定从和名从

when(=in/on/at…which) , where(=in/on/at…which), why(=for which)。
特殊情况： that/in which/- he worked 1. This is the way_______________ out the problem.
在定语从句中作方式状语的用法，通常是the way+ in which 或that, 且口语中的in which/that常可省略。
(3) 连 接 代 词 有 what, which, who, whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever 等。它们有各自的含义，起连接作用，并在从 句中充当主语、表语、宾语、定语等，不省略。 (4)连接副词有how, when, where, however, whenever, wherever。它们有各自的含义，起连 接作用，在从句中充当状语，不省略。
二 1.who 2.why 3.that 4.whether/if 5.whether/if 6.that 7.whether/if 8.what 9.Why 10.how
三 1.what we can do to grow up happily and healthily 2．that attitude decides everything 3．that we can adapt to changes and enjoy life better 4．that we should make some good friends 5．that so long as we do all the things above well
whom 2. The woman with __________ you shook hands just now is the head of the company. which I referred in my talk. This is the car to ______
介词如果在定语从句部分最前面时，只能用whom, which或whose, 且不能省略。
先行词是occasion时，常用when; 先行词是point, stage, situation, case, position时，常用where。先 行词the way后，可用that, in which引导，但通常 省略不用。
(5)以下情况只能用that,不用which引导定语从句： ①先行词是all, everything, anything, nothing, something, much, little, few, none, the one，或先行 词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much, few, none 修饰时。 ②先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last修 饰时，或先行词被序数词修饰时。
as 可引导限制性定语从句，在主句中常有the same, so, such与as 呼应。 as在从句中可作主语、宾语、 主语补足语,表语等。
4. The accident has reached to a point _______ where both their parents are to be called in. when technology moves faster Tn an age _______ than most can keep up with, a small group of people still in the time of old-fashioned letters.
which Her grandma died last week, _______made her very sad. As _____is said above, he has conquered the difficulty.
二、名词性从句 名词性从句有主语从句、宾语从句、表语 从句和同位语从句。不论哪类从句，其引导词均 为以下三类： (1)连词that, 无任何词义，在从句中不充当 任何句子成分，引导宾语从句时可省略。 (2) 连词 whether( 是否 ) 在从句中不充当任何 句子成分，引导宾语从句时也可用if。
why 4. Could you give me a reason ____________ you left us without a word? when I He came to Shenzhen during the week _______ was out. where The restaurant _______________ we stayed when we were in Paris was almost destroyed in a fire. ☆在定语从句中作状语的关系副词有：
定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的从 句,其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成 分（名词或代词）,相当于形容词,所以又称 为形容词性从句,一般跟 在它所修饰的先行 词后面。
被修饰的词叫先行词。定语从句不同于单词 作定语的情况，它需要放在被修饰的词（即 先行词）之后。定语 从句由关系词（关系代 词、关系副词）引导，关系代词、关系副词 位于定语从句句首。
一、定语从句 (1) 关 系 代 词 有 who, whom, which, that, whose，as； (2)关系副词有when, where, why (仅限先行 词为reason)等。
关 系 代 词
关 系 副 词
从句中缺/作何 成分 人 主 宾 物 主 宾 “谁的” 定 (人或物) 地点词 状 时间词 状 reason 状 先行词
as 3. He used such expressions ____he could find in the texts. The weight of an object in space is not the same as weight on the surface of the earth (is). ___its
Exercise That she was invited to the ball 4. ______ made her very happy.
It ______ made her very happy that she was invited to the ball.
Keys:
一 1.what 2.whoever 3.why 4.That 5.What 6.how 7．what 8.whether 9.how 10.why 11.where ； what 12.where 13.that 14.when 15.Whether 16.that 17.how 18．if 19.That 20.Whoever
③先行词形容词最高级修饰时。 ④先行词同时含有人和物时。 ⑤定语从句为there be句型时，或主句有疑 问词who, which, what时。
非限制性定语从句和限制性定语从句的区别 1.that，why不引导非限制性定语从句; 2. which可以指代整句话； 3. as, which 引导非限制性定语从句的区 别，参考《名师》p222.
引导词/关系词 who, that (who, that, whom) which, that (which, that) whose
where when why
Group 1 1. An architect is a person _____________ who/that designs houses and buildings. that/which 2. Can you lend me the book _____________ you talked about the other day ? which Can you lend me the book about____________ you talked the other day ? whose 3. The girl _____________English is very good won the fist place in the 100-metre race. whose The house _____________roof needs repairing is only three years old.
另外，注意以下几点： (1)主语从句作主语, 主句谓语动词通常用单 数；为使句子平衡, 常用it作形式主语。 (2)表示“是否”, 引导宾语从句时可用if或 whether ，但在介词后或在 discuss 后或直接与 or not连用时, 只能用whether引导。 (3)同位语从句一般放在fact，news，idea， promise ， suggestion ， advice 等抽象名词之后 , 说明或解释这些抽象名词的具体内容，多用that 引导，不能由which引导。 (4)当宾语从句又带有补语时，要用it作形式 宾语。