不定式复习要点

important, necessary, natural, easy, safe, common, normal, hard, difficult, unusual, dangerous, rare, impossible, pleasant 等。பைடு நூலகம்It’s very dangerous for children to cross the busy street. 作表语的形容词为表示逻辑主语的性格、属性、 特征等的形容词时，不定式的逻辑主语用of sb. 引出。常见的有： bad, brave, careless, clever, cruel, foolish, good, honest, horrible, kind, lazy, modest, naughty, nice, polite, rude, silly, stupid, wise, wrong 等。
3. 表示“可以，可能” (相当于may, can) The news is to be found in the evening paper. 这条消息可以在晚报上见到。 You are to see such people everywhere. 这种人到处都有。
4. 表示“不可避免, 注定” 要发生的事 。 You are to answer for what you have done. 你必定会为你所做的事付出代价的。 They said goodbye, little knowing they were never to meet again. 他们告了别，不知道以后再也不会见面了。
常见的用带疑问词的不定式作宾语的动词有： decide, know, consider, forget, learn, remember, show, understand, see, wonder, hear, find out, explain, tell等。 此外，on, about, of等介词后也常用带疑问 词的不定式作宾语。
To act like that is childish. (幼稚的)
Where to go tomorrow has not been decided.
It is not easy to learn English well. It is not easy for you to learn English well. 不定式做主语的要点： 1. 单个不定式作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 2. 可将作主语不定式置于句末而在主语位置使 用it作形式主语。 3. 不定式作主语时其逻辑主语通常为泛指的人 们。若有必要指出不定式的逻辑主语时可在 其前面加上for sb.表示。
不定式 主 谓 宾 表 定 状 主 / 宾语 在句中 语 语 语 语 语 语 补足语 的作用
不定式的时态和语态 一般式 进行式 完成式 to have been done 完成进 to have been doing 行式 主动式 to do to be doing to have done 被动式 to be done
1. It is good to help others. the following Underline the infinitive in each ofsubject sentences and tell what make sure sentence 2. It is my ambition to member of that the each infinitive is used for. neighborhood disabled people in our
9. Some days I am too tired to get out of bed.
11. Her job is to look after the children in the nursery. predicative 12. My doctor advised me to go to the park for a change of air. object complement
subject have access to all public buildings. 3. My ambition is to work in the computer industry when I grow up. predicative 4. I don’t have time to sit around feeling sorry for myself. attribute 5. I am the only student in my class to attribute have a pet snake. 6. A big company has decided to buy it object from me.
5. 用于否定句，表示“禁止” (相当于 mustn’t) The books in this room are not to be 本室内的书籍不得带出室外。 taken outside. You are not to smoke in the reading你不可以在阅览室里吸烟。 room. 注1. was / were to do… 表过去曾经计划要做 的事，或者过去应当做的事。 注2. was / werebecause I was soon to I felt nervous to have done…, 表示“本 打算、计划或应当”做而没有做成的事。 leave home for the first time. We were to do...用于if或even if / even 注3. were to have told you, but you were 我感到很紧张，因为我很快就要首次离开家了。 not in. though从句中，表示对未来的假设。 我们本来想告诉你的，但是你不在家。
It is kind of you to say so.
His aim is to go to Beijing University. What I would suggest is to put off the meeting. My question is where to find the answer. The only thing we can do now is wait and see. I am to see you off at the airport tomorrow. You are to be punished if you break rules. 不定式做表语的要点： This is for you to decide. 1. 句子的主语与作表语的不定式之间没有逻辑 主谓关系: 不定式说明主语的内容。 2.不定式的复合结构和带疑问词的不定式也可 作表语。 4. 句子的主语与作表语的不定式之间有逻辑主 3.主语部分有实义动词do时，to可以省略。 谓关系，则be to-v.有以下含义：
It is hard for him to make up his mind. It was foolish of her to say such a thing.
不定式做主语的要点： 4. 不定式作主语时其逻辑主语除了用for sb. 外，还可用of sb.；用for sb.还是of sb. 取决于作表语的形容词。 作表语的形容词为表示重要性，紧迫性，频繁 程度，难易，安全等情况的形容词，不定式的 逻辑主语用for sb.引出，常见的形容词有：
7. My fellow students have begun to accept me for who I am. object 8. I have had to work hard to live a normal life. adverbial adverbial 10. We must call on local government to object complement give financial assistance to disabled people.
不定式是非谓语动词的形式，由“to + v.”构成 ，不定式可以带宾语或状语等构成不定式短语 。不定式没有人称和数的变化，但有时态和语 态的变化。不定式的常见形式有： 否定式: not to do... (有时也用never to do...) 复合结构: for sb (not) to do... 带疑问词的不定式: wh- to do... (wh- not to do...) in order (not) to-v. 表目的的不定式: so as (not) to-v. 不定式的作用：不定式在句中可以充当除谓语 以外的其它句子成份。(见下表)
If he were to tell you that he taught his boss a good lesson, would you believe him? 要是他告诉他狠狠地教训了他的老板，你会相 信吗？ Even if the sun were to rise in the west, I would never do such a thing. 即使太阳从西边出来，我也决不做这种事。
She loves to talk about the matter. I promised not to tell anyone about it. My sister asked where to find the tool. He taught me how to fold paper into a crane. She had no choice but to stay at home. I have no idea about what to do next. 不定式做宾语的要点： 1. 不定式可以作动词宾语，也可作以介词宾 语；不定式作宾语时，其逻辑主语通常为 句子的主语。 常见的用不定式作宾语的动词有：
1. 表示按计划或安排要做的事。 (意思接近于 be going to) When are you to leave for home? 你什么时候回家？ She is to be married next month. 她将于下个月结婚。 2. 表示“义务、应该” (相当于should, ought to, must, have to) You are to report to the police. 你应该报警。 The letter is to be handed to him in person. 这封信必须亲手交给他。