单招考试语文+英语卷(答案) (3)

湖南单独考试招生文化考试
语文卷
（满分150分，考试时间120分钟）
一、基础知识及运用：（本题共20小题，每小题3分，共60分.在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的.）
1.下列各项词语中加点字的注音，有误
．．的一项是()
A.蓼．蓝liǎo跬．步kuǐ静谧．mì恪．尽职守kè
B.赭．色zhě戕．害qiāng狙．击jū冯．虚御风píng
C.隽．永juàn老饕．tāo熨．帖yù跌宕．起伏dàng
D.氤氲．yūn拓．片tuò敕．造chì羽扇纶．巾lún
2.下列词语中对加点字的注音，全都正确的一组是()
A.颤．（zhàn）动敛裾．（jū）梵．（fàn）语媛．（yuàn）女
B.霎．（shà）时廿．（niàn）四混沌．（dùn）蕈．（tán）菌
C.蠡．（lǐ）测瞥．（piē）见愆．（qiān）期晏．（yàn）乐
D.牡．（dǔ）牝象弭．（mǐ）霏霏．（fēi）修姱．（kuā）
3.下列词语中加点的字，每对读音都不相同的一组是()
A.缜．密∕佯嗔．宽宥．∕囿．于成见纡．尊降贵∕长吁．短叹
B.稼穑．∕樯．橹肄．业∕肆．无忌惮剜．肉补疮∕婉．言谢绝
C.痼．疾∕禁锢．箴．言∕缄．默不语敏行讷．言∕方枘．圆凿
D.栖．身∕哂．笑仓廪．∕天赋异禀．殚．精竭虑∕箪．食壶浆
4.选出下列说法有误的一项（）
A.“祝福”是旧时浙江绍兴一带曾经流行的一种习俗。

旧历年底，人们举行年终大典，将三牲煮熟作为“福礼”，恭请天神和祖宗享用，感谢他们保佑当年“平安”，并祈求来年“幸福”。

B.蔺相如最终派从者怀璧归赵的原因除了认清秦王以城易璧的骗局外，还由于他在赵
王面前做出的一定要完璧归赵的承诺。

C.苏武出身于功臣之家，兄弟几人在汉朝做官；苏武受汉武帝派遣，与张胜、常惠等出使匈奴，后来因受谋反事件牵连而被匈奴扣押。

D.卡尔·萨根，美国科学家，科普作家。

对无人航天器发送太空起过重要作用，在行星科学、生命起源、外星智能探索等方面也有诸多成就。

5.下面词语中加横线字的读音，全都不相同的一组是（3分）
A.疏浚逡巡唆使崇山峻岭怙恶不悛
B.侠士脸颊海峡狭路相逢汗流浃背
C.供给烘托哄骗山洪暴发垂拱而治
D.稂莠狼藉酝酿书声琅琅惊涛骇浪
6.下列词语中没有错别字的一组是()
A.诡计诙谐姿势再接再厉
B.通辑道欠装订儒子可教
C.穿带作崇肄业有事无恐
7.下面句子中横线上应依次选填的词语是()
那人东张西望，神色慌张，_____十分可疑，很可能就是那个_____不定而久未抓到的犯罪嫌疑人张某。

A.行踪行迹
B.形迹行迹
C.行踪形迹
8.下列词语中没有错别字的一组是()
A、株连符合戳穿流连忘返
B、历害深澳缀学食不果腹
C、娇健传诵喧器责无旁代
9.依次填入下列横线上的词语，最恰当的一组是()
追求成熟，已成为当今社会的一种____，尤其是_____不深的年轻人，更想以老到、____、成熟的面孔引起别人对自己的注意和重视，甚至有的年轻人尽管还很不成熟，却陶醉于自我认定的成熟状态之中。

A、时尚入世深刻
B、时尚涉世深沉
C、时髦涉世深刻
10.下列各句中关联词语搭配恰当的一句是()
A、日本妇女无论有多么大的才能，却难以像中国妇女那样充分发挥出来。

B、只有从根本上解决了为什么人的问题，就能更好地为广大人民群众服务。

C、平时来这里游览公园的人尚且这么多，节假日就更多了。

11.《都江堰》中都江堰的主要文化内涵及被认为是比长城更激动人心的工程的根本原因是（）
A.造福于民
B.大智大勇
C.只知贡献
D.雄伟神圣
12.我国文学史上第一部诗歌总集是（）
A.《诗经》
B.《楚辞》
C.《乐府诗集》
D.《古诗十九首》
13.《湘夫人》中所渗透的屈原的主要精神是（）
A.对流放遭遇的忧伤
B.对完美人格的追求
C.对美好理想的执著
D.对理想破灭的失望
14.总体说来，《陌上桑》是一首（）
A.采桑乐歌
B.美女赞歌
C.抗暴壮歌
D.夸夫喜剧
15.《长恨歌》的主旨是（）
A.对李、杨早先的耽乐误国，有所讽刺
B.对李、杨感情的惋惜
C.对李、杨悲剧的同情和对两人真心相爱的歌颂
D.借古讽今
16.《再别康桥》中，象征着西方文明的事物是（）
A.西天的云彩
B.河畔的金柳
C.彩虹似的梦
D.别离的笙箫
17.《雨巷》中，象征着环境凄苦、遭际不幸的事物是（）
A.丁香姑娘
B.雨的哀曲
C.独自彷徨
D.颓圮的篱墙
18.《祖国啊，我亲爱的祖国>中“新刷出的雪白的起跑线”的象征意义是（）
A.历史中国的负重蜗行
B.历史中国的希望失落
C.新时期中国旭日东升
D.新时期青年热血沸腾
19.《断魂枪>开头的社会环境描写，对后文人物性格展现的主要作用是（）
A.设置一个让人物充分表演的舞台
B.制造一种推动故事发展的气氛
C.衬托种种落后于时代的人物心态
D.揭示人物性格形成的社会根源
20.《麦琪的礼物>作者采用虚实双线并行的结构，其主要目的是（）
A.制造悬念
B.留有余地
C.避免重复
D.强化矛盾
二、判断题：（将下面判断结果填在括号内，正确的打√，错误的打×，每小题5分，共15分）
1、自从有了人类，就有了教育。

（）
2、强调全面发展指的是要求每个学生各方面都平均发展。

（）
3、在今后的课程改革和发展中，如何在小学课程中增加学生的直接经验是重要的理论和实践问题。

（）
4、离开了教的内容，怎么教就无从发生，离开了教的形式，教什么就将完全落空。

（）
5、教材就是教科书。

（）
三、填空题(共15分)
1.丽梁君臣之首，入于太庙
函:
2.即彼成我败所由判也
判:
3.今君有区区之薛，不拊爱子其民，因而贾利之
子其民:
4.羽岂其苗裔邪?何兴之暴也
苗商:
5.其莳也若子，其置也若弃
置:
6.从政有经，令行为上
有经:
7.哀吾生之须臾，羡长江之无穷
须臾:
8.梨园以技鸣者，无虑数十辈
以技鸣:
9.作家由此而向现代官场衮衮诸公诘问:活着或死了应该站在哪里衮衮诸公:
四、文言文阅读(共20分)
（一）望岳杜甫
岱宗夫如何？齐鲁青未了。

造化钟神秀，阴阳割昏晓。

荡胸生曾云，决眦入归鸟。

会当凌绝顶，一览众山小
（1）.请鉴赏诗作中“割”字的好处
（2）.诗作中最后两句抒发了作者怎样的情感？
（二）吾尝终日而思矣，不如须臾之所学也；吾尝跂而望矣，不如登高之博见也。

登高而招，臂非加长也，而见者远；顺风而呼，声非加疾也，而闻者彰。

假舆马者，非利足也，而致千里；假舟楫者，非能水也，而绝江河。

君子生非异也，善假于物也。

积土成山，风雨兴焉；积水成渊，蛟龙生焉；积善成德，而神明自得，圣心备焉。

故不积跬步，无以至千里；不积小流，无以成江海。

骐骥一跃，不能十步；驽马十驾，功在不舍。

锲而舍之，朽木不折；锲而不舍，金石可镂。

蚓无爪牙之利，筋骨之强，上食埃土，下饮黄泉，用心一也。

蟹六跪而二螯，非蛇鳝之穴无可寄托者，用心躁也。

(选自荀子《劝学》)
1.解释下面加点的词语。

（共2小题，每小题2，共4分）
①声非加疾也，而闻者彰。

②君子生非异也，善假于物也。

2.用现代汉语翻译下面句子。

（共2小题，每小题2分，共4分）
①假舟楫者，非能水也，而绝江河。

②积善成德，而神明自得，圣心备焉。

3.“蚓无爪牙之利，筋骨之强”是什么句式？
4.请写出选文中包含的两个成语。

五、短文理解（共10分）
请根据所给材料，把下列两个语句补充完整。

要求对材料内容分别进行概括。

地震、风灾、冰灾、海啸等灾难的发生，是不以人类的意志为转移的；但是人类可以在灾难面前万众一心、积极应对，而不是畏惧退缩、怨天尤人。

我们不能选择，但我们能够选择。

六、作文(30分)
“一寸光阴以寸金，寸金难买寸光阴。

”虚度光阴不是青春,惜时好学才是青春；驻足
等待不是青春,昂扬前行才是青春.以《青春》为题目,写一篇文章.
要求：立意明确,体裁自选(诗歌除外),结构完整,字迹工整,不少于800字,不得抄袭,不得套作,不得出现真实的人名、校名、地名.
参考答案：
一、基础知识及运用
1-5题答案：DCBBC
6-10题答案：ABABC
11-15题答案:AACBC
16-20题答案:ABCCA
11.解析]文章在一开始就与长城作对比，从而得出长城固然伟大，但“永久性地灌溉了中华民族”的都江堰却更伟大的结论，即都江堰能“造福于民”。

答案为A。

12.解析]我国最早的一部诗歌总集是《诗经》，全书分为“风”、“雅”、“颂”三部分，又称“诗三百”。

答案为A。

13.解析]《湘夫人》在突出神恋的真挚情谊中，渗透进作者对遭受排挤、打击、流放的忧伤情绪和对社会理想、完美人格的坚执追求精神。

A、B项不是主要精神，答案为C。

14.解析]《陌上桑》以幽默诙谐的风格和喜剧性艺术手法，刻画了一个既美丽、又坚贞、又聪明的采桑女子形象，是一首美女赞歌。

答案为B。

15.解析]长诗铺叙了唐玄宗李隆基宠幸贵妃杨玉环以及他们之间生离死别的爱情故事，
主旨是对李、杨悲剧的同情和对两人真心相爱的歌颂。

答案为C。

16.解析]象征着西方文明的事物是西天的云彩，C项是隐喻美好理想的事物。

答案为A。

17.解析]A项是一切美好的化身；B项是环境凄苦、遭际不幸的象征；C项是等待、希望和追求的象征；D项是家园破落与环境总值的低潮的象征。

答案为B。

18.解析]“新”及“起跑线”富有生机与活力的意象，象征了祖国正如东升的旭日喷薄而起。

答案为C。

19.解析]文章开头设置一个特殊的社会环境，在这种环境下刻画了沙子龙的“不得不醒”和孙老者与王三胜的仍然沉潜在“东方大梦”之中，从而突现人物心态。

答案为C。

20.解析]作者采用“一虚一实，双线并行”的结构，造成了强烈悬念，在结尾形成一个令人惊愕而又不违背情理的精彩结局。

C项不是主要目的，答案为A。

二、判断题：
1、√
2、×
3、√
4、V
5、×
三、填空题
1.丽梁君臣之首，入于太庙
函:用木匣盛装，名词动用。

2.即彼成我败所由判也
判:分开、区别
3.今君有区区之薛，不拊爱子其民，因而贾利之
子其民:把民众看做是自己的子女
4.羽岂其苗裔邪?何兴之暴也
苗商:后代
5.其莳也若子，其置也若弃
置:搁、放置
6.从政有经，令行为上
有经:有一定的原则
7.哀吾生之须臾，羡长江之无穷
须臾:片刻、极短的时间
8.梨园以技鸣者，无虑数十辈
以技鸣:因技艺高而出名
9.作家由此而向现代官场衮衮诸公诘问:活着或死了应该站在哪里
衮衮诸公:身居高位的官僚
四、文言文阅读
（一）：（1）、一个“割”字写出了高大的泰山将山南山北的阳光切断，形成两种不同的自然景观，突出了泰山遮天蔽日的形象。

（2）、写出了不怕困难、敢于攀登绝顶的精神和俯视一切的雄心和气概。

（二）：1：彰，清楚，显著；假，借助。

2：借助船舶楫桨的人，不一定善于游水，却能横渡长江黄河；积累善行从而养成高尚的品德，精神就可以达到很高的境界，圣人的思想也就具备了。

3：定语后置。

4：锲而不舍、跬步千里、驽马十驾、积水成渊、积善成德。

五、短文理解
要不要灾难对待灾难的态度
2023年单独招生统一考试
英语试卷
（满分120分，考试时间90分钟）
一.选择题：（本题共20小题，每小题3分，共60分）
1.In fact she was_____of softball,tennis and track.
A.much more fond
B.much fond
C.very fonder
D.too more fond
2.She is_____out on Sundays.
A.almost
B.mostly
C.most
D.the most
3.It may rain,but I shall go out_____.
A.somehow
B.anyhow
C.somewhat
D.anywhere
4.Not until Mr.Smith came to China______what kind of a country she is from.
A.Didn’t he know
B.Had he known
C.Hadn’t he known
D.Did he know
5.So badly______in the accident that he was sent to a hospital.
A.did he hurt
B.he was hurt
C.was he hurt
D.be did hurt
6._______about the universe up till now.
A.So little had me known
B.Only a little do we know
C.Very little have we known
D.Little shall we know
7.______unless I call you.
A.Please come
B.Not come in
C.Don’t come in
e in
8.Do you mind______alone at home?
A.Jane leaving
B.Jane having left
C.Jane’s being left
D.Jane to be left
9.I’d rather he______tomorrow afternoon.
A.will come
ers
ing
D.came
10.______a good insulator(绝缘体),rubber is often used in cables.
A.Having been
B.To be
C.Be
D.Being
11.-----Do you have clothes______?
I’ll wash them for you.
------No,thank you.I will wash them myself.
A.to be washed
B.to wash
C.washing
D.being washed
12.This is the______bag______lost yesterday,but it’s not mine.
A.same;as
B.same;that
C.very;that
D.such;as
13.The sun shines brightly in the sky______us light and heat.
A.that give
B.having given
C.to give
D.giving
14.It’s the fifth time______late this term.
A.that you’ve arrived
B.that you arrived
C.when you’ve arrived
D.when you arrived
15.He gets up early and reads English aloud,___he has greatly improved his English.
A.on the way
B.by the way
C.in this way
D.in this means
16.In the cinema,there was an old man______beside me.
A.at
B.sit
C.sitting
D.to sit
17.They need twenty more workers______their group to do the job..
A.except
B.but
C.beside
D.besides
18.The boy pretended______his homework,when his parents came back home.
A.to do
B.do
C.doing
D.to be doing
19.It was until last year that he______.
A.left his home town for a new start
B.came to realize the importance of leaving English
C.worked as an English teacher at a middle school
D.set out to build a new house of h his own
20.I think______at the train station will surprise Aunt Kate.
A.your being
B.you are
C.you were
D.you to be
二.填空题：(共30分)
1.His face，arms and body are just like those of millions of
Chinese.farmers,_____(他一直在为他们努力着)for the past five decades. (struggle)
2.Dr Yuan searched for a way to increase rice harvests_______(而不需要增加土地面积).(without)
3.Some organic farmers prefer planting grass between crops to______(防止风或水把土壤带走).(prevent)
三.阅读理解：(共20分)
A
Diana Jacobs thought her family had a workable plan to pay for college for her 21-year-old twin sons:a combination of savings,income,scholarships,and a modest amount of borrowing.Then her husband lost his job,and the plan fell apart.“I have two kids in college,and I want to say‘come home,’but at the same time I want to provide them with a good education,”says Jacobs.The Jacobs family did work out a solution:They asked and received more aid form the schools,and each son increased his borrowing to the maximum amount through the federal(联邦政府的)loan program.They will each graduate with$20,000of debt,but at least they will be able to finish school.With unemployment rising, financial aid administrators expect to hear more families like the Jacobs.More students are applying for aid,and more families expect to need student loans.College administrators are concerned that they will not have enough aid money to go around.At the same time,tuition continues to rise.A report from the National Center for Public Policy and Higher Education found that college tuition and fees increased439%from1982to2007,while average family income rose just147%.Student borrowing has more than doubled in the last decade,“If we go on this way for another25years,we won’t have an affordable system of higher education,”says Patrick M.Callan,president of the center.“The middle class families have been financing it through debt.They will send kids to college whatever it takes,even if that means a huge amount of debt.”Financial aid administrators have been having a hard time as many companies decide that student loans are not profitable enough and have stopped making
them.The good news,however,is that federal loans account for about three quarters of student borrowing,and the government says that money will flow uninterrupted.
第1题：According to Paragraph1,why did the plan of Jacobs family fail?
A.The twins wasted too much money.
C.Their saving ran out.
B.The father was out of work.
D.The family fell apart.
第2题：How did the Jacobs manage to solve their problem?
A.They asked their kids to come home.
B.They borrowed$20,000from the school.
C.They encouraged their twin sons to do part-time jobs.
D.They got help from the school and the federal government.
第3题：Financial aid administrators believe that_______.
A.more families will face the same problem as the Jacobs
B.the government will receive more letters of complaint
C.college tuition fees will double soon
D.America’s unemployment will fall
第4题：What can we learn about the middle class families from the text?
A.They blamed the government for the tuition increase.
B.Their income remained steady in the last decade.
C.They will try their best to send kids to college.
D.Their debts will be paid off within25years.
第5题：According to the last paragraph,the government will.
A.provide most students with scholarships
B.dismiss some financial aid administrators
C.stop the companies from making student loans
D.go on providing financial support for college students
B
One Sunday morning Mr.Green and his child,Bill,are in a big shop.Mr Green wants to buy a new blouse for Mrs.Green.Bill likes oranges,so his father buys two kilos(公斤)of oranges for him,too.Bill wants to buy some picture—books and color pencils,too.There are many people in the shop.They are men and women, old and young.They all want to buy something there.
第1题：Mr.Green goes to the shop with______________.
A.Mrs.Green
B.his son
C.his daughter
D.his father.
第2题：Mr.Green wants to buy a new blouse for____________.
A.Bill’s mother
B.Bill
C.his friend
D.other people
第3题：Bill likes_____________.
A.all the things
B.the new blouse
C.oranges
D.orange
第4题：Bill wants to buy___________________.
A.some picture—books
C.clothes in the shop
B.some color pencils
D.A and B
第5题：The shop is____________.
A.empty
B.close
C.full of children
D.full of people
C
Forests have always been useful and important to man who make use of them in many ways.Every day trees are serving man everywhere.Thees supply man with fruits and building materials in the form of wood,without trees it would be impossible to build houses,boats,bridges and so on.Furniture such as desks, chairs and beds is made of wood,trees can stop man from terrible heat.They’re also useful in preventing good and rich top soil from being washed away during heavy rains.If there were no trees,heavy rains would wash away the rich surface soil that is so important to plants.The result is that the land will become a desert.There are plenty of desert areas in the world.A long time ago these desert areas used to be very rich areas,but man in the past had no enough known ledge about science of nature,they cut down too many trees in the area where they lived and never planted new ones.Buy and by the rich surface soil
was blown and washed away by strong winds and heavy rains.In the end the rich land changed into useless deserts where nothing could grow.
第1题：According to the passage,
A.a long time ago,man didn’t known how to make use of wood
B.trees are not as useful as they were in the past
C.trees are more found in the past than they are today
D.people have always found trees useful
第2题：“Top soil”means and is..
eful soil;of no use for plants
B.soil on the surface of the earth;good for plants.
C.soil found under the earth;found under the roots of trees
D.dry soil in the desert areas;bad for plants
第3题：Some deserts were once
A.Some deserts were once
B.didn’t go;after
C.very good
D.did;after
第4题：If there were no trees,
A.the land would become better
B.heavy rains would be very clean
C.the rich soil couldn’t be kept
D.there wouldn’t be no plants
第5题：From the passage,we know that man must
A.do nothing to keep the balance of nature
B.take his best to stop the balance of nature
C.try his best to keep the balance of nature
D.do his best to stop the balance of nature Passage
四.书面表达：(满分10分)
请你以“人生”为题写一篇作文。

文体不限（诗歌.剧本除外），不少于80词，文中不得透露真实的校名.人名等相关信息。

要求选好角度,确定立意,明确文体,自拟标题;不要套作,不得抄袭.
参考答案：
一.选择题：
1.In fact she was_____of softball,tennis and track.
A.much more fond
B.much fond
C.very fonder
D.too more fond
答案.A。

be fond of的比较级。

2.She is_____out on Sundays.
A.almost
B.mostly
C.most
D.the most
答案.B。

mostly一般用在表语中，大部分的意思。

3.It may rain,but I shall go out_____.
A.somehow
B.anyhow
C.somewhat
D.anywhere
答案.B。

副词"无论无何"。

4.Not until Mr.Smith came to China______what kind of a country she is from.
A.Didn’t he know
B.Had he known
C.Hadn’t he known
D.Did he know
答案.D。

not until在句首主句要部分倒装。

5.So badly______in the accident that he was sent to a hospital.
A.did he hurt
B.he was hurt
C.was he hurt
D.be did hurt
答案.C。

so…that…引导的结构在句首主句要部分倒装。

6._______about the universe up till now.
A.So little had me known
B.Only a little do we know
C.Very little have we known
D.Little shall we know
答案.C。

否定词在句首句子要部分倒装。

7.______unless I call you.
A.Please come
B.Not come in
C.Don’t come in
e in
答案.C。

考查祈使句。

8.Do you mind______alone at home?
A.Jane leaving
B.Jane having left
C.Jane’s being left
D.Jane to be left
答案.C。

动名词的复合结构作宾语。

mind后面要跟动名词。

9.I’d rather he______tomorrow afternoon.
A.will come
ers
ing
D.came
答案.D。

would rather后面的从句用一般过去时态表示虚拟语气。

10.______a good insulator(绝缘体),rubber is often used in cables.
A.Having been
B.To be
C.Be
D.Being
答案.D。

现在分词短语表原因。

11.-----Do you have clothes______?I’ll wash them for you.------No,thank you.I will wash them myself.
A.to be washed
B.to wash
C.washing
D.being washed
答案.A。

在这个句型中不定时的动作该有主语发出来，如果不发出来则用被动形式。

12.This is the______bag______lost yesterday,but it’s not mine.
A.same;as
B.same;that
C.very;that
D.such;as
答案.A。

与什么相似the same…as与什么一样（原物）则用the same…that…
13.The sun shines brightly in the sky______us light and heat.
A.that give
B.having given
C.to give
D.giving
答案.D。

现在分词短语表示伴随。

14.It’s the fifth time______late this term.
A.that you’ve arrived
B.that you arrived
C.when you’ve arrived
D.when you arrived
答案.A。

在ti is the fifth time that…句型中that引导的从句中应该用完成时态。

15.He gets up early and reads English aloud,___he has greatly improved his English.
A.on the way
B.by the way
C.in this way
D.in this means
答案.C。

on the way在路上；by the way顺便说一句；in this way用这种办法。

in this means没有这个结构。

16.In the cinema,there was an old man______beside me.
A.at
B.sit
C.sitting
D.to sit
答案.C。

现在分词作定语。

17.They need twenty more workers______their group to do the job..
A.except
B.but
C.beside
D.besides
答案.D。

besides表示包括在内。

18.The boy pretended______his homework,when his parents came back home.
A.to do
B.do
C.doing
D.to be doing
答案.D。

用进行时态表示正在做什么。

19.It was until last year that he______.
A.left his home town for a new start
B.came to realize the importance of leaving English
C.worked as an English teacher at a middle school
D.set out to build a new house of h his own
答案.C。

强调句型。

注意该句的汉语意思。

20.I think______at the train station will surprise Aunt Kate.
A.your being
B.you are
C.you were
D.you to be
答案.A。

动名词的复合结构作主语。

二.填空题：
1.答案for whom he has struggled
2.答案without expanding the area of the fields
3.答案prevent wind or water from carrying away the soil。