专题14动物保护-备战2022年中考英语阅读理解热点话题特训

14动物保护
Animals are part of the earth. But many of them are in danger. What should we do to help save them? In fact, it’s not as difficult as we think.
Be a vegan. Going vegan means that you don’t eat, wear or use anything that comes from an an imal. Just by going vegan, you’ll save the lives of more than 100 animals every year. Is that great? So do it now!
Don’t watch animals for fun. Animals live for their own reasons (原因), not to bring us fun. Lots of animals are against their natural living places. And people will never allow them to play with their family or do anything they want to do in the wild. To stop these, never go to a zoo, movie or circus that uses animals.
V olunteer(志愿) at your local animal reserve(自然保护区). The animal reserve is always a great help to animals. Whether you walk dogs, clean their houses or put up notices of saving animals, you are helping them. Call your local reserve and ask if it needs any help. You can make a big difference in the life of some animals!
Tell your friend. Share with your friends why you want to help animals and ask them to join you. The more help with animals there is, the better they get!
1．How many ways to help animals are there in the passage?
A．Three. B．Four. C．Five. D．Six.
2．The underlined word “vegan” may mean “________” in Chinese.
A．动物学家B．驯兽师C．动物管理员D．素食主义者
3．Which is NOT mentioned about volunteering in a local animal reserve?
A．Put up notices of saving animals. B．Clean their houses.
C．Feed animals. D．Walk dogs.
4．What can we do to help save animals?
A．We should never use anything that comes from animals.
B．We may buy an animal for our friend.
C．We should play with animals more.
D．We should go to the zoo often.
5．What’s the best title for the passage?
A．Watch animals in circus. B．How to look after animals.
C．How to save animals. D．How to play with animals.
The tiger is the largest wild cat-like animal in the world. Some tigers live in cold places 一in India and parts of Southeast Asia .A big tiger is about 200 kg, about the same as eight ten-year-old kids. A mother tiger gives birth to three or four baby tigers, and she will look after them until they are 1.5 years old.
They usually look for food alone, because they don’t like working with others. They can catch animals like sheep. Tigers wait until dark to work. Tigers can eat about 27 kg of meat in one night, but more often they eat about 5 kg for a meal. It may take days for a tiger to finish eating its kill (猎物). When the tiger feels full, it stops eating and covers the kill with leaves (树叶). When it gets hungry, it will come back to eat again.
Tigers live far away from each other. When they smell the trees around them, they know it’s another tiger’s land. Unlike most members of the cat family, tigers seem to enjoy water and they swim well.
6．A big tiger is as heavy as _________ ten-year-old children.
A．3 B．5 C．8 D．27
7．When tigers look for food, they don’t like to _________.
A．work with others B．wait until dark C．be alone D．fight with others
8．The meaning of the underlined word “cover” probably is _________.
A．杀戮B．保护C．捕获D．掩盖
9．From the passage, we can know that tigers _________.
A．know their lands clearly B．live in warm places in Asia
C．live together under the trees D．catch animals during the day
good place for fishing and horse riding. You can also find different kinds of flowers here. This is also a great walk for bird lovers.
Time: July 20—July 22 Tel: 83986432 Adult: $50 Child: $25
Trip 3 Five Days By The Sea
Wear your sun hat and enjoy wonderful sunshine from morning to evening. Our hotel is next to the sea. We have our own boats, too. You can swim in the sea or in the swimming pool. Every day our boat will take you to different places for swimming.
Time: July 13—July 17 Tel: 83549679 Adult: $80 Child: $40
10．If you want to go to the mountains, you can call ________.
A．83549679 B．83875629 C．84639818 D．83986432
11．Sam went to Hunter Valley with his wife and 5-year-old son. He should pay ________.
A．$25 B．$50 C．$100 D．$125
12．We can see these passages in a ________.
A．storybook B．newspaper C．picture book D．comic book
Passage4
There are about 3,000 dolphins（海豚）living in ocean parks around the world. People love watching them. But do they miss their home? The dolphin in this picture might be able to help them go back to the ocean.
Edge Innovations, a US company, built a life-like dolphin robot. It acts and sounds like a real dolphin. It can swim for at most 10 hours with enough electricity, ABC News reported.
The company is now bringing these dolphin robots to people. It hopes these dolphin robots will take the place of real dolphins in ocean parks, according to Daily Mail.
In fact, people who want to protect（保护）animals are worried about the results of keeping wild animals in parks. The animals have to perform（表演）for visitors many times a day, as well as learning some lessons. People around the world are doing more to protect wild animals. Parks and circuses in 20 countries cannot have wild
animal shows anymore, Reuters reported. For example, ocean parks in France won’t have dolphin shows in the
fu ture. Animal rights groups say this is “a great success, ” the BBC reported.
13．The dolphin robot in the picture can ________.
A．bring real dolphins home B．act like real dolphins
C．swim for at least 10 hours D．work with real dolphins
14．Animal lovers feel ________ when seeing animals perform for visitors.
A．surprised B．normal C．sad D．boring
15．There won’t be dolphin shows in the ocean parks in France because ________
A．there are few dolphins in parks
B．it helps protect dolphins
C．people don’t want to watch them
D．people like robotic dolphins better
The ocean is home to tens of thousands of fish. You can see fish swimming freely in the water. But you may not know that fish cannot explore every part of the ocean.
Recent studies have found that the deepest depth a fish can swim is 8,200 meters. This is about three quarters of the depth of the deepest part of the ocean. This is because of a chemical（化学物质）in fishes’ cells that is called trimethylamine n-oxide（TMAO）.
For example, if you take a ping-pong ball 10 meters underwater, the pressure turns it into a tiny piece of plastic. Most things break down after a certain depth underwater because of the high pressure.
TMAO warns fish of this danger at about 8,200 meters. If fish swim deeper, the TMAO chemical stops working and starts to damage the fishes’ brain cells.
Although there is life at the bottom of the sea, most fish live within the top 1,000 meters of the ocean. Even sharks, which are often described as the “kings of the ocean” have never swum deeper than 4,000 meters, not even half the depth of the ocean.
Deeper down in the ocean, the most dangerous animals are the deep-sea fish. The anglerfish is one such fish. It lives about 2,000 meters deep in the ocean. There is no sunlight at this depth. But anglerfish can produce light themselves. They use this light to find food.
Below even these fish is the cusk-eel. These small fish live close to the ocean floor at a depth of 8,000 meters,
far out of reach of hungry predators（猎食者）.
16．TMAO ________.
A．is a chemical in the ocean B．is a kind of plastic
C．can make things break down D．can protect fish from danger
17．What does the underlined word “damage” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?
A．围绕B．损害C．生成D．保护
18．How deep is the deepest part of the ocean?
A．8,200 meters B．1,000 meters
C．more than 4,000 meters D．more than 10930
19．Which of the following is TRUE?
A．Most fish live at the bottom of the ocean. B．Sharks can swim over half the depth of the ocean. C．Anglerfish can produce light to find food. D．Cusk-eels are easily eaten by hungry predators.
20．What does the story mainly tell us?
A．How fish live at the bottom of the sea. B．How deep fish can swim in the ocean.
C．How TMAO works in fishes’ brain cells.D．How fish find food in the deep ocean.
After class, students are having a discussion about rabbits in Australia.
Benny: Rabbits have been here for a very long time. They were introduced to Australia with the First Fleet in 1788. It’s too late now to say they shouldn’t be here. As you know, during th e 1930s when times were very hard, lots of people ate rabbits. They were a free source of food. Perhaps we should encourage more people to eat them today and that might solve a few problems.
Grace: What harm do they really do? Rabbits are so cute and they’ve been here such a long time. Surely, we can find ways to make them fit in with our environment.
Jessica: The problem with rabbits is that there are too many of them. Did you know that when they were introduced into Australia they spread very quickly to nearly every part of the country? It was the fastest spread ever recorded of any mammal（哺乳动物）anywhere in the world!
Fred: We need to get rid of all the rabbits in Australia. I know they are cuddly and cute, but we need to look after our native animals and plants. The rabbits are not a native species（物种）and they cause huge problems. They eat vast areas of grass and plants, which causes the soil to wear away. They also eat large amounts of farmers’
crops.
21．The rabbits were introduced to Australia ________.
A．during the 1920s B．during the 1930s
C．with the Second Fleet in 1788. D．with the First Fleet in 1788
22．What harm do rabbits do to the Australian environment?
A．They eat native animals. B．They don’t do any harm.
C．They eat native plants and farmers’ crops. D．They are cuddly and cute.
23．What do you think the purpose of this text is?
A．To provide information about keeping rabbits.
B．To present four different points of view about rabbits in Australia.
C．To explain why rabbits were introduced into Australia.
D．To encourage more people to eat the rabbits..
Wetlands—lakes, rivers, marshes and coasts, can maintain biodiversity(保护生物多样性), control floods and remove pollutants. They are also helpful to rice and fish production, transportation and so on. They are important and necessary feeding and breeding grounds for migratory birds. They are the most threatened ecosystem(受到威胁的生态系统).
World Wetlands Day came from the Convention on Wetlands(湿地公约) signed in Iran, China joined the convention on July 31, 1992. By the end of 2019, our country had 57 wetland nature reserves listed as major wetlands for protection under the convention, covering a total of nearly 7 million hectares.
______________________, as China has wetlands with 65.9 million hectares, 10 percent o f the world’s wetland areas, which comes fourth in the world. China also has some of Asia’s most important wetlands, such as Poyang Lake and Asia’s longest river, Yangtze River.
However, a WWF research showed China’s wetlands were seriously threatened by degradation because of pollution, climate change and over-exploitation. So our government has been taking actions to return farmland to wetland and remove some fish farms.
It was reported the 57 key Chinese wetlands increased by 2,479 hectares from 2018 to 2019. Li Yan, an official from the National Forestry and Grassland Administration, said at a news conference, “The area of wetlands in China has become larger over the past five years, growing by 202,600 hectares and making a great contribution
to water quality and environmental protection. Between 2016 and 2020, China created 201 national wetland parks. China had 899 national wetland parks by the end of 2020, and nearly half of the country’s wetlands are protected by some level of government.”
China is carrying through on the convention for a continuous development and will make continuing efforts to perfect the laws on wetland protection. Several major projects on wetland protection will be carried out in some major areas, such as Yangtze River and the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei province cluster.
24．Which of the following is the most suitable for the blank(空格) in Paragraph 2?
A．World Wetlands Day is well-known B．Wetlands in China are seriously threatened
C．China doesn’t have large areas of wetlands D．Protection of wetlands in China is very important
25．The underlined word “degradation” in Paragraph 3 probably means ________.
A．the process of something being made better
B．the process of something being made worse
C．the situation in which somebody has won all the respect
D．the situation in which somebody has lost all the respect
26．The writer lists some numbers in Paragraph 4 in order to ________.
A．introduce how large China’s wetlands are
B．explain how important China’s wetlands are
C．prove how much danger China’s wetlands are facing at present
D．show the achievements on wetland protection China has reached
27．What’s the best title for the passage?
A．Wetlands in China are Famous B．China Makes Laws on Wetland Protection
C．China’s Wetlands are in Danger D．China Makes Progress on Wetland Protection
There are about 10 million different kinds of animals on earth and they come in all shapes and sizes. The book named Variety in the Animal Kingdom simply introduces the huge variety of the animal kingdom. It features some of the most unusual animals in the world and includes key data on each species（物种）and their habits in the wild.
Some of the strangest animals in the world live in Australia and New Zealand. There is the kakapo parrot. It is a bird but it cannot fly. It is a nocturnal animal. It sleeps in the day and eats at night. There are only 131 kakapo parrots in the world.
The kiwi is another bird that cannot fly. Some birds are very beautiful, but the kiwi is not. It is one of the ugliest birds in the world. But the kiwi is the most romantic bird in the world. Male and female kiwis live together for 30 years.
Australia has many strange animals. The most surprising Australian animal is the platypus. It has the face and feet of a bird, the body of a rat and the tail of a beaver（河狸）. It is a mammal（哺乳动物）but it lays eggs.
The smallest mammal in the world lives in Asia. It is the bumblebee bat. It lives in Thailand. It is only 2.5 cm long and it weighs 3g. There are only 2,000 bumblebee bats left in Thailand because people burn the forest where they live.
28．The book named Variety in the Animal Kingdom mainly talks about ________.
A．special animals in the world
B．birds in New Zealand
C．animals in Australia
29．The underlined word “nocturnal” in Paragraph 2 means“________” in Chinese.
A．嗜睡的B．夜行的C．贪吃的
30．________ kinds of birds that cannot fly are mentioned in the passage.
A．Two B．Three C．Four
31．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A．A platypus has the body of a beaver.
B．A kiwi is romantic though it is ugly.
C．The number of kakapo parrot is larger than that of bumblebee bat.
32．We can most probably read the passage from ________.
A．a history book B．a medical report C．a science magazine.
【答案】
1．B2．D3．C4．A5．C
【分析】文章介绍了我们可以如何帮忙拯救动物。

1．细节理解题。

根据“Be a vegan. ... Don’t watch animals for fun. ... V olunteer at your local animal reserve. ... Tell your friend.”可知文中提到了四种帮助动物的方法。

故选B。

2．词义猜测题。

根据“Going vegan means that you don’t eat, wear or use anything that comes from an animal.”可知“Going vegan”指的是不吃、穿、用任何来自动物的东西。

由此可知“vegan”是指素食主义者。

故选D。

3．细节理解题。

根据“Volunteer at your local animal reserve. ... Whether you walk dogs, clean their houses or put up notices of saving animals, you are helping them.”可知文中提到了遛狗、清扫房子、张贴拯救动物的通知，未提到喂动物。

故选C。

4．细节理解题。

根据“Going vegan means that you don’t eat, wear or use anything that comes from an animal. Just by going vegan, you’ll save the lives of more than 100 animals every year.”可知要帮忙拯救动物，我们应该不用任何来自动物的东西。

故选A。

5．标题归纳题。

根据“What should we do to help save them?”及文中四种帮助拯救动物的方法，可知本文主要讲如何拯救动物，用“How to save animals.”做标题最合适。

故选C。

6．C7．A8．D9．A
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。

主要介绍了最大的野生猫科动物——老虎。

6．细节理解题。

根据“A big tiger is about 200 kg, about the same as eight ten-year-old kids.”可知，一只大老虎约200千克，大概和8个十岁的孩子一样重。

故选C。

7．细节理解题。

根据“They usually look for food alone, because they don’t like working with others.”可知，老虎通常独自寻找食物，不喜欢与其他老虎一起。

故选A。

8．词义猜测题。

根据“When the tiger feels full, it stops eating and covers the kill with leaves (树叶)”可知，老虎吃饱了之后，用树叶把猎物遮盖住。

故选D。

9．细节理解题。

根据“When they smell the trees around them, they know it’s another tiger’s land.”可知，当老虎闻到周围树的气味，它们知道这是另外一个老虎的领地。

故选A。

10．C11．D12．B
【分析】文章大意：这篇短文主要介绍了三则旅游广告信息。

主要介绍了它们的旅行内容，旅行时间，联
系电话及票价。

10．细节理解题。

根据“Four Days In The Mountains”中的电话联系方式“Tel:84639818”可知，如果想去爬山可以打电话84639818，故选C。

11．推理判断题。

根据“Hunter Valley”的票价“Adult: $50 ，Child: $25”可知，成年人50美元一张票，儿童25美元一张票，一共需要125美元，故选D。

12．推理判断题。

这篇短文主要介绍了三则旅游广告信息，会在报纸上看到，故选B。

13．B14．C15．B
【分析】本文主要讲述了一个美国公司发明了一个海豚机器人，它可以替代海洋公园里为游客表演的海豚，同时世界各地的人也在采取措施保护野生动物。

13．细节理解题。

根据“It acts and sounds like a real dolphin”可知海豚机器人的行为和叫声像真正的海豚。

故选B。

14．
推理判断题。

根据“In f act, people who want to protect（保护）animals are worried about the results of keeping wild animals in parks. The animals have to perform（表演）for visitors many times a day, as well as learning some lessons”可知这些动物爱好者会担忧公园里的动物，可推断当他们看到动物在为游客表演的时候，他们会感到伤心。

故选C。

15．细节理解题。

根据“People around the world are doing more to protect wild animals…For example, ocean parks in France won’t have dolphin shows in the future”可知法国采取这样的措施是为了保护海豚。

故选B。

16．D17．B18．D19．C20．B
【分析】文章大意：本文主要讲述了海洋是数万条鱼的家园，详细介绍了鱼的生活范围，及其一些鱼的生活特点。

16．细节理解题。

根据“TMAO warns fish of this danger at about 8,200 meters.”TMAO可在海里大约8200米处警告鱼有危险。

由此可知，TMAO可以保护鱼类免受危险，故选D。

17．词义猜测题。

根据“If fish swim deeper, the TMAO chemical stops working and starts to damage the fishes’ brain cells.”如果鱼游得更深，TMAO化学物质就会停止工作，并开始……鱼的脑细胞。

TMAO停止工作，可推测是开始“损害、伤害”鱼的脑细胞，因此damage意思应是“损害、伤害”，故选B。

18．推理判断题。

根据“Recent studies have found that the deepest depth a fish can swim is 8,200 meters. This is about three quarters of the depth of the deepest part of the ocean.”最近的研究发现，鱼能游到的最深处是8200
米。

这大约是海洋最深部分深度的四分之三。

由此可以计算出8200÷3/4=10933，因此D选项符合题意，故选D。

19．细节理解题。

根据“But anglerfish can produce light themselves. They use this light to find food.” 但是琵琶鱼自己可以发光。

它们用这种光来寻找食物。

可知，琵琶鱼可以发光来寻找食物。

故选C。

20．主旨大意题。

根据“But you may not know that fish cannot explore every part of the ocean.”引起下文，即鱼不能触及到海洋的每个部分；以及“Recent studies have found that the deepest depth a fish can swim is 8,200 meters.”最近的研究发现，鱼能游到的最深处是8200米。

并在下文中举例说明理由，因此本文主要是想告诉我们大海里的鱼能游多深，故选B。

21．D22．C23．B
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要是几个学生在讨论关于澳大利亚的兔子问题。

21．细节理解题。

根据第二段“They were introduced to Australia with the First Fleet in 1788.”可知是在1788年随着第一舰队进入澳大利亚的，故选D。

22．细节理解题。

根据文章“They eat vast areas of grass and plants, which causes the soil to wear away. They also eat large amounts of farmers’ crops.”可知兔子吃大片区域的草，植物和庄稼。

故选C。

23．主旨大意题。

文章主要讲了几个不同的孩子对澳大利亚兔子的不同观点，故选B。

24．D25．B26．D27．D
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，向我们介绍了世界湿地日的有关信息，主要介绍中国在湿地保护方面取得的成绩，告诉人们湿地在人们生活中的作用。

24．推理判断题。

分析“By the end of 2019, our country had 57 wetland nature reserves listed as major wetlands for protection under the convention, covering a total of ne arly 7 million hectares…as China has wetlands with 65.9 million hectares, 10 percent of the world’s wetland areas, which comes fourth in the world. China also has some of Asia’s most important wetlands, such as Poyang Lake and Asia’s longest river, Yangtze River.”可知，本段介绍中国加入湿地公约，介绍了中国在湿地保护方面的努力，选项D“保护湿地在中国是非常重要的”符合语境，故选D。

25．词义猜测题。

分析“However, a WWF research showed China’s wetlands were seriously threatened by degradation because of pollution, climate change and over-exploitation.”可知，世界自然基金会的一项研究表明，由于污染、气候变化和过度开发，中国的湿地正受到退化的严重威胁。

此处degradation的意思是“退化”，故选B。

26．推理判断题。

根据“The area of wetlands in China has become larger over the past five years, growing by 202,600 hectares and making a great contribution to water quality and environmental protection…and nearly hal f of the country’s wetlands are protected by some level of government.”可知，本段列出的各种数据是为了说明中国在湿地保护方面取得的成绩，故选D。

27．最佳标题题。

本文向我们介绍了世界湿地日的有关信息，主要介绍中国在湿地保护方面取得的成绩，告诉人们湿地在人们生活中的作用。

选项D“中国湿地保护取得新进展”符合主题，故选D。

28．A29．B30．A31．B32．C
【分析】文章主要介绍了世界上四种奇特的动物。

28．细节理解题。

根据“The book named Variety in the Animal Kingdom simply introduces the huge variety of the animal kingdom. It features some of the most unusual animals in the world...”可知，这本书介绍了动物界中各种各样的动物，着重介绍了一些非常奇特的动物。

故选A。

29．词义猜测题。

根据“It sleeps in the day and eats at night.”可知，鸮鹦鹉白天睡觉，夜间觅食。

由此可知，它是一种夜行动物，故画线词应意为“夜行的”。

故选B。

30．细节理解题。

根据“There is the kakapo parrot. It is a bird but it cannot fly.”可知，鹦鹉虽然是鸟，但是它不会飞；根据“The kiwi is another bird that cannot fly.”可知，几维鸟也是一种不会飞的鸟。

由此可知，全文共提及两种不会飞的鸟。

故选A。

31．推理判断题。

根据“It is one of the ugliest birds in the world. But the kiwi is the most romantic bird in the world.”可知，几维鸟是世界上最丑陋的鸟类之一，但是它是世界上最浪漫的鸟。

故选B。

32．推理判断题。

通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了世界上四种奇特的动物，因此本文最有可能摘自科学杂志。

故选C。