定语从句专项讲解

定语从句专项讲解

提问：定语是什么？

修饰限定名词或代词的成分被称为定语。

举例: This is a beautiful flower. （形容词作定语，置前）

This is a flower in the garden. （介词短语作定语，置后）

This is

先行词

修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。

结构： 先行词+ 关系词+ 其他

关系词的用法:

1. 关系词的分类：1）关系代词： who, whom, which, that, whose

2）关系副词： when, where, why (作状语)

2. 关系代词在句中充当成分

3. 关系代词的详细用法

● who, whom 的用法

1) who 在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语可省。

The girl who is in red is Lily. (作___________,不可省）

I like the person who you are talking to. (作___________,可用whom/that 替换或者省略) You are who you are. (作___________, 不可省)

2) whom 在句中作宾语， 限制性从句可省，非限制性从句中不能省略

I happened to meet the professor whom I got to know at a party yesterday.(作________,可省)

I have many friends to whom I am going to send postcards. （_________后面不可省）

● whose 的用法

whose 的先行词既可指人，也可指物。在定语从句中作定语，whose = the n. +of which/whom e.g. This is the scientist whose achievements are well known. (whose 指人)

= This is the scientist, ____________ the achievements are well known.

e.g. I ’d like a room whose window faces the sea. （whose 指物）

= I ’d like a room ______________ the window faces the sea.

● that 和which 的用法

1) 限制性定语从句中，通常情况下可以互换。

that 指人或物，which 指物不指人，作主语或宾语，作宾语可省，主语不能。

His father works in a factory that/which makes TV sets. (作___________, 不可省)

The coat _______________ I put on the desk is black. （作___________, ___________） The room in ________

I live is very big.

= The room _________ I live in is very big.

2）只用that ——“人物最不避人物”

Is this the museum that you visited the other day? (指_______,可用_______)

Jack is no longer the person that I met five years ago. （指______, 可用_______、________） This is the best film that has been shown so far in the city. (先行词被___________修饰) The first thing that we should do now is to find a local guide. （先行词被___________修饰） All the apples __that__ fell down from the tree were eaten up by the pigs.

There is not much ___________ ought to be done right now. (先行词为____________)

He did everything could help us. (先行词为____________)

(10 全国2) I refuse to accept the blame for something ____________ was someone else’s fault.

A. which

B. whose

C. who

D. that

Who is the person that is standing at the school gate? （前有__________）

哪辆自行车是你弄丢的那辆？_________ is the bike ________ you lost?

Tell us about the people and the places _that are different from ours.

I’m going to talk about the countries and people that I have visited.（先行词是_____________）

3) 只用which

①在非限制性定语从句中

She lost the game, which depressed her greatly.

Tokyo, ___________ is the capital of Japan, sees great changes every day.

②在定语从句中作介词的宾语，且介词位于关系代词前。

The house in which I used to live has become a shoe shop.

The pen with __________ you are writing is Jeff’s.

③如果有两个定语从句，其中前一个关系代词用that，后一个宜用which

Let me show you the novel that I borrowed from the library which was newly open to us.

Step 1: 找出先行词，判断指人指物

Step 2: 判断定语从句中缺什么成分（主语、宾语、表语、定语）

Step 3: 选择合适的关系代词。

1. This is the bag ________ my mother bought yesterday.

A. that

B. who

C. whom

D. This

2. The man ________ lives next to us is my English teacher.

A. whom

B. which

C. who

D. /