KAIZEN STORY
浙江省慈溪市2023-2024学年七年级上学期期末质量检测英语试题
慈溪市2023学年第一学期期末测试七年级英语学科试卷温馨提示：1.本试卷满分120分，考试时间100分钟；2.全卷分为试题卷和答题卷，考生须按要求在答题卷规定区域内作答。
试题卷I一．听力（共三节：满分30分）第一节：听小对话，回答问题。
（共5小题：每小题2分，满分10分）1. What is the girl's name?A. Cindy.B. Mary.C. Gina.2. Who are in the girl's photo?A. Her parents.B. Her grandparents.C. Her brother and sister.3. Whose is the basketball?A. It's Tom's.B. It's Jane's.C. It's Sarah's.4. Where is Paul's computer game?A. In the bookcase.B. On the table.C. Under the desk.5. What does David think of math?A. It's relaxing.B. It's interesting.C. It's boring.第二节：听长对话，回答问题。
（共5小题：每小题2分，满分10分）听下面一段较长对话，回答第6、7题。
6. What is Jim's favorite subject?A. History.B. Science.C. Music.7. Who is Grace's science teacher?A. Mr. Black.B. Mr. Brown.C. Mrs. Green听下面一段较长对话，回答第8至10题。
8. What are Bob and Mary talking about?A. A photo.B. A telephone.C. A notebook.9. Who is Anna?A. Bob's cousin.B. Bob's aunt.C. Bob's sister.10. What is Helen's telephone number?A.312-5867.B.132-8675.C.213-8576第三节：听独白，回答问题。
Kaizen12步法培训材料
► 3 了解过程和设备 Understand the process and equipment
► 4 掌握实际情况 Grasp the actual situation
► 5 建立目标 Establish objectives ► 6 制定计划 Make a plan ► 7 分析原因 Cause analysis ► 8 提出对策 Propose countermeasures
○○: 影响范围…从产品，工序，设备及劳动力中找到问题
○○: scope or reach…. Name of product, process, equipment or labour in which you found the problem
•针对最大的损失开始工作
• Start working on the biggest loss.
► 11 标准化 Standardization
► 12 未来计划 Future plans
3
改善故事法12步
KAIZEN Story12 Steps
12. 未来计划 维持,收益,产出,准备计划摘 要，MP等 Future Plans Sustain, Benefits, Roll Out, Prepare Project Summary, MP, etc.
即“在整个过程中对缺陷率的降低”
i.e. “Reduction of the defect rate in the filling process”
DD:什么…我们想要攻克的损失（故障，短时停机，质量缺陷等）
DD: What….The loss that we want to attack (No. Of breakdowns, minor stoppages, quality defects, etc.)
IE常用专业术语
工业工程常用术语1、允收质量水准：AQL (Acceptable Quality Level)允收品质水准是顾客与供应商之间的交易运作模式。
容许供应商在协议允收的条件下，交付某一限定比率的不良品。
2、问五次为什么：Ask why five times一个发掘问题真正原因的常识原则。
3、查核现场：Check Gembutsu当欲探寻问题的根源时，对现场实地有形的物体加以调查。
4、符合性：Conformance有以表示产品或服务，能达到相关规格，合约或规则，所要求的一个确定指示和评定。
5、管制图：Control Chart为一个具有上下管制界线的图。
在其图上，会绘有一系列的样本或样本组统计量的测定值。
此图通常绘有一条中心线，用以侦测所绘之测定值，有否趋向之一条管制线。
6、成本：Cost在QCD 的范畴，成本通常是指成本管理。
而成本管理涉及到对各种资源的适度管理，以及消除所有类别的浪费，在此种方式下，会降低总成本。
7、跨部门（功能）管理：Cross Function-Management为达成QCD,而进行的跨越部门的活动。
8、周期时间：Cycle Time作业员完成加工一个产品所需要的实际耗用时间（产距时间takt time ）。
9、交期：Delivery在QCD 范畴内，指交货的数量和时间，皆要符合顾客要求。
10、不接受，不制造，不流出：Don ’t get it ,Don’t make it ,Don’t send it在现场里提出的一个常识性口号。
在任何一个QCD 计划中，应将品质最优的概念予以实践出来。
理应：不要从上制程接受不良品，不要在自己的制程制造不良品，以及一旦有不良品制造出来，不要流入下制程。
11、失效树分析：FAT (Failure Tree Analysis )借着确定因果关系，以及利用树关图，来认定问题的机率。
失效树分析是用来分析及事先避免任何安全性和可靠度上的问题。
12、流线生产：Flow Production及时制生产模式的支柱之一，在流线生产中，机器是按照加工顺序排列。
现场名词解释060207解析
• 标准作业---Standardized work
人员、机器和材料的最佳组合状况。其三要素是：产 距时间(takt time,生产一个产品的标准时间) 、作业顺序和标准 制品数量。
• 标准---Standards
• 全员生产保全
---TPM(Total productive maintenance)
意图在机器的整个寿命期内，获取设备最大效率的 发挥。
基本要件：保全体系之发展、基本的厂房环境维持 教育、问题解决技巧和零故障及现场零意外的活动。
由工作人员所做的自主保全,是TPM的重要支柱之一。 5S则为TPM的第一步骤。
• 目视管理
---Visual Management
以清晰可见的方式，提供信息及现物给工作者和 管理者，以使大家对作业现况和改善目标皆能一目了然， 也让大家能及时确认异常状况。
• 7种浪费
A 制造过程的浪费（设计、段取、加工过程）； B 库存及在制品的浪费； C 多余动作的浪费； D 多余搬运的浪费； E 制造过剩的浪费； F 停工待料的浪费（材料供不上、设备能力不匹配）； G 不良造成的选别、修理的浪费。
现场名词解释
• 问5次为什么---Ask why five times
为什么？为什么？为什么？为什么？为什么？是一个发掘 问题真正原因的常识原则。
• 成本---Cost
通常指成本管理，而非削减成本。成本管理涉及到对 各种资源的适度管理，以及消除所有类别的Muda(浪费)。
• 循环时间---Cycle time
良品管理。
方法(Method) 修正标准作业、配置自主校验 测量(Measurement)
【英语】阅读理解(人生百味)选择题1
【英语】阅读理解（人生百味）选择题1一、九年级中考英语阅读理解（人生百味）（含答案详细解析）1．根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。
As December comes to an end, you think about the new year and all the ways you want to improve your life. But as you start to write down your hopes for the new year, you think about the last year. You excitedly write down all the changes you are going to make, but by the end of January those ideas get lost in your busy life.Here's a suggestion: Forget the too big, hard to achieve goals and just think about the small ones. “We often t hink that we have to do everything in big steps, even though it's so hard for us to reach it, said Robert Maurer, who recently wrote the book One Small Step Can Change Your Life. “What we try to do is to begin with such a small step that we can't find any excuse not to do it.”“Kaizen”, a Japanese word, is used to mean to change behavior and attitudes. During World WarⅡ, American factory managers were able to increase productivity by trying small, continuous improvements instead of sudden changes. After the war, the idea was brought to a rebuilding Japan. It made Japan develop fast. The Japanese called it “Kaizen”, which means “improvement”. Maurer studied the idea and did some experiments with it. “Kaizen” could possibly help people succeed in doing everything.（1）Robert Maurer wrote a book to tell us ______.A. we should do everything in big stepsB. how to change one's life with one small stepC. we should try a lot of sudden changesD. how to find a small step without any excuse （2）The underlined part “increase productivity” in the passage means “______”.A. 提高生产率B. 增加成本C. 增加出口量D. 提高待遇（3）The writer of the passage suggests we should ______.A. make changes at the end of the yearB. do few experiments with “Kaizen”C. do things with hard to achieve goalsD. take a tiny step to achieve big goals（4）Which of the following is TRUE from the passage?A. You can achieve your goals if you are not too busy.B. Robert Maurer studied “kaizen” and found it helpful.C. You can't find any excuse not to reach a big goal.D. “Kaizen” was brought to Japan during World WarⅡ.【答案】（1）B（2）A（3）D（4）B【解析】【分析】本文主要讲述了应忘记太大的、难以实现的目标，只想想小的目标，一步步地去实现它。
现场管理
管理方法---问题意识
是指“应有状态” 是指“应有状态”与“实际状态”的差异。 实际状态”的差异。
应该变成如何 应有状态
做什么
实际变成如何
实际状态
应该如此” 应有状态并非是理想状态而是 “应该如此”，是作 某种工作的结果所能预测的状态， 为 某种工作的结果所能预测的状态，与实际状态有 差异时，就认为就是---问题 问题。 差异时，就认为就是 问题。
现场朋友
先 去 现 场 --现场是所有信息的来源
现场常用分析工具 --- 5W1H 现场常有问题意识 --- 存在三不（不经济、 存在三不（不经济、 不合理、不均衡） 不合理、不均衡） 现场制造过程受控 --- 4M1E 现场要实现的目标 --- QCDSPM
现场管理工具 作业标准化 目视管理化 看板管理化
●
资源：属于生产投入的范畴，如人、机、 资源：属于生产投入的范畴，如人、 料等。 料等。
●
技术：代表了生产能力，如产品工艺、 技术：代表了生产能力，如产品工艺、技 术规范、操作方法。 术规范、操作方法。
●
标准：衡量企业生产的基准，如制造准、 标准：衡量企业生产的基准，如制造准、 检验标准、产品标准等。 检验标准、产品标准等。
设 物 流 采 购
工 程 技 术
制
品
计
造
管
销 售 出 货
大现场
现场---特点
走进现场 ● 3M（三忙 三忙）现象 现象： 三忙 现象：
忙乱 ！盲目！迷茫！
●
现场的特点: 现场的特点 占用地方大 人员多 事务多、 事务多、杂！
现场管理三要素
现场管理三要素（资源、技术、标准）决定 三要素（资源、技术、标准） 三要素 了整个企业的兴衰。 了整个企业的兴衰。
持续改善-立即改善,彻底改善,持续改善
持续改善：“改善文化”从改善“意识形态”开始5月4日，在杭州士兰集成电路公司举办了两场“士兰改善故事”Kaizen Story小话剧演出活动，获得非常好的反响，作为士兰精益六西格玛倡导者，祝贺并感谢共同的投入，借着这样一种创新的改善案例“自为自编自导自演”演绎方式，谈一点精益改善文化建立与推行的感受。
丰田汽车总裁丰田章男的前一任丰田总裁张富士夫曾经简单而准确地阐述持续改善背后的原则：“丰田生产方式的灵魂是持续改善原则……其精髓是工程师、管理人员和流水线工人持续合作使生产任务系统化，及时发现并解决问题使工作变得更加平稳。
”客观的说，在中国多数传统企业，倘若老板没有生产运营的实际工作经历，是很难真正了解现场车间的实际情况的，即便到了现场也没法判断真相，更不必说，现在的运营管理者总是想方设法“误导”老板的所见所闻——每一次高层参观或者Line Tour，都会事先精心的准备，也就意味着已经失去了日常实际的工作状态。
因此，很容易导致了高层的意识与决策，也难以看见现场与目标之间的差异。
何谓“精益士兰”、何谓“改善文化”、“如何实现”、“如何改变”、“我们改变什么”、“系统和行为同步转化”、“PSG项目管理与DMAIC如何结合”等等，从而形成企业竞争优势的“精益士兰”运营系统SPS，成为世界级供应商，因为这就是我们的战略目标。
反观丰田文化，他们的逻辑起点是根植于一种朴实的“农民文化”。
我在《精益之丰田文化和农民文化》一文中写到：丰田的起源员工正是一批农民。
国际知名丰田专家、美国密西根大学杰弗瑞·莱克教授（Jeffrey K.Liker）在2009年前后给出了一个“雷人”的结论——丰田汽车是个农民，通用汽车是个商人。
他认为，在丰田成功模式的核心内容中，有相当大的部分是源于丰田管理层朴实的农民价值观和优秀农民的文化基因，正是丰田对农民优良传统的继承和创新发挥，使得丰田在经历多次危机之后一路成为世界瞩目的卓越企业。
2020年中考英语复习【语篇类题】模拟检测卷8附答案解析
四、阅读理解(40分)
A)请阅读下面短文，根据短文内容从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Diagram(1):Hours for people of different ages who surfthe Internet in a week.
Diagram(2):Different days people go to the library. (library attendance)
1. People aged______spend the mosttime surfing the Internet every week.
When she wasseventeen, she said that she wanted to goto Paris to study art. At thattimepeople thought that only mencould become painters. It was not considered proper work for awoman. Her father refused to lether study art. Finally hesaidshe could study itif she went to a school near their home. Sheattended the Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts.
In my opinion, eating healthy food is very good for our body.We should have different kinds of food such as fruits and vegetables in order to keep our body in balance.We shouldn’t diet. If we diet, we don’t16enough calories, and then we will feel tired.Too muchchocolate, ice-cream and fast food may make us fat or even sick.So we must be17about what we eat and how much we eat.We also need to drink a large amount of water, 6 to 8 glasseseveryday.Drinking enough water will improve our skin and18us healthy hair. Therefore, we should pay19attention to healthy food.
TPM个别改善
什么时候完成 你的目标是什么
持续改善
小组活动
Step 2-1 暴露并消除非正常状况
经验表明大多数损失起源于设备的恶化 在你所选主题区域内的部分在进行综合的 分析之前应进行修复并保持一个基本的状 况。 所以，应该为你的区域建立并保持清理、 润滑、点检的标准
这与自主维护相关联
个别改善 修复 & 创新
什么状况？
未来状况
创新: ex) 速度提升
“象新的” 状况 修复: ex) 没有故障
现在状况
绩效
1500 CC 普通车
个别改善
& 自主维护 ~ 3000 CC 快车 个别改善 能力提升
原先的 “象新的” 状况 状况恶化
自主维护 修复到 “象新的” 状 况 并保持“象新的
”状况
•通过坚决地消除损失和提高绩效来使设备、工序和车间的综 合效率达到最大化。 •提升员工的持续改善和团队合作的能力。
>损失
•故障，设置和切换，小停车，速度损失，开停机，质量缺陷 ，返工等等。
•或- “任何消耗资源但不创造任何价值的人类活动。”
知道你的损失在哪里-数据，数据，数据！
个别改善
个别改善 自主维护
主题没有包含方向和措施， 没有涉及工艺或生产, ( 0 )
理解现状使用了历史数据，
如前12个月的
(3)
没有研究来建立基本状况 (0)
在活动板上展示了修复前后的图片 (2)
没有做根源分析 (0)
进行了分析但没有提出解决方案 (1)
主题包含方向和措施， 涉及工艺或生产, (2) 有措施来明确你知道你的目标 是实际的且是有挑战性的
柱
持续不断的小组改善活动（工具和方法）
ancient story英语作文
ancient story英语作文An Ancient StoryIn ancient times, there was a small village on the edge of a vast forest. The villagers lived a peaceful and simple life, farming the land and trading with neighboring villages. One day, a strange and powerful being appeared in the forest, causing great disruption and fear among the people.This being was a powerful spirit with immense power and a malevolent nature. It began to terrorize the villagers, destroying their crops and livestock, and even attacking some of the people. The villagers were helpless against this powerful being and turned to the village elder for guidance.The elder, a wise and experienced man, knew that they could not defeat the spirit by force. He advised the villagers to seek the help of a powerful sorcerer who lived in a distant land. The sorcerer was known for his knowledge and power, and the elder believed that he might be able to help them.So, a group of brave villagers set out on a journey to find the sorcerer. After many days of travel, they finally reached his home. The sorcerer listened to their story and agreed to help them. He gave them a powerful charm and instructed them on how to use it to defeat the spirit.The villagers returned to their village and prepared for the battle. When the spirit returned to the forest, they used the charm to attack it. The charm had a powerful effect on the spirit, weakening it and making it vulnerable. The villagers then attacked the spirit with all their might, and after a fierce battle, they were finally able to defeat it.With the spirit defeated, the villagers were able to return to their peaceful and simple lives. They were grateful to the sorcerer for hishelp and vowed to always remember his kindness. And from that day on, the story of the brave villagers and the powerful sorcerer was passed down from generation to generation, as a reminder of the power of courage, wisdom, and friendship.。
新视野大学英语第五册单词(注释+例句)~
Unit 1 新视野大学英语第五册第一课A Technological Revolution in Education 课文生词讲解( new words study) prevalenta. (fml.)existing commonly, generally, or widely (in some place or at some time ); predominant(正式)（在某地或某时）流行的，盛行的；普遍的The habit of traveling by aircraft is becoming more prevalent each year.坐飞机旅行一年比一年普遍了。
One simple injection can help to protect you right through the cold months when flu is most prevalent.只要打上一针预防针就能帮助你度过流感盛行的寒冷月份。
continuityn. [U]uninterrupted connection or union (through time or space)连续性，连贯性There is no continuity of subject in a dictionary.词典的主题没有连续性。
This paper lacks continuity.这篇论文缺乏连贯性。
inherenta. existing as an essential constituent or characteristic; intrinsic固有的，内在的，天生的The communication skills that belong to each species of animal, including people, are not inherent.包括人在内的动物所具有的交际技能并不是天生的。
Kaizen 步法培训材料
→ How exactly do you want to improve?
减少棘手任务的数量？
Reduce the number of tasks involved?
提高生产力？
Improve the productivity?
修正和改善人类工程学
Revise and improve ergonomics?
即“在整个过程中对缺陷率的降低”
i.e. “Reduction of the defect rate in the filling process”
DD:什么…我们想要攻克的损失（故障，短时停机，质量缺陷等）
DD: What….The loss that we want to attack (No. Of breakdowns, minor stoppages, quality defects, etc.)
► 11 标准化 Standardization
► 12 未来计划 Future plans
3
改善故事法12步
KAIZEN Story12 Steps
12. 未来计划 维持,收益,产出,准备计划摘 要，MP等 Future Plans Sustain, Benefits, Roll Out, Prepare Project Summary, MP, etc.
(2) 建立基准 Establish Bench Mark (initial reference point) • 原因→如果你不知道在改进之前的最初水平，你将无法衡量的改进后应用对策。
Cause→ If you do not know the level where you originally were before making the improvement, you will not be able to measure the improvement after applying the countermeasures.
逢坂大河英语写法
逢坂大河英语写法Onodera Oogawa is a captivating figure whose life story has captured the imagination of many. Born into a family with a rich cultural heritage, Onodera's journey has been one of resilience, determination, and a unwavering pursuit of personal growth.From a young age, Onodera demonstrated a keen intellect and a thirst for knowledge that set them apart from their peers. Encouraged by their supportive family, Onodera immersed themselves in a wide range of academic disciplines, excelling in subjects such as literature, history, and philosophy. This insatiable curiosity would later shape the course of their life, leading them down a path of self-discovery and a deep appreciation for the complexities of the human experience.As Onodera came of age, they found themselves drawn to the world of creative expression. Inspired by the works of literary giants and the timeless wisdom of ancient philosophers, Onodera began to hone their own writing skills, crafting poetic verses and insightful essays that captivated all who encountered them. This passion forthe written word would become a defining aspect of their identity, a means through which they could share their unique perspective on the human condition.Onodera's intellectual prowess and artistic talents did not go unnoticed, and they soon found themselves at the forefront of a burgeoning literary movement. Their works were praised for their depth of insight, their lyrical beauty, and their ability to challenge the status quo. Onodera's name became synonymous with a new generation of thinkers and creatives who were redefining the boundaries of what was possible in the realm of written expression.But Onodera's journey was not without its challenges. As they navigated the complexities of the literary world, they also grappled with the personal demons that lurked within. Onodera's introspective nature and their deep sensitivity to the world around them often led them to confront the darker aspects of the human experience – the pain, the sorrow, and the existential questions that plague the human condition.Yet, it was precisely these struggles that fueled Onodera's creative fire, inspiring them to delve deeper into the human psyche and to explore the universal truths that bind us all together. Their writing became a conduit for their own personal growth, a means of processing the complexities of life and finding solace in the power oflanguage.As Onodera's reputation grew, so too did their influence. They became a beacon of inspiration for aspiring writers and thinkers, their words resonating with audiences across the globe. Their works were translated into multiple languages, and their name became synonymous with a new era of literary excellence.But Onodera's impact extended far beyond the realm of writing. They were also a passionate advocate for social justice, using their platform to shed light on the struggles of marginalized communities and to champion the causes of equality and human rights. Their unwavering commitment to these principles earned them the respect and admiration of countless individuals who saw in Onodera a kindred spirit – a visionary who was not afraid to challenge the status quo and to fight for a more just and equitable world.Throughout their life, Onodera continued to push the boundaries of what was possible, constantly reinventing themselves and exploring new avenues of creative expression. Whether they were penning a poetic masterpiece or delivering a rousing speech, Onodera's words always carried a profound weight, a sense of purpose that transcended the confines of the page or the stage.And as the years passed, Onodera's legacy only grew stronger. Theirworks were studied in classrooms around the world, inspiring new generations of thinkers and writers to follow in their footsteps. Their name became synonymous with a new era of literary excellence, a testament to the power of the written word to transform lives and to shape the course of human history.Today, Onodera Oogawa's legacy lives on, a shining example of what can be achieved through a relentless pursuit of knowledge, a deep commitment to social justice, and an unwavering belief in the transformative power of the written word. Their story is one of inspiration, of resilience, and of the enduring human spirit – a testament to the remarkable potential that lies within each and every one of us.。
01-KaizenTraining精益改善培训
Corporate Manufacturing & Engineering
“The Main Thing” in Manufacturing
Quality Cost Delivery Safety
20
Corporate Manufacturing & Engineering
Competitive Pressures - Pricing
12
Corporate Manufacturing & Engineering
KAIZEN
Successful Kaizen
13
Corporate Manufacturing & Engineering
What Are the Targets of Kaizen?
100% Customer Service 40-60% Reduction in Defects 20-30% Productivity Gains per Year 40-50% Increase in Inventory Turns 50-70% Reduction in Cn Floor Space 5-15% Reduction in Material Cost
Kaizen
8
Corporate Manufacturing & Engineering
KAIZEN
What is Kaizen?
9
Corporate Manufacturing & Engineering
What Is Kaizen?
Kaizen is a Japanese word that means to “change for the good.”
故事开始了怎么说英语作文
故事开始了怎么说英语作文Introduction:Starting an English essay with a captivating story is a great way to hook your reader from the very beginning. It not only grabs attention but also sets the tone for the rest of the composition. Here are some strategies and examples to help you craft an opening that will make your readers want to continue to the end.1. Use a Strong Opening Sentence:Begin with a sentence that is powerful and sets the stage for your story. It could be a question, a fact, or a bold statement.Example: "Have you ever wondered what it would be like to walk on the moon?"2. Start with a Vivid Description:Paint a picture with your words to immediately immerse the reader in the setting of your story.Example: "The sun was just a sliver on the horizon, casting a warm glow over the tranquil village."3. Begin with Dialogue:Dialogue can be an effective way to start a story, as it can reveal character and conflict right from the start.Example: "‘Are you sure about this?’ she asked, her voice trembling with a mix of excitement and fear."4. Use a Personal Anecdote:Sharing a personal experience can create an instant connection with the reader.Example: "I still remember the first time I saw the ocean;its vastness was both terrifying and exhilarating."5. Start with a Quote or Proverb:A relevant quote can add depth and intrigue to your opening.Example: "As the old proverb goes, 'A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step,' and so began my adventure."6. Introduce a Problem or Conflict:Diving straight into a problem can pique the reader's curiosity about how it will be resolved.Example: "The moment the letter arrived, I knew our peaceful life was about to be turned upside down."7. Use a Metaphor or Simile:These figures of speech can add a layer of sophistication to your opening.Example: "Life is like a rollercoaster, full of unexpected twists and turns, and my story is no exception."8. Begin with a Surprise or Unexpected Event:An unexpected event can create suspense and make the reader eager to find out what happens next.Example: "Little did I know that the seemingly ordinary day would lead to the most extraordinary experience of my life."Conclusion:The way you start your English composition can significantly impact the reader's engagement. By using one of these strategies, you can craft an opening that is not only interesting but also sets the stage for the rest of your essay. Remember, the goal is to draw the reader in and keep them invested in your story. Happy writing!。
故事开始了英语作文
故事开始了英语作文Once upon a time, in a quaint little village nestled between rolling hills and a sparkling river, there lived a young boy named Oliver. He had a heart full of dreams and a mind brimming with curiosity. Every day, Oliver would wander through the meadows, his eyes wide with wonder as he observed the world around him.One sunny morning, as Oliver was skipping stones across the river, he stumbled upon a peculiar object half-buried in the mud. It was a dusty old book with a leather cover, its pages yellowed with age. Intrigued, Oliver brushed off the dirt and opened it to find a map filled with cryptic symbols and atrail leading to a mysterious treasure.With a sense of adventure welling up inside him, Oliver decided to embark on a quest to uncover the secrets hidden within the map. He gathered his most trusted friends: a brave girl named Lily, who was as swift as the wind; a clever boy named Max, who had a knack for solving puzzles; and a wise old owl named Whiskers, who had seen many a sunrise and sunset.Together, they set out on a journey that would take them through dense forests, across treacherous mountains, and into the heart of the village where the elders whispered of ancient legends. Along the way, they encountered challenges that tested their courage, their wits, and their friendship.As they followed the map's clues, they discovered that the treasure was not gold or jewels, but something far more valuable: the knowledge of their village's history, the wisdom of their ancestors, and the understanding that the true treasure was the bond they had formed and the memories they were creating.The story of Oliver and his friends is one of courage, friendship, and the magic of discovery. It is a tale that reminds us that sometimes the greatest adventures are not about finding what we seek, but about the journey itself and the lessons we learn along the way.And so, the story began, a tale of adventure that would be passed down through generations, inspiring others to embark on their own journeys, to seek out their own treasures, and to cherish the friendships that make life's journey worthwhile.。
以前介绍开封的英语作文
以前介绍开封的英语作文Here is an essay about Kaifeng, written in English with more than 1000 words, without a title and any extra punctuation marks.Kaifeng is a city with a rich history and cultural heritage that dates back thousands of years. Located in the heart of China's Henan province, this ancient city has long been a hub of commerce, scholarship, and artistic expression. From its beginnings as a small settlement along the Yellow River to its eventual rise as the capital of several Chinese dynasties, Kaifeng's story is one of resilience, innovation, and enduring cultural significance.One of the most notable aspects of Kaifeng's history is its role as the capital of the Song dynasty from 960 to 1127 CE. During this period, the city flourished as a center of trade, technology, and intellectual pursuit. The Song dynasty was known for its advancements in areas such as agriculture, engineering, and the arts, and Kaifeng was at the forefront of these developments. The city's bustling markets, grand imperial palaces, and thriving cultural institutions attracted scholars, artisans, and merchants from all over China and beyond.The architectural legacy of Kaifeng's Song dynasty heyday isparticularly impressive. The city's layout was designed with meticulous attention to detail, with wide avenues, intricate drainage systems, and impressive public buildings. The most iconic structure from this era is the Kaifeng City Wall, a massive fortification that once encircled the entire city. Though much of the wall has been destroyed over the centuries, several well-preserved sections remain, offering visitors a glimpse into the city's storied past.Another fascinating aspect of Kaifeng's history is its diverse religious and cultural traditions. The city has long been home to a thriving Jewish community, with the first Jewish settlers arriving in the 8th century CE. The Kaifeng Jews, as they are known, established a vibrant community that included several synagogues, a rich tradition of scholarship, and a unique blend of Chinese and Jewish cultural practices. Though the community has dwindled in size over the centuries, the legacy of the Kaifeng Jews remains an important part of the city's cultural tapestry.Kaifeng is also renowned for its rich tradition of folk arts and crafts. The city is particularly famous for its stunning embroidery, which features intricate designs and vibrant colors. Kaifeng's embroiderers have long been celebrated for their skill and artistry, and their work is highly sought after by collectors and connoisseurs around the world. The city is also known for its exquisite jade carvings, delicate porcelain, and intricate paper-cutting, all of which reflect the deepartistic heritage of the region.In addition to its cultural and historical significance, Kaifeng is also a city of natural beauty. The city is situated along the banks of the Yellow River, one of China's most iconic waterways, and is surrounded by lush hills and fertile farmland. The city's parks and gardens are particularly noteworthy, with the Millennium City Park being a particular highlight. This sprawling green space features serene lakes, ornate pavilions, and beautifully landscaped gardens that offer a peaceful respite from the bustle of the city.Despite the many challenges it has faced over the centuries, including natural disasters, political upheaval, and periods of economic decline, Kaifeng has remained a resilient and vibrant city. Today, the city is undergoing a cultural renaissance, with a renewed focus on preserving its rich heritage and promoting its unique cultural assets to the world. Visitors to Kaifeng can explore its historic sites, immerse themselves in its rich cultural traditions, and experience the warm hospitality of its people.In conclusion, Kaifeng is a city that embodies the rich tapestry of China's history and culture. From its role as a capital of the Song dynasty to its diverse religious and artistic traditions, Kaifeng has long been a hub of innovation, scholarship, and cultural exchange. Whether you are interested in history, art, or simply experiencing thebeauty and charm of a traditional Chinese city, Kaifeng is a destination that is well worth exploring.。
品质术语解说
術語解說1.允收品質水準------(AQL)Acceptable Quality Level允收品質水準是顧客與供應商之間的交易運作模式.容許供應商在協議的條件下,交付某一限定比率的不良品.2.問五次為甚麼------Ask Why Five Times一個發掘問題真正原因的常識原則.3.查核現物------Check Gambits當欲探詢出問題根源時,在現場實施地對有形的物體加以調查.4.符合性------Conformance用以表示產品或服務能達到相關規格,合約或規則,所要求的一個確定指示或評定.5.管制圖------Control Chart為一個具有上下管制界線的圖.在其圖上,繪有一系列的樣本或樣本組統計量的測定值.此圖通常繪有一條中心線,用協助偵測所繪之統計值,有否趨向其中之一條管制界線.6.成本------Cost在QCD的範疇中,[成本]一詞通常系指成本管理,而非削減成本.成本管理涉及到對各種資源的適度管理,以及消除所有類別的無鈦(浪費).在此種方式下,會降低總成本.7.跨功能(部門)管理------Cross-functional management為達成QCD跨越部門之間的管理活動.8.週期時間------Cycle time作業員完成加工一個產品的實際耗費時間(參閱產距時間Take time)9.交期------Delivery在QCD的範疇中,交期一詞系指交或時間以及數量,皆要符合顧客的要求. 10.不接受,不製造,不流出------Don’t get it, don’t make it, don’t send it在現場里推行的一個常識性口號,再任何一個QCD計劃之中,應將品質是最優先的觀念予以實踐出來.例如:不要從上製程接受不良品,不要在自己的製程上製造出不良品,以及一旦有不良品製造出來,不可明知顧犯地流到下一製程.11.失效樹分析------Failure Tree Analysis(FTA)藉著確定因果關係及利用樹狀圖,來確認問題的機率.失效樹分析是用來分析及事先避免任何安全性及可靠度上的問題.12.現場管理的五項金科玉律------Five golden rules of gemba management一套在現場推行<現場改善>時,最實用的提醒劑.(1)當有問題發生時,<要先去現場>.(2)檢查現物.(3)當場采取暫行處置措施.(4)發掘真因並排除.(5)標準化以防止再發生.13.5M-----Five M’S在現場用以管理資源的方法.這五項資源皆以英文M開頭,特地稱之為5M人員(Manpower) 機器(Machine) 材料(Material) 方法(Method)量測(Measurement)14.5S------Five S’s是一種為維持良好工廠環境的查核表,為使工作場所更有秩序,效率及紀律.它源自于五個有S開頭的日文字:整理,整頓,清掃,清潔,紀律.套用英文相當之字則為分類=整理,定位=整頓,刷洗=清掃,制度=清潔,標準=紀律.15.流線生產------Flow Production及時生產方式的基本支柱之一.在流線生產里,機器是依據加工的順序排列.如此,工作物在製程之間的流動,就不會中斷或停留.16.失效模式及有效性分析------FMEA藉著分析零組件對最終成品失效模式的影響結果,失效模式及有效分析可以用來對一個新產品的任何潛在的設計缺點,做事前預測及消除.FMEA也可以用來針對新生產設備的設計審查活動.(叫做製程FMEA)17.現場------Gemba日文一詞指(實地),現在則採用管理上的術語,意義為工作場所,或者稱之為產生附加價值附加價值的地點.在製造業來說,通常系指工廠.18.現物------Gembutsu在現場里所發現的有形物件.例如:工作物,不良品,夾具,工具,及機器.19.去現場------Go to gemba現場改善的第一項原則,這是一個提醒劑.不管何時,當異常發生或經理人員欲了解生產作業的現狀,他(或她)應立即去現場,因為現場是所有資訊的來源.20.海因利奇法則------Heinirch’s Law一項有關於意外事故与傷害的比率法則.海因利奇用下列的比率表示之:重度傷害:輕度傷害:無傷害=1:29:300 此公式表示:當你看到一個因為意外事故重傷的人,同樣的的事故可能也造成29人的輕微傷害.同時,或許有300人經歷同樣的事故,但幸運地沒有受到傷害.21.危險預知訓練------Hiyari KYT (Kiken-yochi training)KYT係指對預見的危險做事前演練,並採取預防措施.22.惊嚇報告------Scare report驚嚇報告,是由人工寫給上級主管的報告.用以報告會造成品質問題及和意外事故的不安全狀況.23.石川圖(魚骨圖)由石川馨教授首先發展出來的圖表.用來表示原因(製程)及影響(結果)的關係.此圖係用來確定真因,同時也是解決問題的七種基本手法之一.24.國際標準組織9000系列標準------(IS9000)一套關於品質管理及品質保證的國際標準規範.此套規範用以協助公司對品質保證體系應執行的要件,做好文件的管理,以確保符合產品的規格要求.25.自動化------Jidhoka每當不良品製造出來時,能使機器自動停止下來得一種裝置.此裝置是JIT導入的要點.26.自主研現場改善------Jishuken gemba Kaizen在1960年代初期,自主研(自主的JIT研究小組)首先在豐田集團的公司的現場,開始推行JIT的活動.27.及時生產方式JIT------Just in time藉由在公司內,消除流程間所有各種的無鈦(浪費),並以及時送達貨品以符合顧客的要求,來達成產品或服務的最佳品質,成本及交期的一種生產體系.亦稱為豐田生產體系,精實生產方式及看板生產方式.28.自主管理-----JK(jishu kanri)自主管理的日文意思為自動自發管理之意.係指工人在其上級管理人員的指導之下,將參與改善活動視為日常工作的一部分.此與品管圈活動有所不同,後者係自願性並由工人依自己的意志來逕行.29.改善觀念------Kaizen concepts在推行改善時,所必頇了解及實踐的主要觀念.(1).改善與管理(2).過程與結果(3).遵守PDCA循環/SDCA循環.(4).品質第一(5).用數據說話.(6).下一製程就是顧客.30改善事例------Kaizen Story用于組織各層級中的一種解決問題之標準程序.改善事例分為8大步驟:(1).主題選定(2).現況調查及目標設定(3).資料分析以及確定真因(4).對策擬定(5).對策實施(6).效果確認(7).標準化(8).檢討上述過程及未來計劃31.改善活動體系------Kaizen systems欲達成世界級所必頇建立的主要活動體系.(1).全面品質管理(Total Quality Management)(2).及時生產方式(Just in time production system)(3).全員生產保全(Total productive maintenance)(4).方針展開(Policy deployment)(5).提案建議制度(Suggestion system)(6).小集團活動(Small-group activities)32.看板------Kanban在及時生產方式中,用以管理批量生產的一種溝通工具.看板,在日文里係指一種信號板,掛在生產現某一已知號碼的零件或產品上,並指示運送某一已知的數量.當這些數量的零件用完之後,此看板即送回原處,變成生產指示,以再生產.33.工數------Kosu生產作業,可區分為機器的時和人的時間.工數係指在一已知的製程之中,完成一個產品的加工動作所耗費的人員時間.是將(此一製程的工作人數*實際完成此製程的時間)/所生產的產品數量,用來衡量作業員的生產力.工數降低是在現場生產力改善的主要衡量方式之一.34.晨集------Morning market在現場中的<每日例行工作>,包含在工作之前依據現物原則,檢查前一天所做的不良品(現物),如此才能儘早採取對策.此一包含現場人員的(而非職員)會議,是在早上開公時的第一件事.35.無鈦------(浪費)Muda日文一詞意指(浪費).當使用在工作現場所的管理時,泛指沒有附加價值的活動.在現場里,僅有兩種型態的活動:有附加價值和沒有附加價值.在現場改善中,首先要致力于消除各種沒有附加價值的活動.消除下列範圍的無鈦,期使對QCD產生重大的改善:生產過多,庫存,不良品,動作,加工,等待,搬運及時間.無鈦的消除即是以低成本,常識性的方法,來求改善的縮影.36.無穩-----Mura日文意指不規律或變化性.37.無理------Muri日文意指過勞性或困難性.38.一個流------One-Piece flow在及時生產方式裡,僅允許每次將一個產品從此製程流到另一製程,使無鈦最小化.39.柏拉圖------Pareto chart將原因從最大影響度,依次排至最小影響度的一種圖表工具.它是依據<柏拉圖原理>而來,是由品管大師朱蘭博士訂定出來的.此80:20原則,指出<80%的結果,是來自於20%的原因所造成>.柏拉圖為解決問題的基本七手法之一種.。
开始故事的英文
开始故事的英文Once upon a time, in a small village nestled in the rolling hills of the English countryside, there lived a young girl named Lily. Lily was a curious and adventurous soul, always seeking out new experiences and exciting adventures. She had a wild imagination and a heart full of dreams, and she longed for the day when she could set out on her own and explore the world beyond the boundaries of her little village.One sunny morning, as Lily was wandering through the meadows, she stumbled upon a mysterious old book hidden beneath a tangle of ivy. Intrigued, she carefully brushed away the leaves and dust to reveal the title: "The Key to Adventure." Without hesitation, Lily opened the book and began to read the words inscribed on its yellowed pages.The book told the story of a brave young explorer who had set out on a perilous journey to find a hidden treasure deep in the heart of a dark and enchanted forest. As Lilyread on, she felt a surge of excitement and determination coursing through her veins. She knew in that moment that she was destined for adventure, and she vowed to follow in the footsteps of the courageous explorer in the book.With a sense of purpose burning in her heart, Lily set out on her own quest for adventure. She packed a small bag with supplies and bid farewell to her family and friends, promising to return with tales of her daring exploits. As she ventured into the unknown, she encountered all manner of obstacles and challenges, from treacherous mountain passes to murky swamps teeming with mysterious creatures.But with each trial she faced, Lily grew stronger and more determined. She relied on her quick wit and resourcefulness to overcome every obstacle in her path, and she discovered a courage within herself that she never knew existed. Along the way, she made new friends and allies who joined her on her quest, and together they faced the dangers of the world with unwavering bravery.Finally, after many days of relentless pursuit, Lilyand her companions arrived at the edge of the dark and enchanted forest. The air was thick with an eerie stillness, and the trees loomed overhead like ancient guardians of a long-forgotten secret. Undeterred, Lily took a deep breath and plunged into the heart of the forest, determined to uncover the hidden treasure that awaited her.As she ventured deeper into the shadowy depths of the forest, Lily encountered a series of cunning traps andclever riddles that tested her wit and resolve. But she pressed on, following the clues laid out in the old bookand trusting in her instincts to guide her. And at long last, she stumbled upon a glimmering chest nestled beneath the roots of a gnarled old tree.With trembling hands, Lily opened the chest and beheld the dazzling treasure that lay within. It was a key unlike any she had ever seen, adorned with intricate carvings and shimmering with an otherworldly light. As she held the keyin her hands, a sense of fulfillment washed over her, and she knew that she had truly found the key to adventure.And so, with her heart full of triumph and her spirit ablaze with the thrill of discovery, Lily emerged from the forest and returned to her village as a hero. She regaled her family and friends with tales of her daring exploits, and the old book that had sparked her grand adventure became a cherished heirloom, passed down through the generations as a testament to the power of courage and determination.From that day forward, Lily's name was synonymous with bravery and adventure, and she continued to seek out new challenges and exciting escapades, knowing that she held the key to unlock the wonders of the world. And though her journey had come to an end, the spirit of adventure burned brightly within her, inspiring others to follow in her footsteps and begin their own grand tales of triumph and discovery.。
Kaizen 的起源
Kaizen Event
13
5、提案建议制度 提案建议制度,是属于“个人导向”改善活动的一种,他的功能着重 在激励员工的参与来提高士气.日本管理人员视此制度为激励员工对 现场改善的兴趣,其方法是鼓励员工多提出建议,无论他们的建议有多 小.管理阶层并不期望能从每一个提案中,获得巨额的经济利益.目的 是培养,开发具有改善意识及自律化的员工.
Kaizen Event
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3、消除Muda（浪费） 、消除 （浪费） Muda在日语中是“浪费”，它另有一层深的含义，工作是由一系列的 过程或步骤组成的，从原材料或信息开始，到产成品或服务结束，在每 个过程中都应增值，然后进入下一过程，在每个过程中作为资源的人和 设备要么使产品增值，要么无，Muda 就是指每个没有使产品增值的活动 或过程，一般将可能引起Muda的原因划分如下： *过量生产引起的Muda *库存引起的Muda *次品/返工引起的Muda *动作（行动）的Muda *生产中的Muda *等待所产生的Muda *运输过程中的Muda
1、标准化 为了达到企业的QCD目标，企业必须合理利用一切可用资源，对人员、 信息、设备和原材料的使用，每天都需作出计划，利用关于使用这些资源 的标准有助于提高计划的效率，如果在计划的执行中出现问题或偏差，企 业领导就应及时找出问题的真正原因，并将现有标准修改或完善以避免问 题的再次出现，标准是KAIZEN 的固定组成部分，它为进一步完善提供基 础。工作领域标准化的含义就是指将工程师的工艺或设计要求转换成工人 们每天必须遵守的工作指令。
Kevin Xiao Kaizen Event
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一、 Kaizen 的起源
Kaizen是指“对企业不同领域或工作位置上所做的不断的改进和完善”， 起源于TWI （Training Within Industries）和MT（Management Training ），TWI二战后被美国军火工业广泛采用的“工业内部培训”， 40年代在美 国发展起来的，当TWI在许多国家被引进时，在日本产生的影响最大，至 少有一千万的日本企业界的领导、专业人员及员工都受了TWI培训，对日 本企业管理的理论和实践有深远的影响。 MT是美国空军发明的，二战后也被日本引进，在日本工业和国际贸易部 近50年不懈的努力下，截止1994年底已有300多万日本企业界的领导人 接受过MT的培训，在日本，为了进入企业中上领导层，获得MT的培训结 业证书几乎是一种必须手段。 从1986年开始, <<改善:日本企业成功的奥秘>>一书出版以来,“改 善”(Kaizen),已被公认为是一种主要的管理观念. 1993年版的New Shorter Oxford英文词典,收录了“改善”一词,(该词典将 “改善”定义为:一种企业经营理念,用以持续不断的改进工作方法和人员的 效率等).
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表彰最佳小组个人
实施让具有实效的对策持续下去的手 段，以谋求对策的落实。
成立活动小组
建立小组 注册登 记
小组概况
小组名称 格言 课题名称 活动日期 组长 **小组 成立时间
记录 开展活 动
小组成员简介
序号 姓名 职务 小组分工
KAIZEN小组的目的 KAIZEN小组的目的
1.发现浪费 1.发现浪费 2.降低消耗 2.降低消耗 3.提高人的 3.提高人的 素质
小组针对本次活动的优缺点和得失做 出评价，同时也让残留问题明确化。
步骤十：今后计划
今后计划
1、。。。。 2、。。。。
思考如何将反省的内容活用到下次课 题中。
图示过程
步骤十一：汇总、报告、发表与表彰
将所成立小组、整个改善过程小 组活动的整个过程内容及最后结 果进行汇总
报告
形成小组改善 活动报告
月度发表会
图示过程
步骤四：活动计划
XX月份 XXX XXX XXX XXX
决定行动项目，活动计划，资源调配 和权责分派。
步骤五：解析
5WHY 5WHY？
追究查明发生问题的真因。
图示过程
步骤六：对策实施
思考去除问题发生原因的手段并予以 实施。
步骤七：效果确认
经济改善 效果由财务部 最终确认
其它改善效果 由相应职能部门 进行确认
效益
经济效益、人员素质、团队精 神、工作质量、企业文化、管 理效能。。。。
1 选择课 题
小组活动的程序
P
2 现状调 查 3 设定目 标 4 分析原 因
PDCA
D C
5 确定主要 原因 6 制定对 策 7 按对策实 施 8 检查效 果 目标达 到 目标未 达到
A
10 总结和下一步 打算
9 制定巩固 措施
---5WHY 5WHY实例-------寻找污染源
泄漏
5
Answer
Wh y?
? ? ? ? Why Why Why Why
Why? Answer
W y? h
h W y?
4 3 2 1
Wh y?
Wh y?
Why?
Answer Why?
实地调查改善的状况，并和改善目标 值进行比较，最后确认改善效果。
图示过程
步骤八：标准化
教育训练
标
准
化
可视化作 业指导书 SOP （SOP SOP）
实施
落实程度追踪 实施让具有实效的对策持续下去的手 段，以谋求对策的落实。
图示过程
步骤九：反省，残留问题 优点 选题理由 现状把握 活动计划 分析真因 …… …… …… …… 缺点 …… …… …… ……
KAIZEN STORY
黄 磊 2005 8月12 2005年8 12 12日
图示过程
步骤一：开始
对公司及自己的现场和团队成 员介绍，并说明与题目有关的 工程内容，让发表简单明了。
步骤二：选题理由
1、根据本公司最大损失、本部门最大损失、本 岗位最大损失进行定期收集问题和将之可视 化； 2、结合公司现阶段目标任务，确定需要进行改 . 善的课题.
步骤三：现状把握
PET损耗分析 10.00% 9.00% 8.00% 7.00% 6.00% 5.00% 4.00% 3.00% 2.00% 1.00% 0.00%
损耗率
?
PET其它损耗 PET吹瓶损耗
1月
2月
月份Leabharlann 3月4月对问题进行分析，以掌握差异，并设定 SMART ) 改善目标（目标设定的SMART SMART原则)。