单词的结构

合集下载
  1. 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
  2. 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
  3. 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。

词汇的三段论
单词的三段论
un read able
A B C
词义=A + B + C
请画出下列单词的三段
Impossible
Congress
Conservative
interdependent
Materialistic
请画出下列单词的三段
Impossible im poss ible ABC
Congress con gress AB Conservative con serv a tive ABC interdependent inter de pend ent
A1 A2 B C Materialistic mater ial ist ic
B C1 C2 C3
⏹astr o logy
⏹artist
⏹terist
⏹terrorist tourist
单词的三段论
⏹1. A +B +C =词义
⏹2. A,C可以没有或者多个
⏹一定有B
⏹3. B> A > C
用三段论猜下面单词
⏹disable
⏹=dis + able
⏹v.使残废, 使失去能力, 丧失能力
unable 无能
disappear unapparent 消失不明显的
结论:
前缀的理解是单词解码的关键
前缀解析
1 Ab = away
有(a, ab)两种格式
abnormal 不正常的
abroad 往国外、海外go abroad
abhor 讨厌<> hate
abuse 滥用
drug abuse./abuse of power.
absurd 荒谬的surd 无理数
2.ad = to
(a , ac , af, ag ,al ,an ,ap , ar, as ,at)
a**
⏹accuse because , excuse
⏹just adjust 调整justice 公正
⏹accomplish = to complete ish =vt.完成,实现,成就⏹finish
⏹adopt option
⏹optimal = opt + in + al
⏹optimism <> pessimism
⏹ad + opt=去+选择
⏹去选择X 工具=使用
⏹X 方法=采纳
⏹X 孩子=收养
⏹核心意思x 语境=中文释义
⏹核心意思x 语境1 =中文释义1
⏹语境2 =中文释义2 ⏹语境3 =中文释义3
⏹词本无义义由境生
3.anti
anti=against
anti-hero antichrist anti-virus
antibiotic 抗生素
arc
⏹arc = 弧线
⏹arch = 拱顶
⏹arctic =北极
⏹Antarctic =
英文单词中h 常脱落
⏹hour character chord
⏹英文中H常不发音,可以省略或添加
⏹chandler 蜡烛商人
⏹arc= arch = 拱顶弧线
⏹Korean
⏹Croean
⏹Japan
⏹China
⏹Cina
⏹Sina
[ante=before] anti= 反
anterior 前面的
ante=anti= 在…之前的
⏹antique
⏹n.古物, 古董adj.古时的, 过时的
BE
be=be
beloved below
4.con,com
co com con
co**(collect correct)
=with together (从四方向中间汇集)

com / con ?
compose combine comment
com = b, p, m
im/in sym/syn em/en
con com
⏹compose v.组成, 写作, 排字,
⏹construct vt.建造, 构造, 创立
⏹condemn vt.判刑, 处刑, 声讨, 谴责(damn!)⏹compress vt.压缩, 摘要叙述
⏹converse
⏹context 上下文
⏹commission 委托
⏹condense vt.使压缩浓缩:
dense 密集的、浓厚的、高密度的“墩实”
fog
compact 紧凑的
⏹compile
⏹To gather into a single book to put together
⏹convince = con + win =使信服, 是确信
⏹convincing evidence
4.5 counter 相反、针对
⏹counter strike
⏹encounter 遭遇
⏹We encountered a number of difficulties in the first week
⏹meet替换词
⏹counteract
⏹This drug should counteract the poison.
⏹counterbalance = offsets
⏹The company's success in Europe has counterbalanced its weak sales in the U.S.
⏹counterclockwise
⏹counterpart 对应之物
⏹The foreign minister is the counterpart of the secretary of state
5. INTER=between,among 两者同时
⏹internet interface interview
interaction reaction
interior内部的
Eighteenth-century houses showed great interior improvements over their predecessors.
⏹interval 间隔、中间段
⏹There are stations where runners can get water at regular intervals throughout the marathon. ⏹intervene = inter +went
⏹She might have been killed if the neighbours hadn’t intervened.
⏹solve solution
interpersonal interstellar 星际的
6 TRANS,TRAN,TRA=across, through
⏹travel translate
⏹transplant
⏹transition n.转变, 转换, 跃迁, 过渡,
⏹= change [it = go ]
⏹the smooth transition from full-time work to full retirement
⏹transient
7.SUB, =under
⏹(suc, suf, sug, sum, sup, sur)
Su*= under “输!”
subway
suburb urban
⏹suppress
⏹The rebellion was brutally suppressed.
⏹supplant 排挤替代
⏹swallow
⏹swan swamp
<super, sup , sur>
⏹surpass 超越
⏹superior
⏹surplus 过剩的
⏹supernatural 超自然的
⏹superb 庄重的、高贵的
⏹superheat 过热的
⏹supervisor 监督人
8 sym= same
symphony
synonym (name ) 同义词
antonyms 反义词
anonymous 匿名的
symmetry n.对称(性);匀称,整齐
symbiotic 共生bio= 生命
synchronous 同时的
9=un
unreadable
⏹unknown
⏹unlike
⏹unlikely
⏹unload
10 uni= only
uni = only 唯一的、单一的
unit
union
united states
unique
⏹<form> n.格式形式构成
⏹formal a.正式的,规格化的,礼仪上的
⏹format n.样式;(书刊的)版式v.为(书刊)安排版式
⏹formula n.公式;配方,外方;规则,一定的做法
⏹conform vi.遵守,符合
⏹deform vt.损坏…的形状
⏹inform vt.通知,告诉;告发
⏹information n.信息,数据;情报,资料,消息;通知
⏹reform v.改革;改造;重新组成n.改革;改过
⏹uniform n.制服,军装a.一致的
⏹transform
⏹repose
⏹re+pose
⏹重新放置refresh
⏹往回放置return
⏹re + v 代表往回
⏹re + n, a 代表重新
⏹对于有多种意思的,多通过对词根的词性判断来确定意义。

DE
⏹DE= down, away, off
⏹decode =de + code 密码= 解码
⏹deface =de + face 表面= 损坏外观
⏹depress = de + press = 下压、压抑

⏹de= 加强
⏹de + test =厌恶
⏹de + ter = 威慑nuclear
De =低、地加强
⏹describe = de + scribe
She described her childhood as a time of wonder and discovery.
⏹deform = de + form
The disease often causes joints to deform.
E, EC ,EX
E, EC ,EX= 1.方向:往外、Out:
2. 强度:更加、超出
(ex+s=ex ) example = ex + sample
ex + v, n = 往外
eccentric =e + center ic = 偏离中心的古怪的
edentate = e + dent = 无齿类动物
⏹excavation
⏹Excavation of the site will begin next week.
ex + a = 超出,越来越
exalt = ex + alt ( tall ) = 赞扬,提升
⏹The poem was written to exalt the Roman empire.
英文单词的轮换
⏹alt = tall altitude 海拔
longitude 经度latitude 纬度altar 祭坛alto 男高音tenor 男高音
⏹sole solo
⏹trio studio piano cello viedo audio
astr = star
astrology astronomy
astronaut
disaster 大灾难
E, EC ,EX
⏹expose = ex + pose =
Potatoes turn green when exposed to light.
⏹exhilarate= ex + hilar 高兴的
Our walk to the waterfall left us tired but exhilarated.
IM, IN
1. 方向:进入+ enact 使用
⏹inbox
2.强度:= + ,加强impinge 抨击
⏹= - ,不、否immense 无边的
⏹1.em / en = 进入(地方、状态)

前缀练习
⏹encourage
⏹encase
⏹enact
⏹enclose
⏹endanger
⏹enforce 强迫
enlarge
⏹enroll 登记
⏹ensure
⏹entitle 给…命名
⏹entrust 委托
⏹embody 体现
⏹embellish v.修饰
⏹belle美人
⏹2.im/ in
⏹in + n. = 进入inbox = in + box = 收件箱
⏹in + a. = no impossible = in + possible 可能的=不可能的⏹in +v. = 进入impress 压入
⏹im + n. v. = 进入
⏹im + a. = no
前缀练习
⏹inland
⏹injustice
⏹indoors
⏹independent
⏹incomplete
⏹inactivate
⏹impure
⏹improve
⏹impress
⏹imprison
⏹indirect
⏹injustice
⏹input
DI, DIS
⏹DI, DIS =
⏹disappear disable
⏹discourage (courage勇气)v.使气馁,阻碍
⏹方向四面八方消散
⏹dispel 驱散dispose 分配
⏹disseminate (semi种子)v.散布
disseminate information.
RE
⏹RE =back, again
1 方向:back 往回
2 强度:again 再一次,反复的
⏹remark
⏹n.备注, 评论, 注意, 注释
⏹vt.评论, 注意
⏹remarkable 值得注意的;不寻常的
⏹rehearsal n.排演, 演习, 预演, 试演
redirect vt. (信件)重寄,使改道,使改变方向reflection 反射,倒影,反思
OB, OC, OF,OP ,O
OB, OC, OF,OP ,O=
1: 方向:向外toward object 外抛的
⏹反against oppose 反对
⏹2 强度:,to obtain 获得
⏹绝大部分的ob = to
⏹2) ob = outer
⏹obstruct [

⏹obstructed the progress of
⏹v.阻隔, 阻塞, 遮断(道路、通道等) n.阻碍物, 障碍物⏹3)ob = against oppose
oppose the enemy force.
PER= 强度:throughout 每一个都
percent 百分比
辨析:大部分的per = 全部都,每一个都
其他的per = 穿透
⏹perennial adj.四季不断的, 终年的, 长期的, 永久的, (植物)多年生的–~ plant
⏹enn = ann = 年
⏹annual 年鉴、一年一度的
⏹anniversary
PRO,PRE
即问即答:
⏹1. 表示TO 的前缀,你能写出几个?
⏹表示before 的前缀呢?
⏹2。

你觉得最难的一个前缀是哪三个?最爽的是哪几个?
⏹3。

后缀能改变单词的意思么?
后缀:决定词性的部分
⏹1。

体会后缀在构词中的作用
⏹2。

体会后缀除了改变词性以外,对单词意思的改变
⏹*-ate: 使他…
变化公式:
*-ate = 使sb/sth 去*
示范:
actuate =使sb/sth 去act = 促使,推进
circulate
blood circulating through the body.
a guest circulating at a party.
Gossip tends to circulate quickly.
v. n. a.
ate -- ation --- ative
ade – asion --- asive
oral 口语
conclude 推论
ate -- ation --- ative
ade – asion --- asive
oral 口语
orate oration orator
conclude
conclusion conclusive
*ish:使..被
变化公式:*ish = 使sb/sth 被*
*ish = 使sb/sth *化
示范:
banish = 使sb/sth 被禁止=放逐
astonish= 使sb/sth 石化=震惊
*ify:。


⏹变化公式:
*ify = *化示范:clarify = 清晰化
adjust :调整
justice :正义,正当
justify :
Her success had justified the faith her teachers had put in her. ify – ification
clarify - clarification
gratify – gratification
*en加强
⏹变化公式:
*en = 使更*
⏹示范:
dampen = 使更潮湿=抑制,泼冷水
⏹hearten 鼓舞
⏹harden 强化、硬化
⏹haven 避难所
形容词后缀
ant, ent =…… 的
aberrant (error)= 脱轨的、变体的
brilliant reluctant dependant
elegant
elect
eligible 侯选的
a. n.
ant – ance
写出下列单词的名词形式。

brilliant reluctant dependant
区:ant,ent 有时候做名词后缀
ant,ent = … 的人、的物
assistant
tenant
peasant
servant
id:具有….特征的
⏹变化公式:
*id = 具有*的特征的
⏹示范:
placid =具有plac平静的特征的= 安定的
id -- idity
humidity
florid flower
a florid prose
acid ace
an acid tone of voice.
-ous:很多的
⏹变化公式:
*ous = 很多/过多*的
示范:credulous=很多/过多信任的= 轻信enormous (normal 常规)巨大的,[古]极恶enormity极恶laborious (labor) 艰苦的
⏹名词后缀
acidulous acid
rigorous rigor
fallacious false
officious office
odious odor 气味
*or/er:…人或物
ee 被..的人
⏹变化公式:
*er/ur/or = 完成*动作的人或物
⏹示范:
teacher = 完成teach 动作的人或物actor behavior equator factor armor
有时做形容词的名词形式
major minor grandeur vigor rigor altar
*ary,ory ,ery: 的地方
⏹变化公式:
*ary = 有,放置*的地方
⏹示范:
armory= 放置arm 的地方=武器库[区:]ary 有时作形容词后缀
stationary 固定的contemporary
rosary armory
victory Victoria
factory diary
aviary monastery nunnery
diary
dial 刻度盘
diurnal 每日的、日的
*um: 。

的地方
⏹变化公式:
*um = 有,放置*的地方
⏹示范:
medium= mid 的地方=媒体,媒介
medium media
Muse music amusement
⏹chief Execute Official CEO
⏹chief Finance Official CFO
⏹chief Amusement Official CAO
⏹Entertainment
⏹dustman _ Civil cleaning Engineer
⏹guard _ Access controller
⏹CPO printing
⏹CCO cleaning
*age: 抽象名词
⏹变化公式:
*-age = *的抽象名词
⏹示范
coinage = 钱币的抽象名词=造币,造币制度
shortage courage bondage
homage 敬意
ity 科学\ 哲学名词
al + ity = ality
⏹totality n.全体, 总数
ile + ity = ility
virility
humility
*let、et、ette: 小而多的
⏹变化公式:*-le\et\ette = 小的*
⏹示范rivulet = 小的river = 小河cigarette rivulet
ringlet leaflet
pamphlet 小册子palm
⏹1。

体会后缀在构词中的作用
⏹2。

体会后缀除了改变词性以外,对单词意思的改变。

相关文档
最新文档