chapter1--part1.2011.08.29
CHAPTER 1英文
CHAPTER 1INTO THE PRIMITIVEOld longings nomadic leap,Chafing at custom's chain;Again from its brumal sleepWakens the ferine strain.Buck did not read the newspapers, or he would have known that trouble was brewing, not alone for himself, but for every tidewater dog, strong of muscle and with warm, long hair, from Puget Sound to San Diego. Because men, groping in the Arctic darkness, had found a yellow metal, and because steamship and transportation companies were booming the find, thousands of men were rushing into the Northland. These men wanted dogs, and the dogs they wanted were heavy dogs, with strong muscles by which to toil, and furry coats to protect them from the frost.Buck lived at a big house in the sun-kissed Santa Clara Valley. Judge Miller's place, it was called. It stood back from the road, half-hidden among the trees, through which glimpses could be caught of the wide cool veranda that ran around its four sides. The house was approached by graveled driveways which wound about through wide-spreading lawns and under the interlacing boughs of tall poplars. At the rear things were on even a more spacious scale than at the front. There were great stables, where a dozen grooms and boys held forth, rows of vine-clad servants' cottages, an endless and orderly array of outhouses, long grape arbors, green pastures, orchards, and berry patches. Then there was the pumping plant for the artesian well, and the big cement tank where Judge Miler's boys took their morning plunge and kept cool in the hot afternoon. And over this great demesne Buck ruled. Here he was born, and here he had lived the four years of his life. It was true, there were other dogs. There could not but be other dogs on so vast a place, but they did not count. They came and went, resided in the populous kennels, or lived obscurely in the recesses of the house after the fashion of Toots, the Japanese pug, or Ysabel, the Mexican hairless, strange creatures that rarely put nose out of doors or set foot to ground. On the other hand, there were the fox terriers, a score of them at least, who yelped fearful promises at Toots and Ysabel looking out of the windows at them and protected by a legion of housemaids armed with brooms and mops.But Buck was neither house dog nor kennel dog. The whole realm was his. He plunged into the swimming tank or went hunting with the Judge's sons; he escorted Mollie and Alice, the Judge's daughters, on long twilight or early morning rambles; on wintry nights he lay at the Judge's feet before the roaring library fire; he carried the Judge's grandsons on his back, or rolled them in the grass, and guarded their footsteps through wild adventures down to the fountain in the stable yard, and even beyond, where the paddocks were, and the berry patches. Among the terriers he stalked imperiously, and Toots and Ysabel he utterly ignored, for he was king--king over all creeping, crawling, flying things of Judge Miller's place, humans included.His father, Elmo, a huge St. Bernard, had been the Judge's inseparable companion, and Buck bid fair to follow in the way of his father. He was not so large--he weighed only one hundred and forty pounds--for his mother, She, had been a Scotch shepherd dog. Nevertheless, one hundred and forty pounds, to which was added the dignity that comes of good living and universal respect, enabled him to carry himself in right royal fashion. During the four years since his puppyhood hehad lived the life of a sated aristocrat; he had a fine pride in himself, was even a trifle egotistical, as country gentlemen sometimes become because of their insular situation. But he had saved himself by not becoming a mere pampered house dog. Hunting and kindred outdoor delights had kept down the fat and hardened his muscles; and to him, as to the cold-tubbing races, the love of water had been a tonic and a health preserver.And this was the manner of dog Buck was in the fall of 1897, when the Klondike strike dragged men from all the world into the frozen North. But Buck did not read the newspapers, and he did not know that Manuel, one of the gardener's helpers, was an undesirable acquaintance. Manuel had one besetting sin. He loved to play Chinese lottery. Also, in his gambling, he had one besetting weakness--faith in a system; and this made his damnation certain. For to play a system requires money, while the wages of a gardener's helper do not lap over the needs of a wife and numerous progeny.The Judge was at a meeting of the Raisin Growers' Association, and the boys were busy organizing an athletic club, on the memorable night of Manuel's treachery. No one saw him and Buck go off through the orchard on what Buck imagined was merely a stroll. And with the exception of a solitary man, no one saw them arrive at the little flag station known as College Park. This man talked with Manuel, and money chinked between them."You might wrap up the goods before you deliver them," the stranger said gruffly, and Manuel doubled a piece of stout rope around Buck's neck under the collar."Twist it, and you'll choke him plenty," said Manuel, and the stranger grunted a ready affirmative. Buck had accepted the rope with quiet dignity. To be sure, it was an unwonted performance but he had learned to trust in men he knew, and to give them credit for a wisdom that outreached his own. But when the ends of the rope were placed in the stranger's hands, he growled menacingly. He had merely intimated his displeasure, in his pride believing that to intimate was to command. But to his surprise the rope tightened around his neck, shutting off his breath. In a quick rage he sprang at the man, who met him halfway, grappled him close by the throat, and with a deft twist threw him over on his back. Then the rope tightened mercilessly, while Buck struggled in a fury, his tongue lolling out of his mouth and his great chest panting futilely. Never in all his life had he been so vilely treated, and never in all his life had he been so angry. But his strength ebbed, his eyes glazed, and he knew nothing when the train was flagged and the two men threw him into the baggage car.The next he knew, he was dimly aware that his tongue was hurting and that \he was being jolted along in some kind of a conveyance. The hoarse shriek of a locomotive whistling a crossing told him where he was. He had traveled too often with the Judge not to know the sensation of riding in a baggage car. He opened his eyes, and into them came the unbridled anger of a kidnaped king. The man sprang for his throat, but Buck was too quick for him. His jaws closed on the hand, nor did they relax till his senses were choked out of him once more."Yep, has fits," the man said, hiding his mangled hand from the baggage man, who had been attracted by the sounds of struggle. "I'm taking him up for the boss to 'Frisco. A crack dog doctor there thinks that he can cure him."Concerning that night's ride, the man spoke most eloquently for himself, in a little shed back of a saloon on the San Francisco water front."All I get is fifty for it," he grumbled, "and I wouldn't do it over for a thousand, cold cash."His hand was wrapped in a bloody handkerchief, and the right trouser leg was ripped from kneeto ankle."How much did the other mug get?" the saloon-keeper demanded."A hundred," was the reply. "Wouldn't take a sou less, so help me.""That makes a hundred and fifty," the saloon-keeper calculated, "and he's worth it, or I'm a squarehead."The kidnaper undid the bloody wrappings and looked at his lacerated hand. "If I don't get hydrophobia--""It'll be because you was born to hang," laughed the saloon-keeper. "Here, lend me a hand before you pull your freight," he added.Dazed, suffering intolerable pain from throat and tongue, with the life half throttled out of him, Buck attempted to face his tormentors. But he was thrown down and choked repeatedly, till they succeeded in filing the heavy brass collar from off his neck. Then the rope was removed, and he was flung into a cage-like crate.There he lay for the remainder of the weary night, nursing his wrath and wounded pride. He could not understand what it all meant. What did they want with him, these strange men? Why were they keeping him pent up in this narrow crate? He did not know why, but he felt oppressed by the vague sense of impending calamity. Several times during the night he sprang to his feet when the shed door rattled open, expecting to see the Judge, or the boys at least. But each time it was the bulging face of the saloon-keeper that peered in at him by the sickly light of a tallow candle. And each time the joyful bark that trembled in Buck's throat was twisted into a savage growl.But the saloon-keeper let him alone, and in the morning four men entered and picked up the crate. More tormentors, Buck decided, for they were evil-looking creatures, ragged and unkempt; and he stormed and raged at them through the bars. They only laughed and poked sticks at him, which he promptly assailed with his teeth till he realized that was what they wanted. Whereupon he lay down sullenly and allowed the crate to be lifted into a wagon. Then he, and the crate in which he was imprisoned, began a passage through many hands. Clerks in the express office took charge of him; he was carted about in another wagon; a truck carried him, with an assortment of boxes and parcels, upon a ferry steamer; he was trucked off the steamer into a great railway depot, and finally he was deposited in an express car.For two days and nights this express car was dragged along at the tail of shrieking locomotives; and for two days and nights Buck neither ate nor drank. In his anger he had met the first advances of the express messengers with growls, and they had retaliated by teasing him. When he flung himself against the bars, quivering and frothing, they laughed at him and taunted him. They growled and barked like detestable dogs, mewed, and flapped their arms and crowed. It was all very silly, he knew; but therefore the more outrage to his dignity, and his anger waxed and waxed. He did not mind the hunger so much, but the lack of water caused him severe suffering and fanned his wrath to fever-pitch. For that matter, high-strung and finely sensitive, the ill treatment had flung him into a fever, which was fed by the inflammation of his parched and swollen throat and tongue.He was glad for one thing: the rope was off his neck. That had given them an unfair advantage; but now that it was off, he would show them. They would never get another rope around his neck. Upon that he was resolved. For two days and nights he neither ate nor drank, and during those two days and nights of torment, he accumulated a fund of wrath that boded ill for whoeverfirst fell foul of him. His eyes turned bloodshot, and he was metamorphosed into a raging fiend. So changed was he that the Judge himself would not have recognized him; and the express messengers breathed with relief when they bundled him off the train at Seattle.Four men gingerly carried the crate from the wagon into a small, high-walled back yard. A stout man, with a red sweater that sagged generously at the neck, came out and signed the book for the driver. That was the man, Buck divined, the next tormentor, and he hurled himself savagely against the bars. The man smiled grimly, and brought a hatchet and a club."You ain't going to take him out now?" the driver asked."Sure," the man replied, driving the hatchet into the crate for a pry.There was an instantaneous scattering of the four men who had carried it in, and from safe perches on top the wall they prepared to watch the performance.Buck rushed at the splintering wood, sinking his teeth into it, surging and wrestling with it. Wherever the hatchet fell on the outside, he was there on the inside, snarling and growling, as furiously anxious to get out as the man in the red sweater was calmly intent on getting him out. "Now, you red-eyed devil," he said, when he had made an opening sufficient for the passage of Buck's body. At the same time he dropped the hatchet and shifted the club to his right hand. And Buck was truly a red-eyed devil, as he drew himself together for the spring, hair bristling, mouth foaming, a mad glitter in his bloodshot eyes. Straight at the man he launched his one hundred and forty pounds of fury, surcharged with the pent passion of two days and nights. In mid-air, just as his jaws were about to close on the man, he received a shock that checked his body and brought his teeth together with an agonizing clip. He whirled over, fetching the ground on his back and side. He had never been struck by a club in his life, and did not understand. With a snarl that was part bark and more scream he was again on his feet and launched into the air. And again the shock came and he was brought crushingly to the ground. This time he was aware that it was the club, but His madness knew no caution. A dozen times he charged, and as often the club broke the charge and smashed him down.After a particularly fierce blow he crawled to his feet, too dazed to rush. He staggered limply about, the blood flowing from nose and mouth and ears, his beautiful coat sprayed and flecked with bloody slaver. Then the man advanced and deliberately dealt him a frightful blow on the nose. All the pain he had endured was nothing compared with the exquisite agony of this. With a roar that was almost lion-like in its ferocity, he again hurled himself at the man. But the man, shifting the club from right to left, cooly caught him by the under jaw, at the same time wrenching downward and backward. Buck described a complete circle in the air, and half of another, then crashed to the ground on his head and chest.For the last time he rushed. The man struck the shrewd blow he had purposely withheld for so long, and Buck crumpled up and went down, knocked utterly senseless."He's no slouch at dog-breaking, that's what I say," one of the men on the wall cried with enthusiasm."Druther break cayuses any day, and twice on Sundays," was the reply of the driver, as he climbed on the wagon and started the horses.Buck's senses came back to him, but not his strength. He lay where he had fallen, and from there he watched the man in the red sweater." `Answers to the name of Buck,' " the man soliloquized, quoting from the saloon-keeper's letter which had announced the consignment of the crate and contents. "Well, Buck, my boy," he wenton in a genial voice, "we've had our little ruction, and the best thing we can do is to let it go at that. You've learned your place, and I know mine. Be a good dog and all will go well and the goose hang high. Be a bad dog, and I'll whale the stuffing outa you. Understand?"As he spoke he fearlessly patted the head he had so mercilessly pounded, and though Buck's hair involuntarily bristled at touch of the hand, he endured it without protest. When the man brought him water, he drank eagerly, and later bolted a generous meal of raw meat, chuck by chunk, from the man's hand.He was beaten (he knew that); but he was not broken. He saw, once for all, that he stood no chance against a man with a club. He had learned the lesson, and in all his afterlife he never forgot it. That club was a revelation. It was his introduction to the reign of primitive law, and he met the introduction halfway. The facts of life took on a fiercer aspect; and while he faced that aspect uncowed, he faced it with all the latent cunning of his nature aroused. As the days went by, other dogs came, in crates and at the ends of ropes, some docilely, and some raging and roaring as he had come; and, one and all, he watched them pass under the dominion of the man in the red sweater. Again and again, as he looked at each brutal performance, the lesson was driven home to Buck: a man with a club was a lawgiver, a master to be obeyed, though not necessarily conciliated. Of this last Buck was never guilty, though he did see beaten dogs that fawned upon the man, and wagged their tails, and licked his hand. Also he saw one dog, that would neither conciliate nor obey, finally killed in the struggle for mastery.Now and again men came, strangers, who talked excitedly, wheedlingly, and in all kinds of fashions to the man in the red sweater. And at such times that money passed between them the strangers took one or more of the dogs away with them. Buck wondered where they went, for they never came back; but the fear of the future was strong upon him, and he was glad each time when he was not selected.Yet his time came, in the end, in the form of a little weazened man who spat broken English and many strange and uncouth exclamations which Buck could not understand."Sacredam!" he cried, when his eyes lit upon Buck. "Dat one dam bully dog! Eh? How much?" "Three hundred, and a present at that," was the prompt reply of the man in the red sweater. "And seeing it's government money, you ain't got no kick coming, eh, Perrault?"Perrault grinned. Considering that the price of dogs had been boomed skyward by the unwonted demand, it was not an unfair sum for so fine an animal. The Canadian Government would be no loser, nor would its dispatches travel the slower. Perrault knew dogs, when he looked at Buck he knew that he was one in a thousand--"One in ten thousand," he commented mentally.Buck saw money pass between them, and was not surprised when Curly, a good-natured Newfoundland, and he were led away by the little weazened man. That was the last he saw of the man in the red sweater, and as Curly and he looked at receding Seattle from the deck of the Narwhal, it was the last he saw of the warm Southland. Curly and he were taken below by Perrault and turned over to a black-faced giant called Francois. Perrault was a French Canadian, and swarthy; but Francois was a French Canadian half-breed, and twice as swarthy. They were a new kind of men to Buck (of which he was destined to see many more), and while he developed no affection for them, he none the less grew honestly to respect them. He speedily learned that Perrault and Francois were fair men, calm and impartial in administering justice, and too wise in the way of dogs to be fooled by dogs.In the 'tween-decks of the Narwhal, Buck and Curly joined two other dogs. One of them was a big,snow-white fellow from Spitzbergen who had been brought away by a whaling captain, and who had later accompanied a Geological Survey into the Barrens.He was friendly, in a treacherous sort of way, smiling into one's face the while he meditated some underhand trick, as, for instance, when he stole from Buck's food at the first meal. As Buck sprang to punish him, the lash of Francois's whip sang through the air, reaching the culprit first; and nothing remained to Buck but to recover the bone. That was fair of Francois, he decided, and the half-breed began his rise in Buck's estimation.The other dog made no advances, nor received any; also, he did not attempt to steal from the newcomers. He was a gloomy, morose fellow, ant he showed Curly plainly that all he desired was to be left alone, and further, that there would be trouble if he were not left alone. "Dave" he was called, and he ate and slept, or yawned between times, and took interest in nothing, not even when the Narwhal crossed Queen Charlotte Sound and rolled and pitched and bucked like a thing possessed. When Buck and Curly grew excited, half-wild with fear, he raised his head as though annoyed, favored them with an incurious glance, yawned, and went to sleep again.Day and night the ship throbbed to the tireless pulse of the propeller, and though one day was very like another, it was apparent to Buck that the weather was steadily growing colder. At last, one morning, the propeller was quiet, and the Narwhal was pervaded with an atmosphere of excitement. He felt it, as did the other dogs, and knew that a change was at hand. Francois leashed them and brought them on deck. At the first step upon the cold surface, Buck's feet sank into a white mushy something very like mud. He sprang back with a snort. More of this white stuff was falling through the air. He shook himself, but more of it fell upon him. He sniffed it curiously, then licked some up on his tongue. It bit like fire, and the next instant was gone. This puzzled him. He tried it again, with the same results. The onlookers laughed uproariously, and he felt ashamed, he knew not why, for it was his first snow.IndexNextThis Free Ebook is ProducedBy "Eshu Space".Need More Free Ebooks, Pls Go To/。
简爱Chapter 1
Chapter 1THERE was no possibility of taking a walk that day. We had been wandering, indeed, in the leafless shrubbery an hour in the morning; but since dinner (Mrs Reed, when there was no company, dined early) the cold winter wind had brought with it clouds so sombre, and a rain so penetrating, that further outdoor exercise was now out of the question.I was glad of it; I never liked long walks, especially on chilly afternoons: dreadful to me was the coming home in the raw twilight, with nipped fingers and toes, and a heart saddened by the chidings of Bessie, the nurse, and humbled by the consciousness of my physical inferiority to Eliza, John, and Georgiana Reed.The said Eliza, John, and Georgiana were now clustered round their mamma in the drawing-room: she lay reclined on a sofa by the fire side, and with her darlingsabout her (for the time neither quarrelling nor crying) looked perfectly happy. Me, she had dispensed from joining the group, saying, 'She regretted to be under the necessity of keeping me at a distance; but that until she heard from Bessie, and could discover by her own observation that I was endeavouring in good earnest to acquire a more sociable and childlike disposition, a more attractive and sprightly manner —something lighter, franker, more natural, as it were —she really must exclude me from privileges intended only for contented, happy little children.''What does Bessie say I have done?' I asked.'Jane, I don't like cavillers or questioners, besides, there is something truly forbidding in a child taking up her elders in that manner. Be seated somewhere; and until you can speak pleasantly, remainsilent.'A small breakfast-room adjoined the drawing-room, I slipped in there. It contained a bookcase; I soon possessed myself of a volume, taking care that it should be one stored with pictures. I mounted into the window- seat: gathering up my feet, I sat cross- legged, like a Turk; and, having drawn the red moreen curtain nearly close, I was shrined in double retirement.Folds of scarlet drapery shut in my view to the right hand; to the left were the clear panes of glass, protecting, but not separating me from the drear November day. At intervals, while turning over the leaves in my book, I studied the aspect of that winter afternoon. Afar, it offered a pale blank of mist and cloud; near, a scene of wet lawn and storm-beat shrub, with ceaseless rain sweeping away wildly before a long and lamentable blast.I returned to my book —Bewick's History of British Birds: the letter press thereof I cared little for, generally speaking; and yet there were certain introductory pages that, child as I was, I could not pass quite as a blank. They were those which treat of the haunts of sea-fowl; of 'the solitary rocks and promontories' by them only inhabited; of the coast of Norway, studded with isles from its southern extremity, the Lindeness, or Naze, to the North Cape —'Where the Northern Ocean, in vast whirls, Boils round the naked, melancholy isles Of farthest Thule; and the Atlantic surge Pours in among the stormy Hebrites. Nor could I pass unnoticed the suggestion of the bleak shores of Lapland, Siberia, Spitzbergen, Nova Zembla, Iceland, Greenland, with 'the vast sweep of the Arctic Zone, and those forlorn regionsof dreary space —that reservoir of frost and snow, where firm fields of ice, the accumulation of centuries of winters, glazed in Alpine heights above heights, surround the pole, and concentre the multiplied rigours of extreme cold '. Of these death-white realms I formed an idea of my own: shadowy, like all the half-comprehended notions that float dim through children's brains, but strangely impressive. The words in these introductory pages connected themselves with the succeeding vignettes, and gave significance to the rock standing up alone in a sea of billow and spray; to the broken boat stranded on a desolate coast; to the cold and ghastly moon glancing through bars of cloud at a wreck just sinking.I cannot tell what sentiment haunted the quite solitary churchyard, with its inscribed headstone; its gate, its two trees,its low horizon, girdled by a broken wall, and its newly risen crescent, attesting the hour of eventide.The two ships becalmed on a torpid sea, I believed to be marine phantoms.The fiend pinning down the thief's pack behind him, I passed over quickly: it was an object of terror.So was the black, horned thing seated aloof on a rock, surveying a distant crowd surrounding a gallows.Each picture told a story; mysterious often to my undeveloped understanding and imperfect feelings, yet ever profoundly interesting: as interesting as the tales Bessie sometimes narrated on winter evenings, when she chanced to be in good humour; and when, having brought her ironing-table to the nursery-hearth, she allowed us to sit about it, and while she got up Mrs Reed's lace frills, and crimped her nightcap borders, fed our eagerattention with passages of love and adventure taked from old fairy tales and older ballads; or (as at a later period I discovered) from the pages of Pamela, and Henry, Earl of Moreland.With Bewick on my knee, I was then happy: happy at least in my way. I feared nothing but interruption, and that came too soon. The breakfast- room door was opened.'Boh! Madam Mope!' cried the voice of John Reed; then he paused: he found the room apparently empty.'Where the dickens is she?' he continued. 'Lizzy! Gcorgy! (calling to his sisters) Jane is not here: tell mamma she is run out into the rain —bad animal!''It is well I drew the curtain, ' thought I, and I wished fervently he might not discover my hiding-place: nor would John Reed have found it out himself; he was notquick either of vision or conception; but Eliza just put her head in at the door, and said at once:'She is in the window-seat, to be sure, Jack.'And I came out immediately, for I trembled at the idea of being dragged forth by the said Jack.'What do you want?' I asked with awkward diffidence.'Say, "what do you want, Master Reed,"' was the answer. 'I want you to come here'; and seating himself in an arrn-chair, he intimated by a gesture that I was to approach and stand before him.John Reed was a schoolboy of fourteen years old; four years older than I, for I was but ten; large and stout for his age, with a dingy and unwholesome skin; thick lineaments in a spacious visage, heavy limbs and large extremities. He gorged himself habitually at table, which madehim bilious, and gave him a dim and bleared eye with flabby cheeks. He ought now to have been at school; but his mamma had taken him home for a month or two, ' on account of his dedicate health'. Mr. Mila, the master, affirmed that he would do very well if he had fewer cakes and sweetmeat sent him from home; but the mother's heart turned from an opinion so harsh, and inclined rather to the more refined idea that John's sallowness was owing to over-application, and, perhaps to pining after home.John had not much affection for his mother and sisters, and an antipathy to me. He bullied and punished me; not two or three times in the week, nor once or twice in a day, but continually: every nerve I had feared him, and every morsel of flesh on my bones shrank when he came near. There were moments when I was bewildered by the terror he inspired,because I had no appeal whatever against either his menaces or his inflictions; the servants did not like to offend their young master by taking my part against him, and Mrs Reed was blind and deaf on the subject: she never saw him strike or heard him abuse me, though he did both now and then in her very presence; more frequently, however, behind her back.Habitually obedient to John, I came up to his chair: he spent some three minutes in thrusting out his tongue at me as far as he could with out damaging the roots: I knew he would soon strike, and while dreading the blow, I mused on the disgusting and ugly appearance of him who would presently deal it. I wonder if he read that notion in my face; for, all at once, without speaking, he struck suddenly and strongly. I tottered, and on regaining my equilibrium retired back a step or two from his chair.'That is for your impudence in answering mamma a while since, ' said he, 'and for your sneaking way of getting behind curtains, and for the look you had in your eyes two minutes since, you rat!' Accustomed to John Recd's abuse, I never had an idea of replying to it: my care was how to endure the blow which would certainly follow the insult.'What were you doing behind the curtain?' he asked.'I was reading.''Show the book.'I returned to the window and fetched it thence.'You have no business to take our books; you are a dependant, mamma says; you have no money; your father left you none; you ought to beg, and not to live here with gentlemen's children like us, and eat the same meals we do, and wear clothes at our mamma's expense. Now, I'll teach you torummage my book-shelves: for they are mine; all the house belongs to me, or will do in a few years. Go and stand by the door, out of the way of the mirror and the windows.'I did so, not at first aware what was his intention; but when I saw him lift and poise the book and stand in act to hurl it I instinctively started aside with a cry of alarm: not soon enough however; the volume was flung, it hit me, and I fell, striking my head against the door and cutting it. The cut bled, the pain was sharp: my terror had passed its climax; other feelings succeeded.'Wicked and cruel boy!' I said. 'You are like a murderer —you are like a slave-driver —you are like the Roman emperors!'I had read Goldsmith's History of Rome, and had formed my opinion of Nero,Caligula, &c. Also I had drawn parallels in silence, which I never thought thus to have declared aloud.'What! what!' he cried. 'Did she say that to me? Did you hear her, Eliza and Georgiana? Won't I tell mamma? but first —'He ran headlong at me: I felt him grasp my hair and my shoulder: he had dosed with a desperate thing. I really saw in him tyrant: a murderer. I felt a drop or two of blood from my head trickle down my neck, and was sensible of somewhat pungent suffering: these sensations for the time predominated over fear, and I received him in frantic sort. I don't very well know what I did with my hands, but he called me 'Rat! rat!' and bellowed out aloud. Aid was near him: Eliza and Georgiana had run for Mrs Reed, who was gone upstairs; she now came upon the scene, followed by Bessieand her maid Abbot. We were parted: I heard the words: —'Dear! dear! What a fury to fly at Master John!''Did ever anybody see such a picture of passion!'Then Mrs Reed subjoined:'Take her away to the red-room, and lock her in there.' Four hands were immediately laid upon me, and I was borne upstairs.。
完整英文版《第二性》The-Second-Sex
完整英文版《第二性》The-Second-SexThe Second Sexby Simone de Beauvoir (1949)Book One: Facts and Myths, Part I: DestinyChapter 1, The Data of BiologyWOMAN? Very simple, say the fanciers of simple formulas: she is a womb, an ovary; she is a female –this word is sufficient to define her. In the mouth of a man the epithet female has the sound of an insult, yet he is not ashamed of his animal nature; on the contrary, he is proud if someone says of him: ‘He is a male!’ The term ‘female’ is derogatory not because it emphasises woman’s ani mality, but because it imprisons her in her sex; and if this sex seems to man to be contemptible and inimical even in harmless dumb animals, it is evidently because of the uneasy hostility stirred up in him by woman. Nevertheless he wishes to find in biology a justification for this sentiment. The word female brings up in his mind a saraband of imagery –a vast, round ovum engulfs and castrates the agile spermatozoan; the monstrous and swollen termite queen rules over the enslaved males; the female praying mantis and the spider, satiated with love, crush and devour their partners; the bitch in heat runs through the alleys, trailing behind her a wake of depraved odours; the she-monkey presents posterior immodestly and then steals away with hypocritical coquetry; and the most superb wild beasts –the tigress, the lioness, the panther – bed down slavishly under the imperial embrace of the male. Females sluggish, eager, artful, stupid, callous, lustful, ferocious, abased – man projects them all at once upon woman. And the fact is that she is a female. But if we are willing to stop thinking in platitudes, two questions areimmediately posed: what does the female denote in the animal kingdom? And what particular kind of female is manifest in woman?Males and females are two types of individuals which are differentiated within a species for the function of reproduction; they can be defined only correlatively. But first it must be noted that even the division of a species into two sexes is not always clear-cut.In nature it is not universally manifested. To speak only of animals, it is well known that among the microscopic one-celled forms –infusoria, amoebae, sporozoans, and the like –multiplication is fundamentally distinct from sexuality. Each cell divides and subdivides by itself. In many-celled animals or metazoans reproduction may take place asexually, either by schizogenesis –that is, by fission or cutting into two or more parts which become new individuals – or by blastogenesis – that is, by buds that separate and form new individuals. The phenomena of budding observed in the fresh-water hydra and other coelenterates, in sponges, worms, and tunicates, are well-known examples. In cases of parthenogenesis the egg of the virgin female develops into an embryo without fertilisation by the male, which thus may play no role at all. In the honey-bee copulation takes place, but the eggs may or may not be fertilised at the time of laying. The unfertilised eggs undergo development and produce the drones (males); in the aphids males are absent during a series of generations in which the eggs are unfertilised and produce females. Parthenogenesis has been induced artificially in the sea urchin, the starfish, the frog, and other species. Among the one-celled animals (Protozoa), however, two cells may fuse, forming whatis called a zygote; and in the honey-bee fertilisation is necessary if the eggs are to produce females. In the aphids both males and females appear in the autumn, and the fertilised eggs then produced are adapted for over-wintering.Certain biologists in the past concluded from these facts that even in species capable of asexual propagation occasional fertilisation is necessary to renew the vigour of the race –to accomplish ‘rejuvenation’ through the mixing of her editary material from two individuals. On this hypothesis sexuality might well appear to be an indispensable function in the most complex forms of life; only the lower organisms could multiply without sexuality, and even here vitality would after a time become exhausted. But today this hypothesis is largely abandoned; research has proved that under suitable conditions asexual multiplication can go on indefinitely without noticeable degeneration, a fact that is especially striking in the bacteria and Protozoa. More and more numerous and daring experiments in parthenogenesis are being performed, and in many species the male appears to be fundamentally unnecessary. Besides, if the value of intercellular exchange were demonstrated, that value would seem to stand as a sheer, unexplained fact. Biology certainly demonstrates the existence of sexual differentiation, but from the point of view of any end to be attained the science could not infer such differentiation from the structure of the cell, nor from the laws of cellular multiplication, nor from any basic phenomenon.The production of two types of gametes, the sperm and the egg, does not necessarily imply the existence of two distinct sexes; as a matter of fact, egg and sperm –two highly differentiated types of reproductive cells –may both beproduced by the same individual. This occurs in normally hermaphroditic species, which are common among plants and are also to be found among the lower animals, such as annelid worms and molluscs. In them reproduction may be accomplished through self-fertilisation or, more commonly, cross-fertilisation. Here again certain biologists have attempted to account for the existing state of affairs. Some hold that the separation of the gonads (ovaries and testes) in two distinct individuals represents an evolutionary advance over hermaphroditism; others on the contrary regard the separate condition as primitive, and believe that hermaphroditism represents a degenerate state. These notions regarding the superiority of one system or the other imply the most debatable evolutionary theorising. All that we can say for sure is that these two modes of reproduction coexist in nature, that they both succeed in accomplishing the survival of the species concerned, and that the differentiation of the gametes, like that of the organisms producing them, appears to be accidental. It would seem, then, that the division of a species into male and female individuals is simply an irreducible fact of observation.In most philosophies this fact has been taken for granted without pretence of explanation. According to the Platonic myth, there were at the beginning men, women, and hermaphrodites. Each individual had two faces, four arms, four legs, and two conjoined bodies. At a certain time they were split in two, and ever since each half seeks to rejoin its corresponding half. Later the gods decreed that new human beings should be created through the coupling of dissimilar halves. But it is only love that this story is intended to explain; division into sexes is assumed at the outset. Nor does。
综合英语教程第1册课文翻译
课文参考译文Unit 1Text 1我的第一份工作在宾夕法尼亚州的夏洛瑞市，我的父母经营着一家小餐馆——潘格尼斯餐馆。
餐馆每周营业七天，每天24小时。
我的第一份正式工作是给顾客擦鞋，那时我六岁。
父亲年轻时也曾干过这活，所以他就教我怎样把鞋擦好，还让我问问顾客活干得好不好，如果顾客不满意，应主动给顾客再擦一次。
随着年龄的增长，我的活也多了起来。
十岁时，我已经会收拾餐桌了，并且还当清洁工。
爸爸咧着嘴笑着说我是在他手下干过的最好的“清洁工”。
在餐馆里工作是我骄傲的资本，因为我也在为家里的生计出把力。
但是，父亲明确规定我得符合一定的标准才能成为集体的一员。
我必须守时，勤快，对顾客彬彬有礼。
在餐馆里除了擦鞋以外，其它工作都没有报酬。
一天我犯了个错误，告诉父亲我觉得他每周应付我10美元的报酬。
父亲说：“好呀，那你付我在这儿的一日三餐钱，怎么样？还有你带你的朋友来免费喝饮料的钱？”他算下来我每周还欠他40美元。
这件事情给了我一个教训：在谈判时，你不仅要知道自己想说什么，你还要搞清楚对方会说些什么。
我还记得在外服兵役两年后回家的情景。
我刚晋升为上尉，满脸自豪地迈进父母的餐馆。
父亲的第一句话就是：“今天清洁工休息，晚上你来打扫卫生，怎么样？”我简直不敢相信！我想，我是一名美国陆军军官！但这并不要紧。
在父亲的眼里我只是团队中的一名成员。
我伸手去拿了拖把。
为父亲做事使我明白了一个道理，对团队的忠诚是第一位的，无论这个团队从事的是经营家庭餐馆还是执行“沙漠风暴行动”。
(高全孝译，张校勤校)Read more我的第一份工作“做什么事都要有自豪感，”父亲总是这样告诉我，“不管你是老板还是清洁工。
”15岁时我在一家地方医院有了份兼职工作，他们要我做拖地的活儿。
我笑了，就想到了父亲说过的那些话。
既使我的工作是最低层的，我也非常激动能有事情做。
我没把它看成是个困难，而是看成一个挑战，因为这是我的第一份工作。
我学着去守时，符合工作规范。
B6M2优质课
Chapter5……………………………………….para5
The appeal of Rowling’s style. Chapter6……………………………………….para6 Harry Potter’s effect.
Careful Reading
Chapter 1---- Para 1
When and where did the idea Harry Potter come to her?
Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire
Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix
Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince
Period 4 Vocabulary and Reading
2. Translation
1.It was only in 1997 that she completed the first Harry Potter story, which, because the publishers in the USA requested an adjustment to the title, was also known as Harry potter and the Sorcerer’s Stone. (Para. 3) 直到1997年她才完成第一部《哈利波特》小 说，由于美国的出版商要求调整书名，这本 书也被称作《哈利波特与魔法石》。
literary bond between parents and
children. (Para. 5)
罗琳的写作风格成了一些批评的对象，但是 这些作品之所以重要时因为他们吸引了各个 年龄段的读者，并且在父母和孩子之间建立 起了一条特殊的文字纽带。
Chapter 1-1
3
Language is ……
What is language?
4
Comments on the following ideas
1. Language is a means of communication. 2. Language has a form-meaning correspondence. 3. The function of language is to exchange information.
The subject matter of linguistics
• The subject matter of linguistics is all natural languages, living or dead. • It studies the origin, growth, organization, nature and development of languages. • It discovers the general rules and principles governing languages.
21
Phonetics (语音学)
• It is the scientific study of speech sounds, including the articulation, transmission and reception of speech sounds, the description and classification of speech sounds. • [b] 双唇爆破辅音
• Linguistics differs from traditional grammar at least in three basic ways:
小说每章总结英语作文
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In this chapter, we are introduced to the main character, Lucy. She is a young woman who is struggling to find her place in the world. Lucy feels lost and unsure of what she wants to do with her life. She is constantly searching for meaning and purpose. As the chapter progresses, we see Lucy embark on a journey of self-discovery, as she tries to figure out who she truly is and what she wants from life.Chapter 2: The Unexpected Encounter。
2011年考研英语二阅读第一篇
2011年考研英语二阅读第一篇全文共10篇示例，供读者参考篇1Hey guys, have you heard about the 2011 College English Test Band 2 reading section? Let me tell you all about it in a fun and easy way! So, here's the deal: in this reading section, there are four passages for us to read, understand, and answer questions about. It's like a little adventure where we get to explore different topics and learn new things!The first passage is usually about a social issue or a current event. It talks about things happening in the world and how they affect people's lives. It's super interesting because we get to see different perspectives and learn about what's going on around us.The second passage is usually a bit more academic. It could be about a scientific discovery, a historical event, or even a literary work. This one can be a bit challenging, but don't worry, we just need to focus and take our time to understand it.The third passage is about something related to culture or history. We might learn about different traditions, customs, orfamous figures from around the world. It's like taking a little trip to a new country without leaving our seat!The fourth passage is usually a bit lighter, like a personal story or an opinion piece. It's fun to read because we get to see how other people think and feel about different things. Plus, it helps us practice our reading comprehension skills.Overall, the reading section of the 2011 College English Test Band 2 is a great opportunity for us to learn, explore, and improve our English skills. So let's dive in, have fun, and do our best! Good luck, everyone!篇2Hello everyone, today I want to talk about the first reading passage in the 2011 English second entrance exam.The passage is about how people perceive the colors blue and green differently in different cultures. In Western countries, blue is often associated with calmness and sadness, while green represents freshness and health. But in China, blue is linked to masculinity and strength, while green symbolizes rage and jealousy. It's super interesting how the same colors can have such different meanings depending on where you are from!The passage also talks about how language can influence the way we see colors. For example, in Russian, there are different words for light blue and dark blue, which might make Russian speakers more sensitive to different shades of blue. It's crazy to think about how the language we speak can actually change the way we perceive the world around us.Overall, this passage really made me think about how culture and language can shape our perceptions of the colors we see every day. It's such a cool reminder that there's so much more to colors than just what meets the eye. I had so much fun reading and learning from this passage, and I can't wait to see what other interesting things the next reading passages have in store for us.That's all for now, thanks for listening to my summary of the first reading passage in the 2011 English second entrance exam! Have a great day everyone!篇3Hey guys! Today I want to talk to you about this reading passage from the 2011 English II exam. It's all about how humans are impacting the environment and what we can do to help.First off, the passage talks about how global warming is causing the ice to melt in the Arctic. This is really bad news foranimals like polar bears who rely on the ice to survive. But it's not just the polar bears who are in trouble, it's all of us. If we don't do something to stop global warming, we could see more extreme weather events like hurricanes and droughts.One way we can help is by reducing our carbon footprint. That means using less energy, driving less, and recycling more. We can also support renewable energy sources like solar and wind power. These clean energy sources don't release harmful greenhouse gases into the atmosphere like fossil fuels do.Another important point from the passage is how deforestation is harming the environment. Trees help clean the air by absorbing carbon dioxide and releasing oxygen. So when we cut down forests, we're not only destroying habitats for animals, but we're also making air pollution worse.To help stop deforestation, we can all do our part by planting trees, supporting sustainable forestry practices, and choosing products that are made from recycled materials.Overall, it's up to us to take care of our planet. We need to be mindful of our actions and make choices that will protect the environment for future generations. Let's work together to make a difference!篇4Hey guys, today I want to talk about the first passage of the 2011 GRE English II reading section. It was all about how technology is changing the way we learn and communicate. Pretty cool stuff!The passage talked about how technology like the internet and smartphones are making it easier for us to access information and connect with people all around the world. It also mentioned how some people think this is a great thing, while others are worried about the negative effects it might have on our brains and social skills.I thought it was really interesting to read about how technology is shaping our lives in so many ways. Like, I never realized how much I rely on my phone for everything from finding directions to keeping in touch with my friends. It's crazy to think about how different things were before all this tech stuff!Overall, I thought the passage was pretty easy to understand. There were some tricky words here and there, but I was able to figure them out by looking at the context. It was a fun read anddefinitely got me thinking about how technology is changing the world.So yeah, that's my take on the first passage of the 2011 GRE English II reading section. It was a cool topic and I can't wait to see what's next in the rest of the test!篇5Hey guys, have you heard about the 2011 Postgraduate Entrance Exam? Let me tell you all about the first reading passage in the English test!The passage is all about how music can affect our emotions and behavior. It talks about how music can make us feel happy or sad, calm or excited. Isn't that cool? I love listening to music, so this topic really caught my attention.The passage also mentions a study where people were asked to listen to different types of music while looking at pictures of faces showing different emotions. It turns out that the music they were listening to actually influenced how they perceived the emotions in the pictures. Can you believe that music has such a big impact on our brains?There's also a part in the passage where they talk about how music can help us communicate and understand each other better. I think that's so true! Music is like a universal language that everyone can understand and connect through. I always feel closer to my friends when we listen to music together.Overall, I think this passage is really interesting and it made me think a lot about how powerful music can be. I can't wait to see what other cool topics are in the exam this year!So, what do you guys think about the first reading passage? Let's chat about it!篇6Hey guys, today I'm going to talk about the first reading passage in the 2011 English II exam for the postgraduate entrance exam. It's all about how animals communicate, which is super cool!So, in the reading, it says that animals communicate in different ways, like using sounds, body movements, and even smells. For example, dolphins make clicking sounds to talk to each other underwater, how awesome is that? And did you know that bees dance to tell their friends where to find food? It's like a little bee dance party!But it's not just about making noises or dancing, animals also use body language to communicate. Like dogs wagging their tails when they're happy, or cats hissing when they're scared. It's so interesting to see how animals express their feelings without even saying a word.And guess what? Even plants communicate with each other! They release chemicals into the air to warn other plants of danger, like if there's a bug eating them. It's like they have their own secret language going on underground.Overall, this reading passage shows us just how amazing and complex the world of animal communication is. It's not just about words, it's about signals, gestures, and even scents. So next time you see a bird chirping or a squirrel twitching its tail, remember that they might be saying more than you realize! Just like how I'm telling you all this cool stuff about the reading passage. Pretty neat, right?篇7Hi everyone! Today, let's talk about the first reading passage from the 2011 National Entrance Examination for Master's Degree (English part). It's all about the evolution ofcommunication. Sounds cool, right? Let's dive in and explore together!The passage starts by introducing the importance of communication in our daily lives. It talks about how communication has evolved over time, from cave paintings and smoke signals to written language and digital communication. It's like a journey through history, showing how humans have always found ways to connect with each other.One interesting point the passage makes is about the role of technology in communication. It mentions how inventions like the printing press and the internet have revolutionized the way we communicate. It's crazy to think about how much our world has changed because of these technological advances.But it's not all rainbows and unicorns. The passage also touches on the negative effects of technology on communication. It talks about how social media can sometimes lead to misunderstandings and conflicts. It's a reminder that we need to be careful about how we use technology to communicate.In the end, the passage emphasizes the importance of effective communication in building relationships andunderstanding each other. It's a powerful reminder that communication is key to a harmonious society.So, what do you think about the evolution of communication? Have you ever thought about how technology has changed the way we connect with each other? Let me know your thoughts in the comments below!That's it for today's discussion on the first reading passage from the 2011 National Entrance Examination for Master's Degree. I hope you enjoyed exploring the evolution of communication with me. Thanks for reading, and see you next time!篇8Title: A Funny Story from My GrandmaHi everyone! Today I want to tell you a funny story that happened to my grandma. It was a sunny day, and my grandma was going to the market to buy some vegetables for dinner. As she was walking down the street, she saw a big dog running towards her. Grandma got scared and started running as fast as she could.But guess what? The dog was actually chasing a butterfly! It was jumping and barking happily, completely ignoring my grandma. When she realized this, she stopped running and started laughing. "Silly dog," she said, "chasing butterflies like a little kid."When she got to the market, she told everyone about the funny incident. They all laughed and said that they wished they could see it too. Grandma bought some fresh vegetables and headed back home, still chuckling to herself. She couldn't wait to tell Grandpa about what happened.When she got home, Grandpa was waiting for her with a big smile on his face. "What's so funny?" he asked. Grandma told him the whole story, and they both laughed so hard that tears came to their eyes.That day, my grandma learned that sometimes things are not as scary as they seem. And that even the most unexpected situations can bring laughter and joy. It's a story that I will always remember and cherish, and I hope it brought a smile to your face too.篇9Once upon a time, in the magical land of 2011, there was a big test called the GRE exam. It was a scary test that lots of smart people took to go to a special school called grad school. And in this test, there was a part called the Reading Comprehension.Now, the Reading Comprehension part had lots of reading passages that made people scratch their heads and say, "Huh?" But one brave little student named Timmy wasn't afraid. He put on his thinking cap and dove right in.The first passage was about something called "ecocentrism." Timmy didn't know what that word meant, but he read on. It talked about how some people thought that nature should be valued above all else. Timmy thought that sounded nice - he loved trees and animals too!The second passage was a bit trickier. It was about the history of architecture in ancient Greece. Timmy wasn't sure what all those fancy words meant, but he tried his best to understand. He learned about columns and temples and how they were all built a long time ago. It made Timmy feel like he was in a time machine!After reading all the passages, Timmy felt proud of himself. Even though some of the words were hard and he didn't know everything, he had tried his best. And that's all that mattered.So, the moral of the story is, even if you don't know all the answers, just keep trying. You never know what magical adventures you might find in the pages of a reading passage. The End.篇10Hey guys, today I'm gonna talk about the first reading passage of the 2011 National Postgraduate Entrance Examination ("2011"). So, grab your snacks and listen up!The passage is about the importance of sleep and how lack of sleep can affect our health and performance. It talks about how our body needs sleep to recharge and repair itself, and how not getting enough sleep can lead to all sorts of problems like memory loss, weight gain, and even serious health issues like heart disease and diabetes.I found this passage super interesting because I never really thought about how important sleep is before. I mean, I love staying up late watching TV or playing video games, but now I realize that I need to make sure I'm getting enough sleep to stay healthy and do well in school.The passage also talks about ways to improve our sleep, like having a routine bedtime, turning off screens before bedtime,and creating a comfortable sleep environment. I'm definitely gonna try some of these tips to see if they help me sleep better.Overall, I think this passage is a reminder for all of us to prioritize our sleep and take care of our health. So, let's all try to get a good night's sleep tonight and every night! Good night, everyone!。
爱丽丝1到12章的概括英语
爱丽丝1到12章的概括英语Alice in Wonderland is a classic children's novel written by Lewis Carroll, which follows the adventures of a young girl named Alice as she falls down a rabbit hole into a fantastical world. The story is divided into 12 chapters, each of which presents a unique and imaginative encounter for Alice. In this essay, we will provide a concise summary of the first 12 chapters of this beloved tale.Chapter 1: Down the Rabbit HoleThe story begins with Alice sitting on the riverbank, feeling bored and drowsy. Suddenly, she spots a White Rabbit wearing a waistcoat and carrying a pocket watch. Curious, Alice follows the Rabbit down a rabbit hole, which leads her to a strange, underground world. As she falls deeper, Alice notices that the walls of the tunnel are lined with shelves and cupboards, and she even spots a jar of marmalade.Chapter 2: The Pool of TearsAt the bottom of the rabbit hole, Alice finds herself in a dimly lit room with a small door. She tries to open the door, but it is too small for her to fit through. Frustrated, Alice begins to cry, creating a pool of tears around her. As the pool grows larger, Alice discovers a bottle labeled "Drink Me," which she drinks, causing her to shrink to afraction of her original size.Chapter 3: A Caucus Race and a Long TaleAfter shrinking, Alice encounters a group of unusual creatures, including a Dodo bird, a Lory, and an Eaglet. They engage in a peculiar "Caucus race," where the participants run in a circle until they are told to stop. Following the race, the Mouse tells Alice a long, convoluted story about his past.Chapter 4: The Rabbit Sends in a Little BillContinuing her journey, Alice encounters the White Rabbit again, who mistakes her for his servant, "Little Bill." The Rabbit orders Alice to go into his house and retrieve his gloves and fan. Inside the house, Alice grows to an enormous size, causing her to become stuck in the Rabbit's home.Chapter 5: Advice from a CaterpillarDesperate to find a way out of the Rabbit's house, Alice stumbles upon a Caterpillar smoking a hookah pipe. The Caterpillar provides Alice with cryptic advice, suggesting that she eat the mushroom he is sitting on to change her size.Chapter 6: Pig and PepperAfter following the Caterpillar's advice, Alice shrinks once more and ventures out, eventually arriving at the home of the Duchess. There,she encounters a Cook who is constantly pepper-ing the Duchess's food, a Cheshire Cat, and a baby that transforms into a pig.Chapter 7: A Mad Tea-PartyAlice's next stop is a tea party hosted by the Mad Hatter, the March Hare, and the Dormouse. The trio engage in a nonsensical conversation, constantly shifting topics and making little sense. Alice struggles to understand their peculiar behavior and the meaning behind their words.Chapter 8: The Queen's Croquet GroundLeaving the tea party, Alice finds herself in the Queen of Hearts' garden, where she witnesses a game of croquet being played with flamingos as mallets and hedgehogs as balls. The Queen is quick to order the execution of anyone who displeases her, much to Alice's dismay.Chapter 9: The Mock Turtle's StoryDuring the croquet game, the Cheshire Cat appears and directs Alice to the Mock Turtle, a creature with the body of a turtle and the head of a calf. The Mock Turtle tells Alice a story about his past life as a real turtle, and the two are joined by the Gryphon, a mythical creature with the body, tail, and back legs of a lion, and the head, wings, and front talons of an eagle.Chapter 10: The Lobster QuadrilleThe Gryphon and the Mock Turtle lead Alice in a peculiar dance called the "Lobster Quadrille," which involves a series of intricate steps and movements. As they dance, the Mock Turtle and the Gryphon continue to share their stories and perspectives on life in Wonderland.Chapter 11: Who Stole the Tarts?Alice's next encounter is a trial presided over by the King and Queen of Hearts, who are investigating the theft of some tarts. The Knave of Hearts is accused of the crime, and a variety of witnesses are called to testify, including the Hatter, the March Hare, and the Dormouse.Chapter 12: Alice's EvidenceAs the trial continues, Alice becomes increasingly frustrated with the nonsensical proceedings and the illogical behavior of the characters. Eventually, she stands up to the Queen and declares that the entire trial is a sham, causing the Queen to order her execution. However, before the sentence can be carried out, Alice wakes up, realizing that her adventures in Wonderland were just a dream.Throughout the first 12 chapters of Alice in Wonderland, the reader is taken on a whimsical and imaginative journey, filled with a cast of eccentric and unforgettable characters. From the White Rabbit's frantic rush to the Queen's tyrannical rule, each chapter presents anew challenge for Alice to navigate, testing her logic, patience, and sense of wonder. The story's enduring popularity is a testament to the timeless appeal of Carroll's unique and captivating storytelling.。
黑骏马第一章,到第六章每一章的读后感英文
黑骏马第一章,到第六章每一章的读后感英文全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1Chapter 1:In the first chapter of "Black Beauty", we are introduced to the protagonist of the story, a beautiful black horse named Black Beauty. The chapter follows Beauty from his early days as a colt, growing up in the English countryside. Despite the idyllic setting, we quickly learn that life as a horse is not always easy. Beauty faces the challenges of hunger, cold, and mistreatment from humans. Through it all, Beauty maintains his gentle spirit and kind nature, making him a likable and relatable character from the very start.Chapter 2:In the second chapter, Beauty is sold to Squire Gordon, a kind and compassionate man who treats his horses well. Under Squire Gordon's care, Beauty thrives and forms strong bonds with the other horses on the estate. The chapter highlights the importance of good treatment and respect for animals, as well as the positive impact it can have on their well-being. It isheartwarming to see Beauty find a sense of belonging and happiness in his new home, after the hardships he has endured in the past.Chapter 3:The third chapter of "Black Beauty" sees a change in Beauty's circumstances as Squire Gordon is forced to sell his horses due to financial difficulties. Beauty is sold to a new owner, a wealthy but cruel man who does not understand or appreciate the value of his horses. This chapter serves as a stark reminder of the harsh reality of life for many animals, who are seen as nothing more than property to be bought and sold. It is a poignant moment in the story, as Beauty is separated from his friends and once again forced to adapt to a new and uncertain situation.Chapter 4:In the fourth chapter, Beauty is sold again, this time to a cab driver named Jerry Barker. Jerry proves to be a kind and responsible owner, treating Beauty with care and respect. Beauty adapts well to his new life as a cab horse, learning the ropes of the job and forming a close bond with Jerry and his family. This chapter highlights the importance of trust and mutual respect between humans and animals, as well as the joy that can come from a strong and loving relationship. Beauty's experiences withJerry are a welcome respite from the hardships he has faced in the past.Chapter 5:Chapter five sees a change once again for Beauty, as Jerry is forced to sell him due to a change in his circumstances. Beauty is sold to a new owner, who turns out to be a harsh and cruel man. Under his care, Beauty is mistreated and overworked, leading to a decline in his physical and emotional well-being. This chapter is a difficult read, as we see Beauty struggle to cope with the abuse and neglect he faces. It is a stark reminder of the importance of compassion and empathy towards animals, and the devastating consequences of cruelty and indifference.Chapter 6:In the sixth chapter of "Black Beauty", Beauty's fortunes take a turn for the better as he is sold to a kind and gentle owner named Farmer Thoroughgood. Under Farmer Thoroughgood's care, Beauty thrives once again, enjoying a life of comfort and companionship. The chapter serves as a reminder of the impact that a caring and conscientious owner can have on an animal's well-being, and the importance of treating animals with kindness and respect. It is a heartening and hopeful chapter, as Beauty finds a sense of peace and happiness in his new home,surrounded by people who appreciate and value him for the magnificent creature that he is.篇2Chapter 1:In the first chapter of "Black Stallion", we are introduced to Alec Ramsay, a young boy who finds himself stranded on an island after a shipwreck. Despite the danger and uncertainty of his situation, Alec remains calm and composed, showing a resilience that is admirable for someone so young. The bond that forms between Alec and the mysterious black stallion is captivating, and sets the stage for an exciting journey ahead.Chapter 2:As Alec begins to unravel the mystery of the black stallion, we see his determination and thirst for adventure shine through. His willingness to take risks and follow his instincts makes him a truly compelling protagonist. The bond between Alec and the horse continues to grow stronger, showing the power of trust and connection between man and animal.Chapter 3:In this chapter, we witness Alec's growing admiration for the black stallion's strength and speed. He is in awe of the horse's abilities, and the sense of freedom that comes with riding him. The descriptions of their rides together are vivid and immersive, painting a picture of the beauty and power of the stallion in motion.Chapter 4:Alec's relationship with the black stallion deepens in this chapter, as he begins to understand the horse's wild nature and the challenges that come with taming him. The bond between them is tested as they face obstacles and dangers, but their trust in each other only grows stronger. The themes of loyalty and perseverance resonate throughout this chapter, showing the power of friendship and determination in overcoming adversity.Chapter 5:As Alec and the black stallion face new challenges and obstacles, we see the strength of their bond and the depth of their connection. Alec's determination to train the horse and bring out his full potential is inspiring, and highlights the importance of patience and perseverance in achieving our goals. The thrill of their races and adventures together is palpable, drawing the reader into their world of excitement and danger.Chapter 6:In the final chapter of this section, Alec and the black stallion face their greatest challenge yet as they enter a prestigious horse race. The stakes are high, but their determination and trust in each other carry them through to a thrilling victory. The themes of friendship, courage, and perseverance are prominent in this chapter, showing the power of belief in oneself and others. The bond between Alec and the black stallion is truly a testament to the resilience and strength of the human-animal connection.篇3Chapter OneIn the first chapter of "Black Beauty", the reader is introduced to a young horse named Black Beauty. The story is told from the perspective of the horse himself, which is quite unique and adds a personal touch to the narrative. As we follow Black Beauty through his early years, we are able to see the world through his eyes and gain a deeper understanding of the bond between horses and humans.One of the central themes of this chapter is the importance of kindness and compassion towards animals. Black Beauty's first owner, Farmer Grey, treats him well and forms a special bondwith the horse. This sets the tone for the rest of the story, highlighting the positive impact that kindness can have on both animals and humans.Overall, the first chapter of "Black Beauty" sets the stage for an emotional and thought-provoking journey. It serves as a reminder of the responsibility we have towards animals and the importance of treating them with respect and care.Chapter TwoIn the second chapter of "Black Beauty", we see our protagonist leaving the comfort of Farmer Grey's farm and entering a new world. Black Beauty is sold to Squire Gordon, a kind and gentle man who treats him with love and respect. Under Squire Gordon's care, Black Beauty thrives and forms a strong bond with his new owner.This chapter explores the theme of change and adaptation. Black Beauty is faced with a new environment and new people, but he is able to adjust and find happiness once again. The relationship between Black Beauty and Squire Gordon highlights the importance of trust and companionship in forming meaningful connections.Overall, the second chapter of "Black Beauty" continues to emphasize the significance of treating animals with kindness and respect. It serves as a reminder of the positive impact that love and compassion can have on both animals and humans.Chapter ThreeIn the third chapter of "Black Beauty", our protagonist undergoes a significant change as he is sold once again. This time, Black Beauty finds himself in the hands of a new owner, Jerry Barker, who works as a coachman for Sir Clifford Williams. Despite the challenges he faces in his new environment, Black Beauty remains resilient and adapts to his circumstances.This chapter delves into the theme of resilience and perseverance. Black Beauty is faced with adversity, but he refuses to give up and remains determined to overcome obstacles. The bond between Black Beauty and Jerry Barker grows stronger as they work together to navigate the challenges they encounter.Overall, the third chapter of "Black Beauty" is a testament to the strength and resilience of the protagonist. It serves as a reminder of the importance of staying true to oneself and remaining steadfast in the face of adversity.Chapter FourIn the fourth chapter of "Black Beauty", our protagonist's journey takes a dark turn as he is sold once again to a new owner, Mr. Nicholas Skinner. Under Skinner's cruel and abusive treatment, Black Beauty suffers greatly and loses his spirit. The once vibrant and spirited horse is now a shadow of his former self, driven to despair by the cruelty of his new owner.This chapter explores the theme of suffering and oppression. Black Beauty's mistreatment at the hands of Mr. Skinner serves as a stark reminder of the injustices that animals can face in the hands of cruel and selfish individuals. The bond between Black Beauty and his fellow horses becomes a source of strength and solidarity as they endure their hardships together.Overall, the fourth chapter of "Black Beauty" is a powerful and emotional exploration of the suffering and resilience of animals. It serves as a poignant reminder of the importance of standing up against cruelty and injustice towards all living beings.Chapter FiveIn the fifth chapter of "Black Beauty", our protagonist's fortunes take a turn for the better as he is sold to a new owner, Miss Flora Hawking. Under Miss Hawking's care, Black Beauty is treated with kindness and respect, and he begins to regain hisstrength and spirit. The bond between Black Beauty and his new owner grows stronger as they form a deep connection based on mutual trust and love.This chapter explores the theme of redemption and renewal. Black Beauty is given a second chance at happiness and he seizes it with determination and gratitude. The relationship between Black Beauty and Miss Hawking is a testament to the power of love and compassion in overcoming past traumas and building a brighter future.Overall, the fifth chapter of "Black Beauty" is a heartwarming and uplifting story of resilience and hope. It serves as a reminder of the transformative power of kindness and compassion in healing wounds and forging new beginnings.Chapter SixIn the sixth chapter of "Black Beauty", our protagonist faces new challenges as he is sold once again to a new owner, Earlshall Park. Under the care of the Earl of W , Black Beauty is treated with respect and care, but he must adapt to a new environment and new routines. Despite the changes he faces, Black Beauty remains steadfast and learns to navigate the complexities of his new life.This chapter delves into the theme of adaptability and perseverance. Black Beauty's ability to adjust to new circumstances and thrive in his new environment is a testament to his resilience and strength. The bond between Black Beauty and the Earl of W grows as they form a partnership based on trust and understanding.Overall, the sixth chapter of "Black Beauty" is a poignant and insightful exploration of the challenges and triumphs of adaptation. It serves as a reminder of the importance of resilience and perseverance in overcoming obstacles and embracing new opportunities.。
夏洛蒂˙勃朗特《简爱》第1章英文版
《简爱》英文版Jane EyreChapter OneThere was no possibility of taking a walk that day. We had been wandering, ind eed, in the l eafl ess shrubbery an hour in the morning; but since dinner (Mrs. Reed, when there was no company, dined early) the col d winter wind had brought with it cl ouds so sombre, and a rain so penetrating, that further out-door exercise was now out of the question.I was glad of it: I never liked l ong walks, especially on chilly afternoons: dreadful to me was the coming home in the raw twilight, with nipped fingers and toes, and a heart sad d ened by the chidings of Bessie, the nurse, and humbled by the consciousness of my physical inferiority to Eliza, John, and Georgiana Reed.The said Eliza, John, and Georgiana were now clustered round their mama in the drawing room: she lay reclined on a sofa by the firesid e, and with her darlings about her (for the time neither quarrelling nor crying) l ooked perfectly happy. Me, she had dispensed from joining the group; saying, ‘She regretted to be und er the necessity of keeping me at a distance; but that until she heard from Bessie, and coul d discover by her own observation, that I was end eavouring in good earnest to acquire a more sociabl e and childlike disposition, a more attractive and sprightly manner - something lighter, franker, more natural as it were - she really must exclud e me from privileges intend ed only for contented, happy, littl e chil dren.’‘What d oes Bessie say I have d one?’ I asked.‘Jane,I d on't like cavillers or questioners; besid es, there is something truly forbid ding in a child taking up her eld ers in that manner. Be seated somewhere; and until you can speak pl easantly, remain silent.’A small breakfast room adjoined the drawing room, I slipped in there. It contained a bookcase: l soon possessed myself of a volume, taking care that it shoul d be one stored with pictures. I mounted into the wind ow-seat: gathering up my feet, I sat cross-l egged, like a Turk; and, having drawn the red moreen curtain nearly cl ose, I was shrined in d oubl e retirement.Fol ds of scarl et drapery shut in my view to the right hand; to the l eft were the cl ear panes of glass, protecting, but not separating me from the drear November day. At intervals, whil e turning over the l eaves of my book, I studied the aspect of that winter afternoon. Afar, it offered a pale blank of mist and cl oud; near a sceneof wet lawn and storm-beat shrub, with ceasel ess rain sweeping away wil dly before a l ong and lamentabl e blast.I returned to my book - Bewick's History of British Birds: the l etter-press thereof I cared little for, generally speaking; and yet there were certain introductory pages that, child as I was, I coul d not pass quite as a blank. They were those which treat of the haunts of sea-fowl; of ‘the solitary rocks and promontories’ by them only inhabited; of the coast of Norway, studd ed with isles from its southern extremity, the Lind eness, or Naze, to the North Cape - Where the Northern Ocean, in vast whirls boils round the naked, melancholy isles of farthest Thule; and the Atlantic surge pours in among the stormy Hebrides.Nor could I pass unnoticed the suggestion of the bl eak shores of Lapland, Siberia, Spitzbergen, Nova Zembla, Iceland, Greenland, with ‘the vast sweep of the Arctic Zone, and those forl orn regions of dreary space, - that reservoir of frost and snow, where firm fields of ice, the accumulation of centuries of winters, glazed in Alpine heights above heights, surround the pol e, and concentre the multiplied rigours of extreme col d.’ Of these d eath-white realms I formed an id ea of my own: shad owy, like all the half-comprehend ed notions that fl oat dim through children's brains, but strangely impressive. The words in these introductory pages connected themselves with the succeeding vignettes, and gave significance to the rock standing up al one in a sea of billow and spray; to the broken boat strand ed on a d esolate coast; to the col d and ghastly moon glancing through bars of cl oud at a wreck just sinking.I cannot tell what sentiment haunted the quite solitary churchyard, with its inscribed headstone; its gate, its two trees, its l ow horizon, girdl ed by a broken wall, and its newly-risen crescent, attesting the hour of eventid e.The two ships becalmed on a torpid sea, I believed to be marine phantoms.The fiend pinning d own the thief's pack behind him, I passed over quickly: it was an object of terror.So was the black horned thing seated aloof on a rock, surveying a distant crowd surrounding a gall ows.Each picture tol d a story; mysterious often to my und eveloped und erstanding and imperfect feelings, yet ever profoundly interesting: as interesting as the tales Bessie sometimes narrated on winter evenings, when she chanced to be in good humour; and when, having brought her ironing-tabl e to the nursery hearth, sheallowed us to sit about it, and whil e she got up Mrs. Reed's lace frills, and crimped her nightcap bord ers, fed our eager attention with passages of l ove and adventure taken from ol d fairy tales and other ballads; or (as at a later period I discovered) from the pages of Pamela, and Henry, Earl of Moreland.With Bewick on my knee, I was then happy: happy at l east in my way. I feared nothing but interruption, and that came too soon. The breakfast room d oor opened.‘Boh!Madam Mope!’ cried the voice of John Reed; then he paused: he found the room apparently empty.‘Where the dickens is she!’he continued. ‘Lizzy!Georgy!’(calling to his sisters) ‘Joan is not here: tell mama she is run out into the rain - bad animal!’‘It is well I drew the curtain,’ thought I; and I wished fervently he might not discover my hiding-place; nor would John Reed have found it out himself; he was not quick either of vision or conception; but Eliza just put her head in at the d oor, and said at once -‘She is in the wind ow-seat, to be sure, Jack.’And I came out immediately, for I trembled at the id ea of being dragged forth by the said Jack.‘What d o you want?’ I asked, with awkward diffid ence.‘Say, "What d o you want, Master Reed,"’ was the answer. ‘I want you to come here;’ and seating himself in an armchair, he intimated by a gesture that I was to approach and stand before him.John Reed was a schoolboy of fourteen years old; four years ol d er than I, for I was but ten; large and stout for his age, with a dingy and unwhol esome skin; thick lineaments in a spacious visage, heavy limbs and large extremities. He gorged himself habitually at tabl e, which mad e him bilious, and gave him a dim and bl eared eye and flabby cheeks. He ought now to have been at school; but his mama had taken him home for a month or two, ‘on account of his d elicate health.’Mr. Miles, the master, affirmed that he would do very well if he had fewer cakes and sweetmeats sent him from home; but the mother's heart turned from an opinion so harsh, and inclined rather to the more refined id ea that John's sallowness was owing to over-application and, perhaps, to pining after home.John had not much affection for his mother and sisters, and an antipathy to me. He bullied and punished me; not two or three times in the week, nor once ortwice in the day, but continually: every nerve I had feared him, and every morsel of fl esh on my bones shrank when he came near. There were moments when l was bewil d ered by the terror he inspired, because I had no appeal whatever against either his menaces or his inflictions; the servants did not like to offend their young master by taking my part against him, and Mrs. Reed was blind and d eaf on the subject: she never saw him strike or heard him abuse me, though he did both now and then in her very presence, more frequently, however, behind her back.Habitually obedient to John, I came up to his chair: he spent some three minutes in thrusting out his tongue at me as far as he could without damaging the roots; I knew he would soon strike, and whil e dreading the bl ow, I mused on the disgusting and ugly appearance of him who woul d presently d eal it. I wond er if he read that notion in my face; for, all at once, without speaking, he struck sud d enly and strongly. I tottered, and on regaining my equilibrium retired back a step or two from his chair.‘That is for your impudence in answering mama awhil e since,’ said he, ‘and for your sneaking way of getting behind curtains, and for the l ook you had in your eyes two minutes since, you rat!’Accustomed to John Reed's abuse, l never had an id ea of replying to it; my care was how to endure the bl ow which woul d certainly foll ow the insult.‘What were you d oing behind the curtain?’ he asked.‘I was reading.’‘Show the book.’I returned to the wind ow and fetched it thence。
《小王子》原著英汉对照chapter1
《小王子》Chapter1[第一章]Once when I was six years old I saw a magnificent picture in a book,called True Stories from Nature,about the primeval forest.it was a picture of a boa constrictor in the act of swallowing an animal.Here is a copy of the drawing:我六岁那年，有一次，在一本书里看见一幅很棒的图画，那本书叫《亲身经历的故事》，写原始森林。
那幅图画上，一条大蟒蛇正在吞吃一头猛兽。
我把它描了下来。
In the book it said: “Boa constrictors swallow their prey whole, without chewing it. After that they are not able to move, and they sleep through the six months that they need for digestion.”书里写着：“大蟒蛇把猎物整个吞下，嚼都不嚼。
然后，它动弹不了，它得睡上整整六个月，才能消化肚子里的东西。
”I pondered（沉思）deeply, then, over the adventures of the jungle. And after some work with a coloured pencil I succeeded in making my first drawing. My Drawing Number One. It looked like this:对原始森林的探险，我当时想得很多。
于是，我也用一支彩色铅笔，画出了我的第一张画。
画作第1号。
就像这样：I showed my masterpiece to the grown-ups, and asked them whether the drawing frightened them.我把我的杰作拿给大人们看，问他们：“我的画是不是让你们很害怕？”But they answered: “Frighten? Why should anyone be frightened by a hat?”他们回答：“一顶帽子有什么好怕的？”My drawing was not a picture of a hat. It was a picture of a boa constrictor digesting an elephant. But since the grown-ups were not able to understand it, I made another drawing. I drew the inside of the boa constrictor, so that the grown-ups could see it clearly. They always need to have things explained. My Drawing Number Two looked like this:可我画的不是帽子呀。
远大前程1.1 第一部分第1章
brief introduction about the book
Always hope and friends around the competition, this is a major weakness of human. If they have money, we also want the money. If they are very poor, so we don't care about the same poor. We will not because of his stupid and ashamed, because we will only be around friends more than you feel ashamed. This is the "than" probபைடு நூலகம்em.
Nancy intervenes but is murdered viciously by Sikes after she has showed some redeeming qualities and has discovered Monk sinister intention. The story closes happily and with justice for Bumble and the cruel Monks who has hidden the truth of Oliver parentage out of malice. Accusations were made that the book glamorised crime (like the ewgate Group of the period) but Dickens wisely disassociated himself from criminal romances. His achievement was in fact in presenting the underworld and problems of poverty to the well-off in a way rarely attempted previously.
Chapter（1（
Anthony w as a woken b y t he t hick a roma i n t he a ir o f f resh c andy c anes, b uttery s oft c hocolate chip c ookies, a nd w arm c innamon p astries i n t he o ven, r eady t o g et e aten. L ook o ut w orld, h ere comes A nthony C laus, p reparing t o e at a ll o f y our f ood! A nthony j umped o ut o f b ed a nd g lanced at t he c lock, w hich s aid 6:00am. S uddenly, h e r emembered. I t w as h is f irst d ay o f S CHOOL! “Ack!”Anthony s crambled t o s lip o n h is c lothes. S hould I c hoose g reenish-‐white s ocks, w hitish-‐green s ocks, o r g reen s ocks? A nd t hose w ere j ust t he s ocks! A nthony t umbled d ownstairs, practically i nhaled h is b reakfast, (which c ontained h ot c ocoa a nd a f ew c ookies w ith e xtra chocolate c hips) a nd s kidded t o h is s led, a ll r eady t o g o.Hmmm… s omething f eels w rong. J ust t hen, h e r ealized t hat h e n eeded h is b ackpack. “RUNRUNRUNRUNRUN!” H e s houted t o h imself a s h e t ook t he e levator t o t he 2,000th f loor. When h e g ot t o t he t op, h e w as g reeted b y t he n oisy h ubbub o f e lves s crambling t o p ut together t oys. “Hi B ob #341!” H e y elled. B ob #341 s topped h is w ork a nd w aved b ack. “Can y ou hand m e m y b ackpack?” B ob #341 s aid, “Sure t hing, k iddo! A ll o f a s udden h is b ackpack hovered r ight i n f ront o f h im. A nthony g rabbed i t, j umped i nside t he e levator a gain, w ent down, a nd s lid i nto h is s led.He w iped h is s weaty p alms o n h is b lackish-‐something p ants. C alm d own; j ust d on’t c rash the s led t his t ime. “HYAAH! L et’s g o!” H e y elled. T he r eindeers d idn’t m ove. H e s ighed a nd recited t heir n ames. N ow t hey m oved. A nthony s hot o ff i nto t he s ky w ith v iolet a nd g reen m agic particles g uiding h im o n h is w ay t o s chool. T he l ast o f h is h ouse/factory/robot/bakery w as n ow a b limp o n t he m ountain, a nd A nthony t hought, i f s chool d oesn’t g o w ell f or m e, I’m g oing t o-‐ He d idn’t g et a c hance t o f inish t he t hought, f or t he s led d ipped l ow a nd s hot i nto t he l ight.After A nthony d idn’t c rash t he s led a nd s aw t he s chool, h is f irst t hought w as, Y up, I’m for s ure g oing t o d ie h ere. B ut h e d idn’t s ay t his b ecause n on-‐sanitary c onditions t he s chool w as being h eld i n. O r e ven t he r oving g angs o f b ullies a lready f orking k id’s l unch m oney f rom t heir pockets. I t w as b ecause g irls w ere a lready c lustering a round h im, l ooking, b lushing, a nd t hen trying t o “fix” t heir a lready p erfect h air.When A nthony w as a bout 9 y ears o ld, h is d ad, S anta J r., a lways s aid h e w as a h andsome young m an. A nthony d idn’t t hink m uch o f i t, (since d ads a lways s aid t hat, b ut h e s oon r ealized that H ANDSOME s tood o ut. A l ot. H e d idn’t l ook a t t he m irror a ll t he t ime, b ut w hen h e d id, h e guessed t hat h e w as-‐err-‐good l ooking. N ow t his c onfirmed i t. G reat. H e r an i nto t he s chool, went i nto t he c afeteria, a nd g ot h is a genda. I t w as a ll e asier t han h e e xpected. H e l ooked a t i t and s aw:Claus, A nthony D avid1 115 Jax, J ason Science2 712 Lesper, R obert Social S tudies3 118 Kirman, T racy Math4 919 Lin, J onathan English5 613 Henderson, R achel Reading6 516 Lewis, D aniel Band7 213 Deven, P atrick PE(Boys G YM)8 415 Chen, A shley AdvisoryWhat a bout l unch? H e w ondered a s h e h urried o ff t o r oom 115. H e a lmost m ade i t t o class s afely. A lmost. W hen h e w as 3 y ards a way, a s mell t hat w ould m ake a s kunk f aint e ntered his n ose. A b oy 6ft t all a nd 2ft w ide w ith a rms a s b ig a s t ree t runks a ppeared i n f ront o f h im. I t didn’t h elp t hat h e h ad a b unch o f s kulls t attooed t o h is a rms. B y t he n ame t ag, i t a ppeared h is name w as M itch.“Hi! M y n ame i s A nthony, a nd I r eally n eed t o g et t o c lass s o c an y ou p lease-‐pleasey please-‐pleasey p lease-‐pleasey-‐with-‐vanilla-‐icecream-‐whip-‐cream-‐and-‐a-‐cherry-‐on-‐top-‐let-‐me-‐go-‐through?” M itch d idn’t b udge. A nthony t ried t o d uck u nder h is a rm a nd g o t hrough. M itch punched h im i n t he f ace, a nd h e f lew d own t he h all a nd s lammed i nto t he w all. A nthony s aid, “Owwwww.” A pparently t he b ig b ad b ully w asn’t d one. H e c harged d own t he h all m aking a roaring n oise l ike a b ear t hat d idn’t h ave i ts c offee.Anthony d ucked a nd p repared f or t he f irst h uman p ancake t o b e c reated, b ut s omething stopped t he b ully. A nthony l ooked u p a nd s aw a w hole b unch o f g irls l ined u p i n b etween h im and t he b ully w ith t heir a rms c rossed. T he b ully w asn’t j ust s topped, h e w as d rooling. I t appeared t he w hole c heerleading s quad h ad s howed u p t o p rotect h im l ike b odyguards.“Get a way f rom h im.” A d evastatingly p retty g irl s tepped u p a nd m otioned t o M itch. Mitch g ot u p l ike a d og a nd b ounded o ut o f t he w ay, a nd a waited i nstructions. “SCRAM!” t he girls y elled, a nd h e f led i nto t he 8th g rade h allway. A nthony g ot u p, f lashed t hem a s mile, s aid a quick t hank y ou, a nd c harged i nto s cience c lass b efore a ny o f t hem c ould f ollow. H e s ighed. I t was o nly t he s tart o f t he d ay, a nd h e a lready a lmost g ot s mashed t o a p ulp. H opefully h e survived t he r est o f t he d ay. L ittle d id h e k now…Chapter 3Apart f rom a lmost e xploding t he r oom i n s cience, s etting a n ew r ecord f or t he m ile r un (6:03), a nd a f ew l ovesick g irl a nd a f ew b ully i ncidents, A nthony h ad a p retty n ormal d ay. A s h e ate d inner w ith 699,347,512 e lves, h e f ound o ut t hat h e a ctually s ort o f l iked s chool. F or instance, i n m ath, M rs. K irman g ave t hem a ll c ookies a nd l et t hem p lay f or t he r est o f t he d ay.He f ell a sleep w ishing t he n ew d ay w ould c ome, a nd w hen i t d id, h e r eceived h is f irst medal i n b ully k nocking o ut. H e p unched t hem i n t he n ose a nd d elivered a k arate c hop t hat h e learned f rom h is d ad w hen t hey w ere f ighting t he A bominable s nowman, q uickly k nocking them o ut. E veryone, i ncluding t he t eachers, c heered l ike c razy. A fter h e f led t he l unchroom t o avoid h is f ans, h e s aw t he h ead c heerleader, F iona, s tanding a gainst t he w all, l ooking a t h im. H e stared r ight b ack u ntil h e n oticed t hat h e w as s taring.Fiona g iggled n ervously a nd t hen s crawled d own h er n umber o n a p iece o f p aper a nd gave i t t o h im. T he m ost c heery a nd b eautiful o f t he c heerleading t eam h ad g iven h im h er phone n umber. A s h e s hared t hat h e w as a ctually S anta’s s on, m ore a nd m ore p eople w anted to b e h is f riend. B ullies l earned t o s tay a way f rom “that-‐dude-‐that-‐has-‐a-‐ton-‐of-‐friends-‐and –knocked-‐Kevin-‐out-‐in-‐the-‐lunchroom.” B y t he e nd o f t he w eek, h e t ook h is d ad’s a dvice a nd called F iona a nd a ll h is o ther f riends o ver f or o ne h uge p arty, f rom b onfires t o s’mores. H e a nd Fiona s nuck o ut a nd s at o n t he h ighest p lace i n t he p alace, l ooking a s s plashes o f p ink a nd orange g linted o ff t he g laciers.Anthony t hought h is l ife w as v ery c lose t o p erfect. H e h ad a g irlfriend, a s warm o f o ther friends a nd b uddies, a nd g reat g rades. H e w as a mong t he m ost p opular p eople i n s chool. H e took a c hance, d id s omething n ew, a nd l ook a t w hat h e a ccomplished. H e r emembered h is d ad telling h im o nce, “Sometimes, w hen l ife t akes y ou i n a d irection, y ou d on’t f ight a gainst i t; y ou let l ife d o i ts w ork.” A nd a s A nthony l ooked a t F iona’s h and i n h is, a nd h eard t he p artying friends b ehind h im, h e k new i t w as r ight.He s urvived t he f irst w eek o f s chool, i f h e t ried h ard, h e c ould h ave a n a wesome s chool year… h e h oped.。
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European Exploration Writings
Christopher Columbus 1451-1506
Captain John Smith 1580-1631
Had history taken a different turn, the United States easily could have been a part of the great Spanish or French overseas empires.
Native American Oral Literature
American literature begins with the orally transmitted myths, tales, and lyrics (always songs) of Indian cultures.
There was no written literature among the more 500 different Indian languages and tribal cultures that existed in North America before the first Europeans arrived.
We only focus on the European colonial experiences in the New World. (P1)
Discovery as the American Spirit
Discovery or exploration has become part of the American spirit. The Maine Woods (Thoreau) 缅因森林 1864
Captain John Smith 1580-1631
The name of Captain John Smith is now associated with the English expedition 远征， 探险 that founded the Jamestown colony in 1607. (p3-4) Since his writings were the first ones appearing in English in the New World, those who believe Americanness should be defined more in connection with British cultural sources suggest that American literature should begin with Captain Smith.
The discoveries are diverse in their cultural and historical situations. Christopher Columbus --- 2:00 am, Friday, October 12, 1492 --(determined by some historians)
Nature is alive and endowed with spiritual forces; main characters may be animals or plants, often totems associated with a tribe, group, or individual.
“America” ---- ‘the New World’ --North and South Americas ‘American literature’ ---- the body of literature created in the United States in North America
Part I Early American Literature: Colonial Period to 1815
Chapter 1 The Literature of the New World
Discoveries of America
The founding of the United States as a nation may be traced to the American Revolution in the 18th century, its multicultural heritages are rooted in the various explorations of the New World that had started several hundred years before the American Revolution.
America is always in the process of being discovered.
After the Age of Exploration, many American writers continued the spirit of discovery in that they pursued a world that is always new and exciting.
Its present inhabitants might speak Spanish and form one nation with Mexico, or speak French and be joined with Canadian Quebec and Montreal The first European record of exploration in America is in a Scandinavian language.
The song or poetry, like the narratives, range from the sacred to the light and humorous. Short poem-songs given in the dreams sometimes have the clear imagery and subtle mood associated with Japanese haiku or Easterninfluenced imagistic poetry.
Christopher Columbus 1451-1506
Columbus’s journal in ‘Epistola’, (书信， 拉 丁语) 1493, recounts the trip’s drama --the terror of the men, who feared monsters and thought they might fall off the edge of the world; 从世界的边缘掉下去 the near-mutiny 即将反叛的人们; how Columbus faked the ships’ logs 航海日志 so the men would not know how much farther they had travelled than anyone had gone before; and the first sighting of land as they neared America. 最初看到的景象
Carl Jung (Swiss psychologist) Odysseus and Prometheus (Greek heroes)
examples
Examples of almost every oral genre can be found in American Indian literature: lyrics, chants, myths, fairy tales, humorous anecdotes, incantations咒语, riddles, proverbs, epics, and legendary histories.
As a result, Native American oral literature is quite diverse.
Tribes maintained their own religions – worshipping gods, animals, plants, or sacred persons. Systems of government ranged from democracies to councils of elders to theocracies.
The Mexican tribes revered the divine Quetzalcoatl 羽 蛇神, a god of Toltecs and Aztecs, and some tales of a high god or culture were told elsewhere. There are no long, standardized religious cycles about one supreme divinity. The closest equivalents to Old World spiritual narratives are often accounts of shamans’ 萨满教的 道士 initiations and voyages.
American English consists of many cultural strains;
it evolved as people of different national and cultural backgrounds came to America, discovered America in their own terms, and added their own linguistic and cultural attributes to it.
These variations enter into the oral literature as well.