
Listening and Speaking Practice
01
Role playing exercises
The course provides role playing exercises that allow students to practice their listening and speaking skills in a simulated business environment
Communication Skills
Effective communication in Business English requires clear and consensus expression, active listening, and the ability to express opinions and negotiate effectively
Writing Skills and Training
Learning effective writing techniques
Learners will learn effective writing techniques, including outliers, paraphrasing, and editing their writing to ensure clarity and accuracy
Feedback and evaluation
The course will provide feedback and evaluation on learners' reading and writing skills, helping them identify areas where they need to improve and provide suggestions for improvement
有一个坚实的基础知识很重要英语作文
有一个坚实的基础知识很重要英语作文Having a Solid Foundation of Knowledge is Really Important!Hi there! My name is Jamie and I'm 10 years old. Today I want to talk to you about why having a strong foundation of knowledge is super duper important. It's one of those things that a lot of grown-ups like to say, but it's true!Let me start by explaining what I mean by a "foundation of knowledge." It's kind of like the base or foundation you build a house on. Without a solid foundation, the whole house could crumble or fall apart. Well, your brain is like that house, and your foundation of knowledge is what you build everything else on top of.Your foundation starts getting built from the moment you are born through all the things you learn as a little kid. Things like learning to talk, read, write, and do basic math. You learn about the world around you, how to interact with others, and basic facts about all sorts of subjects.This early learning forms the bedrock, the super solid base, that all your future learning is built upon. It's why kids spend so many years in elementary school - we are constructing that critical foundation bit by bit.Now here's the really important part: If you don't have a strong, broad foundation, it's really hard to learn more advanced things later on. It's like trying to build a giant skyscraper on a crummy old foundation - it just won't work! The whole thing could come crashing down.On the other hand, when you have a bulletproof foundation from years of learning the basics, you can just keep stacking knowledge on top of knowledge. The higher you build, the stabler the whole structure gets. Wild, right?Let me give you some examples of why a solid knowledge foundation is so vital:Reading & Writing: If you struggle with reading and writing skills from an early age, pretty much every other subject becomes wayyyy harder. How can you learn science, history, or math if you can't really understand the books or instructions? Weak reading and writing makes learning anything a zillion times harder.Math Basics: You've got to start with arithmetic, working with numbers, fractions, etc. If you don't have that base, then algebra, geometry, calculus - forget it! It's like trying to run before you can even walk. The higher level math builds directly on what you first learn in elementary school.General Knowledge: Having a broad base of general knowledge about the world, different cultures, how stuff works, and so on makes learning any specific topic much easier. It's the difference between hiking up a mountain from the very bottom versus being dropped off halfway up. Which one would you pick?Here are some other reasons why focus on building that early foundation:• It gives you confidence as a learner from an early age• You discover areas you naturally excel at or are passionate about• M aking connections between ideas comes much more naturally• You're設備成為an independent learner and problem solver over time• Learning becomes more fun and engaging, rather than a chorePretty convincing reasons, right? Hopefully you're starting to see why your teachers, parents, and other adults constantly harp on getting those fundamentals down pat from Day 1. Because they know firsthand how crazy important it is!Let me circle back with an example about my own learning experience so far:When I started elementary school, I'll be honest - I wasn't a great reader at first. I found it kind of boring and avoided it when I could. My parents and teachers really worked with me on phonics, reading simple books, building my vocabulary, and spending time reading together.At first, I kind of resisted because I wanted to just go play video games instead. But after really focusing on it for a couple years, BOOM, it finally clicked! Reading became easy and way more interesting when I could understand everything. I was constructing that crucial reading foundation.Now that I've got reading down, learning things like social studies is 100x easier. When we learn about ancient civilizations, I can truly understand and engage with the material because my reading is solid. I'm not getting hung up on every other word or sentence.The same goes for math - my fundamentals are pretty strong now after lots of practice. So learning more advanced stuff isn't nearly as hard when you can rely on that base of knowledge.Does this make sense? I know examples always help me understand things better.Anyways, I could go on and on, but I think you get the picture. Starting from a super young age, we are building the foundation stone by stone. If you half-bake it or skip steps along the way, learning stuff later becomes an uphill battle. Gaps in your foundation cause you tostrugle and open up cracks where knowledge doesn't stick as well.That's why core subjects like reading, writing, math, science, social studies and so on are drilled into our brains for years and years as kids. It can definitely feel repetitive and boring at times. But it's setting us up for huge success and continuous learning for the rest of our lives!So to all you other kids out there - listen up! Pay close attention and work hard on building an uber-solid foundation while you're still in elementary school. It might not seem important or fun now, but trust me, you'll be zoing past everyone else before you know it.A strong foundation for your personal Empire State Building of knowledge lets you just keep building taller and taller. You've got to walk before you can run, right? Let's get that base built upnice and sturdy so we can construct some awesomely tall skyscrapers of knowledge!Who's with me Let's get building!。
《初中趣味英语》课件
Grammar in context
Unit 3: Exploring the World of Sports
Sports related vocabulary and expressions
Listening comprehension activities
Grammar review and practice
Sports related vocabulary and expressions
Listening comprehension activities
Grammar review and practice
Utilizing PowerPoint presentations to corporate visuals, audio, and interactive elements for a more engaging learning experience
Multimedia Approach
Implementing practical and meaningful tasks that require students to actively participate and apply their language skills
Task Based Learning
Encouraging students to work together in groups to complete tasks, share ideas, and learn from each other
Collaborative Learning
Introducing innovative and engaging activities such as role plays, games, and simulations to make learning more enjoyable and effective
酒店管理专业英文自我介绍范文
酒店管理专业英文自我介绍范文自我介绍不仅仅是介绍自己,也是一次在考官面前展示自我的机会。
下面是小编收集整理的酒店管理专业英文自我介绍范文,希望能帮到你。
酒店管理专业英文自我介绍范文1 "When I left college, I wanted to go into hotel and cateringwork so I took up a position as a receptionistto learn some front of house skills.Working for a chain of hotels opened up opportunities and I was accepted as a junior manager after 2 years and was promoted to Front of House Manager after another year. I then moved to a more prestigioushotel within the group as Assistant Manager reporting to the General Manager and was there for 2 years gaining really good experience in budgeting and financial management, planning, organising and directing all hotel services, including front-of-house: reception, concierge, reservations, food and beverageoperations and housekeeping.I held full responsibility for staff management and motivation, food control and sales, wine and liquorstocks, including the planning and coordinating of menus, being very experienced and capable of advising customers on menu and winechoice. I am also acknowledged as being very good at meeting and greeting customers and organising table reservations.After another 2 years I accepted a position as Deputy Manager of a privately owned, 400 year old convertedYorkshire farmhouse set in 80 acres on the edge of the Yorkshire Wolds specialising in the highest levels of customer care and personal service with 14 guest bedrooms, 3 self catering cottages, conference and event facilities for up to 85 guests and a Farmhouse Restaurant &Bar for up to 55 guests.I have been fully accountable for the business performance of restaurants which involved analysing and planning restaurant sales levels and maintaining profitabilityand preparing regular reports for management. I have organised rotas for all departments i.e. Housekeeping, Reception Weddings and Events and the Restaurant which covers breakfasts, lunches, conferences and dinners. I have also instigatedand implemented a direct marketing strategy to increase sales leading to significant improvements in the Restaurant business;I maximised sales revenues through up-selling and planning of marketing programmes.So, when I saw your advert for the General Manager's position I was really excited as I had just started to thinkabout looking for a similar role and I am confident of having the Hotel and Catering management skills and experience that you require. As I mentioned, I am extensively experienced in the trade, which includes front of house, restaurants, bar and functions management. With my excellent organizational ability and interpersonal skills I run operations efficiently and profitably, and provide the highest levels of customer service, in fact I was 2010 winner in the Real Welcome category of the Welcome to Yorkshire Tourism Awards."酒店管理专业英文自我介绍范文2Good afternoon, Everyone! I am XX. And I am 23 years old. My previous job was a Front Office Supervisor. During the three years when I was working, I also majored Tourism and Hotel Management in the local radio broadcasting and television college. I like this job very much and I like to deal with different guests every day. I hope I can have this chance to one of the members in this hotel. Thank you so much to share my brief introductions.酒店管理专业英文自我介绍范文 3 My name is xxx. I'm xx(years old). I was born at Shaanxi Province. I'm very proud of being here to meet you. Then I will introduce myself brifely.I graduated from Repast Administration Department,Xi'an Foreign Affairs College. During the past 二 years I got manybasic professional knowledge. I like singing,drawing(painting). As far as I'm concered I am honest optimistic person and I could work under some pressure. That's all !Thank you !酒店管理专业英文自我介绍范文4 Hello / Good morning / Good afternoon, everyone. (各位好。
星级酒店基本饮料知识
water
100年来美国贵族的推荐。“盛棠”神秘美 泉在14世纪被美国东岸的贵族们在萨拉 托加镇发现。到17世纪,品“盛棠”美泉、 赌马、享受女皇SPA,成为东岸贵族和名 流之士重要的社交活动。 1872年,“盛棠”成功生产美国第一 瓶瓶装泉水,随后“盛棠”天然泉水很快成 为了早期白宫的泉水供应商。
Range 范围
I Soft drinks I 软饮料
II Beer III Tea IV Coffee
II 啤酒 III 茶 IV 咖啡
Soft drink 软饮料
碳酸饮料 Mineral Water 矿泉水
碳酸饮料是一种被充入二氧化碳气体 的软饮料,也就是我们生活中常说的 汽水。之前有研究称,长期饮用碳酸 饮料非常容易引起肥胖和糖尿病;碳 酸饮料中的磷酸会潜移默化地影响人 体骨骼,导致骨质疏松等。
Soft drink 软饮料
Sparkling Mineral Water
Perrier 巴黎水
Perrier是法国有气矿泉水的品 牌,水源为法国南部的加尔省。 气泡十分丰富,被誉为“水中香槟"!
Soft drink 软饮料
Sparkling Mineral
San Pellegrino 山普利奴
碳酸饮料
干姜水 苏打水 汤力水
Soft drink 软饮料
Mineral Water 矿泉水
Still mineral water 不带气的矿泉水 Sparkling mineral water 带气的矿泉水
在地底纵深处,被地质岩层所捕获 的火山气体与地底下的泉水相遇而 混合,接着泉水在持续的压力和恒 温(华氏60度)状态下缓慢地上升,最 终在地表形成了一潭冰凉、冒泡的 清泉。
个人简介的英文怎么写
个人简介的英文怎么写英语个人简介在现代社会中已经变得尤为重要,那么你知道英文个人简历应该怎么写吗?下面由店铺为你提供的个人简介的英文版,希望能帮到你。
个人简介的英文版(一)RESUMEPersonal Information:Name: Hu xiao-lu Sex: MaleDate of Birth: Dec. 28th, 1989 Native Place: Meishan Sichuan, P.R.ChinaHealth: GoodP.R.China 617000Tel:+86155****9277(MP),E-mail: ****************Marital Status: Unmarried Address: College of Biology and Chemical Engineering, Panzhihua University, Panzhihua.Objective:Exploitation on teaching, management or research in university or academy;Education: 2008.9――2012.6 Sichuan University Bachelor in Biology chemical engineeringPractice Experiences:1997.7――2002.9 Panzhihua University Teacher as instructor in chemical engineeringdepartment, engaging in courses teaching, experimental teaching and thesis instructing, etc.2002.9――2006.10 Participate in many projects and designs, have four-year experiencesSummary of Abilities:Be familiar with basic knowledge and principle of metallurgical engineering and chemicalengineering, and be skillful in using Microsoft Office, Origin, Jade, XRD, GC, particle sizeanalyzer software and instruments, etc.Be accomplished in science research and design.Passed CET-4 and CET-6, fluent in English (reading/writing/listening/speaking), especially inspecial English on chemical engineering and process.Self-valuation:Sureness, honest, able-minded, laborious, could cooperate with others well, have strong ability ofpractice.Project List:Synthesis Mechanism and Properties of TiO2 with Ordered Mesoporous Structure through TitaniumSulfate Hydrolysis Process Induced by Supermolecular Template (Chinese Natural NationalFoundation, 50474071)Preparation of nanometer titania via crystal aberration in high density ultrasonic field and thermaldecomposition (Chinese Natural National Foundation, 50274056)Preparation of lithium ion rechargeable battery using cobalt instead of manganese (Sichuanprovince basic application foundation, 02GY029-031)Preparation of No. II preservative agent of Mango (Panzhihua importance science & technologytackle key problem foundation, 20011-21 )Basic academic study of SO42-,Cl- on deposition andcrystallization of nickelcarbonate (Jinchuan aggregative Co. Ltd. (Sichuan University, 04H433) )Preparation of sub-micronmeter high purity orbicular nickel powder (Jinchuan aggregative Co.个人简介的英文版(二)Name:years age: 21At present in zhongshan years age: 31Registered permanent residence is in: maoming countries record: ChinaMarital status: single people race: hanTalent type: studentsApplied position: the settlement member:, project supervision:, the builder:Term: 1 post says:Job types: internships available date: a monthMonthly salary requirements: 1500-2000 hope work areas: guangzhou, shenzhen, dongguanWork experienceGuangzhou Pepsi beverage company start-stop years: 2011- 2010-03The company properties: a wholly foreign owned by sector: fast moving consumer goods (food, drink, the cosmetics) Education backgroundGraduate school: guangdong construction of vocational technical collegeThe highest degree: college degree: graduation date: 2012-A special industry: engineering supervision designed industry 2:Starting years years (institution) terminated school field obtain the certificate certificate NumbersLanguage abilityForeign languages: English general cantonese level: goodOther foreign language ability:Mandarin level: generallyAbility to work and other specialtyEmphasize teamwork spirit! The team cooperation consciousness strongly!Warm and cheerful, honest steady, strong self-confidence, and have a strong collective sense of honor and responsibility Positive and optimistic view the world, face the life of setbacks and sufferingHobbies network technology, sports, chess, like making friends个人简介的英文版(三)Good afternoon .I am of great hornor to stand here and introduce myself to you .First of all ,my english name is ...and my chinese name is ..If you are going to have a job interview ,you must say much things which can show your willness to this job ,such as ,it is my long cherished dream to be ...and I am eager to get an oppertunity to do...and then give some examples which can give evidence to .then you can say something about your hobbies .and it is best that the hobbies have something do with the job.What is more important is do not forget to communicate with the interviewee,keeping a smile and keeping your talks interesting and funny can contribute to the success. I hope you will give them a wonderfull speech .Good luck to you !。
《导游英语》课程标准
《导游英语》课程标准2023年10月目录一、课程信息 (1)二、课程性质与任务 (1)(一)课程性质 (1)(二)课程任务 (1)三、课程目标与要求 (2)(一)课程目标 (2)(二)课程要求 (4)四、课程结构与内容 (4)(一)教学内容选择与组织原则 (5)(二)教学内容组织构架 (7)五、学生考核与评价 (9)六、教学实施与保障 (10)(一)教学实施 (10)1.教学理念 (10)2.教学模式 (11)3.教学方法与手段 (12)4.学法 (13)5.教学实施过程 (13)(二)教学实施保障 (15)1.师资保障 (15)2.教学资源保障 (16)一、课程信息课程名称:导游英语学时:64学分:4适用专业:旅游英语,旅游管理,导游二、课程性质与任务(一)课程性质《导游英语》课程是高职旅游管理专业、旅游英语专业主要专业课程之一,目标是着重培养学生在涉外旅游及其服务领域等工作岗位中所需语言交流的英语听说能力,是从事旅游业服务工作的一门必修课。
旅游英语课程旨在培养学生正确使用英语为外国游客服务,具有用流利的口语向外国游客介绍我国灿烂的文化和丰富多彩的民风民俗以及从事旅游服务交际的能力。
强调培养学生适应导游、导购、旅游管理、商务陪同考察和餐饮服务等工作岗位的英语实际应用能力。
本课程以英语基础知识的学习为基础,培养学生的综合素养、人文知识,与诸如《导游实务》、《商务英语》、《英语视听说》等课程有着密切联系。
(二)课程任务本课程的主要任务是引领学生熟悉旅游行业从业人员境外旅游典型的工作过程中的英语交接场景,围绕着交际场景中的工作任务,以培养学生运用英语处理旅游接洽合作、接团准备、迎接服务、入住服务、餐饮服务、参观游览服务、购物娱乐服务、送团服务、客服工作等相关旅游业务能力。
目的是能够让学生掌握导游业务基础知识,熟悉用英语开展境外旅游线路设计,解说词编创、景区展馆讲解,海外领队服务,产品营销,处理投诉、安全事件以及应对突发状况,涉外游览场所的网络运维等,并且具备运用英语进行涉外导游业务的表达、交流与沟通。
获取基础知识的重要性英文作文中间
获取基础知识的重要性英文作文中间The Importance of Acquiring Fundamental KnowledgeKnowledge is the foundation upon which we build our understanding of the world around us. It is the accumulated information, facts, and insights that we use to navigate our lives and make sense of the complexities of the modern world. In today's rapidly evolving landscape, where information is readily available at our fingertips, it is easy to overlook the importance of acquiring fundamental knowledge. However, this basic understanding is crucial for personal growth, professional development, and the advancement of society as a whole.One of the primary reasons why fundamental knowledge is so vital is that it provides a solid framework for learning and understanding more complex concepts. When we have a strong grasp of the basic principles and theories in a particular field, we are better equipped to comprehend and apply more advanced ideas. This is especially true in the fields of science, mathematics, and technology, where the foundational concepts are the building blocks for more sophisticated applications.For example, a student who has a deep understanding of the principles of physics will be better able to grasp the complexities of quantum mechanics or astrophysics. Similarly, a business professional who has a solid grounding in economics and finance will be better equipped to navigate the intricacies of global markets and make informed decisions. In both cases, the fundamental knowledge serves as a springboard for further learning and growth.Moreover, acquiring fundamental knowledge is not just about academic achievement or professional success; it also plays a crucial role in our personal development and decision-making. When we have a solid understanding of subjects like history, literature, and philosophy, we are better able to make sense of the world around us, to think critically about complex issues, and to form our own informed opinions. This, in turn, can lead to more meaningful and fulfilling lives, as we are able to engage with the world in a more thoughtful and nuanced way.One of the key benefits of fundamental knowledge is its transferability. The skills and insights we gain from learning the basics in one area can often be applied to other domains, allowing us to make connections and draw insights that might not be immediately apparent. For instance, the critical thinking skills developed through the study of literature can be invaluable in problem-solving in the workplace, while the logical reasoning skillshoned in mathematics can be applied to decision-making in our personal lives.Furthermore, the acquisition of fundamental knowledge is not just about individual growth; it also has broader societal implications. When a population is well-educated and has a strong grasp of the fundamental principles that underpin our world, it is better equipped to tackle complex challenges, drive innovation, and make informed decisions that can benefit the greater good. This is particularly crucial in an era where we are facing global issues such as climate change, economic instability, and social inequity, all of which require a deep understanding of the underlying factors at play.In conclusion, the importance of acquiring fundamental knowledge cannot be overstated. It provides a solid foundation for learning and growth, enhances our personal development and decision-making, and has far-reaching implications for the advancement of society as a whole. As we navigate the ever-changing landscape of the 21st century, it is essential that we prioritize the acquisition of this basic understanding, and work to instill a love of learning and a deep appreciation for the power of knowledge in ourselves and in future generations.。
Basic English of Bar酒吧常用英语词汇
酒吧专业术语Basic English of Bar一、用具Toolsbar 酒吧counter 吧台bar chair 酒吧椅barman 酒吧男招待barmaid 酒吧女招待bottle opener 开瓶刀corkscrew 酒钻ice shaver 削冰器ice maker 制冰机ice bucket 小冰桶ice tongs 冰勺夹ice scoop 冰勺cocktail shaker 调酒器pouring measure 量酒器juice extractor 果汁榨汁机electric blender 电动搅拌机water jug 水壶champagne bucket 香槟桶cup杯straw 吸管decanter 酒壶mixing glasses 调酒杯beer mug 啤酒杯champagne glass 香槟杯measuring jug 量杯wine glass 葡萄酒杯brandy glass 白兰地杯tumbler 平底无脚酒杯goblet 高脚杯tapering glass 圆锥形酒杯二、装饰Garnishcherry 樱桃lemon 柠檬clove 丁香pineapple 菠萝onion 洋葱strawberry 草莓olive 橄榄cucumber 黄瓜mint 薄荷grapefruit 西柚grape 葡萄soda water 苏打水rice wine 黄酒appetizer 餐前葡萄酒Martini Rosso Blanco, Dry 马丁尼红/干/白Gin 金酒Gordon's 哥顿Rum 郎姆酒Bacardi 百家得Vodka 伏特加Smirnoff 皇冠Whisky 威士忌Calvados 苹果酒Glenfiddich 格兰菲迪Bailey's 比利酒Budweiser 百威啤Beck's 贝克啤Carlsberg 嘉士伯啤Guinness 健力士啤三、饮料drinkmineral water 矿泉水orange juice 桔子原汁orangeade, orange squash 桔子水lemon juice 柠檬原汁lemonade 柠檬水beer 啤酒white wine 白葡萄酒red wine 红葡萄酒claret 波尔多红葡萄酒cider 苹果酒champagne 香槟酒cocktail l鸡尾酒liqueur 白酒,烧酒shaohsing wine 绍兴酒yellow wine 黄酒vodka 伏特加whisky 威士忌brandy 白兰地cognac 法国白兰地gin 琴酒gin flzz 杜松子酒martini 马提尼酒coke, coca cola 可口可乐pepsi cola 百事可乐sprite 雪碧cold drink冷饮sundae 圣代strawberry ice cream草莓冰激凌fruit punch水果混合饮料hot drink 热饮fruit pudding 水果布丁四、基础酒水介绍Basic Beverage Introduce(1)Base:鸡尾酒基酒。
大学英语第一课详解
Writing skills
Listening and speaking
Practice listening comprehension and fluent speaking in different contexts
Course content
Theory and practice
Integrate theory and practical exercises to enhance learning outcomes
Pronunciation correction
03
02
01
04
English writing exercises
Paragraph development
The ability to organize ideas into coherent paragraphs is critical for effective writing Paragraphs should have a clear topic presence, supporting presence, and a conclusion presence that ties everything together
Vocabulary usage
A rich vocabulary can enhance written expression It is important to choose precise words that consider meaning effectively
托业词汇
calculation calculator calendar campaign cancel cancellation candidacy candidate capability capacious capacity capital capitalize capsize captain career careless cargo carnival carrier carry-on carsick cash register cashier cast casual cater cause cautious cease celebrate celebration celebrity cell phone censorship certificate certification certify chain chain store chair chairman
beverage training PPT
Wine by glass
杯装葡萄酒的服务标准
1 确认并重复客人的点单(年份,葡萄品种,酒庄名称 2 取酒 3 展示 4 试酒 5 倒酒(150毫升) 6 一瓶酒可倒4杯
spirits
Whiskey 威士忌 Cognac 干邑 Gin 金酒 Rum 朗姆酒 Vodka 伏特加 Tequila
Aperitif
起泡酒和香槟酒服务标准
1 确认并重复客人的点单(年份,葡萄品种,酒庄名称) 2 准备冰冻香槟杯,服务口布,大冰桶(冰和水各2分之1) 3 取酒(从酒水冷藏柜子) 4 展示酒(酒标冲向客人,再次重复客人所点的酒) 6 开酒 7 试酒(给主人试酒,少量) 8 服务酒(顺时针,女士优先,主人将最后一个被服务倒酒 9 时刻将酒放置冰桶里,商标冲上,冰桶不要离开客人视线
咖啡喝西式茶的服务标准
Coffee selection
Tea selection
Regular coffee Espresso
cappuccino
Latte
English breakfast tea Peppermint tea Earl tea Chamomile
咖啡的服务标准
咖啡 咖啡生长气候温暖,潮湿的地方,两种主要类型的咖啡种植地点是是罗布斯塔 和阿拉比卡. 罗布斯塔,主要来自巴西,印尼,印度,非洲,越南、菲律宾和泰国。它有一个完整的 身体的味道,并将比阿拉比卡咖啡生长的海拔低。阿拉比卡,通常被认为是高 质量的往往是中美洲和南美洲,非洲东部、巴布亚新几内亚。全球供应约32%罗 布斯塔和68%阿拉比卡
Beer
低酒精(通常是按重量最多5%的酒精) 啤酒是由麦芽酿造与酵母混合发酵而成,我们大致分为本地啤酒和进口啤酒
两种,啤酒是在冰箱里冷藏保存的
用例子说明获得基础知识的重要性英语作文
用例子说明获得基础知识的重要性英语作文The Importance of Acquiring Basic Knowledge through ExamplesIntroductionBasic knowledge forms the foundation for our understanding of various subjects and disciplines. It is essential for us to grasp the fundamentals before we can delve into more complex topics. One effective way to acquire basic knowledge is through examples. In this article, we will explore the importance of using examples to gain basic knowledge in different fields.Importance of Using Examples in Learning1. Enhance Understanding: Examples help to clarify abstract concepts and make them more tangible and relatable. By providing real-life instances, examples demonstrate how theoretical ideas are applied in practice. This helps learners to grasp the concepts more easily and effectively.For instance, in mathematics, solving equations can be a challenging task for many students. By using real-world examples such as calculating the area of a rectangular field or finding the volume of a cube, students can better understand the principles of algebra and geometry.2. Improve Retention: Research has shown that people are more likely to remember information when it is presented in the form of examples. Examples create a visual image in the mind, which enhances memory retention. By associating key concepts with specific examples, learners can recall the information more easily when needed.For example, in biology, students may study the structure of a cell and its organelles. By using examples such as comparing a cell to a factory with different departments performing specific functions, students are more likely to remember the functions of the cell organelles.3. Foster Critical Thinking: Examples encourage learners to analyze and evaluate information critically. By presenting different scenarios and contexts, examples challenge students to think creatively and apply their knowledge to solve problems. This fosters a deeper understanding of the subject matter and develops analytical skills.For instance, in history, studying the causes of a particular event such as World War II requires students to critically analyze various factors and draw connections between them. By using examples from different historical contexts, students can develop a nuanced understanding of the complexities of history.4. Encourage Application: Examples enable learners to apply their knowledge in practical situations. By demonstrating how theories and concepts are used in real-life scenarios, examples prepare students to tackle challenges and make informed decisions in their professional lives. This practical application reinforces learning and enhances skill development.For example, in economics, understanding the concept of supply and demand is crucial for making business decisions. By using examples such as analyzing the price fluctuations of a commodity in the market, students can apply economic principles to real-world situations and develop a strategic mindset.ConclusionIn conclusion, examples play a pivotal role in helping individuals acquire basic knowledge in different fields. By enhancing understanding, improving retention, fostering critical thinking, and encouraging application, examples provide a strong foundation for learning. As educators and learners, we should recognize the significance of using examples as a powerful tool for knowledge acquisition. By incorporating examples into our learning strategies, we can enhance ourunderstanding of complex subjects and develop essential skills for success in various fields.。
用例子说明获得基础知识的重要性英语作文
The Importance of Acquiring BasicKnowledgeIn the fast-paced and increasingly complex world of today, the significance of acquiring basic knowledge cannot be overstated. Basic knowledge serves as the foundation for further learning and understanding, enabling individuals to navigate through life's challenges and opportunities with greater ease and confidence.Firstly, basic knowledge is crucial for problem-solving. Whether it's a mathematical equation, a scientific experiment, or a historical event, having a solid grasp of the fundamentals allows us to approach problems frommultiple angles and find innovative solutions. For instance, a student with a strong foundation in mathematics will be able to apply their knowledge to solve real-world problems, such as calculating the optimal route for a delivery truckor predicting market trends based on statistical data.Secondly, basic knowledge broadens our horizons and enhances our understanding of the world. By learning about different cultures, historical events, and scientific principles, we gain a deeper appreciation for the diversityand complexity of human existence. This, in turn, helps us to develop a more tolerant and inclusive attitude, promoting social cohesion and mutual understanding. For example, studying world history can teach us about the diverse experiences and perspectives of people from different backgrounds, fostering a sense of empathy and understanding towards others.Moreover, basic knowledge is essential for personal and professional growth. In today's knowledge-based economy, employers increasingly value candidates who possess a broad range of skills and knowledge. Having a solid foundation in various disciplines makes individuals more versatile and adaptable to changes in the workplace. Additionally, continuous learning and the pursuit of knowledge can lead to personal fulfillment and a sense of accomplishment.In conclusion, the importance of acquiring basic knowledge cannot be underestimated. It is the cornerstone of problem-solving, cultural understanding, and personal and professional growth. As we navigate through the complexities of the modern world, it is crucial to investin our fundamental knowledge and continue to seek learningopportunities that broaden our horizons and enrich our lives.**获得基础知识的重要性**在快节奏且日益复杂的当今世界中,获取基础知识的重要性不容忽视。
掌握扎实的基础知识的重要性英文作文
掌握扎实的基础知识的重要性英文作文The Importance of Having a Strong FoundationHi there! My name is Emily and I'm a 4th grader at Oakwood Elementary School. Today, I want to talk to you about something that I think is really important - having a strong foundation of basic knowledge.What do I mean by a strong foundation? I'm talking about all of those fundamental skills and concepts that we start learning from a very young age. Things like reading, writing, math facts, grammar rules, science basics, and so on. This foundational knowledge gives us the building blocks we need for pretty much everything else we'll learn as we get older.Let me give you some examples of why a strong foundation matters so much:Reading and WritingBeing able to read and write well is absolutely critical for doing well in school...and in life! If you can't read fluently and understand what you're reading, how are you supposed to learn history, science, literature, and every other subject? Reading comprehension is the key that unlocks knowledge.And writing allows us to clearly communicate our thoughts and ideas to others. Can you imagine trying to write a book report, essay, email or any other piece of writing without basic writing abilities? It would be really tough.From the day we start learning the alphabet and phonics rules as little kids, we are laying the groundational reading and writing skills that we'll build upon for years to come. That initial foundation is so valuable.Math FundamentalsJust like reading and writing, having a solid grasp of basic math facts and concepts is hugely important. If you don't know your addition, subtraction, multiplication and division facts down cold, it's going to be an uphill battle to learn higher level math.Think about it - how can you study algebra or geometry if you don't have automaticity with fundamentals like:• 6 x 8 = 48• 62 - 17 = 45• 120 ÷ 4 = 30More advanced math just builds upon the basics that came before. Fractions, decimals, percentages, equations...they allrequire that rock solid foundation of core math facts and skills that get cemented at an early age.Science FoundationsWhat about science? Having a strong grasp of the science basics makes learning more complex scientific concepts so much easier as we get older.For example, we start learning about plants, animals, ecosystems, weather and the solar system when we're in elementary school. Those lessons form the fundamental understanding of biology, earth science, and general scientific principles. From those building blocks, we can then dive deeper into more specific areas like chemistry, physics, human anatomy, geology and beyond.Just imagine trying to learn about molecular biology or quantum physics without first understanding core ideas like:• The basic needs of living organisms• The difference between solids, liquids and gases• What a cell is• The relationship between the Earth, Moon and SunIt would be incredibly difficult! That's why building a solid science foundation from an early age is the smart way to prepare for more advanced science topics later on.Those are just a few examples, but I could go on and on. The point is, essentially ALL of the knowledge and skills we gain as we get older has its roots in the foundational basics we first learn as young students.History, geography, grammar, vocabulary, computer skills, art concepts...you name it. The earlier we master those core foundations, the easier it will be to expand our knowledge in those areas as we progress through upper grade levels.So how can we make sure we really learn and retain those fundamental building blocks? Here are some of my best tips:• Pay close attention and work hard when you're first introduced to new concepts, even if they seem simple at the time. Those basics are crucially important!• Ask questions if you're confused about something. Don't let yourself move on without understanding the foundations.• Practice, practice, practice those core skills regularly. Things like math facts, spelling rules, grammar concepts and so on need repetition.• Find ways to make building those foundations kind of fun, like with educational games, songs/rhymes, or rewards systems.• Be patient with yourself. Everyone learns at their own pace, so don't get discouraged if it takes a while for the basics to really stick.If you make an effort early on to build a strong foundational knowledge base, I promise it will pay off huge in the long run. It will make learning so much easier as you encounter more advanced and complex topics and concepts later in life.Just like you need a solid foundation to build a house, you need a solid foundation to build your knowledge! Those early basics may sometimes seem boring compared to the exciting stuff that comes later, but trust me, they are absolutely essential.Mastering reading, writing, math, science, and all of the core foundations sets you up for success in the future. A house built on a weak foundation won't stand strong, and neither will your learning if you don't take the time to lay that solid foundational base.As kids, we're luck y to have amazing teachers who understand how important it is to get those basics down pat early on. But we have to do our part too by working hard, stayingfocused, and taking pride in building that strong knowledge foundation.With dedication, it's absolutely something every kid is capable of. Just imagine how unstoppable you'll be as you get older and can just keep layering more and more learning on top of your rock solid foundations!So what do you think? Are you ready to put in the effort to be a real master of the fundamentals that will power your learning for years and years to come? I know I am! Let's make it a priority to build unshakable foundations so we can keep expanding our knowledge further and further. The possibilities are endless when you have that base!。
基础知识扎实的重要性英语作文
基础知识扎实的重要性英语作文The Importance of a Solid Foundation of KnowledgeIn today's rapidly evolving world, the importance of a solid foundation of knowledge cannot be overstated. As we navigate the complexities of life, education, and the workforce, the ability to draw upon a comprehensive understanding of fundamental concepts and principles serves as a crucial asset. Whether we are striving to excel in our studies, pursuing a professional career, or simply seeking to expand our understanding of the world around us, a strong grasp of basic knowledge is the cornerstone upon which we can build our success and growth.One of the primary reasons why a solid foundation of knowledge is so vital is that it provides us with the necessary tools to tackle complex problems and challenges. When we have a deep understanding of the underlying principles and theories that govern various fields of study, we are better equipped to identify patterns, analyze information, and devise effective solutions. This is particularly true in the realms of science, mathematics, and technology, where the ability to apply fundamental concepts is crucial for driving innovation and progress.Moreover, a strong foundation of knowledge serves as a springboard for continuous learning and personal development. As we build upon our existing understanding, we are able to more readily absorb and integrate new information, allowing us to adapt to changing circumstances and stay relevant in an ever-evolving landscape. This adaptability is essential in today's job market, where the demand for skills and knowledge is constantly shifting, and the ability to continuously learn and grow is highly valued by employers.Furthermore, a solid foundation of knowledge enhances our critical thinking and problem-solving skills. When we have a deep understanding of the subject matter, we are better able to evaluate information, identify biases, and make well-informed decisions. This is particularly important in our increasingly complex and information-saturated world, where the ability to discern fact from fiction and navigate through a myriad of competing narratives is crucial.In the realm of education, a strong foundation of knowledge is the bedrock upon which students can build their academic success. When students have a firm grasp of the fundamental concepts and principles in their respective fields of study, they are better equipped to tackle more advanced coursework, engage in meaningful discussions, and excel in their academic pursuits. This, in turn, opensup a world of opportunities for them, from securing admissions to prestigious universities to landing their dream jobs.Beyond the academic and professional realms, a solid foundation of knowledge also contributes to our personal growth and enrichment. By understanding the historical, cultural, and scientific developments that have shaped our world, we can develop a deeper appreciation for the complexity and diversity of human experience. This, in turn, can foster greater empathy, critical thinking, and a more well-rounded perspective on the world around us.In conclusion, the importance of a solid foundation of knowledge cannot be overstated. Whether we are striving to excel in our studies, navigate the complexities of the professional world, or simply seek to expand our understanding of the world, a comprehensive grasp of fundamental concepts and principles serves as a crucial asset. By cultivating a strong foundation of knowledge, we equip ourselves with the tools and skills necessary to tackle challenges, adapt to changing circumstances, and continue to grow and thrive in an ever-evolving world.。
酒水理论知识培训-WINE
汁酿造而成的葡萄酒。白
葡萄酒一般是淡黄或金黄 色,酒液清澈透明,晶亮 美观。
are immediately pressed and the juice is removed from the skins with little contact.
•
tonyE05v9a5n@om
Evan Zhan
果实破碎后,果汁与果
皮、果肉一起发酵,酿
制而成的深红色或鲜红 色葡萄酒。
and body of the grapes. The skins are what give red wine its distinctive color; red wine grapes are red, deep purple, and sometimes even blue. Depending on the grape cultivar and how the wine
• 在发酵期间,酵母把糖份转化为酒精和二氧化碳
• Fruit-based alcoholic beverages Eg: Wine • 水果酿制的含酒精饮料 例如: 葡萄酒
• Grain based alcoholic beverages • Eg: Beer, Chinese rice wine, Sake • 谷类酿制的酒精性饮料 • 例如:啤酒,中国黄酒,日本清酒
climate factors. “Terroir”
Pros 优点
更能在酒中结合土壤气候特 征
• Long tradition and history
悠久历史和传统
• Difficult visibility to the consumers
Cons • 客人不易理解 缺点 • Lots of regulations
三级英语单词概览
1.apply 申请,请求44.attentive 注意的,留神的2.around 在周围,在附近45.attitude 态度,看法,姿势3.arouse 唤醒,激起46.attorney 律师,代理人4.arrange 整理,排列,安排47.attract 吸引,引起5.arrest 逮捕,阻止,吸引48.attractive 有吸引力的,动人的6.arrival 到来,到达49.attribute 属性,品质7.arrive 到达,抵达50.audience 听众,会见8.arrow 箭头,箭头符号51.aunt 舅母,姑母9.art 艺术,美术52.aural 听觉的10.article 文章,冠词53.authentic 真正的,可信的11.artificial 人工的人造的54.author 作者,创始人12.artist 艺术家,美术家55.authority 权利,权威13.as 如同,像···一样56.auto(automobile)汽车14.ash 灰烬,灰57.automatic 自动的,无意识的15.ashamed 惭愧的,害羞的58.autumn 秋天,秋季16.ashore 在岸上,上岸59.available 可用的,可得到的17.aside 在旁边,除···之外60.avenue 林荫道,大街18.ask 问,请求61.average 平均19.asleep 睡觉的,睡熟62.avoid 避免,回避20.aspect 样子,外表,面貌,方面63.await 等候,等待21.assemble 集合,集会64.awake 唤醒,醒着的22.assembly 集合,集会65.award 授予,奖品23.assert 断言,宣称,维护66.aware 意识到的,知道的24.assess 评定,评估67.away 在远处,离开,消失25.assignment 分配,委派68.awful 令人恐惧的,可怕的,糟糕的26.assist 帮助,援助69.awkward 笨拙的,不灵活的27.assistance 帮助,援助70.axe 斧子28.assistant 助手,图书管理员 B29.associate 使联系,结合71.baby 婴儿30.association 协会,团体,联合,交往72.bachelor 单身汉,学士31.assume 假装,假定73.back 后面的,背后32.assure 使确信,使放心74.background 背景,经历33.astonish 使惊讶75.backward 迟钝的,落后的34.at 在,处于76.bacon 咸猪肉,熏猪肉35.athlete 运动员77.bad 坏的,严重的36.atmosphere 大气,空气78.badly 恶劣地37.atom 原子,微粒79.badminton 羽毛球38.attach 缚上,系上80.bag 书包,口袋39.attack 攻击,进攻81.baggage 行李40.attain 达到,获得82.bake 烘,烤41.attempt 尝试,试图83.bakery 面包房42.attendant 服务员,伴随的84.balance 平衡,均衡43.attention 注意85.balcony 阳台86.bald 不刻意修饰的,秃的93.bandage 绷带87.ball 球94.bang 砰砰的声音,猛击88.ballet 芭蕾舞95.bank 银行,岸,堤89.balloon 气球96.bankrupt 破产的,使破产90.ban 禁止,取缔97.banner 旗帜,横幅91.banana 香蕉98.banquet 宴会,宴请92.band 乐队,一群99.bar 阻拦,妨碍,杆,棒100.barber 理发师1.bare 赤裸的,光秃秃的44.beginning 开始2.barely 仅仅,勉强,几乎没有45.behalf 代表,为···的利益3.bargain 协议,合同46.bahave 举止,表现4.bark 咆哮,狗叫声47.behavior 行为5.barn 谷仓,仓库48.behind 在···后面6.barrel 枪管,炮管49.being 存在,生存7.barrier 屏障,障碍物50.belief 信仰,相信8.base 基础,基地51.bell 铃,钟9.baseball 棒球运动52.belong 属于,附属10.basement 地下室,地窖53.beloved 敬爱的,爱人11.basic 基本的54.below 在···以下12.basin 水盆,脸盆55.belt 绷带13.basis 基础,根据56.bench 长凳14.basket 篮子,筐子57.bend 弯曲,屈身15.basketball 篮球运动58.beneath 在···之下16.bat 球拍,蝙蝠59.benefit 利益,好处17.bath 沐浴60.bent 弯的,决心的18.bathe 冲洗,洗浴61.beside 除···之外,而且19.bathroom 浴室62.best 最好的20.battery 电池,炮组63.bet 打赌,相信,断定21.battle 战役,会战,战斗64.betray 背叛,出卖,暴露22.bay 海湾65.better 更好的23.be 是,存在66.between 在(两者)之间24.beach 滩67.beverage 饮料25.beam 梁,柱68.beyond 在···的那一边26.bean 菜豆,蚕豆69.bias 偏见27.bear 熊,负担,忍受70.Bible 《圣经》28.beard 胡须71.bicycle 自行车29.beast 牲畜72.bid 命令,吩咐,报价,投标30.beat 打败,敲打73.big 大的31.beautiful 美丽的,漂亮的74.bill账单,清单32.beauty 美人75.billion 十亿,大量33.because 因为76.bind 捆,绑34.become 变得,成为77.biography 传记35.bed 床78.biology 生物学36.bedroom 寝室,卧室79.bird 鸟,禽类37.bee 蜜蜂80.birth 出生,诞生38.beef 牛肉81.birthday 生日39.beer 啤酒82.biscuit 饼干,小点心40.before 在···以前83.bit 一点儿41.beforehand 预先,事先84.bite 咬42.beg 请求,乞求85.bitter 苦的,辛酸的43.begin 开始86.black 黑色的87.blackboard 黑板94.blend 混合88.blame 责备,归咎于95.bless 祝福,保佑89.blank 空白的,空虚的96.blind 瞎的,瞎子90.blanket 毯子,毛毯97.block 块,片,大厦,大楼91.blast 一阵风,一股气流98.blog 日志,博客92.blaze 火焰,火光99.blood 血93.bleed 流血,榨取,渗出100.bloody 血染的,流血的1.bloom 开花44.brand 商标,标记2.blossom 开花45.brass 黄铜,铜器3.blouse 女衬衫46.brave 勇敢的4.blow 打击47.bread 面包5.blue 蓝色的48.break 打破,课间,中断6.blush 脸红,羞愧49.breakdown 故障,崩溃7.board 在船上,黑板,牌子50.breakfast 早餐8.boast 自夸,夸耀51.breakthrough 突破9.body 身体52.breast 胸脯,乳房,胸怀10.boil 沸腾,愤怒53.breath 呼吸,气息11.bold 大胆的,勇敢的54.breathe 呼吸12.bomb 炸弹,轰炸55.breed 繁殖,饲养13.bond 结合,黏结56.brick 砖块14.bone 骨头57.bride 新娘15.bonus 红利,奖金58.bridegroom 新郎16.book 预定,书59.bridge 桥17.boom 使兴隆,发隆隆声60.brief 简洁的,短暂的18.boost 促进,提高61.bright 明亮的19.boot 靴,行李箱62.brilliant 光辉的,灿烂的20.booth 公用电话亭,货摊63.bring 带来,产生21.border 边界,国界64.brisk 轻快的,生气勃勃的22.bore 钻孔,使厌烦65.broad 宽的,广阔的23.bored 无聊的,厌烦的66.broadcast 广播,播音24.boring 无聊的,令人厌烦的67.brochure 小册子25.born 天生的,问世的,诞生的68.brook 小河,溪26.borrow 借用69.broom 扫帚27.bosom 胸,内心70.brother 兄,弟28.boss 老板71.brow 眉,额29.botany 植物学72.browm 褐色的,棕色的30.both 两者,双方73.browse 浏览31.bother 讨厌,烦人74.brush 刷,擦32.bottle 瓶75.bubble 水泡,气泡33.bottom 末端76.bud 发芽,含苞欲放34.bound 跳,界限77.budget 预算,做预算,安排,合算的35.boundary 分界线,边界78.buffet 碗橱,餐具架,自助餐36.bow 鞠躬,弓79.build 建造,建设37.bowl 碗80.building 建筑物38.bowling 保龄球81.bulb 灯泡,球状物39.box 盒子,箱子82.bull 公牛,雄性动物40.boy 男孩83.bullet 子弹41.brain 智能,脑力84.bulletin 公告,告示,新闻简报42.brake 制动,刹车85.bunch 簇,束,捆,串43.branch 枝条,支流,部门86.bundle 捆,包,束87.burden 担子,负担94.business 事务,商业88.bureau 署,局95.busy 繁忙的89.burn 燃烧96.but 但是,除了90.burst 破裂,爆炸97.butter 黄油91.bury 埋葬98.butterfly 蝴蝶,轻浮的人92.bus 公共汽车99.button 扣子,纽扣93.bush 灌木,矮树丛100.buy 买1.by 靠近,在···旁边43.careless 粗心的,漫不经心的2.bye 再见44.cargo 货物C 45.carpet 地毯,毛毯3.cab 出租汽车46.carriage 马车,客车箱4.cabbage 卷心菜,洋白菜47.carrot 胡萝卜5.cabin 客舱,机舱48.carry 运送,手提6.cabinet 出轨橱柜,内阁49.cart 大车,小推车7.cable 电报,电缆50.cartoon 漫画,动画片8.cafe 咖啡51.carve 刻9.cafeteria 自助食堂,自助餐馆52.case 情况,事情10.cage 鸟笼53.cash 现金,现款11.cake 蛋糕54.cashier 出纳员12.calculate 计算,推算55.cassette 小盒子,盒式磁带13.calendar 日历,月历,历法56.cast 投,掷,抛14.call 打电话,叫喊57.castle 城堡15.calm 平静的,沉着的58.casual 偶然的,碰巧的16.calorie 卡路里59.cat 猫17.camel 骆驼60.catalog 目录,编目录18.camera 照相机61.catch 抓住,接住,赶上19.camp 野营62.category 种类,类别,范畴20.campaign 战役,运动63.catholic 天主教的,广泛的21.campus 校园64.cattle 牛,牲畜22.can 能65.cause 原因,理由,事业23.canal 运河,渠66.caution 小心,谨慎,警告,告诫24.cancel 取消,作废,删去67.cautious 小心的,谨慎的25.cancer 癌症68.cave 洞,穴,岩洞26.candidate 候选人,候补者69.cease 停止,终止27.candle 蜡烛70.ceiling 天花板,顶棚28.candy 糖果71.celebrate 庆祝,歌颂29.canteen 食堂,餐厅72.celebrity 名人,名声30.cap 帽子73.cell 细胞,小囚房,电池,蜂房31.capable 能干的,有能力的74.cellar 地窖,地下室32.capacity 容量,容积,才能,能力75.cellphone 手机,便携式电话33.capital 首都,省会76.cement 水泥,胶泥34.capsule 胶囊77.cent 分,分币35.captain 陆军上尉,船长,队长78.centigrade 摄氏度36.capture 捕获,俘获79.centimetre 厘米37.car 汽车80.center 中心,中央38.carbon dioxide 二氧化碳81.central 中心的,中央的39.card 卡片,贺卡82.century 世纪,百年40.care 照料,保护,小心83.ceremony 典礼,仪式41.career 生涯,经历,职业84.certain 肯定的,一定的42.careful 仔细的,小心的85.certainly 一定,无疑地86.certificate 证书,执照93.champion 冠军,得胜者87.chain 表链,链94.chance 机会,可能性,偶然性88.chair 椅子95.chancellor 首相,大臣,司法官89.chairman 主席,董事长96.change 改变,变化90.chalk 粉笔97.channel 海峡,水道,频道,波段91.challenge 挑战,艰巨任务98.chaos 混乱,无序,混沌92.chamber 房间,室99.chapter 章,回100.character 性格,品质1.characteristic 特有的,独特的44.cinema 电影院2.characterize 是···的特性,描述···特征45.circle 圆,环绕,盘旋3.charge 主管,看管46.circular 圆的,环形的4.charm 吸引力,魅力47.circulate 循环,流通5.charming 迷人的,可爱的48.circumstance 情况,形式,环境,境遇6.chart 图表49.circus 马戏团,马戏场7.chase 追逐,追求50.cite 引用,引证8.chat 闲谈,聊天51.citizen 市民,公民9.cheap 便宜的52.city 城市10.cheat 欺骗,作弊53.civil 公民的,市民的11.check 阻止,制止,控制,调查54.civilization 文明,文化12.cheek 脸,颊,厚脸皮55.civilize 使文明,开化,教化13.cheer 欢呼,高呼56.claim 声张,主张,索赔14.cheese 干酪,奶酪57.clap 拍手,鼓掌15.chemical 化学的58.clarify 澄清,使清纯16.chemist 化学家,药剂师59.clasp 扣子,钩子17.chemistry 化学60.class 班,课,阶级,等级18.cherish 珍爱,怀有61.classic 经典作品,名著19.cherry 樱桃62.classical 经典的,古典的20.chess 国际象棋63.classify 分类,分等级21.chest 胸部,柜,箱64.classmate 同班同学22.chew 咀嚼,思量65.classroom 教室23.chicken 小鸡,鸡肉66.clay 黏土24.chief 领袖,首领67.clean 干净的25.child 小孩,儿童68.clear 清楚的,明白的,清晰的26.childhood 幼年,童年69.clerk 办事员,职员,管理员27.chill 寒冷,寒战70.clever 机灵的,聪明的28.chimney 烟囱,烟筒71.click 点击,滴答声29.chin 下巴,72.client 顾客,委托人30.china 瓷器73.cliff 悬崖,峭壁31.chip 切削,碎片74.climate 气候,风气32.chocolate 巧克力,巧克力糖75.climax 顶点,高潮33.choice 选择76.climb 爬,攀登34.choke 是窒息,阻塞77.cling 粘住,依附,坚持35.choose 选择78.clinic 门诊部,诊疗所,临床36.chopsticks 筷子79.cloak 斗篷,借口,掩饰37.chorus 合唱队,合唱,异口同声地说80.clock 时钟38.Christian 基督教徒,基督教的81.clone 克隆,无性繁殖39.Christmas 圣诞节82.close 关,闭,靠近40.chronic 长期的,慢性的83.cloth 布料41.church 教堂,教会84.clothes 衣服42.cigar 雪茄85.clothing 衣服,衣着43.cigarette 香烟,纸烟86.cloudy 多云的,阴天的87.club 俱乐部,社团94.coast 海岸88.clue 线索,提示95.coat 上衣,外套89.clumsy 笨拙的96.cock 公鸡90.clutch 抓住,紧握97.code 代号,密码91.coach 客车,长途汽车98.coffee 咖啡92.coal 煤炭99.coherent 连贯的,有条理的93.coarse 粗糙的,粗鲁的100.coil 圈,盘绕1.coin 硬币,货币parative 比较的,相当的2.coincide 和···一致,相符,巧合pare 比较,对照3.coke 可口可乐parison 比较,对比4.cold 冷的,寒冷的partment 分隔间5.collaborate 协作,合作pass 罗盘,指南针6.collapse 倒塌,崩溃,垮台pel 强迫,强求7.collar 衣领pensate 补偿,弥补8.colleague 同事,同僚pete 竞争,争夺9.collect 收集,搜集petent 有能力的,称职的10.collection 收藏,收集petition 比赛,竞争11.collective 集体的,共同的petitor 竞争者,比赛者12.college 学院,高等专科院校plain 抱怨,投诉13.collision 碰撞,冲突plaint 怨言,不满14.colonial 殖民的,殖民地居民plement 补充物,足额15.colony 殖民地,侨民plete 完全的,彻底的16.color 颜色,给···着色plex 复杂的,综合的17.column 柱,列,专栏plicate 变复杂b 梳子,梳理plicated 错综复杂的,费解的bat 战斗,斗争,格斗pliment 赞词,恭维话bination 联合,合作ply 遵照,应允bine 联合,合并ponent 组成部分,成分e 成为,发生pose 组成,构成edy 喜剧,喜剧性position 作文,写作fort 安慰,使舒适pound 混合物,化合物mand 命令prehend 理解,包含mend 称赞,推崇prehension 理解ment 评论prehensive 内容广泛的,综合的merce 商业,贸易,交易press 压缩mercial 商业的,商务的prise 包含,构成mission 委员会,委任promise 妥协,折中mit 把···交托给pulsory 强制的,义务的mittee 委员会pute 计算modity 商品,日用品puter 计算机mon 普通的,一般的77.conceal 隐藏,隐瞒municate 传达,传送78.concentrate 集中,专心munication 通讯,交流79.concept 概念,观念munism 共产主义80.concern 涉及,关系到munist 共产主义者81.concerning 关于munity 社区,社会,公众82.concert 音乐会,演奏会pact 紧密的,简明的83.concession 迁就,让步panion 同伴,同事84.concise 简明的,简洁的pany 公司,陪伴85.conclude 结束,终止parable 比得上的,相似的86.conclusion 结束,结论87.concrete 具体的,确定的94.conference 会议,讨论会88.condemn 谴责,指责95.confess 承认,忏悔89.condition 条件,状况96.confidence 信任,信心,机密90.conditional 条件的97.confident 自信的91.conduct 行为,举动,品行,领导98.confidential 私密的,亲信的92.conductor 售票员99.confine 限制,局限于93.confer 商谈,商议100.confirm 证实,确认1.conflict 斗争,冲突44.contract 契约,合同2.conform 遵守,依照45.contradict 反驳,与···矛盾3.confront 面临,遭遇46.contrary 相反的,对抗的4.confuse 使混乱,混淆47.contrast 使与···对照5.congratulate 祝贺,向···致祝贺词48.contribute 贡献,捐助6.congratulation 祝贺,庆贺49.control 控制,支配7.congress 国会,议会50.controversial 引起争论的8.connect 连接,相通,衔接51.convenience 便利,方便9.conquer 征服,占领52.convenient 便利的,方便的10.conquest 征服,攻克53.convention 大会,惯例11.conscience 良心,良知54.conversation 交谈,谈话12.conscious 意识到的,自觉的55.convict 宣判某人有罪13.consent 同意,允许56.conviction 确信,定罪14.consequence 结果,影响57.convince 使信服,使确信15.consequently 因而,所以58.cook 烹调,煮16.conservation 保存,保护59.cool 凉的,凉快的17.conservative 保守的,守旧的60.cooperation 合作,协作18.consider 认为61.coordinate 同等的,并列的19.considerable 相当可观的62.cope 应付,妥善处理20.considerate 考虑周到的63.copper 铜币21.consideration 需要考虑的事64.copy 照搬,誊写22.consist 存在于65.core 果核,中心23.consistent 前后一致的,始终如一的66.corn 谷物,玉米24.consolidate 巩固,加强,联合67.corner 街道拐角25.conspicuous 明显的,惹人注目的68.corporation 公司,企业26.constant 经常的,不断的69.correct 正确的,恰当的27.constitution 构成,组成70.correspond 通信,符合28.construct 建筑,构造,建造71.correspondence 通信,信件29.consult 商量,请教72.correspondent 记者,通讯员30.consultant 会诊医师,顾问73.corresponding 符合的,相应的31.consume 消费,消耗74.corridor 走廊,通路,回廊32.contact 接触,联系75.corrupt 贿赂,收买33.contain 包含,容纳76.cost 花费34.container 容器,集装箱77.costly 昂贵的,代价惨重的35.contemporary 现代的,当代的78.cottage 村舍,乡下别墅36.contend 竞争,斗争79.cotton 棉花37.content 容量,含量80.couch 睡椅,沙发38.contest 竞争,竞赛81.cough 咳嗽39.context 上下文82.could 可以40.continent 大陆,洲83.council 理事会,委员会41.continual 不断的,频繁的84.counsel 劝告,商议42.continue 继续,连续85.count 计数43.continuous 持续的,不间断的86.counter 计数者,计算器87.country 国家,乡村94.courtyard 庭院,院子88.countryside 乡下,农村95.cousin 堂兄弟,表兄弟89.county 郡,县96.cover 遮盖,封面90.couple 一对,一双97.cow 奶牛,母牛91.courage 勇气,英勇98.coward 懦夫,胆怯者92.course 过程,经过99.crack 裂纹,破裂声93.court 法院,法庭100.cradle 摇篮,发源地1.craft 工艺,手艺44.curve 曲线,弯曲2.crane 起重机,鹤45.cushion 垫子3.crash 碰撞,坠落46.custom 习惯,风俗4.crawl 爬行,蠕动47.cut 切,割5.crazy 疯狂的48.cyber 网络的,计算机的6.cream 乳脂,奶油49.cycle 自行车,循环7.create 创造,创作 D8.creature 动物,生物,人50.dad 爸爸,爹爹9.credit 信用51.daily 日常的,每日的10.creep 爬行52.dairy 牛奶场,奶店11.crew 全体船员53.dam 水坝,水闸12.crime 罪行,犯罪54.damage 毁坏,损害13.criminal 罪犯,犯罪的55.damp 潮湿的14.crisis 危机,紧要关头56.dance 跳舞,舞会15.crisp 脆的,易碎的57.danger 危险16.criterion 标准,准则58.dangerous 危险的17.critical 批评的,评论59.dare 敢于18.criticize 批评,批判60.dark 黑暗,深色19.crop 庄稼,收成61.darling 心爱的,宠爱的20.cross 十字架,十字形62.dart 飞镖,猛冲21.crossing 交叉,十字路口63.dash 猛冲,突进22.crowd 人群,群集64.date 数据,资料23.crown 王冠,冕65.daughter 女儿24.crucial 至关重要的,决定性的66.dawn 黎明,拂晓25.crude 天然的,未加工的67.day 节日26.crush 碾碎,压坏68.daylight 日光,白昼27.cry 哭,喊叫69.daytime 白日,日间28.crystal 水晶,水晶饰品70.dead 死的,无生命的29.cube 立方形,立方体71.deadline 最后期限30.cucumber 黄瓜72.deadly 致命的,充满仇恨的,非常的31.cue 暗示,信号73.deaf 聋的,不愿听的32.cultivate 耕作,培养74.deal 分配,处理,分派,交易,协议33.culture 修养,教养75.dealer 商人,贩子34.cup 杯子76.dean 院长,系主任35.cupboard 器皿柜77.dear 哎呀,亲爱的36.cure 治疗,治愈78.death 死37.curious 好奇的,稀奇的,奇妙的79.debate 争论,讨论38.curl 卷曲,卷缩80.debt 债务,欠款39.currency 通货,货币81.decade 十年40.current 电流,水流82.decay 腐烂,衰减41.curriculum 课程83.deceit 欺骗42.curse 诅咒84.deceive 欺骗,蒙蔽43.curtain 帘,幕85.decide 决定,下决心86.decimal 小数的,十进制的93.dedicate 奉献87.decision 决定,坚决94.deed 行为,事迹88.deck 甲板,层面95.deem 认为,相信89.declaration 宣言,宣布96.deep 深的,浓厚的90.declare 声明,断言97.deer 鹿91.decline 谢绝,下降,衰落98.defeat 失败,击败,挫折92.decorate 装饰,装潢99.defect 缺陷100.decrease 减少,减小1.defend 保卫44.despite 不管,不顾2.defense 防御,保护45.dessert 水果或甜食3.deficit 亏损,赤字46.destination 目的地,终点4.define 定义,使明确47.destroy 破坏,毁坏5.definite 明确的,确切的48.destruction 破坏,消灭6.degree 度数,学位49.detach 分开,拆开7.delay 延迟,耽搁50.detail 细节,详情8.delegate 委托51.detain 耽搁,延误9.delegation 代表团52.detective 侦探10.delete 删除53.determine 决定,决意11.deliberate 深思熟虑的54.develop 发展,开发12.delicate 纤弱的,精致的55.device 装置,设备13.delicious 美味的,芬芳的56.devise 设计,发明14.delight 使高兴,使欣喜57.devote 专心,献身15.deliver 递送,交付58.diagnosis 诊断,判断16.demand 要求,需要59.dial 钟面,刻度盘17.democracy 民主60.dialoge 对话18.demonstrate 论证,证实61.diameter 直径19.denial 否认,拒绝62.diamond 钻石,金刚石20.dense 浓厚的,密集的63.diary 日记21.density 密度,浓度64.dictate 口授,听写,命令22.dentist 牙科医生65.dictation 口述,听写23.deny 否认,拒绝66.dictator 独裁者24.depart 离开,启程,违反67.dictionary 字典25.department 部,局,系68.die 死26.departure 离开,启程69.diet 饮食27.depend 依靠70.differ 与···不同28.deposit 存放,储蓄71.difference 差别,差异29.depress 压抑,降低72.different不同的30.depth 深度,深刻73.difficult 困难的,难的31.deputy 代理人,代表74. Difficult 难事,困难32.derive 取得,导出,起源75.dig 挖,掘33.descend 下来,下降76.digest 消化,吸收34.describe 描写,形容77.digtial 数字的,手指的35.description 描写,描述,形容78.dignity 庄严,端庄36.desert 沙漠,荒地79.dilemma 困境,进退两难37.deserve 应得,值得80.diligent 勤奋的,用功的38.design 设计,图案,花样81.dim 暗淡的,模糊的39.desirable 称心的,期望的82.dine 吃饭,进餐40.desk 书桌,写字台83.dinner 正餐,宴会41.despair 绝望84.dip 蘸,浸42.desperate 绝望的,不顾一切的85.diploma 毕业文凭,学位证书43.despise 轻视,蔑视86.diplomatic 外交的,策略的87.direct 直接的94.disadvantage 不利条件,不便88.direction 方向,指示95.disagree 不一致,意见不同89.director 主任,处长96.disappear 消失,失踪90.directory 目录97.disappoint 令失望,使扫兴91.dirt 污垢,泥土98.disaster 灾难,天灾92.dirty 脏的99.disc 圆盘93.disable 使残疾100.discard 丢弃,抛弃1.discharge 卸货,解除44.dome 圆屋顶2.discipline 纪律,科学45.domestic 家庭的,本国的3.discount 折扣46.donate 捐赠,捐送4.discover 发现,暴露47.donkey 愚蠢或顽固的人5.discovery 发现48.door 门6.discuss 讨论,议论49.dormitory 集体宿舍7.discussion 讨论,议论50.dose 一服,一剂8.disease 疾病51.dot 圆点9.disguise 伪装物,假装,伪装52.double 双,两个10.disgust 厌恶,恶心53.doubt 怀疑,疑惑11.dish 盘,碟54.dove 鸽子12.dislike 不喜欢,厌恶55.down 向下13.dismay 惊恐,惊愕56.download 下载14.dismiss 免职,解雇57.downstairs 在楼下,到楼下15.disorder 混乱,骚乱58.downtown 市区16.displace 取代,置换59.downwards 向下的,下降的17.display 陈列,展览60.doze 打瞌睡18.dispose 处理,处置61.dozen 一打19.dispute 争论,争执62.draft 起草,草拟20.distance 距离,远处63.drag 拖拉,拖累21.distant 远的,稀疏的64.dragon 龙22.distinct 清楚的,明显的65.drain 排水管,阴沟23.distinction 差别,区分,荣誉66.drama 戏剧24.distinguish 区别,辨别67.dramatic 戏剧的,激动人心的25.distress 苦恼,危难,贫困,不幸68.draw 绘制,草拟26.distribute 分配,分布69.drawback 缺点,不利条件27.district 地区,特区70.drawer 抽屉28.disturb 扰乱,妨碍71.drawing 图29.ditch 沟,渠,水沟72.dread 恐惧,害怕30.dive 跳水,潜水73.dreadful 可怕的,令人惊骇的31.diverse 多种的74.dream 梦想32.divide 分开,分裂75.dress 女服,衣服33.division 分割,部门76.drift 漂流,游荡34.divorce 离婚,分离77.drill 训练,操练35.dizzy 脑晕的78.drink 喝,饮料36.do 做,干79.drip 滴下,漏水37.dock 船坞,码头80.drive 驾驶,开38.doctor 医生81.drop 点滴,落下39.doctrine 教条,主义82.drown 淹死,淹没40.document 文件,文献83.drug 药品,毒品41.dog 狗84.drum 鼓,鼓状物42.doll 玩偶85.drunk 醉酒的43.dollar 美元86.dry 干燥的87.duck 鸭94.dusty 灰尘多的88.due 应得的,应付的,到期的,应付款95.duty 职责,义务89.dull 愚笨的,迟钝的,阴暗的96.dwell 居留,住90.dumb 哑的,无言的97.dye 染料,染色91.during 在···期间98.dying 垂死的,临终的92.dusk 黄昏99.dynamic 动态的,有动力的93.dust 灰尘,尘土100.dynasty 王朝E 43.element 元素,成分1.each 每,各44.elementary 初等的,浅易的,基础的2.eager 渴望的,热切的45.elephant 大象3.eagle 鹰46.elevator 电梯,升降机4.ear 耳朵47.else 另外,其他5.early 早48.elsewhere 在别处,向别处6.earn 挣得,赚得49.email 电子邮件7.earnest 认真的,坚决的50.embarrass 使困惑,使窘迫8.earth 地球,大地51.embassy 大使馆9.earthquake 地震52.embrace 拥抱,包含10.ease 减轻,使舒适53.emerge 出现,露出11.east 东方,东面54.emergency 紧急情况,突然事件12.Easter 复活节55.emigrate 移居国外13.eastern 东方的56.emotion 情绪,激动,情感14.eastward 向东57.emperor 皇帝15.easy 容易的58.emphasis 强调,重点16.eat 吃59.emphasize 强调,着重17.echo 发出回声,共鸣60.empire 帝国18.ecology 生态学61.employ 雇佣,使用19.economic 经济的,经济学的62.employee 雇工,雇员20.economical 节约的,经济的63.employer 雇主,老板21.economics 经济学,经济情况64.employment 雇用,使用22.economy 节约,节省65.empty 空的23.edge 边缘66.enable 使能够,使成为可能,使实现24.edible 可食用的67.encounter 遇到,遭遇25.edit 编辑,剪辑68.encourage 鼓励26.edition 版本69.encylopedia 百科全书27.editor 编辑,编者70.end 结束,末尾28.editorial 社论,编辑的71.endeavor 努力,尽力cate 教育,培养72.ending 结尾,结局cation 教育,培养73.endure 忍受,持久31.effect 效果,作用,影响74.enemy 敌人,敌军32.effective 有效的,生效的75.energetic 有力的,精力充沛的33.effort 努力,尽力76.energy 精力,活力34.egg 蛋77.enforce 实行,执行,强制35.either 任何一方的,两者之一的78.engage 从事干,订婚,忙着36.elbow 弯头,肘79.engine 发动机,引擎37.elder 最年长的,最老的80.engineer 工程师,技师38.election 选举81.enhance 提高,加强39.electric 电的,发电的82.enjoy 喜欢,享受···的乐趣40.electricity 电流83.enlarge 扩大,放大41electronic 电子的84.enormouse 巨大的,庞大的42.elegant 美好的,优雅的85.enough 足够的,充分的86.enquire 调查,询问93.enthusiastic 热情的,热心的87.enrich 使富足,使肥沃94.entire 全部的,整个的88.ensure 确保,保证95.entrance 入口,入场89.enter 进入,参加96.entry 入口,通道90.enterprise 事业,企业单位97.envelope 信封,封皮91.entertainment 招待,款待98.environment 环境,外界92.enthusiasm 热情,热心99.envy 羡慕,嫉妒100.equal 平等的,相等的1.equation 方程,等式44.except 除···之外2.equator 赤道45.excess 过度的,额外的3.equipment 装备,设备46.exchange 交换,交流4.equivalent 相等的,等价的47.excite 使兴奋,使激动5.era 时代,年代48.exciting 令人兴奋的,令人激动的6.erase 擦掉,删去49.exclusive 专有的,独占的7.erect 建立,使竖立50.excuse 原谅,宽恕8.error 错误,过失51.executive 董事,行政负责人9.erupt 爆发,喷发52.exercise 锻炼,体操10.escape 逃跑,逃脱53.exhaust 耗尽,抽完11.especially 特别,尤其54.exhibit 展出,陈列12.essay 文章,随笔55.exhibition 展览13.essential 必要的,必不可少的56.exist 存在,生存14.establish 建立,设立57.expand 膨胀,扩张15.estate 地产,房产58.expansion 扩大,膨胀16.estimate 估计,估价59.expect 期望,预期17.eternal 永恒的,不朽的60.expectation 预期,期望18.ethnic 种族的,民族的61.expedition 远征,探险19.evaluate 评估,估价62.expense 花费,代价20.eve 前夜,前夕63.expensive 昂贵的21.even 甚至,即使64.experience 经验,体验,经历22.evening 傍晚,晚上65.experiment 实验23.event 事件,大事,比赛项目66.expert 专家,能手24.eventually 终于,最后67.explain 解释,说明25.ever 曾今68.explanation 解释,说明26.every 每个的69.explicit 详述的,明确的27.everybody 每人,人人70.explode 爆炸,爆发28.everyday 每日的,日常的71.exploit 开发,利用,剥削29.everyone 每人,人人72.explore 勘探,探测30.everything 每件的,每样东西73.explosion 爆炸31.everywhere 到处,无论哪里74.explosive 爆炸,爆发32.evidence 迹象,证据75.export 输出,出口33.evident 明显的,明白的76.expose 揭露,使暴露,使曝光34.evil 邪恶的,罪恶的77.express 表示,表达35.evolve 进化,形成78.expression 表达,词句36.exact 确切的,准确的79.extend 延伸,延长37.exactly 确切的,精确的80.extensive 广大的,广阔的38.examination 检查,考试81.extent 广度,宽度,长度39.examine 检查,诊查82.external 外部的,外面的40.example 例子,榜样83.extra 特别地,非常41.exceed 超过,胜过84.extraordinary 非常的,格外的42.exceedingly 极端地,非常85.extreme 末端的,尽头的43.excellent 极好的,优秀的86.eye 眼睛F 93.fail 不及格,失败87.fable 寓言94.failure 失败,故障,不及格88.face 脸,面95.faint 微弱的,不明显的89.facility 灵巧,熟练96.fair 浅色的,金色的90.fact 事实,实际97.fairly 相当,还算91.factor 因素,要素98.faith 信念,信仰,信心92.factory 工厂99.faithful 忠实的,可靠的100.fake 假货,骗子1.fall 落下,跌倒44.ferry 摆渡,渡口,渡船2.false 错误的,假的45.fertilizer 肥料3.fame 名声,声誉46.festival 节日,会演4.familiar 熟悉的,常见的47.fetch 拿来,取来5.family 家庭,子女48.fever 发烧6.famous 著名的49.few 少数的,不多的7.fan 扇子,风扇50. fiction 虚构的事,小说8.fancy 想象力,异样的51.field 田地,场地9.fantasy 幻想52.fierce 凶猛的,激烈的10.far 远的53.fight 打仗,打架11.farewell 再会,别了,告别54.figure 外形,图形,形象12.farm 农场55.file 锉刀,文件13.farmer 农场主,农夫56.fill 填空,装满14.farther 更远地,更远的57.final 最后的15.fascinate 使入迷,强烈的吸引58.finally 最后,最终,终于16.fashion 流行样式,时髦59.finance 财政,资金,财源17.fashionable 流行的,时髦的60.find 找到,发现18.fast 快的61.financial 财政的,金融的19.fasten 拴住,捆,系62.fine 晴朗的,美好的20.fat 肥胖的,脂肪63.finger 手指21.fatal 致命的,决定性的64.film 电影,影片22.fate 命运,死亡65.finish 完成,结束23.father 父亲66.finite 有限的,限定的24.fault 缺点,过失67.fire 火炉,射击25.faulty 有毛病的68.fireman 消防队员26.favor 好意,帮助69.firm 牢固的,坚决的27.favorable 喜爱的,赞许的70.fish 鱼肉,捕鱼28.favorite 特别喜爱的71.fist 拳头29.fax 传真72.fit 适合,合身30.fear 害怕,恐惧73.fix 修理,安装31.feast 节日,宴会74.flag 旗32.feather 羽毛75.flame 火焰,火苗,热情33.feature 特征,特色76.flash 闪光灯34.federal 联邦的77.flat 扁平的,平伸的35.fee 费78.flvor 味道,风味36.feed 喂,饲79.flee 逃避,消失,逃走37.feedback 反馈,反馈信息80.fleet 舰队38.feel 感觉,感知,摸81.flesh 肌肉,果肉39.feeling 感觉,知觉,感情82.flexible 柔韧的,易弯曲的40.fell 击倒,打到,砍到83.flight 航班,飞行41.female 雌性的,女性的84.float 漂浮,飘动42.fellow 人,家伙,小伙子85.flock 大量,众多43.fence 篱笆,栅栏86.flood 洪水,水灾87.floor 地板,层94.fluid 流动的,流体的88.flour 面粉,粉95.flush 脸红,冲洗89.flourish 繁荣,茂盛96.fly 飘扬,飘动90.flow 流动97.focus 焦点,焦距91.flower 花98.fog 雾92.flu 流感,流行性感冒99/fold 折叠,合拢93.fluent 流利的,流畅的100.folk 民间的1.follow 跟随,追求44.friend 朋友2.fond 喜爱的,爱好的45.friendly 友好的3.food 食物,食品46.friendship 友谊4.fool 笨蛋,傻瓜47.fright 恐怖,惊吓5.foolish 愚蠢的,笨的48.frighten 吓唬6.foot 脚,英尺,底部49.frog 青蛙7.football 足球50.from 从···起,自8.for 为了,给,适合于,代替51.front 前面,前线9.forbid 禁止,不许52.frontier 国境,边界,尖端10.force 强迫,迫使53.frost 霜冻,严寒11.forecast 预言,预报54.frown 皱眉,不赞成某事12.foreign 外国的,对外的,异质的55.frozen 冷冻的,冻伤的13.foreigner 外国人56.fruit 水果14.forest 森林57.frustrate 挫败,阻挠15.forever 永远G16.forget 忘记58.gain 获得,赚,赢得17.forgive 原谅,宽恕59.gallery 长廊,美术馆18.fork 餐叉60.gallon 加仑,大量19.form 表格,形式61.gamble 投机,冒险20.formal 正式的,形式的62.game 游戏,运动21.format 设计,样式63gang 一帮,一群,一伙22.former 以前的,前者的64.gap 间隙,缺口23.fornight 两星期,十四日65.garage 车库24.fortunate 幸运的66.garbage 垃圾,废料25.fortune 命运,运气,财富67.garden 花园26.forum 论坛,论坛会68.garment 衣服,服装27.forward 向前,前进69.gas 气体,煤气28.found 成立,建立70.gate 大门,门29.foundation 基础,建立71.gather 积聚,采集30.fountain 泉水,喷泉72.gay 愉快的,欢乐的31.fox 狐狸73.gaze 凝视,注视32.fragile 易碎的,脆弱的74.gender 性别33.fragrant 香的,芬芳的75.gene 基因,遗传因子34.frame 框架,骨架76.general 将军,大多数的35.framework 框架,结构,构架77.generation 产生,发生36.frank 坦白的,直率的78.generous 宽宏大量的,慷慨的37.free 空闲的,自由的79.genius 天才38.freedom 自由80.gentle 高雅的,柔和的39.freeze 结冰,凝固81.gentleman 绅士40.freight 货物,货运82.genuine 真正的,名副其实的41.frequent 频繁的,常见的83.geography 地理学,地形42.fresh 新鲜的,不熟练的84.germ 微生物,细菌43.freshman 大学一年级学生85.gesture 姿势,姿态,手势。
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从商标上区分:新兴业界的葡萄酒商标展现了所有的信息给客 人;相反的,传统业界的葡萄酒却没有,如:葡萄的种类.
葡萄酒 Wines New World Wine Label
新兴业界葡萄酒商标
葡萄酒 Wines
葡 萄 酒 的 服 务 温 度
Basic Knowledge Of Serving Wine
Wine Serving Temperature
最基本的葡萄酒服务常识
Champagne and Sparking Wine
香槟和汽泡酒
Rose Wine
6-8 Centigrade 8-10 Centigrade 10-12 Centigrade 10-12 Centigrade 12-14 Centigrade 15-16 Centigrade 18-19 Centigrade
Decanting is typically necessary for older wines, which contain sediment that can add bitterness to the wine. 过滤主要是为有年份的和那些含有苦味沉淀物的葡萄酒. *Wine decanter allows wine to breath and may improve the flavor of the older wins. *葡萄酒的过滤器可以让葡萄酒充分的呼吸来改善有年份葡萄酒的香味.
按地域区分:传统业界指的是那些有悠久葡萄酒历史的国家, 如法国,意大利,德国等;新兴业界则指的是澳大利亚,新西 兰,美洲地区,还有南非这些新兴的国家.
葡萄酒 Wines
Differences Between Old world Wine and New World Wine
传统业界和新兴业界葡萄酒的不同
葡萄酒 Wines
Selecting 选葡萄 Pressing 挤压 Treatments 处理
Bottling 装瓶
Fermentation 发酵
Filtration 过滤
Stabilization 稳定性
Maturing , Fining 成熟,澄清
葡萄酒 Wines
What Gives Wine its Color?
Younger wine also benefit from the aeration. 新酿成的葡萄酒也可以过滤.
葡萄酒 Wines
How To Decant The Wine? 怎样过滤葡萄酒?
Step 1 Remove the cork slowly and wipe the neck of the bottle with the inside edge of a service cloth.
葡萄酒 Wines
Differences Between Old world Wine and New World Wine 传统业界和新兴业界葡萄酒的不同
By region, the Old world which means those of France, Italy, and Germany who has long history of the wine. By the New World which means those of Australia, New Zealand, the Americas, north and south, and south Africa
→试酒时只要倒到酒杯的1/5;正式饮用时红酒倒大约1/2 杯满, 白酒倒3/5 杯 满。
葡萄酒 Wines
Decanting Wine 过滤葡萄酒
Decanting is pouring wine into a decorative container before serving wine. 过滤就是在服务葡萄酒之前,倒葡萄酒到一个带有装饰性的容器 里.
玫瑰酒
Dry White Wine
干白
Beaujolais Style Wines
Beaujolais的葡萄酒
Chardonnay and Semillon
莎多内 和Semillon
Red Burgundy (Pinot Noir)
红勃根第
Claret Style (Shiraz)
深紫色的葡萄酒
葡萄酒 Wines
Distill water 蒸馏水
Pre – mixers 预调类
Aperitifs 开胃酒
Liqueurs 香甜酒 Still spirits 各类静态烈酒 Eau di vie “生命之水” Chinese liqueor 中国烈酒
Tonics 运动饮料
BEER
啤酒的发现: 无意中用来做面包的大麦被放在露天的条件下. 几天后在 阳光和水的作用下变成了糊状物. 这种带甜味的大麦糊原 本是用来做面包的,在阳光和水的作用下糖份和淀粉还有在 自然条件中存在的天然酵母产生了发酵作用,产生了最早的 啤酒. 四大基本原料: 麦子 啤酒花 纯净水 人工或天然酵母
葡萄酒 Wines
Contents Major Grapes 世界上主要葡萄的种类
Varieties of the World
White Wine Red Wine 白葡萄酒 红葡萄酒
葡萄酒 Wines
Introduction介绍
Why do We Need To Learn About Wine Knowledge? 为什么我们要学习酒类知识? How Wine Is Made? 葡萄酒是如何酿造的? Old World Wine And New World Wine. 旧世界的葡萄酒和新世界的葡萄酒 Basic Knowledge Of Serving Wine 最基本的葡萄酒服务常识
葡萄酒 Wines
Why Do We Need to Learn About Wine 为什么我们要学习酒类知识? Knowledge?
In order to maximize and achieve guest expectations. 为了最大限度的满足客人的需求. To Improve job performance. 更好地完成工作任务. To improve self – knowledge. 丰富个人的知识面.
雪利酒适合在餐前或餐后饮用.干雪利酒需冰 镇后口味更佳,甜雪利酒适合在室温中饮用.
葡萄酒 Wines
砵 酒 Port
Port:被称为“英国男人的酒”.特别之处在于:在葡萄酒的 制造过程中添加了一定比例的白兰地,利用酒精杀死原酒液中 的酵母,从而的到了酒精度数比葡萄酒高许多的酒.原产地是 在葡萄牙南部的 Douro山谷. 至今那里仍然出产最好的 Port wines.
Vintage port:最贵的一个品种.只采用同一年份的葡萄为原
料而且在两年内装瓶. Ruby port:采用比Vintage Port 低一等级的原料,在木桶中陈 年两年. Tawny:使用不同年份的葡萄酒原液为主要原料,其中的一些 可以陈年四十年.在装瓶时即可饮用. White port:与红色的Port wine 一样的制造方法,唯一不同的 是使用白葡萄.
酒水类型一览表
GenAlcohol 酒精类 Non Alcohol 不含酒精类
Carbonated 汽泡类
Non Carbonated 静态类 Red wine 红葡萄酒
Carbonated 汽泡类 Sodas 苏打
Non Carbonated 静态类 Fruit Juice 果汁
Sparkling wines 汽泡酒
Champagne 香槟酒
Beers 啤酒
White wines 白葡萄酒
Fortified wines 加强酒精葡萄酒
Carbonated mineral water 含汽矿泉水
Carbonated Juice 含汽果汁
Non carb mineral water 静态矿泉水
通常请点酒的客人试酒, 然后再按“ 女士优先” 来倒酒。
→Pour 1/5 of the glass in the glass for tasting wine; pour approximately ½ glass for red wine, and pour approximately 3/5 for White wine.
BEER
啤酒的种类:
Ale –世界上最古老的啤酒品种,使用暖或顶部发酵法制造. Ale –在零摄氏度的条件下酵母自然停止活动,口味顺滑,清爽. Stout –在英国曾用来泛指一个酿酒厂里度数最高的啤酒.现 在特指产于爱尔兰的浓味啤酒 Weizen or Weisse –小麦啤酒或白啤酒.
Pilsner / Pils –国际通用的对淡色啤酒的名称.
开胃酒 Aperitifs
Vermouth:使用香料,酒精,糖份,焦糖和水按照一定的 配方,比例对葡萄酒进行在加工后得到的酒精饮料.主要产 地是意大利和法国.
Dry – 透明的,酒精度通常在18度,酒体内有不超过5%的 糖份.常当做开胃酒. Sweet – 透明的或红色的.酒精度通常在15 – 16%,糖份 含量可高达15%.也可当开胃酒和用在甜味的鸡尾酒内. Bitters:一种苦味或甜苦味的高度数酒类.通常用香料,块 茎和植物制造.因苦艾酒有开胃和消食的功能常用来为各种餐 馆/ 后鸡尾酒调味.
小心轻轻的倒葡萄酒进过滤器,让葡萄酒沿着过滤器的 杯壁流下,并用一个亮光照亮容器底( 最好是蜡烛). 这 样可以防止沉淀物落入过滤器.