湖南省五市十校2013-2014学年下学期高一年级期中教学质量联合检测考试生物试卷
湖南省“五市十校”2014届高三第一次联合检测(12月)语文试题
湖南省“五市十校”2014届高三12月联合检测 语文试卷 时量：150分钟 满分：150分 命题、审校：益阳市箴言中学 答题要求： 考生领到试卷和答题卡后，请认真检查有无缺印、漏印、重印等问题，如有问题，请提出更换要求； 请在试卷规定的位置填写规定的考生信息； 所有答案必须全部填涂和填写到答题卡上，凡是答在试卷上的一律无效； 严禁考生将试题卷、答题卡和草稿纸带出考室，违者试卷将作无效处理。
本试题卷共7道大题，21道小题，共8页。
12分，每小题3分） 1．下列词语中加点的字，读音全都正确的一组是（ ） A．喧嚣（xiāo） 结束（sù） 煞（shā）风景 酗酒滋事（xù） B．舛（chuǎn）误裙裾（jù） 饮(yìn)牲口 潜（qián）移默化 C．楔（xiē）形 强劲（jìn） 压轴（zhòu）戏 人心惶（huán）惶 D．刹（chà）那 ? ?荫（yīn）凉 系（jì）带子 少不更（ēn）事 2．下列句子中，没有错别字的一组是（ ） A．光阴荏苒，云烟氤氲中，一张张模糊的脸，想触摸却是孤寂的空气。
昔日的岁月像东逝的流水，一直流向远方，不歇，不停，不回，留给我无限的惆怅。
Ｂ．美国对别国的人权问题说三道四，横加干预，而对本国侵犯人权的行为却视而不见，晦莫如深。
Ｃ．在北京一些中央媒体工作的外藉人士注意到，媒体上关于突发事件的报道不仅数量增多了，而且变得“更有人情味”了。
D．在一些社区和街头，不少体育健身器材损坏或老化后被废止，不仅浪费资源而且暗藏安全隐患。
3．下列各句中，没有语病的一句是?( ) A．罗丹那些充满人道精神的雕塑，通过强烈的变形展示人物心灵，成为米开朗琪罗之后西方最伟大的雕塑家之一。
B．英国雷丁大学一位名叫朱利安?文森特的生物学家和一位复合材料专家领导的科研小组正在从事这项研究。
湖南省五市十校2013-2014学年高一下学期期中教学质量联合检测 英语 Word版含答案
绝密★启用前五市十校2014年上期高一教学质量联合检测英语时量：120分钟；满分：150分；考试范围：Module 3命题学校：南方中学雷锋中学东山中学宁乡一中审题人：詹志坚余爱爱李娟刘艳红李江注意事项：1.考生领到试卷和答题卡后，请认真检查有无缺印、漏印、重印等问题，如有问题，请提出更换请求；2.请在试卷规定的位置填写规定的考生信息；3.所有答案必须全部填涂或填写在答题卡上，凡是答在试卷上的答案一律无效；4.严禁考生将试题卷、答题卡和草稿纸带出考室，违者作考试无效处理。
PartⅠ Listening Comprehension (30 marks)Section A (22.5 marks)Directions: In this section, you will hear six conversations between two speakers. For each conversation, there are several questions and each question is followed by three choices marked A, B and C. Listen carefully and then choose the best answer for each question.You will hear each conversation TWICE.Conversation 11. What’s wrong with the woman?A. She has a headache.B. Her back hurts.C. She has a stomachache.2. What’s the man’s advice?A. Drink plenty of milk.B. Buy a warm coat.C. Get some rest.Conversation 23. Why did the man go to France?A. To travel.B. To study.C. For business.4. What was the weather like in France when Tom was there?A. Hot.B. Cool.C. Foggy.Conversation 35. How long is each class period?A. One hour.B. Two hours.C. Three hours.6. What is the relationship between the speakers?A. Mother and son.B. Teacher and student.C. Classmates.Conversation 47. Where does this conversation take place?A. At a gym.B. At a drugstore.C. At an electronics store.8. What is the woman worried about?A. The radio is expensive.B. The radio won’t be loud enough.C. The radio might break under the water.9. When can the woman return the radio?A. Within 3 days.B. Within 7 days.C. Within 30 days.Conversation 510. Who is the man probably?A. A doctor.B. The woman’s teacher.C. The woman’s boss.11. What is wrong with the woman?A. She hurt her leg.B. She caught a cold.C. She hurt her back.12. When will the woman be OK?A. In two days.B. In a week.C. In a month.Conversation 613. What does the woman think of the play?A. Boring.B. Exciting.C. Confusing.14. When did the man read the play?A. Last year.B. Last month.C. Last week.15. What does the man suggest the woman do?A. Read it out loud.B. Act out the play.C. Join a study group.Section B (7.5 marks)Directions: In this section, you will hear a short passage. Listen carefully and then fill in the numbered blanks with the information you’ve heard. Fill in each blank with NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS.You will hear the short passage TWICE.New ClothesPart II Language Knowledge (45 marks)Section A (15 marks)Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence.Example:It is generally considered unwise to give a child ________ he or she wants.A. howeverB. whateverC. whicheverD. wheneverThe answer is B.21. Now the director, together with some other leaders, ________ examining the written material aboutrepairing the bridge.A. isB. areC. has beenD. have been22. ________ is easy to answer the question of whether English will keep on changing in the future.A. ThisB. ThatC. ItD. One23. Summer ________, and soon it will be quite hot.A. approachB. is approachingC. have approachedD. approached24. Having worked for a whole day, he was very tired; ________ in bed, he fell asleep.A. UntilB. IfC. UnlessD. Once25. Loulan, ________is known as China’s Pompeii, was a stopp ing point on the famous Silk Road.A. whichB. whereC. thatD. What26. With his work ________, he went home happily.A. finishingB. to finishC. finishedD. had finished27. I saw the boy ________ the road to get the rolling football on the other side of it.A. crossesB. to crossC. crossD. having crossed28. ________ a person comes from will affect his or her style of speech.A. WhenB. WhatC. WhyD. Where29. —Have you heard that the rich businessman donated much money to our town?—Yes. A new hospital ________ with the money.A. is foundB. is being foundedC. has been foundD. has founded30. ________ my wife ________ I myself was able to teach my son to sing the song, so we asked one of ourfriends for help.A. Not only; but alsoB. Both; andC. Either; orD. Neither; nor31. By the time paper was used in the west, Cai Lun in China ________ it hundreds of years before.A. inventedB. had inventedC. was inventingD. has invented32. It was at a friend’s party ________ he first met Mary, who later became his wife.A. whereB. whenC. thatD. which33. ______ the old man’s son wanted to know was _____ the gold had been hidden.A. What; whereB. That; whatC. What; ifD. What; that34. James wanted to attend the art show, _________his wife wanted to go home.A. orB. forC. soD. while35. Polly, to whom the blind old man offered help, wanted to know ________ she could meet him again.A. thatB. whetherC. whatD. whichSection B (18 marks)Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.My father was a self-taught mandolin（曼陀林琴）player. He was one of the best string instrument players in our town.Dad loved to play the mandolin for his 36 . He knew we enjoyed singing, and hearing him play. He was like that. If he could give pleasure to others, he would, 37 to his family. He was always devoting his time and 38 to his family and trying to make sure that his family had enough in their life.Unfortunately, a(n) 39 happened to him when he worked at Todd Steel. On that particular day, Dad got the third finger of his left hand crushed(压坏) between two pieces of steel. He didn’t lose enough of the finger to stop him 40 anything, but it did 41 his ability to play the mandolin.After the accident, Dad was 42 to play the mandolin. He felt that he could not play as well as he had before the accident. When I came home on leave and asked him to play, he would make excuses for why he couldn’t play. But finally, he would be 43 to play and he would say “Since the accident to this finger I can’t play as well, so generally I’m not willing to play”. For the family it didn’t make any difference that Dad couldn’t play as well as before. We were just 44 that he would play. When he played the old mandolin, it would carry us back to a cheerful and happy time in our lives.In August of 1993, my father came down with lung cancer. About a week before his death, we asked Dad if he would play the mandolin for us. He played a few notes. When I looked around, there was not a 45 eye in the family. Dad was doing something he had done all his life, 46 . Although he was sick, he was still 47others. Dad surely could play that Mandolin!36. A. neighbours B. family C. teammates D. friends37. A. especially B. normally C. obviously D. naturally38. A. success B. hope C. efforts D. courage39. A. story B. experience C. chance D. accident40. A. dropping off B. turning off C. picking up D. putting up41. A. influence B. develop C. encourage D. raise42. A. unable B. unwilling C. unafraid D. uncertain43. A. advised B. persuaded C. reported D. reminded44. A. worried B. anxious C. glad D. curious45. A. dry B. bright C. wide D. cold46. A. working B. playing C. helping D. giving47. A. interrupting B. surprising C. encouraging D. pleasingSection C (12 marks)Directions: Complete the following passage by filling in each blank with one word that best fits the context.Nowadays, more and more students join in voluntary activities in their spare time. Some clean parks or streets on Sundays; some take care of 48 old and disabled; 49 help keep order in the railway stations or other crowded public places. It’s clear 50 voluntary activities have attracted a number of students.Voluntary activities benefit students in three ways. Firstly, such activities provide volunteers with a rich life experience, thus making their lives 51 meaningful. Secondly, through voluntary activities, volunteers learn that they are also helping themselves 52 helping others. 53 , volunteers learn that each individual action counts.However, we should remember that voluntary work requires time and effort. 54 we should keep the balance between such work and our study. Besides, many voluntary activities take place in faraway 55 dangerous areas. So personal safety may also be considered before we leave. On the whole, voluntary activities bring us more benefits than risks.Part Ш Reading Comprehension (30 marks)Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best accordingto the information given in the passage.ASpring break is a beloved tradition of the American education system, from Kindergarten through graduate school. But for international students who arrive in America for college, spring break is a big challenge. Here are several ways international students can spend spring break in the United States.Stay on campusHoney Lee from Egypt will remain on campus this spring break because she says she has nowhere else to go. “A lot of international students stay in the dorms over breaks, but it can still get lonely,” she says.Some schools have programming for international students over breaks. Vanderbilt University organized a spring break trip for international students to the nearby mountains. Some schools also give away movie passes to international students staying on campus for the break.Reconnect with high school friendsChaudhury from India suggests international students look for and find others from their high school that also chose to study in this country. “I certainly get somewhat jealous and lonely when I hear of my American friendsgoing back home so often,” he says.“Seeing my high school friends isn’t like being at home, but it’s a good substitute(代替者).”Visit the homes of friends or familyBreaks can give international students a chance to experience American family life.Last year Lizzie Ballard from the United Kingdom visited the home of a friend in southern California over Thanksgiving and s pent Christmas with another friend’s family in Fort Wayne, Ind.“I’m never going to get the chance to do Thanksgiving or have an American Christmas again,” she says.“It’s nice to spend time with a family and see what real life is like here.”Be a touristCarlsen from Japan suggests international students make use of the break time to explore this country. “That experience is very fun and enriching,” he says. Carlsen will visit San Francisco this spring break, and he has spent previous breaks in New York City, Connecticut, and Hawaii. He says New York City is a popular destination among international students.56. Some international students have to stay on the campus during spring break because______.A. they don’t like the spring break tripB. they can see movies on the campusC. they like to stay aloneD. they have nowhere else to go57. From what Chaudhury says we can learn that ______.A. all the international students feel lonely in AmericaB. his high school friends all chose to study in AmericaC. he likes to visit his high school friends in AmericaD. he likes to see his high school friends at home58. Living with an American family can help the international students ______.A. experience the real life in AmericaB. spend Thanksgiving Day and ChristmasC. make a lot of new friendsD. find out their high school friends59. According to what Carlsen says, the place that the international students like most in America is ______.A. San FranciscoB. New YorkC. ConnecticutD. Hawaii60. The main purpose of this passage is ______.A. to introduce spring break in AmericaB. to offer international students some ways to spend spring breakC. to tell international students how to travel in AmericaD. to supply readers with college information of AmericaBOur children and grandchildren may not have a chance to visit many of the most famous places around the world. War, weather, age, traffic and pollution all damage these famous places. Looking after these places often costs more than one country can afford.In the early 1970s, world governments decided that if they joined together, they would be able to preserve our history. If every country paid some money, they said, it would be possible to look after important historic places. Also, if they discovered that a monument had been damaged by people, they would have money for repairs. For these reasons, countries around the world united to form the World Heritage Organization in 1972. Today, the organization helps to preserve and repair the most important places from our history.However, one of the biggest problems for historic places is vandalism. People sometimes enter the sites and destroy or damage the buildings. At some sites, such as Stonehenge in England, governments have built high walls to protect the site from vandals(故意破坏者).There are many different ideas about how to solve the problem of vandalism. Some experts say that if guards(保安人员) patrolled(巡逻) the sites, vandals would not be able to get in. Some experts say that if theyfixed more television cameras, they would not need so many guards. Other experts say that the best solution is education. If people learned to respect history, they would not destroy or damage it. They would also want to spend money looking after old places. For this reason, the World Heritage Organization helps to spread information about the value of historic sites.61. According to this passage, ______ is NOT mentioned in Paragraph 1 for the reasons why the famous placesare damaged?A. people’s awarenessB. pollutionC. war and climateD. traffic62. Which of the following shows us the action of vandalism?A. Governments build high fences to protect the site from vandals.B. Guards patrolled the sites and they fixed more television cameras.C. People enter the sites and cause damage to the buildings.D. They collect as much money as they can to preserve the buildings.63. What’s the best way to solve the biggest problem of preserving our history?A. Every country spends more money looking after the historic places.B. All the countries unite to repair the historic sites.C. Too many guards are needed to prevent vandals getting in.D. To make people know more about the value of historic sites.64. From this passage we learn that the World Heritage Organization ______.A. was founded in 1970B. was founded only to repair the historic placesC. helps to preserve our historyD. offers people information about vandalism65. Where is this passage most likely to have been taken from?A. A news report.B. A social magazin e.C. An advertisement.D. A travel diary.COne Friday night five teenage girls at Danville High School became five young adults, and they did so with their class. I think you’d like to know the story.That night, in a crowded gym, just before the start of the varsity game (校队比赛), the five girls, who were members of the Danville High School basketball team, four of them starters, weren’t in uniform to play. They were there to explain why they were kicked off the team.While school had been out for the Christmas and New Year’s holidays, the girls had gone to a party with several of their friends. It was New Year’s Eve. There was alcohol(酒) there. And the five girls all drank some.Coach Tammy Rainville has a zero-tolerance rule on drugs and alcohol for the members of her team. Every kid who plays for her knows that rule. So when classes began after the holidays, rumors(谣言) about the five girls began spreading quickly. The five girls got together and decided to go to their coach with the full story. The coach said she couldn’t back down on her rule. The players agreed. That Friday night in the gym was part of their public support of the coach’s decision. At last one of them, Shelly, said: “We hope you will understand that we are not bad kids. We made a mistake… What we did was not worth it. We hope this event will make everyone open their eyes and realize that there is a big drug and alcohol problem in our community. And if you work with us to try to solve this problem, you will help us feel that we ha ven’t been thrown off our basketball team for nothing.” The five girls left the gym and a great cheer went up from the crowd.The Danville High School girls’ basketball team may not win another game this year. But they’ve learned something about personal responsibility, the effect of one’s actions on others, and honesty that will serve them well throughout life.66. The five girls were kicked off the basketball team because ______.A. they made a mistake at schoolB. they didn’t do well in the varsi ty gameC. they drank alcohol at the New Year’s partyD. they spread rumors about basketball games67. According to the passage, the five girls ______.A. couldn’t tolerant their coach and decided to leave the teamB. realized their mistake and accepted their coach’s decisionC. will take part in next game of this yearD. will never play basketball again68. The underlined phrase “back down on ” in Paragraph 4 is similar to “______”in meaning.A. set offB. cut offC. take upD. give up69. It can be inferred from what Shelly said that ______.A. the drug and alcohol problem among teenagers should be solvedB. drinking alcohol will cost them their futureC. they have been thrown off the basketball team for nothingD. everyone in their community likes drinking alcohol70. What’s the author’s attitude towards the five girls?A. Sympathy.B. Worry.C. Disappointment.D. Appreciation.Part IV Writing (45 marks)Section A (10 marks)Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in the numbered blanks by using the information from the passage.Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.Many people, especially college students, have had a very ideal plan about their life since the start of high school. But what happens when your life plan goes wrong? Here are some suggestions to help you change your plan.Firstly, a serious change in plans often comes as a surprise. However, one simple solution exists to solve it. Take a step back. Stepping back could mean anything from going to a quiet place that you are familiar with or spending a night out with your best friends. These kinds of activities will help you clear your head and keep you outside of the serious situation. Remember, anxious thoughts and a wandering mind will be your worst enemy.Secondly, remember to be realistic. When deciding your next steps, try to find out what you can control and what you cannot. Spend more time planning the things that you can control and leave out the things that cannot be controlled in your new plans.Thirdly, there are a lot of resources that can be used to help you change your plans. Your professors, family members, friends, coaches, former teac hers, counselors, advisors, etc … will help you resolve your situation. Go to ask them for some advice.Of course, a change in your plan will make you change your schedule. Situations like this will give you a perfect opportunity to experiment with interests what you were previously unable to explore. Take every opportunity as it comes and try to explore something new.Lastly, do what feels right and comfortable to you. If you feel that a suggestion to change your plans will be beneficial, go for it! If yo u feel that something is not practical, don’t d o it! Remember to follow your gut(直觉).Always remember, there are benefits that come out of any situation. If you look at life like a long, winding road, you never know where a detour(迂回路) might lead you. So sometimes a change is necessary. Be brave to face it!Title: Suggestions about how to 71I.72 : your life plan going wrongII. Suggestions●Taking a step back﹡activities:going to a quiet place 73spending a night out with your best friends﹡purposes:to help your head 74 and keep you outside of the serious situation●75﹡planning the things that you can control﹡76 the things that you cannot control●Asking for advice﹡the people 77 : your professors, family members, friends, coaches, former teachers, counselors, advisors, etc …●78﹡changing your schedule﹡experimenting with interests●Following your gut﹡doing all the things making you feel 79III.80 : You can benefit from any situation. So be brave to face any change.Section B (10 marks)Directions: Read the following passage. Answer the questions according to the information given in thepassage.Newspaper reporters are standing along the red carpet that is waiting for guests of the Second Chance Dance.Unfortunately, the girl who created it can’t be there to s ee what she created.Felicia Ann Armstrong died at home in Jeffersontown in August last year, following health problems that began when she was born. She was only 19 years old.Felicia once made it to her junior prom(中学正式舞会) at North Bullitt High School despite health problems that made it difficult for her to eat. She wore a beautiful dress that hit above the knee, and one of her best friends accompanied her as her date. Felicia had a great time at the dance, and she wanted other kids with health problems to have a chance to experience that.During one of her last stays at Kosair Children’s Hospital, she came up with the idea for the Second Chance Dance, a dance for teenagers who have missed the prom because of serious medical illness. She approached officials of Kosair Children’s Hospital and Norton Healthcare with her idea and what made her excited was that she got an immediate yes from the officials. She told them, “One big thing that’s going to be really different is that I want everybody to get a crown. Not just a ‘king’ and ‘queen’.Her dream has become a reality today, when the Children’s Hospital Foundation and BraveHearts sponsor(主办) the dance in her honor at The Henry Clay downtown. Many people value it very much and tell thereporters that they hope the Second Chance Dance will turn into something bigger —perhaps become an annual event or even something other cities pick up on.81. What did Felicia Ann Armstrong die from? (No more than 5 words) (2 marks)______________________________________________________________________________82. What does “the Second Chance Dance” mean? (No more than 15 words) (2 marks)______________________________________________________________________________83. Why did Armstrong create such a dance? (No more than 16 words) (3 marks)______________________________________________________________________________84. How do people like Armstrong’s idea? (No more than 10 words) (3 marks)______________________________________________________________________________Section C (25 marks)Directions: Write an English composition according to the instructions given below in Chinese.请用英语写一篇短文，叙述一次你帮助别人的经历，以及你事后的感想。
高一英语月考试题及答案-五市十校-2014学年高一下学期期中教学质量联合检测
湖南省五市十校2014年上期高一教学质量联合检测英语时量：120分钟；满分：150分；考试范围：Module 3命题学校：南方中学雷锋中学东山中学宁乡一中注意事项：1.考生领到试卷和答题卡后，请认真检查有无缺印、漏印、重印等问题，如有问题，请提出更换请求；2.请在试卷规定的位置填写规定的考生信息；3.所有答案必须全部填涂或填写在答题卡上，凡是答在试卷上的答案一律无效；4.严禁考生将试题卷、答题卡和草稿纸带出考室，违者作考试无效处理。
PartⅠ Listening Comprehension (30 marks)Section A (22.5 marks)Directions: In this section, you will hear six conversations between two speakers. For each conversation, there are several questions and each question is followed by three choices marked A, B and C. Listen carefully and then choose the best answer for each question.You will hear each conversation TWICE.Conversation 11. What’s wrong with the woman?A. She has a headache.B. Her back hurts.C. She has a stomachache.2. What’s the man’s advice?A. Drink plenty of milk.B. Buy a warm coat.C. Get some rest. Conversation 23. Why did the man go to France?A. To travel.B. To study.C. For business.4. What was the weather like in France when Tom was there?A. Hot.B. Cool.C. Foggy. Conversation 35. How long is each class period?A. One hour.B. Two hours.C. Three hours.6. What is the relationship between the speakers?A. Mother and son.B. Teacher and student.C. Classmates. Conversation 47. Where does this conversation take place?A. At a gym.B. At a drugstore.C. At an electronics store.8. What is the woman worried about?A. The radio is expensive.B. The radio won’t be loud enough.C. The radio might break under the water.9. When can the woman return the radio?A. Within 3 days.B. Within 7 days.C. Within 30 days.Conversation 510. Who is the man probably?A. A doctor.B. The woman’s teacher.C. The woman’s boss.11. What is wrong with the woman?A. She hurt her leg.B. She caught a cold.C. She hurt her back.12. When will the woman be OK?A. In two days.B. In a week.C. In a month.Conversation 613. What does the woman think of the play?A. Boring.B. Exciting.C. Confusing.14. When did the man read the play?A. Last year.B. Last month.C. Last week.15. What does the man suggest the woman do?A. Read it out loud.B. Act out the play.C. Join a study group. Section B (7.5 marks) Directions: In this section, you will hear a short passage. Listen carefully and then fill in the numbered blanks with the information you’ve heard. Fill in each blank with NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS.You will hear the short passage TWICE.New Clothes Features·They almost never need to be 16 . ·You can wear them 17 time(s) in a row. ·They will 18 and never smell bad.Prices ·The 19 for $75 each ·The pants for $49·The socks for $ 20 a pairPart II Language Knowledge (45 marks)Section A (15 marks)Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choice s marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence.Example:It is generally considered unwise to give a child ________ he or she wants.A. howeverB. whateverC. whicheverD. wheneverThe answer is B.21. Now the director, together with some other leaders, ________ examining thewritten material about repairing the bridge.A. isB. areC. has beenD. have been22. ________ is easy to answer the question of whether English will keep on changingin the future.A. ThisB. ThatC. ItD. One23. Summer ________, and soon it will be quite hot.A. approachB. is approachingC. have approachedD. approached24. Having worked for a whole day, he was very tired; ________ in bed, he fell asleep.A. UntilB. IfC. UnlessD. Once25. Loulan, ________is known as China’s Pompeii, was a stopping point on the famousSilk Road.A. whichB. whereC. thatD. What26. With his work ________, he went home happily.A. finishingB. to finishC. finishedD. had finished27. I saw the boy ________ the road to get the rolling football on the other side of it.A. crossesB. to crossC. crossD. having crossed28. ________ a person comes from will affect his or her style of speech.A. WhenB. WhatC. WhyD. Where29. —Have you heard that the rich businessman donated much money to our town?—Yes. A new hospital ________ with the money.A. is foundB. is being foundedC. has been foundD. has founded30. ________ my wife ________ I myself was able to teach my son to sing the song,so we asked one of our friends for help.A. Not only; but alsoB. Both; andC. Either; orD. Neither; nor31. By the time paper was used in the west, Cai Lun in China ________ it hundredsof years before.A. inventedB. had inventedC. was inventingD. has invented32. It was at a friend’s party ________ he first met Mary, who later bec ame his wife.A. whereB. whenC. thatD. which33. ______ the old man’s son wanted to know was _____ the gold had been hidden.A. What; whereB. That; whatC. What; ifD. What; that34. James wanted to attend the art show, _________his wife wanted to go home.A. orB. forC. soD. while35. Polly, to whom the blind old man offered help, wanted to know ________ she couldmeet him again.A. thatB. whetherC. whatD. which Section B (18 marks)Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.My father was a self-taught mandolin（曼陀林琴）player. He was one of the best string instrument players in our town.Dad loved to play the mandolin for his 36 . He knew we enjoyed singing, and hearing him play. He was like that. If he could give pleasure to others, he would, 37 to his family. He was always devoting his time and 38 to his family and trying to make sure that his family had enough in their life.Unfortunately, a(n) 39 happened to him when he worked at Todd Steel. On that particular day, Dad got the third finger of his left hand crushed(压坏) between two pieces of steel. He didn’t lose enough of the finger to stop him 40 anything, but it did 41 his ability to play the mandolin.After the accident, Dad was 42 to play the mandolin. He felt that he could not play as well as he had before the accident. When I came home on leave and asked him to play, he would make excuses for why he couldn’t play. But finally, he wouldbe 43 to play and he would say “Since the accident to this finger I can’t play as well, so generally I’m not willing to play”. For the family it didn’t make any difference that Dad couldn’t play as well as before. We were just 44 that he would play. When he played the old mandolin, it would carry us back to a cheerful and happy time in our lives.In August of 1993, my father came down with lung cancer. About a week before his death, we asked Dad if he would play the mandolin for us. He played a few notes. When I looked around, there was not a 45 eye in the family. Dad was doing something he had done all his life, 46 . Although he was sick, he was still 47 others. Dad surely could play that Mandolin!36. A. neighbours B. family C. teammates D. friends37. A. especially B. normally C. obviously D. naturally38. A. success B. hope C. efforts D. courage39. A. story B. experience C. chance D. accident40. A. dropping off B. turning off C. picking up D. putting up41. A. influence B. develop C. encourage D. raise42. A. unable B. unwilling C. unafraid D. uncertain43. A. advised B. persuaded C. reported D. reminded44. A. worried B. anxious C. glad D. curious45. A. dry B. bright C. wide D. cold46. A. working B. playing C. helping D. giving47. A. interrupting B. surprising C. encouraging D. pleasing Section C (12 marks)Directions: Complete the following passage by filling in each blank with one word that best fits the context.Nowadays, more and more students join in voluntary activities in their sparetime. Some clean parks or streets on Sundays; some take care of 48 old and disabled; 49 help keep order in the railway stations or other crowded public places. It’s clear 50 voluntary activities have attracted a number of students.Voluntary activities benefit students in three ways. Firstly, such activities provide volunteers with a rich life experience, thus making their lives 51 meaningful. Secondly, through voluntary activities, volunteers learn that they are also helping themselves 52 helping others. 53 , volunteers learn that each individual action counts.However, we should remember that voluntary work requires time and effort. 54 we should keep the balance between such work and our study. Besides, many voluntary activities take place in faraway 55 dangerous areas. So personal safety may also be considered before we leave. On the whole, voluntary activities bring us more benefits than risks.Part Ш Reading Comprehension (30 marks)Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage.ASpring break is a beloved tradition of the American education system, from Kindergarten through graduate school. But for international students who arrive in America for college, spring break is a big challenge. Here are several ways international students can spend spring break in the United States.Stay on campusHoney Lee from Egypt will remain on campus this spring break because she saysshe has nowhere else to go. “A lot of international students stay in the dorms over breaks, but it can still get lonely,” she says.Some schools have programming for international students over breaks. Vanderbilt University organized a spring break trip for international students to the nearby mountains. Some schools also give away movie passes to international students staying on campus for the break.Reconnect with high school friendsChaudhury from India suggests international students look for and find others from their high school that also chose to study in this country. “I certainly get somewhat jealous and lonely when I hear of my American friends going back home so often,” he says.“Seeing my high school friends isn’t like being at home, butit’s a good substitute(代替者).”Visit the homes of friends or familyBreaks can give international students a chance to experience American family life.Last year Lizzie Ballard from the United Kingdom visited the home of a friend in southern California over Th anksgiving and spent Christmas with another friend’s family in Fort Wayne, Ind. “I’m never going to get the chance to do Thanksgiving or have an American Christmas again,” she says.“It’s nice to spend time with a family and see what real life is like here.”Be a touristCarlsen from Japan suggests international students make use of the break time to explore this country. “That experience is very fun and enriching,” he says. Carlsen will visit San Francisco this spring break, and he has spent previous breaks in New York City, Connecticut, and Hawaii. He says New York City is a popular destination among international students.56. Some international students have to stay on the campus during spring break because______.A. they don’t like the spring break tripB. they can see movies on the campusC. they like to stay aloneD. they have nowhere else to go57. From what Chaudhury says we can learn that ______.A. all the international students feel lonely in AmericaB. his high school friends all chose to study in AmericaC. he likes to visit his high school friends in AmericaD. he likes to see his high school friends at home58. Living with an American family can help the international students ______.A. experience the real life in AmericaB. spend Thanksgiving Day and ChristmasC. make a lot of new friendsD. find out their high school friends59. According to what Carlsen says, the place that the international students likemost in America is ______.A. San FranciscoB. New YorkC. ConnecticutD. Hawaii60. The main purpose of this passage is ______.A. to introduce spring break in AmericaB. to offer international students some ways to spend spring breakC. to tell international students how to travel in AmericaD. to supply readers with college information of AmericaBOur children and grandchildren may not have a chance to visit many of the most famous places around the world. War, weather, age, traffic and pollution all damage these famous places. Looking after these places often costs more than one country can afford.In the early 1970s, world governments decided that if they joined together, they would be able to preserve our history. If every country paid some money, they said, it would be possible to look after important historic places. Also, if they discovered that a monument had been damaged by people, they would have money forrepairs. For these reasons, countries around the world united to form the World Heritage Organization in 1972. Today, the organization helps to preserve and repair the most important places from our history.However, one of the biggest problems for historic places is vandalism. People sometimes enter the sites and destroy or damage the buildings. At some sites, such as Stonehenge in England, governments have built high walls to protect the site from vandals(故意破坏者).There are many different ideas about how to solve the problem of vandalism. Some experts say that if guards(保安人员) patrolled(巡逻) the sites, vandals would not be able to get in. Some experts say that if they fixed more television cameras, they would not need so many guards. Other experts say that the best solution is education. If people learned to respect history, they would not destroy or damage it. They would also want to spend money looking after old places. For this reason, the World Heritage Organization helps to spread information about the value of historic sites. 61. According to this passage, ______ is NOT mentioned in Paragraph 1 for the reasonswhy the famous places are damaged?A. people’s awarenessB. pollutionC. war and climateD. traffic62. Which of the following shows us the action of vandalism?A. Governments build high fences to protect the site from vandals.B. Guards patrolled the sites and they fixed more television cameras.C. People enter the sites and cause damage to the buildings.D. They collect as much money as they can to preserve the buildings.63. What’s the best way to solve the biggest problem of preserving our history?A. Every country spends more money looking after the historic places.B. All the countries unite to repair the historic sites.C. Too many guards are needed to prevent vandals getting in.D. To make people know more about the value of historic sites.64. From this passage we learn that the World Heritage Organization ______.A. was founded in 1970B. was founded only to repair the historic placesC. helps to preserve our historyD. offers people information about vandalism65. Where is this passage most likely to have been taken from?A. A news report.B. A social magazin e.C. An advertisement.D. A travel diary.COne Friday night five teenage girls at Danville High School became five young adults, and they did so with their class. I think you’d like to know the story.That night, in a crowded gym, just before the start of the varsity game (校队比赛), the five girls, who were members of the Danville High School basketball team, four of them starters, weren’t in uniform to pl ay. They were there to explain why they were kicked off the team.While school had been out for the Christmas and New Year’s holidays, the girlshad gone to a party with several of their friends. It was New Year’s Eve. There was alcohol(酒) there. And the five girls all drank some.Coach Tammy Rainville has a zero-tolerance rule on drugs and alcohol for the members of her team. Every kid who plays for her knows that rule. So when classes began after the holidays, rumors(谣言) about the five girls began spreading quickly. The five girls got together and decided to go to their coach with the full story. The coach said she couldn’t back down on her rule. The players agreed. That Friday night in the gym was part of their public support of the coach’s decision. At last one of them, Shelly, said: “We hope you will understand that we are not bad kids. We made a mistake… What we did was not worth it. We hope this event will make everyone open their eyes and realize that there is a big drug and alcohol problem in our community. And if you work with us to try to solve this problem, you will help us feel that we haven’t been thrown off our basketball team for nothing.” The five girls left the gym and a great cheer went up from the crowd.The Danville High School girls’ ba sketball team may not win another game this year. But they’ve learned something about personal responsibility, the effect of one’s actions on others, and honesty that will serve them well throughout life.66. The five girls were kicked off the basketball team because ______.A. they made a mistake at schoolB. they didn’t do well in the varsity gameC. they drank alcohol at the New Year’s partyD. they spread rumors about basketball games67. According to the passage, the five girls ______.A. couldn’t tolerant their coach and decided to leave the teamB. realized their mistake and accepted their coach’s decisionC. will take part in next game of this yearD. will never play basketball again68. The underlined phrase “back down on” in Paragraph 4 is similar to “______”in meaning.A. set offB. cut offC. take upD. give up69. It can be inferred from what Shelly said that ______.A. the drug and alcohol problem among teenagers should be solvedB. drinking alcohol will cost them their futureC. they have been thrown off the basketball team for nothingD. everyone in their community likes drinking alcohol70. What’s the author’s attitude towards the five girls?A. Sympathy.B. Worry.C. Disappointment.D. Appreciation.Part IV Writing (45 marks)Section A (10 marks)Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in the numbered blanks by using the information from the passage.Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.Many people, especially college students, have had a very ideal plan about theirlife since the start of high school. But what happens when your life plan goes wrong?Here are some suggestions to help you change your plan.Firstly, a serious change in plans often comes as a surprise. However, one simplesolution exists to solve it. Take a step back. Stepping back could mean anythingfrom going to a quiet place that you are familiar with or spending a night out withyour best friends. These kinds of activities will help you clear your head and keepyou outside of the serious situation. Remember, anxious thoughts and a wanderingmind will be your worst enemy.Secondly, remember to be realistic. When deciding your next steps, try to findout what you can control and what you cannot. Spend more time planning the thingsthat you can control and leave out the things that cannot be controlled in your newplans.Thirdly, there are a lot of resources that can be used to help you change yourplans. Your professors, family members, friends, coaches, former teachers,counselors, advisors, etc … will help you resolve your situation. Go to ask themfor some advice.Of course, a change in your plan will make you change your schedule. Situationslike this will give you a perfect opportunity to experiment with interests what youwere previously unable to explore. Take every opportunity as it comes and try toexplore something new.Lastly, do what feels right and comfortable to you. If you feel that a suggestionto change your plans will be beneficial, go for it! If you feel that something isnot practical, don’t do it! Remember to follow your gut(直觉).Always remember, there are benefits that come out of any situation. If you lookat life like a long, winding road, you never know where a detour(迂回路) might leadyou. So sometimes a change is necessary. Be brave to face it!Title: Suggestions about how to 71I. 72 : your life plan going wrongII. Suggestions●Taking a step back﹡activities:going to a quiet place 73spending a night out with your best friends﹡purposes:to help your head 74 and keep you outside of the serious situation● 75﹡planning the things that you can control﹡ 76 the things that you cannot control● Asking for advice﹡the people 77 : your professors, family members, friends, coaches,former teachers, counselors, advisors, etc …● 78﹡changing your schedule﹡experimenting with interests●Following your gut﹡doing all the things making you feel 79III. 80 : You can benefit from any situation. So be brave to face any change. Section B (10 marks)Directions: Read the following passage. Answer the questions according to the information given in the passage.Newspaper reporters are standing along the red carpet that is waiting for guests of the Second Chance Dance. Unfortunately, the girl who created it can’t be there to see what she created.Felicia Ann Armstrong died at home in Jeffersontown in August last year, following health problems that began when she was born. She was only 19 years old. Felicia once made it to her junior prom(中学正式舞会) at North Bullitt High School despite health problems that made it difficult for her to eat. She wore a beautiful dress that hit above the knee, and one of her best friends accompanied her as her date. Felicia had a great time at the dance, and she wanted other kids with health problems to have a chance to experience that.During one of her last stays at Kosair Children’s Hospital, she came up with the idea for the Second Chance Dance, a dance for teenagers who have missed the prom because of serious medical illness. She approached officials of Kosai r Children’s Hospital and Norton Healthcare with her idea and what made her excited was that she got an immediate yes from the officials. She told them, “One big thing that’s going to be really different is that I want everybody to get a crown. Not just a ‘king’ and ‘queen’.Her dream has become a reality today, when the Children’s Hospital Foundation and BraveHearts sponsor(主办) the dance in her honor at The Henry Clay downtown. Many people value it very much and tell the reporters that they hope the Second Chance Dance will turn into something bigger — perhaps become an annual event or even something other cities pick up on.81. What did Felicia Ann Armstrong die from? (No more than 5 words) (2 marks) ______________________________________________________________________________ 82. What does “the Second Chance Dance” mean? (No more than 15 words) (2 marks) ______________________________________________________________________________ 83. Why did Armstrong create such a dance? (No more than 16 words) (3 marks) ______________________________________________________________________________ 84. How do people like Armstrong’s idea? (No more than 10 words) (3 marks)______________________________________________________________________________ Section C (25 marks)Directions: Write an English composition according to the instructions given below in Chinese.请用英语写一篇短文，叙述一次你帮助别人的经历，以及你事后的感想。
湖南省五市十校2013-2014学年高一下学期期中检测数学试卷(解析版)
湖南省五市十校2013-2014学年高一下学期期中检测数学试卷（解析版）一、选择题1．与13030终边相同的角是（）A【答案】C【解析】试题分析：终边与1303°相同的角是k•360°+1303°，k∈Z ∴k=-4时，k•360°+1303°=-137°．故选C．考点：终边相同的角．2．已知Ｐ（-8,6）是角终边上一点,的值等于( )【答案】D【解析】试题分析：Ｐ（-8,6）是角终边上一点,考点：三角函数的定义．3的是（）AC【答案】D【解析】试题分析：∵故排除A．故排除B．故排除C．故选D ．考点：三角函数的恒等变换及化简求值．4） A ．-1或2 B ．-2或1 C ．1或2 D ．-1或-2【答案】A 【解析】x （x-1）-2=0，解得x=2或x=-1，故选：A ．考点：平面向量的坐标运算; 向量平行的坐标公式．5．某单位有职工750人,其中青年职工350人,中年职工250人,老年职工150人,为了了解该单位职工的健康情况,用分层抽样的方法从中抽取样本．若样本中的青年职工为7人,则样本容量为( )A ．7B ．15 C．25 D ．35 【答案】B 【解析】试题分析：青年职工、中年职工、老年职工三层之比为7：5：3． 故选B考点：分层抽样方法6( )A【答案】B【解析】∴sin1sin1-cos1＞0|sin1-cos1|= sin1-cos1,故选B考点：同角三角函数间的基本关系，完全平方公式，以及二次根式的化简， 7≠0） A(0B上是减函数C AD0)【答案】D【解析】试题分析：函数f（x）=Asin（ωx+φ）的周期π，所以∈Z对称，所以函数的解析式为 f（x）=Asin（f（x）的图象过点(0不正确；f（x）在上是减函数不正确，f（x）的最大值是|A|，所以C不正确；f（x）=0，所以f（x）的一个对称中心是0)，正确；故选D考点：正弦函数的对称性；三角函数的周期性及其求法．8( )A．0 B．1 C．－1 D【答案】C【解析】试题分析：因为已知f（cosx）=cos3x，和特殊角的三角函数得：sin30°=cos60°所以f（sin30°）=f（cos60°）=cos（3×60°）=cos180°=-1．故答案为C．考点：诱导公式；三角函数的化简求值；任意角的三角函数的定义．9值为( )A．4 B．3 C．2 D．1【答案】D【解析】试题分析：令f（α）=cos2α+sinα2α+sinα（sinα2+1由于sinα∈[-1，1]，所以f（α）∈[1]．f（α）＞所以（cos2α+sinα=cos2α+sinα1．故选D．考点：同角三角函数关系式及二次函数知识; 三角函数的最值．1045°，( )A ．5 B．73 D【答案】A【解析】m=-3，n=-4()23=-故答案为：A考点：平面向量数量积的运算;向量的模二、填空题11．函数y ＝2sin(ωx的部分图象如图所示，则ω__________．【答案】6,2πϕω==【解析】试题分析：∵11521212T π=-ω=2， ∵当2x+φ ∵|φ|＜2π∴φ=6π，故答案为：考点：由y=Asin （ωx+φ）的部分图象确定其解析式; 五点法12【解析】∴tanα+tanβtanαtanβ考点：两角和与差的正切函数;根与系数的关系．13中最小的数是__________．【解析】试题分析：210（6）=0+1•6+2•62=78，1000（4）=1•43=64，111111（2）=1+1•2+1•22+1•23+1•24=31，最小的数是 111111（2）．故答案为111111（2）．考点：带余除法；进制之间的转换．14．已知正方形ABCD的边长为2,E为CD的中点,【答案】2【解析】试题分析：∵已知正方形ABCD的边长为2，E为CD故故答案为 2．考点：平面向量数量积的运算; 两个向量的加减法的法则;几何意义;两个向量垂直的性质．15实数a的取值范围为__________________．【解析】看成函数与直线y=a．若实根，即函数y y=a有两个不同的交点，得a考点：分段函数；数形结合的思想方法．三、解答题16．给出如下程序．(其中x满足：0<x<12)程序：(1)请写出该程序表示的函数关系式．(2)若该程序输出的结果为6，则输入的x值．【解析】试题分析：(1)根据条件语句的限制条件判断出函数为分段函数，然后写出解析式．(2)分段函数求值．考点：程序框图中条件语句的嵌套．17．（本小题满分12(1)(2)【答案】【解析】试题分析：(1) 先化简函数f(x),(2)(1)分)分)．)(2)分)考点：解三角方程；诱导公式，三角函数式的化简．18120°求（1（2（3【答案】（1）12 (2)【解析】 试题分析：（1）展开利用向量的数量积公式；(2)利用模的定义； (3)利用向量的夹角公式即可．22(2)()212a b a b a a b b -⋅+=-⋅-= 4考点：向量的数量积的坐标运算；向量的模；向量的夹角公式． 19．已知0<x<x)【解析】∵＋x)＝x)∴分)＝x)＝2分)(其它情况可酌情给分)考点：三角函数式的化简；诱导公式．20(1，（1，求y （2[2，5]【答案】（1），（2）m＝1【解析】试题分析：（1）先利用向量的数量积公式计算出f(x),然后利用降幂公式、辅助角公式化简得到f(x)进而得到单调区间．（2）找到定义域与值域的对应关系，然后解方程组．（1分)∈Z)，∈Z)，(其它情况可酌情给分)[，，分)（2∴1m1 (13分)考点：向量的数量积的坐标表示；两角和的正弦公式；正弦函数的单调性以及值域．21．如图,有一块正方形区域ABCD,现在要划出一个直角三角形AEF区域进行绿化,满足EF=1米，设角AEF=θ,θ边界AE,AF,EF的费用为每米1万元,区域内的费用为每平方米4 万元．(1)求总费用y关于θ的函数．(2)求最小的总费用和对应θ的值．【答案】BCE【解析】试题分析：(1)由题意得总费用y是由区域内的面积与边界的两部分费用和组成．(2)把再利用二次函数求出最值即可．分)(2)分)分)（13分）考点：三角形面积公式；换元法；二次函数的单调性．。
湖南省五市十校2013-2014学年下学期高一年级期中教学质量联合检测考试地理试卷
湖南省五市十校2013-2014学年下学期高一年级期中教学质量联合检测考试地理试卷时量：60分钟满分：100分命题范围：模块二第一章到第三章内容。
作答要求：1．考生领到试卷和答题卡后，请认真检查有无缺印、漏印、重印等问题，如有问题，请提出更换请求；2．请在试卷规定的位置填写规定的考生信息；3．所有答案必须全部填涂或填写在答题卡上，凡是答在试卷上的答案一律无效；4．严禁考生将试题卷、答题卡和草稿纸带出考室，违者作考试无效处理。
一．单项选择题：（每小题3分，共60分）读“甲、乙、丙、丁四地的人口统计图”,回答1～3题:1.自然增长率从高到低排列正确的是( )A.甲、乙、丙、丁B.丁、丙、乙、甲C.甲、丙、乙、丁D.丁、乙、丙、甲2.甲地可能存在的主要人口问题是( )A.教育压力大B.人口老龄化C.劳动力不足D.死亡率极高3.丁地的人口增长模式是( )A.“高-高-低”模式 B．“高-低-高”模式C．“低-低-低”模式 D．“低-高-低”模式读“木桶效应(组成木桶的木板如果长短不齐，那么这只木桶的盛水量，不取决于最长的那一块木板，而是取决于最短的那一块)图”，完成4～5题。
4．某地以耕地、森林、淡水、矿产测得的各自所能供养的人口数量分别为8 000、6 000、4 500、10 000，则该地的环境承载力取决于A．耕地 B．森林 C．淡水 D．矿产5．下列影响我国不同省区人口合理容量的因素中相当于木桶短板的是( ) A．四川——水力资源 B．山东——气候资源C．黑龙江——矿产资源 D．新疆——水资源读图表，完成6～7题。
6．读图表，判断下列叙述正确的是( )A．1999~2000年间，图示国家中人口增幅最大的是挪威B．与1990年相比，2000年图示国家人口均大幅增加C．与1990年相比，2000年图示国家外来人口均大幅增加D．1990~2000年间，比利时外来人口呈下降趋势7．下列有关西欧国家外来人口的分析，正确的是( )A．资源开发是造成西欧国家外来人口增加的重要原因B．面对大量涌入的外来人口，西欧国家应迅速采取措施遏制C．外来人口的迁入只会加大迁入国就业和教育压力D．外来人口的迁入会缓解部分国家劳动力不足的问题读我国某地区简图，据此回答8～9题。
湖南省“五市十校”2014届高三第一次联合检测12月化学试题
湖南省“五市十校”2014届高三12月联合检测化学试卷时量：90分钟满分：100分命题、审校：桃江一中答题要求：1、考生领到试卷和答题卡后，请认真检查有无缺印、漏印等问题，如有问题，请提出更换要求；2、请在试卷规定的位置写规定的考生信息；3、所有答案必须全部填涂和填写到答题卡上，凡是答在试卷上的答案一律无效；4、严禁考生将试题卷、答题卡和草稿纸带出考室，违者试卷作无效处理。
可能用到的相对原子质量：H—1 C—12 N—14 O—16 Na—23 Cl—35.5 Fe—56第Ⅰ卷（选择题共42分）一、选择题（每题只有一个选项符合题意，每小题3分，共42分）1.下列物质中，含有非极性共价键的是A．H2B．H2O C．NaCl D．NaOH2.下列各物质中，不能发生水解反应的是A．葡萄糖B．纤维素C．油脂D．蛋白质3.有一碘水和Fe(OH)3胶体的颜色极为相似。
不用化学方法将它们区别开来，这样的方法有①布朗运动；②丁达尔现象；③加热法；④电泳实验法；⑤加电解质法A．①③⑤B．①②④⑤C．②③④⑤D．全部4.N A为阿伏加德罗常数，下列叙述正确的是A．10 g H218O含有的中子数为5N AB．1 mol羟基(-OH)含有的电子数为10N AC．1 mol 氯气参加反应时，电子转移数目一定为2N AD．标准状况下，11.2L己烷含有的分子数为0.5 N A5.下列具有特殊性能的材料中，由主族元素和副族元素形成的化合物是A．半导体材料砷化镓B．透明陶瓷材料硒化锌C．吸氢材料镧镍合金D．超导材料K3C606.某乙醇水溶液的质量分数为w%，物质的量浓度为cmol/L，密度为dg/mL，1Kg这种溶液中含有的乙醇是：A．46C g B．c/d mol C．c mol D．1000dw g7.下列离子组能大量共存的是A．含大量Al3＋的溶液中：K＋、Na＋、NO3－、S2－B．含大量AlO2－的溶液中：Na＋、K+、NO3－、H＋C ．含大量H +的溶液中：I －、Cl －、NO 3－、Na ＋D ．含大量OH －的溶液中：CO 32－、Cl －、F －、K ＋8. 同位素在化学反应机理的研究中有着重要的作用。
湖南省五市十校2013届高三第一次联合检测化学试题.pdf
3NF3＋5H2O===2NO＋HNO3＋9HF。下列有关说法正确的是
A．NF3是氧化剂，H2O是还原剂
B．还原剂与氧化剂的物质的量之比为2∶1
C．若生成0.2 mol HNO3，则转移0.2 mol电子
D．NF3在潮湿的空气中泄漏会产生红棕色气体
．
A．
B．
C．
D．
（提示：4FeS2+11O2======2Fe2O3+8SO2）
请填写下列空白：
在周期表中，组成单质G的元素位于第____ _周期_________族。
在反应⑦中氧化剂与还原剂的物质的量之比为___________________。
在②、③、⑥、⑨中既属于化合反应又属于非氧化还原反应的是___________（填序号）
加入苯酚显紫色的溶液：K＋、NH4＋、Cl－、I－
溶液：Fe3＋、Al3＋、NO3－、SO42－
使pH试纸变蓝的溶液中：NH4＋Na＋SO42－Cl－
A．②③ B．①③ C．① D．①④⑤
12．三氟化氮(NF3)是微电子工业中优良的等离子刻蚀气体，它在潮湿的环境中能发生反应：
C．金属单质在常温下均为金属晶体
D．某单质具有延展性则它一定是金属
5．
A．
B．
C．
D．
6．反应4NH3(g)＋5O2(g) 4NO(g)＋6H2O(g)在10 L密闭容器中进行，半分钟后，水蒸气的物质的量增加了0.45
mol，则此反应的平均反应速率v(X)(反应物的消耗速率或产物的生成速率)可表示为
t1℃时物质浓度（mol/L）的变化
时间
（min）COH2OCO2H200.2000.3000020.1380.2380.0620.06231c2c3c3[m]4c1c2c3c350.1160.2160.08460.0960.2660.104
湖南省五市十校2013-2014学年高一下学期期中教学质量检测化学试卷(带解析)
湖南省五市十校2013-2014学年高一下学期期中教学质量检测化学试卷（带解析）1．6027Co是r射线的放射源，关于602727Co的说法正确的是A．质子数为 33 B．中子数为27 C．质量数为60 D．核电荷数为60【答案】C【解析】试题分析：在原子结构中，质量数（60）=质子数（27）+中子数，中子数为33，A、B错误；又核电荷数=质子数，D错误。
考点：考查原子结构中质子数、质量数、中子数等之间的关系。
2．下列物质不属于有机物的是A. 乙酸B. 碳酸钠C. 乙醇D. 乙烯【答案】B【解析】试题分析：碳酸钠是无机物。
考点：考查物质分类的方法，有机物的分类。
3．元素的性质随着元素原子序数的递增而呈周期性变化的原因是A．元素原子的核外电子排布呈周期性变化B．元素的原子半径呈周期性变化C．元素的化合价呈周期性变化D．元素的金属性、非金属性呈周期性变化【答案】A【解析】试题分析：元素的性质与原子是核外电子排布有关，故元素的性质随着元素原子序数的递增而呈周期性变化的原因是与元素原子的核外电子排布呈周期性变化有关系的，A正确。
考点：考查元素周期律的本质原因、4．X元素的阳离子与Y的阴离子具有相同的核外电子排布，则下列比较中正确的是A.原子序数： X＜YB.原子半径：X＜YC.离子半径：X＞YD.原子最外层电子数：X＜Y【答案】D【解析】试题分析：a X n+与b Y m－具有相同的核外电子排布时，a-n=b+m，即原子序数Y＜X，A错误；X、Y可以在不同的周期，Y在X的前一周期，比X少一个电子层，故原子半径Y＜X，B错误；a X n+与b Ym－离子中，核外电子排布相同，但a Xn+中的质子数＞b Ym－中的质子数，故离子半径X＜Y，C错误。
考点：原子结构和元素性质的关系。
5．若某ⅡB族元素原子序数为x，那么原子序数为x+1的元素位于A．ⅢA族 B．ⅢB族 C．ⅠB族D．ⅠA族【答案】A【解析】试题分析：在周期表中，第ⅡB族的右侧应该是第ⅢA族。
湖南省五市十校2013-2014学年下学期高一年级期中教学质量联合检测考试物理试卷
湖南省五市十校2013-2014学年下学期高一年级期中教学质量联合检测考试物理试卷时量：90分钟满分：100分作答要求：1、考生领到试卷和答题卡后，请认真检查有无缺印、漏印、重印等问题，如有问题，请提出更换请求；2、请在试卷规定位置填写规定的考生信息；3、所有答案必须全部填涂或填写在答题卡上，凡是答在试卷上的答案一律无效；4、严禁考生将试题卷、答题卡和草稿纸带出考室，违者作考试无效处理。
5、第一卷（选择题共46分）一、单项选择题（本大题共10小题，每小题3分，共30分，在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项符合题目要求，请将正确的答案序号填入答卷中的相应位置）1．关于曲线运动，下列说法中正确的是：A．速率不变的曲线运动是匀速运动 B．曲线运动也可以是速度不变的运动C．曲线运动—定是变速运动 D．物体在恒力作用下不能做曲线运动2．八百里洞庭，人杰地灵。
宋代岳飞在洞庭一带攻打杨幺时，派岳云由A点划船渡河，船头指向始终与河岸垂直，则小船能到达对岸的位置是：A．正对岸的B点B．正对岸B点的右侧C．正对岸B点的左侧D．正对岸的任意点3．下列说法中不符合开普勒对行星绕太阳运动的描述是：A．所有的行星都在同一椭圆轨道上绕太阳运动B．行星绕太阳运动时，太阳在椭圆的一个焦点上C．行星从近日点向远日点运动时，速率逐渐减小D．离太阳越远的行星，公转周期越长4．以下说法正确的是：A ．经典力学理论普遍适用，大到天体，小到微观粒子均适用B ．在经典力学中，物体的质量随运动状态而改变C ．相对论与量子力学否定了经典力学理论D ．经典力学理论具有一定的局限性，它只适用于低速运动的宏观物体5．一颗人造卫星在地球引力作用下，绕地球做匀速圆周运动，已知地球的质量为M ，地球的半径为R ，卫星的质量为m ，卫星离地面的高度为h ，引力常量为G ，则地球对卫星的万有引力大小为：A ．2)(h R Mm G + B ．2R Mm G C ．2h Mm G D ．h R Mm G + 6．在发射地球同步卫星的过程中，卫星首先进入椭圆轨道Ⅰ，然后在Q 点通过改变卫星速度，让卫星进入地球同步轨道Ⅱ。
湖南省五市十校教研教改共同体高一数学下学期期中试卷(含解析)
2014-2015学年湖南省五市十校教研教改共同体高一（下）期中数学试卷一、选择题：本大题共10小题，每小题5分，共50分，在每小题给出的四个答案中，只有一项是符合题目要求的．1．（5分）（2013秋•朝阳区校级期末）sin120°的值为（）A． B． C． D．﹣考点：运用诱导公式化简求值．专题：计算题．分析：直接利用诱导公式化简表达式，利用特殊角的三角函数求出值即可．解答：解：因为sin120°=sin（90°+30°）=cos30°=．故选C．点评：本题是基础题，考查诱导公式的应用，特殊角的三角函数值的求法，考查计算能力．2．（5分）（2015春•湖南期中）下列说法正确的是（）A．正切函数在定义域内为单调增函数B．若α是第一象限角，则是第一象限角C．用秦九韶算法计算多项式f（x）=3x6+5x4+6x3﹣4x﹣5当x=3时的值时，v2=3v1+5=32 D．若扇形圆心角为2弧度，且扇形弧所对的弦长为2，则这个扇形的面积为考点：命题的真假判断与应用．专题：三角函数的求值；推理和证明．分析：根据正切函数的图象和性质，可判断A；判断的位置，可判断B；根据秦九韶算法求出v2，可判断C；求出扇形面积，可判断D．解答：解：正切函数的单调增区间为（﹣+kπ，+kπ），k∈Z，但在整个定义域上，正切函数不单调，所以A错误．若α是第一象限的角，则是第一或第三象限的角，故B错误；f（x）=3x6+5x4+6x3﹣4x﹣5=（（（（（3x+0）x+5）x+6）x+0）x﹣4）x﹣5，当x=3时，v0=3，v1=3v0+0=9，v2=3v1+5=32，故C正确；若扇形圆心角为2弧度，且扇形弧所对的弦长为2，则r=，则这个扇形的面积为×（）2×sin2=cot1≠，故D错误；故选：C．点评：本题以命题的真假判断为载体，考查了正切函数的图象和性质，象限角，秦九韶算法，扇形面积公式和弧长公式，难度不大，属于基础题．3．（5分）（2015春•湖南期中）执行如图所示的程序框图，则输出s的值为（）A． 30 B． 31 C． 62 D． 63考点：程序框图．专题：图表型；算法和程序框图．分析：模拟执行程序框图，可得程序框图的功能是计算并输出s=2+22+23+24的值，由等比数列的求和公式即可得解．解答：解：模拟执行程序框图，可得程序框图的功能是计算并输出s=2+22+23+24的值，由于s=2+22+23+24==30．故选：A．点评：本题主要考查了循环结构的程序框图，等比数列的求和公式的应用，属于基本知识的考查．4．（5分）（2015春•湖南期中）如图所示，在矩形ABCD中，AB=2a，AD=a，图中阴影部分是以AB为直径的半圆，现在向矩形ABCD内随机撒4000粒豆子（豆子的大小忽略不计），根据你所学的概率统计知识，下列四个选项中最有可能落在阴影部分内的豆子数目是（）A． 1000 B． 2000 C． 3000 D． 4000考点：几何概型．专题：概率与统计．分析：由几何概型可得对应的概率，依据选项可得．解答：解：由题意可得矩形ABCD的面积S=2a2，半圆的面积S′=πa2，∴豆子落在半圆内的概率为=，设落在阴影部分内的豆子数目为n，则=，∴n=1000π由选项可知最有可能的数目为3000故选：C．点评：本题考查几何概型，属基础题．5．（5分）（2015春•湖南期中）直线l过点（2，3）且与直线m：3x+2y﹣4=0垂直，则直线l 的方程为（）A． 3x+2y﹣12=0 B． 2x+3y﹣13=0 C． 3x﹣2y=0 D． 2x﹣3y+5=0考点：直线的一般式方程与直线的垂直关系．专题：直线与圆．分析：由题意可得直线l的斜率，进而可得所求直线的斜率，由点斜式可写方程，整理成一般式即可解答：解：由题意可得直线l：3x+2y﹣4=0的斜率为，故所求直线的斜率为，由点斜式可得：y﹣3=（x﹣2），整理成一般式可得：2x﹣3y+5=0，故选：D．点评：本题考查直线方程的求解，涉及直线垂直的条件，属基础题6．（5分）（2015春•湖南期中）函数f（x）=x﹣x+4的零点位于区间（）A． B．（1，2） C．（2，3） D．（3，4）考点：二分法求方程的近似解．专题：计算题；函数的性质及应用．分析：可判断函数f（x）=x﹣x+4在（0，+∞）上减函数，结合函数零点的判定定理判断零点所在的区间即可．解答：解：函数f（x）=x﹣x+4在（0，+∞）上减函数，f（2）=2﹣2+4=1＞0，f（3）=3﹣3+4=3+1＜0；故f（2）f（3）＜0，故函数f（x）=x﹣x+4的零点在（2，3）之间，故选：C．点评：本题考查了对数函数的应用及函数零点的判定定理的应用，属于基础题．7．（5分）（2015春•湖南期中）有40件产品，编号从1到40，先从中抽取4件检验，用系统抽样方法确定所抽的编号可能为（）A． 5，10，15，20 B． 2，12，22，32 C． 2，14，26，38 D． 5，8，31，36考点：系统抽样方法．专题：概率与统计．分析：根据系统抽样的定义，进行判断即可．解答：解：从中抽取4件检验，则样本间隔为40÷4=10，则满足条件的编号为2，12，22，32，故选：B．点评：本题主要考查系统抽样的应用，求出样本间隔是解决本题的关键．8．（5分）（2015春•湖南期中）总体编号为001，002，003，…，299，300的300个个体组成．利用下面的随机数表选取5个个体，选取方法是从随机数表第1行的第3、4、5列数字开始由左到右依次选取三个数字，则选出来的第5个个体的编号为（）A． 080 B． 263 C． 140 D． 280考点：系统抽样方法．专题：概率与统计．分析：根据随机数表，依次进行选择即可得到结论．解答：解：从随机数表第1行的第3、4、5列数字开始由左到右依次选取三个数字小于300的编号依次为：166，080，263，140，280，198，则第5个个体的编号为280．故选：D．点评：本题主要考查简单随机抽样的应用，正确理解随机数法是解决本题的关键，比较基础．9．（5分）（2015春•湖南期中）某次数学测试后从两个班中各随机的抽取10名学生的数学成绩，作出它们的茎叶图如图所示，已知甲班的中位数为a1，标准差为s1，乙班的中位数为a2，标准差为s2，则由茎叶图可得（）A． a1＜a2，s1＞s2 B． a1＜a2，s1＜s2 C． a1＞a2，s1＞s2 D． a1＞a2，s1＜s2考点：众数、中位数、平均数．专题：计算题；概率与统计．分析：根据茎叶图，计算甲乙两班的中位数，比较a1、a2的大小；根据甲、乙两班的数据分布情况，得出标准差s1、s2的大小．解答：解：根据茎叶图，得；甲班的中位数为a1==75，乙班的中位数为a2==83，∴a1＜a2；又甲班的数据分布在52～96之间，成单峰分布，较为分散些，∴标准差s1相对大些；乙班的数据分布在62～92之间，成绩也成单峰分布，较为集中些，∴标准差s2相对小些，∴s1＞s2．故选：A．点评：本题考查了中位数、方差与标准差的应用问题，是基础题目．10．（5分）（2015春•湖南期中）已知直线l：3x+4y﹣3=0和圆C：x2+y2﹣6x﹣2y+1=0，则圆C上到直线l的距离等于1的点的个数为（）A． 4 B． 3 C． 2 D． 1考点：直线与圆的位置关系．专题：直线与圆．分析：求出圆心到直线的距离，结合半径之间的关系进行求解．解答：解：圆的标准方程为（x﹣3）2+（y﹣1）2=9，则圆心坐标为C（3，1），半径R=3，则圆心到直线的距离d=＜3，即直线和圆相交，则R﹣d=3﹣2=1，即圆C上到直线l的距离等于1的点的个数为3个，故选：B点评：本题主要考查直线和圆的位置关系的应用，求出圆心到直线的距离是解决本题的关键．二、填空题：本大题共5小题，每小题5分，共25分．11．（5分）（2015春•湖南期中）将二进制数11010（2）化为八进制数为32 （8）．考点：进位制．专题：计算题；算法和程序框图．分析：利用二进制数化为“十进制”的方法可得11010（2）=1×24+1×23+0×22+1×21+0×20．再利用“除8取余法”即可得出．解答：解：二进制数11010（2）=1×24+1×23+0×22+1×21+0×20=26．∵26÷8=3 (2)3÷8=0 (3)∴26（10）=32（8）故答案为：32．点评：本题考查了二进制数化为“十进制”的方法、“除8取余法”，属于基础题．12．（5分）（2015春•湖南期中）执行如图所示的程序，输出的结果是S=15 ．考点：循环结构．专题：图表型；算法和程序框图．分析：模拟执行程序框图，依次写出每次循环得到的S，i的值，当i=6时不满足条件i≤5，退出循环，输出S=15．解答：解：模拟执行程序框图，可得i=1，S=0满足条件i≤5，S=1，i=2满足条件i≤5，S=3，i=3满足条件i≤5，S=6，i=4满足条件i≤5，S=10，i=5满足条件i≤5，S=15，i=6不满足条件i≤5，退出循环，输出S=15．故答案为：S=15．点评：本题主要考查了循环结构的程序框图，属于基础题．13．（5分）（2015春•湖南期中）三棱锥的三视图如图所示，则该三棱锥的体积为．考点：由三视图求面积、体积．专题：计算题；空间位置关系与距离．分析：根据几何体的三视图，得出该几何体底面为直角三角形的三棱锥，且侧棱垂直于底面，求出它的体积即可．解答：解：根据几何体的三视图，得；该几何体是如图所示的三棱锥P﹣ABC，且PC⊥底面ABC，AC⊥BC；PC=BC=2，AC=；所以，该三棱锥的体积为V=××2××2=．故答案为：．点评：本题考查了空间几何体的三视图的应用问题，也考查了空间想象能力与计算能力，是基础题目．14．（5分）（2015春•湖南期中）已知具有线性相关关系的两个相关变量x与y之间的几组数利用最小二乘法求得线性回归方程为y=0.65x+3.1 ．考点：线性回归方程．专题：计算题；概率与统计．分析：先求出横标和纵标的平均数，得到这组数据的样本中心点，利用最小二乘法求出线性回归方程的系数，代入样本中心点求出a的值，写出线性回归方程．解答：解：由题意，=6，=7，∴b==0.65∴a=7﹣0.65×6=5.1故所求的回归方程为y=0.65x+3.1．故答案为：y=0.65x+3.1．点评：本题考查线性回归方程的求法和应用，本题解题的关键是利用最小二乘法求出线性回归方程的系数，考查学生的运算能力．15．（5分）（2015春•湖南期中）若角α满足条件tanαsinα＜0，﹣1＜sinα+cosα＜1，则角α是第二象限角．考点：三角函数值的符号．专题：三角函数的求值．分析：根据三角函数的符号和象限关系进行判断即可．解答：解：∵tanαsinα＜0，∴，即cosα＜0，即α是第二或第三象限，sinα+cosα=sin（α+），∵﹣1＜sinα+cosα＜1，∴，﹣1＜sin（α+）＜1，即﹣＜sin（α+）＜，∴2kπ﹣＜α+＜2kπ+或2kπ+＜α+＜2kπ+，即2kπ﹣＜α＜2kπ或2kπ+＜α＜2kπ+π，∵cosα＜0，∴2kπ+＜α＜2kπ+π，即α是第二象限的角，故答案为：二点评：本题主要考查三角函数角的象限的确定，比较基础．三、解答题16．（12分）（2015春•湖南期中）（1）化简：；（2）已知tanα=2，求的值．考点：同角三角函数基本关系的运用；运用诱导公式化简求值．专题：三角函数的求值．分析：（1）原式利用诱导公式化简，整理即可得到结果；（2）原式分子分母除以cosα，利用同角三角函数间的基本关系化简，把tanα的值代入计算即可求出值．解答：解：（1）原式=•（﹣cosα）+=sinα﹣cosα；（2）∵tanα=2，∴原式==．点评：此题考查了同角三角函数间基本关系的运用，熟练掌握基本关系是解本题的关键．17．（12分）（2015春•湖南期中）某校1000名学生期中考试数学成绩的频率分布直方图如图所示，其中成绩分组区间是：[50，60），[60，70），[70，80），[80，90），[90，100]．（1）求图中a的值；（2）根据频率分布直方图，估计这1000名学生数学成绩的平均分；（3）若这1000名学生数学成绩某些分数段的人数（x）与语文成绩相应分数段的人数（y）考点：频率分布直方图．专题：概率与统计．分析：（1）根据频率分布直方图所有小矩形的面积之和为1，求a．（2）根据平均数公式计算即可，（3）先求出语文成绩在[50，90）之内的人数，用1000减去此数，得出结果解答：（1）由频率分布图可知：（2a+0.02+0.03+0.04）×10=1⇔a=0.005…（4分）（2）由频率分布图可得该校1000名学生的数学成绩平均分为55×0.05+65×0.4+75×0.3+85×0.2+95×0.05=73…（8分）（3）语文成绩在[50，90）内的人数为人语文成绩在[50，90）外的人数为1000﹣850=150人…1（2分）点评：本题考查频率分布估计总体分布，解题的关键是理解频率分布直方图，熟练掌握频率分布直方图的性质，且能根据所给的数据建立恰当的方程求解．18．（12分）（2015春•湖南期中）为了了解某校学生对社会主义核心价值观的背诵掌握情况，拟采用分层抽样的方法从该校的高一、高二、高三这三个年级中共抽取7个班进行调查，已知该校的高一、高二、高三这三个年级分别有18、12、12个班级．（Ⅰ）求分别从高一、高二、高三这三个年级中抽取的班级个数；（Ⅱ）若从抽取的7个班级中随机抽取2个班级进行调查结果的对比，求这2个班级中至少有1个班级来自高一年级的概率．考点：列举法计算基本事件数及事件发生的概率；分层抽样方法．专题：概率与统计．分析：（Ⅰ）由题意知总体个数是42，要抽取的个数是7，做出每个个体被抽到的概率，分别用三个年级的数目乘以概率，得到每一个年级要抽取的班数．（Ⅱ）设A，B，C为在高一年级中抽取的3个班级，a，b为在高二年级中抽取的2个班级1，2为在高三年级中抽取的2个班级，从这7个班级中随机抽取2个，全部的可能结果有21种，随机抽取的2个班级中至少有1个班级来自高一年级的结果有一共有15种，根据概率公式计算即可．解答：解：（Ⅰ）班级总数为18+12+12=42，样本容量与总体中的个体数比为，所以从高一、高二、高三这三个年级中分别抽取的班级个数为3，2，2．（Ⅱ）设A，B，C为在高一年级中抽取的3个班级，a，b为在高二年级中抽取的2个班级1，2为在高三年级中抽取的2个班级，从这7个班级中随机抽取2个，全部的可能结果有21种，分别如下，AB，AC，Aa，Ab，A1，A2，BC，Ba，Bb，B1，B2，Ca，Cb，C1，C2，ab，a1，a2，b1，b2，12，随机抽取的2个班级中至少有1个班级来自高一年级的结果有一共有15种AB，AC，Aa，Ab，A1，A2，BC，Ba，Bb，B1，B2，Ca，Cb，C1，C2．所以概率为，答：这2个班级中至少有1个班级来自高一年级的概率为．点评：本题主要考查分层抽样的定义和方法，以及古典概率的问题，属于基础题．19．（13分）（2015春•湖南期中）如图所示，在三棱柱ABC﹣A1B1C1中，侧棱垂直于底面，AB⊥BC，AA1=AC=2，BC=1，E，F分别是A1C1，BC的中点．（1）求证：直线AB⊥平面BCC1B1；（2）求异面直线AE与C1F所成的角的正弦值．考点：异面直线及其所成的角；平面与平面垂直的判定．专题：空间位置关系与距离．分析：（1）根据三棱柱ABC﹣A1B1C1中，侧棱垂直于底面，得到侧棱BB1与AB垂直，再由AB⊥B C，且BC∩BB1=B，即可得证；（2）如图，取AC的中点G，连结C1F，GF，易得AE∥C1G，确定出∠GC1F就是异面直线AE与C1F所成的角，求出即可．解答：（1）证明：在三棱柱ABC，A1B1C1中，BB1⊥底面ABC，∴BB1⊥AB，又∵AB⊥BC，BC∩BB1=B，∴AB⊥平面B1BCC1；（2）解：如图，取AC的中点G，连结C1F，GF，易得AE∥C1G，∴∠GC1F就是异面直线AE与C1F所成的角，由（1）可知直线AB⊥平面BCC1B1，∴AB⊥C1F，又AB∥GF，∴GF⊥C1F，在Rt△ABC中，根据勾股定理得：AB==，∴GF=，又在Rt△CC1G中，根据勾股定理得：C1G==，∴sin∠GC1F==，则异面直线AE与C1F所成的角的正弦值为．点评：此题考查了异面直线及其所成的角，平面与平面垂直的判定，确定出异面直线所求的角是解本题的关键．20．（13分）（2015春•湖南期中）已知函数，其中0＜ω＜2．若点为函数f（x）图象的一个对称中心．（1）求ω的值；（2）求函数f（x）的周期和单调增区间．考点：由y=Asin（ωx+φ）的部分图象确定其解析式；三角函数的周期性及其求法；正弦函数的图象．专题：三角函数的图像与性质．分析：（1）由题意可得，从而得，结合范围0＜ω＜2即可求得ω的值．（2）由（1）可得，根据三角函数的周期性及其求法可求周期，由可解得单调增区间．解答：（本小题共13分）解：（1）点为函数f（x）图象的一个对称中心⇒，即：…（3分）⇒⇒ω=1﹣3k，k∈Z…（6分）又因为0＜ω＜2，所以ω=1．…（7分）（2）由（1）知ω=1，则，所以…（9分）由得…（11分）函数f（x）的单调增区间为．…（13分）点评：本题主要考查了由y=Asin（ωx+φ）的部分图象确定其解析式，三角函数的周期性及其求法，正弦函数的图象和性质，属于基础题．21．（13分）（2015春•湖南期中）已知函数f（x）=，g（x）=x2+2mx+（1）用定义法证明f（x）在R上是增函数；（2）求出所有满足不等式f（2a﹣a2）+f（3）＞0的实数a构成的集合；（3）对任意的实数x1∈[﹣1，1]，都存在一个实数x2∈[﹣1，1]，使得f（x1）=g（x2），求实数m的取值范围．考点：函数单调性的性质；函数单调性的判断与证明；函数的值．专题：函数的性质及应用．分析：（1）设x1、x2是R上任意两个值，且x1＜x2，求得∴f（x1）﹣f（x2）＜0，可得f（x）在R上是增函数．（2）先证明f（x）为奇函数，不等式即f（3）＞﹣f（2a﹣a2）=f（a2﹣2a），再利用f（x）在R上是增函数可得a2﹣2a＜3，由此求得a的范围．（3）利用f（x）的单调性求得A，设g（x）在[﹣1，1]上的值域为B，则由题意可知A⊆B，分类讨论求得B，从而求得实数m的取值范围．解答：解：（1）证明：f（x）的定义域为R，设x1、x2是R上任意两个值，且x1＜x2，则，∵x1＜x2，∴，，，∴f（x1）﹣f（x2）＜0，∴f（x）在R上是增函数．（2）∵，∴f（x）在R上是奇函数，∵f（2a﹣a2）+f（3）＞0，∴f（3）＞﹣f（2a﹣a2）=f（a2﹣2a），又∵f（x）在R上是增函数，∴a2﹣2a＜3，解得﹣1＜a＜3，∴所求实数a构成的集合为 {a|﹣1＜a＜3}．（3）∵f（x）在R上是增函数，∴当x1∈[﹣1，1]时，f（x1）∈[f（﹣1），f（1）]，即．设g（x）在[﹣1，1]上的值域为B，则由题意可知A⊆B．∵，∴，解得或，①当时，函数g（x）在[﹣1，1]上为减函数，所以；由A⊆B得，解得．②当时，函数g（x）在[﹣1，1]上为增函数，所以，由A⊆B得，解得．综上可知，实数m的取值范围为或．点评：本题主要考查函数的单调性、奇偶性的应用，集合间的包含关系，体现了转化、分类讨论的数学思想，属于中档题．。
湖南省五市十校2013-2014学年高一下学期期中教学质量联合检测 历史 含解析byli
绝命★启用前五市十校2014年上学期高一期中考试题科目:历史时量：60分钟满分：100分命题责任人：宁乡一中欧阳炳审定责任人：东山学校吴小鹏雷锋学校易格清南方中学戴建平作答要求：1。
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一、选择题（24题，每题2分，共48分）1、春秋战国时期，小农经济产生的主要原因是（)A.铁器和牛耕的使用和推广B。
社会人口的增加C.国家分裂的影响D.统治阶级的提倡【答案】A考点：小农经济出现的原因。
本题主要考察的是小农经济产生的原因。
根据所学知识可知，生产关系的变化，这是由于生产力的变化造成的,铁犁牛耕是生产力水平发展的标志，故选A。
2、“五谷丰登”、“六畜兴旺”表达了我国劳动人民的美好愿望，反映了中国古代农业经济的特点是( ）A．农业与手工业相结合B．种植业与家畜饲养业结合C．畜牲业在经济中占据主导地位D．农业、牧业、商业呈多元发展考点:农业经济的特点。
从材料“五谷丰登”、“六畜兴旺”等可以看出,我国古代农业经济是以种植业为主,家畜饲养业为辅的结构.故选B.3、古代欧洲称中国为Seres，现代英文称中国为China。
据说这与中国传统手工业闻名于世有关。
你认为与之相关的传统手工业是：( ) A．青铜业、冶铁业B．制瓷业、棉织业C．丝织业、制瓷业D．造纸业、采煤业【答案】C考点：手工业的发展.本题主要考查学生运用批判、借鉴、引用的方式评论历史观点,Seres（希腊语）赛里斯（指中国人）、丝国（中国），指向丝织业;China(拉丁语）中国、瓷器，指向制瓷业。
故选C。
4、明清时期（1840年前）出现的社会现象中，最能反映当时世界发展潮流的是（）A．“以末致富,以本守之”B．“匠有常主，计日受值" C．“滋生人丁，永不加赋" D．“奏章票拟，主之内阁”【答案】B考点：资本主义萌芽。
湖南省五市十校高一下学期期中联考试卷 语文 Word版含答案.pdf
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一．基础知识部分（本题包括4小题，每题3分，共12分） 1．下列加点字读音正确的一项是（ ） A．懵懂（měng） 谬种（miù） 庠序（xiáng ） 驯熟（xùn） 畏葸不前 (xǐ) B．钿头（diàn） 朱拓（tuò) 聒噪（guā） 垣（guǐ） 不积跬步（kuǐ）（）） 2．下列各组中没有错别字的一组是（ ） A．訾詈 骐骥 指摘 兴高彩烈 走头无路 揠苗助长 B．膏梁 鞭笞 嬉闹 百无聊赖 用心燥也 一觞一咏 C．邮戳 遐想 遨游 纷繁芜杂 扪参历井 责无旁贷 D．寒喧 苍海 砥砺 锲而不舍 呕哑嘲哳 义愤填膺 3.下列加点词语运用正确的一项是（ ） A．这种鱼天生地要吃海里的一切鱼，它们游得那么快，身子那么强健，战斗的武器那么好，以致于没有任何的敌手。
B．2003年10月5日清晨，一枚巨型运载火箭树立在酒泉卫星发射中心。
C．这么好的天气去长江边郊游，同学们可以在大自然中尽情地享受天伦之乐。
D．我不理解他们想告诉我们的许多东西，但是最使我对此感兴趣的是他未能完成自己的伟大发现就撒手人寰。
4．下列对联与人物对应有误的一项是（ ） A．刚直不阿，留得正气冲霄汉；幽愁发愤，铸成信史照尘寰诗史数千言，秋天一鹄先生骨；草堂三五里，春水群鸥野老心译著尚未成功，惊闻陨星，中国何人领呐喊先生已经作古，痛忆旧雨，文坛从此感彷徨青冢有情犹识路；平沙无处可招魂。
5-8题 师 说 韩 愈 古之学者必有师。
师者，所以传道受业解惑也。
湖南省五市十校2014届高三物理第一次联考试题(含解析)新人教版
2013年湖南省五市十校高三第一次联考物理试卷一、选择题〔共12小题，每一小题4分，共48分．在每一小题给出的四个选项中，有的只有一个选项正确，有的有多个选项正确，全选对的得4分，选对但不全的得2分，有选错得0分．〕1．〔4分〕〔2013•湖南模拟〕一个做变速直线运动的物体，加速度逐渐减小，直至为零，那么该物体运动的情况可能是〔〕A．速度不断增大，加速度为零时，速度最大B．速度不断减小，加速度为零时，速度最小C．速度的变化率越来越小D．速度一定是越来越小2．〔4分〕〔2013•湖南模拟〕如下列图，质量为m的物块，沿着半径为R的半球形金属壳内壁滑下，半球形金属壳竖直固定放置，开口向上，滑到最低点时速度大小为v，假设物体与球壳之间的摩擦因数为μ，如此物体在最低点时，如下说法正确的答案是〔〕A．受到向心力为mg+m B．受到的摩擦力为μmC．受到的摩擦力为μ〔mg+m〕D．受到的合力方向斜向左上方3．〔4分〕〔2008•某某〕在粗糙水平地面上与墙平行放着一个截面为半圆的柱状物体A，A 与竖直墙之间放一光滑圆球B，整个装置处于平衡状态．现对B加一竖直向下的力F，F的作用线通过球心，设墙对B的作用力为F1，B对A的作用力为F2，地面对A的作用力为F3．假设F缓慢增大而整个装置仍保持静止，截面如下列图，在此过程中〔〕A．F1保持不变，F3缓慢增大B．F1缓慢增大，F3保持不变C．F2缓慢增大，F3缓慢增大D．F2缓慢增大，F3保持不变4．〔4分〕〔2013•湖南模拟〕某一物体运动情况或所受合外力的情况如下列图，四幅图的图线都是直线，从图中可以判断这四个一定质量物体的某些运动特征．如下有关说法中正确的答案是〔〕A．甲物体受到不为零、且恒定的合外力B．乙物体受到的合外力越来越大C．丙物体受到的合外力为零D．丁物体的加速度越来越大5．〔4分〕〔2012•某某〕如图，光滑斜面固定于水平面，滑块A、B叠放后一起冲上斜面，且始终保持相对静止，A上外表水平．如此在斜面上运动时，B 受力的示意图为〔〕A．B．C．D．6．〔4分〕〔2013•湖南模拟〕如下列图，小球从楼梯上以2m/s的速度水平抛出，所有台阶的高度和宽度均为0.25m，g取10/s2，小球抛出后首先落到的台阶是〔〕A．第一级台阶B．第二级台阶C．第三级台阶D．第四级台阶7．〔4分〕〔2013•湖南模拟〕如下列图为一皮带传动装置，右轮的半径为r，a是它边缘上的一点．左侧是一轮轴，大轮的半径为4r，小轮的半径为2r．b点在小轮上，到小轮中心的距离为r．c点和d点分别位于小轮和大轮的边缘上．假设在传动过程中，皮带不打滑．如此〔〕A．a点与b点的线速度大小相等B．a点与b点的角速度大小相等C．a点与c点的线速度大小相等D．a点与d点的向心加速度大小相等8．〔4分〕〔2013•湖南模拟〕质量为10kg的物体，在变力F作用下沿x轴做直线运动，力随位移x的变化情况如下列图．物体在x=0处速度为1m/s，一切摩擦不计，如此物体运动到x=16m处时，速度大小为〔〕A．2m/s B．3m/s C．4m/s D．m/s9．〔4分〕〔2012•福建〕一卫星绕某一行星外表附近做匀速圆周运动，其线速度大小为v．假设宇航员在该行星外表上用弹簧测力计测量一质量为m的物体重力，物体静止时，弹簧测力计的示数为N．引力常量为G，如此这颗行星的质量为〔〕A．B．C．D．10．〔4分〕〔2013•湖南模拟〕一小孩从公园中的滑梯上加速滑下，对于其机械能变化情况，如下说法中正确的答案是〔〕A．重力势能减小，动能不变，机械能减小B．重力势能减小，动能增加，机械能减小C．重力势能减小，动能增加，机械能增加D．重力势能减小，动能增加，机械能不变11．〔4分〕〔2009•某某〕两带电量分别为q和﹣q的点电荷放在x轴上，相距为L，能正确反映两电荷连线上场强大小E与x关系的是图〔〕A．B．C．D．12．〔4分〕〔2013•湖南模拟〕图中虚线为匀强电场中与场强方向垂直的等间距平行直线．不计重力的两粒子M、N质量相等，电荷量的绝对值也相等．现将M、N虚线上的O点以一样速率射出，两粒子在电场中运动的轨迹分别如图中两条实线所示．a、b、c为粒子轨迹与虚线的交点，O点电势高于c点．如此〔〕A．M带负电，N带正电B．N在a点的速度与M在c点的速度一样C．N从O点运动至a点的过程中抑制电场力做功D．M从O点运动至b点的过程中，电场力对它做功为零二、实验题〔此题共2小题，共12分，其中第13小题4分，第14小题8分〕13．〔4分〕〔2013•湖南模拟〕图甲给出的是利用游标卡尺测量某一物体长度时的示数，此示数应为_________ mm．图乙给出的是利用螺旋测微器测量某一金属丝直径时的示数，此示数应为_________ mm．14．〔8分〕〔2013•湖南模拟〕某实验小组利用如图甲所示的实验装置来验证机械能守恒定律．当地的重力加速度g=9.80m/s2①实验小组选出一条纸带如图乙所示，其中O点为打点计时器打下的第一个点，A、B、C为三个计数点，在计数点A和B、B和C之间还各有一个点，测得h1=12.01cm，h2=19.15cm，h3=27.86cm．打点计时器通以50Hz的交流电．根据以上数据算出：当打点计时器打到B点时重锤的重力势能比开始下落时减少了_________ J；此时重锤的动能比开始下落时增加了_________ J，根据计算结果可以知道该实验小组在做实验时出现的问题是_________ ．〔重锤质量m〕②在图乙所示的纸带根底上，某同学又选取了多个计数点，并测出了各计数点到第一个点O 的距离h，算出了各计数点对应的速度v，以h为横轴，以为纵轴画出的图线应是如如下图中的_________ ．图线的斜率表示_________ ．三、计算题〔此题4小题，共40分．解答时应写出必要的文字说明、方程式和重要的演算步骤，只写出最后答案的不能得分，有数值运算的，答案中必须明确写出数值和单位．〕15．〔8分〕〔2013•湖南模拟〕一物体沿一直线从静止开始运动且同时开始计时，其加速度随时间周期性变化的关系图线〔a﹣t图〕如下列图，求：〔1〕物体在第4s末的速度；〔2〕物体在第4s内的位移．16．〔10分〕〔2013•湖南模拟〕两个行星各有一个卫星绕其外表运行，两个卫星的周期之比为1：3，两行星半径之比为3：1，如此：〔1〕两行星密度之比为多少？〔2〕两行星外表处重力加速度之比为多少？17．〔10分〕〔2013•湖南模拟〕如下列图在光滑水平Oxy平面的ABCD区域内，小球在区域ABEO和MNCD水平方向均仅受到大小皆为F的水平恒力，在ABEO区域F力的方向沿X轴负方向，在MNCD区域F力的方向沿y轴负方向，在中间的DENM区域不受任何水平力的作用．两恒力区域的边界均是边长为L的正方形，即AO=OM=MD=DC=L，如下列图．〔1〕在该区域AB边的中点处由静止释放一小球，求小球离开ABCD区域的位置坐标．〔2〕在ABEO区域内适当位置由静止释放小球，小球恰能从ABCD区域左下角D处〔即X轴上X=﹣2L处〕离开，求所有释放点的位置坐标满足的关系．18．〔12分〕〔2013•湖南模拟〕质量为m=1kg的小物块轻轻放在水平匀速运动的传送带上的P点，随传送带运动到A点后水平抛出，小物块恰好无碰撞的沿圆弧切线从B点进入竖直光滑的圆孤轨道下滑．B、C为圆弧的两端点，其连线水平．圆弧半径R=1.0m圆弧对应圆心角θ=106°，轨道最低点为O，A点距水平面的高度h=0.8m，小物块离开C点后恰能无碰撞的沿固定斜面向上运动，0.8s后经过D点，物块与斜面间的动摩擦因数为μ1=〔g=10m/s2，sin37°=0.6，cos37°=0.8〕试求：〔1〕小物块离开A点时的水平初速度v1．〔2〕小物块经过O点时对轨道的压力．〔3〕假设小物块与传送带间的动摩擦因数为μ2=0.3，传送带的速度为5m/s，如此PA间的距离是多少？〔4〕斜面上CD间的距离．2013年湖南省五市十校高三第一次联考物理试卷参考答案与试题解析一、选择题〔共12小题，每一小题4分，共48分．在每一小题给出的四个选项中，有的只有一个选项正确，有的有多个选项正确，全选对的得4分，选对但不全的得2分，有选错得0分．〕1．〔4分〕〔2013•湖南模拟〕一个做变速直线运动的物体，加速度逐渐减小，直至为零，那么该物体运动的情况可能是〔〕A．速度不断增大，加速度为零时，速度最大B．速度不断减小，加速度为零时，速度最小C．速度的变化率越来越小D．速度一定是越来越小考点：加速度；速率．专题：直线运动规律专题．分析：根据物体的加速度表示速度变化的快慢，与速度大小无关，分析物体可能的运动情况．解答：解：A、假设加速度方向与速度方向一样，加速度逐渐变小时，速度仍不断增大，当加速度减为零时，物体做匀速直线运动，速度达到最大．比如汽车以额定功率在平直的公路上起动过程．故A正确．B、假设加速度方向与速度方向相反，速度不断减小，当加速度减为零时，物体做匀速直线运动，速度达到最小．这种运动是可能的．故B正确．C、加速度减小，物体的速度变化一定越来越慢，变化率越来越小．故C正确．D、由于加速度与速度方向的关系未知，加速度减小，速度不一定减小．故D错误．应当选ABC点评：此题考查对加速度与速度关系的理解能力，加速度减小，速度不一定减小．2．〔4分〕〔2013•湖南模拟〕如下列图，质量为m的物块，沿着半径为R的半球形金属壳内壁滑下，半球形金属壳竖直固定放置，开口向上，滑到最低点时速度大小为v，假设物体与球壳之间的摩擦因数为μ，如此物体在最低点时，如下说法正确的答案是〔〕A．受到向心力为mg+m B．受到的摩擦力为μmC．受到的摩擦力为μ〔mg+m〕D．受到的合力方向斜向左上方考点：向心力；滑动摩擦力；牛顿第二定律．专题：牛顿第二定律在圆周运动中的应用．分析：根据牛顿第二定律求出小球所受的支持力，根据滑动摩擦力公式求出摩擦力的大小，从而确定合力的大致方向．解答：解：A、向心力的大小F n=．故A错误．B、根据牛顿第二定律得，N﹣mg=m，如此N=mg+m．所以滑动摩擦力f=μN=μ〔mg+m〕．故B错误，C正确．D、由于重力支持力的合力方向竖直向上，滑动摩擦力方向水平向左，如此物体合力的方向斜向左上方．故D正确．应当选CD．点评：解决此题的关键确定物体做圆周运动向心力的来源，运用牛顿第二定律进展求解．3．〔4分〕〔2008•某某〕在粗糙水平地面上与墙平行放着一个截面为半圆的柱状物体A，A 与竖直墙之间放一光滑圆球B，整个装置处于平衡状态．现对B加一竖直向下的力F，F的作用线通过球心，设墙对B的作用力为F1，B对A的作用力为F2，地面对A的作用力为F3．假设F缓慢增大而整个装置仍保持静止，截面如下列图，在此过程中〔〕A．F1保持不变，F3缓慢增大B．F1缓慢增大，F3保持不变C．F2缓慢增大，F3缓慢增大D．F2缓慢增大，F3保持不变考点：共点力平衡的条件与其应用．专题：计算题．分析：分别以B和整体为研究对象，分别进展受力分析画出力的示意图，根据F的变化可知B对A的作用力，与地面对A的作用力．解答：解：对B分析，可知墙对B的作用力与A对球的作用力的合力与F与重力的合力大小相等，方向相反，故当F增大时，B对A的压力增大；即F2增大；对整体分析，整体受重力、支持力与压力F而处于平衡，故当F增大时，地面对A的支持力增大；故F3增大；应当选C．点评：此题由于角度不发生变化，故压力增大时，B对A的压力增大；因此此题的难度不大．4．〔4分〕〔2013•湖南模拟〕某一物体运动情况或所受合外力的情况如下列图，四幅图的图线都是直线，从图中可以判断这四个一定质量物体的某些运动特征．如下有关说法中正确的答案是〔〕A．甲物体受到不为零、且恒定的合外力B．乙物体受到的合外力越来越大C．丙物体受到的合外力为零D．丁物体的加速度越来越大考点：匀变速直线运动的图像．专题：运动学中的图像专题．分析：通过图线得出加速度的大小，从而根据牛顿第二定律判断合力的变化．解答：解：A、甲做匀速直线运动，加速度为零，根据牛顿第二定律，合力为零．故A错误．B、乙物体做匀加速直线运动，加速度恒定，如此合力恒定．故B错误．C、丙物体加速度恒定，如此合力恒定，且不为零．故C错误．D、丁物体所受的合力逐渐增大，如此加速度逐渐增大．故D正确．应当选D．点评：解决此题的关键知道各种图象的物理意义，以与知道加速度和合力的关系．5．〔4分〕〔2012•某某〕如图，光滑斜面固定于水平面，滑块A、B叠放后一起冲上斜面，且始终保持相对静止，A上外表水平．如此在斜面上运动时，B受力的示意图为〔〕A．B．C．D．考点：力的合成与分解的运用．专题：压轴题；受力分析方法专题．分析：对整体分析，得出整体的加速度方向，确定B的加速度方向，知道B的合力方向，从而知道B的受力情况．解答：解：整体向上做匀减速直线运动，加速度方向沿斜面向下，如此B的加速度方向沿斜面向下．根据牛顿第二定律知，B的合力沿斜面向下，如此B一定受到水平向左的摩擦力以与重力和支持力．故A正确，B、C、D错误．应当选A．点评：解决此题的关键知道B与整体具有一样的加速度，根据加速度确定物体的合力方向．注意整体法和隔离法的运用．6．〔4分〕〔2013•湖南模拟〕如下列图，小球从楼梯上以2m/s的速度水平抛出，所有台阶的高度和宽度均为0.25m，g取10/s2，小球抛出后首先落到的台阶是〔〕A．第一级台阶B．第二级台阶C．第三级台阶D．第四级台阶考点：平抛运动．专题：平抛运动专题．分析：小球做平抛运动，根据平抛运动的特点水平方向做匀速运动，竖直方向做自由落体运动，结合几何关系即可求解．解答：解：如图：设小球落到斜线上的时间t水平：x=v0t竖直：y=且解得t=0.4s相应的水平距离：x=2×0.4m=0.8m台阶数：n=知小球抛出后首先落到的台阶为第四级台阶．故D正确，A、B、C错误．应当选D．点评：解决此题的关键掌握平抛运动的特点：水平方向做匀速运动，竖直方向做自由落体运动，难度不大，属于根底题．7．〔4分〕〔2013•湖南模拟〕如下列图为一皮带传动装置，右轮的半径为r，a是它边缘上的一点．左侧是一轮轴，大轮的半径为4r，小轮的半径为2r．b点在小轮上，到小轮中心的距离为r．c点和d点分别位于小轮和大轮的边缘上．假设在传动过程中，皮带不打滑．如此〔〕A．a点与b点的线速度大小相等B．a点与b点的角速度大小相等C．a点与c点的线速度大小相等D．a点与d点的向心加速度大小相等考点：线速度、角速度和周期、转速；向心加速度．专题：匀速圆周运动专题．分析：共轴转动的各点角速度相等，靠传送带传动轮子上的点线速度大小相等，根据v=rω，a=rω2=半径各点线速度、角速度和向心加速度的大小．解答：解：A、a、c两点的线速度大小相等，b、c两点的角速度相等，根据v=rω，c的线速度大于b的线速度，如此a、c两点的线速度不等．故A错误，C正确．B、a、c的线速度相等，根据v=rω，知角速度不等，但b、c角速度相等，所以a、b两点的角速度不等．故B错误．D、根据a=rω2得，d点的向心加速度是c点的2倍，根据a=知，a的向心加速度是c的2倍，所以a、d两点的向心加速度相等．故D正确．应当选CD．点评：解决此题的关键知道线速度、角速度、向心加速度与半径的关系，以与知道共轴转动的各点角速度相等，靠传送带传动轮子上的点线速度大小相等．8．〔4分〕〔2013•湖南模拟〕质量为10kg的物体，在变力F作用下沿x轴做直线运动，力随位移x的变化情况如下列图．物体在x=0处速度为1m/s，一切摩擦不计，如此物体运动到x=16m处时，速度大小为〔〕A．2m/s B．3m/s C．4m/s D．m/s考点：牛顿第二定律．分析：在0﹣4m位移内F恒定，物体做匀加速直线运动，可以根据匀变速直线运动位移速度公式求出x=4m处时的速度，在4m﹣8m位移内，力在逐渐减小，是变力，在8m﹣12m 位移内力等于零，在12m﹣16m位移内，力F反方向逐渐增大，根据做功公式可知：力F在4﹣16m内做功之和为零，可对这一阶段运用动能定理得到x=16m处时速度等于x=4m处时的速度．解答：解：在0﹣4m位移内F恒定，物体做匀加速直线运动，根据牛顿第二定律得；a==1m/s2根据2ax=得：v4=3m/s对物体在4﹣16m内运动过程运用动能定理得；=s4﹣8+0﹣s12﹣16从图中可知=，s4﹣8=s12﹣16=4m，所以4﹣16m内力F做功之和为0，所以v16=v4=3m/s应当选B．点评：此题考查了牛顿第二定律、功的计算以与动能定理的应用，要求同学们能根据图象找出有用信息，选取适宜的运动过程运用动能定理求解，该题难题适中．9．〔4分〕〔2012•福建〕一卫星绕某一行星外表附近做匀速圆周运动，其线速度大小为v．假设宇航员在该行星外表上用弹簧测力计测量一质量为m的物体重力，物体静止时，弹簧测力计的示数为N．引力常量为G，如此这颗行星的质量为〔〕A．B．C．D．考点：人造卫星的加速度、周期和轨道的关系；万有引力定律与其应用．专题：人造卫星问题．分析：先求出该星球外表重力加速度，根据万有引力提供向心力公式即可求解解答：解：G=mg所以g=根据万有引力提供向心力得：解得：M=应当选B点评：此题是卫星类型的问题，常常建立这样的模型：环绕天体绕中心天体做匀速圆周运动，由中心天体的万有引力提供向心力．重力加速度g是联系星球外表宏观物体运动和天体运动的桥梁．10．〔4分〕〔2013•湖南模拟〕一小孩从公园中的滑梯上加速滑下，对于其机械能变化情况，如下说法中正确的答案是〔〕A．重力势能减小，动能不变，机械能减小B．重力势能减小，动能增加，机械能减小C．重力势能减小，动能增加，机械能增加D．重力势能减小，动能增加，机械能不变考点：机械能守恒定律．专题：机械能守恒定律应用专题．分析：功能关系有多种不同的表现形式：重力做功是重力势能的变化量度；合力做功是动能的变化量度；除重力外其余力做的功是机械能变化的量度．解答：解：小孩下滑过程中，受到重力、支持力和滑动摩擦力，其中重力做正功，支持力不做功，滑动摩擦力做负功；重力做功是重力势能的变化量度，故重力势能减小；小孩加速下滑，故动能增加；除重力外其余力做的功是机械能变化的量度，摩擦力做负功，故机械能减小；应当选B．点评：此题关键是抓住功能关系的不同表示形式进展分析处理，其中机械能的变化等于除重力外其余力做的功一定要记住．11．〔4分〕〔2009•某某〕两带电量分别为q和﹣q的点电荷放在x轴上，相距为L，能正确反映两电荷连线上场强大小E与x关系的是图〔〕A．B．C．D．考点：电场的叠加．分析：结合等量异种电荷的电场线分布情况分析，电场线的疏密程度反映场强的大小，电场线的切线方向反映电场强度的方向．解答：解：由等量异种点电荷的电场强度的关系可知，在两电荷连线中点处电场强度最小，但不是零，从两点电荷向中点电场强度逐渐减小；应当选A．点评：此题关键是结合等量异种电荷的电场线分布情况分析，也可以结合点电荷的电场强度公式列式求解．12．〔4分〕〔2013•湖南模拟〕图中虚线为匀强电场中与场强方向垂直的等间距平行直线．不计重力的两粒子M、N质量相等，电荷量的绝对值也相等．现将M、N虚线上的O点以一样速率射出，两粒子在电场中运动的轨迹分别如图中两条实线所示．a、b、c为粒子轨迹与虚线的交点，O点电势高于c点．如此〔〕A．M带负电，N带正电B．N在a点的速度与M在c点的速度一样C．N从O点运动至a点的过程中抑制电场力做功D．M从O点运动至b点的过程中，电场力对它做功为零考点：带电粒子在匀强电场中的运动；电势能．专题：电场力与电势的性质专题．分析：根据粒子的轨迹可判断粒子的电场力方向，O点电势高于c点，根据电场线与等势线垂直，而且由高电势指向低电势，可判断出电场方向，从而确定出粒子的电性．由动能定理可知，N在a点的速度与M在c点的速度大小相等，但方向不同．N从O点运动至a点的过程中电场力做正功．O、b间电势差为零，由动能定理可知电场力做功为零．解答：解：A、由题，等势线在水平方向，O点电势高于c点，根据电场线与等势线垂直，而且由高电势指向低电势，可知电场方向竖直向下，根据粒子的轨迹可判断出a粒子所受的电场力方向竖起向上，M粒子所受的电场力方向竖直向下，故知N粒子带负电，M带正电．故A错误．B、由动能定理可知，N在a点的速度与M在c点的速度大小相等，但方向不同，速度不同．故B错误．C、N从O点运动至a点的过程中电场力与速度的夹角为锐角，电场力做正功．故C错误．D、O、b间电势差为零，由动能定理可知M从O点运动至b点的过程中，电场力对它做功为零．故D正确．应当选D点评：此题要根据粒子的轨迹判定电场力方向，根据电场线与等势线垂直的特点，分析能否判定电性．由动能定理分析电场力做功是常用的方法．二、实验题〔此题共2小题，共12分，其中第13小题4分，第14小题8分〕13．〔4分〕〔2013•湖南模拟〕图甲给出的是利用游标卡尺测量某一物体长度时的示数，此示数应为29.70 mm．图乙给出的是利用螺旋测微器测量某一金属丝直径时的示数，此示数应为3.470 mm．考点：刻度尺、游标卡尺的使用；螺旋测微器的使用．专题：实验题．分析：游标卡尺读数的方法是主尺读数加上游标读数，不需估读；螺旋测微器的读数方法是固定刻度读数加上可动刻度读数，在读可动刻度读数时需估读．解答：解：游标卡尺的固定刻度读数为29mm，游标尺上第6个刻度游标读数为0.05×14mm=0.70mm，所以最终读数为：29.70mm；螺旋测微器的固定刻度读数为3mm，可动刻度读数为0.01×47.0mm=0.470mm，所以最终读数为：3.470mm．故答案为：29.70、3.470．点评：解决此题的关键掌握游标卡尺和螺旋测微器的读数方法，游标卡尺读数的方法是主尺读数加上游标读数，不需估读．螺旋测微器的读数方法是固定刻度读数加上可动刻度读数，在读可动刻度读数时需估读．14．〔8分〕〔2013•湖南模拟〕某实验小组利用如图甲所示的实验装置来验证机械能守恒定律．当地的重力加速度g=9.80m/s2①实验小组选出一条纸带如图乙所示，其中O点为打点计时器打下的第一个点，A、B、C为三个计数点，在计数点A和B、B和C之间还各有一个点，测得h1=12.01cm，h2=19.15cm，h3=27.86cm．打点计时器通以50Hz的交流电．根据以上数据算出：当打点计时器打到B点时重锤的重力势能比开始下落时减少了1.88mJ；此时重锤的动能比开始下落时增加了1.96m J，根据计算结果可以知道该实验小组在做实验时出现的问题是实验时先释放了纸带，然后再合上打点计时器的电键或者释放纸带时手抖动了．〔重锤质量m〕②在图乙所示的纸带根底上，某同学又选取了多个计数点，并测出了各计数点到第一个点O 的距离h，算出了各计数点对应的速度v，以h为横轴，以为纵轴画出的图线应是如如下图中的 D ．图线的斜率表示g ．考点：验证机械能守恒定律．专题：实验题；机械能守恒定律应用专题．分析：根据下降的高度求出重力势能的减小量，根据某段时间内的平均速度等于中间时刻的瞬时速度求出B点的瞬时速度，从而求出动能的增加量．动能的增加量大于重力势能的减小量原因可能是实验时先释放了纸带，然后再合上打点计时器的电键或者释放纸带时手抖动了．根据机械能守恒推导v2与gh关系式，结合乙图误差形成的原因确定正确的图线．。
五市十校2013-2014学年高一下学期期中教学质量联合检测生物试题及答案
五市十校2014年上学期高一教学质量联合检测生物一、选择题（本大题共25个小题，每小题2分，共50分，单选）1．下列各组中不属于相对性状的是 ( ) A．水稻的早熟和高产 B．豌豆的紫花和红花C．小麦的抗病和易感染疾病 D．绵羊的粗毛和细毛2．有一批抗锈病(显性性状)小麦种子，要确定这些种子是否纯种，正确且简便的方法是( ) A．与纯种抗锈病小麦进行杂交 B．与纯种易染锈病小麦进行测交C．与杂种抗锈病小麦进行杂交 D．自交3. 豌豆的高茎对矮茎是显性，现进行两株高茎豌豆间的杂交，后代既有高茎豌豆又有矮茎豌豆，若后代中的全部高茎豌豆进行自交，则所有自交后代中高茎豌豆与矮茎豌豆的比为()A．3∶1B．5∶1 C．9∶6 D．1∶14. 现有①～④四个果蝇品系(都是纯种)，其中品系①的性状均为显性，品系②～④均只有一种性状是隐性，其他性状均为显性。
这四个品系的隐性性状及控制该隐性性状的基因所在的染色体如下表所示：若需验证自由组合定律，可选择下列哪种交配类型（） A．①×②B．②×④ C．②×③ D．①×④5．人类的红绿色盲基因位于X染色体上，母亲为携带者，父亲色盲，生下4个孩子，其中一个正常，2个为携带者，一个色盲，他们的性别是 ( ) A．三女一男或全是男孩B．全是男孩或全是女孩C．三女一男或两女两男D．三男一女或两男两女6．番茄的花色和叶的宽窄分别由两对等位基因控制，且两对基因中某一对基因纯合时会使受精卵致死。
现用红色窄叶植株自交，子代的表现型及其比例为红色窄叶∶红色宽叶∶白色窄叶∶白色宽叶＝6∶2∶3∶1。
下列有关表述正确的是 ( ) A．这两对基因位于一对同源染色体上B．这两对相对性状中显性性状分别是红色和宽叶C．控制花色的基因具有隐性纯合致死效应D．自交后代中纯合子所占比例为1/67. 果蝇中，正常翅(A)对短翅(a)为显性，此对等位基因位于常染色体上；红眼(B)对白眼(b)为显性，此对等位基因位于X染色体上。
湖南省“五市十校”2014届高三第一次联合检测(12月)物理试题 含解析
1、修建房屋时，常用如图所示的装置提运建筑材料，当人向右运动的过程中,建筑材料A 被缓缓提起,此过程中，设人对地面的压力为F N ,人受到地面的摩擦力F f ,人拉绳的力为F ，则下列说法中正确的是（）A 。
F N 、F f 和F 都增大B 。
F N 、F f 增大，F 不变C 。
F N 、F f 和F 都减小D 。
F N 增大，F f 减小，F 不变2、水平抛出的小球，t 秒末的速度方向与水平方向的夹角为θ1，t+t 0秒末速度方向与水平方向的夹角为θ2，忽略空气阻力,则小球初速度的大小为（）A 。
gt 0(cosθ1-cos θ2) B.210cos cos θθ-gt C.gt 0（tanθ1—tanθ2) D 。
021gt tan tan θθ-3、如图所示，A 、B 、C 、D 是真空中一正四面体的四个顶点。
现在在A、B两点分别固定电量为+q、—q的两个点电荷，则关于C、D 两点的场强和电势,下列说法正确的是(）A．C、D两点的场强、电势均相同B．C、D两点的场强、电势均不同C．C、D两点的场强相同，电势不同D．C、D两点的场强不同，电势相同4、如图甲所示,一轻杆一端固定在O点，另一端固定一小球,在竖直平面内做半径为R的圆周运动。
小球运动到最高点时,杆与小球间弹力大小为N，小球在最高点的速度大小为v,N－2v图像如乙图所示.下列说法正确的是（）A、当地的重力加速度大小为RbB、小球的质量为a RbC 、2v c =时，杆对小球弹力方向向上D 、若2c b =，则杆对小球弹力大小为2a【解析】5、如图所示，一只半球形碗倒扣在水平桌面上处于静止状态，球的半径为R .质量为m 的蚂蚁只有在离桌面高度大于或等于R 54时，才能停在碗上。
那么蚂蚁和碗面间的最大静摩擦力为（）A ．25mgB ．45mgC ． 35mgD ．34mg6、如图所示，质量为M=5kg的箱子B置于光滑水平面上，箱子底板上放一质量为m2=1kg的物体C，质量为m1=2kg的物体A经跨过定滑轮的轻绳与箱子B相连，在A加速下落的过程中,C与箱子B始终保持相对静止。
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湖南省五市十校2013-2014学年下学期高一年级期中教学质量联合检测考试生物试卷时量：70分钟满分：100分作答要求：1．考生领到试卷和答题卡后，请认真检查有无缺印、漏印、重印等问题，如有问题，请提出更换请求；2．请在试卷规定的位置填写规定的考生信息；3．所有答案必须全部填涂或填写在答题卡上，凡是答在试卷上的答案一律无效；4．严禁考生将试题卷、答题卡和草稿纸带出考室，违者作考试无效处理。
一、选择题（本大题共25个小题，每小题2分，共50分，单选）1．下列各组中不属于相对性状的是 ( ) A．水稻的早熟和高产 B．豌豆的紫花和红花C．小麦的抗病和易感染疾病 D．绵羊的粗毛和细毛2．有一批抗锈病(显性性状)小麦种子，要确定这些种子是否纯种，正确且简便的方法是A．与纯种抗锈病小麦进行杂交 B．与纯种易染锈病小麦进行测交C．与杂种抗锈病小麦进行杂交 D．自交3. 豌豆的高茎对矮茎是显性，现进行两株高茎豌豆间的杂交，后代既有高茎豌豆又有矮茎豌豆，若后代中的全部高茎豌豆进行自交，则所有自交后代中高茎豌豆与矮茎豌豆的比为 A．3∶1B．5∶1 C．9∶6 D．1∶14. 现有①～④四个果蝇品系(都是纯种)，其中品系①的性状均为显性，品系②～④均只有一种性状是隐性，其他性状均为显性。
这四个品系的隐性性状及控制该隐性性状的基因所在的染色体如下表所示：若需验证自由组合定律，可选择下列哪种交配类型（） A．①×②B．②×④ C．②×③ D．①×④5．人类的红绿色盲基因位于X染色体上，母亲为携带者，父亲色盲，生下4个孩子，其中一个正常，2个为携带者，一个色盲，他们的性别是 ( ) A．三女一男或全是男孩B．全是男孩或全是女孩C．三女一男或两女两男D．三男一女或两男两女6．番茄的花色和叶的宽窄分别由两对等位基因控制，且两对基因中某一对基因纯合时会使受精卵致死。
现用红色窄叶植株自交，子代的表现型及其比例为红色窄叶∶红色宽叶∶白色窄叶∶白色宽叶＝6∶2∶3∶1。
下列有关表述正确的是 ( ) A．这两对基因位于一对同源染色体上B．这两对相对性状中显性性状分别是红色和宽叶C．控制花色的基因具有隐性纯合致死效应D．自交后代中纯合子所占比例为1/67. 果蝇中，正常翅(A)对短翅(a)为显性，此对等位基因位于常染色体上；红眼(B)对白眼(b)为显性，此对等位基因位于X染色体上。
现有一只纯合红眼短翅的雌果蝇和一只纯合白眼正常翅的雄果蝇杂交，你认为杂交结果正确的是 ( ) A．F1代中无论雌雄都是红眼正常翅和红眼短翅B．F2雄果蝇的红眼基因来自F1中的母方C．F2雌果蝇中纯合子与杂合子的比例相等D．F2雌果蝇中正常翅个体与短翅个体的数目相等8．控制植物果实重量的三对等位基因E/e、F/f和H/h，对果实重量的作用相等，分别位于三对非同源染色体上。
已知基因型为eeffhh的果实重120克，然后每增加一个显性基因就使果实增重15克。
现在果树甲和乙杂交，甲的基因型为EEffhh，F1的果实重165克。
则乙的基因型最可能是 ( ) A．eeFFHH B．Eeffhh C． eeFFhh D．eeffhh9. 鸡的性别决定方式属于ZW型，母鸡的性染色体组成是ZW，公鸡是ZZ。
现有一只纯种雌性芦花鸡与一只纯种雄性非芦花鸡交配多次，F1中雄鸡均为芦花形，雌鸡均为非芦花形。
据此推测错误的是( )A．控制芦花和非芦花性状的基因在Z染色体上，而不可能在W染色体上B．雄鸡中芦花鸡所占的比例比雌鸡中的相应比例大C．让F1中的雌雄鸡自由交配，产生的F2中雄鸡表现型有一种，雌鸡有两种D．让F2中的雌雄芦花鸡交配，产生的F3中芦花鸡占3/410. 某家系中有甲、乙两种单基因遗传病(如下图)，其中一种是伴性遗传病。
相关分析不正确的是 ( )A．甲病是常染色体显性遗传病、乙病是伴X染色体隐性遗传病B．Ⅱ3的致病基因均来自Ⅰ2C．Ⅱ2有一种基因型，Ⅲ8基因型有四种可能D．若Ⅲ4与Ⅲ5结婚，生育一个患两种病孩子的概率是51211. 家兔体细胞中有22对染色体，在减数第二次分裂的后期，染色体的数目和形态是①22条②44条③88条④每条染色体中含有两条姐妹染色单体⑤每条染色体中都不含有姐妹染色单体A．②和⑤ B．③和⑤ C．②和④ D．①和④12．细胞分裂过程中，A和a、B和b是两对同源染色体，由同一个精原细胞经减数分裂形成的4个精细胞是( )A．AB、aB、Ab、ab B．AB、aB、Ab、Bb C．Ab、Ab、aB、aB D．AB、AB、Aa、Bb 13．某同学总结了四点有关减数分裂、染色体、DNA的知识，其中不．正确的是( ) A．次级精母细胞中的核DNA分子正好和正常体细胞的核DNA分子数目相同B．减数第二次分裂后期，细胞中染色体的数目等于正常体细胞中的染色体数目C．初级精母细胞中染色体的数目正好和DNA分子数目相同D．任何一种哺乳动物的细胞中染色体的数目和着丝点的数目相同14. 下图中，甲图为某哺乳动物体细胞中部分染色体及其上的基因示意图，乙、丙、丁图为该动物处于不同分裂时期的染色体示意图。
下列叙述正确的是( )A．判断该动物是否为纯合子应选用另一雌性动物与其测交B．乙细胞和丙细胞分裂时均可以发生同源染色体分离，非同源染色体自由组合C．孟德尔遗传定律发生在丙细胞时期中D．丁产生的子细胞中的基因组成是aB和aB15.如图是科学家对果蝇一条染色体上的基因测定结果，下列有关该图说法正确的是( )A．控制朱红眼与深红眼的基因是等位基因B．控制白眼和朱红眼的基因在遗传时遵循着基因的分离定律C．在后代中能表现出该染色体上所有基因控制的性状D．基因在染色体上线性排列16. 如图为某生物一个细胞的分裂图像，着丝点均在染色体端部,图中1、2、3、4各表示一条染色体。
下列表述正确的是 ( )A. 图中细胞处于减数第二次分裂前期B. 图中细胞的染色体数是体细胞的2倍C. 染色体1与2在后续的分裂过程中会相互分离D. 染色体1与3必定会出现在同一子细胞中17. 在探索遗传物质的过程中，赫尔希和蔡斯做了T2噬菌体侵染细菌的实验。
下列有关叙述正确的是 ( )A．用32P标记T2噬菌体的蛋白质，用35S标记T2噬菌体的DNAB．分别用含有32P的T2噬菌体和含有35S 的T2噬菌体进行侵染实验C．用含有充足有机物的完全培养基培养T2噬菌体D．该实验证明了DNA是主要的遗传物质18. 图甲是肺炎双球菌的体内转化实验，图乙是噬菌体侵染细菌的实验。
关于这两个实验的分析正确的是( )A．甲图中将R型活菌和S型死菌的混合物注射到小鼠体内，R型细菌向S型细菌发生了转化，转化因子为DNA。
B．乙图中搅拌的目的是提供给大肠杆菌更多的氧气，离心的目的是促进大肠杆菌和噬菌体分离C．用32P、35S标记的噬菌体，分别侵染未被标记的细菌，离心后放射性分别主要在上清液、沉淀物中D．若用无放射性标记的噬菌体，侵染体内含35S标记的细菌，离心后放射性主要分布在上清液中19. 下列各项中，能正确表示DNA分子中脱氧核苷酸对的是 ( )20. 在一个双链DNA分子中，碱基总数为m，腺嘌呤数为n，下列有关结构数目正确的是①脱氧核苷酸数＝磷酸数＝碱基总数＝ｍ②碱基之间的氢键数为（3m－2n）/2③一条链中A＋T的数量为ｎ④G的数量为m－nA．①②③④ B．②③④ C．③④ D．①②③21. 细菌在15N培养基中繁殖数代后，使细菌DNA的含氮碱基皆含有15N，然后再移入14N培养基中培养，抽取亲代及子代的DNA经高速离心分离，①～⑤为可能的结果，下列不可能出现的是 ( )A．① B．② C．③ D．④22. 如果将含有一对同源染色体的精原细胞的两个DNA分子都用15N标记，并只供给精原细胞含14N的原料，则该细胞进行减数分裂产生的四个精子中，含15N、14N标记的DNA分子的精子所占比例依次为（）A.100%、0B.50%、50%C.50%、100%D.100%、100%23. 关于蛋白质生物合成的叙述，正确的是 ( )A. 一种tRNA可以携带多种氨基酸B. DNA聚合酶是在细胞核内合成的C. 反密码子是位于mRNA上相邻的3个碱基D. 线粒体中的DNA能控制某些蛋白质的合成24. 关于图所示的生理过程的说法，正确的是 ( )A．该图所示的生物细胞有真正的细胞核B．mRNA上所含有的密码子均能在tRNA上找到相对应的反密码子C．该图表示的是转录和翻译D．该图表示的生理过程所需要的能量都由线粒体提供25. 下列关于人类探索遗传奥秘历程中的科学实验方法及技术的叙述，错误的是( )A．孟德尔在研究豌豆杂交实验时，运用了假说—演绎法B．萨顿根据基因和染色体的行为存在平行关系，类比推理出基因位于染色体上C．赫尔希和蔡斯利用肺炎双球菌研究遗传物质时，运用了放射性同位素标记法D．沃森和克里克研究DNA分子结构时，运用了建构物理模型的方法。
二．非选择题（共50分，每空2分）26．（共12分，每空2分）小麦的毛颖和光颖是一对相对性状(显、隐性分别由A、a基因控制)，抗锈和感锈是另一对相对性状(显、隐性分别由R、r基因控制)，控制这两对相对性状的基因均独立遗传。
以纯种毛颖感锈植株(甲)和纯种光颖抗锈植株(乙)为亲本进行杂交，F1均为毛颖抗锈(丙)。
再用F1与丁进行杂交，F2有四种表现型，对每对相对性状的植株数目比例作出的统计结果如图：(1) 丙的基因型是，丁的基因型是________。
(2) F1形成的配子种类是________。
产生这几种配子的原因是F1在形成配子的过程中________________________________________________________________________。
(3) F2中表现型不同于双亲(甲和乙)的个体占全部F2的________。
(4)写出F2中抗锈病的基因型及比例________。
(只考虑抗锈和感锈一对相对性状)27. （共12分，每空2分）现有两个纯合果蝇品系：品系A和品系B。
两个品系都是猩红眼，这是一种与野生型深红眼明显不同的表现型。
品系A猩红眼基因与品系B猩红眼基因位于果蝇的非同源染色体上，这两个不同基因对眼色素具有类似的效应。
实验1：品系A雄性与品系B雌性杂交产生的F1中有200个野生型雄蝇和198个野生型雌蝇。
实验2：品系B雄性与品系A雌性杂交产生的F1中有197个猩红眼雄蝇和201个野生型雌蝇。
根据以上实验结果回答下列问题：(1)品系A 猩红眼基因对野生型等位基因为________性，位于________染色体上。