上海外国语大学考研比较文学基础理论与汉外互译真题2013
上海外国语大学
与此同时，山东大学等院校的学生转来学习（1957年），上海第一师范学院外语系英语专业并入学校（1958年）。学校于1958年开办夜校部，设英语、德语、法语、俄语4个语种，第一批学员2200人入学。同年又接受上海市委财贸部和上海市外贸局的委托，开设外贸外语系，设英语、德语、法语、日语、阿拉伯语、西班牙语等6个语种，其间，外贸外语系最终于1978年转入上海对外贸易学院（现上海对外经贸大学）。
科研成果总数（件）
1102
其中：学术著、译作（本）
93
其中：学术期刊论文（篇）
891
其中：工具书与教材（本）
105
其中：政府咨询报告（份）
13[4]
2010年上海外国语大学科研立项一览表
负责人项目名称项目来源项目类别经费
廖昌胤当代英美悖论诗学的反思研究全国哲社办国家社科基金一般项目12万元
傅玉英汉省略结构的形式化对比研究全国哲社办国家社科基金青年项目10万元
法语系
魁北克研究中心
英美文学研究中心
西方语系
葡萄牙语中心
翻译批评研究中心
国际工商管理学院
东方管理研究中心
英语教学测试研究中心
公共关系研究院
比较文化研究中心
电子政务国际化研究中心
德语系
德语文学研究中心
2013上外研究生考试法语试卷
①fallu②faut③fallue④fallait
3. Votre camion est trop lourdpasser sur ce pont.
①afin de②à③de④pour
4.quoi puis-je vous être utile ?
①A②En③Par④De
5.Pars tranquille. Je veilleraita petite soeur.
ⅣCompréhension écrite(30points)
Texte1:une visite au poète
J’ai dit à Philippe :
-Nous allons voir un poète, M Ponge. M Ponge habite à Viresac. Le connaissez-vous ?
Choisissez la meilleure réponse (15points)
1.En général, je ne mange pas de gâteaux, saufqui sont au chocolat.
①ce② celui③celles④ceux
2.Quelle attention il nous apour échapper au piège.
4.Bien que M Ponge n’ait pas fait ses études secondaires, il a du talent pour la poésie.
上海外国语大学英语语言文学专业考研研究方向解析
上海外国语大学英语语言文学专业考研研究方向解析上外英语语言文学专业共有语言学方向、英美文学方向、比较文学方向、应用语言学方向、翻译研究（笔译）方向、翻译研究（口译）方向、英语国家文化研究、跨文化交际这几个方向。
需要注意的是，由于复试时各研究方向的复试内容有所不同。
上外要求考生在报考时选定研究方向，一旦选定研究方向，之后无法更改。
各研究方向的课程设置和研究内容都有所不同，下面我们将为大家分别介绍。
1.语言学方向主要研究内容：要求学生全面地了解现代语言学的基础理论、研究成果、研究方法及最新发展，并能应用这些理论成果指导自己的语言科研，对具体的语言现象作出解释。
研究内容包括音系学、形态学、句法学、语义学、语用学、语法学、修辞学、文体学、社会语言学、对比语言学、心理语言学、认知语言学、应用语言学。
就业方向：该专业理论性较强，主要面向大中专教师及研究人员。
所学课程：音系学、句法学、功能语法、形态学、心理语言学、媒介话语修辞分析、语用翻译研究等。
2.英美文学方向主要研究内容：要求学生对英国文学和美国文学的历史及各个时期的主要流派有比较系统的了解，熟悉英美两国的小说、诗歌和戏剧的代表人物与重要作品，有选择地对某一重要流派或作家进行深入地研究，并学会用正确的文艺理论和批评方法进行文学评论。
就业方向：此方向开设学校多，招生人数较多，就业范围非常广泛，一般为教师、研究人员。
所学课程：美国戏剧、现代英国小说、战后英国小说、19世纪英国散文、文学与学位论文写作、莎士比亚研究、美国诗歌研究、英语诗歌、文艺复兴时代英国戏剧、文学与文化理论等。
3.比较文学方向主要研究内容：要求学生掌握基本的比较文学理论和研究方法，了解国际比较文学发展现状和学科前沿问题，熟悉英美文学史和中国文学史，运用比较文学方法，研究英美文学在中国的译介和中国文学在英美的传播与接受；研究中英、中美文学关系以及从文化层面进行中英、中美文学、文化比较，探讨中英、中美文化交流中的问题。
2013年上海大学357英语翻译基础考研真题(回忆版)-复制
2013年上海大学357英语翻译基础考研真题(回忆版)1，5 个词语互译。
全是中译英，清一色政治，偏政治性是预料中的，去年就是，好在看了ZF 报告北京周报和领导人讲话，明年考的亲要注意了，政府文件很重要。
A 文化软实力，B 文化自觉，C 贴近实际、贴近生活、贴近群众，D 食品安全法，E 反不正当竞争法。
1 个理论简答。
“What do you think of the statement that different types of text call for differentapproaches to its translating?”没有字数限制。
正好背过一篇作文说了一些译法和文本genres ，写得还算顺畅。
2，中译英。
政府文件(看来多看政府文件是很有帮助的)。
人力资源服务业白皮书节选的二段。
没啥刁钻的单词就是十八大，十二五规划纲要什么的也是比较常见。
原文在网上没找到。
3，英译中。
是丹·布朗《圣诞的密码》二页A4 纸，较易懂，个别专用名词生词如HoolaHoop,Exeter baseball cap,Epcot,Phillies cap....讲的是圣诞节Brown 家庭的习俗Christmas Code 。
大致文意是作者和三个兄弟姐妹还有留学交换生Bea 一起找线索的故事，谜底就是EPCOT 五个字母，其实就是布朗父母给他们的礼物，那就是去Walt DisneyEpcot Center，大家都兴奋地手舞足蹈，最后就说这是最美好的一个圣诞节。
原文：Every family has its own holiday traditions. In the Brown household, Christmaswas always a time of delicious food, sing-alongs, colorful gifts, and mysterious codes.Yes, codes.When I was a kid, no Christmas morning was complete without the annual treasure hunt.When the last present under the Christmas tree had been opened, my siblings and I knew thatthere still remained one "big" present hidden somewhere in the house for us to find. Our onlyhope of locating it was a cryptic clue that traditionally resided in a lone envelope perched high onthe tree, out of our reach.One year the envelope contained a particularly mind-boggling treasure hunt that mybrother, sister and I still recall as The "TOCEP" Christmas Mystery. (In fact, this treasure huntdirectly inspired the scene on page 111 of The Da Vinci Code.)That was the year we had a foreign exchange student living with us. Bea wasSouth African and understandably was somewhat overwhelmed by the frenziedanticipation that led up to an American Christmas. Nonetheless, she embraced thedecorating, singing, and cooking with a zeal that made the holidays doubly special forus that year. So it was with great happiness, on Christmas morning, after all the presentswere opened, that my parents handed Bea the mysterious envelope and explained to her theBrown tradition of a Christmas Quest.Looking amazed that such a tradition could exist, Bea excitedly opened the envelope. Thepoem inside announced that this year's quest involved locating five letters of the alphabet, whichhad been hidden around the house. According to the poem’s final stanza, the first letter we needed to find was "T."You seek a letter in a nook(It's very hard to see).But of the places you might look,There’s just one spot for "T."Only one spot for T?My little brother Greg was the first to figure it out. He leapt up and dashed into the kitchen. We all ran after him as he retrieved a stool, dragged it into the breakfastnook, climbed up onto the counter, and grabbed the canister in which my mother kept her tea bags. Sure enough, inside was a note card emblazoned with the letter "T."Brilliant!Along with the letter "T" we found another clue, which ingeniously guided usdown to the basement where we found the letter "O" taped to an O-shaped HoolaHoop.Again, fiendishly clever!From there more clues led us all over the house. In the kitchen we found the letter"C" stuffed in a Vitamin C container. In the mud-room, the letter "E" was hiddeninside my Exeter baseball cap (bearing that same letter).By then, we had located four letters (T-O-C-E), and still we felt no closer tounderstanding our mysterious prize. We hoped the fifth and final letter would make it all come clear. The final clue, however, was baffling.The final letter in your quest,Is simple as can be.It's hidden in a special roomQuite natural for a "P."A special room quite natural for a P?I looked in the pantry around the canned peas. Nothing.My little brother checked his bedroom for his Phillies cap. Nothing.A natural place for "P"?It was Beatrice, our exchange student (having learned a good amount of American slang), who suddenly gasped, jumped to her feet, and dashed up the stairs. For a moment, my siblings and I thought she was ill... but then we heard her shriek with joy. We raced upstairs to find Beain the bathroom, laughing hysterically and pointing into the toilet. We peered inside, and there,to our enormous delight, we found the letter "P" taped inside the toilet bowl."P" in the toilet!The joke left all four of us kids rolling on the floor in hysterics. Surely my parentshad to be the two funniest people alive. Finally, when we all could breathe again, wehurried back to the living room to decipher the meaning of these five mysteriouslettersT-O-C-E-P?We spread the letters out on the living room floor and stared at them.T...O...C...E...P?They meant nothing to us.It was my younger sister Valerie who saw it first. She drew a startled breath andspun to my parents in disbelief. "No!" she exclaimed. "Really?"My parents were beaming. "Really. We leave tomorrow morning."The rest of us kids watched in rapt animation as little Valerie victoriously rearranged the five letters TOCEP.... to spell one magical word: EPCOT. Instantly, all four kids were dancing around the room, whooping for joy, chanting "Epcot! Epcot!" Even our exchange student Bea had heard of Walt Disney World's Epcot Center, and she joined in the dance. It was a dream come true. The very next morning, we allboarded a plane for Epcot.It was the best Christmas ever.。
2013中级口译真题
2013中级口译真题
《上海市外语口译岗位资格证书》培训与考试项目是上海市委组织部、上海市人事局、上海市教育委员会、上海市成人教育委员会等政府部门共同设立的上海市紧缺人才培训工程的高层项目之一。又称SIA(Shanghai Interpretation Accreditation),考试每年开考两次。3月中旬和9月中旬的一个周日为综合笔试，合格者可参加口试。上海市外语口译岗位资格证书考试项目1994年启动，1997年3月开考了英语中级口译。1997年9月开考了日语口译。十年来，报考总人数已达150000人。基本要求一名合格的译员应具有听、说、读、写、译五项基本技能且都能达到较高的水准。因此，对于选英语中级口译课的学生也应有较高的要求。一) 听力能力和水平提高听力水平是其它基本技能发展的关键，也是综合英语交际能力的基础，要求学生达到四听懂、两听译。1.听懂一般说话者的含意；2.听懂交际英语会话；3.听懂一般性讲座；4.听懂一般广播或电视短篇；5.听懂和理解英语短句并译成汉语；6.听懂和理解英语片段并译成汉语。二) 笔译能力和水平译者不仅具有较高的英文水平，而且对汉语亦应有较深的造诣；否则会造成理解上的困惑和措辞上困难。译者应知识渊博，广泛涉猎。这样笔译时才能得心应手，游刃有余。笔译是文字工作，差之毫厘，失之千里。下笔应慎之又慎，切忌马虎懈怠。三) 口语能力和水平1.具有口头交际手段的能力。2.具有良好的口语能力，可从事一般的生活翻译、陪同翻译、国际研讨会翻译以及外事接待、外贸业务洽谈等工作。四) 口译能力和水平1.具有基本口译技能，可从事一般的生活翻译、陪同翻译、国际研讨会翻译以及外事接待、外贸业务洽谈等工作。2.英语中级口译考试旨在测试考生的“英译汉”和“汉译英”的口译能力以及对口译基本技巧的掌握程度。考生在口译时应能准确传达原话意思，语音、语调正确，表达流畅、通顺，句法规范，语气恰当，用词妥切。3.考生应具有口译短篇演讲文的能力。4.考生应具有良好的听译能力。即逐句听事先录制好的原文，然后逐句将原文的内容准确而又流利地从来源语口译成目标语。编辑本段考试介绍上海中级口译考试1. 报考对象：任何人都可以报考2. 考试难度：目前笔试难度逐年增加，阅读文章均选自外刊，未做任何修改，阅读难度相当与托福阅读难度，并且有和高口接轨的趋势。听力部分难度比较大，尤其是听译，更加考验考生的水平。总体来说，中口笔试的难度要高于CET6，高口笔试难度高于TEM8。3. 考试形式：根据口译特点，以测试口译水平为主要目标，从听、说、读、译（笔译、口译）等四个方面对考生的语言运用能力进行全面测试。考试采取客观试题与主观试题相结合，单项技能测试与综合技能测试相结合的方式，如在第一阶段笔试中，客观试题约占笔试试卷总分的35%，主观试题约占笔试试卷总分的65%4. 考试分两个阶段：笔试、口试笔试共分四部分。总考试时间为150分钟，满分为250分。（150分合格）1: 听力40分钟/90分；2：阅读50分钟/60分；3：英译汉30分钟/50分；4：汉译英30分钟/50分。凡第一阶段合格的考生方可参加第二阶段口试。5. 第二阶段口试共分两部分：口语与口译。考试时间为25分钟左右6. 每年的3月、9月进行笔试，笔试后1个月左右进行口试。7. 考试时间：13:30分：进考场 ；14:00: 正式考试 ；14:40: 听力结束 ；16:30: 结束考试 上海中级口译笔试分值A：听力：1: spot dictation: 20空/30分；B: listening comprehension: 30题/30分 ；C: 听译：5句子+2短文/30分。D: 阅读：30题/60分 ；E: 英译汉/50分；F: 汉译英/50分。 上海中级口译听力1: spot dictation ;2: statements 10个题 (4个选项中选一个与所听到的句子意思最接近的 ；3: talks and conversations 20个题（根据提问4个选一个答案）4: listening translation : 1 sentence translation 5句;2 passage translation 2段编辑本段口试流程中级口译口试：第一部分 3-minute talk这部分要求大家在规定的三分钟内就所给的一个英文题目进行口语表达。要求做到无重大语法错误，表达流畅，能围绕题目进行论点阐述，论证，无偏题，跑题问题。第二部分 4 passages of interpretation这部分共有四段口译，两段英翻中，两段中翻英。每一段分四小段翻完，即共有十六小段。每小段通常在两到三小句，其中至少应有一句长难复杂句。每小段结束后磁带中发出“嘟”的声音，考生必须在第二声“嘟”之前把听到的段落翻译出来。每小段间隔时间约为22到25秒钟。每小段字数大约为60-80字。 口试评分标准及通过率口试与笔试最大的区别在于没有具体的分数，而只有及格与不及格之分。中级口译共十六小段，必须要确保翻对其中的十一小段。即最多只能错五小段。如只翻对十小段，错六小段，虽然只差一小段，但结果仍然是不过。所以口试是相对来说比较残酷的。这也是口试通过率特别低的主要原因，中口一般为不超过30%，高口一般不超过20%。如一个考场一天有二十名考生，中口最多过六到七人，高口最多过三到四人。具体到每小段的时候，考官会遵循三分之二正确率的原则。即如一小段中有六个关键信息，考生必须正确翻出至少三分之二的内容才算这小段通过，如翻对二分之一，则算不及格。编辑本段报名时间笔试报名时间：每年6月20-26日，12月19日-30日3月的考试报名时间通常在前一年的12月19日-12月30日9月的考试报名时间在当年的6月20日-6月26日。如果是明年3月的中级口译，那么今年12月19日-30日就要准备报名请于每年的4月或10月的上旬在本网“新闻公告”栏查询报名日期及注意事项编辑本段报名费英语高级口译报名费210元；英语中级口译报名费186元，口译+笔试一共是396元PS:1、上海考点报名一律不收代办费；2、长三角地区另收代办费20元/人次；3、其他省市考点另收代办费30元/人次。编辑本段报名地点1、口译考试办公室报名点：浦东东方路121号（后门钱仓路400号） 电话:63774103[笔试、日语口试报名点]2、第二工业大学成人与继续教育学院报名点：陕西北路80号底楼103室 电话：62534086[笔试报名点]3、上海外国语大学继续教育学院：大连西路550号三号楼底楼中门厅 电话:65422405 [笔试、英语口试报名点]4、上海交大外语学院：华山路1954号教学二楼316室 电话:62932471 [笔试报名点]5、PCEC明天学院： 国权路580弄1号（复旦大学步行街）电话:55664355 [笔试报名点]6、松江大学城：文汇路169号-上海对外贸易学院成人教育学院招生报名处 电话：67703141[笔试报名点]编辑本段考点1、笔试考点：（1）上海外国语大学（2）上海财经大学（3）东华大学（4）华东师范大学（5）上海远程教育集团学习广场（原上海电视大学考点）（6）上海对外贸易学院（7）华东理工大学（8）上海师范大学（9）上海应用技术学院（10）上海工程技术大学2、口试考点：（1）上海外国语大学（英语高级口译口试、英语中级口译口试、英语口译基础能力笔试、口试）（2）上海应用技术学院（日语高级口译、日语中级口译）3.外省市报名点和考点：（一）南京：1、南京金陵国际语言进修学院（笔试、英语口试报名点；英语口试承办单位）报名地址：南京市长江路262号2、南京师范大学（笔试承办单位）单位地址：南京市亚东新城区文苑路1号（二）宁波：宁波市人事考试中心（笔试、英语口试报名点；笔试、英语口试承办单位）报名地址：宁波市柳汀街557号（三）杭州：杭州市人事考试中心（笔试、英语口试报名点；笔试承办单位）报名地址：杭州市文晖路97号（四）苏州：苏州大学外国语学院（笔试、英语口试报名点；笔试承办单位）报名地址：苏州市十梓街1号苏州大学本部崇远楼109室（五）青岛：青岛大学师范学院英语系（笔试、英语口试报名点；笔试承办单位）报名地址：青岛市青大一路16号教学楼518室（六）武汉：1、湖北楚才考试服务有限公司（笔试、英语口试报名点；笔试、英语口试承办单位）报名地址：武汉市东湖路147号2、武汉江岸区华英口译培训学校（笔试报名点）报名地址：武汉洪山路2号湖北科教大厦A座1502室（七）深圳：深圳市新世界文化发展有限公司（笔试、英语口试报名点；笔试承办单位）报名地址：深圳市深南中路新闻大厦2号楼7楼（八）烟台：鲁东大学外国语学院（笔试、英语口试报名点；笔试承办单位）报名地址：烟台市芝罘区世学路184号10号楼109室（九）南昌：南昌大学外国语学院（笔试、英语口试报名点；笔试承办单位）报名地址：南昌市前湖校区学府大道1066号外经楼318室（十）无锡：1、江南大学外国语学院（蠡湖校区）（笔试、英语口试报名点；笔试承办单位）报名地址：无锡市蠡湖大道1800号文科楼A243外国语学院资料室2、江南大学报名点（笔试、英语口试报名点）报名地址：无锡市人民东路20号现代广场3楼306��
2013年上海外国语大学汉语国际教育考研状元笔记、历年真题、复习方案、三大法宝、状元经验交流、参考书
现在汉语国际教育考研趋于白热化时期，竞争异常激烈。
所以，很多非名校的学生总是处于惆怅复杂的心态之下，阻挡了前进的步伐。
在此，提醒广大考生：心态是考研是否成功的重要因素。
同学们在考研路上遇到了难以解决的问题，请同学们想起育明，育明每年培养出众多全国高校汉硕的研究生，其中包括不少初试复试状元。
考研选择了育明就选择正确的团队伴你一起备战：一个人不可能完成的事业，多人齐心协力众志成城铸造成功。
育明教育倾心为全国汉硕考生打造价值2500元的精品视频课程，包括汉硕考研两门专业课内容深度讲解，涵盖了全部考点。
同时育明教育随视频赠送相应考研资料（状元笔记、历年真题及解析）。
整套汉硕秘籍适用于全国非名校，本专业成绩一般，跨专业基础薄弱，但都梦想着专业课考出高分的学子们。
2014年汉语国际教育视频课程+近三年真题+状元笔记+公共课阅卷人一对一指导=2500元7月1日前报名，8折优惠汉语国际教育考研高分笔记原版贡献中外文化“汉语国际教育硕士”是指面向海外母语非汉语者的汉语教学。
汉语国际教育硕士专业学位英文名称为“Master of Teaching Chinese to Speakers of Other Languages”,简称MTCSOL。
汉语国际教育硕士专业学位培养目标为适应汉语国际推广工作，胜任汉语作为第二语言/外语教学的高层次、应用型、复合型专门人才。
汉语国际教育硕士专业学位获得者应具有扎实的汉语言文化知识、熟练的汉语作为第二语言/外语教学的技能、较高的外语水平和较强的跨文化交际能力。
提醒广大考生：考研专业课复习必须注意方法，正确的方法是学习效率的保障（1）要详细地充分掌握指定参考书所考知识点汉教考研三大法宝（2）搜索并整理详细的属于自己独有的笔记（3）结合历年真题抓住重点难点、常考点、必考点等知识点要详细地充分掌握指定参考书所考知识点专业基础综合科目考试是大学本科阶段专业基础课的综合考试，考试内容为进入研究生学习阶段所必备的专业基础知识、基本理论以及相应能力，侧重考查考生的基本素质、一般能力和学科基本素养。
上海外国语大学考研比较文学2014年真题回忆版分享
上海外国语大学
考研比较文学2014年真题回忆版分享
一、中外文学史
1、名词解释
荷马史诗、意识流、先锋小说、《蝇王》、《雷雨》
2、简答题
白居易《长恨歌》的主题和艺术特征
列夫·托尔斯泰的艺术特征
莎士比亚《哈姆莱特》的主题和艺术特征
牡丹亭的艺术特色
3、分析题（三选二）
《浮士德》中浮士德的形象意义
论述中外文学的关系
当代海外华人文学的地位？意义？
二、比较文学和汉外互译
1、名词解释
形象学、主题学、可比性、梵·第根、韦勒克
2、论述题（三选二）
举例说明“比较文学不是文学比较”
文学翻译在中外文学中的作用
中外现代主义文学的比较
3、英译汉
法国学派和美国学派
4、汉译英
季羡林和哥廷根图书馆，应该是季羡林写的杂文，原文找了一天没找到，如果之后找到了会贴上来。
（内容来源：上外千言万语论坛）。
上海外国语大学考研翻译学经验分享及参考书目推荐
上海外国语大学考研翻译学方向经验分享及参考书目推荐前言：2013年4月12日张榜踮着脚尖看到自己名字的那一刻，一切终于尘埃落定。
复试时父母全程陪同，所以自己心里还是比较平静的，因为可爱的老妈负责了紧张。
备考时一直许诺如果真的考上就写一篇经验贴，一是为了回报给予了莫大支持与安慰的论坛，二是为了总结自己一路走来的心路历程，权当交代，所以也许会比较啰嗦,大家勿拍砖呐。
本人应届毕业生，本科就读于美丽的海滨城市珠海的一所普通二本院校。
学校环境真的十分优美，甩出了这里的学习氛围好几条街，周围的童鞋也多以出国出境读研或是找工作为目标，所以考国内研究生的整体氛围一般。
但所幸外院的妹纸们都十分勤奋，热爱学习（当然也有不用怎么学习就轻松拿下国奖的大神）遇到的研友也都很努力执着，所遇老师也多为良师，有水平也有内涵，再加上一直以来对上外心驰神往，基础还算扎实，专四80+，还有自己想让父母好好骄傲上一把的私心，就坚定了自己考上外研究生的决心，这也是一直以来支持我不停奋斗的动力。
所以我认为考研的第一点准备：找到自己备考时的持久动力。
第二点准备就是要有准备、有计划、有破解策略。
先把这么多年学长学姐们的经验贴都过了一遍，因为初试不分方向，因此就把能找到的初试经验贴都看了一遍。
因为对着电脑看字无感，就将这些帖子全部打印了下来，圈圈点点，对自己产生怀疑时，就拿出这一沓纸看一遍，寻找安慰。
我们院前几届的师姐没有人考上外，所以我这一次完全是摸着石头过河呐，所幸还有这些经验贴作指导，这也坚定了我写这个帖子回报论坛的决心。
同时也将论坛上能找到的各科真题和参考资料找到并分类整理打印，也专门建了一个文件夹，放招生简章、报名信息之类的文档。
然后就按照经验贴的推荐列出书单，或借或买（不过我有处书情节，所以还是买的书多），就这样准备好了备考资料。
初试备考：先说一下我的初试成绩：政治72，二外法语91，英综113，互译138，总分414，技术分292.4。
(NEW)上海外国语大学高级翻译学院《841翻译实践(英汉互译)》历年考研真题及详解
目 录2009年上海外国语大学高级翻译学院841翻译实践（英汉互译）考研真题及详解2006年上海外国语大学高级翻译学院841翻译实践（英汉互译）考研真题及详解2009年上海外国语大学高级翻译学院841翻译实践（英汉互译）考研真题及详解I. Translate the following into Chinese（75分）The Short MarchBy BILL POWELL/SHANGHAI Thursday, Feb. 14, 2008Locals sell produce outside the gates of one of Songjiang’s new developmentsOn a cold, gray afternoon a year ago, I stood on the deck of our newly purchased, half-constructed house about an hour outside Shanghai, wondering what, exactly, I had gotten myself into. My wife, a Shanghai native, and I had moved back to China from New York City in the spring of 2004, and 21/2 years later we had decided to take the plunge. We bought a three-story, five-bedroom townhouse way out in the suburbs, in a town called New Songjiang, a place that was then—and remains now—very much a work in progress.We had come here that day to see how construction was progressing. Our house, along with about 140 others, was going up in a development called Emerald Riverside. It sits on the banks of a tributary that dumps into the Huangpu, the river that cuts Shanghai in two about 28 miles (45 km) to the northeast. On that dreary afternoon I gazed out to the other side of the river, looking at the only significant patch of land for miles that was not yet being developed—about five acres (20,000 sq. m) of green that local farmers still used to grow watermelons, which they then sold to the migrant workers building this town. On the far bank there was a ramshackle one-room brick house, where three of the farmers lived—a husband, wife and teenage son. They had no running water—they bathed and washed their clothes in the river—and the place was lit by a single bulb. In every direction just beyond the watermelon patch, office parks and houses and apartment complexes were going up, forming a cordon around the farmland that was drawing inexorably tighter. As it is in vast swathes of China, the new was replacing the old, and it was not doing so slowly. It was doing so in the blink of an eye.I stood on the deck that day and watched one of the farmers who worked the watermelon patch, an older woman who would later introduce herself to us as Liu Yi, as she stared back at me across the river. I remember thinking to myself, My god, what must be going through her mind? Not only is the land she works on about to disappear, but there’s this foreigner standing over there staring at her. Where did he come from and, more to the point, what in the world is he doing out here? The short answer is that my wife and I have become a tiny part of China’s latest revolution. We got an off-the-shelf mortgage from the Standard Chartered Bank branch in town, plunked down 25% of the purchase price, and bought ourselves a piece of the Great Chinese Dream.Best Years of Their LivesFor the past decade and a half, the frantic pace of urbanization has been the transformative engine driving this country’s economy, as some 300-400 million people from dirt-poor farming regions made their way to relative prosperity in cities. Within the contours of that great migration, however, there is another one now about to take place—less visible, but arguably no less powerful. As China’s major cities—there are now 49 with populations of one million or more, compared with nine in the U.S. in 2000—become more crowded and more expensive, a phenomenon similar to the one that reshaped the U.S. in the aftermath of World War II has begun to take hold. That is the inevitable desire among a rapidly expanding middle class for a little bit more room to live, at a reasonable price; maybe a little patch of grass for children to play on, or a whiff of cleaner air as the country’s cities become ever more polluted.This is China’s Short March. A wave of those who are newly affluent and firm in the belief that their best days, economically speaking, are ahead of them, is headed for the suburbs. In Shanghai alone, urban planners believe some 5 million people will move to what are called “satellite cities” in the next 10 years. To varying degrees, the same thing is happening all across China. This process—China’s own suburban flight—is at the core of the next phase of this country’s development, and will be for years to come.The consequences of this suburbanization are enormous. Think of how the U.S. was transformed, economically and socially, in the years after World。
上海外国语大学考研翻译硕士英语真题2013
..上海外国语大学2013年研究生入学考试翻译硕士英语一 Cloze 15 个空 30 分文中划横线的单词是所要填的 15 个空。
Making the most of diversityNEW YORK Nov 15 (Reuters) - For America, 2012 will go down in history as the year of the Latinos, the blacks, the women and the gays. That rainbow coalition won President Barack Obama his second term. This triumph of the outsiders is partly due to America's changing demographics. And it is not just the United States that is becoming more diverse. Canada is, too, as is much of Europe.That is why it is worth thinking hard about how to make diverse teams effective, and how people who straddle two cultural worlds can succeed.Three academics, appropriately enough a diverse group based in Asia and America, have been doing some provocative research thatsuggests that our ability to comfortably integrate our different identities - or not - is the key.In "Connecting the Dots Within: Creative Performance and Identity Integration," Chi-Ying Cheng of Singapore Management University, Jeffrey Sanchez-Burks of the Ross School of Business at the University of Michigan, and Fiona Lee, also at the University of Michigan, argue that ethnic minorities and women in male-dominated professions are most creative when they have found a way to believe that their "multiple and conflicting social identities are compatible.""We tried to see how people who have to deal with seemingly in-conflict culture or gender identities cope," Cheng told me. Their conclusion was that people who have found a way to reconcile their two identities -Asian-Americans, for example, or women who work in male-dominated jobs like engineering - are the best at finding creative solutions to problems."Those who see their identities as compatible, they arebetter at combining ideas from the two identities to come up with something new," Cheng said. "While those who also share these two social identities, but see them as being in conflict, they cannot come up with new ideas."Cheng, Sanchez-Burks and Lee devised a research strategy to probe this issue that you do not need a Ph.D. to appreciate: They asked Asian-Americans to invent new fusion cuisine dishes using both typically Asian and typically American ingredients, and they asked female engineers to design products geared specifically to women. In both cases, people who were at peace with their dual identities performed better."Asian-Americans who had higher bicultural integration could create more creative recipes, and they believed it was possible to come up with more recipes," Cheng said. "By contrast, Asian-Americans who feel their two identities are in conflict cannot come up with as many creative recipes.''Cheng has her own experience of being a minority. She is from Taiwan but went to graduate school in the UnitedStates; she is a woman but has taught in the male-dominated environment of graduate business schools. She does not minimize the challenge of coming to terms with this sort of diversity."People who have high identity integration, it is not that they are more easygoing. It is that they find peace between the two different worlds," Cheng said. "It is not that easy. Pretending doesn't work. There has to be real understanding and integration between the two worlds. They find a way for the two worlds to coexist inside a person."This academic work is a useful prism for understanding the man who may be the world's most prominent integrator of two potentially conflicting identities: President Obama. He has gained admission to what used to be the most exclusive white club of all, the White House, while remaining patently at ease with his black identity.As Cheng advises, Obama does not ignore the complexities of straddling these two worlds: He governs with an acuteawareness of the particular challenges a black skin poses for the man Americans still like to describe as the leader of the free world. But the president is also deeply at ease with his various identities, a psychological state that may help him use them to powerful effect - as in the election campaign, when he rallied pretty much all Americans who think of themselves as different.The conclusions of Cheng, Sanchez-Burks and Lee suggest a tantalizing follow-up question: How can we achieve the personal integration these scholars have identified as crucial to making a virtue of diversity? Further research by Cheng offers one answer: "You can integrate your identities if you have positive bicultural experiences. The macrosystem can influence the microsystem."In other words, if the world around us tells us our dual identities are compatible, we will believe that, and act accordingly. If female engineers work in a company that treats their gender as a virtue, they will do better. If Asian-Americans live in a community that celebrates both aspects of their identity, they will be more effective.America's rainbow coalition won at the ballot box this month, but in other settings the nation has become a little weary of diversity-cheering movements like multiculturalism and even explicit feminism. Cheng's work suggests that cynicism may be misplaced. Diversity can work, but we have to work at it.二 Reading the passage and answer following questions.1、 According to the author, what it takes for a minority person to succeed in the US? 6 分2、 Why the author considers barak obama a success?6分3、 Elaborate the author’s argument “The macrosystem can influence the microsystem.” 8 分4、 What are the author alluding to with the phrase “rainbow coalition”? 8 分三 Writing 40 分Write in English 500 words about your comment on how to succeed in an increasingly diverse environment.。
上海外国语大学考研新闻学2013年真题回忆版分享
上海外国语大学考研新闻学2013年真题回忆版分享新闻理论一、名词解释（每题8分，共40分）1.硬新闻（资料P3）2.知情权（资料P15）3. 新闻价值与新闻的价值（资料P20&课本P316）4.新闻媒介的双重属性（资料Ｐ８）5.国际传播的定义（国传资料P1）二、简答（每题25分，共50分）1.19世纪后外国人在华办报对中国近代报刊发展的影响（资料P43）2.国际信息流发展特点（国传资料P13）三、论述（每题30分，共60分）1.结合你考研的经验和对新闻学和对其他学科的了解，论述新闻无学的观点并给出合理的理由，观点无对错之分，言之有理即可（资料Ｐ１＆Ｐ７）2.世界新闻法规一共有哪几种？叙述新闻法规对十八大以后我国政治制度建设（包括新闻媒体制度建设）的影响。
（资料P14）业务一、简答1.what’s ABCrule ? Try to explain it.（初试资料P1）2. Whatare the differences between feature and straight news? （初试资料P2）3. Whatis Inverted Pyramid structure? What is its function? （文体资料P3）4. Nameat least four kinds of feature（初试资料P5）二、把新闻标题改成正常句子（共5个）1. China, US firm’swin-win: entrepreneurs2.to be3.4.5.三、改成短小词（共10个）1.weapons2.finish3.essential4.support5.prohibit6.appoint7.explosion8.decrease9.10.四、排序题HKofficial wins WHO award for tobacco control1."The award has been earned by various sectors working dedicatedly incarrying out tobacco control policies and measures over the years. Theseinclude the medical sector, the Hong Kong Council on Smoking and Health,Legislative Council members, the academic sector, non-governmentalorganizations, members of the public and certain government departments,"he said.2.Chowreceived the trophy, WHO Director-General's Special Recognition Award, from WHORegional Director for the Western Pacific Shin Young-soo at the "World NoTobacco Day 2011 - Regional Launching and Award Ceremony."3.Chowsaid the Hong Kong government would continue to strengthen resources aimed attobacco control and the reduction of smoking to further protect public health4.Chowexpressed his gratitude to the WHO for its recognition of Hong Kong's efforts in tobacco control, adding that it was an honor forhim to receive the award.5.HONGKONG - Secretary for Food and Health of the Hong KongSpecial AdministrativeRegion government York Chow was given a major award on Sunday by the WorldHealth Organization (WHO) for his achievements in tobacco control in Hong Kong.五、编译题2012年10月29号晚上，宁波市政府新闻办召开新闻发布会，市政府副市长陈仲朝、市公安局副局长励健就镇海炼化扩建一体化项目等群众关心的问题答记者问。
全国各大高校翻译硕士(MTI)真题全集
2018 年上外高翻 MTI 研究生统考《汉语百科知识》考题完整版百科知识（一）选择题1.能表演“掌上舞”是古代哪位美女？（几个选项是：貂蝉，西施，赵飞燕，杨玉环）2.《史记》中“世家”是给什么人做的传？（帝王，王侯，将士，还有一个忘了。
）3.“孔雀东南飞”和___并称诗歌史上的“双壁：4.“菊月”是指哪一个月？5.“红肥绿瘦”是指什么季节？6.“司空见惯”中“司空”是指？ A唐朝的一位诗人 B唐朝的一位高僧 C一个官职7.下面哪一个是武松所为？A倒拔垂杨柳 B汴京城卖刀 C醉打蒋门神8.“名花解语”是指什么？9.“程门立雪”是为了什么？A拜访 B请罪 C道谢 D拜别10.一知半解又爱炫耀的人我们通常用什么词语形容？A半截剑 B半段枪 C半面 D半瓶醋11.“七月流火”形容的是？ A炎炎夏日 B夏去秋来 C春去秋来 D秋去冬来12.“汗流浃背”是为了什么？13.京剧中，性格活泼的青年女性是？ A青衣 B花旦 C彩旦14. “杨柳”是？ A一种植物 B两种植物 C与植物无关15“成也萧何败萧何”指的是哪位历史人物？（二）成语解释精卫填海来龙去脉初出茅庐韬光养晦斯芬克之谜2018英语专业考研备考精华资料史上最全最有效大家论坛原创基础英语英汉互译二外语言学英美文学英美文化学校真题汇总等热门必备的辅导书：基础与综合英语[基础英语] 2018英语专业考研考点精梳与精练基础英语[大家网]英语专业考研名校全真试卷基础英语 07到 10年真卷与解读下载[大家网]2018英语专业基础英语考研真题详解.圣才.2018年版[大家网]2018英语专业基础英语考研真题详解.金圣才. 2009出版[大家网]09年版.英语专业考研基础英语高分突破.吴中东.宫玉波[大家网]10年题解英语专业考研过关必备 3000词 PDF.金圣才版1[大家网]英语专业考研核心词汇.pdf.宫玉波.09版[大家网]题解英语专业考研过关必备 3000词[大家网]读者的选择阅读手册[大家网]读者的选择第 4版英文版[大家网]谈语言写作读本英汉互译：[大家网]2018英语专业英汉互译考研真题与典型题详解.圣才考研网编[大家网]星火英语专业考研名校全真试卷精解英汉互译（2018）[大家网]2018年英语专业考研名校全真题精解.英汉互译.郭棲庆.10年版重点推荐资料：点击下载！英语专业考研（最全最新！） /thread-2407892-1-1.html 基础英语汇总：各校基础英语真题资料汇总英美文学：各校英美文学真题汇总二外：英研二外资料——日语、法语、德语、俄语、西班牙语等汇总学校真题汇总：中国人民大学英语专业考研真题汇总！中国矿业大学英语专业考研资料汇总！上海外国语大学北京外语国大学资料汇总华中师范大学英语专业考研--汇总华中科技大学英语专业考研资料汇总广东外语外贸大学深圳大学的真题汇总南开大学英语专业考研真题汇总中山大学资料汇总暨南大学资料北京航空航天大学英语专业考研真题资料西安外国语大学英语专业考研真题汇总河海大学英语专业考研真题资料汇总中国海洋大学英语专业考研资料小汇武汉理工大学英语专业考研资料汇总武汉大学英语专业考研资料汇总苏州大学英语专业考研资料北京师范大学英语专业考研资料汇总西安外国语大学英语专业考研真题汇总四川大学英语专业考研真题资料汇总！2南京大学英语专业考研资料中南大学二外法语 01年到 07年真题 pdf翻译资料：全日制翻译硕士专业学位 MTI研究生入学考试指南外事翻译口译和笔译技巧.rar下载[大家网]新编当代翻译理论刘宓庆著下载[大家网]英汉翻译综合教程[大家网]西方译学理论辑要下载[大家网]英语翻译理论与实践论文集下载[大家网]外事翻译口译和笔译技巧.rar下载汉语成语典故谚语与歇后语英语翻译全国 68所院校英汉互译试卷分析英语专业考研翻译超全面的笔记~英语专业考研各大院校题型对比分析 pdf英语修辞手法经济学人文本许渊冲与翻译艺术.张智中.扫描版散文佳作 108篇汉英英汉对照报刊英语单词精华经济指标名词解释真题：基础英语汇总：各校基础英语真题资料汇总英美文学：各校英美文学真题汇总二外：英研二外资料——日语法语德语俄语西班牙语等汇总语言学方面真题：汇总中中南大学 2006年英语语言文学与文化综合知识真题四川外语学院 01-06年英语语言文学真题长安大学 2007年英语语言学真题四川外国语大学英语专业 2006年考研真题翻译真题：汇总中广外英语专业历年初试真题水平+翻译与写作武汉大学 2009综合英语汉译英真题及参考答案南京大学 2007基础英语汉译英及参考答案文本及 pdf广外 10年写作与翻译真题3上外 01-08年英汉互译真题外交学院翻译真题及答案杭州师范大学 2018年硕士生招生入学考试科目和参考书目9.天津地区院校英专考研翻译真题8.上海地区院校英专考研翻译真题7.陕西地区院校英专考研翻译真题6.江苏地区院校英专考研翻译真题5.湖北地区院校英专考研翻译真题4.广东地区院校英专考研翻译真题3.福建地区院校英专考研翻译真题[大家网]2.东北地区院校英专考研翻译真题.pdf[大家网]1.北京地区院校英专考研翻译真题.pdf[大家网]高级英语第一册第二册教材及教师用书 rar下载孙亦丽--大学英语精读学习精要--第一册第二册第三册 pdf下载【大家论坛】传播学原理 2009年版张国良全日制翻译硕士专业学位 MTI研究生入学考试指南英语专业考研名校全真试卷基础英语 07到年真卷与解读下载英语专业考研核心词汇.pdf.宫玉波.09版孙亦丽--大学英语精读学习精要--第一册第二册第三册 pdf下载高级英语第二册教材及教师用书第一册 rar下载MTI之 2018中文百科-keys（杭州小蚩尤尝鲜版）1.汉宫飞燕赵飞燕身材轻盈，有人认为是古代芭蕾的雏形。
上海外国语大学考研日汉互译真题2016
上海外国语大学2016年硕士研究生入学考试日汉互译试题（考试时间180分钟，满分150分，共3页）一、将下列日语文章翻译成中文。
（30）日本は戦後70年の節目を「戦後レジームからの脱却」を掲げる安倍晋三政権下で迎えた。
だが戦後レジームからの脱却とは名ばかりで、安倍政権の行動はその正反対に映る。
冷戦の中で成立し、機能してきた戦後レジームは、冷戦終結から25年を経て崩壊しかけている。
それを何が何でも死守しようとするあまり、実質的な改憲を閣議決定によって行おうとするなど、強引な手段に訴えるようになっている。
真の意味で戦後レジームから脱却するために必要なのは、「民主主義革命」であると考える。
戦後民主主義は、連合国軍総司令部（ＧＨＱ）が先頭に立った外科手術的改革によって成立した。
日本の民主主義は敗戦の結果によってもたらされた。
だがその戦後民主主義に相当な無理があったことが露呈してきた。
顕著な例が自民党議員の勉強会「文化芸術懇話会」における、経団連を使って批判的なマスコミを懲らしめるべきとの発言だ。
この発言は言論や報道の自由への露骨な抑圧であり、要するに民主主義の破壊である。
昨年６月に東京都議会で問題になった女性蔑視のやじも同様だ。
人権侵害を含む内容であったにもかかわらず、実質的に誰も処分されていない。
女性参政権もＧＨＱの改革によって確立したことを思えば、「占領政策の結果なんてものは無効にしてしまえ」という流れの一つであることがわかる。
（白井聡「ほころび始めた戦後民主主義」より）二、将下列日语文章翻译成中文。
（40）最近、廊下の電灯と寝ている部屋の隣の居間の常夜灯を消して寝るようになった。
常夜灯というのは丸型の蛍光灯の真ん中いうと、猫がいるからで、「夜中に家の中を猫がうろうろ歩き回るときに真っ暗だとかわいそうだ。
」と思ったのがきっかけになったか、引っ越してきて今も家の構造にまで慣れないころにつけていたのがそのまま習慣になってしまったのかどちらかだと思う。
2013上海大学翻译硕士MTI考研真题(近完整版)
2013上海大学翻译硕士MTI考研真题（近完整版）翻硕英语1,30个选择题。
生词很少，大多是容易忽视的语法和词汇比较，比如it's about time...it's high time...it's the first time...再比如regretful,regretable,regretting,regretted..... 2，4篇阅读。
前两篇选择，后两篇问答。
p1是07年专八阅读真题textA，关于Welsh语言和民族resurgence的。
The Welsh language has always been the ultimate marker of Welsh identity, but a generation ago it looked as if Welsh would go the way of Manx. once widely spoken on the isle of Man but now extinct. Government financing and central planning, however, have helped reverse the decline of Welsh. Road signs and official public documents are written in both Welsh and English, and schoolchildren are required to learn both languages. Welsh is now one of the most successful of Europe’s regional languages, spoken by more than a half-million of the country’s three million people.The revival of the language, particularly among young people, is part of a resurgence of national identity sweeping through this small, proud nation. Last month Wales marked the second anniversary of the opening of the National Assembly, the first parliament to be convened here since 1404. The idea behind devolution was to restore the balance within the union of nations making up the United Kingdom. With most of the people and wealth, England has always had bragging rights. The partial transfer of legislative powers from Westminster, implemented by Tony Blair, was designed to give the other members of the club- Scotland, Northern Ireland, and Wales-a bigger say and to counter centrifugal forces that seemed to threaten the very idea of the union.The Welsh showed little enthusiasm for devolution. Whereas the Scots voted overwhelmingly for a parliament, the vote for a Welsh assembly scraped through by less than one percent on a turnout of less than 25 percent. Its powers were proportionately limited. The Assembly can decide how money from Westminster or the European Union is spent. It cannot, unlike its counterpart in Edinburgh, enact laws. But now that it is here, the Welsh are growing to like their Assembly. Many people would like it to have more powers. Its importance as figurehead will grow with the opening in 2003, of a new debating chamber, one of many new buildings that are transforming Cardiff from a decaying seaport into a Baltimore-style waterfront city. Meanwhile a grant of nearly two million dollars from the European Union will tackle poverty. Wales is one of the poorest regions in Western Europe- only Spain, Portugal, and Greece have a lower standard of living.Newspapers and magazines are filled with stories about great Welsh men and women, boosting self-esteem. To familiar faces such as Dylan Thomas and Richard Burton have been added new icons such as Catherine Zeta-Jones, the movie star, and Bryn Terfel, the opera singer. Indigenous foods like salt marsh lamb are in vogue. And Wales now boasts a national airline. Awyr Cymru. Cymru, which means “land ofcompatriots,” is the Welsh name for Wales. The red dragon, the nation’s symbol since the time of King Arthur, is everywhere- on T-shirts, rugby jerseys and even cell phone covers.“Until very recent times most Welsh people had this feeling of being second-class citizens,” said Dyfan Jones, an 18-year-old student. It was a warm summer night, and I was sitting on the grass with a group of young people in Llanelli, an industrial town in the south, outside the rock music venue of the National Eisteddfod, Wales’s annual cultural festival. The disused factory in front of us echoed to the sounds of new Welsh bands.“There was almost a genetic tendency for lack of confidence,” Dyfan continued. Equally comfortable in his Welshness as in his membership in the English-speaking, global youth culture and the new federal Europe, Dyfan, like the rest of his generation, is growing up with a sense of possibility unimaginable ten years ago. “We used to think. We can’t do anything, we’re only Welsh. Now I think that’s changing.”p2是讲网络个人信息隐私不安全的，比较好找，选项直接。
上海外国语大学考研 英语语言文学 题型分析 备考指导
上外考研英语语言文学题型分析备考指导上外英语语言文学考研初试科目：1、政治2、二外（251俄语二外、253德语二外、254日语二外、255西语二外、256阿语二外、257意语二外、258葡语二外、259朝语二外）任选一门3、英语综合（语音、语法、词汇、概况）4、英汉互译能否进入复试不是取决于初试的总分，而是技术分：专业课1+专业课2+总分*10%一、基础英语：（1）题型：①、单选15题15分（包括语法、单词辨析、文学常识、语言学常识等）；②、完形30题15分（根据所给单词的适当形式填空）；③、阅读4篇40分（大约专八难度）；④、写作2篇80分（小作文：描写或记叙文，不少于300词，35分；大作文：议论文不少于400词，45分）（2）重点难点：①、单词：无论单选、完形、阅读还是写作，都离不开单词，第一大题的选择题多半是由单词量决定正确率，所以考生在备考期间一定要给自己分配一个长期背单词的任务（专八和GRE的单词难度）②、阅读：按照专八难度准备就可以；辅助GRE阅读锻炼逻辑思维能力；并且可以适当阅读一些文论（非常基础的比如Virginia Woolf,Oscar Wilde,T.S.Eliot等等作家自己写的文论，一方面提升阅读理解能力，另一方面也可以巩固专业文学知识）③、完形，建议一边读就一边下手填空，毕竟没有选项，而且时间比较紧张；④、作文占比非常大，平常最好养成多写作的习惯，比如一周写三篇小作文，三篇大作文；小作文涉及到描写和叙述，所以平常可以一方面背单词时积累一些生活中常用的小词（日用品、食物等等、尤其是动词小词，越具体越好，单选的词语辨析当中也会遇到）；另一方面可以尝试背诵一些经典的小说或者散文片段，从模仿开始练习写作也是比较好的办法。
二、英汉互译（1）、题型：一篇英译汉；一篇汉译英；（2）、重点难点：①、对常用的俗语谚语的掌握；②、对英语和汉语表达习惯的区别的认识：例如汉语中没有冠词，而且介词和代词的使用量也远远少于英语；③、英语语法知识和汉语表达习惯（3）、解决计划：①、多练，克服恐惧感；②、书可以看，但是并不是翻完了就马上看，翻完一篇的第一件事情是，就自己已经翻好的东西进行改正；③、用批判的眼光看教科书，每个人都有自己的翻译风格，我们能从参考书上学到的东西，最好是我们会，但是并没有想过要用，或者知道这个单词，但是没有掌握这个用法的；④、第一宗旨是准确，别人说五个人，你就不能翻about five persons；准确很难做到，这需要有极大的词汇量和灵活运用句式的技巧。
(NEW)上海外国语大学高级翻译学院《841翻译实践(英汉互译)》历年考研真题及详解
目 录2009年上海外国语大学高级翻译学院841翻译实践（英汉互译）考研真题及详解2006年上海外国语大学高级翻译学院841翻译实践（英汉互译）考研真题及详解2009年上海外国语大学高级翻译学院841翻译实践（英汉互译）考研真题及详解I. Translate the following into Chinese（75分）The Short MarchBy BILL POWELL/SHANGHAI Thursday, Feb. 14, 2008Locals sell produce outside the gates of one of Songjiang’s new developmentsOn a cold, gray afternoon a year ago, I stood on the deck of our newly purchased, half-constructed house about an hour outside Shanghai, wondering what, exactly, I had gotten myself into. My wife, a Shanghai native, and I had moved back to China from New York City in the spring of 2004, and 21/2 years later we had decided to take the plunge. We bought a three-story, five-bedroom townhouse way out in the suburbs, in a town called New Songjiang, a place that was then—and remains now—very much a work in progress.We had come here that day to see how construction was progressing. Our house, along with about 140 others, was going up in a development called Emerald Riverside. It sits on the banks of a tributary that dumps into the Huangpu, the river that cuts Shanghai in two about 28 miles (45 km) to the northeast. On that dreary afternoon I gazed out to the other side of the river, looking at the only significant patch of land for miles that was not yet being developed—about five acres (20,000 sq. m) of green that local farmers still used to grow watermelons, which they then sold to the migrant workers building this town. On the far bank there was a ramshackle one-room brick house, where three of the farmers lived—a husband, wife and teenage son. They had no running water—they bathed and washed their clothes in the river—and the place was lit by a single bulb. In every direction just beyond the watermelon patch, office parks and houses and apartment complexes were going up, forming a cordon around the farmland that was drawing inexorably tighter. As it is in vast swathes of China, the new was replacing the old, and it was not doing so slowly. It was doing so in the blink of an eye.I stood on the deck that day and watched one of the farmers who worked the watermelon patch, an older woman who would later introduce herself to us as Liu Yi, as she stared back at me across the river. I remember thinking to myself, My god, what must be going through her mind? Not only is the land she works on about to disappear, but there’s this foreigner standing over there staring at her. Where did he come from and, more to the point, what in the world is he doing out here? The short answer is that my wife and I have become a tiny part of China’s latest revolution. We got an off-the-shelf mortgage from the Standard Chartered Bank branch in town, plunked down 25% of the purchase price, and bought ourselves a piece of the Great Chinese Dream.Best Years of Their LivesFor the past decade and a half, the frantic pace of urbanization has been the transformative engine driving this country’s economy, as some 300-400 million people from dirt-poor farming regions made their way to relative prosperity in cities. Within the contours of that great migration, however, there is another one now about to take place—less visible, but arguably no less powerful. As China’s major cities—there are now 49 with populations of one million or more, compared with nine in the U.S. in 2000—become more crowded and more expensive, a phenomenon similar to the one that reshaped the U.S. in the aftermath of World War II has begun to take hold. That is the inevitable desire among a rapidly expanding middle class for a little bit more room to live, at a reasonable price; maybe a little patch of grass for children to play on, or a whiff of cleaner air as the country’s cities become ever more polluted.This is China’s Short March. A wave of those who are newly affluent and firm in the belief that their best days, economically speaking, are ahead of them, is headed for the suburbs. In Shanghai alone, urban planners believe some 5 million people will move to what are called “satellite cities” in the next 10 years. To varying degrees, the same thing is happening all across China. This process—China’s own suburban flight—is at the core of the next phase of this country’s development, and will be for years to come.The consequences of this suburbanization are enormous. Think of how the U.S. was transformed, economically and socially, in the years after WorldWar II, when GIs returned home and formed families that then fanned out to the suburbs. The comparison is not exact, of course, but it’s compelling enough. The effects of China’s suburbanization are just beginning to ripple across Chinese society and the global economy. It’s easy to understand the persistent strength in commodity prices—steel, copper, lumber, oil—when you realize that in Emerald Riverside construction crews used more than three tons of steel in the houses and nearly a quarter of a ton of copper wiring. There are 35 housing developments either just finished or still under construction in New Songjiang alone, a town in which 500,000 people will eventually live. And as Lu Hongjiang, a vice president of the New Songjiang Development & Construction company puts it, “we’re only at the very beginning of this in China.”【参考译文】短行军比尔·鲍威尔，星期四，2008年2月14日当地人在新淞江发展区门外卖农产品一年前的一个寒冷阴暗的下午，我站在我们距离上海市区一小时车程的尚在建设中的新房的地板上，陷入了沉思，我的妻子是上海本地人，我在2004年春天离开纽约来到中国，两年半以后我们做了这个决定。