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2024届广东省惠州市惠阳高级中学全国高三模拟考试(六)数学试题

2024届广东省惠州市惠阳高级中学全国高三模拟考试（六）数学试题请考生注意：1．请用2B 铅笔将选择题答案涂填在答题纸相应位置上，请用0．5毫米及以上黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将主观题的答案写在答题纸相应的答题区内。

写在试题卷、草稿纸上均无效。

2．答题前，认真阅读答题纸上的《注意事项》，按规定答题。

一、选择题：本题共12小题，每小题5分，共60分。

在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。

1． “角谷猜想”的内容是：对于任意一个大于1的整数n ，如果n 为偶数就除以2，如果n 是奇数，就将其乘3再加1，执行如图所示的程序框图，若输入10n =，则输出i 的（）A ．6B ．7C ．8D ．92．函数()1ln1xf x x-=+的大致图像为（） A ． B ．C ．D ．3．已知双曲线2222:10,0()x y C a b a b-=>>的左、右顶点分别为12A A 、，点P 是双曲线C 上与12A A 、不重合的动点，若123PA PA k k =，则双曲线的离心率为( ) A ．2B ．3C ．4D ．24．已知随机变量X 的分布列是X12 3P1213a则()2E X a +=（） A ．53B ．73C ．72D ．2365．对于函数()f x ，若12,x x 满足()()()1212f x f x f x x +=+，则称12,x x 为函数()f x 的一对“线性对称点”．若实数a 与b 和+a b 与c 为函数()3xf x =的两对“线性对称点”，则c 的最大值为（）A ．3log 4B ．3log 41+C ．43D ．3log 41-6．如下的程序框图的算法思路源于我国古代数学名著《九章算术》中的“更相减损术”．执行该程序框图，若输入的a ，b 分别为176，320，则输出的a 为（）A ．16B ．18C ．20D ．157．若x ，y 满足约束条件40,20,20,x y x x y -+≥⎧⎪-≤⎨⎪+-≥⎩且z ax y =+的最大值为26a +，则a 的取值范围是（）A ．[1,)-+∞B ．(,1]-∞-C ．(1,)-+∞D ．(,1)-∞-8．已知12,F F 是椭圆和双曲线的公共焦点，P 是它们的-一个公共点，且1223F PF π∠=，设椭圆和双曲线的离心率分别为12,e e ，则12,e e 的关系为（） A ．2212314e e += B ．221241433e e += C ．2212134e e += D ．221234e e +=9．《九章算术》是我国古代内容极为丰富的数学名著，书中有如下问题：“今有刍甍，下广三丈，袤四丈，上袤二丈，无广，高二丈，问：积几何?”其意思为：“今有底面为矩形的屋脊状的楔体，下底面宽3丈，长4丈，上棱长2丈，高2丈，问：它的体积是多少?”已知l 丈为10尺，该楔体的三视图如图所示，其中网格纸上小正方形边长为1，则该楔体的体积为（）A ．10000立方尺B ．11000立方尺C ．12000立方尺D ．13000立方尺10．若复数z 满足(1)12i z i +=+，则||z =( )A ．22B ．32C ．102D ．1211．一个正三角形的三个顶点都在双曲线221x ay +=的右支上，且其中一个顶点在双曲线的右顶点，则实数a 的取值范围是（） A ．()3,+∞B ．)3,+∞C ．(,3-∞-D ．(),3-∞-12．已知向量(2,4)a =-，(,3)b k =，且a 与b 的夹角为135︒，则k =（） A ．9-B ．1C ．9-或1D ．1-或9二、填空题：本题共4小题，每小题5分，共20分。

2024届天一大联考高三第六次联考理综物理核心考点试题(基础必刷)

2024届天一大联考高三第六次联考理综物理核心考点试题（基础必刷）一、单项选择题（本题包含8小题，每小题4分，共32分。

在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的）(共8题)第(1)题火箭发射回收是航天技术的一大进步．如图所示，火箭在返回地面前的某段运动，可看成先匀速后减速的直线运动，最后撞落在地面上．不计火箭质量的变化，则A．火箭在匀速下降过程中机械能守恒B．火箭在减速下降过程中携带的检测仪器处于失重状态C．火箭在减速下降过程中合力做功，等于火箭机械能的变化D．火箭着地时，火箭对地的作用力大于自身的重力第(2)题如图所示，质量为M的盒子放在光滑的水平面上，盒子内表面不光滑，盒内放有一块质量为m的物块。

从某一时刻起给m一个水平向右的初速度，那么在块与盒子前后壁多次往复碰撞后（）A．两者的速度均为零B．两者的速度总不会相等C．物块的最终速度为，向右D ．物块的最终速度为，向右第(3)题磁场中垂直于磁场方向固定一根直导线，在导线中通以大小不同的电流。

导线受到的安培力大小F与电流I的关系图像正确的是（）A．B．C．D．第(4)题关于高中物理实验中用到的思想方法，下列说法不正确的是（）A．图甲为著名的伽利略斜面实验，应用了理想实验的方法B．图乙为研究加速度a和外力F、质量m的关系实验，主要应用了控制变量的方法C．图丙为探究合力与分力的关系实验，主要应用了极限的思想方法D．图丁为卡文迪许通过扭秤测量引力常量的实验，应用了放大的思想方法第(5)题如图所示为放置在水平地面上的三角支架，它由三根完全相同的支撑杆通过铰链组合在一起。

现将质量为M的相机静置在支架上，每根支撑杆与竖直方向所成的夹角均为θ，不计支架的重力，重力加速度为g，则下列说法正确的是（）A．支撑杆所受力的大小为B．地面对支撑杆的摩擦力大小为C．地面对支撑杆的支持力大小为D．若增大θ，地面对支撑秆的摩擦力增大第(6)题如图所示，小明分别在篮筐正前方的、位置投掷篮球，篮球都垂直击中篮板上的同一点，已知篮球两次出手时的高度相同，不计空气阻力，关于两次投篮，下列说法正确的是（）A．篮球出手时的速度相同B．篮球击中篮筐时的速度相同C．小明两次投篮时对篮球做的功相同D．篮球从出手到垂直击中篮筐所用的时间相同第(7)题1919年，卢瑟福做了用α粒子轰击氮核的实验，发现了（）A．质子B．中子C．电子D．核子第(8)题如图所示，一固定杆与水平方向夹角为，将一质量为的滑块套在杆上，通过轻绳悬挂一个质量为的小球，杆与滑块之间的动摩擦因数为。

高考英语概要写作讲解+课件-2025届高三英语上学期一轮复习专项

并用自己的话简单地写出来。（一句话） ➢ 写下每个主要想法的关键支持点，不要涉及小细节。 ➢ 以符合逻辑的顺序组织主要和相关的支持点，实现连贯性的必要过渡。 ➢ 校对语法、拼写和标点错误等。
概要写作（小作文）
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④Finally, the anxiety of dating is greatly lessened with cyber-dating. Traditionally, men take the lead in dating. They are the ones who have to ask a woman out on a date. They have to risk rejection. It’s no better for women, however. Many women still wait for a man to ask them out first. Then, if they don’t want to go out with him, they have to let the man down gently. While it’s true that sometimes with cyber-dating men still get rejected and women still reject, you experience this in the privacy of your own home. Moreover, you never have to see the person again because you have never met! It’s the perfect solution.

高三上学期期末英语试卷汇编：概要写作专题

高三上学期期末（一模）英语解析版试卷分类汇编概要写作专题2023届上海市黄浦区高三上学期一模英语试卷六、概要写作51．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.The risk of pre-schooling“Young children learning to read is one of the most importan t things primary education does. It’s fundamental to children making progress in life,” says Dominic Wyse, a professor of primary education at University College London, in the UK. “While learning literacy is vital to childern, the way we teach it really m atters.”In a 2022 report, he states that English school system’s intense focus on phonics – a method that involves matching the sound of a spoken word or letter, with individual written letters, through a process called “sounding out” – could be failing some children. A reason for this is that the tests used to assess that early learning may have little to do with the skills actually needed to read and enjoy books or other meaningful texts. For example, the tests may ask pupils to “sound out” and spell no nsense words, to prevent them from simply guessing, or recognising familiar words. Since nonsense words are not meaningful language, children may find the task difficult and puzzling. It doesn’t end up being meaningful, it ends up being memorising rather t han understanding context.Children who attend intensive preschools do not have higher academic abilities in later grades than those who did not attend such preschools, several studies now show. Early education can however have a positive impact on social development – which in turn feeds into the likelihood of graduation from school and university as well as being associated with lower crime rates. In short, attending preschool can have positive effects on later achievement in life, but not necessary on academic skills.Too much academic pressure may even cause problems in the long run. A study published in January 2022 suggested that those who attended a preschool with a strong academic emphasis, showed lower academic achievements a few years later, compared to those who had not gained a place._______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________2023届上海市松江区高三上学期一模英语试题71．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Out of Sight, Out of MindTechnology has made paying all sorts of bills incredibly easy. The real-time budget apps, which capture our spending and pay our bills automatically, should theoretically give us more control over our money. But why, in real life, do they do the opposite?It helps to think about how we used to pay. My parents describe a process that would involve three separate points of contact whenever they paid for something with a credit card: first, at the cash register, then when a bill came in the mail and finally when they wrote a check to cover it. While each of the checkpoints is technically still there, automation has given us a chance to skip the second and the third. For bills paid automatically through a banking app, even the first checkpoint can be gone. We know that it is happening in the background, but it’s so far out of view that it might as well not be there. How do we get that connection back, without giving up the convenience that technology has brought us?The good news is that though technology has taken away something, it can also give. Much of the battle is simply recognizing what we’ve lost. If we want to be smart about our money and have thorough control over it, we need to bridge that gap between what we spend on and how much we pay. We can start using personal-finance apps to do more than make our lives easier. These apps can send us notifications when each automatic payment is being made and categorize purchases, sending us instant spending reports. Admittedly, those tools require the user to sign up for these services and make conscious efforts to take full advantage of them. In this way, they are arguably better practice than balancing a checkbook on a Saturday morning._______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________2023届上海市崇明区高三上学期一模英语试卷71．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.ChatbotsWhat if instead of clicking on link after link on a company’s website, you could type a question and get an immediate, customized answer? Some companies are working to make this areality using chatbots. Chatbots are computer programs that can communicate with human beings by phone, on messaging apps or on websites.There are two types of chatbots: open and closed. A closed chatbot follows a script, which may or may not i nvolve using AI (artificial intelligence) to understand users’ messages. An open chatbot uses AI both to figure out what users want and to generate responses. Open chatbots are able to learn from their conversations and thus improve their ability to communicate over time. This means that open chatbots can respond to a wider range of inquiries, compared with closed chatbots. Communicating with them feels more natural, but if they have not been correctly trained, users may have a bad experience with them.One significant advantage of chatbots is that they are available all the time, even in the middle of the night. Plus, a single chatbot can cater to multiple users at once. This means that users can get immediate answers to their questions rather than waiting for a human representative. Chatbots have the potential to overcome several technological problems people face. These include difficulty in searching websites and trouble finding basic information and answers to simple questions.However, in order for chatbots to work, humans are still indispensable (不可或缺的). Someone has to program the chatbots initially, train them, and maintain and improve the chatbot system. Further, even open chatbots may not have the answers to detailed questions, and many people simply prefer speaking to a human rather than a chatbot. Thus, chatbots are unlikely to completely replace human agents. Rather, they will help users resolve simple problems so that customer service representatives can focus on more difficult issues._______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________2023届上海市虹口区高三上学期一模英语试题六、概要写作51．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Are Oceans Silent?Most sea creatures, from whales and dolphins to fish, sharks and shrimps, respond to sound, and many can produce it. They use it to hunt and to hide, find mates and food, send messages and give warnings, establish territories, warn off competitors, confuse their targets, deceive enemies, and sense changes in water and conditions. Marine animals click bones, grind teeth and belch gases (磨牙打嗝); use special organs to make various noises. Far from the ‘silent deep’, the oceans are so noisy.Into this age-long confused noise, in the blink of an evolutionary eye, has entered a new thunder: the trembling sound of mighty engines as 46,220 large ships passed the world’s shippingcourses. Scientists say that background noise in the ocean has increased roughly by 15 decibels (分贝) in the past 50 years. It may not sound like much in overall terms, but it is enough, according to many marine biologists, to mask the normal sounds of ocean life going about its business. At its most intense, some even say noise causes whales to become disoriented, dolphins to suffer from ‘the bends’, fish to go deaf, leave their breeding grounds or fail to form groups—enough to disorganize the basic biology of two thirds of the planet.“Undersea noise pollution is like the death of a thousand cuts”, says Sylvia Earie, chief scientist of the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. “Each sound in itself may not be a matter of critical concern, but taken all together, the noise from shipping,earthquake-related surveys, and military activity is creating a totally different environment than existed even 50 years ago. That high level of noise is bound to have a hard, sweeping impact on life in the sea._______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________2023届上海市徐汇区高三上学期一模英语试题六、概要写作51．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Why Don’t We Use the Math We Learn in School?How much of the math you’ve learned in school is used in everyday life? For the majority of people, the answer is surprisingly little. Clearly, some people learn math very well and apply it in everyday problem-solving settings. The question is why most people don’t, in spite of spending many years practicing it.The first explanation blames the failure of education. One of the major barriers to using a skill in real life is automaticity. We tend to find the least-effort solution to our problem. If struggling through a math problem is hard for you, you’ll find a different way to solve it that doesn’t rely on math. The familiar model for teaching mathematics revolves around teachers telling students certain rules, applying those rules to examples and students then practicing problems similar to the examples seen in class. By teaching in this way, a lot of the work and deep thought that went into the creation of these mathematical rules is lost. In that sense, people were never taught math thoroughly enough to use it automatically in real life.The second explanation is a little different. It argues that people may develop competence in math classes, but they struggle to translate real-life problems into a format where they can usetheir mathematics knowledge. This seems most apparent in the case of applying algebra (代数). Students struggle with algebra, but they particularly struggle with word problems. Yet, the equivalent real-life problems are typically much harder than word problems. From this perspective, what people struggle with is not doing math, but recognizing where and how to apply math to real problems.Educational researchers now emphasize the importance of transfer and deep understanding. They believe we need to give students more training in noticing and converting everyday situations into the math problems they know how to solve. By using real-life math applications, students can make connections between math and everyday life._______________________________________________________________________________ _____________参考答案2023届上海市黄浦区高三上学期一模英语试卷51．Learning literacy is important for children, and how they learn it counts. A study shows too much phonics learning negatively affects children because passing the tests only requires meaningless pronunciation and spelling instead of understanding. Although pre-schooling does good to the development of society, studies also show too much of it has nothing to do with later academic achievements.【导语】本文是一篇议论文。

2021年高三第六次质量检查理综生物试题含答案

a b c d e f2021年高三第六次质量检查理综生物试题含答案相对原子质量：H-1 C-12 N-14 O-16 Na-23 S-32 Cl-35.5 Fe-56 Cu-64第Ⅰ卷（选择题共126分）一、选择题：本题共13小题，每题6分。

在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。

1．关于生物体内一些具有重要生理作用的叙述，下列叙述正确的是A ．激素和酶都具有高效性，只能在细胞内发挥作用B ．剧烈运动时，肌细胞中的ATP/ADP 比值上升C ．当种子从休眠进入萌发状态后，自由水／结合水比值上升D ．记忆细胞都是在受抗原刺激后，由B 淋巴细胞和T 细胞增殖分化来的2．酸碱物质在生物实验中有广泛的应用，下面有关实验中，表述正确的是A ．斐林试剂中，NaOH 为CuSO 4与还原糖的反应创造碱性条件B ．浓硫酸为溴麝香草酚蓝与酒精的显色反应创造酸性环境条件C ．盐酸水解口腔上皮细胞可改变膜的通透性，加速健那绿进入细胞将DNA 染色D ．双缩脲试剂中，NaOH 为CuSO 4与蛋白质的反应创造碱性条件3．研究人员将抗虫基因导入棉花细胞内培育转基因抗虫棉。

右图表示两个抗虫基因在染色体上随机整合的三种情况，以下说法不正确的是（不考虑交叉互换和突变） A ．有丝分裂后期含四个抗虫基因的有甲、乙、丙B ．减数第一次分裂后期含四个抗虫基因的有甲、乙、丙C ．减数第二次分裂后期可能含四个抗虫基因的有甲、丙D ．配子中可能含两个抗虫基因的有乙、丙的子细胞4. 将一个用15N标记的DNA 分到14N 的培养基上培养，让其连续复制三次，再将全部复制产物置于试管内进行离心，右图中分别代表复制1次、2次、3次后的分层结果是A．c、e、f B．a、e、bC．a、b、d D．c、d、f5．凝血过程中凝血酶原与凝血因子结合后，转变为有活性的凝血酶，而凝血酶的产生又能加速凝血酶原与凝血因子的结合，下列哪项调节过程的机制与此最为相似A．寒冷时，甲状腺激素浓度升高，抑制促甲状腺激素分泌B．临近排卵时，雌激素浓度升高，促进促性腺激素分泌C．进餐后，胰岛素分泌增多，使血糖浓度下降D．生态系统中，捕食者数量增长，使被捕食者数量减少6. H7N9型禽流感是全球首次发现的新亚型流感病毒。

2024年上海市部分区高三上学期期末高考一模英语汇编：概要写作

上海市部分区2023-2024学年高三上学期期末（一模）英语试卷分类汇编概要写作2024届上海市金山区高三上学期一模英语试卷IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.71. Benefits of Green SpacesWe all know the value of taking a walk in the fresh spring weather. It allows yourmind to relax and forget about the problems in everyday life. Studies have commonlyshown the benefits of being around green spaces, including gardens, urban parks andforests.But did you know that being in contact with these natural surroundings during childhood could positively impact your mental health as an adult? A study by the Institute for Global Health surveyed 3,600 people from all over Europe.The all-adult study gave participants a questionnaire (问卷) on how frequently they used natural spaces during childhood — for example, playing in a garden or riding a bike at the park. They were also asked about the importance they put on using such places. Volunteers were then given a psychological test, which included a variety of questionnaires and problem-solving activities, to analyze their nervousness and feelings of depression within a four-week period. The results consistently showed that the people who were more exposed to natural spaces had higher mental health scores compared to those with lower childhood exposure — as did those who attached higher importance to using green spaces. The study’s assistant, Wilma Smith, wrote that the results “show the importance of childhood exposure to natural spaces for the development of a nature-appreciating attitude and a healthy psychological state in adulthood”. She also stressed the importance of “recognizing the i mplications of growing up in environments with limited opportunities for exposure to nature”.According to the study, 73 percent of Europe’s population only has limited access to natural spaces. So we call on policymakers to improve the availability of natural spaces for children.While this study was based in Europe, a lack of green space can affect anyone, anywhere. So remember to make time to expose yourself to nature, as your mental health is just as important as the physical one.2024届上海市徐汇区高三上学期一模英语试卷IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.There are many reasons why some cats are bad-tempered; their temperament can be influenced by their upbringing or they are simply born that way. However, even the sweetest, most affectionate cats can suddenlybecome bad-tempered and behave out of character. According to veterinarian Dr Katrina Warren, the problem can generally be solved, but you’ll need to look for underlying issues.Changes in a cat’s behaviour can often be explained by a health problem. Pain can cause cats to behave very differently, and it’s easy to mistake a problem as behavioural, when in fact i t is medical. Should you observe a significant change in your cat’s behaviour, then a visit to the vet is the best place to start? Watch out for changes in eating, drinking or litter-box habits. Also hiding and avoiding being touched. Be sure to report all changes to your vet. There are many cat health problems that can be readily treated to ease symptoms and pain for your cat.It pays to remember that cats don’t like to share or queue. Sharing of ‘resources’ such as litter trays and foodbowls can cause str ess and anxiety for many cats. It’s always a good idea to provide each cat with their own litter box, food, water bowls and bed as a minimum. One litter box for each cat plus a spare is even better, as are multiple sleeping spots and extra scratching posts. A lack of space to hide from or avoid other cats, competition for territory and lack of individual attention can also add to household friction. If your cat is feeling anxious, offering it an elevated place to sit, such as a climbing tree, can be helpful.Moving to a new house, the arrival of a new baby, new pets and other types of change can seriously impact cat behaviour. Cats are creatures of habit and tend to be territorial, so a change in routine may cause them to react in a number of ways, including withdrawal or aggression. Try to keep your cat’s environment as calm as possible and make sure there are places where they feel safe. Sometimes confining them to a single room with a litter box, bedding and home comforts can help them to settle.Some cats simply do not like being touched and handled. These are often cats that received limited socialisation with humans when they were kittens. These cats do best in a quiet household without children and need understanding and patience to help build their confidence.2024届上海市松江区高三上学期一模英语试卷IV. Summary WritingDirections:Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s)of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.71. Why Should We Read Literary Classics?Many have grown up on a healthy diet of literary classics. Some literary classics have been inspiring readers in many ways. In this age of fast-turners, how does investing our time in a timeless literary classic change us for the better?Many literary classics from yesteryear, which got little or no success when published, are considered invaluable. These books offer a window through which we can experience histories rooted in different cultures. One can always ask,“But we can do so by reading our history books too. Why do we need to read classics?"The simple answer is that these literary classics are not just a retelling of history. They allow us to have a more individualized experience, where they show us other ways to look at history.It is common knowledge that reading as a habit helps us improve our command of the language. But literary classics have an edge:the enriching writing style is something that sets them apart. Fascinated with the amazing wording and phrasing, we'll surely pause and wonder about what we read. For instance, when we read Shakespeare, we naturally begin to consider how to better express our ideas just like his far-reaching "Have more than you show；speak less than you know."One more benefit is that after reading classics, we won't see non-classics as just other stories: we'll become interested in them. Maybe we'll realize that some details we ignored last time are actually worth appreciating, or we'll discover literary devices that bring a whole new meaning to the story. Literary classics offer us more perspectives to dig deep and enhance our ability to think and reason, which will inevitably spill over into our reading of other works. We finally fall in love with non-classics as well.2024届上海市长宁区英语高三上学期一模试卷IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.71. The problem of robocalls has become so bad that we refuse to pick up calls from numbers we don’t know. Nearly half of the calls we receive are scams(欺诈). We’ve realized the severity of the problem by supporting and developing a group of tools, apps and approaches intended to prevent scammers from getting through. Unfortunately, it’s too little. By the time these “solutions” become widely available, scammers will have moved onto cleverer means. In the near future, it’s not just going to be the number you see on your screen that will be in doubt. Soon you will also question whether the voice you’re hearing is actually real.That’s because there are many powerful voice manipulation(处理) technologies to be available. A company showed a new voice technology able to produce a convincing human–sounding voice able to speak to a receptionist and book a reservation without detection.These developments are likely to make our current problems with robocalls much worse. The reason that robocalls are a headache has less to do with amount than precision. A decade of data disclosure of personal information has led to a situation where scammers can easily learn your mother’s name, and far more. Armed with this knowledge, they’re able to cheat the targeted people. This means, for example, that a scammer could call you from what l ooks to be a familiar number and talk to you with a voice sounding exactly like your bank teller’s, misleading you to “confirm” your address and card number. Scammers follow money, so companies will be the worst hit. A lot of business is still done over the phone, and much of it is based on trust and existing relationships. V oice manipulation technologies may weaken that gradually.We need to deal with the insecure nature of our telecom networks. Phone carriers and consumers need to work together to find ways of determining and communicating what is real. That might mean either developing a uniform way to mark videos and images, showing when and who they were made by or abandoning phone calls altogether and moving towards data-based communications—using apps like WeChat and Alipay, which can be tied to your identity.2024届上海市黄浦区高三上学期一模英语试卷IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Why companies are hiring ‘prompt engineers’?With the new generative AI tools, like ChatGPT, anyone can put in a prompt — type in a few words and get a result. But that doesn’t mean that the results will be relevant or accurate.The ke y is putting in the right prompt. That’s why some businesses are now hiring prompt engineers —people with the skills, background and practice to talk to so-called large-language AI systems effectively — and why many people expect prompt engineering to be a desirable skill for many kinds of workers to add to theirrésumés.In general, the more detailed the request, the closer the response will come to what the user is looking for. But the most effective prompt engineering goes beyond adding detail.For one thing, adding the right detail to get the best response is crucial. Also, there are many ways to guide how an AI system presents the information it finds, depending on the goal — telling it to write in a certain style or for a certain audience, for instance. Each tool also has particular capabilities and limitations that users can learn to tackle. And the best results often come from an extended conversation with the AI, reacting to what it produces and asking for refinements.Even for people applying to j obs that don’t clearly mention prompt engineering, having this skill could become essential for all sorts of roles. Art directors could use generative AI to outline ideas, and marketers could use it to develop new slogans. Software engineers could use it to find problems with their code. Lawyers could useit to research a piece of law. This is going to be a foundational skill that all of us need to know. The through line is when you learn a new skill, you can take it in any direction you like.参考答案2024届上海市金山区高三上学期一模英语试卷Summary71. Researches show exposure to nature during childhood has a positive impact on mental health in adulthood. Those using natural spaces more frequently and attaching greater importance to using them score higher in psychological tests including problem-solving abilities and negative feelings’ analysis. Therefore, availability of natural spaces should be improved by governments and being exposed to nature should be highlighted.2024届上海市徐汇区高三上学期一模英语试卷IV. Summary WritingCats’ temperament is linked to their upbringing or innate traits. Health issues may also affect behavior, requiring vet attention. Stress from sharing resources like litter trays is highlighted, suggesting individual essentials. Environmental changes, like moving or having new comers, can impact cats, urging a calm environment. Cats not liking touch might stem from limited socialization, needing patience in quiet homes.2024届上海市松江区高三上学期一模英语试卷Reading literary classics benefits us a lot. Firstly, It offers us individualized ways of experiencing history.secondly, it improves our writing ability by encouraging us to think over their expressions and learn to express our ideas in that way. Besides, we’ll love to read non-classics because reading classics enable us to think and reason deeply from diverse perspective. (57’)2024届上海市长宁区英语高三上学期一模试卷IV. Summary Writing(For reference only)评分标准：本答题满分10分。

2023年上海高三英语一模汇编 —概要写作

概要写作-2023年上海高三英语一模汇编一类：说明文1.宝山区When you’re having fun with your friends,you take selfies.When you visit famous places, you take selfies.When you are in beautiful spots,you take selfies.But sometimes you don’t look very attractive in the photos.And,of course,if you’re going to post them,you want to look your best.What can you do?Instead of posting a photo you don’t like,you can turn to photo retouching.When you retouch an image,you improve its appearance.Many apps offer you the ability to do that.Their easy-to-use tools help you smooth your skin,make your teeth straighter and whiter,and more. Within the apps,you can also change your facial features.You can make your eyes rounder and brighter.You can change the shape of your face or your nose.You can also change the direction of the light source or add highlights.All in all,you can make yourself look like you wish you looked.Now you’ve uploaded your retouched photos to social media.People leave positive comments,and you get a lot of likes.That’s great,right?Maybe not.With so many people sharing personal images of their lives,it’s almost like a contest.Who looks the best,takes perfect selfies and lives up to social media’s standard of beauty? You need to be part of that crowd so that you don’t feel left out.Worse yet,you feel if you’re not part of that crowd,you may be criticized for your looks.Maybe you think that if you don’t look like the influencers you follow,you’re not good enough.People generally retouch themselves to have larger eyes,thinner chins and brighter skin.Does everyone now look the same?It seems like a lot of people are trying to match to unrealistic beauty ideals.That isn’t good for anyone’s self-image.Perhaps it’s time to post the real you and only lightly retouched,if at all._______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________2.崇明区ChatbotsWhat if instead of clicking on link after link on a company’s website,you could type a question and get an immediate,customized answer?Some companies are working to make this a reality using chatbots.Chatbots are computer programs that can communicate with human beingsby phone,on messaging apps or on websites.There are two types of chatbots:open and closed.A closed chatbot follows a script,which may or may not involve using AI(artificial intelligence)to understand users’messages.An open chatbot uses AI both to figure out what users want and to generate responses.Open chatbots are able to learn from their conversations and thus improve their ability to communicate over time. This means that open chatbots can respond to a wider range of inquiries,compared with closed municating with them feels more natural,but if they have not been correctly trained, users may have a bad experience with them.One significant advantage of chatbots is that they are available all the time,even in the middle of the night.Plus,a single chatbot can cater to multiple users at once.This means that users can get immediate answers to their questions rather than waiting for a human representative. Chatbots have the potential to overcome several technological problems people face.These include difficulty in searching websites and trouble finding basic information and answers to simple questions.However,in order for chatbots to work,humans are still indispensable(不可或缺的). Someone has to program the chatbots initially,train them,and maintain and improve the chatbot system.Further,even open chatbots may not have the answers to detailed questions,and many people simply prefer speaking to a human rather than a chatbot.Thus,chatbots are unlikely to completely replace human agents.Rather,they will help users resolve simple problems so that customer service representatives can focus on more difficult issues._______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________3.奉贤区Why Camping Can Be So Much Fun?When you go on holiday,where do you like to stay?If you haven’t tried camping,maybe you should join the increasing number of people who are enjoying the simple pleasures of camping.By grabbing your tent,and some additional things,it’s easy to head off to the countryside and enjoy a night or two under the stars.Many campers are dumping the trappings of their modern, busy life to do this,encouraged by experts who say a few peaceful nights in the middle of nowhere might be a good way to relax and improve our sleep patterns and well-being.It is also,of course,a good low-budget holiday option.For the adventurous,wild camping is an ideal way to escape from reality.Armed with just some food and a sleeping bag,you’re free from rules,away from other people,and able to enjoythe back-to-basics experience.But for those who still want some home comforts,a campsite is a more suitable place to fix your tent.Here you have facilities such as washrooms,a shop and maybe even a restaurant.And for the most luxurious camping experience,you could try glamping, a type of camping associated with extreme comforts and luxury.More recently,sales of camping equipment have jumped as more people have chosen a vacation spent at hometown due to travel restrictions caused by the pandemic.One camping retailer,Halfords,reported a sharp rise in demand for products such as stoves,cool boxes and camping chairs.With the addition of soft pillows,powerful torches and lamps to light up your tent and a better selection of easy-to-cook food,you can almost guarantee a comfortable and enjoyable camping expedition.So maybe it’s time to give camping a try._______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________4.虹口区Are Oceans Silent?Most sea creatures,from whales and dolphins to fish,sharks and shrimps,respond to sound, and many can produce it.They use it to hunt and to hide,find mates and food,send messages and give warnings,establish territories,warn off competitors,confuse their targets,deceive enemies, and sense changes in water and conditions.Marine animals click bones,grind teeth and belch gases(磨牙打嗝);use special organs to make various noises.Far from the‘silent deep’,the oceans are so noisy.Into this age-long confused noise,in the blink of an evolutionary eye,has entered a new thunder:the trembling sound of mighty engines as46,220large ships passed the world’s shipping courses.Scientists say that background noise in the ocean has increased roughly by15decibels (分贝)in the past50years.It may not sound like much in overall terms,but it is enough, according to many marine biologists,to mask the normal sounds of ocean life going about its business.At its most intense,some even say noise causes whales to become disoriented,dolphins to suffer from‘the bends’,fish to go deaf,leave their breeding grounds or fail to form groups—enough to disorganize the basic biology of two thirds of the planet.“Undersea noise pollution is like the death of a thousand cuts”,says Sylvia Earie,chief scientist of the U.S.National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.“Each sound in itself may not be a matter of critical concern,but taken all together,the noise from shipping, earthquake-related surveys,and military activity is creating a totally different environment than existed even50years ago.That high level of noise is bound to have a hard,sweeping impact on life in the sea._______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________5.嘉定区Why Laughter Yoga Makes You Smile“Friends,I must tell you,laughter yoga is not a comedy.”Dr Madan Kataria,the creator of laughter yoga,an exercise programme involving prolonged laughter,ughter yoga,a combination of breathing exercises and deliberate(故意的)laughter,came from humble beginnings,but has mushroomed into a global movement.Hundreds of clubs,usually free to attend,have now been established across Asia,Europe and North America.“I had read so much about the benefits of laughter,and how acting out emotions,especially through facial expressions,can create them,”Kataria tells me.But he realised he wouldn’t often see people laughing in Mumbai.“The idea struck me:why not start a laughter club?Laughter reduces stress,”Kataria goes on,following some yogic postures,“it makes your immune(免疫) system stronger and keeps your mind positive!”Five people attended Katana’s first meet-up in Mumbai in1995.He initially asked participants to tell jokes to force laughter,but as attendances grew Kataria learned that laughing for no reason at all was the best method.“We started just faking laughter,”he says.“And then people started laughing for real.It was infectious;we couldn’t stop.”Laughter yoga addresses a deep-seated need to laugh that is being stifled(遏制).Young children can laugh hundreds of times a day.But as we get older,the fun begins to stop—our brains learn how to adapt our emotions in tune with the needs of others.We develop empathy(同理心).But so are we told to stop laughing and be serious about life.There’s often a sense that if you’re laughing,you’re not properly learning,or working,or focusing,or paying respect. Sometimes this is justified,but not always.Perhaps that is the recipe for the growing popularity of laughter yoga._______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________6.金山区“Digital Hoarding”Could Be an Increasing ProblemAs data storage has become more accessible than ever,the amount of digital“stuff”we all have put aside is on the rise,too.In a recent paper published in the journal Information&Management,we have investigated a rising phenomenon called“digital hoarding”,which happens when an individual constantly acquires digital content,feels difficulty in getting rid of it,and gradually gets more and more digital content without an intended purpose.Digital hoarding can quickly increase out of control,too—perhaps even more quickly than in the physical world,due to several reasons.First,the digital hoarder is less likely to notice the space limitations in the digital world.While the boundaries of a physical space are clear,such boundaries are less noticeable in digital spaces.Second,hoarding of physical objects happens in fixed boundaries,while digital spaces are“expandable”—you can get additional digital storage with minimum effort at very little or zero cost.Third,to hoard physical items,a person needs to expend some effort,such as purchasing them.By contrast,most digital contents are either self-created,free,or available on a subscription(订阅)basis.Fourth,compared with physical stuff, digital contents can be multiplied,for example,by making copies,with very minimal effort.In the modern world,it is unavoidable that digital content plays an important role in our lives. Therefore,the potential of serious mental health impacts from digital hoarding is a real possibility.If you think you’re holding onto too much digital content,you can try cleaning your digital footprint,reducing unnecessary digital content,coming up with simple methods to organize your files,pictures and videos.What’s more,reassess the importance of many social networks, including groups in many communication apps,and keep only those essential to you._______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _7.静安区The music in youAny party goer can tap her heel to an unfamiliar song without realizing it.Yet when asked on site,she might reply:“Music?I don’t know anything about that.”Maybe you’ve heard a variation on this theme:“I don’t have a musical bone in my body.”Most of us make music publicly just a few times a year,when it’s someone’s birthday and the cake comes out.Privately,it’s a different story.We belt out tunes in the shower and create rhythm tracks on our steering wheel.But when we think about musical expertise,we tend to imagineprofessionals who specialize in performance,people we’d pay to hear.As for the rest of us,our bumbling private efforts,rather than illustrating that we share an irresistible urge to make music, seem only to demonstrate that we don’t enjoy essential musical capacity.But the more psychologists investigate musicality,the more it seems that nearly all of us are musical experts,in quite a surprising sense.A lot of the most interesting and substantial elements of musicality are things that we all share.We aren’t talking about instinctive,inborn universals here.Our musical knowledge is the product of long experience;maybe not years spent over an instrument,but a lifetime spent absorbing music from the open window of every passing car.In fact,for all its remarkable power,music is in good company.Many of our feelings are governed by a similar rule.We don’t know how we come to like certain food more than others.We don’t know why we fall in love.Yet in the very act of making these choices we reveal the effects of a host of instinctive mental processes.The fact that we respond to music so naturally and normally actually speaks to its strength and universality._______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ___________________8.闵行区Is Leather Good or Not?For thousands of years,humans have used leather to make everything from clothing to furniture to footwear.The skin of animals is a material that is strong,hard-wearing and flexible. These qualities make leather a popular material for many different products,but more people are becoming concerned about the potential harm caused by items they buy.Should we respect ancient traditions or is having real leather not as important as it used to be?The treatment of animals raised for their skins is a massive issue.According to the Food and Agriculture Organisation(FAO),more than2.29billion cows,pigs and goats are killed each year for their hides.This does not include the animal skin of fancier leather products,such as sheep, crocodiles,kangaroos and lizards.There’s also an environmental problem.Producing leather is a very polluting process, because it requires treating the skins with chemicals.During the procedure,called tanning, chemicals change the fibres(纤维)inside the leather,making it tougher.A tanning facility uses more than60,000litres of water for every tonne of leather produced.It uses huge amounts of poisonous chemicals,including substances containing heavy metals such as chromium,whichwhen washed out ends up in nearby soil and drinking water that people use.However,the making of leather is not entirely negative.Selling animal skin is a key source of income for remote populations such as the Inuit people in Canada.Every day,cows,pigs and goats are killed for their meat to be sold in supermarkets.It’s respectful not to waste anything,and without leather their skins would have to be buried or burned.Although there are alternatives to leather,some of these fabrics are only85%to90% biodegradable(可生物降解的).Vegan leather can be made from plastics which take years to biodegrade,so it’s actually worse for the planet._______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________9.普陀区Graduates Turn to TeachingChina has witnessed a66-fold increase in the number of applicants for teaching qualification tests over the past decade,and experts say the popularity has mainly been driven by more graduates chasing stable jobs.According to the latest figures from the Ministry of Education,the number of applicants for teaching exams each year has grown from172,000to11.44million in the past decade.Experts said the sharp increase corresponds with the increase in teachers’salaries and status within society,and it is expected to bring about an overall improvement in quality teaching. However,another big reason for the enthusiasm for teaching posts is that the challenging and complicated employment situation is driving graduates toward stable jobs such as working as teachers and government officials.Chu Zhaohui,a senior researcher at the National Institute of Education Sciences,said the popularity of teaching posts is closely associated with people’s changing perception of the economic situation,job stability and security,which are major concerns for graduates.In view of the coronavirus epidemic in recent years,many college graduates just want a stable job,so teaching suddenly becomes a very popular profession,and many students from well-known universities have joined the competition.Of course,everyone has their own ideas. Take Wang Lin for example.Wang Lin,who graduated from a famous university,said she had wanted to be a history teacher since middle school,inspired by her own history teacher.She added she had a good impression of her teachers from an early age and was grateful to those who had taught her.In fact,there are many such cases.While passing the teaching qualification test is the first step to becoming a teacher in China,landing a post at schools in big cities can be very competitive._______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________10.青浦区Want to join the online fitness program?Online training is one of the fastest growing section of the fitness industry.A2015study found that more than half of all smartphone users had downloaded a fitness or health app.If you’re considering joining the online fitness community,consider these benefits and drawbacks.There are many reasons that online training may work for you.As long as you have access to pre-downloaded videos or a WiFi connection for streaming videos,you can work out wherever you are.Besides,compared with similar offline programs,most online fitness programs range in cost between$10and$20per month.This is due in part to the wider audience and the greater opportunity to sell programs to more people.All this growth is incredibly positive—it provides health and fitness resources to the general consumer wherever they happen to be,without requiring access to a gym or fitness studio.But it’s not without problems.The first thing to think about when considering an online fitness program is“know yourself.”If you struggle with self-motivation,you don’t like exercising at home,and you prefer a social workout environment,online fitness may not be for you.Not to mention the fact that very few online fitness programs enable the instructor to see you,check your form,and offer modifications or corrections based on your performance.This means you might perform exercises incorrectly,or even unsafely,without knowing it,which is particularly concerning for beginners and those recovering from injuries,as they’re more likely to perform exercises incorrectly.Therefore,like any training format,there are pros and cons to consider when deciding if it is right for you.Take time and make the most suitable decision to reap more benefits._______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________11.松江区Out of Sight,Out of MindTechnology has made paying all sorts of bills incredibly easy.The real-time budget apps, which capture our spending and pay our bills automatically,should theoretically give us more control over our money.But why,in real life,do they do the opposite?It helps to think about how we used to pay.My parents describe a process that would involve three separate points of contact whenever they paid for something with a credit card:first,at the cash register,then when a bill came in the mail and finally when they wrote a check to cover it. While each of the checkpoints is technically still there,automation has given us a chance to skip the second and the third.For bills paid automatically through a banking app,even the first checkpoint can be gone.We know that it is happening in the background,but it’s so far out of view that it might as well not be there.How do we get that connection back,without giving up the convenience that technology has brought us?The good news is that though technology has taken away something,it can also give.Much of the battle is simply recognizing what we’ve lost.If we want to be smart about our money and have thorough control over it,we need to bridge that gap between what we spend on and how much we pay.We can start using personal-finance apps to do more than make our lives easier. These apps can send us notifications when each automatic payment is being made and categorize purchases,sending us instant spending reports.Admittedly,those tools require the user to sign up for these services and make conscious efforts to take full advantage of them.In this way,they are arguably better practice than balancing a checkbook on a Saturday morning._______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________12.徐汇区Why Don’t We Use the Math We Learn in School?How much of the math you’ve learned in school is used in everyday life?For the majority of people,the answer is surprisingly little.Clearly,some people learn math very well and apply it in everyday problem-solving settings.The question is why most people don’t,in spite of spending many years practicing it.The first explanation blames the failure of education.One of the major barriers to using a skill in real life is automaticity.We tend to find the least-effort solution to our problem.If struggling through a math problem is hard for you,you’ll find a different way to solve it that doesn’t rely on math.The familiar model for teaching mathematics revolves around teacherstelling students certain rules,applying those rules to examples and students then practicing problems similar to the examples seen in class.By teaching in this way,a lot of the work and deep thought that went into the creation of these mathematical rules is lost.In that sense,people were never taught math thoroughly enough to use it automatically in real life.The second explanation is a little different.It argues that people may develop competence in math classes,but they struggle to translate real-life problems into a format where they can use their mathematics knowledge.This seems most apparent in the case of applying algebra(代数). Students struggle with algebra,but they particularly struggle with word problems.Yet,the equivalent real-life problems are typically much harder than word problems.From this perspective, what people struggle with is not doing math,but recognizing where and how to apply math to real problems.Educational researchers now emphasize the importance of transfer and deep understanding. They believe we need to give students more training in noticing and converting everyday situations into the math problems they know how to solve.By using real-life math applications, students can make connections between math and everyday life._______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________13.浦东新区The problem of electronic wasteWe have gradually come to realise that in two ways in particular,modern hi-tech can be bad for the planet.The first is its energy use;the worldwide scale of information technology is so enormous that electronics now produce fully two percent of global carbon emissions,which is about the same as the highly controversial emissions of aeroplanes.The other is the hardware, when it comes to the end of its natural life.This,increasingly,is pretty short.We have hardly noticed this important stream of waste,so much so that a Greenpeace report on the untraced and unreported e-waste two years ago referred to it as“the hidden flow”.We need to be aware of it.The latest United Nations Environment Programme(UNEP)report estimates that worldwide, electronic waste is mounting by about40million tons a year.So what can we do about it?The European Union has recognised the problem by adopting a key principle:producer responsibility.In other words,making it the duty of manufacturers of electronic goods to ensure their safe disposal at the end of their lives.In practice,an EU regulation now means that electronics dealers must either take back the equipment they sold you,or help to finance a network。

高三数学综合测试卷(六)(解析版)

高三数学综合测试卷（六）一、选择题：本题共12小题，每小题5分，共60分．在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的．1. 已知i 为虚数单位，则4334iz i +=−在复平面内对应的点为（）A. ()0,iB. (),0iC. ()0,1D. ()1,0【答案】C 【解析】【分析】利用复数除法运算计算求得z i ，由此得到对应点坐标.【详解】()()()()4334432534343425i i iiz i ii i +++====−−+，z ∴对应的点为()0,1.故选：C . 【点睛】本题考查复数对应点的坐标的求解，涉及到复数的除法运算，属于基础题.2. 已知集合{}{}220,,2,Ax xx x R B x x k k Z =+−≤∈==∈，则A B 等于A. {0,1}B. {2,0}−C. {1,0}−D. {}4,2−−【答案】B 【解析】【分析】：先解A 、B 集合，再取并集．【详解】：先解{}{}220,21,2,2,0,2Ax xx x R x B x x k k Z x =+−≤∈⇔−≤≤==∈⇔=−，故选B3. 已知函数()37sin f x x x x =−−+，若()()220f a f a +−>，则实数a 的取值范围是A. (),1−∞B. (),3−∞C. ()1,2−D. ()2,1−【答案】D 【解析】【分析】先研究函数()f x 奇偶性与单调性，再根据奇偶性与单调性化简不等式()()220f a f a +−>，解得实数a 的取值范围.【详解】因为()()37sin ,f x x x x f x −=+−=−2()37cos 0f x x x =−−+<′ ,所以()f x 为奇函数，且在R 上单调递减，因为()()220f af a +−>，所以()()()2222,2,21f a f a f a a a a >−−=−<−−<<，选D.【点睛】解函数不等式：首先根据函数的性质把不等式转化为(())(())f g x f h x >的形式，然后根据函数的单调性去掉“f ”，转化为具体的不等式(组)，此时要注意()g x 与()h x 的取值应在外层函数的定义域内.4. 直线1y kx =+与曲线()1f x a nx b =+相切于点(1,2)P ,则a b +=A. 1B. 4C. 3D. 2【答案】C 【解析】【详解】分析：求出函数()f x 的导函数，得到1f ′（）的值，由直线1y kx =+与曲线()1f x a nx b =+相切于点()1,2P 列关于a b k ，，的方程组，求出a b ，的值后得答案．详解：由()1f x a nx b =+，得()af x x′=1f a ∴′=（）．再由直线1y kx =+与曲线()1f x a nx b =+相切于点()1,2P ,，得11,1,22k a k k b a b b+∴＝＝＝＝＝＝ 3a b ∴+=．故选C.点睛：本题考查了利用导数研究曲线在某点处的切线方程，曲线在某点处的导数，就是在该点处的切线的斜率，是中档题．5. 太极图是以黑白两个鱼形纹组成的圆形图案，展现了一种相互转化，相对统一的形式美．按照太极图的构图方法，在如图所示的平面直角坐标系中，圆O 被函数2sin4y x π=的图象分割为两个对称的鱼形图案，其中小圆的半径均为1，现在大圆内随机取一点，则此点取自阴影部分的概率为（） A.18B.19C.116D.118【答案】A 【解析】【分析】根据正弦型函数最小正周期可得圆O 半径，利用几何概型面积型公式计算可得结果. 【详解】2sin4y x π=的最小正周期为284T ππ==，∴圆O 半径为42T=； ∴在大圆内随机取一点，则此点取自阴影部分的概率2221148p ππ×==×.故选：A . 【点睛】本题考查几何概型面积型的概率问题的求解，关键是能够利用正弦型函数的最小正周期求得大圆半径. 6. 函数2sin ()ln2sin −=+xf x x x的部分图象可能是（）A.B.C.D.【答案】A 【解析】【分析】先由奇偶性的概念，判断()f x 是偶函数，排除C 、D ；再由0,2x π ∈，()f x的正负，排除B ，进而可得出结果.【详解】因为()()12sin 2sin 2sin ln ln ln 2sin 2sin 2sin x x x f x x x x f x x x x −+−−−=−=−==−++，所以()f x 是偶函数，图象关于y 轴对称，故排除C 、D ；当0,2x π∈时，[]sin 0,1∈x ，2sin 012sin −<<+x x ，2sin ln 02sin −<+x x ，即()0f x <，故排除B ，选A ．【点睛】本题主要考查函数图像的识别，熟记函数的奇偶性，三角函数的图象及其性质，对数函数的性质等，即可，属于常考题型.7. 2020年春节期间，因新冠肺炎疫情防控工作需要，M 、N 两社区需要招募义务宣传员，现有A 、B 、C 、D 、E 、F 六位大学生和甲、乙、丙三位党员教师志愿参加，现将他们分成两个小组分别派往M 、N 两社区开展疫情防控宣传工作，要求每个社区都至少安排1位党员教师及3位大学生，且B 由于工作原因只能派往M 社区，则不同的选派方案种数为（）A. 60B. 90C. 120D. 150【答案】A 【解析】【分析】将问题分为N 社区选派4人和5人两种情况，分别计算出两种情况下的选派方案种数，根据分类加法计数原理可求得结果.【详解】将选派方案分为N 社区选派4人和5人两种情况，当N 社区选派4人时，必由1名党员教师，3位大学生构成，共有：133530C C =种选派方案；当N 社区选派5人时，必由2名党员教师，3位大学生构成，共有：233530C C =种选派方案；由分类加法计数原理可知：不同的选派方案种数有303060+=种.故选：A . 【点睛】本题考查分类加法计数原理的应用，关键是能够将所给问题进行准确分类；本题易错点是忽略每个社区大学生人数的最低要求，造成求解错误.8. 已知{}n a 的前n 项和241n S n n =−+，则1210a a a +++= A. 68B. 67C. 61D. 60【答案】B 【解析】【分析】首先运用11,1,2n n n S n a S S n −= = −≥ 求出通项n a ，判断n a 的正负情况，再运用1022S S −即可得到答案．【详解】当1n =时，112S a ==−；当2n ≥时，()()()22141141125n n n a S S nn n n n − =−=−+−−−−+=−，故2,125,2n n a n n −==−≥；所以，当2n ≤时，0n a <，当2n >时，0n a >.因此，()()()12101234101022612367a a a a a a a a S S +++=−+++++=−=−×−= .故选：B ．【点睛】本题考查了由数列的前n 项和公式求数列的通项公式，属于中档题，解题时特别注意两点，第一，要分类讨论，分1n =和2n ≥两种情形，第二要掌握()12n n n a S S n −=−≥这一数列中的重要关系，否则无法解决此类问题，最后还要注意对结果的处理，分段形式还是一个结果的形式.9. 已知抛物线C ：216y x =的焦点为F ，其准线l 与x 轴交于点A ，若抛物线C 上存在一点B 使AB =，则AB =（）A.B. 8C. D. 4【答案】A 【解析】【分析】过B 作准线l 的垂线，垂足为C ，结合抛物线定义、长度和平行关系可得4BAF ABC π∠=∠=，在ABF △中，利用余弦定理可构造方程求得结果.【详解】过B 作准线l 的垂线，垂足为C ，则由抛物线定义可知：BF BC =AB = AB ∴=BC l ⊥，4ABC π∴∠=，//BC x 轴，4BAF ABC π∴∠=∠=，在ABF △中，由余弦定理得：2222cos BFAF AB AF AB BAF =+−⋅∠，由抛物线方程知：8AF =，2264216BFBF BF ∴=+−，解得：8BF =，AB ∴=故选：A .【点睛】本题考查抛物线中的线段长度的求解问题，涉及到抛物线定义和余弦定理的应用；解题关键是能够根据抛物线定义和长度关系确定角的大小.10. 已知()1f x x =+，()ln g x x =，若12()()f x g x =，则21x x −的最小值为 A. 1B. 2C. 2ln 2−D. 2ln 2+【答案】B 【解析】【分析】设()()12f x g x t ==，所以11x t =−，2t x e =，所以211t x x e t −−+，构建新函数，研究单调性与最值即可.【详解】设()()12f x g x t ==，所以11x t =−，2t x e =，所以211t x x e t −−+，令()1th t e t −+，则()'1t h t e =−，所以()h t 在(),0−∞上单调递减，在()0,+∞上单调递增，所以()()min 02h t h ==.故选B【点睛】本题考查了函数的单调性、最值问题，考查导数的应用以及转化思想，是一道中档题．11. 已知MN 是正方体内切球的一条直径，点Р在正方体表面上运动，正方体的棱长是2，则PM PN ⋅的取值范围为（） A. []0,4B. []0,2C. []1,4D. []1,2【答案】B 【解析】【分析】利用向量的线性运算和数量积运算律可得21PM PN PO ⋅=− ，根据正方体的特点确定PO最大值和最小值，即可求解【详解】设正方体内切球的球心为O ，则1OMON ==, ()()()2PM PN PO OM PO ON PO PO OM ON OM ON ⋅=+⋅+=+⋅++⋅,因为MN 是正方体内切球的一条直径，所以0OM ON +=，1OM ON ⋅=−，所以21PM PN PO ⋅=− ，又点Р在正方体表面上运动，所以当P 为正方体顶点时，PO 最大，当P 为内切球与正方体的切点时，PO最小，且最小为1；所以2012PO ≤−≤ ，所以PM PN ⋅的取值范围为[]0,2，故选：B11*. 在正三棱锥−P ABC 中，M 、N 分别是PC 、BC 中点，AM MN ⊥，PA =，则三棱锥−P ABC 的外接球的表面积为（）A. 12πB.C. 36πD.【答案】C 【解析】【分析】由线面垂直的判定方法可证得PB ⊥平面PAC ，由线面垂直性质和正三棱锥的特点可知,,PA PB PC 两两互相垂直，由此可将三棱锥补为正方体，求解正方体的外接球表面积即为所求结果.【详解】取AC 中点D ，连接,PD BD ，,M N 分别为,PC BC 中点，//MN PB ∴，又MN AM ⊥，PB AM ∴⊥，三棱锥−P ABC 为正三棱锥，PA PC ∴=，BA BC =，又D 为AC 中点，PD AC ∴⊥，BD AC ⊥，又,PD BD ⊂平面PBD ，AC ∴⊥平面PBD ，PB ⊂ 平面PBD ，AC PB ∴⊥，,AC AM ⊂ 平面PAC ，AC AM A ∩=，PB ∴⊥平面PAC ，,PA PC ⊂ 平面PAC ，PB PA ∴⊥，PB PC ⊥，则由正三棱锥特点得PC PA ⊥，∴可将三棱锥−P ABC 补成以,,PA PB PC 为棱的正方体，则正方体的外接球即为三棱锥−P ABC 的外接球，∴外接球半径1632R =×=，∴外接球的表面积2436S R ππ=.故选：C .【点睛】本题考查三棱锥外接球表面积的求解问题，关键是能够根据垂直关系得到三棱锥顶点处的两两垂直关系，进而通过补为正方体的方式来进行求解.12. 已知定义在R 上的函数()f x ，其导函数为()f x ′，若()()2sin f x f x x =−−，且当0x ≥时，()cos 0f x x ′+<，则不等式()sin cos 2f x f x x x π+>+−的解集为（）A. ,2π−∞B. ,2π +∞C. ,4π−∞−D. ,4π−+∞【答案】C 【解析】【分析】令()()sin g x f x x =+，可根据已知等式验证出()g x 为偶函数，同时根据导数得到()g x 的单调性；将所求不等式转化为()2g x g x π+>，根据单调性可得到2x x π+<，解不等式求得结果.【详解】令()()sin g x f x x =+，则()()sin g x f x x −=−−，()()2sin f x f x x =−− ，()()sin sin f x x f x x ∴+=−−，()()g x g x ∴−=，()g x ∴为定义在R 上的偶函数；当0x ≥时，()()cos 0g x f x x ′′=+<，()g x ∴在[)0,∞+上单调递减，又()g x 为偶函数，()g x ∴在(],0−∞上单调递增.由()sin cos 2f x f x x x π+>+−得： ()cos sin sin 222f x x f x x f x x πππ +++++>+，即()2g x g x π+> ，2x x π∴+<，解得：4x π<−，即不等式的解集为,4π−∞−.故选：C . 【点睛】本题考查利用函数的奇偶性和单调性求解函数不等式的问题，涉及到构造函数、利用导数确定函数的单调性等知识；解题关键是能够通过构造函数的方式将不等式转化为函数值的比较，再根据单调性转化为自变量之间的大小关系.二、填空题：本大题共4小题，每小题5分，共20分．13. 已知()0,0O ，()1,2A ，()3,1B −，若向量m OA ∥，且m 与OB 的夹角为钝角，写出一个满足条件的m 的坐标为______．【答案】()1,2−−【分析】根据向量的共线和向量乘法的坐标计算公式即可求解. 【详解】根据题意可得：()1,2OA =，()3,1OB=− ，设(),m x y =，因为向量m OA∥，且m 与OB的夹角为钝角，所以123(1)03(1)y xx y y x ⋅=⋅⋅+−⋅< ⋅≠−⋅所以0x <，不妨令1,x =−所以2,y =−()1,2m =−− ，故答案为：()1,2−−.14. 在812x x−的展开式中,下列说法正确的是（选出所有正确选项）①．常数项是1120②．第四项和第六项的系数相等 ③．各项的二项式系数之和为256④．各项的系数之和为25615. 已知函数()()()sin 0f x x ωϕω=+>满足14f π =，02f =π，且()f x 在区间,43ππ上单调，则ω取值的个数有______个．【答案】3【解析】【分析】根据最大值点和零点可确定()21T k Z k π=∈+，由此得到42k ω=+；根据单调性可知6T π>，解出012ω<<，由此得到ω所有可能的取值.【详解】()max 1f x = ，()2442T kT k Z ππ∴−=+∈，解得：()21T k Z k π=∈+，即()221k Z k ππω=∈+，()42k k Z ω∴=+∈；()f x 在,43ππ上单调，342T ππ∴−<，即6T π>，26ππω∴>，解得：012ω<<，2ω∴=，6或10，ω∴取值的个数有3个.故答案为：3. 【点睛】本题考查根据正弦型函数的单调性、周期性求解参数值的问题；关键是能够通过最值点和零点确定周期、根据单调性确定周期所处的范围.16．设函数()f x 是定义在整数集Z 上的函数，且满足()01f =，()10f =，对任意的x ，y ∈Z 都有()()()()2f x y f x y f x f y ++−=，则()3f =______；()()()()22222122023122023f f f f 2++⋅⋅⋅+=++⋅⋅⋅+______．三、解答题：共70分．解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤．第17~21题为必考题，每个试题考生都必须作答．第22、23题为选考题，考生根据要求作答．（一）必考题：60分17. 在ABC 中，D 是BC 中点，5AC =，2AD =，229cos 4cos 50ABD ADB ∠−∠−=．（Ⅰ）求sin sin ABDADB∠∠及AB ；（Ⅱ）求角C 的余弦值．【答案】（Ⅰ）sin 2sin 3ABD ADB ∠=∠，3AB =；（Ⅱ．【解析】【分析】（Ⅰ）利用同角三角函数平方关系可化简已知等式得到sin 2sin 3ABD ADB ∠=∠，利用正弦定理角化边可得32AD AB =，从而求得AB ；（Ⅱ）设2BC x =，在ABD △和ACD 中利用余弦定理可构造方程求得x ，在ACD 中利用余弦定理可求得结果.【详解】（Ⅰ）由题意得：()()2291sin 41sin 50ABD ADB −∠−−∠−=，229sin 4sin ABD ADB ∴∠=∠， ()0,ABD π∠∈ ，()0,ADB π∠∈，sin 0ABD ∴∠>，sin 0ADB ∠> 3sin 2sin ABD ADB ∴∠=∠，即sin 2sin 3ABD ADB ∠=∠，由正弦定理得：32AD AB =，即322AB ×=，3AB ∴=；（Ⅱ）设2BC x =，则BD DC x ==，在ABD △中，2223222cos x x ADB +−⋅⋅⋅∠…①，在ACD 中，2225222cos x x ADC +−⋅⋅⋅∠2422cos x x ADB =++⋅⋅⋅∠…②，①+②得：()225924x +=+，解得：x =CD =，在ACD 中，cos C=．【点睛】本题考查解三角形的相关问题的求解，涉及到余弦定理解三角形、正弦定理角化边的应用等知识，属于常考题型.18. 如图，在斜三棱柱111ABC A B C 中，AB ⊥侧面11BB C C ，2BC =，14BB =，AB =160BCC ∠=°．（Ⅰ）求证：平面11A C B ⊥平面ABC ；（Ⅱ）若E 为1CC 中点，求二面角11A EB C −−的正切值．【答案】（Ⅰ）详见解析；（Ⅱ）．【解析】【分析】（Ⅰ）根据勾股定理、线面垂直性质和线面垂直的判定定理可证得1C B ⊥平面ABC ，由面面垂直的判定定理可证得结论；（Ⅱ）以B 为坐标原点建立空间直角坐标系，根据二面角的向量求法可求得结果.【详解】（Ⅰ）证明：2BC = ，14CC =，160BCC ∠=，由余弦定理可得：1BC =， 22211BC BC CC ∴+=，190CBC ∴∠= ，即1C B CB ⊥，又AB ⊥面11BB C C ，1C B ⊂平面11BB C C ，1C B AB ∴⊥，又AB CB B = ，,AB BC ⊂平面ABC ，1C B ∴⊥平面ABC ，1C B ⊂ 平面11A C B ，∴平面11A C B ⊥平面ABC ；（Ⅱ）由（Ⅰ）知，直线BC 、1BC 、BA 两两垂直，则以B 为坐标原点可建立如下图所示的空间直角坐标系：则()0,0,0B ，()2,0,0C，()10,C，()12,B −，()E，(00A ,，(AE →∴=，(12,AB →=−，设平面1AEB 的一个法向量为(),,n x y z →=，则1020n AE x n AB x ⋅=+−= ⋅=−+−= ，令x =则3y =，4z =，)4n →∴，AB ⊥ 侧面11BB C C ，∴平面11EB C 的一个法向量为()0,0,1m →=，cos ,n m n m n m →→→→→→⋅∴<>==⋅tan ,n m →→∴<>= 二面角11A EB C −−为钝二面角，∴二面角11A EB C −−的正切值为. 【点睛】本题考查立体几何中面面垂直关系的证明、空间向量法求解二面角的问题，涉及到勾股定理、线面垂直的判定与性质定理、面面垂直的判定定理等知识的应用；易错点是忽略二面角为钝二面角，造成所求三角函数值的符号出现错误.19. 某市教学研究室为了对今后所出试题的难度有更好的把握，提高命题质量，对该市高三理科数学试卷的得分情况进行了调研．从全市参加考试的理科考生中随机抽取了100名考生的数学成绩（满分150分），将数据分成9组：[)60,70，[)70,80，[)80,90，[)90,100，[)100,110，[)110,120，[)120130,，[)130140,，[]140,150，并整理得到如图所示的频率分布直方图．用统计的方法得到样本标准差20σ=，以频率值作为概率估计值．（Ⅰ）根据频率分布直方图，求抽取的100名理科考生数学成绩的平均分x 及众数y ；（Ⅱ）用频率估计概率，从该市所有高三理科考生的数学成绩中随机抽取3个，记理科数学成绩位于区间[)100,120内的个数为Y ，求Y 的分布列及数学期望()E Y ；（Ⅲ）从该市高三理科数学考试成绩中任意抽取一份，记其成绩为X ，依据以下不等式评判（P 表示对应事件的概率）：①()0.6827P X µσµσ−<<+≥，②()220.9545P X µσµσ−<<+≥， ③()330.9973P X µσµσ−<<+≥，其中x µ=．评判规则：若至少满足以上两个不等式，则给予这套试卷好评，否则差评．试问：这套试卷得到好评还是差评？【答案】（Ⅰ）平均分105x =，众数105y =；（Ⅱ）分布列详见解析，6()5E Y =；（Ⅲ）得到好评．【解析】【分析】（Ⅰ）利用频率分布直方图估计平均数和众数的方法可直接求得结果；（Ⅱ）根据频率分布直方图计算可知理科数学成绩位于[)100,120内的概率为25，则23,5Y B，由此计算出Y 的每个取值对应的概率，由此得到分布列；由二项分布数学期望计算公式计算可得()E Y ；（Ⅲ）计算每个区间取值所对应的概率与3σ原则所对应的概率之间的大小关系，从而得到结论. 【详解】（Ⅰ）650.06750.06850.1950.141050.221150.181250.16x ×+×+×+××+×=+×+1350.061450.02105+×+×=；众数：1001101052y+=；（Ⅱ）用频率估计概率，可得从该市所有高三考生的理科数学成绩中随机抽取1个，理科数学成绩位于[)100,120内的概率为20.220.180.405+==，则随机变量Y 服从二项分布23,5Y B，故3323()(0,1,2,3)55kkk P Y k C k −==××=．由题意知：Y 所有可能的取值为0,1,2,3，()332705125P Y ∴=== ；()2132354155125P Y C ==×=；()2232336255125P Y C ==×= ；()32835125P Y ===；Y ∴的分布列为：数学期望()26355E Y =×=；（Ⅲ）记该市高三考生的理科数学成绩为X ，由（Ⅰ）可知，105x µ==，又20σ=，则1052085µσ−=−=，10520125µσ+=+=，210522065µσ−=−×=， 2105220145µσ+=+×=，310532045µσ−=−×=，3105320165µσ+=+×=，()()0.0585120.140.220.180.085P X P X µσµσ∴−=++++<<+=<<=0.670.6827<， ()()226514510.030.010.960.9545P X P X µσµσ−<<+=<<=−−=>， ()()334516510.9973P X P X µσµσ−<<+=<<=>，符合②③，不符合①，∴这套试卷得到好评．【点睛】本题考查利用频率分布直方图估计总体数据特征、二项分布的分布列与数学期望的求解、正态分布的实际应用等知识；求解分布列和数学期望的关键是能够明确随机变量所服从的分布类型，进而计算出每个取值对应的概率.20. 如图，已知12MF F △的两顶点坐标()11,0F −，()21,0F ，圆E 是12MF F △的内切圆，在边1MF ，2MF ，12F F 上的切点分别为P ，Q ，R ，1MP =．（Ⅰ）求证：12MF MF +为定值，并求出动点M 的轨迹C 的方程；（Ⅱ）过1F 的斜率不为零直线交曲线C 于A 、B 两点，求证：11F A F BBA ⋅为定值．【答案】（Ⅰ）证明详见解析，曲线C 的方程为221(0)43x y y +=≠；（Ⅱ）详见解析．【解析】【分析】（Ⅰ）利用切线长相等可求得124MF MF +=；根据椭圆定义可知动点M 的轨迹C 是以1F ，2F 为焦点，长轴长为4的椭圆（不含椭圆与x 轴的交点），进而求得结果；（Ⅱ）设AB 的方程为1x my =−，与椭圆方程联立得到韦达定理的形式，利用弦长公式求得AB ，根据平面向量数量积运算求得11F A F B →→⋅，进而求得1134F A F B AB ⋅=. 【详解】（Ⅰ）由题意得：MP MQ =，11F P F R =，22F Q F R =12121224MF MF MP PF M MP Q F F Q F =+∴=+++=+，2121MF MF F F +> ， ∴动点M 的轨迹C 是以1F ，2F 为焦点，长轴长为4的椭圆（不含椭圆与x 轴的交点），设曲线C 方程为：()222210,0x y a b y a b+=>>≠，则24a =，解得：2a =，又1c =，b ∴=，∴曲线C 的方程为()221043x y y +=≠；（Ⅱ）证明：由（Ⅰ）得：()11,0F −，设()11,A x y ，()22,B x y ，直线AB 的斜率不为零，∴可设AB 的方程为1x my =−，联立221143x my x y =− +=消去x 并整理得：()2234690m y my +−−=，则()()22236363414410m m m ∆=++=+>，221634y y m m ∴++=，122934y y m =−+，2AB y =−=∴()2212134m m +=+， ()()121212112111F A F B x x y y my my y y →→+++⋅+⋅()()2212291134m m y y m +=+=−+， 1193124A F A FB B →→−⋅∴==−，1134F A F B AB ⋅∴=，综上可得：11F A F B B A ⋅为定值34．【点睛】本题考查动点轨迹方程的求解、椭圆中的定值问题的求解；求解动点轨迹方程的关键是能够确定动点满足椭圆的定义，进而得到轨迹方程；求解定值问题的常用方法是将直线与椭圆方程联立，得到韦达定理的形式，将韦达定理代入所求式中，化简得到定值.21. 已知函数()()22ln 2f x ax a x x −+++，()()1ln g x a x =−．（Ⅰ）若0a >，讨论函数()f x 的单调性；（Ⅱ）若对任意的[)1,x ∞∈+，都有()()f x g x ≥，求实数a 的取值范围．【答案】（Ⅰ）分类讨论，详见解析；（Ⅱ）2,3 +∞．【解析】【分析】（Ⅰ）求导后，分别在02a <<、2a =和2a >三种情况下求得()f x ′的正负，由此可确定()f x 单调性；（Ⅱ）令()()()hx f x g x =−，分别在23a ≥、023a <<和0a ≤三种情况下，利用导数确定()h x 单调性和最值，进而确定符合题意的取值范围.【详解】（Ⅰ）由题意得：()f x 定义域为()0,∞+，则()()()()()2111220x ax ax a x xxf x −−=−++=>′，①当02a <<时，由()0f x '>可得：102x <<或1x a >；由()0f x ′<可得：112x a <<；()f x ∴的单调增区间为10,2 ，1,a +∞，单调递减区间为11,2a； ②当2a =时，则()()2210x f x x−′=≥，此时()f x 的单调递增区间为()0,∞+；③当2a >时，由()0f x '>可得：10x a<<或12x >；由()0f x ′<可得：112x a <<；()f x ∴的单调增区间为10,a，1,2 +∞，单调递减区间为11,2a；综上所述：当02a <<时，()f x 在10,2 ，1,a+∞上单调递增，在11,2a上单调递减；当2a =时，()f x 在()0,∞+上单调递增；当2a >时，()f x 在10,a，1,2 +∞上单调递增，在11,2a上单调递减．（Ⅱ）令()()()hx f x g x =−，则()()()222ln 2h x ax a x a x −++−+，()()222ah x ax a x−′∴=−++()()()2222122ax a x ax ax a xx−++−−+−=，①当23a ≥时，令()0h x ′=，解得：11x =，222a x a −=，2231022a aa a−−−=≤，21x x ∴≤， ∴当1x ≥时，()0h x ′≥，()h x ∴在[)1,+∞上单调递增，()()10h x h ∴≥=，满足题意；②当023a <<时，由①知：21x x >， ∴当21,2a x a − ∈ 时，()0h x ′<，()h x ∴在21,2a a − 上单调递减，则当21,2a x a −∈时，()()10h x h <=，不合题意； ③当0a ≤时，220ax x +−<，则()0h x ′<，()h x ∴在[)1,+∞上单调递减，∴当()1,x ∈+∞时，()()10h x h <=，不合题意；综上所述：实数a 的取值范围为2,3 +∞.【点睛】本题考查导数在研究函数中的应用，涉及到利用导数讨论含参数函数的单调性、恒成立问题的求解；求解恒成立问题的关键是能够通过讨论导函数零点的位置确定函数在所给区间内的单调性，进而得到函数最值. （二）选考题：共10分，请考生在第22、23题中任选一题作答．如果多做，则按所做的第一题计分．22. 在直角坐标系xOy 中，曲线1C的参数方程为3cos 13sin x y αα=+=+ （α为参数），以坐标原点为极点，以x 轴的正半轴为极轴建立极坐标系，曲线2C 的极坐标方程为cos 16πρθ−=．（Ⅰ）写出1C 的普通方程和2C 的直角坐标方程；（Ⅱ）设曲线1C 与曲线2C 交于M 、N 两点，点P 为曲线1C 上动点，当点P 到曲线2C 的距离最大时，求PMN 的面积．【答案】（Ⅰ）1C的普通方程为(()2219x y +−=，2C20y +−=；（Ⅱ）【解析】【分析】（Ⅰ）根据参数方程化普通方程、极坐标化直角坐标的方法可直接化简得到结果；（Ⅱ）由垂径定理可求得MN ，根据圆上点到直线距离的最大值可求得三角形高为3d +，由此求得三角形面积.【详解】（Ⅰ）由3cos 13sin x y αα==+ 消除参数α得1C的普通方程为：(()2219x y −+−=；由cos 16πρθ−=1cos sin 12ρθρθ+=，2C ∴20y +−=；（Ⅱ）由（Ⅰ）知：圆心)1C ，则1C 到直线2C 的距离1d，MN ∴=；点P 到直线的最大距离为34d+=，142PMN S ∴=×=△ 【点睛】本题考查极坐标与参数方程相关知识，涉及到极坐标化直角坐标、参数方程化普通方程、圆上点到直线距离的最值的求解、直线被圆截得弦长的求解等知识，属于常考题型. 23. 已知函数()()230f x x x a a =−++>．（Ⅰ）若1a =，求不等式()3f x ≥的解集；（Ⅱ）若()232f x a a ≥−+恒成立，求实数a 的取值范围．【答案】（Ⅰ）(]5,1,3 −∞+∞；（Ⅱ）(]0,2．【解析】【分析】（Ⅰ）分别在32x ≥、312−≤<x 和1x <−三种情况下分类讨论得到不等式，解不等式求得结果；（Ⅱ）将问题转化为()2min 32f x a a ≥−+，利用绝对值三角不等式可求得()min 32f x a =+，由此构造不等式求得结果.【详解】（Ⅰ）由题意得：()332,232314,1232,1x x f x x x x x x x−≥=−++=−+−≤<−+<−， ①当32x ≥时，由323x −≥得：53x ≥，53x ∴≥； ②当312−≤<x 时，由43x −+≥得：1x ≤，11x ∴−≤≤；③当1x <−时，由323x −+≥得：13x ≤−，1x ∴<−；综上所述：不等式()1f x ≥的解集为(]5,1,3 −∞+∞；（Ⅱ）()232f x a a ≥−+恒成立等价于()2min 32f x a a ≥−+， ()332322f x x x a x x x a =−++=−+−++ ()333222x x a x a x a≥−++≥+−−=+，等号成立条件是32x =， ()min 32f x a ∴=+，23322a a a ∴+≥−+，解得：02a ≤≤，又0a >，02a ∴<≤，∴实数a 的取值范围为(]0,2．【点睛】本题考查分类讨论求解含绝对值不等式、绝对值不等式中的恒成立问题的求解，求解恒成立问题的关键是将问题转化为变量与函数最值之间的大小关系的问题，属于常考题。

河南省天一大联考2019届高三阶段性测试(六) 理科综合 word版含解析

天一大联考2018-2019学年高中毕业班阶段性测试(六)理科综合注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔在答题卡上填写自己的准考证号、姓名、试室号和座位号。

用2B型铅笔把答题卡上试室号、座位号对应的信息点涂黑。

2．选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B型铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。

3．非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内的相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。

不按以上要求作答的答案无效。

4．考生必须保持答题卡整洁。

考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。

可用到的相对原子量:H 1 C 12 N 14 O 16 N a23 C1 35.5 Cu 64 I 127ー、选择题;本题共13小题，每小题6分。

在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目求的。

1.生物膜上的蛋白质称为膜蛋白。

下列有关膜蛋白的功能的叙述，错误的是A.性腺胞内质网膜上的某些膜蛋能催化磷脂的合成B.甲状腺细胞膜上的某些膜蛋白能与促甲状腺激素結合C吞噬细跑上的某些膜蛋白能特异性地识别抗原D.肝细胞上的某些膜蛋白能作为转运葡萄糖的载体2.某校生物兴小组将萝ト条随机均分为两組，分別浸于甲、乙溶液中，一段时间后测量原生质体(去除细胞壁的植物细胞)表面积的相对位值，结果如下图所示。

下列有关叙述正确的是A.据图分析可知，甲、乙溶液都能使萝ト条细胞发生质壁分离B. b时刻之后，甲、乙曲线差异显著的原因是二者溶液浓度不同C. c时刻甲、乙溶液中的细胞均发生了质壁分离后的自动复原D. d时刻甲溶液中的细胞已经死亡，细胞体积不再变化3. 嵌合抗原受体T细胞免疫疗法(CAR-T细胞疗法)被认为是极具的前途的抗癌免疫疗祛，该T胞表面的嵌合抗原受体(简称CAR)能直接识別肿瘤細胞的特异性抗原。

如图为一个典型的CAR-T细胞疗法的操作流程，下列叙述正确的是A.特异性免疫过程中，T细胞只参与细胞免疫B.CAR-T细胞可以通过CAR识别相关癌变细胞C.CAR-T细胞疗法的基本原理是利用药物清除癌细胞D.免疫系统清除体内癌变细胞的过程属于细胞坏死4.植物的花粉数量众多，但某种类型的花粉的成活率可能会显著降低。

2019年高考高三最新信息卷理综(六)附答案解析

绝密★ 启用前2019年高考高三最新信息卷理科综合能力测试（六）注意事项：1、本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。

答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在答题卡上。

2、回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题的答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。

写在试卷上无效。

3、回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案填写在答题卡上，写在试卷上无效。

4、考试结束，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第Ⅰ卷（选择题，共126分）一、选择题：本大题共13小题，每小题6分。

在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。

1．下列有关生物体内的物质运输的叙述，正确的是A．细胞内囊泡的运输过程中存在囊泡膜与靶膜的识别，这可能与囊泡膜上的糖蛋白有关B．氨基酸的跨膜运输和被转运到核糖体上都离不开载体蛋白C．高等动物体内的激素通过体液定向运输到靶细胞D．人体内的细胞都是通过协助扩散的方式吸收葡萄糖的2．科学家在线虫细胞中发现一种微小RNA(let-7RNA)。

该RNA在线虫幼虫期的后期出现，抑制Lin-41蛋白的合成，促使线虫由幼虫期进入成虫期。

若控制let-7RNA的基因发生突变，将导致线虫一直停留在幼虫期。

下列叙述错误的是A．控制let7-RNA的基因转录时，RNA聚合酶与该基因的起始密码子结合B．let7-RNA可能是阻止Lin-41蛋白的翻译过程，从而抑制该蛋白质的合成C．let7-RNA在幼虫期的后期出现，是基因选择性表达的结果D．线虫不能由幼虫期进入成虫期，是由于遗传信息发生改变导致的3．脱落酸(ABA)是植物体内的重要激素，其具有多种功能。

ABA通过降低细胞膜的通透性减少叶片相对电解质渗透率以增强植物抗寒性的功能已经研究证实。

某研究小组为验证ABA增强植物的抗寒性，取若干生长状况良好的水稻幼苗作为材料进行了两次实验处理，首先用不同浓度的ABA进行了第一次常温下48小时的预处理，进行完第二次处理后测定叶片相对电解质渗透率如下图所示。

2021年高三第六次理科综合能力测试化学部分试题含答案

2021年高三第六次理科综合能力测试化学部分试题含答案在下列各题的四个选项中，只有一个选项是符合题目要求的。

以下数据可供解题时参考：相对原子质量： H 1，C 12，O 16，Na 23，Al 27，S 32，Cl 35.5，Fe 56，Zn 651. 下列说法中正确的是( )A. NA 个N2分子和NA个CO分子的质量之比为1∶1B. 水的摩尔质量等于NA个水分子的相对分子质量之和C. 分别由NA个水分子组成的水、冰、水蒸气的质量各不相同D. 1 mol N2的质量等于NA个氮原子的质量2. 在4 L密闭容器中充入6 mol A气体和5 mol B气体,在一定条件下发生反应:3A(g)+B(g)2C(g)+x D(g)。

达到平衡时,生成了2 mol C,经测定,D的浓度为0.5 mol·L-1。

下列判断正确的是( )A.x=1B. B的转化率为20%C. 平衡时A的浓度为1.50 mol·L-1D. 达到平衡时,在相同温度下容器内混合气体的压强是反应前的85%3. 下列离子方程式中,正确的是( )A. 氨气通入醋酸中:CH3COOH+NH3CH3COO-+NB. 向碳酸氢镁溶液中加过量石灰水:Mg2++2HC+Ca2++2OH-CaCO3↓+2H2O+MgCO3↓C. 澄清石灰水与稀盐酸反应:Ca(OH)2+2H+Ca2++2H2OD. 稀硫酸滴在铜片上:Cu+2H+Cu2++H2↑4.在一定条件下，反应ΔH＝－92.4 kJ/mol，X的平衡转化率(α)与体系总压强(P)的关系如图所示。

下列说法正确的是( )A. 图中A、B两点，达到相同的平衡体系B. 上述反应在达到平衡后，增大压强，H2的转化率提高C. 升高温度，平衡向逆反应方向移动，说明逆反应速率增大，正反应速率减小D. 将1.0 mol X、3.0 mol Y，置于1 L密闭容器中发生反应，放出的热量为92.4 kJ5. 已知含的物质(烯烃)在一定条件下能与水发生加成反应,生成醇(含羟基的烃的衍生物);有机物A~D间存在如下图所示的转化关系。

江苏省2021届高三英语综合模拟六卷(含解析)牛津译林版必修6

必修六综合模拟卷第一局部听力(共两节，总分值20分)第一节〔共5小题；每题1分，总分值5分〕听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最正确选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来答复有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1. What is the weather like?A. It is raining.B. It’s cloudy.C. It’s sunny.2. Who will go to China next month?A. Lucy.B. Alice.C. Richard.3. What are the speaker talking about?A. The man’s sister.B. A film.C. An actor.4. Where will the speakers meet?A. In Room 340.B. In Room 314.C. In Room 223.5. Where does the conversation most probably take place?A. In a restaurant.B. In an office.C. At home.第二节〔共15小题；每题1分，总分值15分〕听下面5段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最正确选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每题5秒钟；听完后，每题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，答复第6至8题。

6. Why did the woman go to New York?A. To spend some time with the baby.B. To look after her sisterC. To find a new job.7. How old was the baby when the woman left New York?A. Two months.B. Five months.C. Seven months.8. What did the woman like doing most with the baby?A. Holding him.B. Playing with him.C. Feeding him.听第7段材料，答复第9至11题。

高三数学综合测试6理A试题

卜人入州八九几市潮王学校2021届广宁一中高三理科数学综合6试题分第I 卷〔选择题〕和第II 卷〔非选择题〕两局部。

一共150分，考试时间是是120分钟。

本卷须知：1．第I 卷〔选择题〕每一小题在选出答案以后，用铅笔把答卷上对应题目之答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案，不能答在试题上； 2．第II 卷〔非选择题〕答案写在答卷上。

参考公式：24R S π=球,3114,,(),333V Sh V Sh V S S h V R π'===++=柱锥台球假设事件A 、B 互斥，那么P 〔A+B 〕=P 〔A 〕+P 〔B 〕. 假设事件A 、B 互相HY ，那么)()()(B P A P B A P =⋅.第I 卷〔选择题，一共40分〕一、选择题：本大题一一共有8小题，每一小题5分，一共40分。

在每一小题给出的四个选项里面，只有一项为哪一项哪一项符合题目要求的。

{24},{3782},P x x Q x x x =≤<=-≥-集合那么=⋂Q P ()〔A 〕{34xx ≤<}〔B 〕{34x x <<}〔C 〕{24x x ≤<}〔D 〕{2x x ≥}2．假设复数z ＝，那么复数z 的一共轭复数等于()A ．－－iB.－iC ．－＋iD.＋i3.直线12:(3)453,:2(5)8l m x ym l x m y ++=-++=平行，那么实数m 的值是()〔A 〕-7〔B 〕-1〔C 〕-1或者-7〔D 〕1334.在△ABC 中，∠A ，∠B ，∠C 所对的边分别为a ，b ，c ，假设∠A ∶∠B ＝1∶2，且a ∶b ＝1∶，那么cos2B 的值是() A ．B.C ．－D.－5.以下四个函数中，是奇函数且在区间(-1,0)上为减函数的是()A..B.C,. D.6.)〔1〕假设直线l 上有无数个点不在平面α内，那么l ∥α.〔2〕假设直线l 与平面α平行，那么l 与平面α内的任意一条直线都平行. 〔3〕假设两条平行直线中的一条与一个平面平行，那么另一条也与这个平面平行. 〔4〕假设直线l 与平面α平行，那么l 与平面α内的任意一条直线都没有公一共点.(A)0(B)1(C)2(D)37.假设数列{a n }的通项公式是a n ＝(－1)n(3n －2)，那么a 1＋a 2＋…＋a 101＝()A ．－121B ．120C ．－151D ．1518．定义方程()()f x f x '=的实数根x 0叫做函数()f x 的“新驻点〞，假设函数()g x x =，()ln(1)h x x =+，()cos x x ϕ=〔()x π∈π2，〕的“新驻点〞分别为α，β，γ，那么α，β，γ的大小关系是：〔〕A ．γβα<<B ．βγα<<C ．βαγ<<D ．γαβ<<第II 卷〔非选择题，一共110分〕〔一〕必做题〔9～13题〕(2,3),(,6)a b x →→==-一共线，那么x =.第一步，令1,0.i S ==第二步，假设100i ≤成立，那么执行第三步；否那么，输出S ，完毕算法.第三步，.S S i =+第四步，1ii =+，返回第二步.那么输出的结果是.11.设(x －1)21＝a 0＋a 1x ＋a 2x 2＋…＋a 21x 21，那么a 10＋a 11＝________.ms,垂直向上抛一物体，ts 时刻的速度〔v 的单位是ms〕为4010v t =-，那么该物体到达最大高度为.13.要将两种大小不同的钢板截成A 、B 、C 三种规格，每张钢板可同时截得三种规格的小钢板的块数如下表所示：今需要数各是.〔二〕选做题〔14、15题〕 14〔几何证明选讲选做题〕圆的直径13AB cm =，C 为圆上一点，CD AB ⊥，垂足为D ，且6CD cm =，那么AD =cm .15〔坐标系与参数方程选做题〕直线的极坐标方程为sin()4πρθ+=0,0〕到这条直线的间隔是.三、解答题：本大题一一共6小题，一共80分.解容许写出文字说明、证明过程或者演算步骤.16．〔本小题总分值是12分〕函数44sin cos cos y x x x x =+-，〔1〕求该函数的最小正周期和最小值；〔2〕假设[]0,x π∈，求该函数的单调递增区间。

高三理综下学期第六次检测试题(2021年整理)

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甘肃省天水市秦安县2017届高三理综下学期第六次检测试题本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分,其中第Ⅱ卷第33～37题为选考题，其他题为必考题。

考生作答时，将答案答在答题卡上,在本试卷上作答无效。

考试结束后，将答题卡交回。

可能用到的相对原子质量:H—1 C—12 N—14 O—16 Mg—24 Al—27 Cl—35.5 Fe—56 Cu-64 Ag-108第I卷(选择题共126分）物理：何博红樊建峰化学:侯纪兰王缠定生物：张罗国张永强一、选择题（本题包括13小题，每小题6分，共78分。

每小题只有一个选项符合题意)1.下列与细胞相关的叙述，错误．．的是（）A。

原核细胞没有核仁，不能合成rRNAB。

乳酸菌细胞能将乳糖分解成葡萄糖和半乳糖C.在“翻译”过程中,核糖体内会发生碱基对之间氢键的形成与断裂D.突触小泡中神经递质的释放不属于协助扩散，不需要载体蛋白参与2.科研人员通过实验发现某种白茶多糖能提高患肝癌小鼠吞噬细胞的吞噬能力，并增强胸腺的功能。

下列相关叙述正确的是( ）A。

机体内的吞噬细胞能吞噬抗原并释放淋巴因子B。

机体内的T细胞、B细胞迁移到胸腺中成熟C。

该种白茶多糖能提高患肝癌小鼠的免疫能力D.该种白茶多糖能诱导小鼠突变产生抑癌基因3。

某遗传病受一对等位基因（A、a）控制，下图为该遗传病的系谱图，下列对该病遗传方式的判断及个体基因型的推断，不合理．．．的是（）A。

2023届河南省天一大联考高三下学期阶段性测试(六)三模理综物理试题

2023届河南省天一大联考高三下学期阶段性测试（六）三模理综物理试题一、单项选择题：本题共8小题，每小题3分，共24分，在每小题给出的答案中，只有一个符合题目要求。

(共8题)第(1)题一个带正电的质量为m的小球A，被一根绝缘轻线悬起，另一个带正电的小球B从很远的地方在某外力的作用下缓慢移动，直到它到达第一个小球的初始位置。

此时，第一个小球相对于原来的位置升高了h，如图所示，整个过程足够缓慢，如果把两小球视为一个系统，则在此过程中（）A．绳长越长，则此过程中该外力做的功越多B．小球A电荷量越大，则此过程中该外力做的功越少C．小球B电荷量越大，则此过程中该外力做的功越少D．该外力做的功与绳长或电荷量无关第(2)题轿车的悬挂系统是由车身与轮胎间的弹簧及避震器组成的支持系统。

某型号轿车的“车身—悬挂系统”振动的固有周期是，这辆汽车匀速通过某路口的条状减速带，如图所示，已知相邻两条减速带间的距离为，该车经过该减速带过程中，下列说法正确的是（）A．当轿车以的速度通过减速带时，车身上下颠簸得最剧烈B．轿车通过减速带的速度越小，车身上下振动的幅度也越小C．轿车通过减速带的速度越大，车身上下颠簸得越剧烈D．该轿车以任意速度通过减速带时，车身上下振动的频率都等于，与车速无关第(3)题光滑水平地面上有两个物体A、B，质量分别为m、M。

如图甲所示，物体B静止，左端连有轻质弹簧，当物体A以速度v向右运动并压缩弹簧，弹簧获得的最大弹性势能为；若物体A静止并将轻质弹簧连在物体A的右端，如图乙所示，当物体B以相同的速度v向左运动并压缩弹簧，弹簧获得的最大弹性势能为。

两物体始终沿直线运动，下列判断正确的是（）A．B．C．D．无法判断的大小关系第(4)题小明制作了一个火箭模型，火箭模型质量为（含燃料），开始火箭模型静置在地面上，点火后在极短时间内以相对地面的速度竖直向下喷出质量为的燃气，喷气过程中忽略重力和空气阻力的影响，下列说法正确的是（）A．火箭喷气过程机械能守恒B．火箭的推力来源于空气对它的反作用力C．喷气结束时火箭模型的动量大小为D．喷气结束时火箭模型的速度大小为第(5)题如图所示，一个质量为的儿童玩具静止在水平地面上，在一个与水平面成角，大小为的恒力作用下沿水平面运动．经过时间，玩具运动的距离为，此时撤去拉力，玩具又运动了一段距离后停下。

2023届河南省天一大联考高三下学期阶段性测试(六)三模理综物理试题

2023届河南省天一大联考高三下学期阶段性测试（六）三模理综物理试题一、单选题 (共6题)第(1)题水上飞行器是水上飞行游乐产品，它利用脚下的喷水装置产生巨大的推力，将一个成年男子提升到离水面10m的位置，请估算该男子起飞的初速度（单位：m/s）大约为（）A．0.5B．5C．15D．50第(2)题乐广高速是连接湘粤的主要干道，在某路段上，分别有如右图所示的甲、乙两块告示牌，告示牌上各数字的意思是（）A．甲是指位移，乙是平均速度B．甲是指路程，乙是平均速度C．甲是指路程，乙是瞬时速度D．甲是指位移，乙是瞬时速度第(3)题2023年8月24日，日本不顾国际社会的强烈反对，启动了福岛第一核电站核污染水的排海。

已知核污染水中含有放射性很强的钋210，其半衰期为138天，发生衰变的核反应方程为，则下列说法正确的是（）A．衰变过程中释放的X粒子的穿透能力很强B．夏天海水温度升高，钋210的半衰期变短C．100个原子核经过138天，只剩50个原子核未衰变D．的比结合能比的比结合能大第(4)题某同学在水平匀速直线行驶的实验车上，利用实验装置竖直向上提起小球，从某时刻开始计时，坐在实验车上的人观测小球运动的情况，作出速度平方与提起高度的关系图像如图所示。

则地面上静止的观察者看到小球的运动轨迹可能是（　　）A．B．C．D．第(5)题如图所示，理想变压器的原，副线圈匝数分别为、和，一个副线圈与电阻、滑动变阻器R连接，另一个副线圈与电阻，电键K连接，图中电表均为理想电表。

现在原线圈两端接正弦交流电源，下列说法正确的是（）A．断开电键K，增大滑动变阻器阻值的过程中，电压表V示数增大，电流表A0示数增大B．断开电键K，减小滑动变阻器阻值的过程中，电压表V示数不变，电流表A1的示数减小C．保持滑动变阻器阻值不变，电键K闭合前后，电流表A0的示数增大D．闭合电键K，增大滑动变阻器阻值的过程中，电流表A0的示数增大，电流表A2的示数减小第(6)题如图，一个原子核X经图中所示的一系列、衰变后，生成稳定的原子核Y，在此过程中放射出电子的总个数为（）A．6B．8C．10D．14二、多选题 (共4题)第(1)题如图，△abc中bc=4cm，∠acb=30°。

2023届河南省天一大联考高三下学期阶段性测试(六)三模理综物理试题

2023届河南省天一大联考高三下学期阶段性测试（六）三模理综物理试题一、单选题 (共7题)第(1)题如图甲所示，一光滑轨道由AB、BC和CD段组成。

AB段倾角为，BC段水平。

质量为m的滑块在顶端A处由静止下滑，经C点飞入空中，最终落在CD段上的E点。

不计滑块经过B点的机械能损失和空气阻力，滑块加速度大小a随时间t变化的图像如图乙所示，图中物理量均为已知量，则可求得（）A．B．滑块在B点的速度大小为C．C、E两点的高度差D．滑块在E点时，重力瞬时功率为第(2)题如图是研究光电效应的实验装置，开始时滑动变阻器的滑片P与固定点O正对。

用频率为ν的光照射光电管的阴极K，观察到微安表指针偏转，不计光电子间的相互作用。

下列说法正确的是（）A．仅减小照射光频率，微安表指针一定不偏转B．仅减小照射光强度，微安表指针一定不偏转C．仅将滑片P向a端移动，微安表示数变大D．仅将滑片P向b端移动，光电子向A板运动的过程中动能变大第(3)题位于赤道上的观察者通过天文望远镜观察一颗人造地球卫星的运行情况，上午9：00发现该卫星从西边地平线出现。

已知该卫星的运行方向与地球自转方向相同，卫星轨道半径为地球半径的2倍，地球自转的周期为24h，地球同步卫星距离地面的高度与地球半径的比值为，则该卫星从东边地平线消失的时刻最接近于（）A．10：00B．10：30C．11：00D．11：30第(4)题下列四组物理量中均为标量的是（）A．电势电场强度B．电流磁通量C．动量动能D．功率加速度第(5)题某物理兴趣小组对手机辐射强度与距离关系展开了研究，假设手机为功率恒定的辐射源，向空间各个方向均匀辐射电磁波，当手机距离人脸1m和2m时，人脸接收到手机辐射的最大功率之比为（）A．B．C．D．第(6)题如图所示，水平地面上固定有倾角为45°，高为h的斜面。

O点位于A点正上方且与B点等高。

细绳一端固定于O点，另一端与质量为m的小球相连。

1安徽省合肥六中2024-2024学年度上学期高三综合能力测试理综部分物理核心考点试题

1安徽省合肥六中2024-2024学年度上学期高三综合能力测试理综部分物理核心考点试题一、单项选择题：本题共8小题，每小题3分，共24分，在每小题给出的答案中，只有一个符合题目要求。

(共8题)第(1)题如图所示，一可视为质点的小石块从屋顶的A点由静止滚下，沿直线匀加速到屋檐上的B点后做抛体运动，落到水平地面上的C点。

已知屋顶到地面的高度为5.92m，屋檐到地面的高度为2.72m，与水平方向的夹角为，不计一切阻力，取重力加速度大小，下列说法正确的是（）A．小石块离开屋檐时的速度大小为B．小石块从A点运动到B点的时间为1.2sC．小石块从B点运动到C点的时间为0.5sD．B、C两点间的水平距离为第(2)题如图所示，用一段绳子把轻质滑轮吊装在A点，一根轻绳跨过滑轮，绳的一端拴在井中的水桶上，人用力拉绳的另一端，滑轮中心为O点，人所拉绳子与OA的夹角为，拉水桶的绳子与OA的夹角为。

人拉绳沿水平地面向左运动，把井中质量为m的水桶缓慢提上来，人的质量为M，重力加速度大小为g，在此过程中，以下说法正确的是（）A．不一定等于B．吊装滑轮的绳子上的拉力逐渐变大C．地面对人的摩擦力逐渐变小D．地面对人的支持力逐渐变大第(3)题图甲为一列简谐横波在某一时刻的波形图，a、b两质点的横坐标分别为和，图乙为质点b从该时刻开始计时的振动图像，下列说法正确的是（）A．时，质点a的位移沿y轴正向B．时，质点a的加速度方向与速度方向相同C．该波沿x轴的负方向传播，波速为0.5m/sD．质点a经过4s振动的路程为1m第(4)题如图所示，xOy平面是无穷大导体的表面，该导体充满z＜0的空间，z＞0的空间为真空。

将电荷量为q的点电荷置于z轴上z=h处，则在xOy平面上会产生感应电荷，空间任意一点处的电场皆是由点电荷q和导体表面上的感应电荷共同激发的。

已知静电平衡时导体内部场强处处为零，则在z轴上处的场强大小为（k为静电力常量）（）A．B．C．D．第(5)题如图所示，细线的一端系一质量为m的小球，另一端固定在倾角为θ的光滑斜面体顶端，细线与斜面平行．在斜面体以加速度a水平向右做匀加速直线运动的过程中，小球始终静止在斜面上，小球受到细线的拉力T和斜面的支持力为F N分别为(重力加速度为g)( )A．T＝m(g sinθ＋a cosθ)，F N＝m(g cosθ－a sinθ)B．T＝m(g cosθ＋a sinθ)，F N＝m(g sinθ－a cosθ)C．T＝m(a cosθ－g sinθ)，F N＝m(g cosθ＋a sinθ)D．T＝m(a sinθ－g cosθ)，F N＝m(g sinθ＋a cosθ)第(6)题如图所示，某同学用电流传感器探究电容器充电过程中对旁路的影响，t=0时刻闭合开关S，则能正确表示此后电阻R1中电流变化过程的图像是（）A．B．C．D．第(7)题如图，甲和乙利用轻绳拉着相同的橡胶轮胎在同一场地上先后进行体能训练，训练时，甲、乙均可视为做匀加速直线运动，甲的轻绳与水平地面的夹角比乙的大，即，两轮胎与地面始终接触且受到的支持力相等，则（）A．甲的轻绳拉力比乙的大B．两者轻绳拉力大小相等C．甲所拉的轮胎加速度比乙的小D．两轮胎所受合外力大小相等第(8)题如图所示，人造地球卫星A、B绕地球做匀速圆周运动，若用T、v、a、E分别表示卫星的周期、速度、加速度、机械能这些物理量的大小，则下列关系一定正确的是（）A．T A<T B B．v A<v B C．a A<a B D．E A<E B二、多项选择题：本题共4小题，每小题4分，共16分。

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高三综合测试6本试卷分第I卷（选择题）、第II卷（非选择题）和第III卷（选择题）三部分，共150分，考试用时120分钟。

第I卷（选择题共85分）第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）从A、B、C、D、四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

1. —The terrible earthquake caused $15 million damage to this island country .—.A. So does itB. All rightC. It’s OKD. That’s the case2. Teaching child to cook will improve many of the skills that he or she will need later in life .A. 不填；theB. a ; 不填C. a ; theD. the ; a3. Schools prepare people for jobs and careers and help them develop interests that make theirtime more rewarding .A. leisureB. measureC. treasureD. pleasure4. He hasn’t slept at all for three days . he is tired out .A. There is no pointB. There is no needC. It is no wonderD. It is no way5. Like a magazine, a newspaper has a contents guide that indicates located .A. each feature where it isB. each of the feature isC. where is each featureD. where each feature is6. The other day, Mum and I went to St. James’s Hospital, and they did lots and lots of tests on me, most of them and frightening .A. cheerfulB. horribleC. comfortableD. friendly7. The delegation has already arrived, but I didn’t know it until this morning .A. will comeB. had been comingC. was comingD. comes8. I to have come earlier, but the traffic was too heavy and I couldn’t ride the bike fast .A. had plannedB. plannedC. planD. was planning9. that bad weather was on the way, the climbers decided to postpone their attempt until the following week .A. TellingB. Having toldC. Having been toldD. To have been told10. We could just out two figures moving in the distance .A. checkB. figureC. lookD. make11. By the end of this month, we surely a satisfactory solution to the problem .A. have foundB. will be findingC. will have foundD. are found12. In theory, the best way to learn a foreign language is the same way as a baby learns tospeak, in practice it’s not always possible .A. soB. whenC. thereforeD. so long as13. The ability to store knowledge makes computers different from every other machineinvented .A. everB. thusC. yetD. as14. My English teacher my composition and found two grammar mistakes I’d made .A. looked outB. looked onC. looked intoD. looked through15. You fail if you don’t make full use of time .A. shallB. mustC. used toD. ought to第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16—35各题所给的A、B、C、D、四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Vincent Van Gogh is often remembered as the painter who cut off his ear in a fit of passion . He was a lonely man who often 16 without food in order to buy paints, a man with few friends and a 17 temper . Van Gogh’s strong emotions not only 18 his life, but his paintings .Many of Van Gogh’s paintings were 19 by warm, yellow sunlight because he loved how it could 20 the world in different ways . His painting Sunflowers, for example, is 21 yellows and browns . These colors give the painting a 22 of warmth . However, the sunflowers are 23 dead and dying .The result is a painting that 24 the warmth of life that Van Gogh loved with the feelings of 25 that were all around him . It is a painting that is warm, beautiful and sad, all at the same time .Van Gogh’s most famous painting—The Starry Night, 26 this mixture of joy and sadness one step 27 . It is a landscape full of deep 28 and shadows which showed the sadness Van Gogh was feeling as he was painting, 29 what he was actually seeing .This is why Van Gogh’s 30 in his painting look more imagined than real . The stars and moon in the The Starry Night are 31 bright, their light swirling above the darkening hills .A tree that looks like black fire cuts through the 32 of the night, interrupting its beauty . Because of his wild emotions, Van Gogh was not 33 during his life . He sold only one painting . However, people today who stand in front of Sunflowers or The Starry Night can34the same joy and sadness Van Gogh once did, 35 he painted those deep blues and sunny yellows .16. A. went B. came C. carried D. sent17. A. gentle B. tender C. stormy D. short18. A. developed B. affected C. improved D. reduced19. A. inspired B. taught C. followed D. moved20. A. show up B. turn up C. cut up D. light up21. A. full in B filled with C. filled of D. full out22. A. state B. look C. feeling D. touch23. A. actually B. simply C. entirely D. finally24. A. compares B. includes C. communicates D. mixes25. A. happiness B. excitement C. sadness D. worry26. A. takes B. stands C. raises D. continues27. A. further B. deeper C. longer D. closer28. A. reds B. blacks C. blues D. greens29. A. another than B. rather than C. as well as D. in addition30. A. voices B. pictures C. colors D. images31. A. seldom B. unusually C. accordingly D. properly32. A. surroundings B. environment C. view D. sight33. A. understood B. noticed C. rewarded D. trusted34. A. experience B. recognize C. accept D. determine35. A. though B. however C. if D. as第二部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

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