Unit3重点讲练

Unit 3 Could you tell me where the rest room are?
重点知识讲练
stamp rush, suggest, mail, convenient, politely, polite, impolite, request, direction, correct, speaker
1. excuse me 劳驾，请原谅，打搅
2. get to 到达
3. get some magazines 得到一些杂志
4. have dinner 吃晚餐
5. get some information about 获取有关…….的一些信息
6. a pair of 一双，一对，一副
7. on one’s / the right 在右边
8. turn left / right 向左/ 右拐
9. between…..and….. 在…..和…..之间
10. go past 经过，路过
11. come on 快点儿，过来，加油
12. on one’s way to 在某人去…….的路上
13. a little earlier 早点儿
14. the shopping center 购物中心
15. a good place to eat 一个吃饭的好地方
16. the corner of …….的角落/ 拐角处
17. in different situations 在不同的情况下
18. lead in to 导入，引入
19. on time 准时，按时
20. look forward to 盼望，期待
21. pardon me 什么，请再说一遍
1. not…..until……直到…..才……
2. Let’s do sth. 让我们做某事吧
3. start doing sth. 开始做某事
4. spend time doing sth. 花费时间做某事
5. thank sb. for (doing) sth. 为（做）某事而感谢某人
6. would like to do sth. 想要做某事
7. look forward to doing sth. 盼望，期待做某事
1.Excuse me, could you please tell me how to get to the bookstore? 打扰一下，请你告诉我如何去书店好吗？
2. Excuse me, do you know where I can get some postcards? 请问，你知道在哪里可以买到一些明信片吗？
3. I wonder where we should go next. 我想知道接下来我们应该去哪儿？
Section A
1. get a dictionary 得到一本字典
get 获得，得到get sb.sth. = get sth for sb. 给某人拿来某物。

get 构成的短语：
get up 起床；get over 克服、恢复；get on / off 上车/ 下车；get along / on with 与…..相处
get back 回来，取回
2. Do you know when the bookstore close today? 你知道书店今天什么时候关门吗?
when the bookstore closes today 是宾语从句，作know的宾语，其引导词是when。

注意：宾语从句要用陈述语序。

你知道演唱会什么时候开始吗？
Do you know _______ ________ ___________ ___________begin?
---Could you tell me____________ yesterday? ----Because my bike was broken on my way here.
A. why you come late
B. why you came late
C. why do you come late
D. why did you come late
3. Go to the third floor. 去三楼
the third floor 三楼（美式英语）英美式英语表达楼层的不同：
美式：on the first / the second / the third floor 在一、二、三楼
英式：on the ground / first / second floor 在一、二、三楼
4. Nine thirty, so you don't need to rush! 九点半，所以你不必这么急促！
rush v. & n. 仓促；急促
rush可以作动词，也可以作名词，意为“仓促；急促”。

rush to do sth. 赶着做某事
in a rush 仓促；急促rush off 仓促离开；rush hour （交通）高峰期，拥挤时刻。

我真的不喜欢像这样仓促离去。

I really hate to ____ ____ _____ _ like this.
5. I suggest Water City Restaurant in Water World.我建议(去)水上世界的水城餐厅。

suggest v. 建议；提议
suggest作动词，意为“建议；提议”；名词形式是suggestion。

He gave me a ____________ (suggest) and it was very helpful.
6. Turn left at the first crossing.在第一个十字路口向左转。

turn left向左转left是副词，意为“向左”。

反义短语：turn right 向右转
7. Come on! I promise it'll be fun! 快点！我保证它一定会很有趣。

come on快点= be quick, hurry up。

由come构成的短语还有：
come true 实现；come up 上升，出现；
come up with 提出，想出；come out 出来，出版；
come in 进来；come back 回来。

If we Chinese work hard together, China Dream will ________.
A．come out B．come true C．achieve D. come up
8. On their way to Water City Restaurant, Alice and He Wei pass by Uncle Bob's. 在他们去水城餐厅的路上，爱丽斯和何伟路过了鲍勃大叔的餐厅。

1）on the way to 在某人…..的路上。

与way 有关的短语：
by the way 顺便说一下，顺便问一下；in ta way 在某种程度上；in the way 挡路，妨碍某人；in this way 通过这种方式；lose one’s way 迷路
2）pass by路过；经过. pass是动词，意为“路过；经过”。

pass还有如下含义：
v. 及格；通过(考试)
He _________ ____________ the English examination this time. 这次英语考试他没及格。

v. 传递；递给请把盐递给我。

Please ___________ me the salt.
v. 过去；消逝这个星期过得很快。

The week ___________ _____________ very quickly.
我路过那家商店的时候停了下来。

I stopped when I __________ ______ the store.
她确信她能通过这场考试。

(be sure, that) _________________________________________ 9.. Excuse me, could you please tell me how to get to the bookstore? 打扰一下，你能告诉我怎么去书店吗？
1) how to get to the bookstore属于“特殊疑问词＋动词不定式”的复合结构，作动词tell的宾语。

该句可以转化为含宾语从句的复合句，即：Excuse me, could you please tell me how I can get to the bookstore?
2）Could you please…用于礼貌地提出请求，语气较委婉，其后跟动词原形。

请你打扫一下你的房间，好吗？Could you please clean your room?
We are going for a picnic tomorrow. I'll call Wendy to make sure________．A．why to start B．when to start C．what to start D．which to start
10. ..…just go along Main Street until you pass Center Street. 只需沿着Main Street走，直到你穿过Center Street。

until是连词，意为“直到……为止”，引导时间状语从句。

我要等他来以后再离开。

I'll wait _________ he __________ and then I'll leave. not…until…“直到……才……”，此时until可作介词，后接表示时间点的名词，也可作连词，引导时间状语从句。

11. It's always busy, so come a little earlier to get a table. 它总是很繁忙，所以早点来才能有位置。

a little修饰比较级earlier，此时a little表示程度，意为“一点儿”。

可以修饰原级和比较级的词如下：
可修饰比较级的词有much, even, still等
He is ____________ more famous than his teacher. 他甚至比他的老师更有名。

可修饰原级的词有very, quite, pretty等,
你的书相当受欢迎。

Your book is ________ popular.
—Do you know sound travels very fast? —Yes. But light travels ________ sound.
A．as fast as B．a little faster than C．much faster than D．slower than
12. I suggest Water City Restaurant in Water World. 我建议去水上世界的水城餐馆。

suggest 及物动词，建议，提议；名词，suggestion
1) suggest sth 建议/ 提议某事
他提议散散步。

He ____________ ________ _____________.
2) suggest doing sth. 建议做某事
他提议骑车去那儿。

He ____________ ___________ there _________ __________.
3) suggest + that 引导宾语从句，宾语从句的谓语动词要用“should + 动词原形。

他建议我们应该立刻做这件事。

He __________ _________ we ___________ do it at once. 13. Parson me, do you know if there is a restaurant around here? 对不起，你知道这周围是否有餐馆吗？
Pardon me = Excuse me 请问，劳驾，打扰一下
什么请再说一遍。

= Pardon？/ I beg your pardon. 用升调来读。

表示歉意，对不起= Sorry
Section B
1. inexpensive a. 不昂贵的，同义词cheap; 反义词expensive.
在一个单词前面或后面加上一个词缀构成新词，这种构词法叫派生法。

加在单词前面的词缀叫前缀，，加在后面叫后缀。

前缀一般不引起词性的转变，只引起意思的变化。

expert 熟练的----inexpert 不熟练的；complete 完善的——incomplete 不完善的；possible 可能的----impossible 不可能的。

英语中常见的否定前缀有：
A. dis “分开、分离、不”like ---dislike 不喜欢；agree ---disagree 不同意
2. 我现在不方便给他打电话。

It is not convenient for me to ring him up now. convenient adj.便利的；方便的其反义词为inconvenient；句型：It’s convenient for sb. to do sth
Traveling around big cities by taxi can cost a lot of money, but it's usually ________ to take the underground train to most places.
A．amazing B．expensive C．convenient D．exciting 3. Both are correct, but the first one sounds less polite. 两种(表达)都是正确的，但第一种听起来不太礼貌。

correct adj.正确的；恰当的, 还可作动词，意为纠正，改正。

我改正了自己的错误。

I ____________ my own mistakes.
4. It is polite to say “Please”when you ask for something. 当你向别人要东西的时候，说声“请”才有礼貌。

polite adj.有礼貌的；客气的impolite 没礼貌的；politely adv. 有礼貌地；politeness n. 礼貌
Talking loudly in a library, a museum, or a movie theater is __________ (不礼貌的).
5. This is because it is a very direct question. 这是因为它是一个非常直接的问题。

direct adj.直接的；直率的。

反义词是indirect，意为“间接的”。

direct还可以作动词，意为“指导；指挥”，其名词形式为director，意为“导演”。

The audience can enjoy young ______________ (direct) films from different countries.
6. This will also help you become better at English, or any other language you wish to speak.
这也会帮你更擅长英语或者其他任何你希望讲的语言。

wish to do sth. 希望做某事= hope to do sth.
7. It might seem more difficult to speak politely than to be direct.
有礼貌地说话好像比直接地表达更难。

seem是系动词，意为“似乎；好像”；形容词比较级more difficult作seem的表语。

seem的搭配1）seem + adj 2) seem + n. 3) seem + to do sth. 4) It seems / seemed + that 从句。

Mr. Green seemed angry. （改同义句）____ __________ _____ _ Mr. Green was angry.
8. For example, “Where are the restrooms?”or “Could you please tell me where the restrooms are?”are similar requests for directions to a place. 例如，“洗手间在哪里？”或“请你告诉我洗手间在哪里好吗？”是去一个地方怎么走的类似请求。

1）request n. 要求，请求，后面常接for + n. ；要求，请求………..
我们应该请求帮助。

We should ________ ______ ____________ __________ help.
request sth. (from sb.) （向某人）请求某事/ 某物
request sb.to do sth. 请求某人做某事
request + that 从句
2）direction 方向，方位；directions 指示，指引; in the direction of 朝….方向；in all directions = in every direction 向/ 朝四面八方；in the opposite direction 朝相反的方向他把车子往香港的方向开。

He drove his car ________ __________ _____________ ________Hong Kong.
9. Usually polite questions are longer and include expressions such as “ Could you please…..?”or “Can I ask ….?” 有礼貌的问题通常更长一些，而且包括像“请你….好吗？”或者“我能问…..吗？”之类的表达方式。

1) include 及物动词，包含，包括；including 作介词时，意为“包括”。

我家有七口人，包括我的祖父母。

__________ _________ seven people in my family, __________ my grandparents..
2) such as 例如，用来列举同类人或事物中的几个作为例子。

for example 例如，一般只以同类事物或人中的一个作为例子，作插入语，用逗号隔开，可以置于句首、句中或句末。

中国有许多大城市，比如北京、上海和深圳。

_________________________________________. 例如，噪音也是一种污染。

________________________________________________________.
宾语从句的语序和时态
不论宾语从句由什么引导词引导，也不论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句一律用陈述句语序，即“引导词＋主语＋谓语＋其他”结构。

判断正误：
We don't know when will they arrive. ( )
We don't know when they will arrive. ( )
Could you tell me who is he waiting for? ( )
Could you tell me who he is waiting for? ( )
注意：特殊疑问词作主语时，如果语序本来就是“主语＋谓语”结构，则语序不再变化。

如：Please tell me. Who will give us a talk this afternoon？(合并为一句)
→Please tell me _____________us a talk this afternoon.
宾语从句在时态上应遵循时态呼应原则
在宾语从句中，谓语动词时态要受到主句谓语动词时态的制约，一般要遵循以下三条原则：1．如果主句是祈使句或主句中的谓语动词是一般现在时或一般将来时，则宾语从句可根据
实际需要选用时态。

如：
Mary says she will come back soon.
Will you tell us which places you visited during the vacation?
2．如果主句中的谓语动词是一般过去时，则宾语从句需要使用表示过去的某种时态。

如：He said that he played computer games last night.
I knew she had cleaned the classroom already.
3．如果宾语从句所表达的是客观事实、真理、自然现象、名言、警句、谚语等，多用一般现在时。

如：
He said time is money.
Our teacher told us that light travels much faster than sound.
宾语从句的“否定转移”
当主句的谓语动词为think, believe等词，且主语为第一人称时，从句中的否定词not应转移到主句谓语动词。

如：
I think. She can't come.(合并为一句)
→I don't think she can come.
宾语从句的简化结构
由特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句通常可以简化成“特殊疑问词＋不定式”结构，此时主从复合句也就变成了简单句，但简化必须符合以下两种条件：
1．简单句的疑问词为原宾语从句的引导词；
2．原从句的主语应与主句的主语或间接宾语一致。

I don't know what I should do next.(改为简单句) →I don't know ____________________. 含有宾语从句的复合句的反意疑问句
1．陈述部分是“I/We think (know, believe, suppose, consider)＋that从句”或者是“I'm/We're sure that; I'm/We're afraid that; I/We hope that; It seems that”时，附加疑问部分的主语应和从句一致，但需注意否定前移的情况。

如：
I don't think he is right, ____________？
I'm sure that you know him well, ______________？
2．如果主语是其他人称，附加疑问部分的主语和主句一致。

如：
Your father believed you could succeed, ______________？
Kate doesn't know if Jim is a good singer, ______________？
宾语从句中人称的变化
注意宾语从句中人称代词的正确使用。

一般遵循“一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新”的原则。

单项选择
()1 Could you tell me ________ the cool T¬shirt?
A．where you buy B．where do you buy C．where did you buy D．where you bought ()2. —Do you know________？
—Yes, I do. He went by skateboarding!
A．whether Paul will go or not B．when will Paul go to the partyC．how Paul went to the party D．how did Paul go to the party
()3. The woman asked the policeman where ________．
A．the post office is B．was the post office C．is the post office D．the post office was
()4.—Do you know ________ the man with glasses is?
—A reporter, I think.
A．what B．that C．who D．where ()5.Could you tell me________？
A．what to do it B．what to do C．how to do D．when to do ()6.—Could you please tell me ________？
—Yes. There is one on Center Street.
A．where can I buy some stamps B．when you will take your vacation C．when was the telephone invented D．if there are any good restaurants around here
将下列简单句合并为复合句
1．Where is my Chinese book? I don't know.I don't know ______ my Chinese book ____．
2．She studies in Lantian Middle School. Jane says. Jane says ______ ________ in Lantian Middle School.
3．Do you study French? Could you tell me? Could you tell me ____ ______ ________ French?
4．Was he the first to come here? Please tell me. Please tell me ____ ____ ______ the first to come here.
5．The earth goes around the sun. The teacher told the students.
The teacher told the students ______ the earth ______ around the sun.
内容要求：
1．描述漫画内容，并对该现象作简要评议；
2．提出至少两点“安全过马路”的建议。

提示词：a group of, cross, sidewalk, obey the rules, traffic lights, be careful 句子开头已经给出，不计入词数。

Keeping safe on the roads
Many people are not careful when crossing the roads. As we can see in the picture, a car is running while a group of people are crossing the road even if the red light is still on. ______________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
昨天你在路口发现许多人过马路时闯红灯。

请你描述昨天你看到的这些人“闯红灯”的现象并提出一些和交通安全有关的建议。

80词左右。

参考范文：
Yesterday I met some people at a corner. I saw them walk across the street when the traffic light was red. They disobeyed the traffic rule. I have some suggestions for the people who disobeyed the rules. First, we mustn't walk across the street when the traffic light is red. We should wait until the traffic light is green. Second, don't run on the street. If we run across the street quickly, drivers may hit us. It is very dangerous for us.
I hope everyone can obey the traffic rules and keep ourselves and others safe on the road.。