数学名词中英文对照修订稿
数学中英名词对照表
数学中英名词对照表以下是一些常见的数学中英名词对照表:1.数学(Mathematics):2.代数(Algebra):•代数方程(Algebraic equation)•多项式(Polynomial)•因子(Factor)•等式(Equation)•变量(Variable)•系数(Coefficient)3.几何(Geometry):•图形(Figure)•角度(Angle)•直线(Line)•圆(Circle)•面积(Area)•体积(Volume)•对称(Symmetry)4.统计学(Statistics):•数据(Data)•平均数(Mean)•中位数(Median)•众数(Mode)•标准差(Standard deviation)•概率(Probability)•抽样(Sampling)5.微积分(Calculus):•导数(Derivative)•积分(Integration)•极限(Limit)•微分方程(Differential equation)•曲线(Curve)•点斜式(Point-slope form)6.线性代数(Linear Algebra):•矩阵(Matrix)•行列式(Determinant)•向量(Vector)•特征值(Eigenvalue)•线性方程组(System of linear equations)•范数(Norm)7.数论(Number Theory):•质数(Prime number)•最大公约数(Greatest common divisor, GCD)•最小公倍数(Least common multiple, LCM)•同余(Congruence)•素因数分解(Prime factorization)8.逻辑学(Logic):•命题(Proposition)•范式(Normal form)•谓词(Predicate)•推理(Inference)•命题逻辑(Propositional logic)•谓词逻辑(Predicate logic)这只是数学中的一小部分术语对照表,数学领域非常广泛,涵盖了许多分支和专业术语。
数学术语中英对照
数学术语中英对照代数ALGEBRA1. 数论natural number 自然数positive number 正数negative number 负数odd integer, oddnumber 奇数even integer, even number 偶数integer, whole number 整数positivewhole number 正整数negative whole number 负整数consecutive number 连续整数realnumber, rational number 实数,有理数irrational(number)无理数inverse 倒数compositenumber 合数e.g. 4,6,8,9,10,12,14,15… prime number 质数e.g.2,3,5,7,11,13,15…reciprocal 倒数common divisor 公约数multiple 倍数(minimum) common multiple (最小)公倍数(prime) factor (质)因子common factor 公因子ordinary scale, decimalscale 十进制nonnegative 非负的tens 十位units 个位mode 众数mean平均数median中值commonratio 公比2. 基本数学概念arithmetic mean 算术平均值weighted average 加权平均值geometric mean 几何平均数exponent指数,幂base 乘幂的底数,底边cube 立方数,立方体square root 平方根cube root 立方根common logarithm常用对数digit 数字constant 常数variable 变量inverse function 反函数complementaryfunction 余函数linear 一次的,线性的factorization 因式分解absolute value 绝对值,e.g.|-32|=32 round off 四舍五入数学3. 基本运算add,plus 加subtract 减difference 差multiply, times 乘product 积divide 除divisible 可被整除的divided evenly 被整除dividend 被除数,红利divisor 因子,除数,公约数quotient 商remainder 余数factorial 阶乘power 乘方radical sign, root sign 根号round to 四舍五入to the nearest 四舍五入4. 代数式,方程,不等式algebraic term 代数项like terms, similar terms 同类项numerical coefficient 数字系数literal coefficient 字母系数inequality 不等式triangle inequality三角不等式range 值域original equation 原方程equivalent equation 同解方程,等价方程linear equation 线性方程(e.g.5x+6=22)5. 分数,小数proper fraction 真分数improper fraction 假分数mixed number 带分数vulgarfraction,common fraction 普通分数simple fraction 简分数complex fraction 繁分数numerator 分子denominator 分母(least) common denominator (最小)公分母quarter四分之一decimal fraction 纯小数infinite decimal 无穷小数recurring decimal 循环小数tenths unit 十分位6.集合union 并集proper subset 真子集solution set 解集7. 数列arithmetic progression(sequence) 等差数列geometric progression(sequence) 等比数列8. 其它approximate 近似(anti)clockwise (逆) 顺时针方向cardinal 基数ordinal 序数directproportion 正比distinct 不同的estimation 估计,近似parentheses 括号proportion 比例permutation 排列combination 组合table 表格trigonometric function 三角函数unit 单位,位几何GEOMETRY1. 角alternate angle 内错角corresponding angle 同位角vertical angle 对顶角central angle圆心角interior angle 内角exterior angle 外角supplementary angles 补角complementaryangle 余角adjacent angle 邻角acute angle 锐角obtuse angle 钝角right angle 直角round angle 周角straight angle 平角included angle 夹角2. 三角形equilateral triangle 等边三角形scalene triangle 不等边三角形isosceles triangle 等腰三角形right triangle 直角三角形oblique 斜三角形inscribed triangle 内接三角形3. 收敛的平面图形,除三角形外semicircle 半圆concentric circles 同心圆quadrilateral 四边形pentagon 五边形hexagon六边形heptagon 七边形octagon 八边形nonagon 九边形decagon 十边形polygon 多边形parallelogram 平行四边形equilateral 等边形plane 平面square 正方形,平方rectangle 长方形regular polygon 正多边形rhombus 菱形trapezoid 梯形4. 其它平面图形arc 弧line, straight line 直线line segment 线段parallel lines 平行线segment of acircle 弧形5. 立体图形cube 立方体,立方数rectangular solid 长方体regular solid/regular polyhedron正多面体circular cylinder 圆柱体cone 圆锥sphere 球体solid 立体的6. 图形的附属概念plane geometry 平面几何trigonometry 三角学bisect 平分circumscribe 外切inscribe内切intersect 相交perpendicular 垂直Pythagorean theorem 勾股定理(毕达哥拉斯定理)congruent全等的multilateral 多边的altitude 高depth 深度side 边长circumference, perimeter周长radian 弧度surface area 表面积volume 体积arm 直角三角形的股cross section 横截面center of a circle 圆心chord 弦diameter 直径radius 半径angle bisector 角平分线diagonal 对角线化edge 棱face of a solid 立体的面hypotenuse 斜边included side 夹边leg三角形的直角边median(三角形的)中线base 底边,底数(e.g. 2的5次方,2就是底数)opposite 直角三角形中的对边midpoint 中点endpoint 端点vertex (复数形式vertices)顶点tangent 切线的transversal 截线intercept 截距7. 坐标coordinate system 坐标系rectangular coordinate 直角坐标系origin 原点abscissa 横坐标ordinate 纵坐标number line 数轴quadrant 象限slope 斜率complex plane 复平面。
高等数学名词(中英文对照)
高等数学名词(中英文)第一章函数与极限Chapter1 Function and Limit 集合set 元素element子集subset空集empty set并集union交集intersection 差集difference of set基本集basic set 补集complement set直积direct product笛卡儿积Cartesian product开区间open interval 闭区间closed interval 半开区间half open interval 有限区间finite interval区间的长度length of an interval无限区间infinite interval邻域neighborhood邻域的中心centre of a neighborhood 邻域的半径radius of a neighborhood 左邻域left neighborhood右邻域right neighborhood映射mappingX 到Y 的映射mapping of X onto Y 满射surjection单射injection一一映射one-to-one mapping双射bijection算子operator变化transformation函数function逆映射inverse mapping复合映射composite mapping自变量independent variable 因变量dependent variable定义域domain函数值value of function函数关系function relation值域range自然定义域natural domain单值函数single valued function多值函数multiple valued function单值分支one-valued branch函数图形graph of a function绝对值函数absolute value符号函数sigh function整数部分integral part阶梯曲线step curve当且仅当if and only if(iff)分段函数piecewise function上界upper bound下界lower bound有界boundedness无界unbounded函数的单调性monotonicity of a function 单调增加的increasing单调减少的decreasing单调函数monotone function函数的奇偶性parity(odevity) of a function 对称symmetry偶函数even function奇函数odd function函数的周期性periodicity of a function周期period反函数inverse function直接函数direct function复合函数composite function中间变量intermediate variable函数的运算operation of function基本初等函数basic elementary function初等函数elementary function幂函数power function指数函数exponential function对数函数logarithmic function三角函数trigonometric function反三角函数inverse trigonometric function 常数函数constant function双曲函数hyperbolic function双曲正弦hyperbolic sine双曲余弦hyperbolic cosine双曲正切hyperbolic tangent反双曲正弦inverse hyperbolic sine反双曲余弦inverse hyperbolic cosine反双曲正切inverse hyperbolic tangent极限limit数列sequence of number收敛convergence收敛于converge to发散divergent极限的唯一性uniqueness of limits收敛数列的有界性boundedness of a convergent sequence子列subsequence函数的极限limits of functions函数当x 趋于x0 时的极限limit of functions as x approaches x0左极限left limit右极限right limit单侧极限one-sided limits水平渐近线horizontal asymptote无穷小infinitesimal无穷大infinity铅直渐近线vertical asymptote夹逼准则squeeze rule单调数列monotonic sequence高阶无穷小infinitesimal of higher order 低阶无穷小infinitesimal of lower order 同阶无穷小infinitesimal of the same order 等阶无穷小equivalent infinitesimal 函数的连续性continuity of a function增量increment函数在x0 连续the function is continuous at x0左连续left continuous右连续right continuous区间上的连续函数continuous function函数在该区间上连续function is continuous on an interval不连续点discontinuity point第一类间断点discontinuity point of the first kind第二类间断点discontinuity point of the second kind初等函数的连续性continuity of the elementary functions定义区间defined interval最大值global maximum value (absolute maximum)最小值global minimum value (absolute minimum)零点定理the zero-point theorem介值定理intermediate value theorem第二章导数与微分Chapter2 Derivative and Differential速度velocity匀速运动uniform motion平均速度average velocity瞬时速度instantaneous velocity圆的切线tangent line of a circle切线tangent line切线的斜率slope of the tangent line位置函数position function导数derivative可导derivable函数的变化率问题problem of the change rate of a function导函数derived function左导数left-hand derivative右导数right-hand derivative单侧导数one-sided derivatives在闭区间[a, b] 上可导is derivable on the closed interval [a,b]切线方程tangent equation角速度angular velocity成本函数cost function边际成本marginal cost链式法则chain rule隐函数implicit function显函数explicit function二阶函数second derivative三阶导数third derivative高阶导数nth derivative莱布尼茨公式Leibniz formula对数求导法log- derivative参数方程parametric equation相关变化率correlative change rata微分differential可微的differentiable函数的微分differential of function自变量的微分differential of independent variable微商differential quotient间接测量误差indirect measurement error 绝对误差absolute error相对误差relative error第三章微分中值定理与导数的应用Chapter3 Mean Value Theorem ofDifferentials and the Application ofDerivatives罗马定理Rolle’s theorem费马引理Fermat’s lemma拉格朗日中值定理Lagrange’s mean value theorem驻点stationary point稳定点stable point 临界点critical point辅助函数auxiliary function拉格朗日中值公式Lagrange’s mean value formula柯西中值定理Cauchy’s mean value theorem 洛必达法则L’Hospital’s Rule0/0 型不定式indeterminate form of type 0/0 不定式indeterminate form泰勒中值定理Taylor’s mean value theorem 泰勒公式Taylor formula余项remainder term拉格朗日余项Lagrange remainder term麦克劳林公式Maclaurin’s formula佩亚诺公式Peano remainder term凹凸性concavity凹向上的concave upward, concave up凹向下的,向上凸的concave downward’ concave down拐点inflection point函数的极值extremum of function极大值local(relative) maximum最大值global(absolute) maximum极小值local(relative) minimum最小值global(absolute) minimum目标函数objective function曲率curvature弧微分arc differential平均曲率average curvature曲率园circle of curvature曲率中心center of curvature曲率半径radius of curvature渐屈线evolute渐伸线involute根的隔离isolation of root隔离区间isolation interval切线法tangent line method第四章不定积分Chapter4 Indefinite Integrals原函数primitive function(anti-derivative)积分号sign of integration被积函数integrand积分变量integral variable积分曲线integral curve积分表table of integrals换元积分法integration by substitution分部积分法integration by parts分部积分公式formula of integration by parts 有理函数rational function真分式proper fraction假分式improper fraction第五章定积分Chapter5 Definite Integrals曲边梯形trapezoid with曲边curve edge窄矩形narrow rectangle曲边梯形的面积area of trapezoid with curved edge积分下限lower limit of integral积分上限upper limit of integral积分区间integral interval分割partition积分和integral sum可积integrable矩形法rectangle method积分中值定理mean value theorem of integrals函数在区间上的平均值average value of a function on an intervals牛顿-莱布尼茨公式Newton-Leibniz formula微积分基本公式fundamental formula of calculus换元公式formula for integration by substitution递推公式recurrence formula反常积分improper integral 反常积分发散the improper integral is divergent反常积分收敛the improper integral is convergent无穷限的反常积分improper integral on an infinite interval无界函数的反常积分improper integral of unbounded functions绝对收敛absolutely convergent第六章定积分的应用Chapter6 Applications of the Definite Integrals元素法the element method面积元素element of area平面图形的面积area of a plane figure直角坐标又称“笛卡儿坐标(Cartesian coordinates)”极坐标polar coordinates抛物线parabola椭圆ellipse旋转体的面积volume of a solid of rotation 旋转椭球体ellipsoid of revolution, ellipsoid of rotation曲线的弧长arc length of a curve可求长的rectifiable光滑smooth功work水压力water pressure引力gravitation变力variable force第七章空间解析几何与向量代数Chapter7 Space Analytic Geometry and Vector Algebra向量vector自由向量free vector单位向量unit vector零向量zero vector相等equal平行parallel向量的线性运算linear poeration of vector三角法则triangle rule 平行四边形法则parallelogram rule 交换律commutative law结合律associative law负向量negative vector差difference分配律distributive law空间直角坐标系space rectangular coordinates坐标面coordinate plane卦限octant向量的模modulus of vector向量a 与b 的夹角angle between vector a and b方向余弦direction cosine方向角direction angle向量在轴上的投影projection of a vector onto an axis数量积,外积,叉积scalar product,dot product,inner product曲面方程equation for a surface球面sphere旋转曲面surface of revolution母线generating line轴axis 圆锥面cone 顶点vertex旋转单叶双曲面revolution hyperboloids of one sheet旋转双叶双曲面revolution hyperboloids of two sheets柱面cylindrical surface ,cylinder圆柱面cylindrical surface准线directrix抛物柱面parabolic cylinder二次曲面quadric surface 椭圆锥面dlliptic cone椭球面ellipsoid单叶双曲面hyperboloid of one sheet 双叶双曲面hyperboloid of two sheets 旋转椭球面ellipsoid of revolution 椭圆抛物面elliptic paraboloid 旋转抛物面paraboloid of revolution 双曲抛物面hyperbolic paraboloid 马鞍面saddle surface椭圆柱面elliptic cylinder 双曲柱面hyperbolic cylinder 抛物柱面parabolic cylinder 空间曲线spacecurve空间曲线的一般方程general form equations of a space curve空间曲线的参数方程parametric equations of a space curve螺转线spiral 螺矩pitch投影柱面projecting cylinder投影projection平面的点法式方程pointnorm form eqyation of a plane法向量normal vector平面的一般方程general form equation of a plane两平面的夹角angle between two planes点到平面的距离distance from a point to a plane空间直线的一般方程general equation of a line in space方向向量direction vector直线的点向式方程pointdirection form equations of a line方向数direction number直线的参数方程parametric equations of a line两直线的夹角angle between two lines垂直perpendicular直线与平面的夹角angle between a line and a planes平面束pencil of planes平面束的方程equation of a pencil of planes 行列式determinant系数行列式coefficient determinant第八章多元函数微分法及其应用Chapter8 Differentiation of Functions of Several Variables and Its Application一元函数function of one variable多元函数function of several variables内点interior point外点exterior point边界点frontier point,boundary point聚点point of accumulation开集openset闭集closed set 连通集connected set 开区域open region 闭区域closed region 有界集bounded set 无界集unbounded setn 维空间n-dimentional space二重极限double limit多元函数的连续性continuity of function of seveal连续函数continuous function不连续点discontinuity point 一致连续uniformly continuous 偏导数partial derivative对自变量x 的偏导数partial derivative with respect to independent variable x高阶偏导数partial derivative of higher order 二阶偏导数second order partial derivative 混合偏导数hybrid partial derivative 全微分total differential偏增量oartial increment偏微分partial differential 全增量total increment 可微分differentiable 必要条件necessary condition 充分条件sufficient condition叠加原理superpostition principle全导数total derivative中间变量intermediate variable 隐函数存在定理theorem of the existence of implicit function曲线的切向量tangent vector of a curve法平面normal plane向量方程vector equation 向量值函数vector-valued function 切平面tangent plane法线normal line方向导数directional derivative梯度gradient 数量场scalar field 梯度场gradient field 向量场vector field 势场potential field引力场gravitational field引力势gravitational potential曲面在一点的切平面tangent plane to a surface at a point曲线在一点的法线normal line to a surface at a point无条件极值unconditional extreme values 条件极值conditional extreme values 拉格朗日乘数法Lagrange multiplier method 拉格朗日乘子Lagrange multiplier 经验公式empirical formula最小二乘法method of least squares均方误差mean square error第九章重积分Chapter9 Multiple Integrals二重积分double integral可加性additivity累次积分iterated integral体积元素volume element三重积分triple integral直角坐标系中的体积元素volume element in rectangular coordinate system柱面坐标cylindrical coordinates柱面坐标系中的体积元素volume element in cylindrical coordinate system球面坐标spherical coordinates球面坐标系中的体积元素volume element in spherical coordinate system反常二重积分improper double integral曲面的面积area of a surface质心centre of mass静矩static moment密度density形心centroid转动惯量moment of inertia参变量parametric variable第十章曲线积分与曲面积分Chapter10 Line (Curve) Integrals andSurface Integrals对弧长的曲线积分line integrals with respect to arc hength第一类曲线积分line integrals of the first type对坐标的曲线积分line integrals with respect to x,y,and z第二类曲线积分line integrals of the second type有向曲线弧directed arc单连通区域simple connected region 复连通区域complex connected region 格林公式Green formula第一类曲面积分surface integrals of the first type对面的曲面积分surface integrals with respect to area 有向曲面directed surface对坐标的曲面积分surface integrals with respect to coordinate elements第二类曲面积分surface integrals of the second type有向曲面元element of directed surface高斯公式gauss formula 拉普拉斯算子Laplace operator 格林第一公式Green’s first formula 通量flux散度divergence 斯托克斯公式Stokes formula 环流量circulation旋度rotation,curl第十一章无穷级数Chapter11 Infinite Series一般项general term 部分和partial sum 余项remainder term等比级数geometric series几何级数geometric series公比common ratio 调和级数harmonic series柯西收敛准则Cauchy convergence criteria, Cauchy criteria for convergence 正项级数series of positive terms 达朗贝尔判别法D’Alembert test柯西判别法Cauchy test 交错级数alternating series 绝对收敛absolutely convergent条件收敛conditionally convergent柯西乘积Cauchy product 函数项级数series of functions 发散点point of divergence 收敛点pointof convergence 收敛域convergence domain 和函数sumfunction幂级数power series幂级数的系数coeffcients of power series阿贝尔定理Abel Theorem 收敛半径radius of convergence 收敛区间interval of convergence 泰勒级数Taylor series 麦克劳林级数Maclaurin series 二项展开式binomial expansion 近似计算approximate calculation舍入误差round-off error,rounding error 欧拉公式Euler’s formula 魏尔斯特拉丝判别法Weierstrass test 三角级数trigonometric series振幅amplitude角频率angular frequency初相initial phase矩形波square wave 谐波分析harmonic analysis 直流分量direct component 基波fundamental wave 二次谐波second harmonic三角函数系trigonometric function system 傅立叶系数Fourier coefficient 傅立叶级数Forrier series周期延拓periodic prolongation正弦级数sine series 余弦级数cosine series 奇延拓oddprolongation 偶延拓evenprolongation傅立叶级数的复数形式complex form of Fourier series第十二章微分方程Chapter12 Differential Equation 解微分方程solve a differential equation 常微分方程ordinary differential equation 偏微分方程partial differential equation,PDE 微分方程的阶order of a differential equation 微分方程的解solution of a differential equation 微分方程的通解general solution of a differential equation初始条件initial condition微分方程的特解particular solution of a differential equation初值问题initial value problem微分方程的积分曲线integral curve of a differential equation可分离变量的微分方程variable separable differential equation隐式解implicit solution 隐式通解inplicit general solution 衰变系数decay coefficient衰变decay齐次方程homogeneous equation 一阶线性方程linear differential equation of first order 非齐次non-homogeneous齐次线性方程homogeneous linear equation 非齐次线性方程non-homogeneous linear equation常数变易法method of variation of constant 暂态电流transient state current 稳态电流steady state current 伯努利方程Bernoulli equation 全微分方程total differential equation 积分因子integrating factor高阶微分方程differential equation of higher order悬链线catenary高阶线性微分方程linear differential equation of higher order 自由振动的微分方程differential equation of free vibration强迫振动的微分方程differential equation of forced oscillation串联电路的振荡方程oscillation equation of series circuit二阶线性微分方程second order lineardifferential equation线性相关linearly dependence线性无关linearly independence 二阶常系数齐次线性微分方程second order homogeneous linear differential equation with constant coefficient二阶变系数齐次线性微分方程second order homogeneous linear differential equation with variable coefficient特征方程characteristic equation无阻尼自由振动的微分方程differential equation of free vibration with zero damping 固有频率natural frequency 简谐振动simple harmonic oscillation,simple harmonic vibration微分算子differential operator待定系数法method of undetermined coefficient共振现象resonance phenomenon欧拉方程Euler equation 幂级数解法power series solution 数值解法numerial solution 勒让德方程Legendre equation微分方程组system of differential equations 常系数线性微分方程组system of linear differential equations with constant coefficie。
高等数学专业名词中英文对照(全面)
微积分英文词汇,高数名词中英文对照,高等数学术语英语翻译一览关键词:微积分英文,高等数学英文翻译,高数英语词汇来源:上海外教网 | 发布日期:2008-05-16 17:12V、X、Z:Value of function :函数值Variable :变数Vector :向量Velocity :速度Vertical asymptote :垂直渐近线Volume :体积X-axis :x轴x-coordinate :x坐标x-intercept :x截距Zero vector :函数的零点Zeros of a polynomial :多项式的零点T:Tangent function :正切函数Tangent line :切线Tangent plane :切平面Tangent vector :切向量Total differential :全微分Trigonometric function :三角函数Trigonometric integrals :三角积分Trigonometric substitutions :三角代换法Tripe integrals :三重积分S:Saddle point :鞍点Scalar :纯量Secant line :割线Second derivative :二阶导数Second Derivative Test :二阶导数试验法Second partial derivative :二阶偏导数Sector :扇形Sequence :数列Series :级数Set :集合Shell method :剥壳法Sine function :正弦函数Singularity :奇点Slant asymptote :斜渐近线Slope :斜率Slope-intercept equation of a line :直线的斜截式Smooth curve :平滑曲线Smooth surface :平滑曲面Solid of revolution :旋转体Space :空间Speed :速率Spherical coordinates :球面坐标Squeeze Theorem :夹挤定理Step function :阶梯函数Strictly decreasing :严格递减Strictly increasing :严格递增Sum :和Surface :曲面Surface integral :面积分Surface of revolution :旋转曲面Symmetry :对称R:Radius of convergence :收敛半径Range of a function :函数的值域Rate of change :变化率Rational function :有理函数Rationalizing substitution :有理代换法Rational number :有理数Real number :实数Rectangular coordinates :直角坐标Rectangular coordinate system :直角坐标系Relative maximum and minimum :相对极大值与极小值Revenue function :收入函数Revolution , solid of :旋转体Revolution , surface of :旋转曲面Riemann Sum :黎曼和Riemannian geometry :黎曼几何Right-hand derivative :右导数Right-hand limit :右极限Root :根P、Q:Parabola :拋物线Parabolic cylinder :抛物柱面Paraboloid :抛物面Parallelepiped :平行六面体Parallel lines :并行线Parameter :参数Partial derivative :偏导数Partial differential equation :偏微分方程Partial fractions :部分分式Partial integration :部分积分Partiton :分割Period :周期Periodic function :周期函数Perpendicular lines :垂直线Piecewise defined function :分段定义函数Plane :平面Point of inflection :反曲点Polar axis :极轴Polar coordinate :极坐标Polar equation :极方程式Pole :极点Polynomial :多项式Positive angle :正角Point-slope form :点斜式Power function :幂函数Product :积Quadrant :象限Quotient Law of limit :极限的商定律Quotient Rule :商定律M、N、O:Maximum and minimum values :极大与极小值Mean Value Theorem :均值定理Multiple integrals :重积分Multiplier :乘子Natural exponential function :自然指数函数Natural logarithm function :自然对数函数Natural number :自然数Normal line :法线Normal vector :法向量Number :数Octant :卦限Odd function :奇函数One-sided limit :单边极限Open interval :开区间Optimization problems :最佳化问题Order :阶Ordinary differential equation :常微分方程Origin :原点Orthogonal :正交的L:Laplace transform :Leplace 变换Law of Cosines :余弦定理Least upper bound :最小上界Left-hand derivative :左导数Left-hand limit :左极限Lemniscate :双钮线Length :长度Level curve :等高线L'Hospital's rule :洛必达法则Limacon :蚶线Limit :极限Linear approximation:线性近似Linear equation :线性方程式Linear function :线性函数Linearity :线性Linearization :线性化Line in the plane :平面上之直线Line in space :空间之直线Lobachevski geometry :罗巴切夫斯基几何Local extremum :局部极值Local maximum and minimum :局部极大值与极小值Logarithm :对数Logarithmic function :对数函数I:Implicit differentiation :隐求导法Implicit function :隐函数Improper integral :瑕积分Increasing/Decreasing Test :递增或递减试验法Increment :增量Increasing Function :增函数Indefinite integral :不定积分Independent variable :自变数Indeterminate from :不定型Inequality :不等式Infinite point :无穷极限Infinite series :无穷级数Inflection point :反曲点Instantaneous velocity :瞬时速度Integer :整数Integral :积分Integrand :被积分式Integration :积分Integration by part :分部积分法Intercepts :截距Intermediate value of Theorem :中间值定理Interval :区间Inverse function :反函数Inverse trigonometric function :反三角函数Iterated integral :逐次积分H:Higher mathematics 高等数学/高数E、F、G、H:Ellipse :椭圆Ellipsoid :椭圆体Epicycloid :外摆线Equation :方程式Even function :偶函数Expected Valued :期望值Exponential Function :指数函数Exponents , laws of :指数率Extreme value :极值Extreme Value Theorem :极值定理Factorial :阶乘First Derivative Test :一阶导数试验法First octant :第一卦限Focus :焦点Fractions :分式Function :函数Fundamental Theorem of Calculus :微积分基本定理Geometric series :几何级数Gradient :梯度Graph :图形Green Formula :格林公式Half-angle formulas :半角公式Harmonic series :调和级数Helix :螺旋线Higher Derivative :高阶导数Horizontal asymptote :水平渐近线Horizontal line :水平线Hyperbola :双曲线Hyper boloid :双曲面D:Decreasing function :递减函数Decreasing sequence :递减数列Definite integral :定积分Degree of a polynomial :多项式之次数Density :密度Derivative :导数of a composite function :复合函数之导数of a constant function :常数函数之导数directional :方向导数domain of :导数之定义域of exponential function :指数函数之导数higher :高阶导数partial :偏导数of a power function :幂函数之导数of a power series :羃级数之导数of a product :积之导数of a quotient :商之导数as a rate of change :导数当作变率right-hand :右导数second :二阶导数as the slope of a tangent :导数看成切线之斜率Determinant :行列式Differentiable function :可导函数Differential :微分Differential equation :微分方程partial :偏微分方程Differentiation :求导法implicit :隐求导法partial :偏微分法term by term :逐项求导法Directional derivatives :方向导数Discontinuity :不连续性Disk method :圆盘法Distance :距离Divergence :发散Domain :定义域Dot product :点积Double integral :二重积分change of variable in :二重积分之变数变换in polar coordinates :极坐标二重积分C:Calculus :微积分differential :微分学integral :积分学Cartesian coordinates :笛卡儿坐标一般指直角坐标Cartesian coordinates system :笛卡儿坐标系Cauch’s Mean Value Theor em :柯西均值定理Chain Rule :连锁律Change of variables :变数变换Circle :圆Circular cylinder :圆柱Closed interval :封闭区间Coefficient :系数Composition of function :函数之合成Compound interest :复利Concavity :凹性Conchoid :蚌线Cone :圆锥Constant function :常数函数Constant of integration :积分常数Continuity :连续性at a point :在一点处之连续性of a function :函数之连续性on an interval :在区间之连续性from the left :左连续from the right :右连续Continuous function :连续函数Convergence :收敛interval of :收敛区间radius of :收敛半径Convergent sequence :收敛数列series :收敛级数Coordinate:s:坐标Cartesian :笛卡儿坐标cylindrical :柱面坐标polar :极坐标rectangular :直角坐标spherical :球面坐标Coordinate axes :坐标轴Coordinate planes :坐标平面Cosine function :余弦函数Critical point :临界点Cubic function :三次函数Curve :曲线Cylinder:圆柱Cylindrical Coordinates :圆柱坐标A、B:Absolute convergence :绝对收敛Absolute extreme values :绝对极值Absolute maximum and minimum :绝对极大与极小Absolute value :绝对值Absolute value function :绝对值函数Acceleration :加速度Antiderivative :反导数Approximate integration :近似积分Approximation :逼近法by differentials :用微分逼近linear :线性逼近法by Simpson’s Rule :Simpson法则逼近法by the Trapezoidal Rule :梯形法则逼近法Arbitrary constant :任意常数Arc length :弧长Area :面积under a curve :曲线下方之面积between curves :曲线间之面积in polar coordinates :极坐标表示之面积of a sector of a circle :扇形之面积of a surface of a revolution :旋转曲面之面积Asymptote :渐近线horizontal :水平渐近线slant :斜渐近线vertical :垂直渐近线Average speed :平均速率Average velocity :平均速度Axes, coordinate :坐标轴Axes of ellipse :椭圆之轴Binomial series :二项级数微积分词汇第一章函数与极限Chapter1 Function and Limit集合 set元素 element子集 subset空集 empty set并集 union交集 intersection差集 difference of set基本集 basic set补集 complement set直积 direct product笛卡儿积 Cartesian product开区间 open interval闭区间 closed interval半开区间 half open interval有限区间 finite interval区间的长度 length of an interval无限区间 infinite interval领域 neighborhood领域的中心 centre of a neighborhood 领域的半径 radius of a neighborhood 左领域 left neighborhood右领域 right neighborhood映射 mappingX到Y的映射 mapping of X ontoY满射 surjection单射 injection一一映射 one-to-one mapping双射 bijection算子 operator变化 transformation函数 function逆映射 inverse mapping复合映射 composite mapping自变量 independent variable因变量 dependent variable定义域 domain函数值 value of function函数关系 function relation值域 range自然定义域 natural domain单值函数 single valued function多值函数 multiple valued function单值分支 one-valued branch函数图形 graph of a function绝对值函数 absolute value符号函数 sigh function整数部分 integral part阶梯曲线 step curve当且仅当 if and only if(iff)分段函数 piecewise function上界 upper bound下界 lower bound有界 boundedness无界 unbounded函数的单调性 monotonicity of a function单调增加的 increasing单调减少的 decreasing单调函数 monotone function函数的奇偶性 parity(odevity) of a function 对称 symmetry偶函数 even function奇函数 odd function函数的周期性 periodicity of a function周期 period反函数 inverse function直接函数 direct function复合函数 composite function中间变量 intermediate variable函数的运算 operation of function基本初等函数 basic elementary function初等函数 elementary function幂函数 power function指数函数 exponential function对数函数 logarithmic function三角函数 trigonometric function反三角函数 inverse trigonometric function 常数函数 constant function双曲函数 hyperbolic function双曲正弦 hyperbolic sine双曲余弦 hyperbolic cosine双曲正切 hyperbolic tangent反双曲正弦 inverse hyperbolic sine反双曲余弦 inverse hyperbolic cosine反双曲正切 inverse hyperbolic tangent极限 limit数列 sequence of number收敛 convergence收敛于 a converge to a发散 divergent极限的唯一性 uniqueness of limits收敛数列的有界性 boundedness of a convergent sequence子列 subsequence函数的极限 limits of functions函数当x趋于x0时的极限 limit of functions as x approaches x0左极限 left limit右极限 right limit单侧极限 one-sided limits水平渐近线 horizontal asymptote无穷小 infinitesimal无穷大 infinity铅直渐近线 vertical asymptote夹逼准则 squeeze rule单调数列 monotonic sequence高阶无穷小 infinitesimal of higher order低阶无穷小 infinitesimal of lower order同阶无穷小 infinitesimal of the same order作者:新少年特工 2007-10-8 18:37 回复此发言--------------------------------------------------------------------------------2 高等数学-翻译等阶无穷小 equivalent infinitesimal函数的连续性 continuity of a function增量 increment函数在x0连续 the function is continuous at x0左连续 left continuous右连续 right continuous区间上的连续函数 continuous function函数在该区间上连续 function is continuous on an interval不连续点 discontinuity point第一类间断点 discontinuity point of the first kind第二类间断点 discontinuity point of the second kind初等函数的连续性 continuity of the elementary functions定义区间 defined interval最大值 global maximum value (absolute maximum)最小值 global minimum value (absolute minimum)零点定理 the zero point theorem介值定理 intermediate value theorem第二章导数与微分Chapter2 Derivative and Differential速度 velocity匀速运动 uniform motion平均速度 average velocity瞬时速度 instantaneous velocity圆的切线 tangent line of a circle切线 tangent line切线的斜率 slope of the tangent line位置函数 position function导数 derivative可导 derivable函数的变化率问题 problem of the change rate of a function导函数 derived function左导数 left-hand derivative右导数 right-hand derivative单侧导数 one-sided derivatives在闭区间【a,b】上可导 is derivable on the closed interval [a,b] 切线方程 tangent equation角速度 angular velocity成本函数 cost function边际成本 marginal cost链式法则 chain rule隐函数 implicit function显函数 explicit function二阶函数 second derivative三阶导数 third derivative高阶导数 nth derivative莱布尼茨公式 Leibniz formula对数求导法 log- derivative参数方程 parametric equation相关变化率 correlative change rata微分 differential可微的 differentiable函数的微分 differential of function自变量的微分 differential of independent variable微商 differential quotient间接测量误差 indirect measurement error绝对误差 absolute error相对误差 relative error第三章微分中值定理与导数的应用Chapter3 MeanValue Theorem of Differentials and the Application of Derivatives罗马定理Rolle’s theorem费马引理Fermat’s lemma拉格朗日中值定理Lagrange’s mean value theorem驻点 stationary point稳定点 stable point临界点 critical point辅助函数 auxiliary function拉格朗日中值公式Lagrange’s mean value formula柯西中值定理Cauchy’s mean value theorem洛必达法则L’Hospital’s Rule0/0型不定式 indeterminate form of type 0/0不定式 indeterminate form泰勒中值定理Taylor’s mean value theorem泰勒公式 Taylor formula余项 remainder term拉格朗日余项 Lagrange remainder term麦克劳林公式Maclaurin’s formula佩亚诺公式 Peano remainder term凹凸性 concavity凹向上的 concave upward, cancave up凹向下的,向上凸的concave downward’ concave down拐点 inflection point函数的极值 extremum of function极大值 local(relative) maximum最大值 global(absolute) mximum极小值 local(relative) minimum最小值 global(absolute) minimum目标函数 objective function曲率 curvature弧微分 arc differential平均曲率 average curvature曲率园 circle of curvature曲率中心 center of curvature曲率半径 radius of curvature渐屈线 evolute渐伸线 involute根的隔离 isolation of root隔离区间 isolation interval切线法 tangent line method第四章不定积分Chapter4 Indefinite Integrals原函数 primitive function(antiderivative)积分号 sign of integration被积函数 integrand积分变量 integral variable积分曲线 integral curve积分表 table of integrals换元积分法 integration by substitution分部积分法 integration by parts分部积分公式 formula of integration by parts有理函数 rational function真分式 proper fraction假分式 improper fraction第五章定积分Chapter5 Definite Integrals曲边梯形 trapezoid with曲边 curve edge窄矩形 narrow rectangle曲边梯形的面积 area of trapezoid with curved edge积分下限 lower limit of integral积分上限 upper limit of integral积分区间 integral interval分割 partition积分和 integral sum可积 integrable矩形法 rectangle method积分中值定理 mean value theorem of integrals函数在区间上的平均值 average value of a function on an integvals 牛顿-莱布尼茨公式 Newton-Leibniz formula微积分基本公式 fundamental formula of calculus换元公式 formula for integration by substitution递推公式 recurrence formula反常积分 improper integral反常积分发散 the improper integral is divergent反常积分收敛 the improper integral is convergent无穷限的反常积分 improper integral on an infinite interval无界函数的反常积分 improper integral of unbounded functions绝对收敛 absolutely convergent第六章定积分的应用Chapter6 Applications of the Definite Integrals元素法 the element method面积元素 element of area平面图形的面积 area of a luane figure直角坐标又称“笛卡儿坐标(Cartesian coordinates)”极坐标 polar coordinates抛物线 parabola椭圆 ellipse旋转体的面积 volume of a solid of rotation旋转椭球体 ellipsoid of revolution, ellipsoid of rotation 曲线的弧长 arc length of acurve可求长的 rectifiable光滑 smooth功 work水压力 water pressure引力 gravitation变力 variable force第七章空间解析几何与向量代数Chapter7 Space Analytic Geometry and Vector Algebra向量 vector自由向量 free vector单位向量 unit vector零向量 zero vector相等 equal平行 parallel向量的线性运算 linear poeration of vector三角法则 triangle rule平行四边形法则 parallelogram rule交换律 commutative law结合律 associative law负向量 negative vector差 difference分配律 distributive law空间直角坐标系 space rectangular coordinates坐标面 coordinate plane卦限 octant向量的模 modulus of vector向量a与b的夹角 angle between vector a and b方向余弦 direction cosine方向角 direction angle向量在轴上的投影 projection of a vector onto an axis数量积,外积,叉积 scalar product,dot product,inner product 曲面方程 equation for a surface球面 sphere旋转曲面 surface of revolution母线 generating line轴 axis圆锥面 cone顶点 vertex旋转单叶双曲面 revolution hyperboloids of one sheet旋转双叶双曲面 revolution hyperboloids of two sheets柱面 cylindrical surface ,cylinder圆柱面 cylindrical surface准线 directrix抛物柱面 parabolic cylinder二次曲面 quadric surface椭圆锥面 dlliptic cone椭球面 ellipsoid单叶双曲面 hyperboloid of one sheet双叶双曲面 hyperboloid of two sheets旋转椭球面 ellipsoid of revolution椭圆抛物面 elliptic paraboloid旋转抛物面 paraboloid of revolution双曲抛物面 hyperbolic paraboloid马鞍面 saddle surface椭圆柱面 elliptic cylinder双曲柱面 hyperbolic cylinder抛物柱面 parabolic cylinder空间曲线 space curve空间曲线的一般方程 general form equations of a space curve 空间曲线的参数方程 parametric equations of a space curve 螺转线 spiral螺矩 pitch投影柱面 projecting cylinder投影 projection平面的点法式方程 pointnorm form eqyation of a plane法向量 normal vector平面的一般方程 general form equation of a plane两平面的夹角 angle between two planes点到平面的距离 distance from a point to a plane空间直线的一般方程 general equation of a line in space方向向量 direction vector直线的点向式方程 pointdirection form equations of a line 方向数 direction number直线的参数方程 parametric equations of a line两直线的夹角 angle between two lines垂直 perpendicular直线与平面的夹角 angle between a line and a planes平面束 pencil of planes平面束的方程 equation of a pencil of planes行列式 determinant系数行列式 coefficient determinant第八章多元函数微分法及其应用Chapter8 Differentiation of Functions of Several Variables and Its Application一元函数 function of one variable多元函数 function of several variables内点 interior point外点 exterior point边界点 frontier point,boundary point聚点 point of accumulation开集 openset闭集 closed set连通集 connected set开区域 open region闭区域 closed region有界集 bounded set无界集 unbounded setn维空间 n-dimentional space二重极限 double limit多元函数的连续性 continuity of function of seveal连续函数 continuous function不连续点 discontinuity point一致连续 uniformly continuous偏导数 partial derivative对自变量x的偏导数 partial derivative with respect to independent variable x高阶偏导数 partial derivative of higher order二阶偏导数 second order partial derivative混合偏导数 hybrid partial derivative全微分 total differential偏增量 oartial increment偏微分 partial differential全增量 total increment可微分 differentiable必要条件 necessary condition充分条件 sufficient condition叠加原理 superpostition principle全导数 total derivative中间变量 intermediate variable隐函数存在定理 theorem of the existence of implicit function曲线的切向量 tangent vector of a curve法平面 normal plane向量方程 vector equation向量值函数 vector-valued function切平面 tangent plane法线 normal line方向导数 directional derivative梯度 gradient数量场 scalar field梯度场 gradient field向量场 vector field势场 potential field引力场 gravitational field引力势 gravitational potential曲面在一点的切平面 tangent plane to a surface at a point曲线在一点的法线 normal line to a surface at a point无条件极值 unconditional extreme values条件极值 conditional extreme values拉格朗日乘数法 Lagrange multiplier method拉格朗日乘子 Lagrange multiplier经验公式 empirical formula最小二乘法 method of least squares均方误差 mean square error第九章重积分Chapter9 Multiple Integrals二重积分 double integral可加性 additivity累次积分 iterated integral体积元素 volume element三重积分 triple integral直角坐标系中的体积元素 volume element in rectangular coordinate system 柱面坐标 cylindrical coordinates柱面坐标系中的体积元素 volume element in cylindrical coordinate system 球面坐标 spherical coordinates球面坐标系中的体积元素 volume element in spherical coordinate system 反常二重积分 improper double integral曲面的面积 area of a surface质心 centre of mass静矩 static moment密度 density形心 centroid转动惯量 moment of inertia参变量 parametric variable第十章曲线积分与曲面积分Chapter10 Line(Curve)Integrals and Surface Integrals对弧长的曲线积分 line integrals with respect to arc hength第一类曲线积分 line integrals of the first type对坐标的曲线积分 line integrals with respect to x,y,and z第二类曲线积分 line integrals of the second type有向曲线弧 directed arc单连通区域 simple connected region复连通区域 complex connected region格林公式 Green formula第一类曲面积分 surface integrals of the first type对面的曲面积分 surface integrals with respect to area有向曲面 directed surface对坐标的曲面积分 surface integrals with respect to coordinate elements 第二类曲面积分 surface integrals of the second type有向曲面元 element of directed surface高斯公式 gauss formula拉普拉斯算子 Laplace operator格林第一公式Green’s first formula通量 flux散度 divergence斯托克斯公式 Stokes formula环流量 circulation旋度 rotation,curl第十一章无穷级数Chapter11 Infinite Series一般项 general term部分和 partial sum余项 remainder term等比级数 geometric series几何级数 geometric series公比 common ratio调和级数 harmonic series柯西收敛准则Cauchy convergence criteria, Cauchy criteria for convergence正项级数 series of positive terms达朗贝尔判别法D’Alembert test柯西判别法 Cauchy test交错级数 alternating series绝对收敛 absolutely convergent条件收敛 conditionally convergent柯西乘积 Cauchy product函数项级数 series of functions发散点 point of divergence收敛点 point of convergence收敛域 convergence domain和函数 sum function幂级数 power series幂级数的系数 coeffcients of power series阿贝尔定理 Abel Theorem收敛半径 radius of convergence收敛区间 interval of convergence泰勒级数 Taylor series麦克劳林级数 Maclaurin series二项展开式 binomial expansion近似计算 approximate calculation舍入误差 round-off error,rounding error欧拉公式Euler’s formula魏尔斯特拉丝判别法 Weierstrass test三角级数 trigonometric series振幅 amplitude角频率 angular frequency初相 initial phase矩形波 square wave谐波分析 harmonic analysis直流分量 direct component基波 fundamental wave二次谐波 second harmonic三角函数系 trigonometric function system傅立叶系数 Fourier coefficient傅立叶级数 Forrier series周期延拓 periodic prolongation正弦级数 sine series余弦级数 cosine series奇延拓 odd prolongation偶延拓 even prolongation傅立叶级数的复数形式 complex form of Fourier series第十二章微分方程Chapter12 Differential Equation解微分方程 solve a dirrerential equation常微分方程 ordinary differential equation偏微分方程 partial differential equation,PDE微分方程的阶 order of a differential equation微分方程的解 solution of a differential equation微分方程的通解 general solution of a differential equation初始条件 initial condition微分方程的特解 particular solution of a differential equation初值问题 initial value problem微分方程的积分曲线 integral curve of a differential equation可分离变量的微分方程 variable separable differential equation隐式解 implicit solution隐式通解 inplicit general solution衰变系数 decay coefficient衰变 decay齐次方程 homogeneous equation一阶线性方程 linear differential equation of first order非齐次 non-homogeneous齐次线性方程 homogeneous linear equation非齐次线性方程 non-homogeneous linear equation常数变易法 method of variation of constant暂态电流 transient stata current稳态电流 steady state current伯努利方程 Bernoulli equation全微分方程 total differential equation积分因子 integrating factor高阶微分方程 differential equation of higher order悬链线 catenary高阶线性微分方程 linera differential equation of higher order自由振动的微分方程 differential equation of free vibration强迫振动的微分方程 differential equation of forced oscillation串联电路的振荡方程 oscillation equation of series circuit二阶线性微分方程 second order linera differential equation线性相关 linearly dependence线性无关 linearly independce二阶常系数齐次线性微分方程 second order homogeneour linear differential equation with constant coefficient二阶变系数齐次线性微分方程 second order homogeneous linear differential equation with variable coefficient特征方程 characteristic equation无阻尼自由振动的微分方程 differential equation of free vibration with zero damping固有频率 natural frequency简谐振动 simple harmonic oscillation,simple harmonic vibration微分算子 differential operator待定系数法 method of undetermined coefficient共振现象 resonance phenomenon欧拉方程 Euler equation幂级数解法 power series solution数值解法 numerial solution勒让德方程 Legendre equation微分方程组 system of differential equations常系数线性微分方程组system of linera differential equations with constant coefficientV、X、Z:Value of function :函数值Variable :变数Vector :向量Velocity :速度Vertical asymptote :垂直渐近线Volume :体积X-axis :x轴x-coordinate :x坐标x-intercept :x截距Zero vector :函数的零点Zeros of a polynomial :多项式的零点T:Tangent function :正切函数Tangent line :切线Tangent plane :切平面Tangent vector :切向量Total differential :全微分Trigonometric function :三角函数Trigonometric integrals :三角积分Trigonometric substitutions :三角代换法Tripe integrals :三重积分S:Saddle point :鞍点Scalar :纯量Secant line :割线Second derivative :二阶导数Second Derivative Test :二阶导数试验法Second partial derivative :二阶偏导数Sector :扇形Sequence :数列Series :级数Set :集合Shell method :剥壳法Sine function :正弦函数Singularity :奇点Slant asymptote :斜渐近线Slope :斜率Slope-intercept equation of a line :直线的斜截式Smooth curve :平滑曲线Smooth surface :平滑曲面Solid of revolution :旋转体Space :空间Speed :速率Spherical coordinates :球面坐标Squeeze Theorem :夹挤定理Step function :阶梯函数Strictly decreasing :严格递减Strictly increasing :严格递增Sum :和Surface :曲面Surface integral :面积分Surface of revolution :旋转曲面Symmetry :对称R:Radius of convergence :收敛半径Range of a function :函数的值域Rate of change :变化率Rational function :有理函数Rationalizing substitution :有理代换法Rational number :有理数Real number :实数Rectangular coordinates :直角坐标Rectangular coordinate system :直角坐标系Relative maximum and minimum :相对极大值与极小值Revenue function :收入函数Revolution , solid of :旋转体Revolution , surface of :旋转曲面Riemann Sum :黎曼和Riemannian geometry :黎曼几何Right-hand derivative :右导数Right-hand limit :右极限Root :根P、Q:Parabola :拋物线Parabolic cylinder :抛物柱面Paraboloid :抛物面Parallelepiped :平行六面体Parallel lines :并行线Parameter :参数Partial derivative :偏导数Partial differential equation :偏微分方程Partial fractions :部分分式Partial integration :部分积分Partiton :分割Period :周期Periodic function :周期函数Perpendicular lines :垂直线Piecewise defined function :分段定义函数Plane :平面Point of inflection :反曲点Polar axis :极轴Polar coordinate :极坐标Polar equation :极方程式Pole :极点Polynomial :多项式Positive angle :正角Point-slope form :点斜式Power function :幂函数Product :积Quadrant :象限Quotient Law of limit :极限的商定律Quotient Rule :商定律M、N、O:Maximum and minimum values :极大与极小值Mean Value Theorem :均值定理Multiple integrals :重积分Multiplier :乘子Natural exponential function :自然指数函数Natural logarithm function :自然对数函数Natural number :自然数Normal line :法线Normal vector :法向量Number :数Octant :卦限Odd function :奇函数One-sided limit :单边极限Open interval :开区间Optimization problems :最佳化问题Order :阶Ordinary differential equation :常微分方程Origin :原点Orthogonal :正交的L:Laplace transform :Leplace 变换Law of Cosines :余弦定理Least upper bound :最小上界Left-hand derivative :左导数Left-hand limit :左极限Lemniscate :双钮线Length :长度Level curve :等高线L'Hospital's rule :洛必达法则Limacon :蚶线Limit :极限Linear approximation:线性近似Linear equation :线性方程式Linear function :线性函数Linearity :线性Linearization :线性化Line in the plane :平面上之直线Line in space :空间之直线Lobachevski geometry :罗巴切夫斯基几何Local extremum :局部极值Local maximum and minimum :局部极大值与极小值Logarithm :对数Logarithmic function :对数函数I:Implicit differentiation :隐求导法Implicit function :隐函数Improper integral :瑕积分Increasing/Decreasing Test :递增或递减试验法Increment :增量Increasing Function :增函数Indefinite integral :不定积分Independent variable :自变数Indeterminate from :不定型Inequality :不等式Infinite point :无穷极限Infinite series :无穷级数Inflection point :反曲点Instantaneous velocity :瞬时速度Integer :整数Integral :积分Integrand :被积分式Integration :积分Integration by part :分部积分法Intercepts :截距Intermediate value of Theorem :中间值定理Interval :区间Inverse function :反函数Inverse trigonometric function :反三角函数Iterated integral :逐次积分H:Higher mathematics 高等数学/高数E、F、G、H:Ellipse :椭圆Ellipsoid :椭圆体Epicycloid :外摆线Equation :方程式Even function :偶函数Expected Valued :期望值Exponential Function :指数函数Exponents , laws of :指数率Extreme value :极值Extreme Value Theorem :极值定理Factorial :阶乘First Derivative Test :一阶导数试验法First octant :第一卦限Focus :焦点Fractions :分式Function :函数Fundamental Theorem of Calculus :微积分基本定理Geometric series :几何级数Gradient :梯度Graph :图形Green Formula :格林公式Half-angle formulas :半角公式Harmonic series :调和级数Helix :螺旋线Higher Derivative :高阶导数Horizontal asymptote :水平渐近线。
数学常用词汇中英对照
数学常用词汇中英文对照代数部分1.有关基本运算add. plus加subtract 减difference 差multiply.time s 乘product 积divide 除divisible可被整除的divide by被整除dividend被除数divisor因了除数quotient 商remainder 余数factorial 阶乗geometric mean几何平均数exponent指数.券base乘辑的底数.底边cube立方数、立方体square root平方根cube root立方根common logarithm常圧对数digit数字constant 常数variable 变量inversefunction 反函数complementary function余函数linear-次的,线性的factorization 因式分解absolute value绝对值,round off四舍五入power乘方radical sign.root sign根号round to四舍五入totlienearest 四舍五入6.有关数论natural number自然数positive number 正数negative number负数2.有关集合union并集proper subset宾了-集solution set解集odd integer.odd number奇数even integer.even number偶数integer,whole number整数positive whole number正整数negative whole number负整数3.有关代数式、方程和不等式algebraic term代数项like terms.similar terms 同类项numerical coefficient 数字系数literal coefficient字母系数inequality 不等式triangle inequality三角不等式range值域original equation原方程equivalent equation 同解方程等价方程linear equation线性方程consecutive number连续整数realnumber.rational nunber实数,有理数irrational(number)无理数inverse 倒数composite number合数prime number质数reciprocal 倒数common divisor公约数multiple 倍数(least)common multiple(最小)公倍数(prime)factor(质)因了- common factor公因了・ordinary scale.decimal scale十进制4.有关分数和小数proper fraction真分数improper fraction®分数mixed number带分数vulgar fraction. common fraction 普通分数simple fraction简分数complex fraction繁分数numerate r 分了・denominator 分母(least)common denominator(最小)公分母quarter四分之_ decimal fraction纯小数infinite decimal无穷小数recurring decimal循环小数tenths,digit十分位nonnegative 非负的tens十位units个位mode 众数median中数common ratio公比7.数列arithmetic progressionisequence)等差数列geometric progression(sequence)等比数列8.其它approximate 近似(anti)clockwise(逆)顺时针方向cardinal 基数5.基本数学概念arithmetic mean算术平均值weighted average加权平均值ordinal中数direct proportion 正比distinct不同的estimation估计,近似line segment线段parentheses 括号parallel lines平行线proportion 比例segment of a circle弧形permutation 排列combination 组合5•有关立体图形table表格cube立方体、立方数trigonometric function三角函数rectangular solid长方体unit单位.位regular solid/regular pclyiiedron 正多面体几何部分circular cylinder圆柱体cone|31 锥1 .所有的角sphere球体alternate angle内错角solid立体的corresponding angle 同位角vertical angle对顶角6.有关图形上的附属物central angle圆心角altitude 高interior angle内角depth深度exterior angle 外角side边长supplementary angles补角circumference.perimeter 周长complementary angle余角radian弧度adjacent angle邻角surface area 表面积acute angle锐角volume体积obtuse angle钝角arm直角三角形的股right angle直角cross section横截面round angle 周角center of a circle圆心straight angle平角chord 弦included angle夹角radius半径2.所有的三角形angle bisector角平分线diagonal对角线equilateral triangle等边三角形diameter 直径scalene triangle不等边三角形edge 梭isosceles triangle等腰三角形face of a solid立体的面right triangle直角三角形hypotenuse 斜边oblique斜三角形included side 夹边inscribed triangle内接三角形leg三角形的直角边3.有关收敛的平面图形.除三角形外median of a triangle三角形的中线base底边,底数semicircle 半圆opposite直角三角形中的对边concentric circles同心圆midpoint 中点quadrilateral 四边形endpoint 端点pentagon五边形vertex(复数形式vertices)顶点hexagon六边形tangent切线的heptagon t边形transversal 截线octagon八边形intercept 截距nonagon九边形decagon十边形7•有关坐标polygon多边形coordinate system坐标系parallelogram平行四边形rectangular coordinate直角坐标系equilateral 等边形origin原点plane平面abscissa横坐标square iE方形.平方ordinate纵坐标rectangle长方形number line数轴regular polygon正多边形quadrant 象限rhombus 菱形slope斜率trapezoid 梯形complex plane复平面4其它平面图形8.其它arc弧plane geometry平面几何line.straight line 直线trigonometry 三角学bisect平分非负整数集the set of all non-negat^e integers circumscribe 外切自然数集the set of all natural numbers inscribe 内切正整数集the set of all positive integers intersect相交整数集the set of all integersperpendicular 垂直有理数集the set of all rational numbers pytiiagorean theorem 勾股定理实数集the set of all real numberscongruent全等的元素elementmultilateral 多边的属于belong to1.单位类不属于not belong to 有限集finite setcent美分九限集infinite setpenny一美分硬币空集empty setnickels美分硬币包含inclusion, includedime一角硬币包含于lie indozen打(12个)了集subsetscore 廿(20 个)且了•集proper subsetCentigrade 摄氏补集(余集)complementary setFahrenheit 华氏全集universequart夸脱交集 intersectiongallon 加仑(1gallon=4quart)并集unionyard 码偶数集the set of all even numbersmeter 米奇数集the set of all odd numbersmicron微米含绝对值的不等式inch英寸inequality with absolute valuefoot英尺一元二次不等式minute分(角度的度量单位,60分=1度)one-variable quadratic inequalitysquare measure平方单位制逻辑logiccubic meter立方米逻辑联结词logic connectivepint品脱(干量或液量的单位)或or2.有关文字叙述题、主要是有关商业旦and 非notintercalary year(leap year)闰年(366天)真truecommon year平年(365天)假falsedepreciation 折旧真偵表truth tabledown payment直接付款原命題original propositiondiscount 打折逆命題converse propositionmargin利润否命題negative propositionprofit利涧逆否命題converse-negative propositioninterest 利息充分条件sufficient conditionsimple interest单利必要条件necessary conditioncompounded interest复利充要条件sufficient and necessary condition dividend 红利……的充要条件是……decrease to减少到... if and only if ...decrease by减少了increase to増加到函数increase by增加了函数functiondenote表示自变量argumentlist price标价定义域domainmarkup涨价偵域rangeper capit□每人区间intervalratio比率闭区间closed intervalretail price零侔价开区间open intervaltie打平函数的图象graph of function集合与简易逻辑映射mapping 象image 原象inverse image集合(集)set 单调monotone增函数increasing function减函数decreasing function 単调区间monotone interxal 反函数inverse function 指数exponent 根式radical 根指数radical exponent 被开方数radicand 指数函数exponential function 对数logarithm 常用对数common logarithm Q 然对数natural logarithm 对数函数logarithmic function 数列数歹ijsequence of number 项term 通项公式the formula of general term 有穷数列finite sequence of number 无穷数歹ijinfinite sequence of number 递推公式recurrence formula 等差数列arithmetic progression . arithmetic series 公差common difference 等差中项arithmetic mean 等比数列geometric series/progression 公比common ratio 等比中项geometric mean三角函数三角函数trigonometric function 始边initial side 终边terminal side 正角positive angle 负角negative angle 零角zero angle 象限角quadrant angle 弧度radian 弧度制radian measure 角度制degree measure 正弦sine 余弦cosine 正切tangent 余切cotangent 正割secant 余割c osecant 诱导公式induction formula 正弦曲线sine curve 余弦曲线cosine curve 最大fftmaximum 最小fftminimum 周期period 最小正周期minimal positive period 周期函数periodic function 抚]幅amplitude of vibration 频率frequency 相位phase 初相initial phase 反正弦arc sine 反余弦arc cosine 反正切arc tangent 平面向量有向线段directed line segment 数量scalar quantity 向量vector 零向量zero vector 相等向量equal vector 共线向量collinear vectors 平行向量parallel vectors 向量的数乘multiplication of vector by scalar 单位向量unit vector 基底base基向量base vectors 平移translation 数量积inner product 正弦定理sine theorem 余弦定理cosine theorem不等式算术平均数arithmetic rrean 几何平均数geometric mean 比较法method of compare 综合法method of synthesis 分析法method of analysis直线倾斜角angle of inclination 斜率gradient 点斜式point slope form 截距intercept 斜截式gradient interceot form 两点式tu'o-point form 一般式general form 夹角included angle 线性规划linear prograrrming 约束条件constraint condition 冃标函数objective function 可行infeasible region 最优解optimal solution 圆锥曲线曲线curve 坐标法method of coordinate 解析几何analytic geometry 笛卡儿Descartes 标准方程standard equation一股方程general equation 参数方程parameter equation 参数parameter 13锥曲线point conic 椭圆ellipse 焦点focus, focal pointscube root立方根/,审关迅肃common logarithm常圧对数add. plus加digit数字subtract 减constant 常数difference 差variable 变量multiply, times乘inverse function反函数product 积complementary function余函数divide 除linear-次的,线性的divisible可被整除的factorization 因式分解divided evenly被整除absolute value绝对值.e.g.|-32|=32dividend被除数round off四舍五人divisor因子、除数6名关以论quotient 商natural number fl 然数remainder 余数positive number 正数factorial 阶乗negative number负数power乘方odd integer, odd number奇数radical sign, root sign根号even integer, even number偶数round to四舍五入integer, whole number整数to the nearest四舍五入positive whole number正整数2彳关県金negative whole number负整数union并集consecutive number连续整数proper subset宾了-集real number, rational number实数,有理数solution set解集irrational(number)无理数3.4关代微R,方奴和系*武inverse 倒数algebraic term代数项composite number合数e.g.4,6.S t9.10t12.14.15 like terms, similar terms同类项prime number质数e.g.2,3.5,7,11,13.15 ...... numerical coefficient数字系数reciprocal 倒数literal coefficient字母系数common divisor公约数inequality 不等式multiple 倍数triangle inequality三角不等式(least)common multiple(最小)公倍数range值域(prime)factor(质)因子original equation原方程common factor公因了・equivalent equation 同解方程ordinary scale, decimal scale十进制等价方程nonnegative 非负的linear equation线性方程(e.g.5?x?+6=22) tens十位4 a关令微衣日,教units个位proper fraction真分数mode众数improper fraction假分数median中数mixed number带分数common ratio公比vulgar fraction. common fraction 普通分数7.數列simple fraction简分数arithmetic progressionisequence)等差数列complex fraction繁分数geometric progression(sequence)等比数列numerato r 分了・球空denominator 分母approximate 近似(least)common denominator(最小)公分母(anti)clockwise(逆)顺时针方向quarter四分之_ cardinal 基数decimal fraction纯小数ordinal 序数infinite decimal无穷小数direct proportion lEkErecurring decimal循环小数distinct不同的tenths unit十分位estimation估计.近似parentheses 括号arithmetic mean算术平均值proportion 比例weighted average加权平均值permutation 排列geometric mean几何平均数combination 组合exponent指数、蒂table表格base乘雑的底数,底边trigonometric function三角函数cube立方数.立方体unit单位.位square root平方根几倒都含7.所】的有alternate angle内错角corresponding angle同位角vertical angle对顶角centralangle|3|心角interior angle内角exterior angle 外角supplement angles补角complement angle余角adjacent angle邻角acute angle锐角obtuse angle钝角right angle直角round angle 周角straight angle平角included angle夹角2所彳的三角怡equilateral triangle等边三角形scalene triangle不等边三角形isosceles triangle等腰三角形right triangle直角三角形oblique斜三角形inscribed triangle内接三角形彳关就孜的単血田布,险三南彬外semicircle 半圆concentric circles同心圆quadrilateral 四边形pentagon五边形hexagon六边形heptagon t 边形octagon八边形nonagon九边形decagon十边形polygon多边形parallelogram平行四边形equilateral 等边形plane平面square正方形.平方rectangle长方形regular polygoniE多边形rhombus 菱形trapezoid 梯形4.戻它4•面曲弔arc弧line, straight line直线line segment线段parallel lines平行线segment of a circle引R形s.a关或作曲弔cube立方体.立方数rectangular solid长方体regular solid'regular polyhedron 正多面体circular cylinder^柱体cone |S)锥sphere球体solid立体的6名关曲衫上的附属於altitude depth深度side边长circumference, perimeter周长radian弧度surface area 表面积volume体积arm直角三角形的股cross section横截面center of a circle 圆心chord 弦radius半径angle bisectorffj平分线diagonal对角线diameter 直径edge 梭face of a solid立体的面hypotenuse 斜边included side夹边leg三角形的直角边median of a triangle三角形的中线base底边.底数(e.g.2的5次方.2就是底数)opposite直角三角形中的对边midpoint 中点endpoint 端点vertex (复数形式vertices)顶点tangent切线的transversal 截线intercept 截距7. %关殳称coordinate system坐标系rectangular coordinate it 角坐标系origin原点abscissa横坐标ordinate纵坐标number line数轴quadrant 象限slope斜率complex plane复平面球它plane geometry平面几何trigonometry 三角学bisect平分circumscribe 外切inscribe 内切intersect相交perpendicular 垂直Pythagorean tlieorem 勾股定理congruent全等的multilateral 多边的焦距focal length major/minor axis长 / 短轴eccentricity 离心率hyperbola双曲线real axis实轴imaginary axis虚轴asymptote渐近线parabola^ 物线directrix 准线。
高中数学词汇中英文对照
高中数学词汇中英文对照一、代数部分 (Algebra)1. 数学运算equal, is equal to 等于equivalent to 等价于is greater than 大于is lesser than 小于is equal or greater than 大于等于is equal or lesser than 小于等于operator 运算符add, plus 加subtract 减difference 差multiply, times 乘product 积divide 除augend, summand 被加数addend 加数minuend 被减数subtrahend 减数remainder 差multiplicand, faciend 被乘数multiplicator 乘数product 积dividend 被除数divisor 除数quotient 商remainder 余数divisible 可被整除的divided evenly 被整除divisor 因子,除数dividend 被除数factorial 阶乘power 乘方radical sign, root sign 根号factorial 阶乘logarithm 对数exponent 指数,幂power 乘方square 二次方,平方cube 三次方,立方the power of n, the nth power n 次方evolution, extraction 开方square root 二次方根,平方根cube root 三次方根,立方根the root of n, the nth root n次方根2. 数字digit数字number数natural number 自然数integer/whole number 整数positive number 正数negative number 负数positive whole number 正整数negative whole number 负整数consecutive number 连续整数odd integer, odd number 奇数even integer, even number 偶数real number 实数rational number 有理数irrational number 无理数consecutive 连续数inverse / reciprocal 倒数composite number 合数prime number 质数common divisor 公约数multiple 倍数(least) common multiple (最小)公倍数(prime) factor (质)因子common factor 公因子nonnegative 非负的units 个位tens 十位ordinary / decimal scale 十进制binary system 二进制hexadecimal system 十六进制weight, significance 权carry 进位truncation 截尾round to / to the nearest 四舍五入round down 下舍入round up 上舍入significant digit 有效数字insignificant digit 无效数字3. 分数和小数decimal 小数decimal point 小数点fraction 分数numerator 分子denominator 分母proper fraction 真分数improper fraction 假分数common fraction 普通分数mixed number 带分数simple fraction 简分数complex fraction 繁分数(least) common denominator (最小)公分母quarter 四分之一decimal fraction 纯小数infinite decimal 无穷小数recurring decimal 循环小数places位(thousands’ place,hundreds’place,tens’place,units’ place (ones’ digit),tenths’ place,hundredths’place,thousandths’ place.)4. 集合与函数aggregate 集合element 元素void 空集subset 子集union 并集intersection 交集complement 补集proper subset 真子集solution set 解集mapping 映射function 函数domain, field of definition 定义域range 值域constant 常量variable 变量monotonicity 单调性parity 奇偶性periodicity 周期性image 图象5. 代数式、方程和不等式formula, formulae (pl.) 公式monomial 单项式polynomial, multinomial 多项式coefficient 系数equation 等式,方程式unknown, x-factor y-factor, z-factor 未知数simple equation 一次方程quadratic equation 二次方程cubic equation 三次方程quartic equation 四次方程inequation, inequality 不等式algebraic term 代数项like terms, similar terms 同类项literal coefficient 字母系数numerical coefficient 数字系数range 值域factorization 因式分解original equation 原方程equivalent equation 同解方程,等价方程linear equation 线性方程triangle inequality 三角不等式6. 逻辑axiom 公理theorem 定理calculation 计算operation 运算prove 证明hypothesis, hypotheses(pl.)假设proposition 命题arithmetic 算术7. 概率与统计approximate 近似estimation 估计,近似mean 均值mode 众数median 中数variance 方差standard error 标准偏差standard variation 标准方差standard deviation 标准差statistics 统计average 平均数weighted average 加权平均数proportion 比例percent 百分比percentage 百分点percentile 百分位数permutation 排列combination 组合probability 概率distribution 分布normal distribution 正态分布abnormal distribution 非正态分布graph 图表bar graph 条形统计histogram 柱形统计图broken line graph 折线统计图curve diagram 曲线统计图pie diagram 扇形统计图8. 三角函数trigonometry 三角sine 正弦cosine 余弦tangent 正切cotangent 余切secant 正割cosecant 余割arc sine 反正弦arc cosine 反余弦arc tangent 反正切arc cotangent 反余切arc secant 反正割arc cosecant 反余割phase 相位period 周期amplitude 振幅9. 数列arithmetic progression(sequence) 等差数列geometric progression(sequence) 等比数列10. 微积分与线性代数series 数列,级数calculus 微积分differential 微分derivative 导数limit 极限infinite 无穷大infinitesimal 无穷小integral 积分definite integral 定积分indefinite integral 不定积分rational number 有理数irrational number 无理数real number 实数imaginary number 虚数complex number 复数matrix 矩阵determinant 行列式11. 其他direct proportion 正比indirect proportion 反比proportion 比例ratio 比值arithmetic mean 算术平均值geometric mean 几何平均数weighted average 加权平均值exponent 指数,幂base 乘幂的底数,底边powers 幂cube 立方数,立方体square root 平方根cube root 立方根common logarithm 常用对数constant 常数variable 变量inverse function 反函数complementary function 余函数linear 一次的,线性的factorization 因式分解absolute value 绝对值approximate 近似(anti)clockwise (逆)顺时针方向cardinal 基数ordinal 序数direct proportion 正比distinct 不同的estimation 估计,近似parentheses 括号proportion 比例permutation 排列combination 组合table 表格trigonometric function 三角函数unit 单位,位二、几何部分 (Geometry)1. 基本术语point 点line 线plane 面solid 体space 空间segment 线段radial 射线circumference, perimeter 周长surface area 表面积volume 体积line, straight line 直线line segment 线段midpoint 中点endpoint 端点parallel 平行intersect 相交perpendicular 垂直edge 边,棱vertex(复数形式vertices) 顶点length 长width 宽altitude 高depth 深度side 边长tangent 切线的transversal 截线intercept 截距congruent 全等的similar 相似2. 平面图形quadrilateral 四边形pentagon 五边形hexagon 六边形heptagon 七边形octagon 八边形nonagon 九边形decagon 十边形hendecagon 十一边形dodecagon 十二边形polygon 多边形multilateral 多边的equilateral/regular polygon 正多边形parallelogram 平行四边形square 正方形rectangle 矩形rhombus, diamond 菱形trapezoid 梯形right trapezoid 直角梯形isosceles trapezoid 等腰梯形3. 角angle 角degree 角度radian 弧度acute angle 锐角right angle 直角obtuse angle 钝角round angle 周角straight angle 平角included angle 夹角adjacent angle 邻角interior angle 内角exterior angle 外角supplement aryangle 补角complement aryangle 余角alternate angle 内错角corresponding angle 同位角vertical angle 对顶角central angle 圆心角angle bisector 角平分线bisect 平分diagonal 对角线4. 三角形triangle 三角形right triangle 直角三角形acute triangle 锐角三角形obtuse triangle 钝角三角形oblique 斜三角形isosceles triangle 等腰三角形equilateral triangle 等边三角形scalene triangle 不等边三角形incenter 内心excenter 外心escenter 旁心orthocenter 垂心barycenter 重心inscribed triangle 内接三角形hypotenuse 斜边leg 直角边opposite 直角三角形中的对边arm 直角三角形的股median of a triangle 中线included side 夹边altitude (三角形的)高base 底边,底数Pythagorean theorem 勾股定理5. 圆circle 圆形semicircle 半圆concentric circles 同心圆semicircle 半圆concentric circles 同心圆center of a circle 圆心chord 弦diameter 直径radius 半径circumference 圆周长sector 扇形ring 环arc 弧radian 弧度(弧长/半径)segment of a circle 弧形point of tangency 切点inscribe 内切,内接circumscribe 外切,外接6. 立体图形solid 立体的face of a solid 立体的面cube 立方体,立方数tetrahedron 四面体pentahedron 五面体hexahedron 六面体parallelepiped 平行六面体rectangular solid 长方体cube 正方体heptahedron 七面体octahedron 八面体enneahedron 九面体decahedron 十面体hendecahedron 十一面体dodecahedron 十二面体icosahedron 二十面体polyhedron 多面体regular solid/polyhedron 正多面体pyramid 棱锥prism 棱柱frustum of a prism 棱台rotation 旋转axis 轴cone 圆锥cylinder 圆柱frustum of a cone 圆台sphere 球hemisphere 半球cross section 横截面undersurface 底面surface area 表面积7. 解析几何coordinate system 坐标系rectangular coordinate 直角坐标系origin 原点x-axis, y-axis, z-axis 坐标轴abscissa, x-coordinate 横坐标ordinate, y-coordinate 纵坐标number line 数轴quadrant 象限slope 斜率complex plane 复平面hyperbola 双曲线parabola 抛物线ellipse 椭圆locus, loca (pl.) 轨迹。
高中数学术语(中英文)
几何(Geometry)-三角 (Trigonometry)
plane geometry 平面几何 plane 平面 alternate angle 内错角 corresponding angle 同位角 vertical angle 对顶角 supplementary angles 补角 complementary angle 余角 adjacent angle 邻角 right angle 直角 round angle 周角 straight angle 平角 included angle 夹角 central angle 圆心角 interior angle 内角 exterior angle 外角 acute angle 锐角 obtuse angle 钝角 Vertex(复数vertices)顶点 equilateral triangle 等边三角形 scalene triangle 不等边三角形 isosceles triangle 等腰三角形 right triangle 直角三角形 inscribed 内接的,内切的 Circumscribed 外接的,外切的
代数-方程,集合,数列等
algebraic term 代数项 like terms, similar terms 同类项 numerical coefficient 数字系数 literal coefficient 字母系数 inequality 不等式 triangle inequality 三角不等式 domain 定义域 range 值域 original equation 原方程 approximate 近似 (counter) clockwise (逆) 顺时针方 向 direct proportion 正比 reverse proportion 反比 parentheses 园括号 Bracket 中括号 Curly brace/curved bracket 花括号 proportion 等比例
初中数学名词中英文对照
初中数学名词中英文对照一、数学基本名词1. 数学(Mathematics):研究数量、结构、变化以及空间和随机性等概念的一门学科。
2. 数学符号(Mathematical notation):用于表示数学概念、运算、关系和变量的特殊符号或标记。
3. 数(Number):表示数量、大小或顺序的概念。
4. 计算(Computation):使用数学运算符号进行数值计算的过程。
5. 公式(Formula):用符号表示数学关系的语句。
6. 方程(Equation):含有一个或多个未知数的等式。
7. 几何(Geometry):研究空间形状、大小和属性的数学分支。
8. 代数(Algebra):使用符号和变量来表示数值关系和运算的数学分支。
二、数的基本概念1. 自然数(Natural number):从1开始的正整数。
2. 整数(Integer):包括负整数、零和正整数的集合。
3. 有理数(Rational number):可以表示为两个整数的比值的数。
4. 实数(Real number):包括有理数和无理数的集合。
5. 虚数(Imaginary number):表示为实数与虚数单位i的乘积的数。
三、基本运算1. 加法(Addition):将两个或多个数合并为一个数的运算。
2. 减法(Subtraction):从一个数中减去另一个数的运算。
3. 乘法(Multiplication):将两个或多个数相乘的运算。
4. 除法(Division):将一个数分成若干等分的运算。
5. 幂(Exponentiation):将一个数乘以自身若干次的运算。
四、几何形状1. 点(Point):空间中没有大小和形状的位置。
2. 直线(Line):由一组无限延伸的点构成的路径。
3. 面(Surface):由一组相邻的线构成的平坦区域。
4. 角(Angle):由两条射线共享一个端点而形成的图形。
5. 圆(Circle):由等距离于中心的点构成的闭合曲线。
数学名词中英文对照详表(新)
Aabbreviation 简写符号;简写absolute error 绝对误差absolute value 绝对值accuracy 准确度acute angle 锐角acute-angled triangle 锐角三角形add 加addition 加法addition formula 加法公式addition law 加法定律addition law(of probability)(概率)加法定律additive property 可加性adjacent angle 邻角adjacent side 邻边algebra 代数algebraic 代数的algebraic equation 代数方程algebraic expression 代数式algebraic fraction 代数分式;代数分数式algebraic inequality 代数不等式algebraic operation 代数运算alternate angle (交)错角alternate segment 交错弓形altitude 高;高度;顶垂线;高线ambiguous case 两义情况;二义情况amount 本利和;总数analysis 分析;解析analytic geometry 解析几何angle 角angle at the centre 圆心角angle at the circumference 圆周角angle between a line and a plane 直与平面的交角angle between two planes 两平面的交角angle bisection 角平分angle bisector 角平分线;分角线angle in the alternate segment 交错弓形的圆周角angle in the same segment 同弓形内的圆周角angle of depression 俯角angle of elevation 仰角angle of greatest slope 最大斜率的角angle of inclination 倾斜角angle of intersection 相交角;交角angle of rotation 旋转角angle of the sector 扇形角angle sum of a triangle 三角形内角和angles at a point 同顶角annum(X% per annum) 年(年利率X%)anti-clockwise direction 逆时针方向;返时针方向anti-logarithm 逆对数;反对数anti-symmetric 反对称apex 顶点approach 接近;趋近approximate value 近似值approximation 近似;略计;逼近Arabic system 阿刺伯数字系统arbitrary 任意arbitrary constant 任意常数arc 弧arc length 弧长arc-cosine function 反余弦函数arc-sin function 反正弦函数arc-tangent function 反正切函数area 面积arithmetic 算术arithmetic mean 算术平均;等差中顶;算术中顶arithmetic progression 算术级数;等差级数arithmetic sequence 等差序列arithmetic series 等差级数arm 边arrow 前号ascending order 递升序ascending powers of X X 的升幂associative law 结合律assumed mean 假定平均数assumption 假定;假设average 平均;平均数;平均值average speed 平均速率axiom 公理axis 轴axis of parabola 拋物线的轴axis of symmetry 对称轴Bback substitution 回代bar chart 棒形图;条线图;条形图;线条图base (1)底;(2)基;基数base angle 底角base area 底面base line 底线base number 底数;基数base of logarithm 对数的底bearing 方位(角);角方向(角)bell-shaped curve 钟形图bias 偏差;偏倚billion 十亿binary number 二进数binary operation 二元运算binary scale 二进法binary system 二进制binomial 二项式binomial expression 二项式bisect 平分;等分bisection method 分半法;分半方法bisector 等分线;平分线boundary condition 边界条件boundary line 界(线);边界bounded 有界的bounded above 有上界的;上有界的bounded below 有下界的;下有界的bounded function 有界函数brace 大括号bracket 括号breadth 阔度broken line graph 折线图Ccalculation 计算calculator 计算器;计算器cancel 消法;相消canellation law 消去律capacity 容量Cartesian coordinates 笛卡儿坐标Cartesian plane 笛卡儿平面category 类型;范畴central line 中线central tendency 集中趋centre 中心;心centre of a circle 圆心centroid 形心;距心certain event 必然事件chance 机会change of base 基的变换change of subject 主项变换change of variable 换元;变量的换chart 图;图表checking 验算chord 弦chord of contact 切点弦circle 圆circular 圆形;圆的circular function 圆函数;三角函数circular measure 弧度法circumcentre 外心;外接圆心circumcircle 外接圆circumference 圆周circumradius 外接圆半径circumscribed circle 外接圆class 区;组;类class boundary 组界class interval 组区间;组距class limit 组限;区限class mark 组中点;区中点classification 分类clnometer 测斜仪clockwise dirction 顺时针方向closed convex region 闭凸区域closed interval 闭区间coefficient 系数coincide 迭合;重合collection of terms 并项collinear 共线collinear planes 共线面column (1)列;纵行;(2) 柱combination 组合common chord 公弦common denominator 同分母;公分母common difference 公差common divisor 公约数;公约common factor 公因子;公因子common logarithm 常用对数common multiple 公位数;公倍common ratio 公比common tangetn 公切commutative law 交换律comparable 可比较的compass 罗盘compass bearing 罗盘方位角compasses 圆规compasses construction 圆规作图complement 余;补余complementary angle 余角complementary event 互补事件complementary probability 互补概率completing the square 配方complex number 复数complex root 复数根composite number 复合数;合成数compound bar chart 综合棒形图compound discount 复折扣compound interest 复利;复利息computation 计算computer 计算机;电子计算器concave 凹concave downward 凹向下的Ddata 数据decagon 十边形decay 衰变decay factor 衰变因子decimal 小数decimal place 小数位decimal point 小数点decimal system 十进制decrease 递减decreasing function 递减函数;下降函数decreasing sequence 递减序列;下降序列decreasing series 递减级数;下降级数decrement 减量deduce 演绎deduction 推论deductive reasoning 演绎推理definite 确定的;定的distance 距离distance formula 距离公式distinct roots 相异根distincr solution 相异解distribution 公布distrivutive law 分配律divide 除dividend (1)被除数;(2)股息divisible 可整除division 除法division algorithm 除法算式divisor 除数;除式;因子divisor of zero 零因子dodecagon 十二边形dot 点double root 二重根due east/ south/ west /north 向东/ 南/ 西/ 北definiton 定义degree (1)度;(2)次degree of a polynomial 多项式的次数degree of accuracy 准确度degree of precision 精确度delete 删除;删去denary number 十进数denary scale 十进法denary system 十进制denominator 分母dependence (1)相关;(2)应变dependent event(s) 相关事件;相依事件;从属事件dependent variable 应变量;应变数depreciation 折旧descending order 递降序descending powers of X X的降序detached coefficients 分离系数(法) deviation 偏差;变差deviation from the mean 离均差diagonal 对角diagram 图;图表diameter 直径difference 差digit 数字dimension 量;量网;维(数)direct proportion 正比例direct tax, direct taxation 直接税direct variation 正变(分)directed angle 有向角directed number 有向数direction 方向;方位discontinuous 间断(的);非连续(的);不连续(的)discount 折扣discount per cent 折扣百分率discrete 分立;离散discrete data 离散数据;间断数据discriminant 判别式dispersion 离差displacement 位移disprove 反证Eedge 棱;边elimination 消法elimination method 消去法;消元法elongation 伸张;展empirical data 实验数据empirical formula 实验公式empirical probability 实验概率;经验概率enclosure 界限end point 端点entire surd 整方根equal 相等equal ratios theorem 等比定理equal roots 等根equality 等(式) equality sign 等号equation 方程equation in one unknown 一元方程equation in two unknowns (variables) 二元方程equation of a straight line 直线方程equation of locus 轨迹方程equiangular 等角(的)extreme value 极值equidistant 等距(的)equilaeral 等边(的)equilateral polygon 等边多边形equilateral triangle 等边三角形equivalent 等价(的)error 误差escribed circle 旁切圆estimate 估计;估计量Euler's formula 尤拉公式;欧拉公式evaluate 计值even function 偶函数even number 偶数evenly distributed 均匀分布的event 事件exact 真确exact solution 准确解;精确解;真确解exact value 法确解;精确解;真确解example 例excentre 外心exception 例外excess 起exclusive 不包含exclusive events 互斥事件exercise 练习expand 展开expand form 展开式expansion 展式expectation 期望expectation value, expected value 期望值;预期值experiment 实验;试验experimental 试验的experimental probability 实验概率exponent 指数express…in terms of….. 以………表达expression 式;数式extension 外延;延长;扩张;扩充exterior angle 外角external angle bisector 外分角external point of division 外分点extreme point 极值点Fface 面factor 因子;因式;商factor method 因式分解法factor theorem 因子定理;因式定理factorial 阶乘factorization 因子分解;因式分解factorization of polynomial 多项式因式分解FALSE 假(的)feasible solution 可行解;容许解Fermat’s last theorem 费尔马最后定理Fibonacci number 斐波那契数;黄金分割数Fibonacci sequence 斐波那契序列fictitious mean 假定平均数figure (1)图(形);(2)数字finite 有限finite population 有限总体finite sequence 有限序列finite series 有限级数first quartile 第一四分位数first term 首项fixed deposit 定期存款fixed point 定点flow chart 流程图foot of perpendicular 垂足for all X 对所有Xfor each /every X 对每一X form 形式;型formal proof 形式化的证明format 格式;规格formula(formulae) 公式four rules 四则four-figure table 四位数表fourth root 四次方根fraction 分数;分式fraction in lowest term 最简分数fractional equation 分式方程fractional index 分数指数fractional inequality 分式不等式free fall 自由下坠frequency 频数;频率frequency distribution 频数分布;频率分布frequency distribution table 频数分布表frequency polygon 频数多边形;频率多边形frustum 平截头体function 函数function of function 复合函数;迭函数functional notation 函数记号Ggain 增益;赚;盈利gain per cent 赚率;增益率;盈利百分率game (1)对策;(2)博奕general form 一般式;通式general solution 通解;一般解general term 通项geoborad 几何板geometric mean 几何平均数;等比中项geometric progression 几何级数;等比级数geometric sequence 等比序列geometric series 等比级数geometry 几何;几何学given 给定;已知golden section 黄金分割grade 等级gradient (1)斜率;倾斜率;(2)梯度grand total 总计graph 图像;图形;图表graph paper 图表纸graphical method 图解法graphical representation 图示;以图样表达graphical solution 图解greatest term 最大项greatest value 最大值grid lines 网网格线group 组;grouped data 分组数据;分类数据grouping terms 并项;集项growth 增长growth factor 增长因子Hhalf closed interval 半闭区间half open interval 半开区间head 正面(钱币)height 高(度)hemisphere 半球体;半球heptagon 七边形Heron's formula 希罗公式hexagon 六边形higher order derivative 高阶导数highest common factor(H.C.F) 最大公因子;最高公因式;最高公因子Hindu-Arabic numeral 阿刺伯数字histogram 组织图;直方图;矩形图horizontal 水平的;水平horizontal line 横线;水平线hyperbola 双曲线hypotenuse 斜边Iidentical 全等;恒等identity 等(式)identity relation 恒等关系式if and only if/iff 当且仅当;若且仅若if…., then 若….则;如果…..则illustration 例证;说明image 像点;像imaginary circle 虚圆imaginary number 虚数imaginary root 虚根implication 蕴涵式;蕴含式imply 蕴涵;蕴含impossible event 不可能事件improper fraction 假分数inclination 倾角;斜角inclined plane 斜面included angle 夹角included side 夹边inclusive 包含的;可兼的inconsistent 不相的(的);不一致(的) increase 递增;增加increasing function 递增函数interior angles on the same side of the transversal 同旁内角interior opposite angle 内对角internal bisector 内分角internal division 内分割internal point of division 内分点inter-quartile range 四分位数间距intersect 相交intersection (1)交集;(2)相交;(3)交点interval 区间intuition 直观invariance 不变性invariant (1)不变的;(2)不变量;不变式inverse 反的;逆的inverse circular function 反三角函数inverse cosine function 反余弦函数inverse function 反函数;逆函数inverse problem 逆算问题inverse proportion 反比例;逆比例inverse sine function 反正弦函数inverse tangent function 反正切函数inverse variation 反变(分);逆变(分) irrational equation 无理方程irrational number 无理数irreducibility 不可约性irregular 不规则isosceles triangle 等腰三角形increasing sequence 递增序列increasing series 递增级数increment 增量independence 独立;自变independent event 独立事件independent variable 自变量;独立变量indeterminate (1)不定的;(2)不定元;未定元indeterminate coefficient 不定系数;未定系数indeterminate form 待定型;不定型index,indices 指数;指index notation 指数记数法inequality 不等式;不等inequality sign 不等号infinite 无限;无穷infinite population 无限总体infinite sequence 无限序列;无穷序列infinite series 无限级数;无穷级数infinitely many 无穷多infinitesimal 无限小;无穷小infinity 无限(大);无穷(大)initial point 始点;起点initial side 始边initial value 初值;始值input 输入input box 输入inscribed circle 内切圆insertion 插入insertion of brackets 加括号instantaneous 瞬时的integer 整数integral index 整数指数integral solution 整数解integral value 整数值intercept 截距;截段intercept form 截距式intercept theorem 截线定理interchange 互换interest 利息interest rate 利率interest tax 利息税interior angle 内角Jjoint variation 联变(分);连变(分) Kknown 己知LL.H.S. 末项law 律;定律law of indices 指数律;指数定律law of trichotomy 三分律leading coefficient 首项系数least common multiple, lowest common multiple (L.C.M) 最小公倍数;最低公倍式least value 最小值lemma 引理length 长(度)letter 文字;字母like surd 同类根式like terms 同类项limit 极限line 线;行line of best-fit 最佳拟合line of greatest slope 最大斜率的直;最大斜率line of intersection 交线line segment 线段linear 线性;一次linear equation 线性方程;一次方程linear equation in two unknowns 二元一次方程;二元线性方程linear inequality 一次不等式;线性不等式linear programming 线性规划literal coefficient 文字系数literal equation 文字方程load 负荷loaded coin 不公正钱币loaded die 不公正骰子locus, loci 轨迹logarithm 对数logarithmic equation 对数方程logarithmic function 对数函数logic 逻辑logical deduction 逻辑推论;逻辑推理logical step 逻辑步骤long division method 长除法loss 赔本;亏蚀loss per cent 赔率;亏蚀百分率lower bound 下界lower limit 下限lower quartile 下四分位数lowest common multiple(L.C.M) 最小公倍数Mmagnitude 量;数量;长度;大小major arc 优弧;大弧major axis 长轴major sector 优扇形;大扇形major segment 优弓形;大弓形mantissa 尾数mantissa of logarithm 对数的尾数;对数的定值部many-sided figure 多边形marked price 标价mathematical induction 数学归纳法mathematical sentence 数句mathematics 数学maximize 极大maximum absolute error 最大绝对误差maximum point 极大点maximum value 极大值mean 平均(值);平均数;中数mean deviation 中均差;平均偏差measure of dispersion 离差的量度measurement 量度median (1)中位数;(2)中线meet 相交;相遇mensuration 计量;求积法method 方法method of completing square 配方法method of substitution 代换法;换元法metric unit 十进制单位mid-point 中点mid-point formula 中点公式mid-point theorem 中点定理million 百万minimize 极小minimum point 极小点minimum value 极小值minor (1)子行列式;(2)劣;较小的minor arc 劣弧;小弧minor axis 短轴minor sector 劣扇形;小扇形minor segment 劣弓形;小弓形minus 减minute 分mixed number(fraction) 带分数modal class 众数组mode 众数model 模型monomial 单项式multinomial 多项式multiple 倍数multiple root 多重根multiplicand 被乘数multiplication 乘法multiplication law (of probability) (概率)乘法定律multiplicative property 可乘性multiplier 乘数;乘式multiply 乘mutually exclusive events 互斥事件mutually independent 独立; 互相独立mutually perpendicular lines 互相垂直Nn factorial n阶乘n th root n次根;n次方根natural number 自然数negative 负negative angle 负角negative index 负指数negative integer 负整数negative number 负数neighborhood 邻域net 净(值)n-gon n边形nonagon 九边形non-collinear 不共线non-linear 非线性non-linear equation 非线性方程non-negative 非负的non-trivial 非平凡的non-zero 非零normal (1)垂直的;正交的;法线的(2)正态的(3)正常的;正规的normal curve 正态分记伲怀1分记伲徽媲伲徽忧?normal distribution 正态分布,常态分布normal form 法线式notation 记法;记号number 数number line 数线number pair 数偶number pattern 数型number plane 数平面number system 数系numeral 数字;数码numeral system 记数系统numerator 分子numerical 数值的;数字的numerical expression 数字式numerical method 计算方法;数值法Ooblique 斜的oblique cone 斜圆锥oblique triangle 斜三角形obtuse angle 钝角obtuse-angled triangle 钝角三角形octagon 八边形octahedron 八面体odd function 奇函数odd number 奇数one-one correspondence 一一对应open interval 开区间open sentence 开句operation 运算opposite angle 对角opposite interior angle 内对角opposite side 对边optimal solution 最优解order (1)序;次序;(2)阶;级ordered pair 序偶origin 原点outcome 结果output 输出overlap 交迭;相交Pparabola 拋物线parallel 平行(的)parallel lines 平行(直线) parallelogram 平行四边形parameter 参数;参变量partial fraction 部分分数;分项分式polar coordinate system 极坐标系统polar coordinates 极坐标pole 极polygon 多边形polyhedron 多面体polynomial 多项式polynomial equation 多项式方程positive 正positive index 正指数positive integer 正整数positive number 正数power (1)幂;乘方;(2)功率;(3)检定力precise 精密precision 精确度prime 素prime factor 质因子;质因素prime number 素数;质数primitive (1)本原的;原始的;(2)原函数principal (1)主要的;(2)本金prism 梭柱(体);角柱(体)prismoid 平截防庾短?probability 概率problem 应用题produce 延长product 乘积;积product rule 积法则profit 盈利profit per cent 盈利百分率profits tax 利得税progression 级数proof 证(题);证明proper fraction 真分数property 性质property tax 物业税proportion 比例proportional 成比例protractor 量角器pyramid 棱锥(体);角锥(体) Pythagoras’Theorem 勾股定理Pythagorean triplet 毕氏三元数组partial sum 部分和partial variation 部分变(分) particular solution 特解Pascal’s triangle 帕斯卡斯三角形pattern 模型;规律pegboard 有孔版pentadecagon 十五边形pentagon 五边形per cent 百分率percentage 百分法;百分数percentage decrease 百分减少percentage error 百分误差percentage increase 百分增加percentile 百分位数perfect number 完全数perfecr square 完全平方perimeter 周长;周界period 周期periodic function 周期函数permutation 排列perpendicular 垂线;垂直(于) perpendicular bisector 垂直平分线;中垂线perpendicular line 垂直线pictogram 象形图pie chart 饼图;圆瓣图pinboard 钉板place holder 补位数字place value 位值plan (1)平面图;(2)计划plane 平面plane figure 平面图形plot 绘图plus 加point 点point circle 点圆point of contact 切点point of division 分点point of intersection 交点point-slope form 点斜式polar axis 极轴polar coordinate plane 极坐标平面polar coordinate 极坐标系统Qquadrant 象限quadratic equation 二次方程(式) quadratic formula 二次公式quardratic function 二次函数quadratic inequality 二次不等式quadratic polynomial 四边形quantity 数量quartile 四分位数quotient 商;商式RR.H.S 右radian 弧度radian measure 弧度法radical 根式;根号;根数radius, radii 半径random 随机random experiment 随机试验random number 随机数range 值域;区域;范围;极差;分布域rate 率;利率ratio 比; 比率rational expression 有理式;有理数式rational function 有理函数rational index 有理数指数rational number 有理数rationalization 有理化raw data 原始数据raw score 原始分(数)real axis 实轴real number 实数real root 实根reason 理由reciprocal 倒数rectangle 长方形;矩形rectangular block 长方体rectangular coordinate plane 直角坐标平面rectangular coordinates 直角坐rectilinear figure 直线图形recurrent 循环的recurring decimal 循环小数reduce 简化reducible 可约的;可化简的reference angle 参考角reflex angle 优角;反角region 区域regular 正;规则regular polygon 正多边形reject 舍去;否定relation 关系;关系式relative error 相对误差remainder 余数;余式;剩余remainder term 余项remainder theorem 余式定理removal of brackets 撤括号;去括号repeated trials 重复试验resolve 分解revolution 旋转;周转rhombus 菱形right angle 直角right circular cone 直立圆锥(体)right circular cylinder 直立圆柱(体)right prism 直立棱柱;直立角柱(体) right pyramid 直立棱锥;直立角锥(体) right-angled triangle 直角二角形root 根rotation 旋转round angle 周角rounded number 舍数rounding(off) 舍入;四舍五入row 行;棋行rule 规则;法(则)ruler 直尺Ssalaries tax 俸税sample 抽样;样本sample space 样本空间satisfy 满足;适合scale 比例尺;标度;图尺scalene triangle 不等边三角形;不规则三角形scientific notation 科学记数法solution of triangle 三角形解法solve 解special angle 特殊角;特别角speed 速率sphere 球形;球面square (1)平方;(2)正方形square bracket 方括号square number 正方形数;平方数square root 平方根;二次根standard deviation 标准差;标准偏离secant 割second 秒second quartile 第二四分位数(1)截面;截线;(2)截点section (1)截面;截线;(2)截点section formula 截点公式sector 扇式segment 段;节segment of a circle 弓形selling price 售价semi-circle 半圆semi-vertical angle 半顶角sentence 句;语句sequence 序列series 级数set square 三角尺;三角板shaded portion 有阴影部分shape 形状side 边;侧sign 符号;记号signed number 有符号数significant figure 有效数字similar 相似similar figures 相似图形similar triangles 相似三角形similarity 相似(性)simple equation 简易方程simple interest 单利;单利息simplify 简化simultaneous equations 联立方程simultaneous inequalities 联立不等式simultaneous linear equations in two unknowns 联合二次线性方程式sine 正弦sine formula 正弦公式slant edge 斜棱slant height 斜高slope 斜率;斜度;倾斜;坡度slope-intercept form 斜率截距式;斜截式solid 立体;固体soild with uniform corss-section 有均匀横切面的立体solution 解;解法solution of equation 方程解Uuniform 一致(的);均匀(的)uniform cross-section 均匀横切面uniform speed 匀速率uniformly distributed 均匀分布unique solution 唯一解uniqueness 唯一性unit 单位unit area 单位面积unit circle 单位圆unit volume 单位体积unknown 未知数;未知量unlike 异类项upper bound 上界upper limit 上限upper quartile 上四分位数Vvalue 值variable 变项;变量;元;变元;变数variable speed 可变速率variance 方差variation 变数;变分verify 证明;验证vertex, vertices 顶(点);极点vertical 铅垂;垂直vertical angle 顶角vertical line 纵线;铅垂vertically opposite angles 对顶角volume 体积Wweight (1)重量;(2)权weighted average, weighted mean 加权平均数whole number 整数;完整数width 阔度without loss of generality 不失一般性Xx-axis x轴x-coordinate x坐标x-intercept x轴截距Yy-axis y轴y-coordinate y坐标y-intercept y轴截距Zzero 零zero factor 零因子zeros of a function 函数零值统计学population 母体sample 样本census 普查sampling 抽样quantitative 量的qualitative/categorical 质的discrete 离散的continuous 连续的population parameters 母体参数sample statistics 样本统计量descriptive statistics 叙述统计学inferential/inductive statistics 推论/归纳统计学levels of measurement 衡量尺度nominal scale 名目尺度ordinal scale 顺序尺度interval scale 区间尺度ratio scale 比例尺度frequency distribution 次数分配relative frequency 相对次数range 全距class midpoint 组中点class limits 组限class boundaries 组界class width 组距cumulative frequency (以下) 累加次数decumulative frequency 以上累加次数histogram 直方图pie chart 饼图ogive 肩形图frequency polygon 多边形图cumulative frequency polygon 累加次数多边形图box plot 盒须图stem and leaf plot 枝叶图measures of central tendency 中央趋势量数mean 平均数median 中位数mode 众数location measures 位置量数percentile 百分位数quartile 四分位数decile 十分位数dispersion measures 分散量数range 全距interquartile-range IQR 四分位距mean absolute deviation 平均绝对离差variance 变异数standard deviation 标准差coefficient of variation 变异系数left-skewed 左偏negative-skewed 负偏right-skewed 右偏positive-skewed 正偏contingency table 列联表sampling distribution (of a statistic)(某个统计量的) 抽样分布point estimate 点估计值point estimator 点估计式unbiased estimator 不偏点估计式efficient estimator 有效点估计式consistent estimator 一致点估计式confidence level 信赖水准confidence interval 信赖区间null hypothesis 虚无假设alternative hypothesis 对立假设left-tailed test 左尾检定right-tailed test 右尾检定two-tailed test 双尾检定test statistic 检定统计量critical value 临界值。
数学名词中英文对照大全
数学名词中英文对照大全分析篇:柯西收敛准则Cauchy's test for convergence极限limit一致连续uniform continuity初等函数elementary function导函数derived function高阶微分differential of high order拉格朗日定理lagrange theorem柯西中值定理Cauchy mean value theorem泰勒公式Taylor's formula凸函数convex function凹函数concave function上极限upper limit下极限inferior limit曲率curvature定积分definite integral不定积分indefinite integral偏导数partial derivative欧拉积分Euler's integral重积分double integral切平面tangent plane隐函数implicit function代数篇:不可约元irreducible element布尔环Boolean ring单射injection双射bijection分式域fraction field满射suejection幂等元idempotent幂零元nilpotent element逆映射inverse满秩full rank商域quotient field素元prime element维数dimension无限扩张infinite extension有限扩张finite extension原象inverse image真子群proper subgroup值域codomain映射mapping理想ideal概率论与数理统计篇:数理统计the mathematical statistics样本book of samples抽样分布sampling distribution抽样正态分布sampling normal distribution抽样分布方差sampling variance随即抽样分布random sampling distribution特征函数characteristic function泊松分布porsson distribution矩法估计estimates of moment method极大似然估计maximum likelihood estimation区间估计interval estimation均匀分布uniform distribution密度函数density function回归分析regression analysis方差分析analysis of variance假设检验hypothesis testing贝叶斯统计Bayes statistics相关系数correiation coefficient协方差covariance样本矩sample moment数论篇:整除aliquot带余除法 belt -odd division最大公因数most grand duke factor最小公倍数least common multiple number质数prime number不定方程indefinite equation费马大定理Fermat’s last theorem同余congruence。
初中数学名词中英文对照
文档收集于互联网,已重新整理排版.word版本可编辑.欢迎下载支持.初中数学英语名词positive['pɑzətɪv]number正数negative ['nɛgətɪv] number 负数rational ['ræʃən!] number 有理数number axis ['æksɪs]数轴origin ['ɔrədʒɪn]原点opposite ['ɑpəzɪt] number 相反数absolute ['ɑpəzɪt] value ['vælju]绝对值power ['pauɚ]乘方,幂base number底数exponent[ɪk'sponənt]指数approximate [ə'prɑksəmɪt] number近似数significant [sɪg'nɪfəkənt] digit 有效数字monomial [mə'nomɪəl]单项式coefficient [,koɪ'fɪʃənt]系数degree of a monomial 单项式的次数polynomial [,pɑlɪ'nomɪəl]多项式term [tɝm]项constant ['kɑnstənt] term 常数项degree of a polynomial [,pɑlɪ'nomɪəl]多项式次数equation ['kɑnstənt]方程integral ['ɪntəgrəl] expression [ɪk'sprɛʃən]整式solution [sə'luʃən]解linear ['lɪnɪɚ] equation [ɪ'kweʃən] with one unknown 一元一次方程net 展开图geometric [dʒɪə'mɛtrɪk]figure ['fɪgjɚ]几何图形solid ['sɑlɪd] figure ['fɪgjɚ]立体图形plane figure ['kɑnstənt]平面图形solid ['sɑlɪd]体line 线surface['sɝfɪs]面point 点intersection [,ɪntɚ'sɛkʃən]相交point of intersection 焦点center 中点angle['æŋg!]角distance 距离angular['æŋgjəlɚ] dissector 角平分线complementary [,kɑmplə'mɛntərɪ] angle 余角degree 度supplementary [,sʌplə'mɛntəri] angle 补角congruent ['kɑŋgruənt] figures 全等形symmetric[sɪ'mɛtrɪk] figure 轴对称图形congruent triangles ['traɪ,æŋg!]全等三角形axis of symmetry ['sɪmɪtrɪ]对称轴symmetric points对称点radicand['rædə,kænd]被开方数perpendicular [,pɝpən'dɪkjəlɚ] bisector[baɪ'sɛktɚ]垂直平分线graph[græf]图象isosceles [aɪ'sɑs!,iz] triangle等腰三角形variable['vɛrɪəb!]变量equilateral [,ikwɪ'lætərəl] triangle 等边三角形constant['kɑnstənt]常量arithmetic [ə'rɪθmətɪk] square [skwɛr] root算术平方根real number实数square root平方根/二次方根extraction [ɪk'strækʃən] of square root开平方cube [kjub] root 立方根/三次方根extraction of cube root 开立方radical ['rædɪk!] exponent [ɪk'sponənt]根指数irrational [ɪ'ræʃən!] number无理数function['fʌŋkʃən]函数independent [,ɪndɪ'pɛndənt] variable自变量proportional [prə'porʃən!] function 正比例函数linear ['lɪnɪɚ] function 一次函数formula ['fɔrmjələ] for the difference of squares平方差公式factoring ['fæktɚ]因式分解formula for the square of the sum 完全平方公式common ['kɑmən] factor ['fæktɚ]公因式adjacent [ə'dʒesənt] angles on a straight [stret] line 邻补角vertical ['vɝtɪk!]angles 对顶角perpendicular [,pɝpən'dɪkjəlɚ]垂直corresponding [,kɔrɪ'spɑndɪŋ] angles 同位角perpendicular line 垂线alternate ['ɔltɚnɪt] interior [ɪn'tɪrɪɚ] angles 内错角foot of a perpendicular 垂足interior angles on the same side 同旁内角parallel ['pærə,lɛl]平行proposition [,prɑpə'zɪʃən]命题theorem['θiərəm]定理translation [træns'leʃən]平移ordered pair 有序数对rectangular [rɛk'tæŋgjəlɚ] coordinate [ko'ɔrdnet] system ['sɪstəm]平面直角坐标系x-axis ['æksɪs] x轴y-axis y轴coordinate 座标quadrant ['kwɑdrənt]象限triangle 三角形altitude ['æltə,tjud]高median ['midɪən]中线bisector [baɪ'sɛktɚ] of angle 角平分线polygon ['pɑlɪ,gɑn]多边形diagonal [daɪ'ægən!]对角线regular ['rɛgjəlɚ] polygon 正多边形linear equation of two unknown 二元一次方程system of linear equation of two unknown 二元一次方程组bar graph 条形图substitution [,sʌbstə'tjuʃən] method ['mɛθəd]代入法inequality [ɪnɪ'kwɑlətɪ]不等式addition [ə'dɪʃən] - substitution method加减法solution [sə'luʃən] set 解集linear equality [i'kwɑlətɪ] of one unknown二元一次不等式statistic [stə'tɪstɪk]统计学system of linear equality of one unknown二元一次不等式组pie chart [tʃɑrt]扇形图sampling ['sæmplɪŋ] survey 抽样调查histogram ['hɪstə,græm]直方图population [,pɑpjə'leʃən]总体individual [,ɪndə'vɪdʒuəl]个体sample ['sæmp!]样本sample size [saɪz]样本容量simple random ['rændəm] sampling ['sæmplɪŋ]简单随机抽样frequency ['frikwənsɪ] distribution [,dɪstrə'bjuʃən]频数分布fraction in lowest terms 最简分数reduction [rɪ'dʌkʃən] of a fraction 约分changing factions to a common denominator [dɪ'nɑmə,netɚ]通分fractional equation 分式方程fraction ['frækʃən]分式inverse [ɪn'vɝs] proportional [prə'porʃən!] function ['fʌŋkʃən]反比例函数hyperbola [haɪ'pɝbələ]双曲线parallelogram [,pærə'lɛlə,græm]平行四边形rectangle [rɛk'tæŋg!]矩形rhombus ['rɑmbəs]菱形square [skwɛr]正方形trapezium [trə'pizɪəm]梯形isosceles [aɪ'sɑs!,iz] trapezium 等腰梯形barycenter 重心weighted ['wetɪd] average ['ævərɪdʒ]加权平均数weight 全median ['midɪən]中位数mode [mod]众数range [rendʒ]极差variance ['vɛrɪəns]方差quadratic [kwɑd'rætɪk function 二次函数similar figures ['fɪgjɚ]相似图形similar polygons ['pɑlɪ,gɑn z]相似多边形proportional segments ['sɛgmənt]比例函数homothetic figures 位似图形sine [saɪn]正弦(sin)cosine ['kosaɪn]余弦(cos)tangent ['tændʒənt]正切(tan)trigonometric [,trɪgənə'mɛtrɪk] function of acute angle 锐角三角形projection [prə'dʒɛkʃən]投影parallel ['pærə,lɛl] projection 平行投影center projection 中心投影view [vju]视图algebraic [,ældʒə'breɪk] expression 代数式rotation [ro'teʃən]旋转quadratic [kwɑd'rætɪk] equation in one unknow一元二次方程root 根centeral symmetry ['sɪmɪtrɪ] figure中心对称circle ['sɝk!]圆center of a circle 圆心radius['redɪəs]半径chord [kɔrd]弦diameter [daɪ'æmətɚ]直径arc [ɑrk]弧semi ['sɛmɪ] -circle 半圆centeral angle 圆心角angle in a circular segment ['sɛgmənt]圆周角circumcircle 外接圆circumcenter 外心tangent ['tændʒənt] line切线inscribed circle 内切圆incenter 内心random ['rændəm] event [ɪ'vɛnt]随机事件proability概率tree diagram ['daɪə,græm]树形图数学mathematics, maths(BrE), math(AmE) 公理axiom 定理theorem计算calculation 运算operation 证明prove 假设hypothesis, hypotheses(pl.)命题proposition 算术arithmetic 加plus(prep.), add(v.), addition(n.)被加数augend, summand 加数addend 和sum减minus(prep.),subtract(v.), subtraction(n.) 被减数minuend 减数subtrahend差remainder 乘times(prep.), multiply(v.), multiplication(n.)被乘数multiplicand, faciend 乘数multiplicator 积product除divided by(prep.), divide(v.), division(n.) 被除数dividend除数divisor 商quotient 等于equals, is equal to, is equivalent to大于is greater than 小于is lesser than 大于等于is equal or greater than小于等于is equal or lesser than 运算符operator平均数mean 算术平均数arithmatic mean几何平均数geometric mean n个数之积的n次方根倒数(reciprocal)x的倒数为1/x 有理数rational number无理数irrational number 实数real number虚数imaginary number 数字digit数number 自然数natural number 整数integer小数decimal 小数点decimal point 分数fraction分子numerator 分母denominator 比ratio正positive 负negative 零null, zero, nought, nil十进制decimal system 二进制binary system 十六进制hexadecimal system权weight, significance 进位carry 截尾truncation 四舍五入round 下舍入round down 上舍入round up 有效数字significant digit无效数字insignificant digit 代数algebra 公式formula, formulae(pl.)单项式monomial 多项式polynomial, multinomial 系数coefficient未知数unknown, x-factor, y-factor, z-factor 等式,方程式equation一次方程simple equation 二次方程quadratic equation三次方程cubic equation 四次方程quartic equation不等式inequation 阶乘factorial对数logarithm 指数,幂exponent 乘方power二次方,平方square 三次方,立方cube四次方the power of four, the fourth powern次方the power of n, the nth power开方evolution, extraction 二次方根,平方根square root三次方根,立方根cube root 四次方根the root of four, the fourth root n次方根the root of n, the nth root sqrt(2)=1.414sqrt(3)=1.732 sqrt(5)=2.236 常量constant 变量variable坐标系coordinates 坐标轴x-axis, y-axis, z-axis 横坐标x-coordinate 纵坐标y-coordinate 原点origin 象限quadrant截距(有正负之分)intercede (方程的)解solution几何geometry 点point 线line 面plane 体solid线段segment 射线radial 平行parallel 相交intersect角angle 角度degree 弧度radian锐角acute angle 直角right angle 钝角obtuse angle平角straight angle 周角perigon 底base边side 高height 三角形triangle 锐角三角形acute triangle 直角三角形right triangle 直角边leg 斜边hypotenuse勾股定理Pythagorean theorem 钝角三角形obtuse triangle不等边三角形scalene triangle 等腰三角形isosceles triangle等边三角形equilateral triangle 四边形quadrilateral平行四边形parallelogram 矩形rectangle长length 宽width 周长perimeter 面积area相似similar 全等congruent 三角trigonometry 正弦sine 余弦cosine 正切tangent 余切cotangent正割secant 余割cosecant 反正弦arc sine反余弦arc cosine反正切arc tangent反余切arc cotangent反正割arc secant反余割arc cosecant子集subset补充:集合aggregate元素element交集intersection并集union空集void补集complement映射mapping函数function定义域domain, field of definition值域range单调性monotonicity奇偶性parity周期性periodicity图象image数列,级数series微积分calculus微分differential导数derivative极限limit无穷大infinite(a.) infinity(n.) 无穷小infinitesimal积分integral定积分definite integral不定积分indefinite integral复数complex number矩阵matrix行列式determinant圆circle圆心centre(BrE), center(AmE) 半径radius直径diameter圆周率pi弧arc半圆semicircle扇形sector环ring椭圆ellipse圆周circumference轨迹locus, loca(pl.)多面体polyhedron旋转rotation轴axis球sphere半球hemisphere底面undersurface表面积surface area体积volume空间space双曲线hyperbola抛物线parabola正方形square梯形trapezoid直角梯形right trapezoid等腰梯形isosceles trapezoid 多边形polygon正多边形equilateral polygon 相位phase周期period统计statistics平均数average加权平均数weighted average方差variance标准差root-mean-square deviation, standard deviation 比例propotion百分比percent百分点percentage百分位数percentile排列permutation组合combination概率,或然率probability分布distribution正态分布normal distribution非正态分布abnormal distribution图表graph条形统计图bar graph柱形统计图histogram折线统计图broken line graph曲线统计图curve diagram扇形统计图pie diagram。
精选--初中数学名词优选中英文对照
初中数学英语名词positive ['p ɑ z?t?v]number 正数negative ['n ?g?t?v] number 负数rational ['r? ??n!] number 有理数number axis ['? ks ?s] 数轴origin [' ?r?d ??n] 原点opposite [' ɑ p?z?t] number 相反数absolute [' ɑ p?z?t]value ['v? lju] 绝对值power ['pau ? ] 乘方,幂base number 底数exponent [?k'spon ?nt] 指数approximate [?'pr ɑ ks?m?t] number 近似数significant [s?g'n ?f?k ?nt] digit 有效数字monomial [m ?'nom ??l] 单项式coefficient [,ko ?'f ???nt] 系数degree of a monomial 单项式的次数polynomial [,p ɑ l?'nom??l] 多项式term [t ? m] 项constant ['k ɑ nst?nt] term 常数项degree of a polynomial [,p ɑ l?'nom??l] 多项式次数equation ['k ɑ nst?nt] 方程integral [' ?nt ?gr ?l] expression [ ?k'spr ???n] 整式solution [s ?'lu ??n] 解linear ['l ?n?? ] equation [ ?'kwe ??n] with one unknown 一元一次方程net 睁开图geometric [d ???'m ?tr ?k] figure ['f ?gj ? ] 几何图形solid ['s ɑ l?d]figure ['f ?gj ? ] 立体图形plane figure ['k ɑ nst?nt] 平面图形solid ['s ɑ l?d]体line 线surface ['s ? f?s] 面point 点intersection [, ?nt ? 's?k ??n] 订交point of intersection 焦点center 中点angle ['??g!] 角distance 距离angular ['??gj? l? ] dissector 角均分线complementary [,k ɑ mpl?'m?nt?r?] angle 余角degree 度supplementary [,s ?pl ?'m ?nt ?ri] angle 补角congruent ['k ɑ ?gru?nt] figures全等形symmetric [s?'m ?tr ?k] figure轴对称图形congruent triangles ['tra ?,??g!] 全等三角形axis of symmetry ['s ?m ?tr ?] 对称轴symmetric points 对称点radicand ['r? d ?,k? nd] 被开方数perpendicular [,p ? p?n'd ?kj ?l? ] bisector [ba ?'s?kt ? ]垂直均分线graph [gr? f] 图象isosceles [a ?'s ɑ s!,iz] triangle 等腰三角形variable ['v ?r??b!] 变量equilateral [,ikw ?'l? t ?r ?l] triangle 等边三角形constant ['k ɑ nst?nt]常量arithmetic [?'r ?θ m?t?k] square [skw ?r] root 算术平方根real number 实数square root 平方根 / 二次方根extraction [ ?k'str? k??n] of square root 开平方cube [kjub] root 立方根 / 三次方根extraction of cube root 开立方radical ['r? d ?k!] exponent [?k'spon ?nt] 根指数irrational [?'r? ??n!] number 无理数function ['f ??k?? n] 函数independent [,?nd ?'p ?nd ?nt] variable 自变量proportional [pr ?'por ??n!] function 正比率函数linear ['l ?n ?? ] function 一次函数formula ['f ?rmj ?l ?] for the difference of squares 平方差公式factoring ['f? kt ? ] 因式分解formula for the square of the sum 完整平方公式common ['k ɑm?n] factor ['f? kt ? ] 公因式adjacent [ ?'d ?es?nt] angles on a straight [stret] line 邻补角vertical ['v ? t?k!] angles 对顶角perpendicular [,p ? p ?n'd ?kj ?l? ] 垂直corresponding [,k ?r ?'sp ɑ nd??]angles 同位角perpendicular line 垂线alternate [' ?lt ? n ?t] interior [?n't ?r?? ] angles 内错角foot of a perpendicular 垂足interior angles on the same side 同旁内角parallel ['p? r?,l?l] 平行proposition [,pr ɑ p?'z???n] 命题theorem [' θri?m] 定理translation [tr? ns'le ??n] 平移ordered pair 有序数对rectangular [r ?k't??gj? l? ] coordinate [ko' ?rdnet] system ['s ?st ?m] 平面直角坐标系x-axis ['? ks ?s] x 轴y-axis y 轴coordinate 座标quadrant ['kw ɑ dr?nt] 象限triangle 三角形altitude ['? lt ?,tjud] 高median ['mid ??n] 中线bisector [ba ?'s?kt ? ] of angle 角均分线polygon ['p ɑ l?,g ɑ多n]边形diagonal [da ?'? g?n!] 对角线regular ['r ?gj ?l? ] polygon 正多边形linear equation of two unknown 二元一次方程system of linear equation of two unknown 二元一次方程组bar graph 条形图substitution [,s ?bst ?'tju ??n] method ['m ?θ?d] 代入法 inequality [ ?n ?'kw ɑ l?t?]不等式addition [?'d ???n] - substitution method 加减法solution [s?'lu ??n] set 解集linear equality [i'kw ɑ l?t?]of one unknown二元一次不等式statistic [st ?'t ?st ?k] 统计学system of linear equality of one unknown 二元一次不等式组pie chart [t ?ɑrt] 扇形图sampling ['s? mpl ??] survey 抽样检查histogram ['h ?st ?,gr? m] 直方图population [,p ɑ pj?'le??n] 整体individual [, ?nd ?'v?d?u?l] 个体sample ['s? mp!] 样本sample size [sa ?z] 样本容量simple random ['r? nd ?m] sampling ['s? mpl ??] 简单随机抽样frequency ['frikw ?ns ?] distribution [,d ?str ?'bju ??n] 频数散布fraction in lowest terms 最简分数reduction [r ?'d ?k ??n] of a fraction 约分changing factions to a common denominator [d ?'n ɑm?,net?] 通分fractional equation 分式方程fraction ['fr? k ??n] 分式inverse [ ?n'v ? s] proportional [pr ?'por ??n!] function ['f ??k?? n] 反比率函数hyperbola [ha ?'p ? b ?l ?] 双曲线parallelogram [,p? r?'l ?l ?,gr? m] 平行四边形rectangle [r ?k't??g!] 矩形rhombus ['r ɑ mb?s] 菱形square [skw ?r] 正方形trapezium [tr ?'piz ??m] 梯形isosceles [a ?'s ɑ s!,iz] trapezium 等腰梯形barycenter 重心weighted ['wet ?d] average ['? v?r?d?] 加权均匀数weight 全median ['mid ??n] 中位数mode [mod] 众数range [rend ?] 极差variance ['v ?r??ns] 方差quadratic [kw ɑ d'r?t?k function 二次函数similar figures ['f ?gj ? ] 相像图形similar polygons ['p ɑ l?,g z]ɑn相像多边形 proportional segments ['s ?gm ?nt] 比率函数homothetic figures 位似图形sine [sa ?n] 正弦(sin )cosine ['kosa ?n] 余弦( cos )tangent ['t? nd ??nt] 正切( tan )trigonometric [,tr ?g?n?'m ?tr ?k] function of acute angle 锐角三角形projection [pr ?'d ??k??n] 投影parallel ['p? r?,l ?l] projection 平行投影center projection 中心投影view [vju] 视图algebraic [,? ld ??'bre ?k] expression 代数式rotation [ro'te ??n] 旋转quadratic [kw ɑ d'r?t?k ] equation in one unknow 一元二次方程root 根centeral symmetry ['s ?m ?tr ?] figure 中心对称circle ['s ? k!] 圆center of a circle 圆心radius ['red ??s] 半径chord [k ?rd] 弦diameter [da ?'? m ?t? ] 直径arc [ɑ rk]弧semi ['s ?m ?] -circle 半圆centeral angle 圆心角angle in a circular segment ['s ?gm ?nt] 圆周角circumcircle 外接圆circumcenter 外心tangent ['t? nd ??nt] line 切线inscribed circle 内切圆incenter 心里random ['r? nd ?m] event [ ?'v?nt] 随机事件proability 概率tree diagram ['da ??,gr? m] 树形图数学mathematics, maths(BrE), math(AmE) 公义axiom 定理theorem计算calculation 运算operation 证明prove 假设hypothesis, hypotheses(pl.)命题proposition 算术arithmetic 加plus(prep.), add(v.), addition(n.)被加数augend, summand 加数addend 和 sum减minus(prep.),subtract(v.), subtraction(n.) 被减数 minuend 减数 subtrahend差remainder乘times(prep.), multiply(v.), multiplication(n.)被乘数 multiplicand, faciend 乘数 multiplicator 积 product除 divided by(prep.), divide(v.), division(n.) 被除数 dividend除数 divisor 商 quotient 等于 equals, is equal to, is equivalent to大于 is greater than 小于 is lesser than 大于等于 is equal or greater than小于等于 is equal or lesser than 运算符 operator均匀数 mean 算术均匀数 arithmatic mean几何均匀数 geometric mean n个数之积的 n 次方根倒数( reciprocal) x 的倒数为 1/x 有理数 rational number无理数 irrational number 实数 real number虚数 imaginary number 数字 digit数 number 自然数 natural number 整数 integer小数 decimal 小数点 decimal point 分数 fraction分子 numerator 分母 denominator 比 ratio正 positive 负 negative 零 null, zero, nought, nil十进制 decimal system 二进制 binary system 十六进制 hexadecimal system 权 weight, significance 进位 carry 截尾 truncation 四舍五入 round 下舍入 round down 上舍入 round up 有效数字 significant digit无效数字 insignificant digit 代数 algebra 公式 formula, formulae(pl.)单项式 monomial 多项式 polynomial, multinomial 系数 coefficient未知数 unknown, x-factor, y-factor, z-factor 等式,方程式 equation一次方程 simple equation 二次方程 quadratic equation三次方程 cubic equation 四次方程 quartic equation不等式 inequation 阶乘 factorial对数 logarithm 指数,幂 exponent 乘方 power二次方,平方 square 三次方,立方 cube四次方 the power of four, the fourth powern 次方 the power of n, the nth power开方 evolution, extraction 二次方根,平方根 square root三次方根,立方根 cube root 四次方根 the root of four, the fourth root n 次方根 the root of n, the nth root sqrt(2)=1.414sqrt(3)=1.732 sqrt(5)=2.236 常量 constant 变量 variable坐标系 coordinates 坐标轴 x-axis, y-axis, z-axis 横坐标 x-coordinate 纵坐标 y-coordinate 原点 origin 象限 quadrant截距 (有正负之分 )intercede (方程的)解 solution几何 geometry 点 point 线 line 面 plane 体 solid线段 segment 射线 radial 平行 parallel 订交 intersect角 angle 角度 degree 弧度 radian锐角 acute angle 直角 right angle 钝角 obtuse angle平角 straight angle 周角 perigon 底 base边 side 高 height 三角形 triangle 锐角三角形 acute triangle 直角三角形 right triangle 直角边 leg 斜边 hypotenuse勾股定理 Pythagorean theorem 钝角三角形 obtuse triangle不等边三角形 scalene triangle 等腰三角形 isosceles triangle等边三角形 equilateral triangle 四边形 quadrilateral平行四边形 parallelogram 矩形 rectangle长 length 宽 width 周长 perimeter 面积 area相像 similar 全等 congruent 三角 trigonometry 正弦 sine 余弦 cosine 正切 tangent 余切 cotangent正割 secant 余割 cosecant 反正弦 arc sine反余弦 arc cosine反正切 arc tangent反余切 arc cotangent反正割 arc secant反余割 arc cosecant子集 subset增补:会合 aggregate元素 element 交集 intersection 并集 union空集 void补集 complement映照 mapping函数 function定义域 domain, field of definition值域 range单一性 monotonicity周期性 periodicity图象 image数列,级数series微积分 calculus微分 differential导数 derivative极限 limit无量大 infinite(a.) infinity(n.)无量小 infinitesimal积分 integral定积分 definite integral不定积分indefinite integral复数 complex number矩阵 matrix队列式 determinant圆circle圆心 centre(BrE), center(AmE) 半径 radius直径 diameter圆周率 pi弧arc半圆 semicircle环ring椭圆 ellipse圆周 circumference轨迹 locus, loca(pl.)多面体 polyhedron旋转 rotation轴axis球sphere半球 hemisphere底面 undersurface表面积 surface area体积 volume空间 space双曲线 hyperbola抛物线 parabola正方形 square梯形 trapezoid直角梯形right trapezoid等腰梯形isosceles trapezoid 多边形 polygon正多边形equilateral polygon 相位 phase统计 statistics均匀数 average加权均匀数weighted average方差 variance标准差 root-mean-square deviation, standard deviation 比率 propotion百分比 percent百分点 percentage百分位数percentile摆列 permutation组合 combination概率,或然率probability散布 distribution正态散布normal distribution非正态散布abnormal distribution图表 graph条形统计图bar graph柱形统计图histogram折线统计图broken line graph曲线统计图curve diagram扇形统计图pie diagram。
数学术语的英汉对照
数学术语的英汉对照数学术语的英汉对照(权威,全⾯)19数学术语的英汉对照(权威,全⾯)English Chineseabbreviation 简写符号;简写abscissa 横坐标absolute complement 绝对补集absolute error 绝对误差absolute inequality 绝不等式absolute maximum 绝对极⼤值absolute minimum 绝对极⼩值absolute monotonic 绝对单调absolute value 绝对值accelerate 加速acceleration 加速度acceleration due to gravity 重⼒加速度; 地⼼加速度accumulation 累积accumulative 累积的accuracy 准确度act on 施于action 作⽤; 作⽤⼒acute angle 锐⾓acute-angled triangle 锐⾓三⾓形add 加addition 加法addition formula 加法公式addition law 加法定律addition law(of probability) (概率)加法定律additive inverse 加法逆元; 加法反元additive property 可加性adjacent angle 邻⾓adjacent side 邻边adjoint matrix 伴随矩阵algebra 代数algebraic 代数的algebraic equation 代数⽅程algebraic expression 代数式algebraic fraction 代数分式;代数分数式algebraic inequality 代数不等式algebraic number 代数数algebraic operation 代数运算algebraically closed 代数封闭algorithm 算法系统; 规则系统alternate angle (交)错⾓alternate segment 内错⼸形alternating series 交错级数alternative hypothesis 择⼀假设; 备择假设; 另⼀假设altitude ⾼;⾼度;顶垂线;⾼线ambiguous case 两义情况;⼆义情况amount 本利和;总数analysis 分析;解析analytic geometry 解析⼏何angle ⾓angle at the centre 圆⼼⾓angle at the circumference 圆周⾓angle between a line and a plane 直 与平⾯的交⾓angle between two planes 两平⾯的交⾓angle bisection ⾓平分angle bisector ⾓平分线 ;分⾓线 angle in the alternate segment 交错⼸形的圆周⾓angle in the same segment 同⼸形内的圆周⾓angle of depression 俯⾓angle of elevation 仰⾓angle of friction 静摩擦⾓; 极限⾓angle of greatest slope 最⼤斜率的⾓angle of inclination 倾斜⾓angle of intersection 相交⾓;交⾓angle of projection 投射⾓angle of rotation 旋转⾓angle of the sector 扇形⾓angle sum of a triangle 三⾓形内⾓和angles at a point 同顶⾓angular displacement ⾓移位angular momentum ⾓动量angular motion ⾓运动angular velocity ⾓速度annum(X% per annum) 年(年利率X%)anti-clockwise direction 逆时针⽅向;返时针⽅向anti-clockwise moment 逆时针⼒矩anti-derivative 反导数; 反微商anti-logarithm 逆对数;反对数anti-symmetric 反对称apex 顶点approach 接近;趋近approximate value 近似值approximation 近似;略计;逼近Arabic system 阿刺伯数字系统arbitrary 任意arbitrary constant 任意常数arc 弧arc length 弧长arc-cosine function 反余弦函数arc-sin function 反正弦函数arc-tangent function 反正切函数area ⾯积Argand diagram 阿根图, 阿⽒图argument (1)论证; (2)辐⾓argument of a complex number 复数的辐⾓argument of a function 函数的⾃变量arithmetic 算术arithmetic mean 算术平均;等差中顶;算术中顶arithmetic progression 算术级数;等差级数arithmetic sequence 等差序列arithmetic series 等差级数arm 边array 数组; 数组arrow 前号ascending order 递升序ascending powers of X X 的升幂assertion 断语; 断定associative law 结合律assumed mean 假定平均数assumption 假定;假设asymmetrical ⾮对称asymptote 渐近 asymptotic error constant 渐近误差常数at rest 静⽌augmented matrix 增⼴矩阵auxiliary angle 辅助⾓auxiliary circle 辅助圆auxiliary equation 辅助⽅程average 平均;平均数;平均值average speed 平均速率axiom 公理axiom of existence 存在公理axiom of extension 延伸公理axiom of inclusion 包含公理axiom of pairing 配对公理axiom of power 幂集公理axiom of specification 分类公理axiomatic theory of probability 概率公理论axis 轴axis of parabola 拋物线的轴axis of revolution 旋转轴axis of rotation 旋转轴axis of symmetry 对称轴back substitution 回代bar chart 棒形图;条线图;条形图;线条图base (1)底;(2)基;基数base angle 底⾓base area 底⾯base line 底线 base number 底数;基数base of logarithm 对数的底basis 基Bayes' theorem 贝叶斯定理bearing ⽅位(⾓);⾓⽅向(⾓)bell-shaped curve 钟形图belong to 属于Bernoulli distribution 伯努利分布Bernoulli trials 伯努利试验bias 偏差;偏倚biconditional 双修件式; 双修件句bijection 对射; 双射; 单满射bijective function 对射函数; 只射函数billion ⼗亿bimodal distribution 双峰分布binary number ⼆进数binary operation ⼆元运算binary scale ⼆进法binary system ⼆进制binomial ⼆项式binomial distribution ⼆项分布binomial expression ⼆项式binomial series ⼆项级数binomial theorem ⼆项式定理bisect 平分;等分bisection method 分半法;分半⽅法bisector 等分线 ;平分线 Boolean algebra 布尔代数boundary condition 边界条件boundary line 界(线);边界bounded 有界的bounded above 有上界的;上有界的bounded below 有下界的;下有界的bounded function 有界函数bounded sequence 有界序列brace ⼤括号bracket 括号breadth 阔度broken line graph 折线图calculation 计算calculator 计算器;计算器calculus (1) 微积分学; (2) 演算cancel 消法;相消canellation law 消去律canonical 典型; 标准capacity 容量cardioid ⼼脏 Cartesian coordinates 笛卡⼉坐标Cartesian equation 笛卡⼉⽅程Cartesian plane 笛卡⼉平⾯Cartesian product 笛卡⼉积category 类型;范畴catenary 悬链 Cauchy sequence 柯西序列Cauchy's principal value 柯西主值Cauchy-Schwarz inequality 柯西 - 许⽡尔兹不等式central limit theorem 中⼼极限定理central line 中线 central tendency 集中趋centre 中⼼;⼼centre of a circle 圆⼼centre of gravity 重⼼centre of mass 质量中⼼centrifugal force 离⼼⼒centripedal acceleration 向⼼加速度centripedal force force 向⼼⼒centroid 形⼼;距⼼certain event 必然事件chain rule 链式法则chance 机会change of axes 坐标轴的变换change of base 基的变换change of coordinates 坐标轴的变换change of subject 主项变换change of variable 换元;变量的换characteristic equation 特征(征)⽅程characteristic function 特征(征)函数characteristic of logarithm 对数的⾸数; 对数的定位部characteristic root 特征(征)根chart 图;图表check digit 检验数位checking 验算chord 弦chord of contact 切点弦circle 圆circular 圆形;圆的circular function 圆函数;三⾓函数circular measure 弧度法circular motion 圆周运动circular permutation 环形排列; 圆形排列; 循环排列circumcentre 外⼼;外接圆⼼circumcircle 外接圆circumference 圆周circumradius 外接圆半径circumscribed circle 外接圆cissoid 蔓叶 class 区;组;类class boundary 组界class interval 组区间;组距class limit 组限;区限class mark 组中点;区中点classical theory of probability 古典概率论classification 分类clnometer 测斜仪clockwise direction 顺时针⽅向clockwise moment 顺时针⼒矩closed convex region 闭凸区域closed interval 闭区间coaxial 共轴coaxial circles 共轴圆coaxial system 共轴系coded data 编码数据coding method 编码法co-domain 上域coefficient 系数coefficient of friction 摩擦系数coefficient of restitution 碰撞系数; 恢复系数coefficient of variation 变差系数cofactor 余因⼦; 余因式cofactor matrix 列矩阵coincide 迭合;重合collection of terms 并项collinear 共线 collinear planes 共线⾯collision 碰撞column (1)列;纵⾏;(2) 柱column matrix 列矩阵column vector 列向量combination 组合common chord 公弦common denominator 同分母;公分母common difference 公差common divisor 公约数;公约common factor 公因⼦;公因⼦common logarithm 常⽤对数common multiple 公位数;公倍common ratio 公⽐common tangent 公切 commutative law 交换律comparable 可⽐较的compass 罗盘compass bearing 罗盘⽅位⾓compasses 圆规compasses construction 圆规作图compatible 可相容的complement 余;补余complement law 补余律complementary angle 余⾓complementary equation 补充⽅程complementary event 互补事件complementary function 余函数complementary probability 互补概率complete oscillation 全振动completing the square 配⽅complex conjugate 复共轭complex number 复数complex unmber plane 复数平⾯complex root 复数根component 分量component of force 分⼒composite function 复合函数; 合成函数composite number 复合数;合成数composition of mappings 映射构合composition of relations 复合关系compound angle 复⾓compound angle formula 复⾓公式compound bar chart 综合棒形图compound discount 复折扣compound interest 复利;复利息compound probability 合成概率compound statement 复合命题; 复合叙述computation 计算computer 计算机;电⼦计算器concave 凹concave downward 凹向下的concave polygon 凹多边形concave upward 凹向上的concentric circles 同⼼圆concept 概念conclusion 结论concurrent 共点concyclic 共圆concyclic points 共圆点condition 条件conditional 条件句;条件式conditional identity 条件恒等式conditional inequality 条件不等式conditional probability 条件概率cone 锥;圆锥(体)confidence coefficient 置信系数confidence interval 置信区间confidence level 置信⽔平confidence limit 置信极限confocal section 共焦圆锥曲 congruence (1)全等;(2)同余congruence class 同余类congruent 全等congruent figures 全等图形congruent triangles 全等三⾓形conic ⼆次曲 ; 圆锥曲 conic section ⼆次曲 ; 圆锥曲 conical pendulum 圆锥摆conjecture 猜想conjugate 共轭conjugate axis 共轭conjugate diameters 共轭轴conjugate hyperbola 共轭(直)径conjugate imaginary / complex number 共轭双曲 conjugate radical 共轭虚/复数conjugate surd 共轭根式; 共轭不尽根conjunction 合取connective 连词connector box 捙接框consecutive integers 连续整数consecutive numbers 连续数;相邻数consequence 结论;推论consequent 条件;后项conservation of energy 能量守恒conservation of momentum 动量守恒conserved 守恒consistency condition 相容条件consistent ⼀贯的;相容的consistent estimator 相容估计量constant 常数constant acceleration 恒加速度constant force 恒⼒constant of integration 积分常数constant speed 恒速率constant term 常项constant velocity 怛速度constraint 约束;约束条件construct 作construction 作图construction of equation ⽅程的设⽴continued proportion 连⽐例continued ratio 连⽐continuity 连续性continuity correction 连续校正continuous 连续的continuous data 连续数据continuous function 连续函数continuous proportion 连续⽐例continuous random variable 连续随机变量contradiction ⽭盾converge 收敛convergence 收敛性convergent 收敛的convergent iteration 收敛的迭代convergent sequence 收敛序列convergent series 收敛级数converse 逆(定理)converse of a relation 逆关系converse theorem 逆定理conversion 转换convex 凸convex polygon 凸多边形convexity 凸性coordinate 坐标coordinate geometry 解析⼏何;坐标⼏何coordinate system 坐标系系定理;系;推论coplanar 共⾯coplanar forces 共⾯⼒coplanar lines 共⾯ co-prime 互质; 互素corollary 系定理; 系; 推论correct to 准确⾄;取值⾄correlation 相关correlation coefficient 相关系数correspondence 对应corresponding angles (1)同位⾓;(2)对应⾓corresponding element 对应边corresponding sides 对应边cosecant 余割cosine 余弦cosine formula 余弦公式cost price 成本cotangent 余切countable 可数countable set 可数集countably infinite 可数⽆限counter clockwise direction 逆时针⽅向;返时针⽅向counter example 反例counting 数数;计数couple ⼒偶Carmer's rule 克莱玛法则criterion 准则critical point 临界点critical region 临界域cirtical value 临界值cross-multiplication 交叉相乘cross-section 横切⾯;横截⾯;截痕cube 正⽅体;⽴⽅;⽴⽅体cube root ⽴⽅根cubic 三次⽅;⽴⽅;三次(的)cubic equation 三次⽅程cubic roots of unity 单位的⽴⽅根cuboid 长⽅体;矩体cumulative 累积的cumulative distribution function 累积分布函数cumulative frequecy 累积频数;累积频率cumulative frequency curve 累积频数曲 cumulative frequcncy distribution 累积频数分布cumulative frequency polygon 累积频数多边形;累积频率直⽅图curvature of a curve 曲线的曲率curve 曲线 curve sketching 曲线描绘(法)curve tracing 曲线描迹(法)curved line 曲线 curved surface 曲⾯curved surface area 曲⾯⾯积cyclic expression 输换式cyclic permutation 圆形排列cyclic quadrilateral 圆内接四边形cycloid 旋输线; 摆线cylinder 柱;圆柱体cylindrical 圆柱形的damped oscillation 阻尼振动data 数据De Moivre's theorem 棣美弗定理De Morgan's law 德摩根律decagon ⼗边形decay 衰变decay factor 衰变因⼦decelerate 减速decelaration 减速度decile ⼗分位数decimal ⼩数decimal place ⼩数位decimal point ⼩数点decimal system ⼗进制decision box 判定框declarative sentence 说明语句declarative statement 说明命题decoding 译码decrease 递减decreasing function 递减函数;下降函数decreasing sequence 递减序列;下降序列decreasing series 递减级数;下降级数decrement 减量deduce 演绎deduction 推论deductive reasoning 演绎推理definite 确定的;定的definite integral 定积分definition 定义degenerated conic section 降级锥曲线degree (1) 度; (2) 次degree of a polynomial 多项式的次数degree of accuracy 准确度degree of confidence 置信度degree of freedom ⾃由度degree of ODE 常微分⽅程次数degree of precision 精确度delete 删除; 删去denary number ⼗进数denominator 分母dependence (1)相关; (2)应变dependent event(s) 相关事件; 相依事件; 从属事件dependent variable 应变量; 应变数depreciation 折旧derivable 可导derivative 导数derived curve 导函数曲线derived function 导函数derived statistics 推算统计资料; 派⽣统计资料descending order 递降序descending powers of x x 的降序descriptive statistics 描述统计学detached coefficients 分离系数(法) determinant ⾏列式deviation 偏差; 变差deviation from the mean 离均差diagonal 对⾓线diagonal matrix 对⾓矩阵diagram 图; 图表diameter 直径diameter of a conic ⼆次曲线的直径difference 差difference equation 差分⽅程difference of sets 差集differentiable 可微differential 微分differential coefficient 微商; 微分系数differential equation 微分⽅程differential mean value theorem 微分中值定理differentiate 求...的导数differentiate from first principle 从基本原理求导数differentiation 微分法digit 数字dimension 量; 量⽹; 维(数)direct impact 直接碰撞direct image 直接像direct proportion 正⽐例direct tax, direct taxation 直接税direct variation 正变(分)directed angle 有向⾓directed line 有向直线directed line segment 有向线段directed number 有向数direction ⽅向; ⽅位direction angle ⽅向⾓direction cosine ⽅向余弦direction number ⽅向数direction ratio ⽅向⽐directrix 准线Dirichlet function 狄利克来函数discontinuity 不连续性discontinuous 间断(的);连续(的); 不连续(的) discontinuous point 不连续点discount 折扣discrete 分⽴; 离散discrete data 离散数据; 间断数据discrete random variable 间断随机变数discrete uniform distribution 离散均匀分布discriminant 判别式disjoint 不相交的disjoint sets 不相交的集disjunction 析取dispersion 离差displacement 位移disprove 反证distance 距离distance formula 距离公式distinct roots 相异根distincr solution 相异解distribution 公布distributive law 分配律diverge 发散divergence 发散(性)divergent 发散的divergent iteration 发散性迭代divergent sequence 发散序列divergent series 发散级数divide 除dividend (1)被除数;(2)股息divisible 可整除division 除法division algorithm 除法算式divisor 除数;除式;因⼦divisor of zero 零因⼦dodecagon ⼗⼆边形domain 定义域dot 点dot product 点积double angle ⼆倍⾓double angle formula ⼆倍⾓公式double root ⼆重根dual 对偶duality (1)对偶性; (2) 双重性due east/ south/ west /north 向东/ 南/ 西/ 北dynamics 动⼒学eccentric angle 离⼼⾓eccentric circles 离⼼圆eccentricity 离⼼率echelon form 梯阵式echelon matrix 梯矩阵edge 棱;边efficient estimator 有效估计量effort 施⼒eigenvalue 本征值eigenvector 本征向量elastic body 弹性体elastic collision 弹性碰撞elastic constant 弹性常数elastic force 弹⼒elasticity 弹性element 元素elementary event 基本事件elementary function 初等函数elementary row operation 基本⾏运算elimination 消法elimination method 消去法;消元法ellipse 椭圆ellipsiod 椭球体elliptic function 椭圆函数elongation 伸张;展empirical data 实验数据empirical formula 实验公式empirical probability 实验概率;经验概率empty set 空集encoding 编码enclosure 界限end point 端点energy 能; 能量entire surd 整⽅根epicycloid 外摆线equal 相等equal ratios theorem 等⽐定理equal roots 等根equal sets 等集equality 等(式)equality sign 等号equation ⽅程equation in one unknown ⼀元⽅程equation in two unknowns (variables) ⼆元⽅程equation of a straight line 直线⽅程equation of locus 轨迹⽅程equiangular 等⾓(的)equidistant 等距(的)equilateral 等边(的)equilateral polygon 等边多边形equilateral triangle 等边三⾓形equilibrium 平衡equiprobable 等概率的equiprobable space 等概率空间equivalence 等价equivalence class 等价类equivalence relation 等价关系equivalent 等价(的)error 误差error allowance 误差宽容度error estimate 误差估计error term 误差项error tolerance 误差宽容度escribed circle 旁切圆estimate 估计;估计量estimator 估计量Euclidean algorithm 欧⼏⾥德算法Euclidean geometry 欧⼏⾥德⼏何Euler's formula 尤拉公式;欧拉公式evaluate 计值even function 偶函数even number 偶数evenly distributed 均匀分布的event 事件exact 真确exact differential form 恰当微分形式exact solution 准确解;精确解;真确解exact value 法确解;精确解;真确解example 例excentre 外⼼exception 例外excess 起exclusive 不包含exclusive disjunction 不包含性析取exclusive events 互斥事件exercise 练习exhaustive event(s) 彻底事件existential quantifier 存在量词expand 展开expand form 展开式expansion 展式expectation 期望expectation value, expected value 期望值;预期值experiment 实验;试验experimental 试验的experimental probability 实验概率explicit function 显函数exponent 指数exponential function 指数函数exponential order 指数阶; 指数级express…in terms of… 以………表达expression 式;数式extension 外延;延长;扩张;扩充extension of a function 函数的扩张exterior angle 外⾓external angle bisector 外分⾓ external point of division 外分点extreme point 极值点extreme value 极值extremum 极值face ⾯factor 因⼦;因式;商factor method 因式分解法factor theorem 因⼦定理;因式定理factorial 阶乘factorization 因⼦分解;因式分解factorization of polynomial 多项式因式分解fallacy 谬误FALSE 假(的)falsehood 假值family 族family of circles 圆族family of concentric circles 同⼼圆族family of straight lines 直线族feasible solution 可⾏解;容许解Fermat's last theorem 费尔马最后定理Fibonacci number 斐波那契数;黄⾦分割数Fibonacci sequence 斐波那契序列fictitious mean 假定平均数figure (1)图(形);(2)数字final velocity 末速度finite 有限finite dimensional vector space 有限维向量空间finite population 有限总体finite probability space 有限概率空间finite sequence 有限序列finite series 有限级数finite set 有限集first approximation ⾸近似值first derivative ⼀阶导数first order differential equation ⼀阶微分⽅程first projection 第⼀投影; 第⼀射影first quartile 第⼀四分位数first term ⾸项fixed deposit 定期存款fixed point 定点fixed point iteration method 定点迭代法fixed pulley 定滑轮flow chart 流程图focal chord 焦弦focal length 焦距focus(foci) 焦点folium of Descartes 笛卡⼉叶形线foot of perpendicular 垂⾜for all X 对所有Xfor each /every X 对每⼀Xforce ⼒forced oscillation 受迫振动form 形式;型formal proof 形式化的证明format 格式;规格formula(formulae) 公式four leaved rose curve 四瓣玫瑰线four rules 四则four-figure table 四位数表fourth root 四次⽅根fraction 分数;分式fraction in lowest term 最简分数fractional equation 分式⽅程fractional index 分数指数fractional inequality 分式不等式free fall ⾃由下坠free vector ⾃由向量; ⾃由⽮量frequency 频数;频率frequency distribution 频数分布;频率分布frequency distribution table 频数分布表frequency polygon 频数多边形;频率多边形friction 摩擦; 摩擦⼒frictionless motion ⽆摩擦运动frustum 平截头体fulcrum ⽀点function 函数function of function 复合函数;迭函数functional notation 函数记号fundamental theorem of algebra 代数基本定理fundamental theorem of calculus 微积分基本定理gain 增益;赚;盈利gain perent 赚率;增益率;盈利百分率game (1)对策;(2)博奕Gaussian distribution ⾼斯分布Gaussian elimination ⾼斯消去法general form ⼀般式;通式general solution 通解;⼀般解general term 通项generating function 母函数; ⽣成函数generator (1)母线; (2)⽣成元geoborad ⼏何板geometric distribution ⼏何分布geometric mean ⼏何平均数;等⽐中项geometric progression ⼏何级数;等⽐级数geometric sequence 等⽐序列geometric series 等⽐级数geometry ⼏何;⼏何学given 给定;已知global 全局; 整体global maximum 全局极⼤值; 整体极⼤值global minimum 全局极⼩值; 整体极⼩值golden section 黄⾦分割grade 等级gradient (1)斜率;倾斜率;(2)梯度grand total 总计graph 图像;图形;图表graph paper 图表纸graphical method 图解法graphical representation 图⽰;以图样表达graphical solution 图解gravity 重⼒greatest term 最⼤项greatest value 最⼤值grid lines ⽹⽹格线group 组; grouped data 分组数据;分类数据grouping terms 并项;集项growth 增长growth factor 增长因⼦half angle 半⾓half angle formula 半⾓公式half closed interval 半闭区间half open interval 半开区间harmonic mean (1) 调和平均数; (2) 调和中项harmonic progression 调和级数head 正⾯(钱币)height ⾼(度)helix 螺旋线hemisphere 半球体;半球heptagon 七边形Heron's formula 希罗公式heterogeneous (1)参差的; (2)不纯⼀的hexagon 六边形higher order derivative ⾼阶导数highest common factor(H.C.F) 最⼤公因⼦;最⾼公因式;最⾼公因⼦Hindu-Arabic numeral 阿刺伯数字histogram 组织图;直⽅图;矩形图Holder's Inequality 赫⽿德不等式homogeneous 齐次的homogeneous equation 齐次⽅程Hooke's law 虎克定律horizontal ⽔平的;⽔平horizontal asymptote ⽔平渐近线horizontal component ⽔平分量horizontal line 横线 ;⽔平线 horizontal range ⽔平射程hyperbola 双曲线 hyperbolic function 双曲函数hypergeometric distribution 超⼏何分布hypocycloid 内摆线hypotenuse 斜边hypothesis 假设hypothesis testing 假设检验hypothetical syllogism 假设三段论hypotrochoid 次内摆线idempotent 全幂等的identical 全等;恒等identity 等(式)identity element 单位元identity law 同⼀律identity mapping 恒等映射identity matrix 恒等矩阵identity relation 恒等关系式if and only if/iff 当且仅当;若且仅若if…, then 若….则;如果…..则illustration 例证;说明image 像点;像image axis 虚轴imaginary circle 虚圆imaginary number 虚数imaginary part 虚部imaginary root 虚根imaginary unit 虚数单位impact 碰撞implication 蕴涵式;蕴含式implicit definition 隐定义implicit function 隐函数impossible event 不可能事件improper fraction 假分数improper integral ⼴义积分; ⾮正常积分impulse 冲量impulsive force 冲⼒incentre 内⼒incircle 内切圆inclination 倾⾓;斜⾓inclined plane 斜⾯included angle 夹⾓included side 夹边inclusion mapping 包含映射inclusive 包含的;可兼的inclusive disjunction 包含性析取;可兼析取inconsistent 不相的(的);不⼀致(的) increase 递增;增加increasing function 递增函数increasing sequence 递增序列increasing series 递增级数increment 增量indefinite integral 不定积分idenfinite integration 不定积分法independence 独⽴;⾃变independent equations 独⽴⽅程independent event 独⽴事件independent variable ⾃变量;独⽴变量indeterminate (1)不定的;(2)不定元;未定元indeterminate coefficient 不定系数;未定系数indeterminate form 待定型;不定型index,indices 指数;指index notation 指数记数法induced operation 诱导运算induction hypothesis 归纳法假设inelastic collision ⾮弹性碰撞inequality 不等式;不等inequality sign 不等号inertia 惯性;惯量infer 推断inference 推论infinite ⽆限;⽆穷infinite dimensional ⽆限维infinite population ⽆限总体infinite sequence ⽆限序列;⽆穷序列infinite series ⽆限级数;⽆穷级数infinitely many ⽆穷多infinitesimal ⽆限⼩;⽆穷⼩infinity ⽆限(⼤);⽆穷(⼤)inflection (inflexion) point 拐点;转折点inherent error 固有误差initial approximation 初始近似值initial condition 原始条件;初值条件initial point 始点;起点initial side 始边initial value 初值;始值initial velocity 初速度initial-value problem 初值问题injection 内射injective function 内射函数inner product 内积input 输⼊input box 输⼊inscribed circle 内切圆insertion 插⼊insertion of brackets 加括号instantaneous 瞬时的instantaneous acceleration 瞬时加速度instantaneous speed 瞬时速率integer 整数integrable 可积integrable function 可积函数integral 积分integral index 整数指数integral mean value theorem 积数指数integral part 整数部份integral solution 整数解integral value 整数值integrand 被积函数integrate 积;积分;......的积分integrating factor 积分因⼦integration 积分法integration by parts 分部积分法integration by substitution 代换积分法;换元积分法integration constant 积分常数interaction 相互作⽤intercept 截距;截段intercept form 截距式intercept theorem 截线定理interchange 互换interest 利息interest rate 利率interest tax 利息税interior angle 内⾓interior angles on the same side of the transversal 同旁内⾓interior opposite angle 内对⾓intermediate value theorem 介值定理internal bisector 内分⾓ internal division 内分割internal energy 内能internal force 内⼒internal point of division 内分点interpolating polynomial 插值多项式interpolation 插值inter-quartile range 四分位数间距intersect 相交intersection (1)交集;(2)相交;(3)交点interval 区间interval estimation 区间估计;区域估计intuition 直观invalid 失效;⽆效invariance 不变性invariant (1)不变的;(2)不变量;不变式inverse 反的;逆的inverse circular function 反三⾓函数inverse cosine function 反余弦函数inverse function 反函数;逆函数inverse cosine function 反三⾓函数inverse function 反函数;逆映射inverse mapping 反向映射;逆映射inverse matrix 逆矩阵inverse problem 逆算问题inverse proportion 反⽐例;逆⽐例inverse relation 逆关系inverse sine function 反正弦函数inverse tangent function 反正切函数inverse variation 反变(分);逆变(分)invertible 可逆的invertible matrix 可逆矩阵irrational equation ⽆理⽅程irrational number ⽆理数irreducibility 不可约性irregular 不规则isomorphism 同构isosceles triangle 等腰三⾓形iterate (1)迭代值; (2)迭代iteration form 迭代形iterative function 迭代函数iterative method 迭代法jet propulsion 喷⽓推进joint variation 联变(分);连变(分)kinetic energy 动能kinetic friction 动摩擦known ⼰知L.H.S. 末项L'Hospital's rule 洛必达法则Lagrange interpolating polynomial 拉格朗⽇插值多项代Lagrange theorem 拉格朗⽇定理Lami's law 拉密定律Laplace expansion 拉普拉斯展式last term 末项latent root 本征根; ⾸通径lattice point 格点latus rectum 正焦弦; ⾸通径law 律;定律law of conservation of momentum 动量守恒定律law of indices 指数律;指数定律law of inference 推论律law of trichotomy 三分律leading coefficient ⾸项系数leading diagonal 主对⾓线least common multiple, lowest common multiple (L.C.M) 最⼩公倍数;最低公倍式least value 最⼩值left hand limit 左⽅极限lemma 引理lemniscate 双纽线length 长(度)letter ⽂字;字母like surd 同类根式like terms 同类项limacon 蜗⽜线limit 极限limit of sequence 序列的极限limiting case 极限情况limiting friction 最⼤静摩擦limiting position 极限位置line 线;⾏line of action 作⽤⼒线line of best-fit 最佳拟合 line of greatest slope 最⼤斜率的直 ;最⼤斜率 line of intersection 交线 line segment 线段linear 线性;⼀次linear convergence 线性收敛性linear differeantial equation 线性微分⽅程linear equation 线性⽅程;⼀次⽅程linear equation in two unknowns ⼆元⼀次⽅程;⼆元线性⽅程linear inequality ⼀次不等式;线性不等式linear momentum 线动量linear programming 线性规划linearly dependent 线性相关的linearly independent 线性⽆关的literal coefficient ⽂字系数literal equation ⽂字⽅程load 负荷loaded coin 不公正钱币loaded die 不公正骰⼦local maximum 局部极⼤(值)local minimum 局部极⼩(值)locus, loci 轨迹logarithm 对数logarithmic equation 对数⽅程logarithmic function 对数函数logical deduction 逻辑推论;逻辑推理logical step 逻辑步骤long division method 长除法loop 回路loss 赔本;亏蚀loss per cent 赔率;亏蚀百分率lower bound 下界lower limit 下限lower quartile 下四分位数lower sum 下和lower triangular matrix 下三⾓形矩阵lowest common multiple(L.C.M) 最⼩公倍数machine 机械Maclaurin expansion 麦克劳林展开式Maclaurin series 麦克劳林级数magnitude 量;数量;长度;⼤⼩major arc 优弧;⼤弧major axis 长轴major sector 优扇形;⼤扇形major segment 优⼸形;⼤⼸形mantissa 尾数mantissa of logarithm 对数的尾数;对数的定值部many to one 多个对⼀个many-sided figure 多边形many-valued 多值的map into 映⼊map onto 映上mapping 映射marked price 标价Markov chain 马可夫链mass 质量mathematical analysis 数学分析mathematical induction 数学归纳法mathematical sentence 数句mathematics 数学matrix 阵; 矩阵matrix addition 矩阵加法matrix equation 矩阵⽅程matrix multiplication 矩阵乘法matrix operation 矩阵运算maximize 极⼤maximum absolute error 最⼤绝对误差maximum point 极⼤点maximum value 极⼤值mean 平均(值);平均数;中数mean deviation 中均差;平均偏差mean value theorem 中值定理measure of dispersion 离差的量度measurement 量度mechanical energy 机械能median (1)中位数;(2)中线 meet 相交;相遇mensuration 计量;求积法method ⽅法method of completing square 配⽅法method of interpolation 插值法; 内插法method of least squares 最⼩⼆乘法; 最⼩平⽅法method of substitution 代换法;换元法method of successive substitution 逐次代换法; 逐次调替法method of superposition 迭合法metric unit ⼗进制单位mid-point 中点mid-point formula 中点公式mid-point theorem 中点定理million 百万minimize 极⼩minimum point 极⼩点Minkowski Inequality 闵可夫斯基不等式minor (1)⼦⾏列式;(2)劣;较⼩的minor arc 劣弧;⼩弧minor axis 短轴minor of a determinant ⼦⾏列式minor sector 劣扇形;⼩扇形minor segment 劣⼸形;⼩⼸形minus 减minute 分mixed number(fraction) 带分数modal class 众数组mode 众数model 模型modulo (1)模; 模数; (2)同余modulo arithmetic 同余算术modulus 模; 模数modulus of a complex number 复数的模modulus of elasticity 弹性模(数)moment arm (1)矩臂; (2)⼒臂moment of a force ⼒矩moment of inertia 贯性矩momentum 动量monomial 单项式monotone 单调monotonic convergence 单调收敛性monotonic decreasing 单调递减monotonic decreasing function 单调递减函数monotonic function 单调函数monotonic increasing 单调递增monotonic increasing function 单调递增函数motion 运动movable pulley 动滑轮multinomial 多项式multiple 倍2;数multiple angle 倍⾓multiple-angle formula 倍⾓公式multiple root 多重根multiplicand 被乘数multiplication 乘法multiplication law (of probability) (概率)乘法定律multiplicative inverse 乘法逆元multiplicative property 可乘性multiplicity 重数multiplier 乘数;乘式multiply 乘multi-value 多值的mulually disjoint 互不相交mutually exclusive events 互斥事件mutually independent 独⽴; 互相独⽴mutually perpendicular lines 互相垂直 n factorial n 阶乘n th derivative n 阶导数n th root n 次根;n 次⽅根n the root of unity 单位的n 次根Napierian logarithm 纳⽪尔对数; ⾃然对数natural logarithm ⾃然对数natural number ⾃然数natural surjection ⾃然满射necessary and sufficient condition 充要条件necessary condition 必要条件negation 否定式negative 负negative angle 负⾓negative binomial distribution 负⼆项式分布negative index 负指数negative integer 负整数negative number 负数。
各种数学名词的英语翻译(可编辑修改word版)
各种数学名词的英语翻译数学 mathematics,maths(BrE), math(AmE)公理 axiom定理 theorem计算 calculation运算 operation证明 prove假设 hypothesis,hypotheses(pl.)命题 proposition算术 arithmetic加 plus(prep.), add(v.), addition(n.)被加数 augend, summand加数 addend和 sum减 minus(prep.),subtract(v.),subtraction(n.)被减数 minuend减数 subtrahend差 remainder乘 times(prep.),multiply(v.),multiplication(n.)被乘数 multiplicand, faciend 乘数 multiplicator积 product除 divided by(prep.),divide(v.), division(n.)被除数 dividend除数 divisor商 quotient等于 equals, is equal to, is equivalent to大于 is greater than小于 is lesser than大于等于 is equal or greater than小于等于 is equal or lesser than运算符 operator 平均数 mean算术平均数 arithmatic mean几何平均数 geometric mean n个数之积的 n 次方根倒数(reciprocal) x 的倒数为1/x有理数 rational number无理数 irrational number实数 real number虚数 imaginary number数字 digit数 number自然数 natural number整数 integer小数 decimal小数点 decimal point分数 fraction分子 numerator分母 denominator比 ratio正 positive负 negative零 null, zero, nought, nil十进制 decimal system二进制 binary system十六进制 hexadecimal system权 weight, significance进位 carry截尾 truncation四舍五入 round下舍入 round down上舍入 round up有效数字 significant digit无效数字 insignificant digit代数 algebra公式 formula, formulae(pl.)单项式 monomial多项式 polynomial,multinomial系数 coefficient未知数 unknown, x-factor, y-factor, z-factor等式,方程式 equation一次方程 simple equation二次方程 quadratic equation三次方程 cubic equation四次方程 quartic equation不等式 inequation阶乘 factorial对数 logarithm指数,幂 exponent乘方 power二次方,平方 square三次方,立方 cube四次方 the power of four, thefourth powern 次方 the power of n, the nthpower开方 evolution, extraction二次方根,平方根 square root三次方根,立方根 cube root四次方根 the root of four, thefourth rootn 次方根 the root of n, the nthrootsqrt(2)=1.414sqrt(3)=1.732sqrt(5)=2.236常量 constant变量 variable坐标系 coordinates坐标轴 x-axis, y-axis, z-axis横坐标 x-coordinate纵坐标 y-coordinate原点 origin象限 quadrant截距(有正负之分)intercede(方程的)解 solution几何 geometry点 point线 line面 plane体 solid线段 segment射线 radial平行 parallel相交 intersect角 angle角度 degree弧度 radian锐角 acute angle直角 right angle钝角 obtuse angle平角 straight angle周角 perigon底 base边 side高 height三角形 triangle锐角三角形 acute triangle直角三角形 right triangle直角边 leg斜边 hypotenuse勾股定理 Pythagorean theorem 钝角三角形 obtuse triangle 不等边三角形 scalene triangle等腰三角形 isoscelestriangle等边三角形 equilateral triangle四边形 quadrilateral平行四边形 parallelogram矩形 rectangle长 length宽 width周长 perimeter面积 area相似 similar全等 congruent三角 trigonometry正弦 sine余弦 cosine正切 tangent余切 cotangent正割 secant余割 cosecant反正弦 arc sine反余弦 arc cosine反正切 arc tangent反余切 arc cotangent反正割 arc secant 反余割 arc cosecant补充:集合 aggregate元素 element空集 void子集 subset交集 intersection并集 union补集 complement映射 mapping函数 function定义域 domain, field ofdefinition值域 range单调性 monotonicity奇偶性 parity周期性 periodicity图象 image数列,级数 series微积分 calculus微分 differential导数 derivative极限 limit无穷大 infinite(a.)infinity(n.)无穷小 infinitesimal积分 integral定积分 definite integral不定积分 indefinite integral复数 complex number矩阵 matrix行列式 determinant圆 circle圆心 centre(BrE),center(AmE)半径 radius直径 diameter圆周率 pi弧 arc半圆 semicircle扇形 sector环 ring椭圆 ellipse圆周 circumference轨迹 locus, loca(pl.)平行六面体 parallelepiped立方体 cube七面体 heptahedron八面体 octahedron九面体 enneahedron十面体 decahedron十一面体 hendecahedron十二面体 dodecahedron二十面体 icosahedron多面体 polyhedron旋转 rotation轴 axis球 sphere半球 hemisphere底面 undersurface表面积 surface area体积 volume空间 space双曲线 hyperbola抛物线 parabola四面体 tetrahedron五面体 pentahedron六面体 hexahedron 菱形 rhomb,rhombus, rhombi(pl.),diamond正方形 square梯形 trapezoid直角梯形 right trapezoid等腰梯形 isosceles trapezoid五边形 pentagon六边形 hexagon七边形 heptagon八边形 octagon九边形 enneagon十边形 decagon十一边形 hendecagon十二边形 dodecagon多边形 polygon正多边形 equilateral polygon相位 phase周期 period振幅 amplitude内心 incentre(BrE),incenter(AmE)外心 excentre(BrE),excenter(AmE)旁心 escentre(BrE),escenter(AmE)垂心 orthocentre(BrE), orthocenter(AmE)重心 barycentre(BrE), barycenter(AmE)内切圆 inscribed circle外切圆 circumcircle统计 statistics平均数 average加权平均数 weighted average 方差 variance标准差 root-mean-square deviation, standard deviation比例 propotion百分比 percent百分点 percentage百分位数 percentile排列 permutation组合 combination概率,或然率 probability分布 distribution正态分布 normal distribution 非正态分布 abnormal distribution图表 graph条形统计图 bar graph柱形统计图 histogram折线统计图 broken line graph 曲线统计图 curve diagram扇形统计图 pie diagram--------------数学中常用单词术语abscissa 横坐标absolute value 绝对值acute angle 锐角adjacent angle 邻角addition 加algebra 代数altitude 高angle bisector 角平分线arc 弧area 面积arithmetic mean 算术平均值(总和除以总数)arithmetic progression等差数列(等差级数)arm 直角三角形的股at 总计(乘法)average 平均值base 底be contained in 位于...上bisect 平分center 圆心chord 弦circle 圆形circumference 圆周长circumscribe 外切,外接clockwise 顺时针方向closest approximation 最相近似的combination 组合common divisor 公约数,公因子common factor 公因子complementary angles 余角(二角和为 90 度)composite number 合数(可被除1 及本身以外其它的数整除)concentric circle 同心圆cone 圆锥(体积=1/3*pi*r*r*h)congruent 全等的consecutive integer 连续的整数coordinate 坐标的cost 成本counterclockwise 逆时针方向cube 1.立方数2.立方体(体积=a*a*a 表面积=6*a*a)cylinder 圆柱体decagon 十边形decimal 小数decimal point 小数点decreased 减少decrease to 减少到decrease by 减少了degree 角度define 1.定义2.化简denominator 分母denote 代表,表示depreciation 折旧distance 距离distinct 不同的dividend 1. 被除数 2.红利divided evenly 被除数divisible 可整除的division 1. 除 2.部分divisor 除数down payment 预付款,定金equation 方程equilateral triangle 等边三角形even number 偶数expression 表达exterior angle 外角face (立体图形的)某一面factor 因子fraction 1.分数2.比例geometric mean 几何平均值(N 个数的乘积再开 N 次方)geometric progression 等比数列(等比级数)mark down 降价maximum 最大值median, medium 中数(把数字按大小排列,若为奇数项,则中间那项就为中数,若为偶数项,则中间两项的算术平均值为中数。
(完整word版)数学术语英文对照
代数部分1.有关数学运算add,plus加subtract减difference差multiply, times乘product积divide除divisible可被整除的divided evenly被整除dividend被除数,红利divisor因子,除数quotient商remainder余数factorial阶乘power乘方radical sign, root sign 根号round to四舍五入to the nearest四舍五入2.有关集合union并集subset真子集set解集3。
有关代数式、方程和不等式algebraic term代数项like terms, similar terms同类项numerical coefficient数字系数literal coefficient字母系数inequality不等式triangle inequality三角不等式range值域original equation原方程equivalent equation同解方程,等价方程linear equation线性方程4.有关分数和小数proper fraction真分数fraction假分数simple fraction 简分数complex fraction繁分数numerator 分子denominator分母(least)common denominator(最小)公分母quarter四分之一decimal fraction纯小数tenths unit十分位5.基本数学概念arithmetic mean算术平均值weighted average加权平均值geometric mean几何平均数exponent指数,幂base乘幂的底数,底边cube立方数,立方体square root平方根cube root立方根common logarithm常用对数digit数字constant常数variable变量inverse function反函数function余函数一次的,线性的factorization因式分解absolute value绝对值,e。
常用数学用语中英对照(精排版)
常用数学用语的英语表达(精排版)常用加减乘除的英语表达A 加B 等于 CIf you add A to B, you get C.If you add A and B, you get C.A 与B 的和是 CA andB are make C.The sum of A and B is C.A plusB equals C.A 减B 等于 CIf you take B from A, you get C.B minus A equals C.A 与B 之差为 CThe difference between B and A is C.A 乘B 等于 CA timesB is equals C.B multiplied by A equals C.A 与B 的积为 CThe proudct of A and B is C.A 除以B 等于 CIf you divide A by B, the answer is C.If you divide B into A, the answer is C.A divided byB equals C.比较两个数字大小的英语表达:A 大于 BA is greater than B.A is more than B.A 小于BA is less than B.平方、立方及四次方的英语表达:A 的平方等于B The square of A is B.A 的立方等于B The cube of A is B.A 的四次方等于B The fourth power of A is equals B.A 的平方根为 BThe square root of A is B.A 的立方根为 BThe cube root of A is B.正比反比的英语表达:A 与B 成正比A is in direct proportion to B.A 与B 成反比A is in inverse proportion to B.两直线平行或垂直的英语表达:直线AB 平行于直线CDLine AB is parallel to Line CD直线AB 垂直于直线CDLine AB is perpendicular to Line CD 有关数学运算加 add,plus减 subtract差 difference乘 multiply,times积 product除 divide可被整除的 divisible被整除 dividedevenly被除数 dividend因子,除数 divisor商 quotient余数 remainder阶乘 factorial乘方 power根号 radicalsign,rootsign四舍五入 roundto四舍五入 tothenearest有关集合并集 union真子集 proper subset解集 solution set有关代数式、方程和不等式代数项 algebraic term同类项 like terms,similar terms数字系数 numerical coefficient字母系数 literal coefficient不等式 inequality三角不等式 triangle inequality值域 range原方程 original equation同解方程,等价方程 equivalent equation线性方程 linear equation有关分数和小数真分数 proper fraction假分数 improper fraction带分数 mixed number普通分数 vulgar fraction,common fraction简分数 simple fraction繁分数 complex fraction分子 numerator分母 denominator *(最小)公分母 (least)common denominator 四分之一 quarter纯小数 decimal fraction无穷小数 infinite decimal循环小数 recurring decimal十分位 tenthsunit基本概念算术平均值 arithmetic mean加权平均值 weighted average几何平均数 geometric mean指数,幂 exponent乘幂的底数,底边 base立方数,立方体 cube平方根 square root立方根 cube root常用对数 common logarithm数字 digit常数 constant反函数 inversefunction余函数 complementary function一次的,线性的 linear因式分解 factorization绝对值 absolute value四舍五入 round off有关数论自然数 natural number正数 positive number负数 negative number奇数 odd integer,odd number偶数 even integer,even number整数 integer,whole number正整数 positive whole number负整数 negative whole number连续整数 consecutive number实数,有理数 real number,rational number无理数 irrational (number)倒数 inverse倒数 reciprocal合数 composite number e.g.4,6,8,9,10,12,14,15......质数 prime number e.g.2,3,5,7,11,13,15......公约数 common divisor倍数 multiple(最小)公倍数 (least)common multiple(质)因子 (prime)factor公因子 common factor十进制 ordinary scale,decimal scale非负的 nonnegative十位 tens个位 units众数 mode中数 median公比 common ratio数列等差数列 arithmetic progression(sequence)等比数列 geometric progression(sequence)近似 approximate(逆)顺时针方向 (anti) clockwise正比 direct proportion不同的 distinct估计,近似 estimation括号 parentheses比例 proportion排列 permutation组合 combination表格 table三角函数 trigonometric function单位 unit几何部分常用术语立方 one cubic平方米 one square metre几何 geomet ry点 point线 line面 plane直线 a straight曲线 curved line近似值 an approximate value垂直线 a vertical水平线 a horizontal line三角形的底 the base of a triangle三角形的两个腰 the two sides of a triangle直角 a rigt angle锐角 an acute angle钝角 an obtuse angle长方形 a rectangle正方形 a square多边形 a polygon圆心 the centre of a circle圆的直径 the diameter of a circle圆的半径 the radius of a circle半圆 a semicircle弧 an arc圆柱体 a cylinder球体 a spheroid平面几何 plane geometry三角学 trigonometry外切 circumscribe内切 inscribe相交 intersect垂直 perpendicular勾股定理 pythagorean theorem全等的 congruent多边的 multilateral所有的角内错角 alternate angle同位角 corresponding angle对顶角 vertical angle圆心角 central angle内角 interior angle外角 exterior angle补角 supplement aryangles余角 complement aryangle邻角 adjacent angle锐角 acute angle钝角 obtuse angle直角 right angle周角 round angle平角 straight angle夹角 included angle所有的三角形等边三角形 equilateral triangle不等边三角形 scalene triangle等腰三角形 isosceles triangle直角三角形 right triangle斜三角形 oblique内接三角形 inscribed triangle有关收敛的平面图形(除三角形外)半圆 semicircle同心圆 concentric circles四边形 quadrilateral五边形 pentagon六边形 hexagon七边形 heptagon八边形 octagon十边形 decagon多边形 polygon平行四边形 parallelogram等边形 equilateral平面 plane正方形,平方 square长方形 rectangle正多边形 regular polygon菱形 rhombus梯形 trapezoid其它平面图形弧 arc直线 line,straight line线段 line segment平行线 parallel lines弧形 segment of a circle有关立体图形立方体,立方数 cube长方体 rectangular solid正多面体 regular solid/regular polyhedron圆柱体 circular cylinder圆锥 cone球体 sphere立体的 solid有关图形上的附属物高 altitude深度 depth边长 side周长 circumference,perimeter弧度 radian表面积 surface area体积 volume直角三角形的股 arm横截面 cros ssection圆心 center of acircle弦 chord半径 radius角平分线 angle bisector对角线 diagonal立体的面 face of a solid斜边 hypotenuse夹边 included side三角形的直角边 leg三角形的中线 medianofatriangle底边,底数 base(e.g.2 的5 次方,2 就是底数)直角三角形中的对边 opposite中点 midpoint端点 endpoint顶点 vertex(复数形式vertices)切线的 tangent截线 transversal截距 intercept有关坐标坐标系 coordinate system直角坐标系 rectangular coordinate原点 origin横坐标 abscissa纵坐标 ordinate数轴 numberline象限 quadrant斜率 slope复平面 complex plane其他单位类美分 cent一美分硬币 penny五美分硬币 nickel一角硬币 dime打(12 个) dozen廿(20 个) score摄氏 Centigrade华氏 Fahrenheit夸脱 quart加仑 gallon(1gallon=4quart)码 yard米 meter微米 micron分 minute( 角度的度量单位 60 分=1 度)平方单位制 squaremeasure立方米 cubicmeter品脱 pint(干量或液量的单位)有关文字叙述题,主要是有关商业闰年(366 天)intercalary year(leapyear)平年(365 天) common year折旧 depreciation直接付款 down payment打折 discount利润 margin利润 profit利息 interest单利 simple interest复利 compounded interest红利 dividend减少到 decrease to减少了 decrease by增加到 increase to增加了 increase by表示 denote标价 list price涨价 markup每人 per capita比率 ratio零售价 retail price打平 tie。
高等数学名词(中英文)
高等数学名词(中英文)第一章函数与极限Chapter1 Function and Limit 集合set元素element子集subset空集empty set并集union交集intersection差集difference of set基本集basic set补集complement set直积direct product笛卡儿积Cartesian product开区间open interval闭区间closed interval半开区间half open interval有限区间finite interval区间的长度length of an interval无限区间infinite interval领域neighborhood领域的中心centre of a neighborhood 领域的半径radius of a neighborhood 左领域left neighborhood右领域right neighborhood映射mappingX到Y的映射mapping of X ontoY 满射surjection单射injection一一映射one-to-one mapping双射bijection算子operator变化transformation函数function逆映射inverse mapping复合映射composite mapping自变量independent variable 因变量dependent variable定义域domain函数值value of function函数关系function relation值域range自然定义域natural domain单值函数single valued function多值函数multiple valued function单值分支one-valued branch函数图形graph of a function绝对值函数absolute value符号函数sigh function整数部分integral part阶梯曲线step curve当且仅当if and only if(iff)分段函数piecewise function上界upper bound下界lower bound有界boundedness无界unbounded函数的单调性monotonicity of a function 单调增加的increasing单调减少的decreasing单调函数monotone function函数的奇偶性parity(odevity) of a function 对称symmetry偶函数even function奇函数odd function函数的周期性periodicity of a function周期period反函数inverse function直接函数direct function复合函数composite function中间变量intermediate variable函数的运算operation of function基本初等函数basic elementary function初等函数elementary function幂函数power function指数函数exponential function对数函数logarithmic function三角函数trigonometric function反三角函数inverse trigonometric function常数函数constant function双曲函数hyperbolic function双曲正弦hyperbolic sine双曲余弦hyperbolic cosine双曲正切hyperbolic tangent反双曲正弦inverse hyperbolic sine反双曲余弦inverse hyperbolic cosine反双曲正切inverse hyperbolic tangent极限limit数列sequence of number收敛convergence收敛于a converge to a发散divergent极限的唯一性uniqueness of limits收敛数列的有界性boundedness of a convergent sequence子列subsequence函数的极限limits of functions函数当x趋于x0时的极限limit of functions as x approaches x0左极限left limit右极限right limit单侧极限one-sided limits水平渐近线horizontal asymptote无穷小infinitesimal无穷大infinity铅直渐近线vertical asymptote夹逼准则squeeze rule单调数列monotonic sequence高阶无穷小infinitesimal of higher order低阶无穷小infinitesimal of lower order同阶无穷小infinitesimal of the same order等阶无穷小equivalent infinitesimal 函数的连续性continuity of a function增量increment函数在x0连续the function is continuous at x0左连续left continuous右连续right continuous区间上的连续函数continuous function函数在该区间上连续function is continuous on an interval不连续点discontinuity point第一类间断点discontinuity point of the first kind第二类间断点discontinuity point of the second kind初等函数的连续性continuity of the elementary functions定义区间defined interval最大值global maximum value (absolute maximum)最小值global minimum value (absolute minimum)零点定理the zero point theorem介值定理intermediate value theorem第二章导数与微分Chapter2 Derivative and Differential速度velocity匀速运动uniform motion平均速度average velocity瞬时速度instantaneous velocity圆的切线tangent line of a circle切线tangent line切线的斜率slope of the tangent line位置函数position function导数derivative可导derivable函数的变化率问题problem of the change rate of a function导函数derived function左导数left-hand derivative右导数right-hand derivative单侧导数one-sided derivatives在闭区间[a, b]上可导is derivable on the closed interval [a,b]切线方程tangent equation角速度angular velocity成本函数cost function边际成本marginal cost链式法则chain rule隐函数implicit function显函数explicit function二阶函数second derivative三阶导数third derivative高阶导数nth derivative莱布尼茨公式Leibniz formula对数求导法log- derivative参数方程parametric equation相关变化率correlative change rata微分differential可微的differentiable函数的微分differential of function自变量的微分differential of independent variable微商differential quotient间接测量误差indirect measurement error绝对误差absolute error相对误差relative error第三章微分中值定理与导数的应用Chapter3 Mean Value Theorem ofDifferentials and the Application ofDerivatives罗马定理Rolle’s theorem费马引理Fermat’s lemma拉格朗日中值定理Lagrange’s mean value theorem驻点stationary point稳定点stable point 临界点critical point辅助函数auxiliary function拉格朗日中值公式Lagrange’s mean value formula柯西中值定理Cauchy’s mean value theorem 洛必达法则L’Hospital’s Rule0/0型不定式indeterminate form of type 0/0 不定式indeterminate form泰勒中值定理Taylor’s mean value theorem 泰勒公式Taylor formula余项remainder term拉格朗日余项Lagrange remainder term麦克劳林公式Maclaurin’s formula佩亚诺公式Peano remainder term凹凸性concavity凹向上的concave upward, cancave up凹向下的,向上凸的concave downward’ concave down拐点inflection point函数的极值extremum of function极大值local(relative) maximum最大值global(absolute) mximum极小值local(relative) minimum最小值global(absolute) minimum目标函数objective function曲率curvature弧微分arc differential平均曲率average curvature曲率园circle of curvature曲率中心center of curvature曲率半径radius of curvature渐屈线evolute渐伸线involute根的隔离isolation of root隔离区间isolation interval切线法tangent line method第四章不定积分Chapter4 Indefinite Integrals原函数primitive function(anti-derivative)积分号sign of integration被积函数integrand积分变量integral variable积分曲线integral curve积分表table of integrals换元积分法integration by substitution分部积分法integration by parts分部积分公式formula of integration by parts 有理函数rational function真分式proper fraction假分式improper fraction第五章定积分Chapter5 Definite Integrals曲边梯形trapezoid with曲边curve edge窄矩形narrow rectangle曲边梯形的面积area of trapezoid with curved edge积分下限lower limit of integral积分上限upper limit of integral积分区间integral interval分割partition积分和integral sum可积integrable矩形法rectangle method积分中值定理mean value theorem of integrals函数在区间上的平均值average value of a function on an integvals牛顿-莱布尼茨公式Newton-Leibniz formula微积分基本公式fundamental formula of calculus换元公式formula for integration by substitution递推公式recurrence formula反常积分improper integral 反常积分发散the improper integral is divergent反常积分收敛the improper integral is convergent无穷限的反常积分improper integral on an infinite interval无界函数的反常积分improper integral of unbounded functions绝对收敛absolutely convergent第六章定积分的应用Chapter6 Applications of the DefiniteIntegrals元素法the element method面积元素element of area平面图形的面积area of a luane figure直角坐标又称“笛卡儿坐标(Cartesian coordinates)”极坐标polar coordinates抛物线parabola椭圆ellipse旋转体的面积volume of a solid of rotation旋转椭球体ellipsoid of revolution, ellipsoid of rotation曲线的弧长arc length of acurve可求长的rectifiable光滑smooth功work水压力water pressure引力gravitation变力variable force第七章空间解析几何与向量代数Chapter7 Space Analytic Geometry andVector Algebra向量vector自由向量free vector单位向量unit vector零向量zero vector相等equal平行parallel向量的线性运算linear poeration of vector三角法则triangle rule平行四边形法则parallelogram rule交换律commutative law结合律associative law负向量negative vector差difference分配律distributive law空间直角坐标系space rectangular coordinates坐标面coordinate plane卦限octant向量的模modulus of vector向量a与b的夹角angle between vector a and b方向余弦direction cosine方向角direction angle向量在轴上的投影projection of a vector onto an axis数量积,外积,叉积scalar product,dot product,inner product曲面方程equation for a surface球面sphere旋转曲面surface of revolution母线generating line轴axis圆锥面cone顶点vertex旋转单叶双曲面revolution hyperboloids of one sheet旋转双叶双曲面revolution hyperboloids of two sheets柱面cylindrical surface ,cylinder圆柱面cylindrical surface准线directrix抛物柱面parabolic cylinder二次曲面quadric surface 椭圆锥面dlliptic cone椭球面ellipsoid单叶双曲面hyperboloid of one sheet双叶双曲面hyperboloid of two sheets旋转椭球面ellipsoid of revolution椭圆抛物面elliptic paraboloid旋转抛物面paraboloid of revolution双曲抛物面hyperbolic paraboloid马鞍面saddle surface椭圆柱面elliptic cylinder双曲柱面hyperbolic cylinder抛物柱面parabolic cylinder空间曲线space curve空间曲线的一般方程general form equations of a space curve空间曲线的参数方程parametric equations of a space curve螺转线spiral螺矩pitch投影柱面projecting cylinder投影projection平面的点法式方程pointnorm form eqyation of a plane法向量normal vector平面的一般方程general form equation of a plane两平面的夹角angle between two planes点到平面的距离distance from a point to a plane空间直线的一般方程general equation of a line in space方向向量direction vector直线的点向式方程pointdirection form equations of a line方向数direction number直线的参数方程parametric equations of a line两直线的夹角angle between two lines垂直perpendicular直线与平面的夹角angle between a line and a planes平面束pencil of planes平面束的方程equation of a pencil of planes 行列式determinant系数行列式coefficient determinant第八章多元函数微分法及其应用Chapter8 Differentiation of Functions ofSeveral Variables and Its Application一元函数function of one variable多元函数function of several variables内点interior point外点exterior point边界点frontier point,boundary point聚点point of accumulation开集openset闭集closed set连通集connected set开区域open region闭区域closed region有界集bounded set无界集unbounded setn维空间n-dimentional space二重极限double limit多元函数的连续性continuity of function of seveal连续函数continuous function不连续点discontinuity point一致连续uniformly continuous偏导数partial derivative对自变量x的偏导数partial derivative with respect to independent variable x高阶偏导数partial derivative of higher order 二阶偏导数second order partial derivative混合偏导数hybrid partial derivative全微分total differential偏增量oartial increment偏微分partial differential 全增量total increment可微分differentiable必要条件necessary condition充分条件sufficient condition叠加原理superpostition principle全导数total derivative中间变量intermediate variable隐函数存在定理theorem of the existence of implicit function曲线的切向量tangent vector of a curve法平面normal plane向量方程vector equation向量值函数vector-valued function切平面tangent plane法线normal line方向导数directional derivative梯度gradient数量场scalar field梯度场gradient field向量场vector field势场potential field引力场gravitational field引力势gravitational potential曲面在一点的切平面tangent plane to a surface at a point曲线在一点的法线normal line to a surface at a point无条件极值unconditional extreme values条件极值conditional extreme values拉格朗日乘数法Lagrange multiplier method 拉格朗日乘子Lagrange multiplier经验公式empirical formula最小二乘法method of least squares均方误差mean square error第九章重积分Chapter9 Multiple Integrals二重积分double integral可加性additivity累次积分iterated integral体积元素volume element三重积分triple integral直角坐标系中的体积元素volume element in rectangular coordinate system柱面坐标cylindrical coordinates柱面坐标系中的体积元素volume element in cylindrical coordinate system球面坐标spherical coordinates球面坐标系中的体积元素volume element in spherical coordinate system反常二重积分improper double integral曲面的面积area of a surface质心centre of mass静矩static moment密度density形心centroid转动惯量moment of inertia参变量parametric variable第十章曲线积分与曲面积分Chapter10 Line (Curve) Integrals andSurface Integrals对弧长的曲线积分line integrals with respect to arc hength第一类曲线积分line integrals of the first type对坐标的曲线积分line integrals with respect to x,y,and z第二类曲线积分line integrals of the second type有向曲线弧directed arc单连通区域simple connected region复连通区域complex connected region格林公式Green formula第一类曲面积分surface integrals of the first type对面的曲面积分surface integrals with respect to area 有向曲面directed surface对坐标的曲面积分surface integrals with respect to coordinate elements第二类曲面积分surface integrals of the second type有向曲面元element of directed surface高斯公式gauss formula拉普拉斯算子Laplace operator格林第一公式Green’s first formula通量flux散度divergence斯托克斯公式Stokes formula环流量circulation旋度rotation,curl第十一章无穷级数Chapter11 Infinite Series一般项general term部分和partial sum余项remainder term等比级数geometric series几何级数geometric series公比common ratio调和级数harmonic series柯西收敛准则Cauchy convergence criteria, Cauchy criteria for convergence正项级数series of positive terms达朗贝尔判别法D’Alembert test柯西判别法Cauchy test交错级数alternating series绝对收敛absolutely convergent条件收敛conditionally convergent柯西乘积Cauchy product函数项级数series of functions发散点point of divergence收敛点point of convergence收敛域convergence domain和函数sum function幂级数power series幂级数的系数coeffcients of power series阿贝尔定理Abel Theorem收敛半径radius of convergence收敛区间interval of convergence泰勒级数Taylor series麦克劳林级数Maclaurin series二项展开式binomial expansion近似计算approximate calculation舍入误差round-off error,rounding error欧拉公式Euler’s formula魏尔斯特拉丝判别法Weierstrass test三角级数trigonometric series振幅amplitude角频率angular frequency初相initial phase矩形波square wave谐波分析harmonic analysis直流分量direct component基波fundamental wave二次谐波second harmonic三角函数系trigonometric function system傅立叶系数Fourier coefficient傅立叶级数Forrier series周期延拓periodic prolongation正弦级数sine series余弦级数cosine series奇延拓odd prolongation偶延拓even prolongation傅立叶级数的复数形式complex form of Fourier series第十二章微分方程Chapter12 Differential Equation解微分方程solve a differential equation常微分方程ordinary differential equation偏微分方程partial differential equation,PDE 微分方程的阶order of a differential equation 微分方程的解solution of a differential equation 微分方程的通解general solution of a differential equation初始条件initial condition微分方程的特解particular solution of a differential equation初值问题initial value problem微分方程的积分曲线integral curve of a differential equation可分离变量的微分方程variable separable differential equation隐式解implicit solution隐式通解inplicit general solution衰变系数decay coefficient衰变decay齐次方程homogeneous equation一阶线性方程linear differential equation of first order非齐次non-homogeneous齐次线性方程homogeneous linear equation 非齐次线性方程non-homogeneous linear equation常数变易法method of variation of constant 暂态电流transient state current稳态电流steady state current伯努利方程Bernoulli equation全微分方程total differential equation积分因子integrating factor高阶微分方程differential equation of higher order悬链线catenary高阶线性微分方程linear differential equation of higher order自由振动的微分方程differential equation of free vibration强迫振动的微分方程differential equation of forced oscillation串联电路的振荡方程oscillation equation of series circuit二阶线性微分方程second order lineardifferential equation线性相关linearly dependence线性无关linearly independence二阶常系数齐次线性微分方程second order homogeneous linear differential equation with constant coefficient二阶变系数齐次线性微分方程second order homogeneous linear differential equation with variable coefficient特征方程characteristic equation无阻尼自由振动的微分方程differential equation of free vibration with zero damping 固有频率natural frequency 简谐振动simple harmonic oscillation,simple harmonic vibration微分算子differential operator待定系数法method of undetermined coefficient共振现象resonance phenomenon欧拉方程Euler equation幂级数解法power series solution数值解法numerial solution勒让德方程Legendre equation微分方程组system of differential equations常系数线性微分方程组system of linear differential equations with constant coefficientV、X、Z:Value of function :函数值Variable :变数Vector :向量Velocity :速度Vertical asymptote :垂直渐近线Volume :体积X-axis :x轴x-coordinate :x坐标x-intercept :x截距Zero vector :函数的零点Zeros of a polynomial :多项式的零点T:Tangent function :正切函数Tangent line :切线Tangent plane :切平面Tangent vector :切向量Total differential :全微分Trigonometric function :三角函数Trigonometric integrals :三角积分Trigonometric substitutions :三角代换法Tripe integrals :三重积分S:Saddle point :鞍点Scalar :纯量Secant line :割线Second derivative :二阶导数Second Derivative Test :二阶导数试验法Second partial derivative :二阶偏导数Sector :扇形Sequence :数列Series :级数Set :集合Shell method :剥壳法Sine function :正弦函数Singularity :奇点Slant asymptote :斜渐近线Slope :斜率Slope-intercept equation of a line :直线的斜截式Smooth curve :平滑曲线Smooth surface :平滑曲面Solid of revolution :旋转体Space :空间Speed :速率Spherical coordinates :球面坐标Squeeze Theorem :夹挤定理Step function :阶梯函数Strictly decreasing :严格递减Strictly increasing :严格递增Sum :和Surface :曲面Surface integral :面积分Surface of revolution :旋转曲面Symmetry :对称R:Radius of convergence :收敛半径Range of a function :函数的值域Rate of change :变化率Rational function :有理函数Rationalizing substitution :有理代换法Rational number :有理数Real number :实数Rectangular coordinates :直角坐标Rectangular coordinate system :直角坐标系Relative maximum and minimum :相对极大值与极小值Revenue function :收入函数Revolution , solid of :旋转体Revolution , surface of :旋转曲面Riemann Sum :黎曼和Riemannian geometry :黎曼几何Right-hand derivative :右导数Right-hand limit :右极限Root :根P、Q:Parabola :拋物线Parabolic cylinder :抛物柱面Paraboloid :抛物面Parallelepiped :平行六面体Parallel lines :并行线Parameter :参数Partial derivative :偏导数Partial differential equation :偏微分方程Partial fractions :部分分式Partial integration :部分积分Partiton :分割Period :周期Periodic function :周期函数Perpendicular lines :垂直线Piecewise defined function 分段定义函数Plane :平面Point of inflection :反曲点Polar axis :极轴Polar coordinate :极坐标Polar equation :极方程式Pole :极点Polynomial :多项式Positive angle :正角Point-slope form :点斜式Power function :幂函数Product :积Quadrant :象限Quotient Law of limit 极限的商定律Quotient Rule :商定律M、N、O:Maximum and minimum values :极大与极小值Mean Value Theorem :均值定理Multiple integrals :重积分Multiplier :乘子Natural exponential function 自然指数函数Natural logarithm function 自然对数函数Natural number :自然数Normal line :法线Normal vector :法向量Number :数Octant :卦限Odd function :奇函数One-sided limit :单边极限Open interval :开区间Optimization problems :最佳化问题Order :阶Ordinary differential equation :常微分方程Origin :原点Orthogonal :正交的L:Laplace transform :Leplace 变换Law of Cosines :余弦定理Least upper bound :最小上界Left-hand derivative :左导数Left-hand limit :左极限Lemniscate :双钮线Length :长度Level curve :等高线L'Hospital's rule 洛必达法则Limacon :蚶线Limit :极限Linear approximation:线性近似Linear equation :线性方程式Linear function :线性函数Linearity :线性Linearization :线性化Line in the plane :平面上之直线Line in space :空间之直线Lobachevski geometry 罗巴切夫斯基几何Local extremum :局部极值Local maximum and minimum 局部极大值与极小值Logarithm :对数Logarithmic function :对数函数I:Implicit differentiation :隐求导法Implicit function :隐函数Improper integral :瑕积分Increasing/Decreasing Test 递增或递减试验法Increment :增量Increasing Function :增函数Indefinite integral :不定积分Independent variable :自变数Indeterminate from :不定型Inequality :不等式Infinite point :无穷极限Infinite series :无穷级数Inflection point :反曲点Instantaneous velocity :瞬时速度Integer :整数Integral :积分Integrand :被积分式Integration :积分Integration by part :分部积分法Intercepts :截距Intermediate value of Theorem 中间值定理Interval :区间Inverse function :反函数Inverse trigonometric function反三角函数Iterated integral :逐次积分H:Higher mathematics 高等数学/高数E、F、G、H:Ellipse :椭圆Ellipsoid :椭圆体Epicycloid :外摆线Equation :方程式Even function :偶函数Expected Valued :期望值Exponential Function :指数函数Exponents , laws of :指数率Extreme value :极值Extreme Value Theorem :极值定理Factorial :阶乘First Derivative Test :一阶导数试验法First octant :第一卦限Focus :焦点Fractions :分式Function :函数Fundamental Theorem of Calculus :微积分基本定理Geometric series :几何级数Gradient :梯度Graph :图形Green Formula :格林公式Half-angle formulas :半角公式Harmonic series :调和级数Helix :螺旋线Higher Derivative :高阶导数Horizontal asymptote :水平渐近线Horizontal line :水平线Hyperbola :双曲线Hyper boloid :双曲面D:Decreasing function :递减函数Decreasing sequence :递减数列Definite integral :定积分Degree of a polynomial :多项式之次数Density :密度Derivative :导数of a composite function :复合函数之导数of a constant function :常数函数之导数directional :方向导数domain of :导数之定义域of exponential function :指数函数之导数higher :高阶导数partial :偏导数of a power function :幂函数之导数of a power series :羃级数之导数of a product :积之导数of a quotient :商之导数as a rate of change :导数当作变率right-hand :右导数second :二阶导数as the slope of a tangent 导数看成切线之斜率Determinant :行列式Differentiable function 可导函数Differential :微分Differential equation :微分方程partial :偏微分方程Differentiation :求导法implicit :隐求导法partial :偏微分法term by term :逐项求导法Directional derivatives :方向导数Discontinuity :不连续性Disk method :圆盘法Distance :距离Divergence :发散Domain :定义域Dot product :点积Double integral :二重积分change of variable in二重积分之变数变换in polar coordinates :极坐标二重积分C:Calculus :微积分differential :微分学integral :积分学Cartesian coordinates :笛卡儿坐标一般指直角坐标Cartesian coordinates system 笛卡儿坐标系Cauch’s Mean Value Theorem 柯西均值定理Chain Rule :连锁律Change of variables :变数变换Circle :圆Circular cylinder :圆柱Closed interval :封闭区间Coefficient :系数Composition of function :函数之合成Compound interest :复利Concavity :凹性Conchoid :蚌线Cone :圆锥Constant function :常数函数Constant of integration :积分常数Continuity :连续性at a point :在一点处之连续性of a function :函数之连续性on an interval :在区间之连续性from the left :左连续from the right :右连续Continuous function :连续函数Convergence :收敛interval of :收敛区间radius of :收敛半径Convergent sequence :收敛数列series :收敛级数Coordinate:s:坐标Cartesian :笛卡儿坐标cylindrical :柱面坐标polar :极坐标rectangular :直角坐标spherical :球面坐标Coordinate axes :坐标轴Coordinate planes :坐标平面Cosine function :余弦函数Critical point :临界点Cubic function :三次函数Curve :曲线Cylinder:圆柱Cylindrical Coordinates :圆柱坐标A、B:Absolute convergence :绝对收敛Absolute extreme values :绝对极值Absolute maximum and minimum 绝对极大与极小Absolute value :绝对值Absolute value function :绝对值函数Acceleration :加速度Antiderivative :反导数Approximate integration :近似积分Approximation :逼近法by differentials :用微分逼近linear :线性逼近法by Simpson’s Rule :Simpson法则逼近法by the Trapezoidal Rule 梯形法则逼近法Arbitrary constant :任意常数Arc length :弧长Area :面积under a curve :曲线下方之面积between curves :曲线间之面积in polar coordinates :极坐标表示之面积of a sector of a circle :扇形之面积of a surface of a revolution 旋转曲面之面积Asymptote :渐近线horizontal :水平渐近线slant :斜渐近线vertical :垂直渐近线Average speed :平均速率Average velocity :平均速度Axes, coordinate :坐标轴Axes of ellipse :椭圆之轴Binomial series :二项级数微积分专有名词中英文对照absolutely convergent 绝对收敛absolute value 绝对值algebraic function 代数函数analytic geometry 解析几何antiderivative 不定积分approximate integration 近似积分approximation 近似法、逼近法arbitrary constant 任意常数arithmetic series/progression (AP)算数级数asymptotes (vertical and horizontal)(垂直/水平)渐近线average rate of change 平均变化率base 基数binomial theorem 二项式定理,二项展开式Cartesian coordinates 笛卡儿坐标(一般指直角坐标)Cartesian coordinates system 笛卡儿坐标系Cauch’s Mean Value Theorem 柯西均值定理chain rule 链式求导法则calculus 微积分学closed interval integral 闭区间积分coefficient 系数composite function 复合函数conchoid 蚌线continuity (函数的)连续性concavity (函数的)凹凸性conditionally convergent 有条件收敛continuity 连续性critical point 临界点cubic function 三次函数cylindrical coordinates 圆柱坐标decreasing function 递减函数decreasing sequence 递减数列definite integral 定积分derivative 导数determinant 行列式differential coefficient 微分系数differential equation 微分方程directional derivative 方向导数discontinuity 不连续性discriminant (二次函数)判别式disk method 圆盘法divergence 散度divergent 发散的domain 定义域dot product 点积double integral 二重积分ellipse 椭圆ellipsoid 椭圆体epicycloid 外摆线Euler's method (BC)欧拉法expected valued 期望值exponential function 指数函数extreme value heorem 极值定理factorial 阶乘finite series 有限级数fundamental theorem of calculus 微积分基本定理geometric series/progression (GP)几何级数gradient 梯度Green formula 格林公式half-angle formulas 半角公式harmonic series 调和级数helix 螺旋线higher derivative 高阶导数horizontal asymptote 水平渐近线horizontal line 水平线hyperbola 双曲线hyper boloid 双曲面implicit differentiation 隐函数求导implicit function 隐函数improper integral 广义积分、瑕积分increment 增量increasing function 增函数indefinite integral 不定积分independent variable 自变数inequality 不等式ndeterminate form 不定型infinite point 无穷极限infinite series 无穷级数infinite series 无限级数inflection point (POI) 拐点initial condition 初始条件instantaneous rate of change 瞬时变化率integrable 可积的integral 积分integrand 被积分式integration 积分integration by part 分部积分法intercept 截距intermediate value of Theorem :中间值定理inverse function 反函数irrational function 无理函数iterated integral 逐次积分Laplace transform 拉普拉斯变换law of cosines 余弦定理least upper bound 最小上界left-hand derivative 左导数left-hand limit 左极限L'Hospital's rule 洛必达法则limacon 蚶线linear approximation 线性近似法linear equation 线性方程式linear function 线性函数linearity 线性linearization 线性化local maximum 极大值local minimum 极小值logarithmic function 对数函数MacLaurin series 麦克劳林级数maximum 最大值mean value theorem (MVT)中值定理minimum 最小值method of lagrange multipliers 拉格朗日乘数法modulus 绝对值multiple integral 多重积分multiple 倍数multiplier 乘子octant 卦限open interval integral 开区间积分optimization 优化法,极值法origin 原点orthogonal 正交parametric equation (BC)参数方程partial derivative 偏导数partial differential equation 偏微分方程partial fractions 部分分式piece-wise function 分段函数parabola 抛物线parabolic cylinder 抛物柱面paraboloid :抛物面parallelepiped 平行六面体parallel lines 并行线parameter :参数partial integration 部分积分partiton :分割period :周期periodic function 周期函数perpendicular lines 垂直线piecewise defined function 分段定义函数plane 平面point of inflection 反曲点point-slope form 点斜式polar axis 极轴polar coordinates 极坐标polar equation 极坐标方程pole 极点polynomial 多项式power series 幂级数product rule 积的求导法则quadrant 象限quadratic functions 二次函数quotient rule 商的求导法则radical 根式radius of convergence 收敛半径range 值域(related) rate of change with time (时间)变化率rational function 有理函数reciprocal 倒数remainder theorem 余数定理Riemann sum 黎曼和Riemannian geometry 黎曼几何right-hand limit 右极限Rolle's theorem 罗尔(中值)定理root 根rotation 旋转secant line 割线second derivative 二阶导数second derivative test 二阶导数试验法second partial derivative 二阶偏导数series 级数shell method (积分)圆筒法sine function 正弦函数singularity 奇点slant 母线slant asymptote 斜渐近线slope 斜率slope-intercept equation of a line 直线的斜截式smooth curve 平滑曲线smooth surface 平滑曲面solid of revolution 旋转体symmetry 对称性substitution 代入法、变量代换tangent function 正切函数tangent line 切线tangent plane 切(平)面tangent vector 切矢量taylor's series 泰勒级数three-dimensional analytic geometry 空间解析几何total differentiation 全微分trapezoid rule 梯形(积分)法则。
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数学名词中英文对照 Document number【AA80KGB-AA98YT-AAT8CB-2A6UT-A18GG】数学名词中英文对照数学mathematics,maths(bre),math(ame)公理axiom定理theorem计算calculation运算operation证明prove假设hypothesis,hypotheses(pl.)命题proposition算术arithmetic加plus(prep.),add(v.),addition(n.)被加数augend,summand加数addend和sum减minus(prep.),subtract(v.),subtraction(n.)被减数minuend减数subtrahend差remainder乘times(prep.),multiply(v.),multiplication(n.)被乘数multiplicand,faciend乘数multiplicator积product除dividedby(prep.),divide(v.),division(n.) 被除数dividend除数divisor商quotient等于equals,isequalto,isequivalentto大于isgreaterthan小于islesserthan大于等于isequalorgreaterthan小于等于isequalorlesserthan运算符operator平均数mean算术平均数arithmaticmean几何平均数geometricmeann个数之积的n次方根倒数(reciprocal)x的倒数为1/x有理数rationalnumber无理数irrationalnumber实数realnumber虚数imaginarynumber数字digit数number自然数naturalnumber整数integer小数decimal小数点decimalpoint分数fraction分子numerator分母denominator比ratio正positive负negative零null,zero,nought,nil十进制decimalsystem二进制binarysystem十六进制hexadecimalsystem 权weight,significance进位carry截尾truncation四舍五入round下舍入rounddown上舍入roundup有效数字significantdigit无效数字insignificantdigit代数algebra公式formula,formulae(pl.)单项式monomial多项式polynomial,multinomial系数coefficient未知数unknown,x-factor,y-factor,z-factor 等式,方程式equation一次方程simpleequation二次方程quadraticequation三次方程cubicequation四次方程quarticequation不等式inequation阶乘factorial对数logarithm指数,幂exponent乘方power二次方,平方square三次方,立方cube四次方thepoweroffour,thefourthpower n次方thepowerofn,thenthpower开方evolution,extraction二次方根,平方根squareroot三次方根,立方根cuberoot四次方根therootoffour,thefourthroot n次方根therootofn,thenthrootsqrt(2)=sqrt(3)=sqrt(5)=常量constant变量variable坐标系coordinates坐标轴x-axis,y-axis,z-axis 横坐标x-coordinate纵坐标y-coordinate原点origin象限quadrant截距(有正负之分)intercede (方程的)解solution几何geometry点point线line面plane体solid线段segment射线radial平行parallel相交intersect角angle角度degree弧度radian锐角acuteangle直角rightangle钝角obtuseangle平角straightangle周角perigon底base边side高height三角形triangle锐角三角形acutetriangle直角三角形righttriangle直角边leg斜边hypotenuse勾股定理pythagoreantheorem钝角三角形obtusetriangle不等边三角形scalenetriangle 等腰三角形isoscelestriangle 等边三角形equilateraltriangle 四边形quadrilateral平行四边形parallelogram 矩形rectangle长length宽width周长perimeter面积area相似similar全等congruent三角trigonometry正弦sine余弦cosine正切tangent余切cotangent正割secant余割cosecant反正弦arcsine反余弦arccosine反正切arctangent反余切arccotangent反正割arcsecant反余割arccosecant补充:集合aggregate元素element空集void子集subset交集intersection并集union补集complement映射mapping函数function定义域domain,fieldofdefinition 值域range单调性monotonicity奇偶性parity周期性periodicity图象image数列,级数series微积分calculus微分differential导数derivative极限limit无穷大infinite(a.)infinity(n.) 无穷小infinitesimal积分integral定积分definiteintegral不定积分indefiniteintegral复数complexnumber矩阵matrix行列式determinant圆circle圆心centre(bre),center(ame)半径radius直径diameter圆周率pi弧arc半圆semicircle扇形sector环ring椭圆ellipse圆周circumference轨迹locus,loca(pl.)平行六面体parallelepiped 立方体cube七面体heptahedron八面体octahedron九面体enneahedron十面体decahedron十一面体hendecahedron十二面体dodecahedron二十面体icosahedron多面体polyhedron旋转rotation轴axis球sphere半球hemisphere底面undersurface表面积surfacearea体积volume空间space双曲线hyperbola抛物线parabola四面体tetrahedron五面体pentahedron六面体hexahedron菱形rhomb,rhombus,rhombi(pl.),diamond 正方形square梯形trapezoid直角梯形righttrapezoid等腰梯形isoscelestrapezoid五边形pentagon六边形hexagon七边形heptagon八边形octagon九边形enneagon十边形decagon十一边形hendecagon十二边形dodecagon多边形polygon正多边形equilateralpolygon相位phase周期period振幅amplitude内心incentre(bre),incenter(ame)外心excentre(bre),excenter(ame)旁心escentre(bre),escenter(ame)垂心orthocentre(bre),orthocenter(ame)重心barycentre(bre),barycenter(ame)内切圆inscribedcircle外切圆circumcircle统计statistics平均数average加权平均数weightedaverage方差variance标准差root-mean-squaredeviation,standarddeviation比例propotion百分比percent百分点percentage百分位数percentile排列permutation组合combination概率,或然率probability分布distribution正态分布normaldistribution非正态分布abnormaldistribution 图表graph条形统计图bargraph柱形统计图histogram折线统计图brokenlinegraph曲线统计图curvediagram扇形统计图piediagram。