2017-2018学年度思恩教育高三学生第一次联考教师用卷
2017-2018学年度宁夏思恩教育灵武校区初升高2018暑期入学测试卷卷-教师版
绝密★启用前2017-2018学年度宁夏思恩教育灵武校区初升高2018暑期入学测试卷卷数学试卷考试范围：高中新生必备篇；考试时间：60分钟；满分：100分 � 命题人：杨金仓注意事项：1．答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息 2．请将答案正确填写在答题卡上第I 卷（选择题 共计20分）未命名一、单选题（每小题5分，共计20分）1．下列性质中，正方形具有而菱形不一定具有的性质是（ ） A. 四条边相等 B. 对角线互相平分 C. 对角线相等 D. 对角线互相垂直 【答案】C【解析】试题解析：正方形的性质有：四条边相等；对角线互相垂直平分且相等；菱形的性质有：四条边相等；对角线互相垂直平分； 因此正方形具有而菱形不一定具有的性质是：对角线相等． 故选C ．考点：1.正方形的性质；4.菱形的性质．2．对有理数x ，下列结论中一定正确的是( ) A. 分式的分子与分母同乘以|x|，分式的值不变 B. 分式的分子与分母同乘以x2，分式的值不变 C. 分式的分子与分母同乘以|x+2|，分式的值不变 D. 分式的分子与分母同乘以x2+1，分式的值不变 【答案】D【解析】根据分式的基本性质可知；只有当分式的分子和分母中同时乘以（或除以）同一个不为0的数或整式时，分式的值才不会变；而对于有理数，的值都有可能为0，只有一定不为0，∴选项A 、B 、C 中的说法都是错的，只有D 的说法是正确的. 故选D.3．解下列方程：①2x2－18＝0；②9x2－12x －1＝0；③3x2＋10x ＋2＝0；④2(5x －1)2＝2(5x －1)．用较简便的方法依次是( ) A. ①直接开平方法，②配方法，③公式法，④因式分解法 B. ①直接开平方法，②公式法，③、④因式分解法 C. ①因式分解法，②公式法，③配方法，④因式分解法 D. ①直接开平方法，②、③公式法，④因式分解法 【答案】D【解析】①2x 2=18，所以利用直接开平方法.②9x 2－12x －1＝0，公式法.③3x 22第3页 共10页 ◎ 第4页 共10页所以选D.4．下列说法完整且正确的是（ ）A. 同底数幂相乘，指数相加；B. 幂的乘方，等于指数相乘；C. 积的乘方，等于把积的每一个因式分别乘方，再把所得的幂相乘；D. 单项式乘以单项式，等于系数相乘，同底数幂相乘 【答案】C【解析】试题分析：根据同底数幂的乘法、幂的乘方和积的乘方法则进行计算．解：A 、同底数的幂相乘，底数不变，指数相加，故选项不完整； B 、幂的乘方，底数不变，指数相乘，故错误； C 、正确；D 、单项式乘以单项式，系数相乘作为系数，相同的字母相乘，故错误． 故选C ．考点：单项式乘单项式；同底数幂的乘法；幂的乘方与积的乘方． 点评：本题主要考查整式的运算和幂的运算法则记忆要准确，完整，要注意区分它们各自的特点，以避免出错．第II 卷（非选择题 共计80分）二、填空题5．根据不等式的基本性质，将“1ax ≥”变形为“1x a≤”，则a 的取值范围是___________． 【答案】a ＜0【解析】∵将“1ax ≥”变形为“1x a≤”时，不等号改变了方向， ∴a <06．把代数式4a2b ﹣3b2（4a ﹣3b ）进行因式分解得：_____． 【答案】b （2a ﹣3b ）2【解析】分析：原式去括号整理后，提取b ，再利用完全平方公式分解即可． 详解：原式=4b −12a +9=b(4−12ab+9)=b .故答案为：b.点睛：本题考查了提公因式法与公式法的综合运用. 7．将下列多项式分解因式： ①x2+7x+10； ②2y2﹣14y+24.【答案】①（x+2）（x+5）；②2（y ﹣3）（y ﹣4） 【解析】试题分析：仿照上述的方法，将原式分解即可. 解：①x 2+7x+10=（x+2）（x+5）；②2y 2﹣14y+24=2（y 2﹣7y+12）=2（y ﹣3）（y ﹣4）. 考点：因式分解-十字相乘法等.三、解答题8．已知分式A=2344111a a a a a -+⎛⎫+-÷⎪--⎝⎭. (1) 化简这个分式；(2) 当a ＞2时，把分式A 化简结果的分子与分母同时加上3后得到分式B ，问：分式B 的值较原来分式A 的值是变大了还是变小了？试说明理由. (3) 若A 的值是整数，且a 也为整数，求出符合条件的所有a 值的和. 【答案】（1）22a A a +=-；（2）变小了，理由见解析；（3）符合条件的所有a 值的和为11.【解析】分析：（1）分解因式，再通分化简.(2)用作差法比较二者大小关系.(3)先分离常数，再尝试让分子能被分母整除. 详解：（1）A =2344111a a a a a -+⎛⎫+-÷ ⎪--⎝⎭=()()()2113211a a a a a -+--÷--=22a a +-. （2）变小了，理由如下：()()()()()()()()21522512212121a a a a a a A B a a a a a a ++-+-++-=-==-+-+-+ . ∵a ＞2 ∴a -2＞0，a+1＞0，∴()()1221A B a a -=-+＞0，即A ＞B(3) 24122a A a a +==+-- 根据题意， 21,2,4a -=±±± 则a =1、0、-2、3、4、6， 又1a ≠ ∴0+（-2）+3+4+6=11 ,即：符合条件的所有a 值的和为11. 点睛：比较大小的方法：（1）作差比较法：0a b a b ->>; 0a b a b -<⇒< (a b ，可以是数，也可以是一个式子)（2）作商比较法：若a ＞0，b ＞0，且1ab>，则a ＞b ；若a ＜0，b ＜0，且1ab>，则a ＜b ． 9 (1)4＋的有理化因式是 ，将分母有理化得 ；(2)已知x ＝，y ＝,则＝ ；【答案】（1）,;（2）10 ;【解析】(1) ∵,∴的有理化因式为 ;∵,∴ 分母有理化得: .(2). ∵ ,∴10．下面是某同学对多项式（x2-4x+2）（x2-4x+6）+4因式分解的过程. 解：设x2-4x=y ，则原式=（y+2）（y+6）+4（第一步）第7页共10页◎第8页共10页=（y+4）2（第三步）=（x2-4x+4）2（第四步）解答下列问题：（1）该同学第二步到第三步运用了因式分解的方法是（）A.提取公因式B.平方差公式C.两数和的完全平方公式D.两数差的完全平方公式（2）该同学因式分解的结果是否彻底？（填“彻底”或“不彻底”）.若不彻底，请直接写出因式分解的最后结果；（3）请你模仿以上方法尝试对多项式（x2-2x）（x2-2x+2）+1进行因式分解.【答案】（1）C；（2）不彻底，（x-2）4；（3）（x-1）4.【解析】试题分析：（1）从二步到第三步运用了完全平方和公式；（2）x2-4x+4可运用完全平方差公式因式分解；（3）设x2-2x=y，将（x2-2x）（x2-2x+2）+1变形成y（y+2）+1的形式，再进行因式分解；试题解析：（1）运用了C，两数和的完全平方公式；（2）不彻底；（x2-4x+4）2＝（x-2）4（3）设x2-2x=y．（x2-2x）（x2-2x+2）+1=y（y+2）+1=y2+2y+1 =（y+1）2…………………………7分=（x2-2x+1）2=（x-1）4．11.如图，已知二次函数24y ax x c=-+的图像经过点A和点B．（1）．求该二次函数的表达式（2）写出该抛物线的对称轴及顶点坐标；（3）点P(m，m)与点Q均在该函数图像上(其中m＞0)，且这两点关于抛物两点的坐标及点Q 到x轴的距离．【答案】11．（1）将x=-1，y=-1；x=3，y=-9分别代入cxaxy+-=42得⎩⎨⎧+⨯-⨯=-+-⨯--⨯=-.3439,)1(4)1(122caca解得⎩⎨⎧-==.6,1ca…………………………3分∴二次函数的表达式为642--=xxy．……………………………4分（2）对称轴为2=x ；顶点坐标为(2，-10)．…………6分 （3）将(m ，m)代入642--=x x y ，得 642--=m m m ，解得121,6m m =-=．∵m ＞0，∴11-=m 不合题意，舍去． ∴ m=6．………………………8分 ∴P(6，6)；……………………9分 ∵点P 与点Q 关于对称轴2=x 对称， ∴Q(-2，6)………………11分∴点Q 到x 轴的距离为6． ………………12分【解析】（1）利用待定系数法将A ，B 两点代入二次函数解析式即可得出a ，c 的值，得出解析式即可；（2）利用配方法求出二次函数的顶点坐标和对称轴即可；（3）利用点P （m ，m ）在该函数图象上，代入解析式即可求出m 的值，进而得出Q 到x 轴的距离12．（1）解不等式：2（x+1）﹣1≥3x+2，并把解集表示在数轴上．（2）解不等式组()32211163x x x x+>-⎧⎪⎨-->⎪⎩，并写出不等式组的整数解． 【答案】（1）x ≤－1；（2）整数解为－4，－3，－2，－1，0，1，2． 【解析】试题分析：（1）去括号，移项、合并同类项，系数化成1即可求解，在把不集的公共部分就是不等式组的解集，然后确定解集中的整数解即可． 试题解析：（1）2（x+1）﹣1≥3x+2， 2x+2-1≥3x+2， 2x-3x ≥2-2+1， -x ≥1 x ≤－1， 数轴略（2）解①得x ≥－4 解②得x ＜37∴－4≤x ＜37， 整数解为－4，－3，－2，－1，0，1，2考点：一元一次不等式及一元一次不等式组的解法．。
2017届高三十四校联考第一阶段教学调研英语试卷(含答案、评分标准与听力文本)资料
2017届高三第一阶段教学调研英语试卷(试卷满分140分，考试时间120分钟)I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. Excited. B. Dissatisfied. C. Bored. D. Exhausted.2. A. 7:00. B. 7:10. C. 9:00. D. 9:10.3. A. A cook. B. A shop assistant. C. A saleswoman. D. A waitress.4. A. At a gas station. B. In a work shop. C. At an art gallery. D. In a department store.5. A. He hasn’t had a chance to meet Kathy yet. B. Kathy had already told him the news.C. He didn’t know that Kat hy was being moved.D. His new office will be located in New York.6. A. The woman wants to go to Toronto. B. The man wants to go to Vancouver.C. There are no flights to Toronto.D. There are two direct flights to Toronto.7. A. She should do more careful work. B. She is not concerned about George’s remarks.C. George does not care about her.D. George shouldn’t have said much about her.8. A. She can’t afford that much for a trip.B. She is fortunate to have made a lot of money.C. She doesn’t think 15,000 dollars is enough for the trip.D. She considers 15,000 dollars only a small sum of money.9. A. Playing tennis. B. Writing a term paper. C. Gathering materials. D. Holding a meeting.10. A. The man was seriously injured in the car accident.B. The man had poor imagination because of the car accident.C. The man wasn’t wearing the seat belt when the accident happened.D. The man’s daughter advised him to wear the seat belt before he left home.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one conversation. You will be asked three questions on each of the passages and four questions for the conversation. The passages and conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Future researchers. B. College students.C. Company employees.D. Successful artists.12. A. To teach the listeners how to work hard. B. To enable the listeners to get better salaries.C. To prepare the listeners to get better jobs.D. To encourage the listeners to seize opportunities.13. A. Kindness. B. Diligence. C. Willingness. D. Interest.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. The benefits of walking. B. The importance of keeping fit.C. The way of forming a habit.D. The possibility of excising regularly.15. A. Because it needs much thinking. B. Because people can improve their memory.C. Because it is suitable for everyone.D. Because people needn’t concentrate on it.16. A. It is the easiest way to lose weight. B. It can be made part of people’s life.C. It can make people’s hearts stronger.D. It prevents people suffering from cancers.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. He has just been back from South America. B. He has been burnt for a few hours.C. He has been surfing the Internet for long.D. He has been doing school work all night.18. A. To look for something interesting for pleasure. B. To meet new friends in the net chatroom.C. To release pressure from heavy work.D. To look for information for his project.19. A. Quite a few sites are just old event calendars. B. It’s a waste of time to surf the Internet.C. A lot of information can be found.D. A lot of friends can be made on the Internet.20. A. People spend much time talking about other interests.B. It takes long to find things because of many useless sites.C. It is hard to start chatting with others in the chatroom.D. It’s hardly the best source of information available.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.From classics to moviesHe can recite Shakespeare’s Hamlet from memory. His favorite ancient myth is The Odyssey. Tom Hiddleston, 32, could have been a popular professor teaching English Literature at (21) __________ university, but the well-educated British man chose to do something that he loves even more: acting.He’s well-known around the world as the villain Loki from the Hollywood films Thor (2011), The Avengers (2012) and now Thor: The Dark World, which will come out in China on Nov 8. Hidd leston’s role as Thor’s evil brother has led his fans —“Hiddlestoners” —(22) __________ (refer) to him as “the most charming villain” in cinema.(23) __________ his charm, Hiddleston had a tough time (24) __________ (persuade) his scientist father that acting was a worthwhile job. As a student at Eton, a private school for upper-class kids in England, Hiddleston performed in a lot of school plays. At 18, he appeared on stage at the Edinburgh International Festival. “It was the first time that people I knew and loved and respected came up to me after the show and said: ‘You could really do this (25) __________ you wanted to’,” Hiddleston told the Daily Mail.He said that as a teenager he didn’t have much self-esteem, but acting gave him confidence. “It wa s when they started saying I could do it (26) __________ I really committed to it as a possibility,” he continued. However, his father did not approve, believing his polite and bright son should be using his brains for (27) __________ else. “You’ve been ed ucated, so why do you want to spend your life pretending to be someone else when you could be your own man?” the father told the son.So, instead of going to drama school, Hiddleston went to Cambridge, (28) __________ he studied classics. There, he continued to appear in student plays and even landed some roles on TV and in local theaters. He managed to balance his acting and his studies so well that he (29) __________ (graduate) with a first-class degree.But Hiddleston’s international breakthrough came when he auditioned for the 2011 film Thor. He was desperate to play the title superhero, but the director decided that he was (30) __________ (suitable) for the part of the villain, Loki.In the end, his dark and powerful performance won over his father. It also earned him some important fans in the film industry: Steven Spielberg and Woody Allen. The two world-famous directors asked him to star in their award-winning films War Horse (2011) and Midnight in Paris (2011), respectively.Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Gender equality has powerful potential to improve the economy, security and the overall well-being of a population.“If the world closed the gender gap in workforce 31 , global Gross Domestic Product would increase by 28 trillion dollars by 2025... That’s about a quarter of the world’s current GDP, and almost half of the world’s current debt,” said U.S. Ambassador-at-Large for Global Women’s Issues Catherine Russell in a recent speech. She also noted that “studies have found that countries with less gender inequality are more secure, and peace 32 last longer when women are at the negotiating table.”Nonetheless, no country in the world can33 that it has achieved full gender equality.“Around the world, women are vastly34 in politics and the workforce, particularly in leadership positions and other high-paying jobs,” said Ambassador Russell. At the same time, women make up the majority of the poor. “I’ve heard people say that poverty has a 35 face, and that makes sense when you consider that women control just one-fifth of global wealth,” said Ambassador Russell.World leaders are beginning to recognize that everyone benefits from 36 gender equality, she said. This is why gender equality is part of U.S. foreign policy. A key part of U.S. efforts focus on educating and empowering girls. In the past 18 months, the United States 37 its global strategy to empower adolescent girls, as well as Let Girls Learn, which is a Presidential initiative that focuses on educating girls.We are also working with numerous countries to remove 38 that keep women from inheriting or owning property, entering the formal job market or accessing banking services.“Gender equality sometimes looks like an impossible task —a 39 without an end,” s aid Ambassador Russell. “But...we can make progress, and that progress is worth making. Little by little, discussion by discussion, step by step, we can improve the lives of women and girls, men and boys all around the world. And in doing so, we can reach our 40goals of peace, prosperity, and security.”III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.“Achievement Gap” Closing Slightly for Young Students in U.S.Within many education systems, wealthier students often test better than poorer ones, which, to education experts, is often called the “achievement gap.”Sean Reardon is a professor of poverty and 41 in education at Stanford. He studied children and how they prepare for kindergarten classes. He also looked at how their preparation has changed since the 1990s. He found 42 that from 1998 to 2010 the achievement gap closed a little.One way to reduce the gap is to offer pre-kindergarten 43 to very young children.Education experts and some politicians have long 44 for pre-kindergarten classes for all young children. In fact, it has been a 45 heard on the political campaign trail —universalpre-kindergarten classes for all 3- and 4-year-olds.Such classes are already being offered in some areas around the United States, including the U.S. capital, Washington, D.C. 46 , education reformers may want to look to Washington as a role model.Vincent Gray, former mayor of the District of Columbia, wrote the legislation for universal pre-K when he was chairman of the D.C. Council. His 47 gave parents of all children in Washington the choice to begin school at either age 3 or 4. The pre-K programs are not a 48 in the city. Parents can still choose what is best for their family. But many parents are choosing education.However, there are theories that say a child does not need schooling at the age of 3 and 4. If we are looking at test results, Finland 49 the United States and most other countries in mathematics, reading and science. Yet Finnish children do not start school until age 7.Perhaps there is not a one-size-fits-all answer. Perhaps different children need school at different times. Generally, wealthier parents have more 50 resources to help their children. Educated parents —wealthy or not —may know how to use the resources that are available to them. For example, they may take their children to free events at a public library or recreation center. Washington, D.C. also has many museums with free 51 .Perhaps children who grow up with these types of activities don’t need to start attending school at age 3. However, children who are growing up in what Vincent Gray calls socio-economically 52 situations may not have access to such activities. For some families, he says, starting school at age 3 can be a game changer.Pre-kindergarten classes do more than 53 the child. They also bring parents and caregivers into the schools. This point of contact, explains Gray, is a valuable time to educate families.A federal study found that, 54, parent involvement increased with such contacts. But it increased even more among 55 parents. It shows schools offer a place where conversations with these parents can happen.41. A. efficiency B. inequality C. convenience D. independence42. A. critically B. terribly C. firmly D. surprisingly43. A. projects B. actions C. programs D. materials44. A. desired B. pushed C. demanded D. promoted45. A. promise B. potential C. possibility D. proportion46. A. In fact B. For example C. As a result D. On the contrary47. A. figure B. measure C. feature D. portrait48. A. freedom B. option C. requirement D. need49. A. beats B. wins C. conquers D. overcomes50. A. economical B. political C. natural D. financial51. A. permission B. admission C. expression D. impression52. A. rich B. secure C. challenging D. dangerous53. A. support B. entertain C. excite D. educate54. A. generally B. especially C. definitely D. rarely55. A. well-paid B. highly-cultivated C. well-educated D. low-incomeSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Science not always so seriousDid you know that if you attach a weighted stick to the back of a chicken, it walks like a dinosaur?No, you did not know (or care to know) such things, but now you do! Thanks to this year’s winners of the Ig Nobel Prizes! Now in its 25th year, the Ig Nobel is the goofy younger cousin of the honored Nobel Prize. It applauds achievements in the fields of medicine, biology, physics, economics, literature, etc. Every September at Harvard University, awards are presented in 10 categories that change year to year, depending on —according to the organization —what makes the judges “laugh, then think”.The ceremony officially begins when audience members launch paper airplanes at an assigned human target on the stage, then speakers only have 60 seconds to present their research. In previous years, the one-minute rule was imposed by a young girl —nicknamed Miss Sweetie Poo —who would go up to the platform and repeat the words: “Please stop, I’m bored,” in a sharp tone until the speaker left the stage.Fortunately for candidates though, the Ig Informal Lectures are held afterwards on Saturday to give presenters more time to explain the crazy things they’re working on.The research can seem more like the brainchildren of teenage boys than of respectable adults. JustinSchmidt won the physiology Ig for creating the “Sting Pain Index,” which rates the pain people feel after getting stung (蛰) by insects. Smith pressed bees against 25 different parts of his body until they stung him. Five stings a day for 38 days, Smith concluded that the most painful sting locations were the nostril (鼻孔) and the upper lip. Ouch.As silly as they sound, not all of the Ig awards lack scientific applicability. A group of scientists from 12 different countries won in the medicine category for accurately diagnosing patients with appendicitis (阑尾炎) based on an unusual measurement: speed bumps (减速带). They found that patients are more likely to have appendicitis if they report pain during bumpy car rides.All these weird experiments have just one thing in common. They’re improbable. It can be tempting to assume that “improbable” implies more than that —implies bad or good, worthless or valuable, trivial or important. Something improbable can be any of those, or none of them, or all of them, in different ways. And what you don’t expect can be a powerful force for not onlyentertaining science, but also for the boundary-pushing science we call innovation.56. The unde rlined word “goofy” in Paragraph 2 probably means __________.A. timidB. funnyC. gloriousD. warm-hearted57. According to the passage, what can we know about the awarding ceremony of Ig Nobel?A. It is held at a fixed place.B. Candidates should know how to fold paper planes.C. Miss Sweetie Poo is one of the hostesses.D. Ig Informal Lecture gives presenters 60 seconds to finish their speeches.58. The example in Paragraph 6 is used to illustrate that Ig Nobel __________.A. celebrates the diligent work of researchersB. offers another opportunity to those who miss the Nobel PrizesC. serves as a platform for the creative and practical achievementsD. amuses the audience59. Among the four candidates below, who is most likely to win an Ig Nobel?A. A chemist who invents a chemical method to partially un-boil an egg.B. A novelist who criticizes social injustice severely.C. A physicist who studies the origin of the universe.D. An economist who achieves a breakthrough in the study of international trade.(B)All aboard: try these outHere are new card games popular in the Western geek circle that offer much brain work. Give them a try if you fancy testing your limits.MysteriumIn this game, the players are to solve a murder mystery in orderto put rest the soul of a wrongly-accused man who dies in prison.Mysterium allows one player to be the ghost itself, who offershints to other players in the way of “dream cards”. The dream cardswill then lead players to the cards with details about the murderweapon, location and suspects. Figuring out the connections betweenthese elements will help them find the murderer.Playing the ghost can be fun, as Tony Mastrangeli, a gamereviewe r, puts it, “For me, some of the most fun comes from playingthe ghost role. I like steering the ship and handing out cards.”CodenamesCodenames starts players out with cards. Each card bears aword on the front and a secret identity on the reverse. Players aredivided into two teams, red team and blue team. Each team has aleader, or “spymaster”, who owns a map of each hidden identity. It’sthen their job to give out clues so the team members can find theirown spies.Spymasters can only indicate the word on the card following astrict format: a single word followed by a number. For example, ifthe cards bearing “cactus (仙人掌)” and “heat” both belong to thered team, the clue can be “desert, two”. The red team members willthen start discussing the clues and try to find the two cards that relateto “desert”.Pandemic: LegacyIn this game, you and your friends play a team of doctors andscientists, who can help to prevent four deadly diseases from wipingout humanity. This is a cooperative game, which means you and yourteammates either live together or die together.By drawing an instruction card, teammates will be able to move,treat diseases or build a research station. If they draw one of the five“epidemic” (流行病) cards, the city will suffer a disease outbreak. Ifhandled wrong, outbreaks might lead to a chain reaction and causethings to crash down.Pandemic: Legacy requires you to look at the bigger picturebefore making any decisions. Finding the balance between treatingdiseases and seeking more permanent cures is a constant challenge.60. Playing the ghost in Mysterium offers you a lot of fun because __________.A. you can bring the poor man back to lifeB. you can solve the murder mystery by yourselfC. you can dominate the whole gameD. you can select your partners61. In Codenames, what clue may the Spymaster give for the cards bearing “agency”, “climate” and “fountain”?A. “architecture, 3”B. “tourism, 3”C. “location, 3”D. “geology, 3”62. Which of the following is NOT true about Pandemic: Legacy?A. It’s a role-play game.B. Its players need to beat one another.C. It provides fun and mental challenge.D. It calls for carefulness and comprehensive thinking to win the challenge.(C)The MacArthur Foundation late last month announced its latest crop of “genius grants”, and once again you thought maybe, just maybe, this was your year.And why not? These days, we’re all geniuses. We might be “marketing geniuses” or “cooking geniuses” or“TV geniuses”. We have so weakened “genius” that it’s fast joining the company of “natural” and “mindful” (留心), words left inactive through overuse and misuse.Admittedly, the word is tough to nail down. Sometimes we assume genius equivalent to raw intel ligence. But many of humanity’s greatest breakthroughs were achieved by those with only modest IQs.Sometimes we think of the genius as someone extremely knowledgeable, but that definition also falls short. During Albert Einstein’s time, other scientists knew more physics than Einstein did, but history doesn’t remember them. That’s because they didn’t make use of that knowledge the way Einstein did. They weren’t able to, as he put it, “regard old questions from a new angle”.The genius is not a know-it-all but a see-it-all, someone who, working with the material available to all of us, is able to make surprising and useful connections. True genius involves not merely an extra advance, but a conceptual leap. As philosopher Arthur Schopenhauer put it: Talent hits the target no one else can hit; genius hits the target no one else can see.We’ve lost sight of this truth, and too often grant the title of genius on talented people hitting visible targets. A good example is the much-boasted announcement earlier this year that scientists had, for the first time, recorded the sound of two black holes bumping, a billion light-years away. It was a remarkable discovery, no doubt, but it did not represent a dramatic shift in how we understand the universe. It merely con firmed Einstein’s general theory of relativity.As Plato observed, “What is honored in a country is cultivated there.” What do we honor? Digital technology, and the convenience it represents, so naturally we get a Steve Jobs or a Mark Zuckerberg as our “geniuses”, which, in point of fact, they aren’t.The iPhone and Facebook are wonderful inventions. In many ways, they make our lives a bit easier, a bit more convenient. If anything, though, a true genius makes our lives more difficult, more unsettled. Wil liam Shakespeare’s words provide more anxiety than relief, and the world felt a bit more secure before Charles Darwin came along. Zuckerberg and Jobs may have changed our world, but they haven’t yet changedour worldview.We need to recover genius, and a good place to start is by putting the brakes on Genius Flooding.63. The key factor that sets geniuses and talents apart is that __________.A. geniuses have a larger range of knowledgeB. geniuses have access to far more resourcesC. geniuses can see visible targetsD. geniuses approach things differently64. The reasons why people naturally regard Steve Jobs & Mark Zuckerberg as geniuses include all the following EXCEPT that __________.A. their achievements bring people convenienceB. they have extraordinary intelligenceC. they are native to the country where digital technology is highly valuedD. they satisfy people’s needs in the age of high technology65. What can we infer from the passage?A. We should stop the improper use of “natural” and “mindful”.B. The first recording of two black holes bumping each other is a genius breakthrough.C. Charles Darwin is hardly a genius.D. More geniuses remain to be found in our life.66. What is the best title for the passage?A. Get a new word, genius.B. Learn from a new model, genius.C. Join in a new group, genius.D. Make a new friend, genius.Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.5 Fictions about Premium Economy (豪华经济舱)If the sight of your fellow passengers relaxing in premium economy has you filled with envy, you’re not alone. It seems like every airline is providing a few rows of seats that offer just that much more legroom and space. But is it worth the price? Here are five fictions about premium economy class.1. Premium economy is pretty much the same on every airline.“__________ (67)”, says Zach Honig, editor-in-chief of the The Points Guy. Benefits can include anywhere from 5 to 7 inches of extra legroom, a slightly wider seat and slightly more seat recline (向后倚靠). Other conveniences can include adjustable head rests, leg rests on some carriers, larger personal TV screens, power ports and a better level of food. But frankly, nothing is standardized.2. You get a meal and free drinks with a premium economy seat.Not on most domestic flights that offer a semblance (表象) of international service. __________(68). But when it comes to meals, you’ll get a few more bags of free peanuts than they offer in coach and the opportunity to purchase pre-packed in-flight meals before economy-class passengers do.3. There are others benefits, like free Wi-Fi.You might find furrier pillows and larger blankets, but add-ons like in-flight Wi-Fi usually come along with an additional charge. “__________ (69)”, says DiScala of Johnny Jet, who adds, “Some do, so always ask. I made the mist ake of buying Wi-Fi on my SAS flight in June. I later learned that premium passengers get it for free.”4. You get a lot more space.A “lot more space” is very relative. Don’t expect a huge seat, just one that’s somewhat larger than those in economy on t he same aircraft. Honig says that “You can expect to find roughly as much space as you’ll get in the domestic first-class cabin on a U.S. airline, or in JetBlue’s ‘Even More Space’ section. It’s definitely more than you’ll have in coach.”5. __________ (70)“Just as with business class, it’s worth checking the price of premium economy,” says Leff of . “The addition may not be very high. Last weekend, I wrote about premium economy on Virgin Atlantic being cheaper than coach. But it may also be much more expensive. Airfares vary dramatically, and that’s as true for premium economy as it is for coach.”IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.A Father’s Influence Makes for Better GradesAdolescents from low-income families in particular are more likely than their middle-class peers to underachieve and to drop out of school. Studies have shown that a positive attitude towards school work and the support and encouragement from their parents can help at-risk youngsters to overcome the economic barriers and lack of resources they face. Most of the evidence about the effects of parental involvement comes from research on mothers. Little is known, however, about how adolescents experience their fathers’ warmth and the beliefs and behaviors that are most affected by it.This new study is part of a larger one focusing on low-income families conducted in four middle schools in the southwestern United States. Data were analyzed from questionnaires completed by 183 sixth-graders about how optimistic and motivated they were about their schoolwork, and how they experienced their fathers. The questionnaires were completed primarily by respondents of Mexican American, African American and European American descent. Their maths and language arts grades were also obtained.Their findings show how fathers can support their teenagers in ways that result in greater optimism, self-efficacy, and, ultimately, higher achievement at school.These positive effects extend to both sons and daughters, while in different ways. Experiencing their father’s warmth first influences daughters’ sense of optimism, and then spills。
2017---2018学年度高三第三次联考
2017---2018学年度高三第三次联考考生注意：1．本试卷分四部分。
满分1 50分．考试时间120分钟。
2．考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。
超出答题区域书写的答案无效．在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。
3．本试卷命题范围：综合测试．侧重必修⑤。
第一部分听力(共两节．满分30分)做题吼．先将答案标在试卷上。
录音内容结束后．你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节 (共5小题；每小题1．5分，满分7．5分)听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题。
从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话后，你都有l0秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1．What‘s the correct time?A．8：20． B．8：25． C．8：152．Where are the two speakers?A．On a ship． B．On a train． C. On a plane 3．Where is the woman going now’A．Her brother’s office． B．Her own house C. The m arket4．Why can’t the woman go to the party?A．She is sick．B．She has to nurse the patients．C．She has to stay at home．5．What is the problem with her English?A．Her spelling is very poorB．Her speaking is not good．C．Her pronunciation is not good．第二节(共15小题；每小题1．5分．满分22．5分)听下面5段对话或独自。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。
2017-2018学年度宁夏思恩教育12月月考卷学生卷
绝密★启用前|宁夏思恩教育中高考命题中心2017-2018学年度宁夏思恩教育12月月考卷高三数学周末培优卷考试范围：三角函数导数数列解三角形不等式平面向量；考试时间：120分钟；总分300分注意事项：1．答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息2．请将答案正确填写在答题卡上第I卷（选择题100分）相信自己，变则通，通则达，达则兼济天下！1．在等比数列{}中，若=2，=16，则{}的前5项和等于A．30 B．31 C．62 D．642．“”是“2y xx y+≥”的A．充分而不必要条件 B．必要而不充分条件C．充分必要条件 D．既不充分也不必要条件3．设满足约束条件：212xx yx y≤⎧⎪+≥⎨⎪+≤⎩，则的最小值为A．0 B．1 C．2 D．34．如图，已知AB=a，AC=b，3DC BD=，2AE EC=，则DE=A5，若∥a b，则k=A．1- B．1 C．3- D．36．设0,2a b>>，且3a b+=，则212a b+-的最小值是A．6 B．C．．3+7．已知非零向量,a b满足||a,a在b方向上的投影是3||2-b,则a与b的夹角是A．2π3B．π3C．5π6D．π68．在中，若，,则一定是A．钝角三角形 B．正三角形 C．等腰直角三角形 D．非等腰直角三角形9．已知()f x是定义在R上的奇函数，且0x>时，()ln1f x x x=-+，则函数()()e xg x f x=-（e为自然对数的底数）的零点个数是A．0 B．1 C．2 D．310．曲线()32f x x=+在1x=处的切线倾斜角是A11．设函数()()2,,f x ax bx c a b c=++∈R，若函数()e xy f x=（e为自然对数的底数）在1x=-处取得极值，则下列图象不可能为()y f x=的图象的是A BC D12．设实数,x y12xy+的最小值为A C．．13．若()()2f x f x+-=33x x++对x∈R恒成立，则曲线()y f x=在点()()2,2f处的切线方程为A．13150x y-+= B．15130x y-+=C．13150x y--= D．15130x y--=14．中国古代数学著作《算法统综》中有这样一个问题：“三百七十八里关，初步健步不为难，次日脚痛减一半，六朝才得到其关，要见次日行里数，请公仔细算相还”.其大意为：“有一个人走378里路，第一天健步行走，从第二天起脚痛每天走的路程为前一天的一半，走了6天后到达目的地”.则该人第五天走的路程为A．48里 B．24里 C．12里 D．6里15．已知函数())2sin sin 1f x x x x =-+，若()f x ϕ-为偶函数，则ϕ的一个值为A．π2 B ．π3 C ．π4 D ．π616．等差数列{}n a 满足122,3n n a a a +=-=，则2a = A ．5 B ．52C ．72D ．3217．下列函数中，最小正周期为π，且在上为减函数的是 A ．y = sin(2x+B ．y = cos(2x+C ．y = sin(x+D ．y = cos(x+18．已知等差数列{}n a 的前n 项和为nS ，且2718,a a =-则8S =A ．18B ．36C ．54D ．72 19()f x 的图象，则 A ．()sin2f x x =-B ．()f xCD ．()f x 20．已知向量,a b 的夹角为60°，且22=-=||,||a a b||=b A ．2 B ．−2 C ．3 D ．−3第II 卷（非选择题200分）相信自己，努力总是会有回报的!21．已知函数()21sin 22f x x x =．（1）求()f x 的最小正周期和单调递增区间；（2）将函数()f x 的图象上每一点的横坐标伸长到原来的两倍，纵坐标不变，得到函数()g x 的图象．当()g x 的值域．22．设n S 是数列{}n a 的前n 项和，已知13a =，123n n a S +=+()*n ∈N . （1）求数列{}n a 的通项公式；（2）令()21n n b n a =-，求数列{}n b 的前n 项和n T . 23．已知数列{}n a 的前n 项和n S 满足：21n n S a =-. （1）求数列{}n a 的通项公式；（2）设1111n n n n n a a b a a ++=-+-，且数列{}n b 的前n 项和为n T ，求证：13n T <. 24．某钢厂打算租用A ，B 两种型号的火车车皮运输900吨钢材，A ，B 两种车皮的载货量分别为36吨和60吨，租金分别为1.6万元/个和2.4万元/个，钢厂要求租车皮总数不超过21个，且B 型车皮不多于A 型车皮7个，分别用x ，y表示租用A ，B 两种车皮的个数.（1）用x ，y 列出满足条件的数学关系式，并画出相应的平面区域；（2）分别租用A ，B 两种车皮的个数是多少时，才能使得租金最少？并求出此最小租金. 25．已知数列是首项，公比的等比数列．设()*132log 1n n b a n =-∈N．（1）求证：数列{}n b 为等差数列； （2）设2n n n c a b =+，求数列的前项和．26．在ABC △中，角,,A B C 的对边分别为,,a b c ，且满足()()cos 2cos πb A c a B =+-. （1）求角B 的大小；（2）若4b =，ABC △的面积为，求ABC △的周长.27．已知函数()2f x x x =-，()e 1(e xg x ax =--为自然对数的底数）.（1）讨论函数()g x 的单调性；（2）当0x >时，()()f x g x ≤恒成立，求实数a 的取值范围. 28．已知函数()()sin f x x ωϕ=+.（1）求函数()f x 的解析式，并写出()f x 的最小正周期； （2）若在[]0,πx ∈内，方程()()212320a g x ag x ⎡⎤-+-=⎣⎦有且仅有两解，求a 的取值范围．29．已知向量(),cos2m x =a ，()sin 2,x n =b ，设函数()fx =⋅a b ，且()y f x =（1）求,m n 的值；（2）将()y f x =的图象向左平移ϕ（0π<<ϕ）个单位后得到函数()y g x =的图象.若()y g x =的图象上各最高点到点()0,3的距离的最小值为1，求()y g x =的单调增区间.30．已知锐角ABC △中内角,,A B C 所对边的边长分别为,,a b c ，满足226cos a b ab C +=，且.（1）求角C 的值；（2()f x 图象上相邻两最高点间的距离为π，求()f A 的取值范围.31．若等比数列的前项和为,且，，则____________.32．已知数列{}n a 的前n 项和n S 满足：()*21n n S a n =-∈N ，则该数列的第5项等于____________.33．若实数,x y 满足5003x y x y x -+≥⎧⎪+≥⎨⎪≤⎩,则z =的最大值是__________．34．设正数,a b 满足21a b +=，则11a b+的最小值为__________． 35．已知,x y 满足,4,2.y x x y x y k ≥⎧⎪+≤⎨⎪-≥⎩若2z x y =+有最大值8，则实数k 的值为__________．36．设向量a ,b 满足，则⋅a b =_________.37．在ABC △中，角,,A B C 的对边分别为,,a b c ，若::7:8:13a b c =，则C =__________.38．已知集合{|34,}A x x x R =-<<∈，则*A N ⋂中元素的个数为__________．39．命题p ： 0x N ∃∈， 200x x ≥，则该命题的否定是__________．40．给出下列结论： ①集合的子集有 3个； ②函数的值域是；③幂函数图象一定不过第四象限； ④函数的图象过定点；⑤若成立，则的取值范围是．其中正确的序号是________________．41．若不等式x 2﹣2x+3﹣a ＜0成立的一个充分条件是0＜x ＜5，则实数a 的取值范围是_____．42．已知函数f (x )＝3x＋x ，g(x )＝log 3x ＋2，h (x )＝log 3x ＋x 的零点依次为a ，b ，c ，则a ，b ，c 的大小关系是________. 43．设复数z 满足11zi z+=-，则z =__________． 44．若(a ＋b i)(3－4i)＝25 (a ，b ∈R ，i 为虚数单位)，则a ＋b 的值为__________．45．如图所示，程序框图的输出结果是__________46．执行如图所示的程序框图后，输出的结果是__________．（结果用分数表示）。
湖北省恩施州2017-2018学年高三第一次教学质量监测考试文综政治试题
湖北省恩施州2017-2018学年高三第一次教学质量监测考试文科综合政治试题第Ⅰ卷（选择题共140分）本卷共35小题，每小题4分，共140分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。
12.下表为中国人民银行外汇牌价变动情况：不考虑其他因素，下列图示（D1、D2分别代表变动前后）能正确反映汇率变动后我国企业对欧元区国家商品需求变动的是A.B.C.D.13.有媒体载文指出，“80后”“90后”“00后”消费者追求个性、创意、时尚，对价格敏感度不高，更看中互动式消费体验——将产品、品牌的理念特质融入娱乐当中，以娱乐体验拓展产品体验的层次与深度；重视视觉、听觉、触觉、味觉、嗅觉等多重综合感受等。
材料对企业经营的启示是①研究消费心理，充分发掘消费体验潜力②优化企业管理，不断降低企业生产成本③良好的用户体验是提高竞争力的关键④调整经营战略和方向，创造新的消费动力A.①②B.①④C.②③D.③④14.党的十九大报告提出，鼓励勤劳守法致富，扩大中等收入群体。
坚持在经济增长的同时实现居民收入同步增长、在劳动生产率提高的同时实现劳动报酬同步提高。
实施这些举措的积极效应是①健全再分配调节机制，实现收入分配的相对公平②释放消费潜力，发挥消费对经济的拉动作用③倒逼供给体系改革，形成经济增长与居民增收互促共进的良性循环④增加社会总供给，促进经济平稳运行A.①②B.①④C.②③D.③④15.5月2日，商务部发布的《中国再生资源回收行业发展报告2017》显示，截至2016年底我国废钢铁等十大类别的再生资源回收总量约为2. 56亿吨，同比增长3.7%。
主要再生资源品种价格持续走高，同比增长14.7%。
主要再生资源品种价格持续走高的原因可能是①国际商品价格上涨→原材料价格上涨→原材料进口减少→再生资源回收价格上涨②物流业得到发展→物流成本增加→再生资源回收成本增加→再生资源回收价格上涨③我国经济平稳快速发展→资源需求增加→资源供不应求→再生资资回收价格上涨④再生资源回收利润增加→从业人数增加→企业规模扩大→再生资源回收价格上涨A.①②B.①③C.②④D.③④①推进了基层民主政治的发展②促使农村民主管理更加规范透明③改变了村民自治的基础和途径④拓展了村民参与村级管理的权利A.①②B.①④C.②③D.③④17.2017年9月国务院印发的《关于在更大范围推进“证照分离”改革试点工作的意见》强调，各级政府应按照能整合的尽量整合、能简化的尽量简化、该减掉的坚决减掉的原则，全面梳理、分类处理各类涉企证照事项。
2017-2018学年度上学期第一次教学质量检测
2017-2018学年度上学期第一次教学质量检测时长：100分钟满分：120分注意事项：1.本试卷由四个部分组成。
其中，第一、二部分和第三部分的第一节为选择题。
第三部分的第二节和第四部分为非选择题。
2.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
3.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
4.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第I卷第一部分：听力（共20小题，共20分）第一节：(共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分)第一节：听下面 5 段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后, 你将有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1.What’s the most probable relationship between the two spe akers?A. Neighbors.B. Friends.C. A couple.2.What do the two speakers probably think of the young man’s behavior?A. Funny .B. Strange.C. Annoying.3.What will the man buy?A. Meat.B. Vegetable.C. Bread.4.How much change will the man get?A. 50 dollars.B.40 dollars.C. 10 dollars .5.Where will the two speakers probably go?A. Chicago.B. Los AngelesC. Boston.第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）请听第六段材料，回答第6、7题。
2017-2018学年度宁夏思恩教育灵武校区2018年暑期高一升高二入学测试卷-教师版c
与圆 ：
，则两圆的位置关
D. 外切
，由此确定图形为半圆，
，与半径的和差的绝对值比较得出结论。 , ，所以内切。
点睛：几何图像中要注意与方程式是一一对应，故方程的中未知数的的取值 范围对应到图形中的坐标的取值范围。
点睛：两圆的位置关系判断如下：设圆心距为 （本题 5 分）直线 6． 与直线 垂直，则 的值为（ ） 则：
，半径分别为
，页
…………○…………外…………○…………装…………○…………订…………○…………线…………○…………
※※请※※不※※要※※在※※装※※订※※线※※内※※答※※题※※
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（本题 5 分） 下列函数中,既是偶函数又在区间 9．
A. 【答案】C
B.
C.
D.
点睛：本题主要考查解一元二次不等式，集合的子集的定义，属于容易题，
第 5页 共 20页 ◎ 第 6页 共 20页
…………○…………内…………○…………装…………○…………订…………○…………线…………○…………
【答案】D 【解析】分析：利用两条直线垂直的充要条件，建立方程，即可求出 a 的值． 详解：∵直线 ax+2y﹣1=0 与直线 2x﹣3y﹣1=0 垂直，
可求出倾斜角。 ，故选 A。 求出倾斜
∴2a+2×（﹣3）=0 解得 a=3 故选：D． 点睛： 本题考查直线的一般式方程与直线的垂直关系的应用， 考查计算能力， 属于基础题．
点睛：求倾斜角往往用斜截式，已知斜率与倾斜角的关系： 角即可。 （本题 5 分）方程 5． A. 两个半圆 【答案】D 【解析】分析：其中 详解：根据题意， 故选 D ，再两边同时平方 ，再两边同时平方 B. 两个圆 表示的图形是（ C. 圆 D. 半圆 ）
精品解析：湖北省恩施州2017-2018学年高三第一次教学质量监测考试理科数学(解析版)
湖北省恩施州2017-2018学年高三第一次教学质量监测考试理科数学第Ⅰ卷（共60分）一、选择题：本大题共12个小题,每小题5分,共60分.在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的.1. 已知集合，，若，则的取值范围是（）A. B. C. D.【答案】B【解析】，由题设有，所以，解得，选B.2. 已知为虚数单位，复数满足，且，则（）A. 2或B.C. 2D.【答案】A【解析】，所以，解得或，选A.3. 某城市收集并整理了该市2017年1月份至10月份各月最低气温与最高气温（单位：）的数据，绘制了下面的折线图。
已知该市的各月最低气温与最高气温具有较好的线性关系，则根据该折线图，下列结论错误的是（）A. 最低气温与最高气温为正相关B. 10月的最高气温不低于5月的最高气温C. 月温差（最高气温减最低气温）的最大值出现在1月D. 最低气温低于的月份有4个【答案】 D【解析】由图可以看出，当最低气温较大时，最高气温也较大，故A正确；10月份的最高气温大于20，而5月份的最高气温为不超过20，故B正确；从各月的温差看，1月份的温差最大，故C正确；而最低气温低于的月份是1，2，4三月份，故D错，选 D.4. 已知等差数列的前项和为，公差，且，则（）A. B. C. D.【答案】C【解析】因为，所以，所以，解得或（舎），所以，选C.5. 《九章算术》是我国古代内容极为丰富的数学名著，书中有如下问题:“今有阳马，广五尺，褒七尺，高八尺，问积几何? ”其意思为:“今有底面为矩形，一侧棱垂直于底面的四棱锥，它的底面长、宽分别为7尺和5尺，高为8尺，问它的体积是多少?”若以上的条件不变，则这个四棱锥的外接球的表面积为（）A. 平方尺 B. 平方尺 C. 平方尺 D. 平方尺【答案】C【解析】可以把该四棱锥补成一个长方体，长、宽分别为7尺和5尺，高为8尺，四棱锥的外接球就是长方体的外接球，其直径为尺，表面积为平方尺.6. 定义表示不超过的最大整数，，例如，执行如图所示的程序框图，若输入的，则输出的（）A. B. C. D.【答案】 D【解析】第一次执行循环体后，，，经过判断后，，第二次执行循环体后，，，经过判断后，，第三次执行循环体后，，，此时判断后不执行循环，，选D. 7. 已知函数的最小正周期为，且其图象向右平移个单位后得到函数的图象，则（）A. B. C. D.【答案】A【解析】因为最小正周期为，所以，向右平移后所得图像的解析式为，由题设应有，所以也即是，又，所以，选A.学,科,网...学,科,网...学,科,网...学,科,网...学,科,网...学,科,网...学,科,网...8. 设满足约束条件则的最大值为（）A. B. 3 C. 9 D. 12【答案】C【解析】可行域如图所示，当动直线过时，有最大值，又，所以的最大值为,选C.。
2017—2018学年高三上学期考试
2017—2018学年高三上学期考试注意事项：本试卷共10页，包括四部分。
其中第一部分，第二部分，和第三部分为选择题，包括60个小题，第四部分为非选择题。
考试时间为120分钟，总分150分。
答题前请仔细阅读答题卡上的“注意事项”，按照“注意事项”的规定答题。
所有题目均需在答题卡上作答，在试卷和草稿纸上作答无效。
做选择题时，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。
第Ⅰ卷第一部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑.AElectric Underground7:30pm—1:00am Free at the Cyclops TheatreDo you know who's playing in your area? We're bringing you an exciting evening of live rock and pop music from the best l ocal bands. Are you interested in becoming a musician and getting a recording contract(合同)? If so, come early to the talk at 7:30pm by Jules Skye, a s uccessful record producer. He's going to talk about how you c an find the right person to produce your music.Gee _Whizz8:30pm—10:30pm Comedy at KaleidoscopeCome and see Gee Whizz perform. He's the funniest standup comedian on the comedy scene. This joyful show will please everyone, from the youngest to the oldest. Gee Whizz really k nows how to make you laugh! Our bar is open from 7.00pm fo r drinks and snacks (快餐)．Simon's _Workshop5:00pm—7:30pm Wednesdays at Victoria StageThis is a good chance for anyone who wants to learn how to d o comedy. The workshop looks at every kind of comedy, and practices many different ways of making people laugh. Simon is a comedian and actor who has 10 years' experience of teac hing comedy. His workshops are exciting and fun. An evening with Simon will give you the confidence to be funny._Stone8:00pm—11:00pm Pizza WorldFine food with beautiful jazz music, this is a great evening out.Charlotte Stone will perform songs from her new bestselling CD, with James Pickering on the piano. The menu is Italian, w ith excellent meat and fresh fish, pizzas and pasta (面食)．Book early to get a table. Our bar is open all day, and se rves cocktails, coffee, beer, and white wine.21．When will Charlotte Stone perform her songs?A．5:00pm—7:30pm. B．7:30pm—1:00am.C．8:00pm—11:00pm. D．8:30pm—10:30pm.22．What do we know about Simon's Workshop?A．It requires membership status.B．It lasts three hours each time.C．It is run by a comedy club.D．It is held every Wednesday.23．At which place can people of different ages enjoy a good laugh?A．The Cyclops Theatre. B．Kaleidoscope.C．Victoria Stage. D．Pizza World.24．Who can help you if you want to have your music produc ed?A．Jules Skye. B．Gee Whizz.C．Charlotte Stone. D．James Pickering.BFive years ago, when I taught art at a school in , I used Tin ker toys as a test at the beginning of a term to find out someth ing about my students. I put a small set of Tinker toys in front of each student, and said：“Make something out of the Tinker toys. You have 45 minutes today—and 45 minutes each day for the rest of the week.”A few students hesitated to start. They waited to see what t he rest of the class would do. Several others checked the inst ructions and made something according to one of the model p lans provided. Another group built something out of their own i maginations.Once I had a boy who worked experimentally with Tinker to ys in his free time. His constructions filled a shelf in the art cla ssroom and a good part of his bedroom at home. I was delight ed at the presence of such a student. Here was an exceptiona lly creative mind at work. His presence meant that I had an un expected teaching assistant in class whose creativity would in fect (感染) other students.Encouraging this kind of thinking has a downside. I ran the risk of losing those students who had a different style of thinki ng. Without fail one would declare, “But I'm just not creative.”“Do you dream at night when you're asleep？”“Oh,sure.”“So tell me one of your most interesting dreams.” The stude nt would tell something wildly imaginative. Flying in the sky or in a time machine or growing three heads. “That's pretty creati ve. Who does that for you？”“Nobody. I do it.”“Really—at night, when you're asleep？”“Sure.”“Try doing it in the daytime, in class, okay？”25．Why did the teacher ask the students to talk about their d reams?A．To help them to see their creativity.B．To find out about their sleeping habits.C．To help them to improve their memory.D．To find out about their ways of thinking.26．What does the underlined word “downside” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?A．Mistake. B．Drawback.C．Difficulty. D．Burden.27. What do we know about the boy mentioned in Paragraph 3?A．He liked to help his teacher.B．He preferred to study alone.C．He was active in class.D．He was imaginative.28．The teacher used Tinker toys in class in order to________ .A．know more about the studentsB．make the lessons more excitingC．raise the students' interest in artD．teach the students about toy designCMy color television has given me nothing but a headache. I w as able to buy it a little over a year ago because I had my rela tives give me money for my birthday instead of a lot of clothes that wouldn't fit. I let a salesclerk fool me into buying a discon tinued model. I realized this a day later, when I saw newspap er advertisements for the set at seventy five dollars less than I had paid. The set worked so beautifully when I first got it hom e that I would keep it on until stations signed off for the night. Fortunately, I didn't get any channels showing all night moviesor I would never have gotten to bed.Then I started developing a problem with the set that involved static(静电)noise. For some reason, when certain shows switched into a commercial, a loud noise would sound for a few seconds. Gradually, this noise began to appear during a show, and to g et rid of it, I had to change to another channel and then chang e it back. Sometimes this technique would not work, and I had to pick up the set and shake it to remove the sound. I actually began to build up my arm muscles(肌肉)shaking my set. When neither of these methods removed the static noise, I wo uld sit helplessly and wait for the noise to go away. At last I en ded up hitting the set with my fist, and it stopped working alto gether. My trip to the repair shop cost me $62, and the set is working well now, but I keep expecting more trouble.29．Why did the author say he was fooled into buying the TV set?A．He got an older model than he had expected.B．He couldn't return it when it was broken.C．He could have bought it at a lower price.D．He failed to find any movie shows on it.30．Which of the following can best replace the phrase “signe d off” in Paragraph 1?A．ended all their programs B．provided fewer channel sC．changed to commercials D．showed all night movie s31．How did the author finally get his TV set working again? A．By shaking and hitting it. B．By turning it on and off. C．By switching channels. D．By having it repaired. 32．How does the author sound when telling the story? A．Curious. B．Anxious.C．Cautious. D．Humorous.DYour house may have an effect on your figure. Experts say th e way you design your home could play a role in whether you pack on the pounds or keep them off. You can make your env ironment work for you instead of against you. Here are some ways to turn your home into part of your diet plan.Open the curtains and turn up the lights. Dark environments a re more likely to encourage overeating, for people are often le ss self-conscious(难为情)when they're in poorly lit places—and so more likely to eat lots of food. If your home doesn't have enough window light, get more lamps and flood the place with brightnessMind the colors. Research suggests warm colors fuel our app etites. In one study, people who ate meals in a blue room con sumed 33 percent less than those in a yellow or red room. Wa rm colors like yellow make food appear more appetizing, whil e cold colors make us feel less hungry. So when it's time to re paint, go blue.Don't forget the clock—or the radio. People who eat slowly tend to consume about 70 fewer calories(卡路里)per meal than those who rush through their meals. Begin k eeping track of the time, and try to make dinner last at least 3 0 minutes. And while you're at it, actually sit down to eat. If yo u need some help slowing down, turn on relaxing music. It ma kes you less likely to rush through a meal.Downsize the dishes. Big serving bowls and plates can easily make us fat. We eat about 22 percent more when using a 12i nch plate instead of a 10inch plate. When we choose a large spoon over a smaller one total intake(摄入)jumps by 14 percent. And we'll pour about 30 percent mor e liquid into a short, wide glass than a tall, skinny glass.33. The text is especially helpful for those who care about ___ _____.A．their home comforts B．their body shapeC．house buying D．healthy diets34. A home environment in blue can help people ________. A．digest food better B．reduce food intakeC．burn more calories D．regain their appetites35. What are people advised to do at mealtimes?A．Eat quickly. B．Play fast music.C．Use smaller spoons. D．Turn down the lights.第二节(共5小题；每小题2分,满分10分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项.选项中有两项为多余选项.EA garden that's just right for youHave you ever visited a garden that seemed just right for you, where the atmosphere of the garden appeared to total more t han the sum (总和) of its parts? __36__.But it doesn't happen by accident. It st arts with looking inside yourself and understanding who you are with respect to the natural world and how you approach the gardening process.● _37 __Some people may think that a garden is no more than plants, flowers, patterns and masses of color. Others are concerned about using gardening methods that require less water and fe wer fertilizers (肥料)．__38__.However, there are a number of other reasons th at might explain why you want to garden. One of them comes from our earliest years.● Recall (回忆) your childhood memoriesOur model of what a garden should be often goes back to chil dhood. Grandma's rose garden and Dad's vegetable garden might be good or bad, but that's not what's important. __39__ —how being in those gardens made us feel. If you'd like to build a powerful bond with your garden, start by taking some time t o recall the gardens of your youth.__40__.Then go outside an d work out a plan to translate your childhood memories into y our grownup garden. Have fun.A．Know why you gardenB．Find a good place for your own gardenC．It's our experience of the garden that mattersD．It's delightful to see so many beautiful flowersE．Still others may simply enjoy being outdoors and close to plantsF．You can produce that kind of magical quality in your own g arden, tooG．For each of those gardens, write down the strongest mem ory you have第二部分英语知识运用(共两节,满分45分)第一节完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分,满分30分)阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑. As a general rule, all forms of activity lead to boredom when t hey are performed on a routine(常规)basis. As a matter of fact, we can see this 41 at work in p eople of all 42 . For example, on Christmas morning, childre n are excited about 43 with their new toys. But their 44 so on wears off and by January those 45 toys can be found pu t away in the basement. The world is full of 46 stamp albums and unfinished models, each standing as a monument to so meone’s 47 interest.When parents bring home a pet, their child 48 bathes it and brushes its fur. Within a short time, however, the 49 of carin g for the animal is handed over to the parents. Adolescents e nter high school with great 50 but are soon looking forward t o 51 . The same is true of the young adults going to college . And then, how many 52 , who now complain (抱怨) about the long drives to work, 53 drove for hours at a tim e when they first 54 their driver’s license (执照)? Before people retire, they usually 55 to do a lot of 56 t hings, which they never had 57 to do while working. But 58 after retirement, the golfing, the fishing, the reading and all o f the other pastimes become as boring as the jobs they 59 . And like the child in January, they go searching for new 60 .41. A. principle B. habit C. weakerD. power42. A. parties B. races C. countriesD. ages43. A. working B. living C. playingD. going44. A. confidence B. interest C. anxietyD. sorrow45. A. same B. extra C. funnyD. expensive46. A. well-organized B.colorfully-printed C. newly- collected D. half-filled47. A. broad B. passing C. differen t D. main48. A. silently B.impatiently C. gladlyD. worriedly49. A. promise B.burden C. right D. game50. A. courage B.calmness C. confusionD. excitement51. A. graduation B.independence C. responsibilityD. success52. A. children B.students C. adultsD. retirees53. A. carefully B. eagerly C. nervouslyD. bravely54. A. requiredB.obtainedC. noticedD. discovered55. A. need B.learn C. startD. plan56. A. great B. strong C. difficultD. correct57. A. time B.money C. skillsD. knowledge58. A. only B. well C. evenD. soon.59. A. lost B. chose C. left D. quit60. A. pets B. toys C. friendsD. colleagues第二节语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式.Are you facing a situation that looks impossible to fix? In 1969 ,the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River Clevelan d, Ohio. It 61______（be）unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up. The river was s o polluted that it 62____ (actual)caught fire and burned. Now, years later, this river is one of 63_____most outstanding exam ples of environmental cleanup.But the river wasn’t changed in a few days 64____even a fe w months. It took years of work 65_____(reduce) the industrial pollution and clean the water. Finally, that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is 66_____(clean) than ever.Maybe you are facing an impossible situation. Maybe you l eave a habit 67____is driving your family crazy. Possibly you drink too much or don’t know how to control your credit card u se. When you face such an impossible situation, don’t you wa nt a quick fix and something to change immediately?While there are 68_____(amaze) stories of instant transform ation, for most of us the 69_____(change) are gradual and req uire a lot of effort and work, like cleaning up a polluted river. J ust be 70 (patience) .第II卷第三部分写作(共两节,满分35分)第一节短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分,满分10分)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文.文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处.每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改.增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词.删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉.修改：在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词.注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2．只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分.My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I live. Though not very big, but the restaurant is popular in our area. It is always crowded with customers at meal times. Some people even had to wait outside. My uncle tells me that the key to his success is honest. Every day he makes sure that fresh vegeta bles or high quality oil are using for cooking. My uncle says th at he never dreams becoming rich in the short period of time. Instead, he hopes that our business will grow steady.第二节书面表达(满分25分)假定你是李华,计划和同学去敬老院(nursing home)陪老人们过重阳节(the Double Ninth Festival).请给外教露西写封邮件,邀她一同前往,内容包括：1．出发及返回时间；2．活动：包饺子、表演节目等.注意：1．词数100左右；2．可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯；3．结语已为你写好.Dear Lucy,______________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ________________Looking forward to your reply.Yours,Li Hua2017—2018学年高三上学期考试注意事项：本试卷共10页，包括四部分。
2017-2018学年度第一学期高三第一次考试
2017-2018学年度第一学期高三第一次考试答题时间：120分钟，满分：150分第一部分：阅读理解（共20小题，每小题3分，满分60分）第一节（共15小题，每小题3分，满分45分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项ARoma Pass Kit (套装) enables both tourists and interested local residents the op portunity to benefit from various discounts and services that m ake it easier and cheaper to enjoy the sights of Rome．Free entry to the first 2 visited museums and / or archaeolo gical sites of your choice．Concessionary(优惠的)ticket to all other museums and / or archaeological sites vis ited thereafter．Free use of the city’s public transport network．Valid until midnight of the third day inclusive that of the first validation for ATAC public transport within the territory of the Municipality o f Rome．Discounted tickets to exhibitions，events and other cooperating operators and businesses (Rom a Pass Guide)．Tourist cultural services Roma Passè．At the Colosseum a reserved turnstile(旋转栅门) is available for Roma Pass holders to get direct access to the monument．In the kit：The Roma Pass card：the card used to visit museums / archaeological sites and on t he public transport system as described above．Roma MAP：A map with all the Tourist Information Points，Metro stations，museums and other sites of interest；Roma Pass Guide：the list of under agreement museums ／sites．and the list of all the partners of the Roma Pass which offer discounts to card holders；Roma Passè：the card with the App activation code to download the best of the city．How to use it：The overleaf(背面的)form must be filled with name，surname and validation date．The card is valid for three days and is activated at the timeof the first entry to the museums／sites，and／or at the first journey on public transport，up until midnight of the third day, including the day of the activ ation．It must be produced along with your identity papers when r equired by the staff in charge．Please note that most museums generally are closed on M ondays (with the exception of the Colosseum and the Baths of Caracalla)．Almost all the museums normally are closed on December 25 , January l and May l too．We advise you to ch eck in advance．1．With Roma Pass you can enjoy __________．A．reserved access to 2 sitesB．free entry to any museumsC．free use of ATAC within ItalyD．discounts for certain exhibitions2．When using the Roma Pass card，you must bring your __________．A．activation code B．ID documentC．purchase receipt D．Roma Pass Guide3．Where will you possibly find the passage?A．In a tourist guide． B. In a history textbook．C．On a transport notice． D. On a shopping list．4．What can we learn from the passage?A．The Roma Pass card is valid for at least 72 hours．B．The Colosseum is not open to the public on Mondays． C．Only foreign tourists are qualified to buy the Roma Pass ．D．You’d better avoid visiting Roma museums at Christmas ．BAre traditional fairytales good all the time? Recent research f ound one in five parents have abandoned those old classics s uch as Snow White and the Seven Dwarves and Hansel and Gretel and they’re in favor of more modern books.One third of parents said their children have been left in tears after hearing the terrible details of Little Red Riding Hood. The survey of 2,000 adults was carried out to mark the launch of t he hit US drama GRIMM, which starts tonight at 9:00 pm on Watch, and sees six series based on traditional fairytales. The research found a quarter of parents wouldn’t consider readin g a fairytale to their child until they had reached the age of fiv e, as they cause too many awkward questions. And 52 perce nt of the parents said Cinderella didn’t send a good message t o their children as it portrays (描绘) a young woman doing housework all day. Similarly, Goldilocks and the Three Bears was also a tale likely to be left on th e book shelf as parents felt it condones (宽恕) stealing.Steve Hornsey, General Manager of Watch, said: “Bedtime st ories are supposed to relax the children and send them off to sleep soundly. But as we see in GRIMM, fairytales can be dar k and dramatic tales so it’s understandable that parents worry about reading them to young children. As adults we can see t he innocence in fairytales, but a five-year-old with an over active imagination could think they are true. Despite the dark nature of classic fairytales, as we see in GRI MM, good will defeat evil and there is always a moral to the st ory.”Though half of parents said traditional tales are more likely to have a strong moral message than a lot of modern kids’ book s, two thirds of mums and dads said they were no longer appr opriate to soothe youngsters before bed. On the contrary, the y might give their children nightmares.5. Why aren’t some traditional fairytales read by parents to chi ldren?A. They are forbidden to read according to the rules.B. They are difficult for their children to understand.C. They are too scary for their young children to hear.D. They don’t have any strong moral messages in them.6. Which of the traditional fairytales tells one can get away with stealing?A. Snow White and the Seven Dwarves.B. Little Red Ridi ng Hood.C. Goldilocks and the Three Bears.D. Hansel and Gr etel.7. What’s the author’s attitude towards traditional fairytales?A. Objective.B. Supporting.C. Disapproving.D. Doubtf ul.8. The underlined word “soothe” in the last paragraph means “_______”.A. surpriseB. astonishC. stressD. comfortCMost people don't notice I'm polite, which is the point. I am big and look less energetic. Still, every year or so, someone t akes me aside and says, “You actually are polite, aren’t you?” I'm always thrilled. They noticed. That's the thing. When we t alk about politeness, we usually think of please; thank you; I li ke your hat; etc. AW we need to do is to hear, not to notice.When I was in high school, I read etiquette manuals (手册) . No one noticed my politeness except for one kid. He yelled at me about it. “It's strange that you are always so polite,”he said. I took that as praise and made a note to hide my polit eness further. Real politeness, I believed, was invisible(看不见的) . It adapted itself to the situation.Politeness leaves doors open. I’ve met so many people who m, if I had trusted my first impressions, I would never have wa nted to meet again. Yet many of them are now great friends. One of those people is my wife. On our first date, she told me in detail that she had an operation to remove a cyst (瘤) from her body. Of course, it killed the chemistry. But when I walked her home, I told her I'd had a great time. We talked a little aft er that. I kept everything pleasant and brief. Much later, I lear ned that she’d been having a very bad day in a very bad year. People silently suffer from all kinds of terrible things. The g ood thing about politeness is you can regard these people ex actly the same and wait to see what happens. You don't have to have an opinion. You don't need to make a judgment.Last week, my two-year-old son, Abraham met a foreign woman in the playground. Ou t of curiosity, I suppose, he asked, “What's your name?” The woman told him. Then he put out his little hand and said, “Nic e to meet you!” Everyone laughed and he smiled. He shared with her his firmest handshake, like I taught him.9.Why do many people think the author is impoliteA. Because he doesn't look politeB. Because he doesn't say polite wordsC. Because he doesn't listen to others politelyD. Because he doesn't behave politely towards strangers10. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to ?A. The author's good manners.B. The author's strange behavior.C. The author always making notes.D. The author reading etiquette manuals.11. What can we learn about politeness according to Paragra ph 3 ?A. keep everything pleasantB. help people make friendsC. be good for people's healthD. give people second chancesDYou get anxious if there’s no wi-fi in the hotel or mobile phone signal up the mountain. You fee l upset if your phone is getting low on power, and you secretlyworry things will go wrong at work if you’re not there. All thes e can be called “always on” stress caused by smart phone ad diction.For some people, smart phones have liberated them from the nine-to-five work. Flexible working has given them more autonomy(自主权) in their working lives and enabled them to spend more tim e with their friends and families. For many others though, sma rt phones have become tyrants (暴君) in their pockets, never allowing them to turn them off, rela x and recharge their batteries.Pittsburgh-based developer Kevin Holesh was worried about how much he was ignoring his family and friends in favor of his iPhone. So he developed an app — Moment — to monitor his usage. The app enables users to see how much time they’re spendin g on the device and set up warnings if the usage limits are bre ached (突破). “Moment’s goal is to promote balance in your life,” his we bsite explains. “Some time on your phone, some time off it enj oying your loving family and friends around you.”Dr Christine Grant, an occupational psychologist at CoventryUniversity, said, “The effects of this ‘always on’ culture are tha t your mind is never resting, and you’re not giving your body ti me to recover, so yo u’re always stressed. And the more tired and stressed we get, the more mistakes we make. Physical a nd mental health can suffer.”And as the number of connected smart phones is increasing, so is the amount of data. This is leading to a sort of decision p aralysis (瘫痪) and is creating more stress in the workplace because peo ple have to receive a broader range of data and communicati ons which are often difficult to manage. “It actually makes it m ore difficult to make decisions and many do less because they ’re controlled by it all and feel they can never escape the offic e,” said Dr Christine Grant.12. What’s the first paragraph mainly about?A. The popularity of smart phones.B. The progress of mod ern technology.C. The signs of “always on” stress.D. The cause of smart ph one addiction.13. Kevin Holesh developed Moment to __________.A. research how people use their mobile phonesB. help people control their use of mobile phonesC. make people better use mobile phonesD. increase the fun of using mobile phones14. What’s Dr Christine Grant’s attitude towards “always on” c ulture?A. Confused.B. Positive.C. Doubtful.D. Critical.15. According to the last paragraph, a greater amount of data means __________.A. we will become less productiveB. we can make a decisi on more quicklyC. we will be equipped with more knowledgeD. we can work more effectivelyE第二节（共5小题，每小题3分，共15分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项How to Build Healthy Interpersonal RelationshipHuman beings are social creatures and thrive(茁壮成长) in relationships with others. A healthy part to be a well-rounded, happy individual is engaging in healthy relationships with others. These friendships can provide safe environments in which individuals can thrive and help promote general well-being. __16__1．Know your worth.One of the first steps in building healthy interpersonal relation ships is understanding one's value. When an individual is awa re of and treasures what he or she has, the building of relation ships can be founded on that knowledge. __17__. Everyone h as talents. When this worth is discovered, a person can then make use of these skills in approaching interpersonal relation ships. If someone is a good listener, showing how to develop t his skill can attract relationships with individuals who have a n eed for this talent.2．Recognize the value of others.__18__ In a healthy interpersonal relationships, both parties s hould be respected and feel as if they are valued in the friend ship. When contributions to the relationship become one－sided, the relationship will move from healthy to unhealthy. 3．__19__Another way to build healthy relationships is to make friends with someone who shares the same value systems and lifesty les. Knowing that a friend will not request something from an i ndividual will help to foster trust in the relationship. __20__The relationship can grow on this familiarity. Trust can also devel op from these similarities and go a long way in fostering a hea lthy friendship.A. Everyone has worthB. Be true to yourself.C. Seek out individuals with similar value systems.D. A healthy interpersonal relationship cannot be built on dish onesty.E. Also, having the same lifestyle can provide a link of familiar ity.F. Here are some tips to build healthy interpersonal relationsh ips.G. Along with understanding one's worth is recognizing and u nderstanding the worth of others.第二部分完形填空（每空2分。
思恩教育灵武校区2017-2018学年度寒假春季班高一结业测教师版(1V1)
A.光由一点向外散射形成的投影，叫作中心投影
B.在一束平行光线照射下形成的投影，叫作平行投影
C.空间几何体的三视图是用中心投影的方法得到的
D.在平行投影之下，与投影面平行的平面图形留下的影子，与这个平面图形的形状和大小是完全相同的
【答案】C
【解析】空间几何体的三视图是在平行投影下得到的，故C中说法不正确．
侧面积 .
本题选择D选项.
11．某同学制作了一个对面图案均相同的正方形礼品盒，如图所示，则这个正方体礼品盒的表面展开图应该为(对面是相同的图案)( )
A. B. C. D.
【答案】A
【解析】其展开图是沿盒子的棱剪开，无论从哪个棱剪开，剪开的相邻面在展开在图中可以不相邻，但未剪开的相邻面在展开图中一定相邻，又相同的图案是盒子相对的面，展开后绝不能相邻．故选A.
当 时，函数 为增函数，故排除
故选A
点睛：函数图象的识辨可从以下方面入手：(1)从函数的定义域，判断图象的左右位置；从函数的值域，判断图象的上下位置；(2)从函数的单调性，判断图象的变化趋势；(3)从函数的奇偶性，判断图象的对称性；(4)从函数的特征点，排除不合要求的图象．利用上述方法排除、筛选选项．
本题选择C选项.
第II卷（非选择题，共90分）
请点击修改第II卷的文字说明
二、解答题（每小题10分，共计70分）
13．给出下列说法：
①圆柱的母线与它的轴可以不平行；
②圆锥的顶点、圆锥底面圆周上任意一点及底面圆的圆心三点的连线，都可以构成直角三角形；
③在圆台的上、下两底面圆周上各取一点，则这两点的连线是圆台的母线；
（2）解题中要了解原图形面积S与其直观图面积S′之间的关系 ，并能利用这一结论进行相关问题的计算．
2017—2018学年普通高中高三第一次教学质量检测
2017—2018学年普通高中高三第一次教学质量检测注意事项：1．答题前，务必在答题卷规定的地方填写自己的姓名、考号和座位号。
2．答第Ⅰ卷时，每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卷上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；答第Ⅱ卷时，必须使用0．5毫米的黑色墨水签字笔在答题卷上书写，要求字体工整，笔迹清晰。
在指定的答题区域作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上答题无效。
3．满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
第Ⅰ卷（选择题，共100分）第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1．5分，满分7．5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1. When will the woman be back?A. Before five.B. Before six.C. Before seven.2. What does the woman mean?A. She will find another partner.B. The man should not give up.C. The man will be a supersta r.3. Where did the man see the keys?A. In the handbag.B. In the library.C. In the hall.4. Who is the man?A. The woman’s husband.B. A salesperson.C. A ser vice engineer.5. What can we learn from the man?A. He has a few close friends.B. He lives close to Peter.C. He settled here not long ago.第二节（共15小题；每小题1．5分，满分22．5分）听下面5段对话或独白。
2017-2018年高考高三数学第一次模拟试题：函数08Word版含答案
函数12、科学研究表示：一般状况下，在一节40 分钟的课中，学生的注意力随教师授课的时间变化而变化。
开始上课时，学生的注意力逐渐加强，随后学生的注意力开始分别。
经过实验分析，得出学生的注意力指数y 随时间x（分钟）的变化规律为：2x 68, 0 x 8y f (x)1 ( x2 32x 480),8 x 408（ 1）假如学生的注意力指数不低于80，称为“理想听课状态” ，则在一节40 分钟的课中学生处于“理想听课状态”所连续的时间有多长？（精准到 1 分钟）（ 2）现有一道数学压轴题，教师一定连续解说24 分钟，为了使成效更好，要修业生的注意力指数在这24 分钟内的最低值达到最大，那么，教师上课后从第几分钟开始解说这道题？（精确到 1 分钟）【答案】（ 1）因为学生的注意力指数不低于80，即y80当 0 x 8 时，由 2x 68 80 得 6 x 8 ；,,,, 2 分当 8 x 40 时，由 1 ( x2 32x 480) 80得8 x 16 4 6 ；,,,, 2 分8因此 x 6,16 46，16 46 6 10 46 20故学生处于“理想听课状态”所连续的时间有20 分钟,,,,, 3 分（ 2）设教师上课后从第t 分钟开始解说这道题，因为10 4 624 因此 t 0,6 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 2 分要学生的注意力指数最低值达到最大，只要 f (t ) f (t 24)即 2t 68 1[( t 24) 2 32(t 24) 480] ,,,,,,,,,,, 2 分8解得 t 8 6 16 4 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 2 分因此，教师上课后从第 4 分钟开始解说这道题，能使学生的注意力指数最低值达到最大,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 1 分13、已知函数f ( x) log a 1 x(0 a 1) 1x（1）求函数f ( x)的定义域D，并判断f ( x)的奇偶性；（ 2）用定义证明函数 f ( x) 在 D 上是增函数；（ 3）假如当x(t, a) 时，函数 f ( x) 的值域是,1 ，求 a 与 t 的值【答案】（ 1）令1x 0 ，解得 1 x 1,D1,1,,,,, 2 分1 x1 x 1 x11 x对随意 x D , f ( x) log a log a log a1 x 1 x 1f (x) x因此函数 f ( x) 是奇函数,,,,, 2 分另证：对随意 x D , f ( x) f (x) log a 1 x log a 1 x log a 1 01 x 1 x因此函数 f ( x) 是奇函数,,,,,,,,,, 2 分（2）设 x1 , x2( 1,1),且x1x2，f (x1) f (x2 ) log a 1 x1 loga 1 x2 log a (1x1 1x2 )loga 1 x1 x2 ( x2 x1)1 x1 1 x2 1 x1 1 x2 1 x1x2 ( x2 x1),,,, 2 分∴ 1 x1 x2( x2x1 ) [1 x1x2(x2x1)] 2( x2x1 )0∴ 1 x1 x2( x2x1 ) [1 x1 x2( x2x1 )]0∴ 1x1 x2 ( x2 x1 ) ∵ 0 a 1 ∴ 1 x1x2 (x2 x1) ,,,2分1 x1 x2 ( x2 x1 ) 1loga 1 x1x2 (x2 x1) 0∴ f ( x1 ) f ( x2 ) 0 ，∴ f ( x1 ) f ( x2 )因此函数 f ( x) 在D上是增函数,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 2 分（3）由（ 2）知，函数 f ( x)在1,1 上是增函数，又因为 x (t , a) 时， f ( x) 的值域是,1 ，因此 (t, a) ( 1,1)且 g ( x) 1 x在 (t, a) 的值域是 ( a, ) ，,,,,,2分1 x1 a1（联合 g( x) 图像易得 t 1 ）,,,,,,, 2 分故 g( a) a 且 t1 aa2 a 1 a 解得 a 2 1（ 2 1舍去）因此 a 2 1，t 1 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 2 分14、已知二次函数 f x ax2 a 1 x a 。
育才高三一模
育才高三一模2017—2018学年度高三年级第一次模拟考试英语科试卷命题人：高三英语组校对人：高三英语组第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1. On which day doesn't the woman like to go to the zoo?A. Friday.B. Sunday.C. Saturday.2. What does the man mean?A. He is used to wearing no hat.B. The weather is going to be fine.C. He is not afraid of being done harm to.3. How many children are there in the classroom?A. Seven.B. Five.C. Twelve.4. Where does the conversation take place?A. At a restaurant.B. At the theatre.C. At the station.5. What will the man have to do?A. To take his luggage with him.B. To paint the room.C. To change for a new room.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
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第1页 共18页 ◎ 第2页 共18页绝密★启用前|思恩教育中高考命题中心2017-2018学年度思恩教育高三学生第一次联考原创卷数学试卷满分150分；考试时间：120分钟；命题人：杨金仓注意事项：1．答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息 2．请将答案正确填写在答题卡上第I 卷（选择题60分）请点击修改第I 卷的文字说明一、单选题（每小题5分，共60分）1．已知U R =， {}|0 2 A x x =<<， {}2|230 B x x x =+-≥，则U A C B ⋂=（ ）A. ∅B. {}|0 1 x x <<C. {}|0 2 x x <<D. {| 1 x x ≥或}3x ≤- 【答案】B【解析】∵{}2|230 B x x x =+-≥∴{|3B x x =≤-或1}x ≥ ∴{|31}U C B x x =-<< ∵{}|0 2 A x x =<< ∴{|01}U A C B x x ⋂=<< 故选B2．设复数z 满足()12i z i -=，则z = A. 1i -+ B. 1i -- C. 1i + D. 1i - 【答案】B【解析】由题意得()()()()21211111i i i z i i i i i i +===+=-+--+，所以1z i =--。
选B 。
3．已知非零平面向量a ,b ，则“|a +b |=|a |+|b |”是“存在非零实数l ，使b =λa”的A. 充分而不必要条件B. 必要而不充分条件C. 充分必要条件D. 既不充分也不必要条件 【答案】A【解析】(1)若|a +b |=|a |+|b |,则a ,b方向相同，∴a ,b 共线,∴存在非零实数λ,使b =λa.∴“|a +b |=|a |+|b |”是“存在非零实数λ,使b=λa”的充分条件； (2)若存在非零实数λ,使b =λa ,则a ,b共线， ∴当a ,b 方向相同时,| a +b |=|a|+|b |， 当a ,b 方向相反时,| a +b |<|a|+|b |，∴∴“|a +b |=|a |+|b |”不是“存在非零实数λ,使b =λa”的必要条件。
故选A.4．如图是函数()sin ,0,0,02y x x R A πωϕωϕ⎛⎫=+∈>><< ⎪⎝⎭在区间566ππ⎡⎤-⎢⎥⎣⎦，上的图象，为了得到这个函数的图象，只需将y =sin x 的图象A. 向左平移3π个长度单位，再把所得各点的横坐标变为原来的12，纵坐标不变B. 向左平移至3π个长度单位，再把所得各点的横坐标变为原来的2倍，纵坐标不变C. 向左平移6π个长度单位，再把所得各点的横坐标变为原来的12，纵坐标不变D. 向左平移6π个长度单位，再把所得各点的横坐标变为原来的2倍，纵坐标不变【答案】A【解析】由图可知A=1，T=π， ∴ω=2，又﹣6πω+φ=2kπ（k ∈Z ）， ∴φ=2k π+3π（k ∈Z ），又0＜ϕ＜2π，∴φ=3π，∴y=sin （2x+3π）．∴为了得到这个函数的图象，只需将y=sinx （x ∈R ）的图象上的所有向左平移3π个长度单位，得到y=sin （x+3π）第3页 共18页 ◎ 第4页 共18页的图象，再将y=sin （x+3π）的图象上各点的横坐标变为原来的12 （纵坐标不变）即可．故答案为A 。
5．已知平行四边形ABCD 的对角线,AC BD 交于点O ，点E 在线段AC 上，且2,AE EC =点F 是OD 的中点，则（ ）A. 151212FE AB AD =--B. 151212FE AB AD =- C. 511212FE AB AD =- D. 511212FE AB AD =--【答案】C【解析】∵2AE EC =，点F 是BD 上靠近D 的四等分点，∴1DB 4FO =,OE =1AC 6，∴FE FO = +OE=1DB 4 +1AC 6 ，∵AB +AD =AC ,AD −AB =BD，∴FE =14 (AB −AD )+16(AB +AD )=511212AB AD -. 故选：C.6．已知e 为自然对数的底数，则曲线xy xe =在点()1,e 处的切线方程为（ ）A. 21y x =+B. 21y x =-C. 2y ex e =-D. 22y ex =- 【答案】C【解析】因为xy xe =，所以 (x)xy e xe =+，曲线xy xe =在点()1,e 处的切线斜率k e 12e e =+⨯=，切线方程为21y e e x -=-（），化简得2y ex e =-，故选C. 7．如图画出的是某几何体的三视图，则该几何体的体积为（ ）A. 16B. 32C. 48D. 60【答案】A【解析】由三视图可得，该几何体是一个四棱锥，高为4，底面为上底、下底分别为2,4，高为4的直角梯形，故此四棱锥的体积为124441632V +⎛⎫=⨯⨯⨯= ⎪⎝⎭。
选A 。
8．执行如图所示的程序，若输出的S=20172018，则输入的正整数n=（ ）A. 2 018B. 2 017C. 2 016D. 2 015 【答案】B【解析】由题意可得：该流程图计算的输出值为：11111111122311S n n n ⎛⎫⎛⎫⎛⎫=-+-++-=- ⎪ ⎪ ⎪++⎝⎭⎝⎭⎝⎭ ， 据此可得： 12017112018n -=+，解得： 2017n =. 本题选择B 选项.点睛：解决程序框图问题要注意的三个常用变量①计数变量：用来记录某个事件发生的次数，如i ＝i ＋1. ②累加变量：用来计算数据之和，如S ＝S ＋i ； ③累乘变量：用来计算数据之积，如p ＝p ×i .9．已知定义在R 上的函数()f x 满足()()f x f x -=-， ()()11f x f x +=-，且当[]01x ∈，时， ()()2log 1f x x =+，则()31f =（ ）A. 0B. 1C. 1-D. 2 【答案】C【解析】∵定义在R 上的奇函数f (x )满足()()f x f x -=-， ()()11f x f x +=-，∴()()()()()()()()431132211f x f x f x f x f x f x f x f x ⎡⎤+=++=-+=--=-+=-++=--=⎣⎦， 所以函数()f x 是周期为4的周期函数 ∵当x ∈[0,1]时, ()()2log 1f x x =+，∴()()()()23132111log 2 1.f f f f =-=-=-=-=-第5页 共18页 ◎ 第6页 共18页故选：C.10．在等差数列{}n a 中，若59103a a a ++=，则数列{}n a 的前15项的和为（ ） A. 15 B. 25 C. 35 D. 45 【答案】A【解析】设等差数列{}n a 的公差为d ，首项为1a ，则： 59101832133a a a a d a ++=+==, 故1151581515152a a S a +=⨯==，故选A ． 11．函数()2241x x x f x ⋅=-的图象大致为（ ）A.B.C. D.【答案】A【解析】()()()()2224122x xx xx x f x f x f x f x -⋅==⇒-=-⇒--为奇函数，排除B ；()0x fx →+∞⇒→；排除D ；()211(1=13242f f f f ⎛⎫⎛⎫=⇒< ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭），，排除C.故选A.12．已知cos sin 65παα⎛⎫-+= ⎪⎝⎭， 0,2πα⎛⎫∈ ⎪⎝⎭，则2cos 3πα⎛⎫+= ⎪⎝⎭（ ） A. 45-B. 45C. 35-D. 35【答案】A【解析】 因为3cos sin sin 626ππααααα⎛⎫⎛⎫-+=+=+=⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭ 所以4sin 65πα⎛⎫+= ⎪⎝⎭， 又2362πππαα⎛⎫+-+= ⎪⎝⎭，所以24cos cos sin 32665ππππααα⎡⎤⎛⎫⎛⎫⎛⎫+=++=-+=- ⎪ ⎪ ⎪⎢⎥⎝⎭⎝⎭⎝⎭⎣⎦， 故选A.点睛：本题考查了三角函数的化简求值问题，其中解答中涉及到两角和与差的正弦、余弦函数、诱导公式等知识点的考查，此类问题的解答中熟记三角恒等变换的公式，以及准确找到角的关系是解答的关键.13．若,x y 满足约束条件0{230 260x y x y x y -≥+-≥+-≤，则2z x y =-的最小值为（ ）A. 6-B. 1-C. 3D. 2- 【答案】D【解析】,x y 满足约束条件0{230 260x y x y x y -≥+-≥+-≤的可行域如图所示：由2z x y =-得1122y x z =-，平移直线1122y x z =- 由图象可知当直线1122y x z =-，过点A 时，直线1122y x z =-的截距最大，此时z 最小，由0{ 260x y x y -=+-=得()2,2A ，代入目标函数2z x y =-，得2222z =-⨯=- ∴目标函数2z x y =-的最小值是2-故选D点睛：本题主要考查线性规划中利用可行域求目标函数的最值，属简单题.求目标函数最值的一般步骤是“一画、二找、三求”：（1）作出可行域（一定要注意是实线还是虚线）；（2）找到目标函数对应的最优解对应点（在可行域内平移或旋转变形后的目标函数，最先通过或最后通过的顶点就是最优解）；（3）将最优解坐标代入目标函数求出最值.14．已知双曲线22221(0,0)x y a b a b-=>>的两条渐近线与抛物线28y x =-的准线分别交于,A B 两点， O 为坐标原点，若ABO ∆的面积为 ）第7页 共18页 ◎ 第8页 共18页A.2B. 2C.D. 4 【答案】B【解析】y 2=﹣8x 的准线方程为l ：x=2，∵双曲线22221(0,0)x y a b a b-=>>的两条渐进线与抛物线y 2=﹣8x 的准线分别交于A ，B 两点，△ABO 的面积为 ∴⨯⨯１４ｂ２２ａ∴，∴c=2a ，∴e=2．故选：B ．点睛：解决椭圆和双曲线的离心率的求值及范围问题其关键就是确立一个关于a ，b ，c 的方程或不等式，再根据a ，b ，c 的关系消掉b 得到a ，c 的关系式，建立关于a ，b ，c 的方程或不等式，要充分利用椭圆和双曲线的几何性质、点的坐标的范围等.第9页 共18页 ◎ 第10页 共18页第II 卷（非选择题90分）请点击修改第II 卷的文字说明二、填空题（每小题5分，共20分）15．命题“对任意的3210x R x x ∈-+，…”的否定是______． 【答案】32,10x R x x ∃∈-+>【解析】命题“对任意的3210x R x x ∈-+，…”的否定是32,10x R x x ∃∈-+> 16．计算211d x x x ⎛⎫-= ⎪⎝⎭⎰__________. 【答案】3ln22- 【解析】22211113d ln |ln2 22x x x x ⎛⎫⎰-=-⨯=- ⎪⎝⎭ 故答案为：3ln22- 17．已知向量()1,a m = ， ()3,2b =- ，且()a b b +⊥，则实数m =__________．【答案】8【解析】()1,a m =， ()3,2b =-， ()()()()4,23,212220a b b m m ∴+⋅=-⋅-=--=解得8m = . 18．若直线1x ya b+=， (0,0)a b >>过点()1,2，则2a b +的最小值为__________． 【答案】8 【解析】∵直线1x ya b+=过点()1,2 ∴121a b+= ∴()124422224b a b a a b a b a b a b a b ⎛⎫+=++=+++=++⎪⎝⎭∵0,0a b >>∴44b a a b +≥=，当且仅当42b a a b ==，即12a =， 1b =时取等号 ∴2a b +的最小值为819．已知m ，n 是两条不同的直线， ,,αβγ是三个不同的平面，则下列命题正确的有____________ ①若αγ⊥， βγ⊥，则//αβ ②若//,//m n m α，则//n α③若n αβ⋂=， //,//m m αβ，则//m n ④若,m m n α⊥⊥，则//n α 【答案】③【解析】对于①，若αγ⊥， βγ⊥，则α与β的位置关系是相交或平行，故①错误；对于②，若//,//m nm α，则n 可能在α内或平行于α，故②错误；对于③，若n αβ⋂=， //,//m m αβ，根据线面平行的性质定理和判定定理，可以判断//m n ，故③正确；对于④，若,m m n α⊥⊥，则n 可能在α内或平行于α，故④错误. 故答案为③.三、解答题20．在ABC ∆中，角A 、B 、C 所对的边分别为a 、b 、c ，已知()2,1m = ， ()cos ,cos cos n c C a B b A =+，且m n ⊥. （1）求C ；（2）若227c b =，且ABC S ∆=b 的值.【答案】（1）23C π=；（2）2b =. 【解析】试题分析：（1）由m n ⊥，易得： 2cos cos cos 0c C a B b A ++=，利用正弦定理把条件统一到角上，从而易得C 的值；（2）由余弦定理及227c b =，易得： 2a b =，再结合ABCS ∆=b 的值.试题解析：（1）由m n⊥，∴2cos cos cos 0c C a B b A++=，由正弦定理得： 2sin cos sin cos sin cos 0C C A B B A ++=， ∴()2sin cos sin 0C C A B ++=；2sin cos sin 0C C C +=；由sin 0C ≠，∴1cos 2C =-，∴23C π=；（2）由2222cos c a b ab C =+-，∴22272cos b a b ab C =+-，∴2260a ab b +-=，∴2a b =；由ABC S ∆=1sin 2ab C =，∴122b b ⋅⋅= ∴2b =点睛：解三角形问题，多为边和角的求值问题，这就需要根据正、余弦定理结合已知条件灵活转化边和角之间的关系，从而达到解决问题的目的.其基本步骤是：①定条件，即确定三角形中的已知和所求，在图形中标出来，然后确定转化的方向.②定工具，即根据条件和所求合理选择转化的工具，实施边角之间的互化.③求结果.第11页 共18页 ◎ 第12页 共18页21．设n S 是数列{}n a 的前n 项和，已知13a =， 123n n a S +=+， ()*N n ∈.（Ⅰ）求数列{}n a 的通项公式；（Ⅱ）令()21n n b n a =-，求数列{}n b 的前n 项和n T . 【答案】（Ⅰ）3nn a =; （Ⅱ）()1133n n T n +=-⨯+.【解析】试题分析：(Ⅰ)结合通项公式与前n 项和的关系可得数列{}n a 的通项公式为3n n a =; (Ⅱ)结合(Ⅰ)中求得的通项公式错位相减可得()1133n n T n +=-⨯+ . 试题解析：（Ⅰ）当2n ≥时，由123n n a S +=+，得123n n a S -=+， 两式相减，得11222n n n n n a a S S a +--=-=，∴13n n a a +=，∴13n naa +=，当1n =时， 13a =， 21123239a S a =+=+=，则213a a = . 数列{}n a 是以3为首项，3 为公比的等比数列 ， ∴1333n n n a -=⨯= .（Ⅱ）由（1）得()()21213nn n b n a n =-=-⨯，∴()23133353213nn T n =⨯+⨯+⨯++-⨯ ，()23413133353213n n T n +=⨯+⨯+⨯++-⨯ ，两式相减，得()()23112132323232136223nn n n T nn ++-=⨯+⨯+⨯++⨯--⨯=---⨯ ，∴()1133n n T n+=-⨯+ .点睛：一般地，如果数列{a n }是等差数列，{b n }是等比数列，求数列{a n ·b n }的前n 项和时，可采用错位相减法求和，一般是和式两边同乘以等比数列{b n }的公比，然后作差求解．22．已知四棱锥P ABCD -中， PD ⊥底面ABCD ，底面ABCD 为菱形， 02,60,AD DAB E =∠=为AB的中点.（1）证明：平面PCD ⊥平面PDE ；（2）若PD =，求点E 到平面PBC 的距离.【答案】(1)证明见解析；(2) 5.【解析】试题分析：(1)由题意结合几何关系可证得CD ⊥平面PDE ，利用面面垂直的判断定理有平面PCD ⊥平面PDE .(2)由题意结合几何关系可得PBCEBC S S ∆∆==，结合三棱锥的体积公式可得h =. 试题解析：（1）因为PD ⊥底面ABCD ，所以PD AB ⊥，连接DB ，在菱形ABCD 中， 060DAB ∠=，所以DAB ∆为等边三角形，又E 为AB 的中点，所以AB DE⊥，又PD DE D ⋂=，所以AB ⊥平面PDE ，因为//CD AB ，所以CD ⊥平面PDE ， 所以CD ⊂平面PCD ，平面PCD ⊥平面PDE .（2）因为2AD =，所以PD = 在Rt PDC ∆中， 4PC =，同理4PB =， 易知PBC EBC S S ∆∆==， 设点E 到平面PBC 的距离为h ，连接EC ， 由P EBC E PBC V V --=得1133EBC PBC S PD S h ∆∆⋅=⋅， 所以5h =. 23．如图，在四棱柱1111ABCD A BC D -中，侧棱1AA ⊥底面ABCD ， AB AC ⊥， 1AB =， 12AC AA ==，AD CD ==M 和N 分别为1B C 和1D D 的中点．（1）求证： //MN 平面ABCD ； （2）求二面角11D ACB -的正弦值．第13页 共18页 ◎ 第14页 共18页【答案】(1)见解析(2)10【解析】试题分析：（Ⅰ）以A 为原点建立空间直角坐标系，利用向量法能证明MN ∥平面ABCD ． （Ⅱ）求出两个平面的法向量，可计算两个平面所成二面角的余弦值的大小，再求正弦值即可． 试题解析：（1）证明：如图，以A 为坐标原点，以AC 、AB 、AA 1所在直线分别为x 、y 、z 轴建系， 则A （0，0，0），B （0，1，0），C （2，0，0），D （1，﹣2，0）， A 1（0，0，2），B 1（0，1，2），C 1（2，0，2），D 1（1，﹣2，2）， 又∵M 、N 分别为B 1C 、D 1D 的中点，∴M （1，，1），N （1，﹣2，1）．由题可知： =（0，0，1）是平面ABCD 的一个法向量， =（0，﹣，0），∵•=0，MN ⊄平面ABCD ，∴MN ∥平面ABCD ；（2）解：由（I ）可知： =（1，﹣2，2），=（2，0，0），=（0，1，2），设=（x ，y ，z ）是平面ACD 1的法向量，由，得，取z=1，得=（0，1，1），设=（x ，y ，z ）是平面ACB 1的法向量，由，得，取z=1，得=（0，﹣2，1），∵cos ＜，＞==﹣，∴sin ＜，＞==，∴二面角D 1﹣AC ﹣B 1的正弦值为；点睛：利用法向量求解空间二面角的关键在于“四破”：第一，破“建系关”，构建恰当的空间直角坐标系；第二，破“求坐标关”，准确求解相关点的坐标；第三，破“求法向量关”，求出平面的法向量；第四，破“应用公式关”.24．近年来许多地市空气污染较为严重，现随机抽取某市一年（365天）内100天的 2.5PM 空气质量指数（AQI ）的监测数据，统计结果如表：记某企业每天由空气污染造成的经济损失为S （单位：元），AQI 指数为x .当x 在区间[]0,100内时，对企业没有造成经济损失；当x 在区间(]100,300内时，对企业造成的经济损失与x 成直线模型（当AQI 指数为150时，造成的经济损失为1100元，当AQI 指数为200时，造成的经济损失为1400元）；当AQI 指数大于300时，造成的经济损失为2000元. （1）试写出()S x 的表达式；（2）试估计在本年内随机抽取1天，该天经济损失S 大于1100且不超过1700元的概率；（3）若本次抽取的样本数据有30天是在供暖季，这30天中有8天为严重污染，完成22⨯列联表，并判断是否有95%的把握认为该市本年度空气严重污染与供暖有关？附：第15页 共18页 ◎ 第16页 共18页()()()()()22n ad bc K a b c d a c b d -=++++，其中n a b c d =+++【答案】(1) ()[](]()0,0,100,{6200,100,300, 2000,300,.x S x x x x ∈=+∈∈+∞ (2)0.4；(3)有95%的把握认为该市本年度空气重度污染与供暖有关.【解析】： 试题分析：（1）根据在区间[0，100]对企业没有造成经济损失；在区间（100，300]对企业造成经济损失成直线模型（当PM2.5指数为150时造成的经济损失为500元，当PM2.5指数为200时，造成的经济损失为700元）；当PM2.5指数大于300时造成的经济损失为2000元，可得函数关系式；（2）由500＜S≤900，得150＜ω≤250，频数为39，即可求出概率；（3）根据所给的数据，列出列联表，根据所给的观测值的公式，代入数据做出观测值，同临界值进行比较，即可得出结论．解析：（1）依题意，可得()[](]()0,0,100,{6200,100,300, 2000,300,.x S x x x x ∈=+∈∈+∞（2）设“在本年内随机抽取1天，该天经济损失S 大于1100元且不超过1700元”为事件A ，由11001700S <≤，得150250x <≤，由统计结果，知()0.4P A =，即在本年内随机抽取1天，该天经济损失S 大于1100元且不超过1700元的概率为0.4.（3）根据题中数据可得如下22⨯列联表：2K 的观测值()2100638227 4.575 3.84185153070k ⨯⨯-⨯==>⨯⨯⨯，所以有95%的把握认为该市本年度空气重度污染与供暖有关.点睛：本题考查概率知识，考查列联表，观测值的求法，是一个独立性检验，我们可以利用临界值的大小来决定是否拒绝原来的统计假设，若值较大就拒绝假设，即拒绝两个事件无关．概率问题是高考中和实际联系非常紧密的一道题目，容易出现新的题型新的情景；只要审题清楚，联系实际和数学知识，就能做好。