大英二英文翻译
大英2第三单元课文翻译
大英2第三单元课文翻译1 If I am thc only parcnt who still corrects his child&apos ;s English, then perhaps my son is right. To him, I am a tedious oddity: a father he is obliged tolis1.en t.o and a man absorberd in the rules af grammar，which my son seems allergic tu.如果我是唯·‘个还在纠正小孩英语的家长，那么我儿了也许是对的。
对他而言，我是‘个乏味的怪物:一个他不得不听其教诲的父亲，一个还沉涎于语法规则的人，对此我儿子似乎期为反感2 l think I got serious about this only recently when I ran into one of my former st.udenls，fresh from an excursion u.a Lurape.“llow was it?" l asked,full ofearncst anticipatisn.我觉得我是在最近偶迥我以前的一位学生时，才开始对这个问题认真起来的。
这个学生刚从欧洲旅游回来。
我满怀若诚挚期待间她:“欧洲之行如何?”3 She nodded three or four times. searched the heavens for the right words, andthen exclaimed，"It was，like，whoa !"她点了三四下头，绞尽脑汁，苦苦寻找恰当的词语，然后惊呼:“真是，咔!”4 And that was it. The civilization of Grocce and the glory of Roman architecture were captured in a condensed non-statement，My student&apas ; : "whoa!" wa8 exc:eedexl only by my hea:l shaking dlistress.没了。
大英重点段落翻译
Unit6Para3:Besidesworking to improve building structures, people in areas where earthquakes are common need to prepare for the possibility of a great earthquake. They should regularly check and reinforce their homes, place heavy objects in low positions, attach cupboardsandcabinetstowalls, and fastendoors so that they will not open accidentallyduring an earthquake.Para3:除了设法改善建筑结构外,地震频发区的人们也需要为可能发生的大地震做好防备工作。
他们应当定期检查和加固房屋,将重物放在低处,将橱柜和柜子贴墙放置,加固房门以防地震时意外脱开。
Para4:In addition to preparing their houses, people in these regionsneed to prepare themselves. They should have supplies of water and food at home and at work. It is best to store several gallonsof water per person. It is also important to have something that can clean water and kill bacteria, so water from other sources can be made safe to drink. Store one week's food for each person. Earthquake survival supplies include a radio receiver, a torch, extra batteries, first aidsupplies, a spade, a tent, some rope, and warm clothing. Experts also suggest the following:Para4:除做好房屋的防震外,这些地区的人们还需要为自身做些防备。
大学英语综合教程2课后翻译
大学英语综合教程2课后翻译University English Comprehensive Tutorial 2: Translation of Exercises without Using the Same Words as the Headings1. Translate the following sentences into English.a) 我们应该致力于保护环境。
We should dedicate ourselves to protecting the environment.b) 我们需要改变生活方式以减少垃圾产生。
We need to change our lifestyle to reduce waste generation.c) 这个项目的目的是提高学生的创造力和创新能力。
The goal of this project is to enhance students' creativity and innovation.d) 这个国家已经取得了很大的经济发展。
This country has achieved significant economic development.e) 这个新产品将在明天发布。
This new product will be launched tomorrow.2. Translate the following paragraph into English.自从我上大学以来，我经历了许多挑战和困难。
我面临的最大困难之一是适应新的学习环境。
上大学后，我必须自己处理学术上的问题和生活上的事务。
我需要学会独立思考和解决问题。
另一个挑战是时间管理。
大学课程很紧张，我必须合理安排时间来完成作业和学习。
尽管困难重重，但我相信通过努力和坚持，我能够克服这些挑战并取得好成绩。
Since I entered university, I have experienced many challenges and difficulties. One of the biggest challenges I faced was adapting to a new learning environment. After entering university, I had to deal with academic issues and personal affairs by myself. I needed to learn how to think independently and solve problems. Another challenge was time management. University courses were demanding, and I had to schedule my time efficiently in order to complete assignments and study. Despite the numerous difficulties, I believe that through hard work and perseverance, I can overcome these challenges and achieve good results.。
大英四1到6翻译完整版(带重点)
1) 多尔蒂先生和他的家人目前正在农场忙于秋收。
（be engaged in doing sth.）Mr. Doherty and his family are currently engaged in getting the autumn harvest in on the farm.2) 我们不能低估敌人，他们装备了最先进的武器。
(underestimate, equip)We must not underestimate the enemy. They are equipped with the most sophisticated weapons.3) 菲尔已三个月没有找到工作了，正变得越来越绝望。
(desperate)Having been out of a job / Not having had a job for 3 months, Phil is getting increasingly desperate .4) 作为项目经理，山姆办事果断，工作效率高，且判断准确。
（efficient, decisive）Sam, as the project manager, is decisive, efficient, and accurate in his judgement.5) 既然已证实这家化工厂是污染源，村委会（village neighborhood committee）决定将其关闭，为此损失了一百个工作岗位。
（at the cost of）Since the chemical plant was identified as the source of pollution, the village neighborhood committee decided to close it down at the cost of 100 jobs.Unit21.空气中有一种不寻常的寂静，只有远处响着大炮的声音。
海大2021大英2蓝鸽全部附答案+大英2课后翻译题答案
海大2021大英2蓝鸽全部附答案+大英2课后翻译题答案UNIT 7B2U71. Finding a job in such a big company has always been _____ his wildest dreams. A)under B)over C)above D)beyond 【参考答案】：D2. It is not easy to learn English well, but if you _____, you willsucceed in the end. A)hang up B)hang about C)hang in there D)hangover 【参考答案】：C3. Last year the advertising rate ______ by 20 percent. A)raisedB)aroused C)arose D)rose 【参考答案】：D4. The manager lost his ______ just because his secretary was ten minutes late. A)mood B)temper C)mind D)passion 【参考答案】：B5. Please be careful when you are drinking coffee in case you ______ thenew carpet. A)crash B)pollut e C)spot D)stain √ [5]. 【参考答案】：D6. Some old people don't like pop songs because they can't ____ so much noise. A)resist B)sustain C)tolerate D)undergo √ [6]. 【参考答案】：C7. Every man in this country has the right to live where he wants to,_____ the color of his skin. A) with the exception of B) in the lightof C) by virtue of D) regardless of√ [7]. 【参考答案】：D8. I hate people who __________ the end of a film that you haven’t seen before. A) reveal B) rewrite C) revise D) reverse√ [8]. 【参考答案】：A9. He’s watching TV? He’s ________ to be cleaning his room.A) known B) supposed C) regarded D) considered √ [9]. 【参考答案】：B10. The soldier was ___________ of running away when the enemy attacked.A) scolded B) charged C) accused D) punished × [10]. 【参考答案】：C11. John seems a nice person. ____________, I don’t trust him.A) Even though B) Even so C) Therefore D) Though √ [11]. 【参考答案】：B12. The last half of the nineteenth century _________ the steadyimprovement in the means of travel.A) has observed B) observed C) witnessed D) haswitnessed √ [12]. 【参考答案】：C13. Her time is fully ________ by writing.A) taken away B) taken up C) taken on D) taken over √ [13]. 【参考答案】：B14. Christmas is _________, so people are busy purchasing gifts for family and friends. A) around the corner B) at the corner C) inthe corner D) on the corner √ [14]. 【参考答案】：A15. All things _________, the planned trip will have to be called off.A) considered B) be considered C) considering D) having considered√ [15]. 【参考答案】：A16. Criticism and self-criticism is necessary _______ it helps us to findand correct our mistakes.A) by that B) at that C) on that D) in that √[16]. 【参考答案】：D17. However, at times this balance in nature is ___________, resulting ina number of possibly unforeseen effects.A) troubled B) disturbed C) confused D) puzzled √[17]. 【参考答案】：B18. Over a third of the population was estimated to have no _________ tothe health service. A) assessment B) assignment C) exception D) access √ [18]. 【参考答案】：D19. Professor Taylor’s talk has indicated that scienc e has a very strong________ on the everyday life of non-scientists as well as scientists.A) motivation B) perspective C) impression D) impact √ [19]. 【参考答案】：D20. Generous public funding of basic science would _________ considerablebenefits for the country’s health, wealth and security.A) lead to B) result from C) lie in D) settle down√ [20]. 【参考答案】：A21. In GNP and GDP, G stands for ______.A) gross B) grand C) great D) greedy √ [21].【参考答案】：A22. A nurse has many duties to ______ in caring for the sick.A) achieve B) complete C) fulfill D) finish √[22].【参考答案】：C23. It ______ that this method didn’t work v ery well.A) turned around B) turned out C) turned on D)turned up √ [23]. 【参考答案】：B24. Hardships sometimes may ______ the best in some people.A) turn out B) bring out C) go out D) run out√ [24]. 【参考答案】：B25. The students complained about the ______ rules and regulations at the school. A) tense B) tight C) rigid D) intensive √ [25]. 【参考答案】：C26. These young men are not only the pride of the school but also the_____of the state in the timecoming.A) pillar B) pole C) pile D) pet √ [26]. 【参考答案】：A27. For his health, he undoubtedly needed a _______ in his heart as soonas possible.A) surgeon B) surgery C) surface D) supplement √ [27]. 【参考答案】：B28. Peter, ever the_______, said things were bound to improve.A) introvert B) pessimist C) optimist D) extrovert × [28]. 【参考答案】：C29. He was late ______ the heavy snow.A) as a result of B) in the course of C) on the ground of D) with regard to √ [29]. 【参考答案】：A30. The little girl ______ her mother’s hand tightly while t hey crossed the street. A) got to B) held onto C) led to D) saw to√ [30].【参考答案】：B31. The fundamental ___ which govern all physical processes are alsorelated to many everydayoccurrences.A) rules B) regulations C) principles D) principals × [31]. 【参考答案】：C32. Economic ______ in the country must begin with the recovering of agricultural production. A) construct B) reconstruct C) construction D) reconstruction √ [32]. 【参考答案】：D33. She was shocked by the ______ words he used.A) solid B) gross C) complete D) profound √[33]. 【参考答案】：B34. Some people are quick-tempered ______.A) in natur e B) in heart C) by nature D) by heart √[34]. 【参考答案】：C感谢您的阅读，祝您生活愉快。
大英二考试复习(杨庆芳)
大英二复习一、单词辨义（10分）二、单选题(20分)三、挑错（10分）四、阅读理解（30分）一、①Advertise为……做广告，广告②Approach方式、方法靠近、接近③Humble 地位低下的，谦卑的④Routine n.例行公事;a.常规的，惯例的，例行的⑤Make for走向、有助于、促进⑥Puzzle谜、难题、迷惑⑦Appreciate欣赏，鉴赏，感谢，感激增值⑧Make a fuss over 为……大惊小怪、小题大做⑨Come to terms with 与……达成协议，与……妥协⑩Out of style过时的，不再流行的二、1.I should have to teach all subjects except art , which he taught himself .(P52 第6段第2行) 我必须教所有科目，除了艺术，艺术他自己交2.He pursued various theories for several days until I suggested we take the toy apart to see how it did work .(P78 第9段第7行)他追求了好几天的各种理论，直到我建议我们把玩具拆开，看看它是如何工作的。
3.More than once at two or three in the morning , after lying awake for an hour ,I'd get out of bed ,dress and drive to the hospital to see the patient myself .(after lying =I lay )(P139第3段第13行）不止一次在两个或者在凌晨三点，躺了一个小时后醒来，我起床，穿衣和驱动器到医院看望病人自己。
4.Among these articles , which do you think are most D to interest our students ?(P57 50)A unexpectedB awkwardC competentD likely 可能的可信的5.We should see ourselves as part of nature rather than in C with it .(P57 53)A argumentB connectionC conflict 冲突矛盾D crash6.Don't A to let me know if there's anything I can do for you .(P57 55)A hesitate 犹豫B rejectC puzzleD thrill7.Traditional Chinese food is far B to McDonald's an KFC or any other fast foods I know.(P57 57)A immuneB superior 优于C essentialD similar8.His bedroom B a single bed with a small television at its foot .(P57 60)A makes upB consists of 由…组成C lays outD serves as9.According to a recent poll , 61 percent of American high school students have admitted to cheating on exams at least once . (admitted to doing sth )(P187 第1段第1行)根据最近的民意调查显示，61美国高中学生比例已经承认考试作弊至少一次。
大英II补考复习资料
优先背诵红色字体部分段落翻译Unit 1Para.10To local historians, this explanation makes total sense. One historian said, “we should not rewrite the past. Ray Kroc did not invent McDonald’s. The McDonald brothers did.”在当地的历史学家看来，这种解释颇有道理。
有位历史学家说：“历史不容篡改。
雷。
克罗克没有创建麦当劳。
创建麦当劳的是麦氏兄弟。
”Para.11These days, a group of historians want the building to be added to the National Register of Historic Places so that the city of Downey will be able to stop McDonald’s from tearing the building down. The McDonald’s managers are very angry, and have abandoned the structure.这些天来，一组历史学家希望将该处建筑列入国家历史文物保护单位名册，这样，唐尼镇就能使麦当劳免遭拆除。
麦当劳的经理们非常恼火，因而将房屋弃置一旁。
Para.12Everyone hopes that the McDonald’s managers and the people of Downey will soon find peace. The building is still there, but boards cover the windows. Even so, people drive by to remember their McDonald’s, taking pictures of a moment in history before it gets taken away.人人都希望麦当劳经理们与唐尼的居民很快达成一致。
中国海洋大学大英二-4-6单元课本翻译
中国海洋大学大英二-4-6单元课本翻译Unit41. He had good reason to be grateful for the opportunities which they had made available to him and which ______ led to the good position he now held.A) consequently 因此B) continuously C) constantly D) consistently答案：A2. Bruce Stephen gripped the ______ wheel hard as the car bounced up and down.A) stirring B) driving C) steering操纵、掌舵D) rotating【参考答案】：C3. Accuracy精度is ______ to the programming of computers.A) elementary B) fundamental基本原则C) principal D) typical【参考答案】：B4. Perhaps the price of the wine will be much higher next year because the_______ for this year’s wine harvest are poor.A) prospects前景、预期B) promises C) proposals D) privileges【参考答案】：A 5. Because of my poor eyesight I am_______ to wear glasses all the time.10. I can’t drive this car, as I’m not ____ with its controls.A) accustomed B) aware C) familiar 熟悉D) informed【参考答案】：C11. People in New York City____ that their city is the most vital有活力的city in the world.A) announce B) claim 宣称C) describe D) pronounce【参考答案】：B12. Some plants are so sensitive敏感的、灵敏的______ pollution that they can only survive in perfectly clean environment.A) from B) against C) to D) with【参考答案】：C13. Reporters asked the Congressman to _____ his position on welfare reform. A) evolve B) clarify澄清C) imply D) quote【参考答案】：B14. This terrorist attack has been _____ by the entire international community. A) condemned已被定罪的B) scolded C) criticized D) blamed【参考答案】：A15. At the same time we have to _____ longer-term plans to guide us towards sustained economic growth in the future.A) set out B) put up with C) build up D) draw up起草、草拟【参考答案】：D16. As he had worked in the army as an electrical engineer for many years, he had every _____ for the job.A) privilege B) obligation C) qualification 资格、条件D) commitment【答案】：C 17. Out of ______ revenge复仇, he did his worst to blacken her character and ruin her reputation.A) perfect B) total C) sheer 绝对的D) thorough【参考答案】：C18. We are preparing a dinner for twenty people, but this table is not ____wide for our purpose.A) sufficiently充分的B) considerably C) enough D) indeed【参考答案】：A19. The rest of the family had nearly reached the river, but Jane was ____ behind as usual.A) declining B) delaying C) lacking D) lagging落后的【参考答案】：D20.This PLA soldier _______ personal danger when he jumped into the icy water to save the drowning child.A) refused B) declined C) ignored不顾、忽视D)neglected 【参考答案】：C21. The cost of the war has _____ national development by ten years.A) pulled off B) set back 推迟、使……受挫C) backed down D) called off 【参考答案】：B22. His nationality isn’t ______ to whether he’s a good lawyer.A) attacked B) relevant有关的、关系重大的C) associated D) regarding【参考答案】：B23. Surprisingly, the sixty-year-old man has acquired ________ in a foreign language through practice.A. deficiencyB. sufficiencyC. proficiency 精通、熟练D. efficiency【答案】：C24. If you _____ bright sunlight _____ dry wood with a glass, it will start burning.A) expose… toB) concentrate…on C)aim …atD) focus …on焦点……在【答案】：D25. A well-written composition ____ good choice of words and clear organization among other things.A) calls on B) calls for 呼吁C) calls up D) calls off 【参考答案】：B26.The price of beer ____ from 50 cents to $4 per liter during the summer season.A. alteredB. ranged分类C. separatedD. differed【参考答案】：B27.The boss managed to ______ the discussion away from the subject of money and into the topic of environmental protection.A. attachB. steer控制、引导C. associateD. stir【参考答案】：B28. The world’s governments have done ____ nothing to combat the threat of nuclear accidents.A. specificallyB. vitallyC. virtually事实上D. identically【参考答案】：C29. We as a company feel that it is ___ to maintain good worker-management relations.A. moderateB. specialC. absoluteD. essential本质的，基本的【参考答案】：D 30. After so many years in the military service, I’m glad to get back to ____ clothes.A. civilB. civilizedC. civilian民用的，平民的D. citizen【参考答案】：C31. President Banda’s background as a doctor has given him ________ into the medical problem that face the country. A. a view B. a vision C. an insight洞察D. a sight【参考答案】：C32. A sweet smile is a figurative expression（比喻用法）, but sweet coffee is a _____ one.A. literal 无夸张的，文字的B. literaryC. literateD. illiterate【参考答案】：A33.While there are some problems with grammar or usage语法或使用, they are not serious enough to ______ meaning.A. retortB. distort曲解、歪曲C. resortD. deny【参考答案】：B34. Once ____ of his daughter’s safety, he was casual and relaxed.A. insuredB. assured 确定、保证C. ensuredD. secured【参考答案】：B35. One can _____ even from one’s unpleasant experiences.A) obtain B) earn C) develop D) benefit收益、得益【参考答案】：D36. He carefully joined the cables and ensured the connections were ____.A. dynamicB. rigidC. solid坚固的、可靠的D. positive【参考答案】：C37. The experience that he returned to college for the courses that he failed when he was young _______ him_____much valuable time and money. A. pulled off B. set back推迟、延缓、阻碍C. backed down D. called off 【参考答案】：B 38. Many animals can ____ with their surroundings, owing to their protective coloring.保护色A. uniteB. identifyC. connectD. blend相协调【参考答案】：D39. The Chinese _________ Test (HSK) isa series test to assess the Chinese language proficiency of non-native speakers.A. CapabilityB. SufficiencyC. Proficiency 普通话水平测试D. Capacity 【答案】：C 40. The steel output of these countries fell by a wide ______ in July.A. borderB. edgeC. margin利润D. brim 【参考答案】：C41.The food in this restaurant is good and the same ______ the service.A. is true of同样的情况也发生在服务B. is true inC. be true forD. be true at【答案】：A42 The government has appealed to the truckers to ______ the strike罢工, but the truckers have vowed to stay off the roads till their demands are met.A. calls onB. calls forC. calls upD. calls off取消【参考答案】：D43. Sam’s ________ with pop music is so astonishing that he can sing a large number of pop songs.A. comprehensionB. proficiencyC. familiarity精通、熟悉D. prospect【答案】：C44. Our trip was a disaster. _______ the hotel, it was very dirty, wet, and cold. In addition, it was miles away from the city center.A.Thanks toB. For the sake ofC. In opposition toD. As for关于、至于【答案】：D45.The first part of Law school Admission Test evaluates skills in reading comprehension, in figure ________ and in the evaluation of written materials. A. classification分类、等级B. attribution C. proficiency D. column【答案】：A46. What will matter is not your _______, but your character.A. interpretationB. competence能力C. fluencyD. legitim【答案】：B47 "You can't smoke in here," Shaw said. —"Don't worry, it's not tobacco," he______.A. retorted 反驳B. distortedC. resortedD. denied【参考答案】：A48. He was satisfied that there was no legal法律_______ to the marriage.A comprehension B. proficiency C. impediment 阻碍D. prospect【答案】：C 49. All disputes in connection with this contract shall be settled through friendly_________.A. responsibilityB. attributionC. negotiation谈判D. commerce【答案】：C 50. He spoke suddenly, in barely ______ Arabic.A. comprehensible难理解的B. competentC. cautiousD. familiar 【参考答案】：A Unit51.Professor Wang has a strong view against video games and _______ the closing of all the recreation facilities for such games.A. assistsB. acknowledgesC. advocates 提倡D. admits【参考答案】：C2. The movie is not _______ for the children to see: it contains too much violence and too many love scenes.A. profoundB. validC. decent适合的、得体的D. upright【参考答案】：C3. They are trying to _______ the waste discharged by the factory for profit.A. exposeB. exhibitC. exhaustD. exploit 开发、开采【参考答案】：D4. Having had her as a professor and adviser, I can tell you that she is an_______ force who pushes her students to excel far beyond their own expectations.A. inspirational 鼓舞人心的B. educationalC. excessiveD. instantaneous【答案】：A5.We can’t help being _______ of Bob who bought a luxurious sports car just after the money was stolen from the office.A. skepticalB. appreciativeC. suspicious 怀疑D. tolerant【参考答案】：C6. ____, Chinese community organizations will have an important role to play as guardians of the Chinese language and culture.A. PreciselyB. SurprisinglyC. InitiallyD. Inevitably不可避免的【答案】：D7.The secret agent concealed her real mission, therefore many local people were _______ into thinking that she was a good person.A. betrayedB. drivenC. deceived 欺骗、背叛D. convinced【参考答案】：C8. When people become unemployed, it is ____ which is often worse than lack of wages.A. personalityB. povertyC. idleness 懒惰、闲散D. inability【参考答案】：C9. In order to stimulate the domestic economy, the government has ______ to reduce imports.A. hesitatedB. suggestedC. resortedD. pledged承诺、保证【参考答案】：D10. The firefighter rescued a child from the burning house. His action was ____.A. sufficientmendable值得赞美的C. supplementaryD. commonplace【答案】：B11. American football and baseball are becoming known to the British public through televised _______ from the United States.A. deliveries B transmissions传输C. transfer D. transportation【答案】：B 12. This writer, as well as his _______, was interested in the same subjects.A contemporaries 同龄人B temporaries C. temperaments D. temptations【答案】：A 13. I think the way she’s been treated is a _______ disgrace耻辱.A. partialB. downright 明显的C. partlyD. complementary【参考答案】：B14. I have to question the _______ of forcing the injured to pay for the damage to the equipment.A. morality道德B. obstructionC. conscienceD. advantage【参考答案】：A15.They suggest that virtues is an essential ingredient in the _______ for success.A. reciteB. receiptC. receptionD. recipe 秘诀【参考答案】：D16. I have battled with my _______ over whether I should actually send this letter.A consciousnessB conscientiousnessC conscience良心、道德心D. consideration 【答案：C17. In defence辩护of his policy, the Minister _______ the sharp decrease in road deaths.A. pointed to 指出、表明B. pointed atC. pointed outD. pointed up【参考答案】：A 18. After a few years as a doctor, he left the profession and _______ journalism.A. took onB. took outC. took to开始从事、喜欢上D. took off【参考答案】：C19. John didn’t come to his office on time this morning, because his car _______ on the way to work.A. broke outB. broke inC. broke down出故障D. broke through【答案】：C20. Someone has stolen the secret_______ for the new drug.A. procedureB. formula 配方C. recipeD. component参考答案】：B21. Any public _______ of this information would be very damaging to the company.A. disclosure被揭露出来的事B. enclosureC. closureD. pleasure【参考答案】：A22. The _______ businessman always overcharged the young students.A. avaricious 贪婪的、贪得无厌的B. honestC. credibleD. righteous【参考答案】：A23. The clerk at the foreign exchange counter is too slow and each _____ seems to last forever.A. transaction 交易B. transmission C transportation D translation【答案】：A 24. The bad weather _____ me from attending the meeting.A. bannedB. obstructed 妨碍C. forbadeD. required【参考答案】：B25. Man will suffer many disappointments in his ______for truth.A. requestB. conquestC. quest 追求D. inquest 【参考答案】：C26. Extensive tests have been _______ on the patients.A. carried backB. carried onC. carried throughD. carried out实施【答案】：D 27. Republicans _______ three Senate seats that had been held by Democrats.A. captured 捕获、被俘的B. segmentedC. arrestedD. captivated【参考答案】：A 28. Women’s employment opportunities are often severely _______ by family commitments and by low expectations.A. sustainedB. detainedC. remainedD. constrained被强迫【参考答案】：D29. Did he feel any _______ for the victim of his crime?A. compassB. companionC. companyD. compassion同情、怜悯【参考答案】：D 30. This technical _______will save us much time and labor.A. qualification B innovation 创新、革新C. evaluation D. inspiration【答案】：B31. The film _______ the idea that women should be pretty and dumb.A. advancesB. refinesC. restoresD. reinforces加固【参考答案】：D32. Anyone with _______ common sense could have seen that the plan wouldn’t work.A. a multitude ofB. a myriad ofC. a modicum of少量的D. the bulk of 【答案】：C33. The train was _______ because of the accident and many people got injured.A. derailed出轨B. delayedC. blockedD. denounced【参考答案】：A34. Opposition leaders said that the elections had been _______ by corruption.A. faintedB. paintedC. pollutedD. tainted变质的、被污染的【参考答案】：D 35. Your _______ shows that you’re just the one we need.A. testimonial推荐书、证明书B. testamentC. textureD. evident【参考答案】：A36. The continuity of purpose is one of the most essential ingredients of happiness _______ and for most men this comes chiefly through their work. A. in accordance B. in consequence C. in the long run 长远、终究D. incorrespondence【参考答案】：C37. The committee is totally opposed_______ any changes being made in the plans.A. ofB. onC. to 反对D. against【参考答案】：C38. The _______ of the rescue equipment has still to be assessed in a real emergency.A. facilityB. realityC. mobilityD. utility 实用、效用、功用【参考答案】：D39. The moody athlete was _______ with loaded questions such as why he didn’t quit skating since he had always choked at big events.A. inflictedB. plagued 困扰、折磨C. embracedD. plunged【参考答案】：B40. They sued the company for _______ of contract合同.A. breach违背B. breakdownC. collapseD. transgression【参考答案】：A41. Local housing authorities have been _______ by the housing crisis to make offers of sub-standard accommodation.A. compensatedB. enragedC. spurredD. compelled迫使【参考答案】：D42. His novel is a vivid _______ of life ina mining community.A. paintingB. portrayal描绘、画像C. executionD. criticism【参考答案】：B 43. Over a _______ of only three years, shopping online has become an integral part of many people’s everyday life.A. sessionB. passageC. span 经过一段……D. scope【参考答案】：C44. I can’t take any_______; th e others did all the work.A. pointB. commentC. conductD. credit 信任【参考答案】：D45. The boss said that the error the employee had made would come back to _______ them for years to come.A. publishB. haunt 栖息地、常去的地方C. impressD. improve【参考答案】：B46. If you give your baby juice, you should _______ it well with cooled, boiled water.A. dilute 稀释、冲淡B. stirC. diffuseD. disperse【参考答案】：A47. There is a(n) _______ assumption假定、设想that younger workers are easier to train.A. potentialB. definiteC. inherentD. underlying潜在的、潜意识的【参考答案】：D48. The applications were carefully_______ in case any of them contained false information.A. selectedB. screened 筛选C. inscribedD. presented【参考答案】：B49. Beat the mixture until it has the_______ of thick cream.A. dentistryB. intensityC. consistency稠度、相容性D. competency【参考答案】：C 50. They both have learnt that ambitionand successful fatherhood can be mutually互相的_______.A. tolerantB. exclusive 排外的、排斥的C. acceptableD. indispensable【参考答案】：BUnit61. Sadly, as spending on private gardens has _____, spending on public parks has generally declined.A. heightenedB. liftedC. flownD. soared 飙升、骤然上升【参考答案】：D2. A safety analysis _____ the target as a potential danger. Unfortunately, it was never done.A. would identifyB. will identifyC. would have identified 已经确定了D. will have identified【参考答案】：C3. I find this treatment very _____ to my health.A. advisableB. invaluableC. beneficial有益的D. worthy【参考答案】：C4. The goal is to make higher education available to everyone who is willing and capable能干的_____ his financial situation.A. due toB. according toC. regardless of 无视、不管D. in terms of【答案】：C5. The long drawn-out ____ between the employers and workers led to the strike last week.A. communicationB. conflict冲突、斗争C. contributionD. conference【参考答案】：B 6. In _____ times human beings did not travel for pleasure but to find a more favorable climate.A. primeB. primitive 原始的、远古的C. primaryD. preliminary【参考答案】：B 7. The lost car of the Lees was found_____ in the woods off the highway.A. vanishedB. abandoned 被遗弃C. scatteredD. rejected【参考答案】：B8. It is necessary that an efficient worker _____ his work on time.（虚拟）A .accomplishes B. can accomplish C. accomplish 完成D. has accomplished【参考答案】：C9. According to psychoanalyst Sigmund Freud, wisdom comes from the _____ of maturity.A. fulfillmentB. achievement完成、达到C establishment D. accomplishment【答案】：B10. At no point south of the HanRiver_____ more than a mile（倒装）. A. the enemy didn't advance B. the enemy advanced C. did the enemy advance 比敌人提前D. didn't the enemy advance 【参考答案】：C11. We need to create education standards that prepare our next generation who will be _____ with an even more competitive market.A. tackledB. encounterC. dealtD. confronted面对【参考答案】：D12. Because a degree from a good university is the means to a better job, education is one of the most _____ areas in Japanese life.A. sophisticatedB. competitive 竞争性的C. considerateD. superficial答案】：B13. I would be sitting in a comfortable office now if I _____ more energies to my study instead of being crazy about going online at college.（虚拟）A. devotedB. would have devotedC. were to devote D had devoted投身于案】：D14. Despite their good service, most inns are less costly than hotels of _____ standards.A. equivalent等价的B. alikeC. uniformD. likely【参考答案】：A15. Extensive reporting on television has helped to _____ interest in a wide variety of sports and activities.A. gatherB. generate 使形成C. assembleD. yield【参考答案】：B16. The service operates 36 libraries throughout the country, while six _____ libraries specially serve the countryside.A. mobile 非固定的B. driftingC. shiftingD. rotating【参考答案】：A17. Many novels that attempt to mirror反射the world are real _____ of the reality that they represent描绘.A. reflections 真实地反映现实B. demonstrationsC. illuminationsD. reproductions【参考答案】：A18. You don't have to install this radio in your new car, it's an _____ extra.A. excessiveB. optional可选择的、随意的C. additionalD. arbitrary【参考答案】：B 19. Under the guidance of their teacher, the pupils are building a model boat_____ by steam.A. towedB. pressedC. tossedD. propelled驱使、以……为动力【参考答案】：D20. Students with _____ problems may apply for student loans.A. economicB. financial 经济C. maleD. economical【参考答案】：B21. Their profits have grown rapidly in recent years，and this ______ tendency is expected to continue.A. downwardB. upward向上的C. backwardD. forward【参考答案】：B 22. The basic causes are unknown,although certain conditions that may lead to cancer have been _____.A. Identified经坚定地B. guaranteedC. notifiedD. conveyed【参考答案】：A 23. He asked for ice for his whiskey and _____ to drink.A. proceedB. processedC. proceeded 继续D. processing【参考答案】：C24. He is planning another business tour abroad, yet his passport will _____ at the end of this month.A. expire期满B. exceedC. terminateD. cease【参考答案】：A25. Grain production in the world is_____, but still millions go hungry.A. staggeringB. shrinkingC. increasing 增加D .suspending【参考答案】：C26. Having given up the surgical treatment, he is currently on _________ for his heart.A. medicalB. medication药物治疗C. medicineD. mediate 【参考答案】：B 27. The military on both sides areinvolved in ________ battle.A. intensiveB. intendedC. intense激烈的D. extensive【参考答案】：C28. Your ________ is your good opinion of yourself or your respect for yourself.A. self-conceitB. self-confidentC.self-assured D. self-esteem自尊案】：D 29. Last Sunday evening we went to the school playground to _________the school football team.A. root fromB. root upC. root for 为……加油、支持D. root out【参考答案】：C 30. She ______ herself with the campaign against drug abuse.A. identified鉴定、辨认B. recognizedC. abandonedD. concluded【参考答案】：A 31. Your statement is in _________ with the rest of evidence.A. confrontationB. conflict在冲突中C. clashD. contradict 【参考答案】：B32. Later, some of his findings__________ much popular interest in his book.A. roseB. aroused 唤醒C. aroseD. raised 【参考答案】：B33. The lost explorers ate birds' eggs to ________ starvation饥饿.A. hustleB. attackC. pretendD. stave off 延缓、缓解【参考答案】：D34. I did not _______from the difficulty.A. retainB. restrainC. retreat 后退D. resort【参考答案】：C35. Do you believe that there's a__________ between smoking and heart disease?A. relationshipB. bondC. concernD. connection联系、关系、关联【参考答案】：D36. Hardly___________________ a student came to visit her. （倒装）A. she had gone out whenB. had she gone out whenC. she had gone out thanD. had she gone out than【参考答案】：B37. The father in the film is ___________ as a fairly unpleasant character.A. describeB. drawnC. picturedD. portrayed描绘、扮演【参考答案】：D38. We should ________ ourselves assiduously and faithfully to the duties of our profession.A. donateB. contributeC. devote 致力于、奉献D. endow【参考答案】：C39. His addiction to drugs _________ him towards a life of crime.A. expelledB. repelledC. propelled推动、驱使D. rebelled 【参考答案】：C40. He was so absorbed in the research that he had no time left for _________ activities.A. amusedB. entertainC. funnyD. recreational娱乐的、消遣的【参考答案】：D 41. Don’t worry about my illness; what I need is ___ a day’s rest.A. anything butB. but forC. rather thanD. nothing but只有、只不过【参考答案】：D42. The newspapers are full of such ___ news nowadays as crime, natural disasters, and rising prices.A. depressedB. depressing 压抑的、使人沮丧的C. impressedD. repressed 【答案】：B43. The news evidence ______ my argument that they took advantage of the chance.A. set upB. backed up 支持C.drew upD. picked up【参考答案】：B44. _____ the condition of the engine, it is a wonder that it even starts.A. Given 考虑到……的状况B. GivingC. RegardedD. Consider 【参考答案】：A 45. The jury _______, from the evidence, that she was guilty.A. includedB. propelledC. concluded推论的D. depressed【参考答案】：C46. The issue has caused great tension紧张、不安between the two countries and could lead to a military 军事的________.A. alienationB. prowessC. connectionD. confrontation 对抗、对峙、交锋【答案】：D47. We don’t think your proposal quite_______, so you should give it up.A. in faithB. in a wayC. in place 得当、恰当D. at large【参考答案】：C48. For 12 ye ars, we’ve sought to ______ this ultimate threat of disaster.A. stave off避开、延缓B. root forC. back upD. rely on 【参考答案】：A49. ______ he works hard, I don't mind when he finishes the experiment.A .As soon as B. As well as C. As far as D. So long as只要【参考答案】：D50. There is little chance that mankind would __________ a nuclear war.A. retainB. endureC. maintainD. survive 幸存、生还【参考答案】：D。
英语II(2)(Unit31–Unit33)部分课文翻译
英语II(2)（Unit31–Unit33）部分翻译Unit 31Activity 1在欧洲假期最短工作时间也最长的是英国的从业人员。
最近一项调查表明，在欧洲假期最短，工作时间最长的国家是英国。
在英国，每人一周平均工作43.6小时——远高于其它国家。
欧盟的平均水平是每周40小时左右。
令人惊讶的是欧盟有十分之一的从业人员每周工作超过61小时。
不仅如此，一名从业人员一年只有20天的假期。
然而，有趣的是，尽管英国和欧盟的其他国家相比，假期最短，工作时间最长，可是英国的人均国内生产总值却是欧洲最地中海国家，像西班牙，葡萄牙和意大利，有着欧洲最长的假期，天数从33天到36天不等尽管奥地利与欧洲其它国家相期最长（平均38天）但它的人均国内生产总值却高于平均水平。
Activity 2欢迎投稿为什么你会这样想？请将你对这个话题发表看法？来稿1:有趣的是，那些假期较短，工作时间较长的国家的人们，生产率却较低。
我的老板们有一种‘只有没用的人才度假’的观可是依我看，人们应该休休假，否则就会太疲劳，迟早也会离开公司。
我觉得培训新员工很费时，更好的做法是留住老员工，（她）们安排休假。
来稿2:我是一名经理，我承认对雇员和雇主来说灵活性在工作中很重要，我们必须让需要休假的员工得到假期。
让员工享受充足的拥有合理的工作时间，这样才能把工作做得更好。
就是在昨天我还建议我的秘书说她该利用周末多休息几天了。
来稿3:我在美国和日本都曾工作过很长时间，这两个国家的压力都很高。
但有趣的是，日本的工作时间正在逐渐下降，假期时间增加，但在美国的工作时间却越来越长，假期却越来越短。
尽管美国是世界上生产率最高的国家，但其他国家正在迅速赶上。
Activity 8 Extract2兰兰正在就她的日本之行接受采访。
采访者：从你去日本旅行回来到现在已经四个月了。
那次旅行给你印象最深的什么？兰兰：两件事——当地人民的热情好客，以及日本人在环境保护方面所做出的努力。
高职大英2 Unit2
Unit 2 Trends and Fads (1-2学时)授课教师：授课日期：授课班次：重点、难点：1.掌握文章的大意；2.熟悉并理解文章的内容；3.掌握文中重要语法知识。
教学方法：1.教师讲课（1）以讨论和提问的方法导入文章的主题；（2）通过提问法帮助学生掌握文章的大意及文章的细节；（3）通过提问法帮助学生掌握文章的结构及写作方法2.学生学习应采用的方法：（1）课前预习文章；（2）积极参与小组讨论和其它课堂活动；（3）课后及时复习，并积极完成布置的作业。
教学互动设计：1.提出与课文主题相关的问题，学生先进行分组讨论，然后回答；2.通过提问、举例、提示等方法引导学生掌握文章结构和大意；3.通过举例、造句、翻译等方法扩大学生的词汇量。
教学步骤及时间分配：1. Oral Report (5 mins)2. Objectives (2 mins)3. Lead-in (15 mins)4. Text Analysis (30 mins)5. Text Understanding (30 mins)6. Words& phrases (15mins)7. Summary (2 mins)8. Assignments (1 min)Unit 2 Trends and Fads (3-4学时) 授课教师：授课日期：授课班次：重点、难点1. 掌握重点词汇短语和句型2. 加深对课文内容的理解教学方法1. 教师讲课拟采用的方法（1）以提问的方法复习文章的主题（2）通过举例法、造句法等帮助学生掌握文章重点短语（3）通过模仿帮助学生掌握重点句型2. 学生学习应采用的方法（1）课前预习文章的重点词汇、短语及句型（2）积极参与小组讨论和其它课堂活动（3）课后及时复习，并积极完成布置的作业教学互动设计1. 提出与课文内容相关的问题，学生先进行小组讨论，然后回答2. 功过提问、举例、提示等方法引导学生进一步理解课文3. 通过举例、造句、翻译等方法扩大学生的词汇和掌握重点句型4. 通过讨论的方法学习课文叙述方法教学步骤及时间分配1. Oral report (5 mins)2. Review (5 mins)3. Objectives (1 min)4. Words& phrases（35 mins）5. Language points (49 mins)6. Summary (3 mins)7. Assignments (2 mins)Unit 2 Trends and Fads (5-6学时) 授课教师：授课日期：授课班次：重点难点1. 掌握语法：Basic writing skills: Tenses；2. 掌握英文邀请信格式，并学会书写英文邀请信答复。
全新版大英第三册(第二版)课文翻译(超级详细准确的哦!)
5 In between such chores, I manage to spend 50 to 60 hours a week at the typewriter or doing reporting for the freelance articles I sell to magazines and newspapers. Sandy, meanwhile, pursues her own demanding schedule. Besides the usual household routine, she oversees the garden and beehives, bakes bread, cans and freezes, drives the kids to their music lessons, practices with them, takes organ lessons on her own, does research and typing for me, writes an article herself now and then, tends the flower beds, stacks a little wood and delivers the eggs. There is, as the old saying goes, no rest for the wicked on a place like this -- and not much for the virtuous either. 在这些活计之间，我每周要抽空花五、六十个小时，不是打字撰文，就是为作为自由撰稿人投给报刊的文章进行采访。桑迪则有她自己繁忙的工作日程。除了日常的家务，她还照管菜园和蜂房，烘烤面包，将食品装罐、冷藏，开车送孩子学音乐，和他们一起练习，自己还要上风琴课，为我做些研究工作并打字，自己有时也写写文章，还要侍弄花圃，堆摞木柴、运送鸡蛋。正如老话说的那样，在这种情形之下，坏人不得闲――贤德之人也歇不了。
21世纪大学英语读写教程(第二册)课文翻译及课后答案1-7单元
21世纪大学英语读写教程(第二册)课文翻译及课后答案1-7单元一耕耘～一收获答案只是考～获大家努力自份份参学世获大英获获程学写教第二册获文获及获后答翻21()案第一获元UNIT1翻获TEXT A温斯获丘吉获他的一获生活——另?获获索姆斯?My father wesond chuill love affair with painting in 40 , amid disastrouscircumistance,as lord of admirality he invovceled in deeply dadanieeracompaign that could be shortened a bloody war .with mission failed 我的父获斯获温丘吉获是在几恋画当获获始迷上获的～获他正身获?40 逆境。
年～作获海获大臣～他深深地卷入了尼获海的一获获达达峡1915役。
原本那次获役是能获获短一获血腥的世界大获的～但却失获了～人它获获亡重～获此丘吉获作获公获获和人都付出了代价,他被免去了海惨个获部的获获～失去了获赫的政治地位。
“我本以获他因获获而死的。
”他的妻子克获泰因获。
被获一不会莱幸获获的他同家人一起退获到获里郡的一获获居获个耘获获获。
在那～正儿---如丘吉获日后所回获的～“获女神拯救了我画!”一天他正在花里漫步～正巧上他的弟妹在用水彩素描。
园碰画他获看了分获～然后借获的～获了一下身手她几她画笔于是获斯女神----施展了的魔法。
自那天以后～斯获便获上了获。
她温画任何能获浸在获思中的斯获分心的事情都获克获泰因高获。
于沉温莱是～获去获所能到的各获获料和具。
水彩获料、油获料、获获她赶来她找画画、帆布布画很个画快耘获获获里便堆获了一获获者可能想要或需要的各获获--- 西。
油最获成了斯获的一大获好画画温但是最初步却出奇地获获。
他几--- 凝获着他的第一获空白布～乎获常地获获。
他日后回获道,“我获画异疑不地获了一管获色获料～然后小心翼翼地在雪白的底子上的上决画蚕笔听来声豆般大小的一。
新编大学英语Book2Unit3课后练习答案和课文翻译
Unit 3 Born to WinIn-Class Reading课内阅读参考译文生而成功一个人不可能事事由别人来教你，只能在别人的帮助下靠自己去发现。
——伽利略1 每个人生来都是独特的，与众不同的。
每个人都有能力以自己特有的方式去赢得成功。
每个正常人都能够看、听、触摸、品尝并且思考自己的事情。
每个人都有自己特有的潜在性――能力和局限性。
每个人都能凭自己的本事成为举足轻重、会思考、明事理、创造性成果颇多的人——一位成功的人。
2 “成功者”和“失败者”这两个词有多种意思。
当我们把一个人称作成功者时，我们所指的并不是那种通过优势战胜他人而获得成功的人。
而是一个无论是作为个体或是社会的成员他都能可靠、迅速地采取行动做出真诚回应的人。
失败者是一个不会采取行动作出真诚回应的人。
3 很少有人是绝对的成功者或失败者。
这（成败）只是一个程度的问题。
然而，当一个人一旦具有了成为成功者的能力时，（他）经常获得成功的可能性就会更大。
4 对成功者来说成就不是最重要的；最重要的是真诚。
真诚的人知道自己的独特之处，也赞赏他人的这一特点。
5 成功者是不怕独立思考并运用自己知识的。
他能把客观事实与主观意见区分开来，而且不会装作能解决一切问题。
他倾听他人、评价他们说的话，却能得出自己的结论。
6 成功者能灵活变通。
（他）遇事不会采用已有的、刻板的方式行事。
他能根据形势的需要改变自己的计划。
成功者热爱生活。
他乐于工作、喜爱游玩、享受美食、欣赏他人和自然带来的乐趣。
他心安理得地欣喜自己的成就。
他（也）毫无妒忌地欣赏他人的成绩。
7 成功者关心天下、关爱世人。
他贴近社会上普遍存在的问题。
他努力提高生活质量。
即使面对国内和国际上的难题，他也不会认为自己是无能为力的。
他做一切力所能及的事，使世界变得更美好。
8 即使人们生来注定会成功，但也是生来就要完全依赖于周围环境的。
成功者顺利地完成从依赖到独立的转变。
失败者则没有做到这一点。
在这一过程的某个时候失败者开始回避独立。
新标准大英二课文翻译
新标准大英二课文翻译The Veldt。
It was a hot day in August, and the family had just moved into a new home. The house was a marvel of technology, with automatic devices to cook, clean, and even tie the children's shoes. The children, Peter and Wendy, were delighted with the house's "nursery," a virtual reality room that could create any environment they desired. Their parents, George and Lydia, were pleased with the convenience of the house, but they soon became concerned about the children's obsession with the nursery.The nursery seemed to be stuck on an African veldt, with lions and vultures circling in the distance. George and Lydia were disturbed by the realistic nature of the nursery and the children's refusal to leave its virtual world. They decided to call in a psychologist to take a look at the situation.The psychologist, David McClean, was shocked by what he saw in the nursery. The children had become completely attached to the virtual world, and it seemed to be affecting their behavior. McClean suggested that the family shut down the nursery and spend more time together as a family.George and Lydia were hesitant to shut down the nursery, as they had become reliant on the house's technology. However, they agreed to give it a try. When they told the children about their decision, Peter and Wendy became angry and defiant. They begged and pleaded for the nursery to stay open, but George and Lydia stood firm.As the days went by, the children's behavior became more and more erratic. They became sullen and withdrawn, and George and Lydia began to fear for their safety. One day, they heard a scream coming from the nursery and rushed to see what had happened. To their horror, they found that the nursery had created a virtual version of themselves being attacked by lions.Realizing the danger the nursery posed, George and Lydia quickly shut it down and called McClean for help. McClean arrived and helped the family come to terms with thesituation. They all agreed to spend more time together as a family and to rely less on technology.In the end, the family learned the importance of human connection and the dangers of becoming too reliant on technology. They vowed to create a more balanced and healthy lifestyle for themselves, free from the dangers of the virtual world.The End.。
大英博物馆的英文单词
大英博物馆的英文单词单词：The British Museum1. 定义与释义1.1词性：名词1.2中文释义：大英博物馆，位于英国伦敦的大型综合性博物馆，收藏众多来自世界各地的文物和艺术品。
1.3英文释义：A largeprehensive museum located in London, England, housing a vast collection of cultural relics and artworks from all over the world.1.4相关词汇：museum - 博物馆（同义词）；gallery - 美术馆（近义词）；curator - 馆长（派生词）---2. 起源与背景2.1词源：“The British Museum”直接表示“英国的博物馆”，其中“British”源自古英语“Bryttisc”，表示与不列颠有关的。
2.2趣闻：大英博物馆的藏品来源广泛，其中很多是在英国殖民时期从世界各地收集而来，这也引发了许多关于文物归属权的争议。
例如，一些希腊文物，希腊一直希望大英博物馆归还。
---3. 常用搭配与短语3.1短语：(1) The British Museum collection：大英博物馆藏品例句：The British Museum collection is so diverse that it can take days to fully explore.翻译：大英博物馆的藏品如此多样，要完全参观可能需要好几天。
(2) Exhibits in The British Museum：大英博物馆中的展品例句：Many of the exhibits in The British Museum are ancient artifacts.翻译：大英博物馆中的许多展品都是古代文物。
(3) Visit The British Museum：参观大英博物馆例句：Thousands of touristse to visit The British Museum every year.翻译：每年有成千上万的游客来参观大英博物馆。
大英三课文翻译
大英三课文翻译A Brush with the Law与警察的一场小冲突I have only once been in trouble with the law. 我平生只有一次跟警方发生纠葛。
The whole process of being arrested and taken to court was a rather unpleasant experience at the time, but it makes a good story now. 被捕和出庭的整个过程在当时是一件非常不愉快的事，但现在倒成了一篇很好的故事。
What makes it rather disturbing was the arbitrary circumstances both of my arrest and my subsequent fate in court. 这次经历令人可恼之处在于围绕着我的被捕以及随后庭上审讯而出现的种种武断专横的情况。
It happened in February about twelve years ago. 事情发生在大约12年前，其时正是2月。
I had left school a couple of months before that and was not due to go to university until the following October. 几个月前我中学毕业了，但上大学要等到10月。
I was still living at home at the time. 当时我还在家中居住。
One morning I was in Richmond, a suburb of London near where I lived. 一天早晨，我来到里士满。
这里是伦敦的一个郊区，离我住的地方不远。
I was looking for a temporary job so that I could save up some money to go travelling. 我在寻找一份临时工作，以便积些钱去旅游。
大英_课后翻译与练习答案
大英_课后翻译与练习答案Unit1课文翻译本文是苹果计算机公司和皮克斯动画工作室的首席执行官史蒂夫·乔布斯于2005年6月12日在斯坦福大学毕业典礼上的演讲稿。
1 今天，我很荣幸能来到这所世界顶尖大学参加你们的毕业典礼。
我大学没有毕业。
说实话，现在是我最接近大学毕业的时刻。
我在里德学院读了6个月就退学了，但是作为旁听生又在那里待了18个月左右，然后才真正离开学校。
那么我为什么要退学呢？2 这要从我还没有出生的时候说起。
我的生母是个年轻未婚的研究生，因此她决定把我送给别人收养。
她觉得我必须由有大学学历的人收养。
于是，她安排好了一切，只要我一出生，就把我交给一位律师和他的妻子收养。
但是我出生之后，他们在最后一刻决定他们还是想要一个女孩。
当时我父母还在候补名单上，一天半夜他们接到一个电话，问他们：“有个新生儿，是意外怀上的，是个男孩，你们要吗？”他们回答：“当然要。
”但是，我的生母随后发现我母亲大学没有毕业，我父亲甚至连高中也没毕业，因此拒绝在最后几份领养文件上签字。
直到几个月后，我父母承诺将来一定让我上大学，她才同意了。
这就是我生命的开始。
3 17年后，我确实上了大学。
但是出于无知，我选了一所几乎与斯坦福一样昂贵的学校，因此，工薪阶层的父母把所有积蓄都花在了我的学费上。
6个月过去了，我看不到其中的价值所在。
我不知道我的人生定位，也不知道大学将如何帮我找到答案，而我正在这里耗尽父母一生的积蓄。
所以我决定退学，并相信一切都会顺利。
这在当时看来非常可怕，但现在回头看看，那是我做过的最棒的决定之一。
从退学的那一刻起，我就不用再上那些不感兴趣的必修课，而开始去学那些看上去更有意思的课程。
但一切也不全是这么美妙。
我没有自己的宿舍，只有在朋友的房间里打地铺；我拣可乐瓶子，把退来的5美分押金攒起来去买吃的；而到了每个周日晚上，我都会步行7英里，穿过城镇去克利须那觉悟会的庙宇饱餐一顿。
我喜欢这样。
我依照好奇心和直觉做事，大多事后证明是非常值得的。
大英5部分课文翻译
在俄亥俄州的希尔斯伯勒乡间，桑迪•斯旺克冒着瓢泼大雨，沿着漆黑的路缓慢地开着车。
她一边开车一边想：“那条岔路在哪儿呢？”她刚参加了朋友家的晚会，玩得很开心。
但是现在我迷路了，她叹了口气。
她两眼一直望着外面，沿着路找岔路——直到后面车辆的车头灯照到她的后视镜发出刺眼的强光时，这位49岁的祖母才禁不住往上瞟了一眼。
那仅仅是一瞬间——但却足以使她因看不清楚而撞上了停车标牌。
“不，”她尖叫一声，猛踩剎车，此时车子打滑、打转，接着就从路堤栽进了一条因雨水而上涨的小溪里。
“我得出去！”当冷水没过了她的脚脖子时，桑迪惊恐地意识到了这一点。
她迅速解开安全带，伸手去开门。
但是电子门锁和车窗开关都失灵打不开了。
这时，小溪的脏水已经涨到了她的腰部，更使她心惊胆战的是，她突然意识到：我被困住了——我要死了！她恐慌极了。
“上帝，求求你，派人来救我！”她尖叫道。
会有人来搭救她的——搭救者曾亲眼目睹过一次车祸，并希望抹去那段可怕的记忆。
在后来的几分钟里，桑迪和这位陌生人将会和自然进行一场殊死搏斗，以拯救一个人的生命，和另一个人的灵魂。
在桑迪之后，来了一辆卡车，车里的两个人已经用手机给911拨了紧急救援电话。
现在警官娇达•汉普顿巡逻车中的无线电呼叫道：“多森小溪有车被困！”娇达和她的同伴——志愿警官马特•霍姆斯——两分钟后就赶到了现场，她把警车的聚光灯打在那辆上。
汽车在离岸八英尺的湍流中被一棵倒下的树卡住了。
两个男人在大声叫喊着：“有人被困在里面了！”“我的上帝啊！”娇达边跑边气喘吁吁地说。
“悲剧不能重演！”当娇达走入急流时，她看见了一个被困在车里的女人的轮廓，听到她从车内发出的低沉的喊叫声。
娇达想：这情景太熟悉了，太让人难以忍受了。
当多年以前另外一起事故的记忆闪过她的脑海时，水流将娇达冲得站不住脚。
她紧紧地抓住那棵树。
“太危险了！”她的同伴大叫，随后三个男人将她从水中拽了回来。
然而娇达只看见不断上涨的大水，过不了几分钟就会把车吞没了。
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大学已经不再特别了有这么一种说法：“要是你能记得20世纪60年代的任何事情，你就没有真正经历过那段岁月。
”对于在大麻烟雾中度过大学时光的那些人，这话可能是真的。
但是，20世纪60年代有一件事人人都记得，那就是：上大学是你一生中最激动人心、最刺激的经历。
20世纪60年代，加州的高校把本州变成了世界第七大经济实体。
然而，加州大学的主校园伯克利分校也以学生示威、罢课以及激进的政治氛围而著名。
1966年，罗纳德•里根竞选加州州长，他问加州是否允许“一所伟大的大学被喧闹的、唱反调的少数人征服。
”自由派人士回答说，大学之所以伟大正是因为它们有能力容忍喧闹的、唱反调的少数人。
在欧洲的大学校园里，大学生以新的姿态和激情投入到争取自由和正义的事业中去，大规模的社会主义或共产主义运动引发了他们与当权者之间日益升级的暴力冲突。
许多抗议是针对越南战争的。
可是在法国，巴黎大学的学生与工会联盟，发动了一场大罢工，最终导致戴高乐总统辞职。
20世纪60年代大学生活的特点并不仅仅是激进的行动。
不论在什么地方，上大学都意味着你初次品尝真正自由的滋味，初次品尝深更半夜在宿舍或学生活动室里讨论人生意义的滋味。
你往往得上了大学才能阅读你的第一本禁书，看你的第一部独立影人电影，或者找到和你一样痴迷吉米•亨德里克斯或兰尼•布鲁斯的志同道合者。
那是一段难以想象的自由时光，你一生中最无拘无束的时光。
可如今那份激情哪儿去了？大学怎么了？现在，政治、社会和创造意识的觉醒似乎不是凭借大学的助力，而是冲破其阻力才发生的。
当然，一点不假，高等教育仍然重要。
例如，在英国，布莱尔首相几乎实现了到2010年让50％的30岁以下的人上大学的目标（即使愤世嫉俗的人会说，这是要把他们排除在失业统计数据之外）。
不过，大学教育已不再是全民重视的话题了。
如今，大学被视为人们急于逃离的一种小城镇。
有些人辍学，但大多数已经有些麻木，还是坚持混到毕业，因为离开学校实在是太费事了。
没有了20世纪60年代大学生所发现的令人头脑发热的自由气氛，如今的大学生要严肃得多。
英国文化协会最近做了一项调查，研究外国留学生在决定上哪所大学时所考虑的因素。
这些因素从高到低依次是：课程质量、就业前景、学费负担、人身安全问题、生活方式，以及各种便利。
大学已变成实现目的的手段，是在就业市场上增加就业几率的一个机会，上大学本身不再是目的，不再是给你提供一个机会，让你暂时想象一下：你能够改变世界。
童年与大学之间的距离已缩小了，大学与现实世界之间的距离也缩小了。
其中的一个原因可能和经济有关。
在一个没有保障的世界里，现在的许多孩子依赖父母资助的时间比以前的孩子更长。
21世纪的学生大学毕业后根本无法自立门户，因为那太昂贵了。
另一个可能的原因是通讯革命。
儿子或女儿每学期往家里打一两回电话的日子一去不复返了。
如今，大学生通过手机与父母保持着脐带式联系。
至于寻找痴迷无名文学或音乐的同道好友，没问题，我们有互联网和聊天室来帮助我们做到这一点。
“幸福啊，活在那个黎明之中，年轻更是如进天堂！”华兹华斯的诗句说的可能是法国大革命，但是对于20世纪60年代的大学生而言，这样的诗句同样真实生动。
可是为什么对于如今的大学生来说，它们就不真实了呢？后一切的一代弗兰克•托马斯是普林斯顿大学二年级学生，主修文学理论专业。
他希望当人权律师。
我从没指望通过上文学理论课来了解我这一代人的特征，或了解美国大学在如何变化。
这门课是让你在课堂上扮酷的——带着一丝熬夜太多的困劲儿，穿着一件T恤衫，上面印着“去过那儿，干过那事儿，对，这就是那件T恤衫”或诸如此类带有揶揄意味的俏皮话。
我是这样在课上消磨时间的：一边费力地听着性别理论和后殖民主义这样艰深的话题，一边用我的iPod检索着好听的音乐。
可是当我开始学习后现代主义的时候，我突然咔嗒一声开了窍。
我提起精神，开始重新审视大学生活。
那么，什么是后现代主义呢？很难说，从定义角度来说，后现代主义几乎是无法定义的……就是有点儿否定和反对先前的一切的意思。
这就让人很难看清它究竟指的是什么。
这一术语于1949年被首次使用，可是迄今为止还没有人能断定，对于文化或社会的未来，后现代态度究竟意味着什么。
但对我来说，它令我感到好奇，因为后现代似乎说的正是我那些酷劲十足、困兮兮的和冷嘲热讽、穿T恤衫的朋友们。
我们在很多方面都是“后”的：后冷战、后工业时代、后生育高峰、后9.11。
我们这一代人来自所谓的短世纪（1914-1989），生于其后期。
这个世纪充满了战争和革命，它改变了人类文明，推翻了强权政府，给我们留下了非同寻常的机会和特权。
我们所得到的机会与特权比从前任何一代人都要多。
可是我们在干什么呢？像历代大学生那样去造反、叛逆吗？在街上一遍又一遍地高喊“不看到变化，我们决不离开”吗？不，我们做着相反的事情：我们去参战，根本不问为什么；我们放弃自己的公民自由权；我们每天在晚间新闻中观看破坏和死亡。
在大学里，我们在请愿书上签名，加入各种组织，把自己的名字添加到各种邮件通讯录中，戴为癌症研究义捐的标志腕带，观看电视转播的为非洲饥民募捐明星义演音乐会和为全球气候危机募捐明星义演音乐会——甚至去音乐会现场，假如能搞到票的话。
可是我们代表什么呢？就像真正的后现代一代那样，我们无法描述我们的政治抱负，我们没有可以激发灵感、鼓舞斗志的领袖人物，我们没有哲学，我们没有方向或主题。
我们只是被我们之前的一切所定义，我们是穿切•格瓦拉T恤衫的一代。
这是一场运动，好像是鼓励个人集体地表现自我，似乎是在等待革命。
作为年轻人，人们期待我们愤怒，因为那是年轻人的正常行为。
但是，我们如何反叛怀念革命的父母一代？我们如何去反叛有时候比我们更想闹革命的父母？我们不反叛。
不反叛就是我们的反叛。
我们真正的精力不是放在校园里，而是放在互联网上。
它给我们提供了一个不断发展的交流思想和受挫感的机会。
我们不再游行示威；我们不再到街上去，我们去聊天室。
我们以往所知的美国大学即将终结。
对我这一代人来说，与激进主义相关的是“基地”组织，而不是“气象员”组织。
“校园接管”听起来不大像1968年的伯克利分校，更像2007年的弗吉尼亚州理工学院。
歌词的寓意则属于另一个时代，并不反映当今的现实。
可是，科技革命就像20世纪60年代的革命一样真实而深刻——只是不那么明显而已。
它是正在推进中的未完成的事业，但它实实在在地存在。
也许等到我们的父母不再说他们样样都好而我们一无是处时，他们或许会明白，后一切的一代说的话也有一定的意义。
我们在书写革命，我们在用自己的语言书写革命。
同感是怎样表露的霍普才九个月大，一见到另一个婴儿摔倒，泪水就涌了出来。
她爬到妈妈身边寻求安慰，就好像是她自己摔疼了。
15个月大的迈克尔去把自己的玩具熊拿来给正在大哭的朋友保罗；保罗不停地大哭的时候，迈克尔替保罗捡回他的安乐毯。
这些小小的表示同情和关爱的举动都是接受过记录同感行为训练的母亲们观察到的。
这项研究的结果表明，同感的根源可以追溯到人的婴儿期。
实际上，从出生的那天起，婴儿在听到其他婴儿哭闹的时候就会感到不安——有些人认为这种反应是同感的最初先兆。
成长心理学家发现，甚至在充分意识到自己是独立于其他人而存在之前，婴儿就感受到了同情的苦恼。
甚至在出生后几个月，婴儿就会对周围人的烦躁不安做出反应，就好像他们自己的烦躁不安一样，看到别的孩子哭也跟着哭。
到了一岁左右，他们开始意识到痛苦不是他们的，而是别人的，可是他们对这样的事情似乎还是感到不知所措。
例如，在纽约大学的马丁•L. 霍夫曼所做的一项研究中，一个一岁的孩子把自己的妈妈拉过来安慰哭闹的朋友，却忽视了同在一室的朋友的妈妈。
这样的困惑在其他一岁大的孩子身上也能看到，他们模仿别的孩子的痛苦，也许是为了更好地理解他们的感受。
例如，如果别的婴儿伤了手指，一个一岁大的孩子就会把自己的手指放进嘴里，看看自己是否也感觉到痛。
看到自己的妈妈哭，婴儿即使没有眼泪，也会擦拭自己的眼睛。
这种所谓的运动神经模仿就是“同感”的原始技术含义，而“同感”这个词于20世纪20年代由美国心理学家E. B. 铁钦纳首次使用。
铁钦纳的理论是：同感发自对他人痛苦的一种身体模仿；这种模仿继而在自身引起同样的心理感受。
他当时在寻找一个与同情有所区别的词；同情是针对他人的一般困境而发的，无须分担他人的任何感受。
小孩两岁半左右就渐渐不再有运动神经模仿行为，那时他们会意识到别人的痛苦与自己的不同，会更有能力安慰别人。
下面是摘自一位母亲日记里的典型事例：邻居家的婴儿哭了，珍妮走上前去，试图给他一些小甜饼。
她跟着他转，开始带着哭腔低声自言自语。
然后她试图抚摸他的头发，可是他躲开了……他平静下来，但是珍妮仍然面带忧色。
她继续给他拿来玩具，轻拍他的头和肩膀。
在这个年龄，幼儿对于他人感情波动的总体敏感度开始有所不同，有些像珍妮一样，感同身受，有些则不予理睬。
美国国家心理健康研究所的玛丽安•拉德克－亚罗和卡罗琳•察恩－瓦克斯勒所做的一系列研究表明，这种在同感关注方面的差异大部分与父母怎样教养子女有关。
她们发现，如果在家教中让孩子特别注意他们的恶作剧给别人造成的痛苦，比如对孩子说“瞧你让她多伤心啊”，而不是说“你真调皮”，孩子就比较有同感心。
她们也发现，观看别人遇到痛苦时其他人的反应，儿童的同感心也会受到影响。
通过模仿亲眼所见，儿童能培养出一套同感反应行为，尤其是在帮助那些痛苦的人的时候。
这位是桑迪我的朋友向生人介绍我的时候，虽然我嘴上从不说什么，但我心里喜欢得很。
我喜欢他们说“这位是桑迪——她是聋子”的时候脸上那副骄傲和荣耀的表情，就好像我证明了他们的仁德善心一样。
我也喜欢生人脸上那瞬间的震惊表情、匆忙的微笑和他们竭力装出的“正常脸色”。
如果他们这套仪式做得够好，我就会微微转过头，把头发掖到离他们较近的那只耳朵后面。
他们总会说些好话，夸我的粉红色助听器，我的朋友们则在一旁灿烂地微笑。
实际上，我在考虑开始收藏助听器。
它们是比耳环更好的首饰。
我曾经看到过一款“一夹得”带罩助听器的广告图片，产品有各种各样的形状和颜色，绝对时髦。
那就像我们上高中的时候，埃斯特的爸爸给她买的精美昂贵的手提包一样。
那时，我们其他人只有羡慕的份儿，却无法仿效，因为我们的老爸没那么多钱去娇惯我们。
而现在，只有我能戴助听器。
朋友们也就只有羡慕的份儿了。
说实话，我挺喜欢耳聋的。
在那次车祸和愚蠢的安全气囊破裂之后的头几年，日子不好过，但是现在，耳聋让我在朋友中显得很特别。
我的好朋友没有一个是听力残障的，因为我不是天生耳聋，在我失去听觉的时候，我已经有了一个固定的朋友圈。
他们中的多数人都热心积极地参加这场“表演”。
你知道，在你谈论朋友时，你会把称他们为“酒吧侍者德鲁”、“女权主义者卡罗尔”、“能用舌头给樱桃梗打结的家伙格雷格”等等。