系统解剖-泌尿系统-英文版Urinary-System

kidney
★ Renal structure肾的结构
➢ Renal cortex 肾皮质 renal columns 肾柱
➢ Renal medulla 肾髓质 Renal pyramids 肾锥体 (15～20) Renal papilla 肾乳头 Papillary foramina 乳头孔
kidney
➢ Fatty renal capsule 脂肪囊 A thick adipose connective tissue capsule, surrounds the fibrous capsule It acts as a shock absorber to protect the kidney from jolting and jarring
Kidney 肾
Medial border－concave
➢ ★ Renal hilum 肾门－a vertical slit on the medial border of kidney
➢ ★ Renal pedicle肾蒂 － the structures which enter and leave the renal hilum， including the renal vein, renal artery, renal pelvis, lymphatic vessels and nerves
Kidney 肾
★ Renal sinus 肾窦
➢ The renal hilum extends into a large cavity within the kidney
➢ Contents: Occupied by the renal vessels, minor renal calices, major renal calices, renal pelvis and some adipose tissue
➢ Order of structures in the renal pedicle From anterior to posterior－renal V, renal A, renal pelvis. From superior to inferior－ renal A. renal V. renal pelvis.
➢ Minor renal calices 肾小盏 (7－8) ➢ Major renal calices 肾大盏 (2～3) ➢ Renal pelvis 肾盂
Renal cortex consist of renal units，which produces the urine
kidney
★ Coverings of kidney
stores urine ➢ Urethra 尿道－conducts urine from
bladder to exterior of body (discharged)
Kidney 肾
★ General features
➢ Bean shaped, reddish-brown organs ➢ Superior extremity－broad and thin ➢ Inferior extremity－narrow and thick ➢ Anterior surface－convex ➢ Posterior surface－flat ➢ Lateral border－convex
➢ Renal fascia 肾筋膜 On outside, surrounds both the kidney and suprarenal gland Holding these organs in place
kidney
★ Position of Kidney
➢ Lie behind the peritoneum, high up on the posterior abdominal wall on either side of the vertebral column
➢ Right kidney Lies slightly lower than the left kidney, at the level from the upper border of T12 to L3 The 12th rib is behind its upper part of the post surface
➢ Fibrous capsule 纤维囊 ➢ Fatty renal capsule 脂肪囊 ➢ Renal fascia 肾筋膜
kidney
Coverings of kidney
➢ Fibrous capsule 纤维囊 A strong fibrous capsule which strips easily from a normal kidney surface but adheres firmly to an organ that has be百度文库n inflamed
UrinarySystem 泌尿系统
Urinary System泌尿系统
★ Composition
➢ Kidney 肾－form urine ➢ Ureter 输尿管－conduct urine from
kidneys to bladder ➢ Urinary bladder 膀胱－receives and
➢ Upper pole nearer to media plan than lower pole
Kidney
➢ Left kidney Lies at the level from the lower border of T11 to intervertebral disc between L2-L3 The 12th rib is behind its middle part of the post surface
➢ Renal hilum At the level of L1 About 5cm from the posterior median line