全断面开挖施工工艺流程

全断面开挖施工工艺流程

英文回答。

Full-face Excavation Construction Process.

The full-face excavation construction process involves the removal of an entire cross-section of a tunnel or shaft in one operation. This method is typically used in stable rock formations and involves the following steps:

1. Site preparation: The site is prepared by clearing vegetation, excavating the surface, and establishing access roads and work areas.

2. Excavation: The full-face is excavated by drilling and blasting or mechanical excavation.

3. Support installation: The excavated area is supported by installing rock bolts, steel ribs, or shotcrete.

4. Muck removal: The excavated material (muck) is removed from the tunnel or shaft using conveyor belts, trucks, or other equipment.

5. Ventilation: Adequate ventilation is maintained throughout the excavation process to remove dust, fumes, and other hazards.

6. Monitoring: The excavation is continuously monitored for safety and stability, including rock displacement, gas levels, and water seepage.

中文回答。

全断面开挖施工工艺流程。

全断面开挖施工工艺流程是指一次性开挖出隧道或竖井的整个断面。该方法通常用于稳定的岩层中，涉及以下步骤：

1. 场地准备，场地准备包括清理植被、开挖地表以及建立道路和作业区。

2. 开挖，全断面开挖通过钻爆或机械开挖进行。

3. 支护安装，开挖区域通过安装岩栓、钢肋或喷射混凝土进行

支护。

4. 弃碴，开挖出的弃碴使用传送带、卡车或其他设备从隧道或

竖井中清除。

5. 通风，在整个开挖过程中保持足够的通风，以清除粉尘、烟

雾和其他有害物质。

6. 监测，连续监测开挖过程的安全性和稳定性，包括岩石位移、气体水平和渗水情况。