山东师范大学244二外英语2017年考研专业课真题试卷
2017年考研英语二真题(完整版).pdf
2017年考研英语二真题（完整版）2017年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(二)Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for eachnumbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)People have speculated for centuries about a future withoutwork .Today is no different, with academics, writers, and activistsonce again 1 that technology be replacing human workers. Some imagine that the coming work-free world will be defined by 2 . A few wealthypeople will own all the capital, and the masses will struggle in an impoverished wasteland.A different and not mutually exclusive 3 holds that the futurewill be a wasteland of a different sort, one 4 by purposelessness:Without jobs to give their lives 5 , people will simply become lazyand depressed. 6 , today's unemployed don't seem to be having a great time. One Gallup poll found that 20 percent of Americans who havebeen unemployed for at least a year report having depression, doublethe rate for 7 Americans. Also, some research suggests that the 8 forrising rates of mortality, mental-health problems, and addicting 9poorly-educated middle-aged people is shortage of well-paid jobs.Perhaps this is why many 10 the agonizing dullness of a joblessfuture.But it doesn't 11 follow from findings like these that a worldwithout work would be filled with unease. Such visions are based onthe 12 of being unemployed in a society built on the concept of employment. In the 13 of work, a society designed with other ends inmind could 14 strikingly different circumstanced for the future oflabor and leisure. Today, the 15 of work may be a bit overblown."Many jobs are boring, degrading, unhealthy, and a waste of human potential," says John Danaher, a lecturer at the National Universityof Ireland in Galway.These days, because leisure time is relatively 16 for mostworkers, people use their free time to counterbalance theintellectual and emotional 17 of their jobs. "When I come home from ahard day's work, I often feel 18 ," Danaher says, adding, "In a worldin which I don't have to work, I might feel rather different"—perhaps different enough to throw himself 19 a hobby or a passionproject with the intensity usually reserved for 20 matters.1.[A] boasting [B] denying [C] warning [D] ensuring2.[A] inequality [B] instability [C] unreliability [D]uncertainty3.[A] policy [B]guideline [C] resolution [D] prediction4.[A] characterized [B]divided [C] balanced [D]measured5.[A] wisdom [B] meaning [C] glory [D] freedom6.[A] Instead [B] Indeed [C] Thus [D] Nevertheless7.[A] rich [B] urban [C]working [D] educated8.[A] explanation [B] requirement [C] compensation [D] substitute9.[A] under [B] beyond [C] alongside [D] among10.[A] leave behind [B] make up [C] worry about [D] set aside11.[A] statistically [B] occasionally [C] necessarily [D]economically12.[A] chances [B] downsides [C] benefits [D] principles13.[A] absence [B] height [C] face [D] course14.[A] disturb [B] restore [C] exclude [D] yield15.[A] model [B] practice [C] virtue [D] hardship16.[A] tricky [B] lengthy [C] mysterious [D] scarce17.[A] demands [B] standards [C] qualities [D] threats18.[A] ignored [B] tired [C] confused [D] starved19.[A] off [B] against [C] behind [D] into20.[A] technological [B] professional [C] educational [D] interpersonal Section II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below eachtext by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(40 points)Text 1Every Saturday morning, at 9 am, more than 50,000 runners set offto run 5km around their local park. The Parkrun phenomenon began witha dozen friends and has inspired 400 events in the UK and more abroad. Events are free, staffed by thousands of volunteers. Runners rangefrom four years old to grandparents; their times range from AndrewBaddeley's world record 13 minutes 48 seconds up to an hour.Parkrun is succeeding where London's Olympic "legacy" is failing.Ten years ago on Monday, it was announced that the Games of the 30th Olympiad would be in London. Planning documents pledged that thegreat legacy of the Games would be to level a nation of sport loversaway from their couches. The population would be fitter, healthierand produce more winners. It has not happened. The number of adultsdoing weekly sport did rise, by nearly 2 million in the run—up to 2012—but the general population was growing faster. Worse, thenumbers are now falling at an accelerating rate. The oppositionclaims primary school pupils doing at least two hours of sport a weekhave nearly halved. Obesity has risen among adults and children.Official retrospections continue as to why London 2012 failed to"inspire a generation." The success of Parkrun offers answers.Parkun is not a race but a time trial: Your only competitor isthe clock. The ethos welcomes anybody. There is as much joy over apuffed-out first-timer being clapped over the line as there is abouttop talent shining. The Olympic bidders, by contrast, wanted to getmore people doing sports and to produce more elite athletes. The dualaim was mixed up: The stress on success over taking part wasintimidating for newcomers.Indeed, there is something a little absurd in the state gettinginvolved in the planning of such a fundamentally "grassroots",concept as community sports associations. If there is a role for government, it should really be getting involved in providing common goods—making sure there is space for playing fields and the money topave tennis and netball courts, and encouraging the provision of allthese activities in schools. But successive governments have presidedover selling green spaces, squeezing money from local authorities and declining attention on sport in education. Instead of wordy, worthy strategies, future governments need to do more to provide theconditions for sport to thrive. Or at least not make them worse.21. According to Paragraph1, Parkrun has .[A] gained great popularity[B] created many jobs[C] strengthened community ties[D] become an official festival22. The author believes that London's Olympic"legacy" has failedto .[A] boost population growth[B] promote sport participation[C] improve the city's image[D] increase sport hours in schools23. Parkrun is different from Olympic games in that it .[A] aims at discovering talents[B] focuses on mass competition[C] does not emphasize elitism[D] does not attract first-timers24. With regard to mass sport, the author holds that governmentsshould .[A] organize "grassroots" sports events[B] supervise local sports associations[C] increase funds for sports clubs[D] invest in public sports facilities25. The author's attitude to what UK governments have done forsports is .[A] tolerant[B] critical[C] uncertain[D] sympatheticText 2 With so much focus on children's use of screens, it'seasy for parents to forget about their own screen use. "Tech isdesigned to really suck on you in," says Jenny Radesky in her studyof digital play, "and digital products are there to promote maximal engagement. It makes it hard to disengage, and leads to a lot ofbleed-over into the family routine. "Radesky has studied the use of mobile phones and tablets atmealtimes by giving mother-child pairs a food-testing exercise. Shefound that mothers who sued devices during the exercise started 20percent fewer verbal and 39 percent fewer nonverbal interactions withtheir children. During a separate observation, she saw that phonesbecame a source of tension in the family. Parents would be looking attheir emails while the children would be making excited bids fortheir attention.Infants are wired to look at parents' faces to try to understandtheir world, and if those faces are blank and unresponsive—as they often are when absorbed in a device—it can be extremelydisconcerting foe the children. Radesky cites the "still faceexperiment" devised by developmental psychologist Ed Tronick in the 1970s. In it, a mother is asked to interact with her child in anormal way before putting on a blank expression and not giving them any visual social feedback; The child becomes increasingly distressed as she tries to capture her mother's attention. "Parents don't haveto be exquisitely parents at all times, but there needs to be abalance and parents need to be responsive and sensitive to a child's verbal or nonverbal expressions of an emotional need," says Radesky.On the other hand, Tronick himself is concerned that the worries about kids' use of screens are born out of an "oppressive ideology that demands that parents should always be interacting" with their children: "It's based on a somewhat fantasized, very white, veryupper-middle-class ideology that says if you're failing to exposeyour child to 30,000 words you are neglecting them." Tronick believes that just because a child isn't learning from the screen doesn't mean there's no value to it—particularly if it gives parents time to have a shower, do housework or simply have a break from their child. Parents, he says, can get a lot out of using their devices to speakto a friend or get some work out of the way. This can make them feel happier, which lets then be more available to their child the rest ofthe time.26. According to Jenny Radesky, digital products are designed to ______.[A] simplify routine matters[B] absorb user attention[C] better interpersonal relations[D] increase work efficiency27. Radesky's food-testing exercise shows that mothers' use of devices ______.[A] takes away babies' appetite[B] distracts children's attention[C] slows down babies' verbal development[D] reduces mother-child communication28. Radesky's cites the "still face experiment" to show that_______.[A] it is easy for children to get used to blank expressions[B] verbal expressions are unnecessary for emotional exchange[C] children are insensitive to changes in their parents' mood[D] parents need to respond to children's emotional needs29. The oppressive ideology mentioned by Tronick requires parents to_______.[A] protect kids from exposure to wild fantasies[B] teach their kids at least 30,000 words a year[C] ensure constant interaction with their children[D] remain concerned about kid's use of screens30. According to Tronick, kid's use of screens may_______.[A] give their parents some free time[B] make their parents more creative[C] help them with their homework[D] help them become more attentive Text 3Today, widespread social pressure to immediately go to college in conjunction with increasingly high expectations in a fast-movingworld often causes students to completely overlook the possibility of taking a gap year. After all, if everyone you know is going tocollege in the fall, it seems silly to stay back a year, doesn't it?And after going to school for 12 years, it doesn't feel natural tospend a year doing something that isn't academic.But while this may be true, it's not a good enough reason to condemn gap years. There's always a constant fear of falling behind everyone else on the socially perpetuated "race to the finish line," whether that be toward graduate school, medical school or lucrative career. But despite common misconceptions, a gap year does not hinder the success of academic pursuits—in fact, it probably enhances it.Studies from the United States and Australia show that studentswho take a gap year are generally better prepared for and performbetter in college than those who do not. Rather than pulling students back, a gap year pushes them ahead by preparing them for independence, new responsibilities and environmental changes—all things that first-year students often struggle with the most. Gap yearexperiences can lessen the blow when it comes to adjusting to college and being thrown into a brand new environment, making it easier tofocus on academics and activities rather than acclimation blunders.If you're not convinced of the inherent value in taking a yearoff to explore interests, then consider its financial impact onfuture academic choices. According to the National Center forEducation Statistics, nearly 80 percent of college students end up changing their majors at least once. This isn't surprising,considering the basic mandatory high school curriculum leavesstudents with a poor understanding of themselves listing one major ontheir college applications, but switching to another after takingcollege classes. It's not necessarily a bad thing, but depending onthe school, it can be costly to make up credits after switching toolate in the game. At Boston College, for example, you would have to complete an extra year were you to switch to the nursing school from another department. Taking a gap year to figure things out initiallycan help prevent stress and save money later on.31. One of the reasons for high-school graduates not taking a gap year is that .[A] they think it academically misleading[B] they have a lot of fun to expect in college[C] it feels strange to do differently from others[D] it seems worthless to take off-campus courses32. Studies from the US and Australia imply that taking a gap year helps .[A] keep students from being unrealistic[B] lower risks in choosing careers[C] ease freshmen's financial burdens[D] relieve freshmen of pressures33. The word "acclimation" (Line 8, Para. 3) is closest in meaning to .[A] adaptation[B] application[C] motivation[D] competition34. A gap year may save money for students by helping them .[A] avoid academic failures[B] establish long-term goals[C] switch to another college[D] decide on the right major35. The most suitable title for this text would be .[A] In Favor of the Gap Year[B] The ABCs of the Gap Year[C] The Gap Year Comes Back[D] The Gap Year: A Dilemma Part BDirections:Read the following text and match each of the numbered items in the left column to its corresponding information in the right column. There are two extra choices in the right column. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)The decline in American manufacturing is a common refrain, particularly from Donald Trump. "We don't make anything anymore," he told Fox News, while defending his own made-in-Mexico clothing line.Without question, manufacturing has taken a significant hitduring recent decades, and further trade deals raise questions about whether new shocks could hit manufacturing.But there is also a different way to look at the data.Across the country, factory owners are now grappling with a new challenge: instead of having too many workers, they may end up with too few. Despite trade competition and outsourcing, American manufacturing still needs to replace tens of thousands of retiring boomers every years. Millennials may not be that interested in taking their place, other industries are recruiting them with similar orbetter pay.For factory owners, it all adds up to stiff competition for workers—and upward pressure on wages. "They're harder to find and they have job offers," says Jay Dunwell, president of Wolverine Coil Spring, a family-owned firm, "They may be coming [into the workforce], but they've been plucked by other industries that are also doing anwell as manufacturing," Mr. Dunwell has begun bringing high school juniors to the factory so they can get exposed to its culture.At RoMan Manufacturing, a maker of electrical transformers and welding equipment that his father cofounded in 1980, Robert Roth keep a close eye on the age of his nearly 200 workers, five are retiringthis year. Mr. Roth has three community-college students enrolled ina work-placement program, with a starting wage of $13 an hour that rises to $17 after two years.At a worktable inside the transformer plant, young Jason Stenquist looks flustered by the copper coils he's trying to assemble and the arrival of two visitors. It's his first week on the job.Asked about his choice of career, he says at high school he considered medical school before switching to electrical engineering. "I love working with tools. I love creating." he says.But to win over these young workers, manufacturers have to clear another major hurdle: parents, who lived through the worst US economic downturn since the Great Depression, telling them to avoid the factory. Millennials "remember their father and mother both were laid off. They blame it on the manufacturing recession," says BirgitKlohs, chief executive of The Right Place, a business development agency for western Michigan.These concerns aren't misplaced: Employment in manufacturing has fallen from 17 million in 1970 to 12 million in 2013. When therecovery began, worker shortages first appeared in the high-skilled trades. Now shortages are appearing at the mid-skill levels."The gap is between the jobs that take to skills and those that require a lot of skill," says Rob Spohr, a business professor atMontcalm Community College. "There're enough people to fill the jobsat McDonalds and other places where you don't need to have much skill. It's that gap in between, and that's where the problem is. "Julie Parks of Grand Rapids Community points to another key to luring Millennials into manufacturing: a work/life balance. Whiletheir parents were content to work long hours, young people value flexibility. "Overtime is not attractive to this generation. Theyreally want to live their lives," she says.[A] says that he switched to electrical engineering because heloves working with tools.41. Jay Deuwell[B] points out that there are enough people tofill the jobs that don't need much skill.42. Jason Stenquist[C] points out that the US doesn't manufacture anything anymore.43. Birgit Klohs[D] believes that it is important to keep a closeeye on the age of his workers.44. Rob Spohr[E] says that for factory owners, workers are harderto find because of stiff competition.45.Julie Parks[F] points out that a work/life balance can attract young people into manufacturing.[G] says that the manufacturing recession is to blame for thelay-off the young people's parents.Section III Translation46.Directions:Translate the following text into Chinese. Write your translation neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)My dream has always been to work somewhere in an area between fashion and publishing. Two years before graduating from secondary school, I took a sewing and design course thinking that I would moveon to a fashion design course. However, during that course I realizedI was not good enough in this area to compete with other creative personalities in the future, so I decided that it was not the rightpath for me. Before applying for university I told everyone that I would study journalism, because writing was, and still is, one of my favouri。
山东师范大学241二外俄语2010--2015,2017--2018年考研真题试卷
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2017年考研英语二真题及答案(完整版)
2017年考研英语二真题及答案(完整版)utomated labor。
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2017年考研英语二真题及答案解析-修订版
2017 年考研英语二Section I Use of EnglishDirections：Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank andmark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)People have speculated for centuries about a future without work.Today is no different，with academics，writers，and activists once again 1 that technologyis replacing human workers. Some imagine that the coming work-free world willbedefined by 2 . A few wealthy people will own all the capital ，and the masses will struggle in an impoverished wasteland..A different and not mutually exclusive 3 holds that the future will be a wastelandof a different sort，one 4 by purposelessnes：s Without jobs to give their lives 5 ，people will simply become lazy and depressed. 6 today ’s unemployed don ’t seem to be having a great time. One Gallup poll found that 20 percent of Americans who havebeen unemployed for at least a year report having depressio，n double the rate for 7 Americans. Also，some research suggests that the 8 for rising rates of mortality，mental-health problems，and addicting9 poorly-educated middle-aged people is shortage of well-paid jobs. Perhaps this is why many 10 the agonizing dullness of ajobless future.But it doesn’t11 follow from findings like these that a world without workwould be filled with unease. Such visions are based on the 12 of being unemployedin a society built on the concept of employment. In the 13 of work ， a society designed with other ends in mind could 14 strikingly different circumstances for thefuture of labor and leisure. Today，the 15 of work may be a bit overblown. “Many jobs are boring，degrading，unhealthy，and a waste of human potentia，l”says John Danaher， a lecturer at the National University of Ireland in Galway.These days，because leisure time is relatively 16 for most workers，people usetheir free time to counterbalancethe intellectual and emotional 17 of their jobs.“When I come home from a hard day ’，s w I o o f r t k e n feel 18 ，”Danahersay，sadding，“Ina world in which I don’thave to work ，I might feel rather different ”pe—rhaps different enough to throw himself 19 a hobby or a passionproject with the intensity usually reserved for 20 matters.1. [A] boasting [B] denying [C] warning [D] ensuring2. [A] inequality [B] instability [C] unreliability [D] uncertainty3. [A] policy [B]guideline [C] resolution [D] prediction4. [A] characterized [B]divided [C] balanced [D]measured5. [A] wisdom [B] meaning [C] glory [D] freedom6. [A] Instead [B] Indeed [C] Thus [D] Nevertheless7. [A] rich [B] urban [C]working [D] educated12.[A] leave behind [B] make up [C] worry about [D] set aside3.[A] statistically [B] occasionally [C] necessarily [D] economically4.[A] chances [B] downsides [C] benefits [D] principles5.[A] absence [B] height [C] face [D] course6.[A] disturb [B] restore [C] exclude [D] yield7.[A] model [B] practice [C] virtue [D] hardship8.[A] tricky [B] lengthy [C] mysterious [D] scarce9.[A] demands [B] standards [C] qualities [D] threats10.[A] ignored [B] tired [C] confused [D] starved11.[A] off [B] against [C] behind [D] into12.[A] technological [B] professional [C] educational [D] interpersonalSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections：Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosingA, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. （40 points）Text 1Every Saturday morning, at 9 am, more than 50,000 runners set off to run 5km around their local park. The Parkrun phenomenon began with a dozen friends and has inspired 400 events in the UK and more abroad. Events are free, staffed by thousands of volunteers. Runners range from four years old to grandparents; their times range from Andrew Baddeley's world record 13 minutes 48 seconds up to an hour.Parkrun is succeeding where London's Olympic "legacy" is failing. Ten years ago on Monday, it was announced that the Games of the 30th Olympiad would be in London. Planning documents pledged that the great legacy of the Games would be to level a nation of sport lovers away from their couches. The population would be fitter, healthier and produce more winners. It has not happened. The number of adults doing weekly sport did rise, by nearly 2 million in the run－up to 2012－but the general population was growing faster. Worse, the numbers are now falling at an accelerating rate. The opposition claims primary school pupils doing at least two hours of sport a week have nearly halved. Obesity has risen among adults and children. Official retrospections continue as to why London 2012 failed to "inspire a generation." The success of Parkrun offers answers.Parkun is not a race but a time trial: Your only competitor is the clock. The ethos welcomes anybody. There is as much joy over a puffed-out first-timer being clapped over the line as there is about top talent shining. The Olympic bidders, by contrast, wanted to get more people doing sports and to produce more elite athletes. The dual aim was mixed up: The stress on success over taking part was intimidating for newcomers.Indeed, there is something a little absurd in the state getting involved in theplanning of such a fundamentally "grassroots", concept as community sports associations. If there is a role for government, it should really be getting involved inproviding common goods－making sure there is space for playing fields and themoney to pave tennis and netball courts, and encouraging the provision of all theseactivities in schools. But successivegovernments have presided over selling greenspaces, s queezing money from local authorities and declining attention on sport ineducation. Instead of wordy, worthy strategies, future governments need to do more toprovide the conditions for sport to thrive. Or at least not make them worse.13. According to Paragraph1, Parkrun has_____.A．gained great popularityB．created many jobsC．strengthened community tiesD．become an official festival14. The author believes that London's Olympic "legacy" has failed to_____.A．boost population growthB．promote sport participationC．improve the city's imageD．increase sport hours in schools15. Parkrun is different from Olympic games in that it_____.A．aims at discovering talentsB．focuses on mass competitionC．does not emphasize elitismD．does not attract first-timers16.With regard to mass sport, the author holds that governments should_____.A．organize "grassroots" sports eventsB．supervise local sports associationsC．increase funds for sports clubsD．invest in public sports facilities17. The author's attitude to what UK governments have done for sports is_____.A．tolerantB．criticalC．uncertainD．sympatheticText 2With so much focus on children ’s use of screens, it'o sr e p a a s r y e n f ts to forgetabout their own screen use. “Tech is designed to really suck on you in, ”says Je Radesky in her study of digital play, "and digital products are there to promotemaximal engagement. It makes it hard to disengage, and leads to a lot of bleed-overinto the family routine. ”Radesky has studied the use of mobile phones and tablets at mealtimes by givingmother-child pairs a food-testing exercise. She found that mothers who sued devicesduring the exercise started 20 percent fewer verbal and 39 percent fewer nonverbal interactions with their children. During a separate observation, she sawthat phonesbecame a source of tension in the family. Parents would be looking at their emailswhile the children would be making excited bids for their attention.Infants are wired to look at parents ’faces to try to understand their world, and if those faces are blank and unresponsiv—e as they often are when absorbed in a device－it can be extremely disconcerting foe the children. Radesky cites the “still faceexperiment ”devised by developmental psychologist Ed Tronick in the 1970s. In it, amother is asked to interact with her child in a normal way before putting on a blankexpression and not giving them any visual social feedback; The child becomes increasingly distressed as she tries to capture her mother ’a sttention. "Parents don'thave to be exquisitely parents at all times, but there needs to be a balance and parentsneed to be responsive and sensitive to a child ’s verbal or nonverbaal nexpressions of emotional need," says Radesky.On the other hand, Tronick himself is concerned that the worries about kids' useof screens are born out of an “oppressive ideology that demands that parents should always be interacting ”with their children: n a“s o I m t e’w s h a b t a f s a e n d t a o s i z e d, verywhite, very upper-middle-class ideology that says if you’refailing to expose yourchild to 30,000 words you are neglecting them. ”Tronick believes that just because a child isn ’t learning from the screen doesn ’n ot v m a e l u a e n t t o h e i t r－e pa’r ticsularly ifit gives parents time to have a shower, do housework or simply have a break fromtheir child. Parents, he says, can get a lot out of using their devices to speak to a friendor get some work out of the way. This can make them feel happier, which lets then bemore available to their child the rest of the time.18. According to Jenny Radesky, digital products are designed to ______.A．simplify routine mattersB．absorb user attentionC．better interpersonal relationsD．increase work efficiency19. Radesky’s fo-otdesting exercise shows that mothers ’use of devices ______. A．takes away babies ’appetiteB．distracts children ’s attentionC．slows down babies ’verbal developmentD．reduces mother-child communication20. Radesky’s c i t e th s e“still face experiment ”to show that _______.A．it is easy for children to get used to blank expressionsB．verbal expressions are unnecessary for emotional exchangeC．children are insensitive to changes in their parents ’moodD．parents need to respond to children's emotional needs21. The oppressive ideology mentioned by Tronick requires parents to_______.A．protect kids from exposure to wild fantasiesB．teach their kids at least 30,000 words a yearC．ensure constant interaction with their childrenD．remain concerned about kid's use of screens22.According to Tronick, kid ’s use of screens may_______.A．give their parents some free timeB．make their parents more creativeC．help them with their homeworkD．help them become more attentiveText 3Today, widespread social pressure to immediately go to college in conjunctionwith increasingly high expectations in a fast-moving world often causes studentstocompletely overlook the possibility of taking a gap year. After all, if everyone youknow is going to college in the fall, it seems silly to stay back a year, doesn't it? Andafter going to school for 12 years, it doesn't feel natural to spend a year doingsomething that isn ’t academic.But while this may be true, it ’s not a good enough reason g t o a p c o y n e d a e r s m.nThere's always a constant fear of falling behind everyone else on the socially perpetuated “race to the finish line, ”whether that be toward graduate school, medical school or lucrative career. But despite common misconceptions, a gap year does nothinder the success of academic pursui－t s in fact, it probably enhances it.Studies from the United States and Australia show that students who take a gap yearare generally better prepared for and perform better in college than those who donot. Rather than pulling students back, a gap year pushes them ahead by preparingthem for independence,new responsibilities and environmental changes－all thingsthat first-year students often struggle with the most. Gap year experiences can lessenthe blow when it comes to adjusting to college and being thrown into a brand new environment, making it easier to focus on academics and activities rather than acclimation blunders.If you're not convinced of the inherent value in taking a year off to exploreinterests, then consider its financial impact on future academic choices. According tothe National Center for Education Statistics, nearly 80 percent of college students endup changing their majors at least once. This isn ’s turprising, considering the basicmandatory high school curriculum leaves students with a poor understanding of themselveslisting one major on their college applications, but switching to anotherafter taking college classes. It ’n s o t necessarily a bad thing, but depending on theschool, it can be costly to make up credits after switching too late in the game. AtBoston College, for example, you would have to complete an extra year were you toswitch to the nursing school from another department. Taking a gap year to figurethings out initially can help prevent stress and save money later on.23. One of the reasons for high-school graduates not taking a gap year is that_____. A．they think it academically misleadingB．they have a lot of fun to expect in collegeC．it feels strange to do differently from othersD．it seems worthless to take off-campus courses24. Studies from the US and Australia imply that taking a gap year helps_____. A．keep students from being unrealisticB．lower risks in choosing careersC．ease freshmen ’s financial burdensD．relieve freshmen of pressures25. The word “acclimatio（n Lin”e 8, Para. 3）is closest in meaning to_____. A．adaptationB．applicationC．motivationD．competition26. A gap year may save money for students by helping them_____.A．avoid academic failuresB．establish long-term goalsC．switch to another collegeD．decide on the right major27. The most suitable title for this text would be_____.A．In Favor of the Gap YearB．The ABCs of the Gap YearC．The Gap Year Comes BackD．The Gap Year: A DilemmaText 4Though often viewed as a problem for western states, the growing frequency of wildfires is a national concern because of its impact on federal tax dollars, says Professor Max Moritz, a specialist in fire ecology and management.In 2015, the US Forest Service for the first time spent more than half of its $5.5 billion annual budget fighting fires－nearly double the percentageit spent on such efforts 20 years ago. In effect, fewer federal funds today are going towards the agency's other work－such as forest conservation, watershed and cultural resources management, and infrastructure upkee－p that affect the lives of all Americans.Another nationwide concern is whether public funds from other agencies are going into construction in fire-prone districts. As Moritz puts it, how often are federal dollars building homes that are likely to be lost to a wildfire?“’Its already a huge problem from a public expenditure perspective for the wholecountry, ” he says. We need to take a magnifying glass to that. Like, “Wait a min this OK?”“Do we want instead to redirect those funds to concentrate on l o-w h a e z r ardparts of the landscape? ”Such a view would require a corresponding shift in the way US society today viewsfire, researchers say.For one thing, conversations about wildfires need to be more inclusive. Over thepast decade, the focus has been on climate change－how the warming of the Earthfrom greenhouse gases is leading to conditions that worsen fires.While climate is a key element, Moritz says, it shouldn ’t come at the expense of the rest of the equation.“Thehuman systems and the landscapes we live on are linked, and theinteractions go both ways," he says. Failing to recognize that, he notes, leads to "anoverly simplified view of what the solutions might be. Our perception of the problemand of what the solution is becomes very limited. ”At the same time, people continue to treat fire as an event that needs to be whollycontrolled and unleashed only out of necessity, says Professor Balch at the Universityof Colorado. But acknowledging fire's inevitable presence in human life is an attitudecrucial to developing the laws, policies, and practices that make it as safe as possible,she says.“We’vdeisconnected ourselves from living with fire, B”a lch says. “Itis reallyimportant to understand and try and tease out what is the human connection with firetoday. ”28. More frequent wildfires have become a national concern because in 2015they_____.A．exhausted unprecedented management effortsB．consumed a record-high percentage of budgetC．severely damaged the ecology of western statesD．caused a huge rise of infrastructure expenditure29. Moritz calls for the use of "a magnifying glass" to _____.A．raise more funds for fire-prone areasB．avoid the redirection of federal moneyC．find wildfire-free parts of the landscapeD．guarantee safer spending of public funds30. While admitting that climate is a key element, Moritz notes that _____.A．public debates have not settled yetB．fire-fighting conditions are improvingC．other factors should not be overlookedD．a shift in the view of fire has taken place31. The overly simplified view Moritz mentions is a result of failing to _____.A．discover the fundamental makeup of natureB．explore the mechanism of the human systemsC．maximize the role of landscape in human lifeD．understand the interrelations of man and nature32. Professor Balch points out that fire is something man should _____.A．do away withB．come to terms withC．pay a price forD．keep away fromPart BDirections：Read the following text and match each of the numbered items in the left columnto its corresponding information in the right column. There are two extra choices in the right column. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. （10 points）The decline in American manufacturing is a common refrain, particularly from Donald Trump. "We don't make anything anymore," he told Fox News, while defending his own made-in-Mexico clothing line.Without question, manufacturing has taken a significant hit during recent decades, and further trade deals raise questions about whether new shocks could hit manufacturing.But there is also a different way to look at the data.Across the country, factory owners are now grappling with a new challenge: instead of having too many workers, they may end up with too few. Despite trade competition and outsourcing, American manufacturing still needs to replace tens of thousands of retiring boomers every years. Millennials may not be that interested in taking their place, other industries are recruiting them with similar or better pay.For factory owners, it all adds up to stiff competition for workers －and upward pressure on wages. "They're harder to find and they have job offers," says Jay Dunwell, president of Wolverine Coil Spring, a family-owned firm, "They may be coming [into the workforce], but they've been plucked by other industries that are also doing an well as manufacturing," Mr. Dunwell has begun bringing high school juniors to the factory so they can get exposed to its culture.At RoMan Manufacturing, a maker of electrical transformers and welding equipment that his father cofounded in 1980, Robert Roth keep a close eye on the age of his nearly 200 workers, five are retiring this year. Mr. Roth has three community-college students enrolled in a work-placement program, with a starting wage of $13 an hour that rises to $17 after two years.At a worktable inside the transformer plant, young Jason Stenquist looks flustered by the copper coils he's trying to assemble and the arrival of two visitors. It's his first week on the job. Asked about his choice of career, he says at high school he considered medical school before switching to electrical engineering. "I love working with tools. I love creating." he says.But to win over these young workers, manufacturers have to clear another majorhurdle: parents, who lived through the worst US economic downturn since the Great Depression, telling them to avoid the factory. Millennials "remember their father and mother both were laid off. They blame it on the manufacturing recession," says Birgit Klohs, chief executive of The Right Place, a business development agency for western Michigan.These concerns aren't misplaced: Employment in manufacturing has fallen from 17 million in 1970 to 12 million in 2013. When the recovery began, worker shortages first appeared in the high-skilled trades. Now shortages are appearing at the mid-skill levels."The gap is between the jobs that take to skills and those that require a lot of skill," says Rob Spohr, a business professor at Montcalm Community College. "There're enough people to fill the jobs at McDonalds and other places where you don't need to have much skill. It's that gap in between, and that's where the problem is."Julie Parks of Grand Rapids Community points to another key to luring Millennials into manufacturing: a work/life balance. While their parents were contentto work long hours, young people value flexibility. "Overtime is not attractive to this generation. They really want to live their lives," she says.[A] says that he switched to electricalengineering because he loves working with41．Jay Deuwelltools。
2017真题-英语二- (解析版)
2017年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(二)真题Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text.Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10points)People have speculated for centuries about a future without work.Today is no different,with academics,writers,and activists once again_1_that technology be replacing human workers.Some imagine that the coming work-free world will be defined by_2_.A few wealthy people will own all the capital,and the masses will struggle in an impoverished wasteland.A different and not mutually exclusive_3_holds that the future will be a wasteland of a different sort,one_4_by purposelessness:Without jobs to give their lives_5_,people will simply become lazy and depressed._6_,today's unemployed don't seem to be having a great time.One Gallup poll found that20percent of Americans who have been unemployed for at least a year report having depression, double the rate for_7_Americans.Also,some research suggests that the_8_for rising rates of mortality,mental-health problems,and addicting_9_poorly-educated middle-aged people is shortage of well-paid jobs.Perhaps this is why many__10_the agonizing dullness of a jobless future.But it doesn't__11__follow from findings like these that a world without work would be filled with unease.Such visions are based on the__12__of being unemployed in a society built on the concept of employment.In the__13__of work, a society designed with other ends in mind could__14__strikingly different circumstanced for the future of labor and leisure.Today,the__15__of work may be a bit overblown."Many jobs are boring,degrading,unhealthy,and a waste of human potential,"says John Danaher,a lecturer at the National University of Ireland in Galway.These days,because leisure time is relatively__16__for most workers,people use their free time to counterbalance the intellectual and emotional__17__of their jobs."When I come home from a hard day's work,I often feel__18__,"Danaher says, adding,"In a world in which I don't have to work,I might feel rather different"—perhaps different enough to throw himself__19__a hobby or a passion project with the intensity usually reserved for__20__matters.1.[A]boasting[B]denying[C]warning[D]ensuring动词词义辨析。
2017年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语二试题和答案【范本模板】
2017年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语二试题Directions：Read the following text。
Choose the best word(s）for each numbered blank and mark A，B，C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)People have speculated for centuries about a future without work 。
Today is no different，with academics，writers, and activists once again 1 that technology be replacing human workers。
Some imagine that the coming work-free world will be defined by 2 。
A few wealthy people will own all the capital, and the masses will struggle in an impoverished wasteland.A different and not mutually exclusive 3 holds that the future will be a wasteland of a different sort, one 4 by purposelessness：Without jobs to give their lives 5 ，people will simply become lazy and depressed. 6 ，today’s unemployed don’t see m to be having a great time. One Gallup poll found that 20 percent of Americans who have been unemployed for at least a year report having depression, double the rate for 7 Americans。
2017年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语二试题和答案
Directions：Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)People have speculated for centuries about a future without work .Today is no different, with academics, writers, and activists once again 1 that technology be replacing human workers. Some imagine that the coming work-free world will be defined by 2 . A few wealthy people will own all the capital, and the masses will struggle in an impoverished wasteland.A different and not mutually exclusive 3 holds that the future will be a wasteland of a different sort, one 4 by purposelessness：Without jobs to give their lives 5 , people will simply become lazy and depressed. 6 , today’s unemployed don’t seem to be having a great time. One Gallup poll found that 20 percent of Americans who have been unemployed for at least a year report having depression, double the rate for 7 Americans. Also, some research suggests that the 8 for rising rates of mortality, mental-health problems, and addicting 9 poorly-educated middle-aged people is shortage ofwell-paid jobs. Perhaps this is why many 10 the agonizing dullness of a jobless future.But it doesn’t11 follow from findings like these that a world without work would be filled with unease. Such visions are d on the 12 of being unemployed in a society built on the concept of employment. In the 13 of work, a society designed with other ends in mind could 14 strikingly different circumstanced for the future of labor and leisure. Today, the 15 of work may be a bit overblown. “Many jobs are boring, degrading, unhealthy, and a waste of human potential,” says John Danaher, a lecturer at the National University of Ireland in Galway.These days, because leisure time is relatively 16 for most workers, people use their free time to counterbalance the intellectual and emotional 17 of their jobs. “When I come home from a hard day’s work, I often feel18 ,” Danaher says, adding, “In a world in which I don’t have to work, I might feel rather different”—perhaps different enough to throw himself 19 a hobby or a passion project with the intensity usually reserved for 20 matters.1.[A] boasting [B] denying [C] warning [D] ensuring2.[A] inequality [B] instability [C] unreliability [D] uncertainty3.[A] policy [B]guideline [C] resolution [D] prediction4.[A] characterized [B]divided [C] balanced [D]measured5.[A] wisdom [B] meaning [C] glory [D] freedom6.[A] Instead [B] Indeed [C] Thus [D] Nevertheless7.[A] rich [B] urban [C]working [D] educated8.[A] explanation [B] requirement [C] compensation [D] substitute9.[A] under [B] beyond [C] alongside [D] among10.[A] leave behind [B] make up [C] worry about [D] set aside11.[A] statistically [B] occasionally [C] necessarily [D] economically12.[A] chances [B] downsides [C] benefits [D] principles13.[A] absence [B] height [C] face [D] course14.[A] disturb [B] restore [C] exclude [D] yield15.[A] model [B] practice [C] virtue [D] hardship16.[A] tricky [B] lengthy [C] mysterious [D] scarce17.[A] demands [B] standards [C] qualities [D] threats18.[A] ignored [B] tired [C] confused [D] starved19.[A] off [B] against [C] behind [D] into20.[A] technological [B] professional [C] educational [D] interpersonal【试题精析】1. [答案][C] warning考点：上下文语义理解解析：空格之后的宾语从句部分“technology is replacing human workers.”结合选项，应该选择warning。
2017考研英语(二)完整真题与答案解析
2017年考研英语(二)完整真题及答案解析Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)People have speculated for centuries about a future without work .Today is no different, with academics, writers, and activists once again _1_ that technology be replacing human workers. Some imagine that the coming work-free world will be defined by _2_ . A few wealthy people will own all the capital, and the masses will struggle in an impoverished wasteland.A different and not mutually exclusive _3_ holds that the future will be a wasteland of a different sort, one _4 _by purposelessness: Without jobs to give their lives _5_ , people will simply become lazy and depressed. _6_ , today's unemployed don't seem to be having a great time. One Gallup poll found that 20 percent of Americans who havebeen unemployed for at least a year report having depression, double the rate for _7_ Americans. Also, some research suggests that the _8_ for rising rates of mortality, mental-health problems, and addicting _9_ poorly-educated middle-aged people is shortage of well-paid jobs. Perhaps this is why many __10_ the agonizing dullness of a jobless future.But it doesn't __11__ follow from findings like these that a world without work would be filled with unease. Such visions are based on the __12__ of being unemployed in a society built on the concept of employment. In the __13__ of work, a society designed with other ends in mind could __14__ strikingly different circumstanced for the future of labor and leisure. T oday, the __15__ of work may be a bit overblown. "Many jobs are boring, degrading, unhealthy, and a waste of human potential," says John Danaher, a lecturer at the National University of Ireland in Galway.These days, because leisure time is relatively __16__ for most workers, people use their free time to counterbalance the intellectual and emotional __17__ of their jobs. "When I come home from a hard day's work, I often feel __18__ ," Danaher says, adding, "In a world in which I don't have to work, I might feel rather different"—perhapsdifferent enough to throw himself __19__ a hobby or a passion project with the intensity usually reserved for __20__ matters.1.[A] boasting [B] denying [C] warning [D] ensuring动词词义辨析。
2017年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语二真题及答案详解
2017年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语二真题及答案详解2017年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（二）Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)People have speculated for centuries about a future without work.Today is no different,with academics,writers,and activists once again 1 that technology be replacing human workers.Some imagine that the coming work-free world will be defined by 2 . A few wealthy people will own all the capital, and the masses will struggle in an impoverished wasteland.A different and not mutually exclusive 3 holds that the future will be a wasteland of a different sort,one 4 by purposelessness:Without jobs to give their lives 5 , people will simply become lazy and depressed. 6, today’s unemployed don’t seem to be having a great time. One Gallup poll found that 20 percent of Americans who have been unemployed for at least a year report having depression, double the rate for 7 Americans. Also, some research suggests that the8forrising rates of mortality,mental-health problems,and addicting 9poorly-educated middle-aged people is shortage of well-paid jobs. Perhaps this is why many 10 the agonizing dullness of a jobless future.But it doesn’t 11 follow from findings like these that a world without work would be filled with unease. Such visions are based on the 12 of being unemployed in a society built on the concept of employment. In the 13 of work,a society designed with other ends in mind could 14 strikingly different circumstanced for the future of labor and leisure.Today, the 15 of work may be a bit overblown. “Many jobs are boring, degrading, unhealthy, and a waste of human potential,”says John Danaher,a lecturer at the National University of Ireland in Galway.These days,because leisure time is relatively 16 for most workers,people use their free time to counterbalance the intellectual and emotional 17 of their jobs. “When I come home from a hard day’s work,I often feel 18 ,”Danaher says, adding, “In a world in which I don’t have to work, I might feel rather different”—perhaps different enough to throw himself 19 a hobby or a passion project with the intensity usually reserved for 20 matters.1．[A] boasting [B] denying [C] warning [D] ensuring2．[A] inequality [B] instability [C] unreliability [D] uncertainty3．[A] policy [B]guideline [C] resolution [D] prediction4．[A] characterized [B]divided [C] balanced [D]measured5．[A] wisdom [B] meaning [C] glory [D] freedom6．[A] Instead [B] Indeed [C] Thus [D] Nevertheless7．[A] rich [B] urban [C]working [D] educated8．[A] explanation [B] requirement [C] compensation [D] substitute9．[A] under [B] beyond [C] alongside [D] among10．[A] leave behind [B] make up [C] worry about [D] set aside11．[A] statistically [B] occasionally [C] necessarily [D] economically12．[A] chances [B] downsides [C] benefits [D] principles13．[A] absence [B] height [C] face [D] course14．[A] disturb [B] restore [C] exclude [D] yield15．[A] model [B] practice [C] virtue [D] hardship16．[A] tricky [B] lengthy [C] mysterious [D] scarce17．[A] demands [B] standards [C] qualities [D] threats18．[A] ignored [B] tired [C] confused [D] starved19．[A] off [B] against [C] behind [D] into20．[A] technological [B] professional [C] educational [D] interpersonal Section II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1Every Saturday morning, at 9 am, more than 50,000 runners set off to run 5km around their local park. The Parkrun phenomenon began with a dozen f riends and has inspired 400 events in the UK and more abroad. Events are free, staffed by thousands of volunteers. Runners range from four years old to grandparents; their times range from Andrew Baddeley’s world record 13 minutes 48 seconds up to an hour.Parkrun is succeeding where London’s Olympic “legacy”is failing. Ten years ago on Monday, it was announced that the Games of the 30th Olympiad would be in London. Planning documents pledged that the great legacy of the Games would be to level a nation of sport lovers away from their couches.The population would be fitter, healthier and produce more winners.It has not happened.The number of adults doing weekly sport did rise,by nearly 2 million in the run—up to 2012—but the general population was growing faster.Worse, the numbers are now falling at an accelerating rate. The opposition claims primary school pupils doing at least two hours of sport a week have nearly halved.Obesity has risen among adults and children.Official retrospections continue as to why London 2012 failed to “inspire a generation.”The success of Parkrun offers answers.Parkun is not a race but a time trial: Your only competitor is the clock. The ethos welcomes anybody. There is as much joy over a puffed-out first-timer being clapped over the line as there is about top talent shining. The Olympic bidders, by contrast, wanted to get more people doing sports and to produce more elite athletes. The dual aim was mixed up:The stress on success over taking part was intimidating for newcomers.Indeed, there is something a little absurd in the state getting involved in the planning of such a fundamentally”grassroots”,concept as community sports associations.If there is a role for government,it should really be getting involved in providing common goods—making sure there is space for playing fields and the money to pave tennis and netball courts, and encouraging the provision of all these activities in schools. But successive governments have presided over selling green spaces, squeezing money from local authorities and declining attention on sport in education. Instead of wordy, worthy strategies, future governments need to do more to provide the conditions for sport to thrive. Or at least not make them worse.21.According to Paragraph1, Parkrun has .[A] gained great popularity[B] created many jobs [C] strengthened community ties[D] become an official festival22.The author believes that London’s Olympic“legacy”has failed to.[A] boost population growth [C] improve the city’s image[B] promote sport participation[D] increase sport hours in schools23. Parkrun is different from Olympic games in that it .[A] aims at discovering talents[B] focuses on mass competition [C] does not emphasize elitism[D] does not attract first-timers24.With regard to mass sport, the author holds that governmentsshould.[A] organize “grassroots”sports events[B] supervise local sports associations [C] increase funds for sports clubs[D] invest in public sports facilities25. The author’s attitude to what UK governments have done for sports is .[A] tolerant[B] critical[C] uncertain[D] sympatheticText 2With so much focus on children’s use of screens, it’s easy for parents to forget about their own screen use. “Tech is designed to really suck on you in,”says Jenny Radesky in her study of digital play, “and digital products are there to promote maximal engagement. It makes it hard to disengage, and leads to a lot of bleed-over into the family routine. “Radesky has studied the use of mobile phones and tablets at mealtimes by giving mother-child pairs a food-testing exercise. She found that mothers who sued devices during the exercise started 20 percent fewer verbal and 39 percent fewer nonverbal interactions with their children. During a separate observation, she saw that phones became a source of tension in the family. Parents would be looking at their emails while the children would be making excited bids for their attention.Infants are wired to look at parents’faces to try to understand their world, and if those faces are blank and unresponsive—as they often are when absorbed in a device—it can be extremely disconcerting foe the children. Radesky cites the”still face experiment”devised by developmental psychologist Ed Tronick in the 1970s. In it, a mother is asked to interact with her child in a normal way before putting on a blank expression and not giving them any visual social feedback; The child becomes increasingly distressed as she tries to capture her mother’s attention. “Parents don’t have to be exquisitely parents at all times, but there needs to be a balance and parents need to be responsive and sensitive to a child’s verbal or nonverbal expressions of an emotional need,”says Radesky.On the other hand, Tronick himself is concerned that the worries about kids’use of screens are born out of an “oppressive ideology that demands that parents should always be interacting”with their children: “It’s based on a somewhat fantasized, very white, veryupper-middle-classideology that says if you’re failing to expose your child to 30,000 words you are neglecting them.”Tronick believes that just because a child isn’t learning from the screen doesn’t mean there’s no value to it—particularly if it gives parents time to have a shower,do housework or simply have a break from their child. Parents, he says, can get a lot out of using their devices to speak to a friend or get some work out of the way.This can make them feel happier,which lets then be more available to their child the rest of the time.26. According to Jenny Radesky, digital products are designed to ______.[A] simplify routine matters[B] absorb user attention [C] better interpersonal relations[D] increase work efficiency27. Radesky’s food-testing exercise shows that mothers’use of devices ______.[A] takes away babies’appetite[C] slows down babies’verbal development[B] distracts children’s attention[D] reduces mother-child communication28.Radesky’s cites the “still face experiment”to show that _______.[A] it is easy for children to get used to blank expressions[B] verbal expressions are unnecessary for emotional exchange[C] children are insensitive to changes in their parents’mood[D] parents need to respond to children’s emotional needs29.The oppressive ideology mentioned by Tronick requires parents to_______.[A] protect kids from exposure to wild fantasies[B] teach their kids at least 30,000 words a year[C] ensure constant interaction with their children[D] remain concerned about kid’s use of screens30. According to Tronick, kid’s use of screens may_______.[A] give their parents some free time[B] make their parents more creative [C] help them with their homework[D] help them become more attentiveText 3Today, widespread social pressure to immediately go to college in conjunction withincreasingly high expectations in a fast-moving world often causes students to completely overlook the possibility of taking a gap year. After all, if everyone you know is going to college in the fall, it seems silly to stay back a year, doesn’t it? And after going to school for 12 years, it doesn’t feel natural to spend a year doing something that isn’t academic.But while this may be true, it’s not a good enough reason to condemn gap years.There’s always a constant fear of falling behind everyone else on the socially perpetuated “race to the finish line,”whether that be toward graduate school,medical school or lucrative career.But despite common misconceptions,a gap year does not hinder the success of academic pursuits—in fact,it probably enhances it.Studies from the United States and Australia show that students who take a gap year are generally better prepared for and perform better in college than those who do not. Rather than pulling students back, a gap year pushes them ahead by preparing them for independence, new responsibilities and environmental changes—all things that first-year students often struggle with the most. Gap year experiences can lessen the blow when it comes to adjusting to college and being thrown into a brand new environment, making it easier to focus on academics and activities rather than acclimation blunders.If you’re not convinced of the inherent value in taking a year off to explore interests, then consider its financial impact on future academic choices. According to the National Center for Education Statistics, nearly 80 percent of college students end up changing their majors at least once. This isn’t surprising, considering the basic mandatory high school curriculum leaves students with a poor understanding of themselves listing one major on their college applications, but switching to another after taking college classes. It’s not necessarily a bad thing, but depending on the school, it can be costly to make up credits after switching too late in the game. At Boston College, for example, you would have to complete an extra year were you to switch to the nursing school from another department. Taking a gap year to figure things out initially can help prevent stress and save money later on.31.One of the reasons for high-school graduates not taking a gap year is that .[A] they think it academically misleading[B] they have a lot of fun to expect in college[C] it feels strange to do differently from others[D] it seems worthless to take off-campus courses32.Studies from the US and Australia imply that taking a gap year helps .[A] keep students from being unrealistic[C] ease freshmen’s financial burdens[B] lower risks in choosing careers[D] relieve freshmen of pressures33.The word”acclimation”(Line 8, Para. 3) is closest in meaning to .[A] adaptation[B] application[C] motivation[D] competition34. A gap year may save money for students by helping them.[A] avoid academic failures[B] establish long-term goals [C] switch to another college[D] decide on the right major35. The most suitable title for this text would be .[A] In Favor of the Gap Year[B] The ABCs of the Gap Year [C] The Gap Year Comes Back[D] The Gap Year: A DilemmaText 4Though often viewed as a problem for western states, the growing frequency of wildfires is a national concern because of its impact on federal tax dollars, says Professor Max Moritz, a specialist in fire ecology and management.In 2015,the US Forest Service for the first time spent more than half of its $5.5 billion annual budget fighting fires—nearly double the percentage it spent on such efforts 20 years ago.In effect,fewer federal funds today are going towards the agency’s other work—such as forest conservation,watershed and cultural resources management,and infrastructure upkeep—that affect the lives of all Americans.Another nationwide concern is whether public funds from other agencies are going into construction in fire-prone districts. As Moritz puts it, how often are federal dollars building homes that are likely to be lost to a wildfire?”It’s already a huge problem from a public expenditure perspective for the whole country,”he says.”We need to take a magnifying glass to that. Like, “Wait a minute, is this OK?””Do we want instead to redirect those funds to concentrate on lower-hazard parts of the landscape?”Such a view would require a corresponding shift in the way US society today views fire, researchers say.For one thing, conversations about wildfires need to be more inclusive. Over the past decade, the focus has been on climate change—how the warming of the Earth from greenhouse gases is leading to conditions that worsen fires.While climate is a key element, Moritz says, it shouldn’t come at the expense of the rest of the equation.”The human systems and the landscapes we live on are linked, and the interactions go both ways,”he says. Failing to recognize that, he notes, leads to “an overly simplified view of what the solutions might be. Our perception of the problem and of what the solution is becomes very limited.”At the same time, people continue to treat fire as an event that needs to be wholly controlled and unleashed only out of necessity, says Professor Balch at the University of Colorado. But acknowledging fire’s inevitable presence in human life is an attitude crucial to developing the laws, policies, and practices that make it as safe as possible, she says.”We’ve disconnected ourselves from living with fire,”Balch says. “It is really important to understand and try and tease out what is the human connection with fire today.”36.More frequent wildfires have become a national concern because in 2015 they .[A] exhausted unprecedented management efforts[B] consumed a record-high percentage of budget[C] severely damaged the ecology of western states[D] caused a huge rise of infrastructure expenditure37. Moritz calls for the use of “a magnifying glass”to .[A] raise more funds for fire-prone areas[C] find wildfire-free parts of the landscape[B] avoid the redirection of federal money[D] guarantee safer spending of public funds38. While admitting that climate is a key element, Moritz notes that .[A] public debates have not settled yet[C] other factors should not be overlooked[B] fire-fighting conditions are improving[D] a shift in the view of fire has taken place39. The overly simplified view Moritz mentions is a result of failing to .[A] discover the fundamental makeup of nature[B] explore the mechanism of the human systems[C] maximize the role of landscape in human life[D] understand the interrelations of man and nature40. Professor Balch points out that fire is something man should .[A] do away with[B] come to terms with[C] pay a price for[D] keep away fromPart BDirections:Read the following text and match each of the numbered items in the left column to its corresponding information in the right column. There are two extra choices in the right column. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)The decline in American manufacturing is a common refrain, particularly from Donald Trump. “We don’t make anything anymore,”he told Fox News, while defending his own made-in-Mexico clothing line.Without question, manufacturing has taken a significant hit during recent decades, and further trade deals raise questions about whether new shocks could hit manufacturing.But there is also a different way to look at the data.Across the country, factory owners are now grappling with a new challenge: instead of having too many workers, they may end up with too few. Despite trade competition and outsourcing, American manufacturing still needs to replace tens of thousands of retiring boomers every years. Millennials may not be that interested in taking their place, other industries are recruiting them with similar or better pay.For factory owners, it all adds up to stiff competition for workers—and upward pressure on wages. “They’re harder to find and they have job offers,”says Jay Dunwell, president of Wolverine Coil Spring, a family-owned firm, “They may be coming [into the workforce], but they’ve been plucked by other industries that are also doing an well as manufacturing,”Mr. Dunwell has begun bringing high school juniors to the factory so they can get exposed to its culture.At RoMan Manufacturing, a maker of electrical transformers and welding equipment that his father cofounded in 1980, Robert Roth keep a close eye on the age of his nearly 200 workers, five are retiring this year. Mr. Roth has three community-college students enrolled in a work-placement program, with a starting wage of $13 an hour that rises to $17 after two years. At a worktable inside the transformer plant, young Jason Stenquist looks flustered by the copper coils he’s trying to assemble and the arrival of two visitors. It’s his first week on the job. Asked about his choice of career, he says at high school he considered medical school before switching to electrical engineering. “I love working with tools. I love creating.”he says.But to win over these young workers, manufacturers have to clear another major hurdle: parents, who lived through the worst US economic downturn since the Great Depression, telling them to avoid the factory. Millennials “remember their father and mother both were laid off. They blame it on the manufacturing recession,”says Birgit Klohs, chief executive of The Right Place,a business development agency for western Michigan.These concerns aren’t misplaced: Employment in manufacturing has fallen from 17 million in 1970 to 12 million in 2013. When the recovery began, worker shortages first appeared in the high-skilled trades. Now shortages are appearing at the mid-skill levels.”The gap is between the jobs that take to skills and those that require a lot of skill,”says Rob Spohr, a business professor at Montcalm Community College. “There’re enough people to fill the jobs at McDonalds and other places where you don’t need to have much skill. It’s that gap in between, and that’s where the problem is. ”Julie Parks of Grand Rapids Community points to another key to luring Millennials into manufacturing: a work/life balance. While their parents were content to work long hours, young people value flexibility. “Overtime is not attractive to this generation. They really want to live their lives,”she says.41. Jay Deuwell42.Jason Stenquist43. Birgit Klohs44. Rob Spohr45.Julie Parks[A] says that he switched to electrical engineering because he loves working with tools.[B] points out that there are enough people to fill the jobs that don't need much skill.[C] points out that the US doesn't manufacture anything anymore.[D] believes that it is important to keep a close eye on the age of his workers.[E] says that for factory owners, workers are harder to find because of stiff competition.[F] points out that a work/life balance can attract young people into manufacturing.[G] says that the manufacturing recession is to blame for the lay-off the young people's parents.Section III Translation46.Directions:Translate the following text into Chinese. Write your translation neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)My dream has always been to work somewhere in an area between fashion and publishing. Two years before graduating from secondary school, I took a sewing and design course thinking that I would move on to a fashion design course. However, during that course I realized I was not good enough in this area to compete with other creative personalities in the future, so I decided that it was not the right path for me. Before applying for university I told everyone that I would study journalism, because writing was, and still is, one of my favourite activities. But, to be honest, I said it , because I thought that fashion and me together was just a dream—I knew that no one could imagine me in the fashion industry at all! So I decided to look for some fashion-related courses that included writing. This is when I noticed the course “Fashion Media & Promotion.”Section IV WritingPart A47.Directions：Suppose you are invited by Professor Williams to give a presentation about Chinese culture to a group of international students. Write a reply to1) accept the invitation, and2) introduce the key points of your presentationYou should write about 100 words on the ANSWER SHEET.Don’t use your own name, use “LiMing”instead.Don’t write your address. (10 points)48. Directions：Write an essay based on the following chart.In your write，you should1）interpret the chart，and2）Give your comments.You should write about 150 words neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. （15 points）2017年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语答案详解（二）Section I Use of English1.【答案】[C] warning【解析】此处是考察词义辨析，文章第一段首句提到“People have speculated for centuries about a future without work .”其意思是“人们几个世纪以来一直在思索没有工作的未来。
2017考研英语二真题 答案(完整版)
2017考研英语二真题+答案（缺少完型填空1-20）Section ⅠUse of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C, or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points).People have speculated for centuries about a future without work,.Today is no different, with academics, writers, and activists once again_1_ warning that technology is replacing human workers. Some imagine that the coming work-free world will be defined by_2_ inequality: A few wealthy people will own all the capital, and the masses will struggle in an impoverished wasteland.A different and not mutually exculsive _3_ holds that the future will be a wasteland of a different sort, one _4_by purposelessness: Without jobs to give their lives _5_, people will simply become lazy and depressed. _6_, today’s unemployed don’t seem to be having a great time. One Gallup poll found that 20 percent of Americans who have been unemployed for at least a year report having depression, double the rate for _7_Americans. Also, some research suggests that the _8_ for rising rates of mortality, mental-health problems, and addiction _9_ poorly-educated, middle-aged people is a shortage of well-paid jobs. Another study shows that people are often happier at work than in their free time. Perhaps this is why many _10_ about the agonizing dullness of a jobless future. But it doesn’t _11_ follow from findings like these that a world without work would be filled with malaise. Such visions are based on the_12_of being unemployed in a society built on the concept of employment. In the _13_ of work, a society designed with other ends in mind could _14_ strikingly different circumstances for the future of labor and leisure. Today, the _15_ of work may be a bit overblown. “Many jobs are boring, degrading, unhealthy, and a squandering of human potential,”says John Danaher, a lecturer at the National University of Ireland in Galway who has written about a world without work. “Global surveys find that the vast majority of people are unhappy at work.”These days, because leisure time is relatively _16_ for most workers, people use their free time to counterbalance the intellectual and emotional _17_ of their jobs. “When I come home from a hard day’s work, Ioften feel _18_,”Danaher says, adding, “In a world in which I don’t have to work, I might feel rather different”—perhaps different enough to throw himself _19_a hobby or a passion project with the intensity usually reserved for _20_ matters.1 [A]boasting [B]warning[C]denying[D]ensuring2[A]uncertainty[B]unreliability[C]instability[D]inequality3[A]policy[B]guideline[C]prediction[D]resolution4[A]measured[B]divied[C]balanced[D]characterized5[A]meaning[B]wisdom[C]glory[D]freedom6[A]indeed[B]instead[C]thus[D]nevertheless7[A]rich[B]working[C]urban[D]educated8[A]substitute[B]requirement[C]compensation[D] explanation9[A]under[B]beyond[C]among[D]alongside10[A]leave behind[B]worry about[C]make up[D]set aside11[A]atatistically[B]necessarily[C]occasionally[D]economicall12[A]downsides[B]chance[C]benefits[D]principles13[A]course[B]height[C]face[D]absence14[a]disturd[b]restore[C]yield[D]exclude15[A]model[B]virtue[C]practice[D]hardship16[A]tricky[B]lengthy[C]scarce[D]mysterious17[A]threats[B]standards[C]qualities[D]demands18[A]tired[B]ignored[C]confused[D]starved19[A]off[B]against[C]into[D]behind20[A]professional[B]technological[C]educational[D]interpersonal完型填空【答案】1.B warning2.D inequality3.C prediction4.D characterized5.A meaning6.A Indeed7.B working8.D explanation9.A under10.worry about11.B necessarily12.B chances13.D absence14.C yield15.C practice16.C scarce17.D demands18. A tired19.C into20.D interpersonalSection ⅡReading ComprehensionPart ADirections：Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1Every Saturday morning, at 9 am, more than 50,000 runners set off to run 5km around their local park. The Parkrun phenomenon began with a dozen friends and has inspired 400 events in the UK and more abroad. Events are free, staffed by thousands of volunteers. Runners range from four years old to grandparents; their times range from Andrew Baddeley’s world record 13 minutes 48 seconds up to an hour.Parkrun is succeeding where London’s Olympic “legacy” is failing. Ten years ago on Monday, it was announced that the Games of the 30th Olympic would be to lever a nation of sportlovers away from their couches. The population would be fitter,healthier and produce more winners. It has not happened. The number of adults doing weekly sport did rise, by nearly 2 million in the run-up to 2012-but the general population was growing faster. Worse, the numbers are now falling at an accelerating rate. The opposition claims primary school pupils doing at least two hours of sport a week have nearly halved. Obesity has risen among adults and children. Official retrospections continue as to why London 2012 failed to “inspire a generation.” The success of Parkrun offers answers.Parkrun is not a race but a time trial: Your only competitor is the clock. The ethos welcomes anybody. There is as much joy over a puffed-out first-timer being clapped over the line as there is about top talent shining. The Olympic bidders, by contrast, wanted to get more people doing sport and to produce more elite athletes. The dual aim is mixed up: The stress on success over taking part was intimidating for newcomers.Indeed, there is something a little absurd in the state getting involved planing of such a fundamentally “grassroots” concept as community sports associat ions. If there is a role for government, it should really be getting involved in providing common goods－making sure there is space for playing fields and the money to pave tennis and netball courts, and encouraging the provision of all these activities in schools. But successive governments have presided over selling green spaces, squeezing money from local authorities and declining attention on sport in education. Instead of wordy, worthy strategies, future governments need to do more to provide the conditions for sport to thrive. Or at least not make them worse.21.According to Paragraph 1 Parkrun has .[A] gained great popularity[B] created many jobs[C] strengthened community ties[D] become an official festival22.The author believes that London’s Olympic “legacy”has failed to .[A] boost population growth[B] promote sport participation[C] improve the city’s image[D] increase sport hours in schools23.Parkrun is different from Olympic games in that it .[A] aims at discovering talents[B] focuses on mass competition[C] does not emphasize elitism[D] does not attract first-timers24. ith regard to mass sports the author holds that governments should .[A] organize “grassroots” sports e vents[B] supervise local sports associations[C] increase funds for sports clubs[D] invest in public sports facilities25.The author’s attitude to what government have done for sports is .[A] tolerant[B] critical[C] uncertain[D] sympatheticText1【答案】21.A gained great popularity22.B promote sport participation23.C does not emphasize elitism24.D invest in public sports facilities25.B criticalText 2With so much focus on children’s use of screens,it’s easy for parents to forget about their own screen use. “Tech is designed to really suck you in,”says Jenny Radesky in her study of digital play, “and digital products are there to promote maximal engagement. It makes it hard to disengage, and leads to a lot of bleed-over into the family routine.”Radesky has studied the use of mobile phones and tablets at mealtimes by giving mother-child pairs a food-testing exercise. She found that mothers who used devices during theexercise started 20 per cent fewer verbal and 39 per cent fewer nonverbal interactions with their children. During a separate observation, she saw that phones became a source of tension in the family. Parents would be looking at their emails while the children would be making excited bids for their attention.Infants are wired to look at parents’ faces to try to understand their world, and if those faces are blank and unresponsive- as they often are when absorbed in a device- it can be extremely disconcerting for the children. Radesky cites the “still face experiment” devised by developmental psychologist Ed Tronick in the 1970s. In it, a mother is asked to interact with her child in a normal way before putting on a blank expression and not giving them any visual social feedback: The child becomes increasingly distressed as she tries to capture her mother’s attention. “Parents don’t have to be exquisitely present at all times, but there needs to be a balance and parents need to be responsive and sensitive to a child’s verbal or nonverbal expressions of an emotional need,” says Radesky.On the other hand, Tronick himself is concerned that the worries about kids’ use of screens are born out of an “oppressive ideology that demands that parents should always be interacting”with their children: “It’s based on a somewhat fantasised, very white, very upper-middle-class ideology that says if you’re failing to expose your child to 30,000 words you are neglecting them.”Tronick believes that just because a child isn’t learning from the screen doesn’t mean there’s no value to it- particularly if it gives parents time to have a shower, do housework or simply have a break from their child. Parents, he says, can get a lot out of using their devices to speak to a friend or get some work out of the way. This can make them feel happier, which lets them be more available to their child the rest of the time.26.According to Jenny Radesky, digital products are designed to______.[A] absorb user attention[B] increase work efficiency[C] simplify routine matters[D] better interpersonal relations27.Radesky’s food-testing exercise shows that mothers’ use of devices______.[A] takes away babies’ appetite[B] distracts children’s attention[C] reduces mother-child communication[D] slows down babies’ verbal development28.Radesky cites the “still face experiment” to show that______.[A] it is easy for children to get used to blank expressions[B] parents need to respond to children’s emotional needs[C] verbal expressions are unnecessary for emotional exchange[D] children are insensitive to changes in their parents’ mood29.The oppressive ideology mentioned by Tronick requires parents to______.[A] protect kids from exposure to wild fantasies[B] teach their kids at least 30,000 words a year[C] remain concerned about kids’ use of screens[D] ensure constant interaction with their children30.According to Tronick, kids’ use of screens may_______.[A] make their parents more creative[B] give their parents some free time[C] help them with their homework[D] help them become more attentiveText2【答案】26. A absorb user attention27. C reduces mother-child communication28. B parents need to respond to children’s emotional needs29.D ensure constant interaction with their children30.B give their parents some free timeText 3Today, widespread social pressure to immediately go to college in conjunction withincreasingly high expectations in a fast-moving word often causes students to completely overlook the possibility of taking a gap year. After all, if everyone you know is going to college in the fall, it seems silly to stay back a year doesn’t it? And after going to school for 12 years it doesn’t feel natural to spend a year doing something tha t isn’t academic.But while this may be true it’s not a good enough reason to condemn gap years. There’s always a constant fear of falling behind everyone else on the socially perpetuated “race to the finish line ” whether that be toward graduate school, medical school or a lucrative career. But despite common misconceptions, a gap year does not hind the success of academic pursuits-in fact, it probably enhances it.Studies from the United States and Australia show that students who take a gap year are generally better prepared for and perform better in college that those who do not. Rather than pulling students back, a gap year pushes them ahead by preparing them for independence, new responsibilities and environmental changes - all things that first-year students often struggle with the most. Gap year experiences can lessen the blow when it comes to adjusting to college and being thrown into a brand new environment, making it easier to focus on academics and activities rather than acclimation blunders.If you’re not convinced of the inherent value in taking a year off to explore interests then consider its financial impact on future academic choice. According to the National Center for Education Statistics, nearly 80 percent of college students end up changing their majors at least once. This isn’t surprising considering the basic mandatory high school curriculum leaves students with a poor understanding of the vast academic possibilities that await them in college. Many students find themselves listing one major on their college application, but switching to another after taking college classes. It’s not necessarily a bad thing but depending on the school it can be closely to make up credits after switching too late in the game. At Boston college, for example, you would have to complete an extra year were you to switch to the nursing school from another department. Taking a gap year to figure things out initially can help prevent stress and save money later on.31.One of the reasons for high-school graduates not taking a gap year is thatA. they think it academically misleadingB. they have a lot of fun to expect in collegeC. it feels strange to do differently from othersD. It seems worthless to take off-campus courses32.Studies from the US and Australia imply that taking a gap year helpsA.Keep students from being unrealisticB.Lower risks in choosing careersC.Ease freshmen’s financial burdensD.Relieve freshmen of pressures33.The word “acclimation” (Line 8 Para. 3) is closest in meaning toA.AdaptationB.ApplicationC.Motivationpetition34.A gap year may save money for students by helping themA. Avoid academic failuresB. Establish long-term goalC. Switch to another collegeD. Decide on the right major35.The most suitable title for this text would beA. In Favor of the GapB. The ABCs of the Gap YearC. The Gap Year Comes BackD. The Gap Year :A DilemmaText3【答案】31.B They have a lot of fun to expect in college32.D relieve freshmen of pressure33.B adaptation34.A decide on the right major35.B In favor of the Gap YearText 4Though often viewed as a problem for western states, the growing frequency of the wildfires is a national concern because of impact on federal tax dollars, says Professor Max Moritz, a specialist in fire ecology and management.In 2015, the US Forest Service for the first time spent more than half of its $5.5 billion annual budget fighting fires—nearly double the percentage it spend on such efforts 20 years ago. In effect, fewer federal finds todays are going towards the agency’s other work—such as forest conservations, watershed and cultural resources management, and infrastructure upkeep—that affect the lives of all Americans.Another nationwide concern is whether public front other agencies are going into construction in fire—prone districts. As Moritz puts it ,how often are federal dollors building homes are likely to be lost to a widefire?“It’s already a huge problem from a public expenditure persperctive for the whole country,”he says “We need to take a manifying glass to that. Like, “Wait a minitues, is this Ok?” Do we want instead to redirect those funds to concertrate on lower—hazardparts of the landscape?”Such a view would require a corresponding shift in the way US society today views fires, researchers say.For one thing, conversation about wildfires needs to be more inclusive. Over the past decade, the focus has been on climate change —how the warning of the Earth from greenhouse gases is leading to conditions that worsen fires.While climate is a key element, Moritz says, it shouldn’t come at the expense of the rest of the equation.“The human system and landscapes we live on are linked, and the interactions go boths ways,” he says. Falling to recognize that, he notes, leads to “ an overly simplified view of what thesolutions might be. Our perception of the problem and of what the solution is becomes very limited.”At the same time , people continue to treat fire as an event that needs to be wholly controlled and unleashed only out of necessity, says Proffesor Balch at the University of Colorado. But acknowledging fire’s inevitable presence in human life is an attitude crucial to developing for the laws, politics, and practices that make it as safe as possible, she says .“We’re disconnected ourselves from living with fire,” Balch says ,” It is really important to understand and try and trease out what is the human connection with the fire today .”36. More frequency wildfires have become a national concern because in 2015 they tend toA. cause a huge a rise of infrastructure expenditureB. severely damaged the ecology of western statesC. consumed a record—high percentage of budgetD. exhausted unprecendented management efforts37. Moritz calls for the use of “a magnifying glass” toA. raise more funds for fire-prone areasB. guarantee safer spending of public fundsC. avoid the redirection of federal moneyD. find widefire—free parts of the landscape38. While admitting that climate is a key element, Moritz notes thatA. public debates have not selected yetB. fire—fighting conditions are improvingC. other factors should not be overlookedD. a shift in the view of fire has taken place39. The overly simplified view Moritz mentions is a result of falling toA. understand the interrelation of man and natureB. maximize the role of landscape in human lifeC.explore the mechanism of the human systemsD. discover the fundamental makeup of nature40. Professor Balch point out that fire is something man shouldA. do away withB. keep away fromC. pay a price forD. come to terms withText4【答案】36. C consumed a record-high percentage of budget37. A raise more fund for fire-prone areas38. C other factors should nod be overlooked39. A understand the interrelations of man and nature40. D come to terms withPart BDirections:Read the following text and match each of the numbered items in the left column to its corresponding information in the right column. There are two extra choices in the right column. Mark your answers on the ANSWE SHEET.(10 minutes)The decline in American manufacturing is a common refrain, particularly from Donald Trump. “We don’t make anything anymore.”he told Fox News, while defending his own made-in-Mexico clothing line.Without question, manufacturing has taken a significant hit during recent decades, and further trade deals raise questions about whether new shocks could hit manufacturing.But there is also a different way to look at the data.Across the country, factory owners are now grappling with a new challenge: Instead of having too many workers, they may end up with too few. Despite trade competition and outsourcing. American manufacturing still needs to replace tens of thousands of retiring boomers every year. Millennials may not be that interested in taking their places. Other industries are recruiting them with similar or better pay.For factory owners, it all adds up to stiff competition for workers - and upward pressure on wages. “They’re harder to find and they have job offers.”says Jay Dunwell, president of Wolverine Coil Spring, a family-owned firm. “They may be coming [into the workforce], but they’ve been plucked by other industries that are also doing as well as manufacturing.”Mr Dunwell has begun bringing high school juniors to the factory so they can get exposed to its culture.At RoMan Manufacturing, a maker of electrical transformers and welding equipment that his father cofounded in 1980, Robert Roth keeps a close eye on the age of his nearly 200 workers. Five are retiring this year. Mr Roth has three community-college students enrooled in awork-placement program, with a starting wage of $17 after two years.At a worktable inside the transformer plant, young Jason Stenquist looks flustered by the copper coils he’s trying to assemble and the arrival of two visitors. It’s his first week on the job. Asked about his choice of career, he says at high school he considered medical school before switching to electrical engineering. “I love working with tools. I loving creating.” he says.But to win over these young workers, manufacturing have to clear another major hurdle: parents, who lived through the worst US economic downtown since the Great Despreesion, telling them to avoid the factory. Millennials “remember their father and mother both were laid off. They blame it on the manufacturing recessions.” says Birgit Klohs, chief executive of The Right Place, a business development agency western Michigan.There concerns aren’t misplaced: Employment in manufacturing has fallen from 17 million in 1970 to 12 million in 2015. When the recovery began, worker strangers first appeared in the high-skilled trades. Now shortages are appearing at the mid-skilled levels.“The gap is between the jobs that take on skill and those that require a lot of skills.” says rob Spohr, a business professor at Montcalm Community College. “There’re enough people to fill the jobs at McDonalds and other places where you don’t need to have much skill. It’s that gap in between, and that’s where the problem is.”Julie Parks of Grand Rapids Community College points to another key to another key to luring Millennials into manufacturing: a worker/life balance. While their parents were content to work long hours, young people value flexibility. “Overtime is not attractive to this generation. They really want to live their lives.” she says.[A] believe that it is important to keep a close eye on the ageof his workers41. Jay Dunwell [B] says that the manufacturing recession is to blame for thelay off of the young people’s parents.42. Jason Stenquist [C] says that for factory owners, workers are harder to findbecause of stiff competition.43. Birgit Klohs [D] says that he switched to electrical engineering because heloves working with tools.44. Rob Spohs [E] points out that the US doesn’t manufacture anythinganymore.45. Julie Parks [F] points out that there are enough people to fill the jobs thatdon’t need much skill.[G] points out that a worker/life balance can attract youngpeople into manufacturing.【答案】41. Jay Dunwell 答案C says that for factory owners, workers are harder to find because of stiff competition.42. Jason Stenquist 答案D says that he switched to electrical engineering because he loves working with tools.43. Birgit Klohs 答案B says that the manufacturing recession is to blame for the lay-off of the young people’s parents.44. Rob Spohr 答案F points out there are enough people to fill the jobs that don’t need much skill.45. Julie Parks 答案G points out that a work/life balance can attract young people into manufacturing.Section III TranslationDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neat on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)My dream has always been to work somewhere in an area between fashion and publishing. Two years before graduating from secondary school, I took a sewing and design course thinking that I would move on to a fashion design course. However, during that course I realized that I was not good enough in this area to compete with other creative personalities in the future, so I decided that it was not the right path for me. Before applying for university I told everyone that I wouldstudy journalism, because writing was, and still is, one of my favorite activities. But, to be honest, I said it, because I thought that fashion and me together was just a dream—I knew that no one could imagine me in the fashion industry at all! So I decided to look for some fashion-related courses that included writing. This is when I noticed the course “Fashion Media & Promotion.”46.【答案】我总是梦想着在一个与时尚和出版相关的地方工作。