2023年上海市宝山区高考英语二模试卷-普通用卷

2023年上海市宝山区高考英语二模试卷
1. "Wow …what a beautiful girl!"you think to yourself.Today，you logged into Facebook and saw
a friend request from a lovely stranger.You think that she must be a model（1）______ all of her photos look very professional.She doesn't have many friends，but maybe she's just new to Facebook.You may（2）______ （tempt）to accept her request and say hello，but you'd better think twice because you might get catfished!
Catfishing is an online cheat（3）______ someone on a social media platform pretends to be someone they're not.The word was made popular by a 2010 documentary film with the same name.Just like in the movie，most catfishing cheats start with the catfish（4）______ （try）to sweet talk their victim into falling in love with them.Why There are a variety of reasons people catfish.
Some catfish attempt（5）______ （charm）their victim into trusting them，and then ask them for money.Others will ask for sensitive information or private pictures（6）______ they can then use them to blackmail（敲诈）their victims into sending them money.But in some situations，catfish are just lonely people，（7）______ （dissatisfy）with their lives and using social media to live in an alternate reality.
On social media，it's possible to remain anonymous（匿名的）even after you（8）______ （start）building a relationship with someone.According to the Better Business Bureau in the U.S.，around 85 percent of catfishing schemes start on Facebook and the Facebook Dating service.In 2021 as the pandemic pushed many to search for love online，romance schemes，such as catfishing，rose（9）______ 80 percent compared to 2020.These cheats cost victims around﹩1.3 billion in losses and left many with psychological and emotional damage.
The internet is a wonderful tool that allows users to learn new things，play games and meet interesting people.However，everyone（10）______ be careful of the catfish who hide in the shadows.If someone seems too good to be true，they probably are!
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2.
An entirely new art form is developing.This art form goes beyond （1）______ giving viewers one thing to look at.Instead，it surrounds them with images and sounds.This usually takes the form of rooms where music plays and images are （2）______ onto walls，changing when visitors interact with them.Sometimes pleasant smells are added to draw people in through yet another sense.These rooms are known as immersive （沉浸式的）exhibits because they seek to involve viewers completely.The most famous company （3）______ immersive exhibits is called teamLab.What this company does is draw on people with a huge range of skill sets：artists，engineers，（4）______ and even mathematicians.All of these skills are necessary to produce the complex immersive exhibits teamLab is known for.Much of the company's art is based on nature.This is a（n）（5）______ choice as their goal is to help people feel more connected to the rest of the world.This goal reflects some traditional Asian philosophies，which makes sense because teamLab is a Japanese
company.TeamLab's philosophy states that it seeks to transcend （超越）the （6）______ that people have set up to separate them from other things.
Other companies are also developing immersive exhibitions （7）______ at providing entertainment，education or both.For example，American company Imagine Exhibitions has designed over 40 exhibitions，which combine art，lighting，textures，scents and more.Physical objects are carefully selected and placed throughout the exhibits to add to their realism.The topics of their exhibits （8）______ from the history of ancient Egypt to nature to TV shows and games such as Angry Birds. Immersive exhibits maybe a new development，but they are （9）______ by older art forms.Some immersive exhibits are even apparently about the work of artists who worked in other media，such as
the painter Vincent van Gogh.Even those who do not reference other artists so clearly are often
influenced by older art styles.And many of the immersive exhibits also （10）______ some form of music.
By combining skills and technologies in creative ways，teams are developing new ways for people to experience art.
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You have to make a speech.You have done your research and now have plenty of ideas bouncing around in your head that you want to get across.The big （1）______ you face at this point is how to organize those thoughts.Or perhaps you are planning to write a paper，and all you have is the main topic.You need to brainstorm some supporting ideas and then （2）______ how those ideas fit together.
These are just two cases that many people deal with （3）______ .Some use outlining to flesh out and （4）______ their ideas，but is that the best strategy？If everyone thought in a linear （线性的）manner，then the answer would be yes，but most people don't.
Enter mind mapping，a （5）______ that shows how different ideas and facts relate to one another.This two-dimensional （二维的）（6）______ is designed to help you remember information because its format is easy for your mind to （7）______ .Mind maps have proven to increase not only productivity and （8）______ but also memory.More than 250 million people worldwide use them，so why don't you have a try and see what they are all about？
What is a mind map？Simply put，it is one's ideas put into the form of a （9）______ diagram that starts with a central idea.Put this idea in a bubble （气泡）in the middle of a page with lines radiating out to other bubbles that contain related themes or concepts.It should look like a many-legged e words，
short phrases or （10）______ to express your ideas.These associations often lead to other ideas that can be added at the same level or in smaller branches where （11）______ .Use color-coded bubbles for a visual representation of each branch's （12）______ .You are now mapping your thoughts and ideas in the way your brain thinks.
Studies have shown that this technique of using pictures，colors and visual arrangement has improved people's recall and memory of information by 10 to 15 percent.But it doesn't stop there.Creativity is aroused because of the spatial arrangement，（13）______ people to make more links and associations on topics of any kind. （14）______ ，it increases one's productivity because mind mapping makes it easier to learn faster while communicating more effectively.
So whether you're （15）______ a project or writing a research paper，make this technique a core part of your planning process!
3. A. purpose B. change C. question D. project
4. A. turn out B. take out C. give out D. figure out
5. A. consequently B. frequently C. entirely D. barely
6. A. organize B. express C. share D. spread
7. A. process B. foundation C. technique D. result
8. A. route B. structure C. objective D. direction
9. A. remember B. confirm C. draw D. design
10. A. confidence B. capacity C. efficiency D. creativity
11. A. vivid B. special C. visual D. normal
12. A. images B. sentences C. passages D. languages
13. A. obvious B. appropriate C. meaningful D. empty
14. A. function B. extension C. connection D. determination
15. A. encouraging B. enabling C. reminding D. informing
16. A. Additionally B. Sincerely C. Briefly D. Generally
17. A. in love with B. in terms of C. in favour of D. in charge of
D
Digital health refers to the system of interconnected devices that can monitor and report important health information.Doctors can then use that information to ensure that your treatment is tailor-made to your
situation.
The most useful aspect of digital health is the ability to constantly and accurately monitor vital information.Wearable devices can record your blood pressure or the rhythm of your heartbeat.The information is then accessible remotely through the internet，so your doctor has a wealth of information about your daily health.Your doctor can then use that information remotely to make changes to your treatment at any time.
A survey conducted by the company Lightico in March 2020，reveals how satisfied consumers are with this type of remote care.Forty-one percent said that the remote treatment they had received by means of digital devices and the internet was either"good"or"excellent."The same positive attitude toward digital health can be seen among investors.In the first quarter of 2020，US﹩3.1 billion in new investments poured into the digital health industry，setting a new investment record.
Much of the excitement is connected close with the use of voice technology in digital health care.Today，around 2.5 billion devices have voice interfaces（界面）like Alexa，which enable the devices to produce and understand speech.As a result，users can communicate with these devices about their health needs by speaking instead of typing on a computer.Seniors，for example，can use Alexa to check their daily schedules and receive reminders to take their medicine.
Advances in digital health，however，also bring privacy rmation regarding your health could be used for advertising or marketing，for example.If health records are accessible online，protecting your information from theft and unauthorized use might be difficult.But if managed properly，the benefits of digital health could certainly outweigh the risks.
18. What is this article mainly about？______
A. The current state of health care training.
B. Health conditions that need urgent attention.
C. A technological trend in health care.
D. Rising pressure on health care workers.
19. According to this article，what happened during the first three months of 2020？______
A. A growing number of digital devices were recalled.
B. Funding for digital health increased considerably.
C. Some digital health firms nearly went out of business.
D. Many institutions devoted effort to medical research.
20. What does this article explain about Alexa's features？______
A. How they make workers efficient.
B. How they can benefit the elderly.
C. How they save instructors time.
D. How they entertain youngsters.
21. According to this article，what is one concern about digital health？______
A. Worries about the side effects caused by modern drugs.
B. Rising manufacturing costs in the health care industry.
C. Government regulations limiting the use of digital devices.
D. The danger that personal health data could be stolen.
E
Peter E.
1：00 P.M.
Thanks for meeting today.I wanted to touch base with all of you regarding the new ad campaign we just launched.Can you give me an update on the statistics
Bob
1：02 P.M.
Sure.The audience out here in the East Is responding very well to the commercials.Our sales have increased by about 40% since the launch.I think the emotional aspect of the ad is working.
Peter E.
1：04 P.M.
That's really good to hear.Is there anything we should be concerned about？
Bob
1：05 P.M.
I'm just worried about the cost.I looked over the budget for the campaign，and t seems extraordinarily high.I'm not sure if the increased sales will cover the costs.
Camilla
1：07 P.M.
That's what I was thinking too.My territory Isn't seeing the same increase in sales as Bob's.And the costs
are similar here as they are out East.
Bob
1：09 P.M.
We should rethink when and where we play the commercials.The sales increases are coming mainly from younger people.Maybe we should focus more on social media outlets rather than the traditional and more expensive methods like television.
Camilla
1：10 P.M.
I completely agree.
Peter E.
1：11 P.M.
That's certainly something to consider.I'll bring this up to my team here.Camilla，can you give me an idea of your figures
Camilla
1：12 P.M.
Sure.Our sales saw a slight increase of 5% this last month.
Peter E.
1：13 P.M.
OK.Thanks.Can you send me the detailed reports by the end of tomorrow？
22. What does Camilla have to say about sales in her region？______
A. They've improved.
B. They've gone down.
C. They've stayed the same.
D. They've exploded.
23. Why does Bob think commercials via social media is a better use of money？______
A. Because it doesn't take as much effort to use.
B. Because fewer people are used to social media.
C. Because of how cool the company will appear.
D. Because of their target audience's preference.
24. According to the passage，what aspect of the ads is especially effective？______
A. It shows a lot of different emotions.
B. It appeals to people's emotions.
C. It contains a very simple message.
D. It conveys some subtle ideas.
F
Far below every town and city lies an invisible network of pipes crucial to the lives of their residents.Once water disappears down a pipe or toilet，people rarely think about what happens to it.It's out of sight，out of mind.The water flows into pipes that carry excess rainwater，wastewater and solid waste away，keeping the city clean.
There are three main types of sewers （下水道）：sanitary （卫生的）sewers，storm sewers and combined sewers.Taipei has both sanitary and storm sewers where rainwater and sewage are collected using different pipes.
This sewer system functions as a city's veins （静脉）.Water containing human and industrial waste is collected in sanitary sewers and conveyed to sewage treatment plants，the heart of the sewer system，where waste is treated.There，the solid waste is separated from the water，which is then cleaned before being released back into the environment.It will be reused for industrial，agricultural or environmental purposes or to produce energy.Furthermore，the mud and gas from sewage treatment can be used to produce energy.They not only contribute to a healthy environment and good quality of life，but also achieve the goal of sustainable development.
While wastewater collection and treatment are critical to the health of urban residents，storm sewers also play an important role in the city.Green space has given way to concrete during the island's rapid development and extensive building projects over the past few decades.As a consequence，there has been a loss of the land's natural water as concrete cannot absorb rainwater.When an extreme weather event like a severe storm or typhoon brings heavy rain，storm sewers must cope with the water，so it does not flood the city.However，storm sewers are only part of the measures for water management and flood prevention. To reduce flooding，an integrated urban drainage management plan has been adopted，where all the factors-storm sewers，land planning and economic development-are considered together.Engineering innovations，additional flood discharge facilities and increased green space requirements in new development projects have improved water maintaining in cities.
Who knew that sewers help improve urban public health，prevent urban flooding and boost environmental protection Together they protect vital water resources and maintain the safety of people and property.
25. According to the passage，the word"excess"in the first paragraph probably means ______ .
A. useless
B. polluted
C. extra
D. processed
26. According to the passage，what does the city build two kinds of sewers for？______
A. To test wastewater timely and to develop rapidly.
B. To treat wastewater and to fight against flooding.
C. To form a circulation and to clean the city.
D. To clean wastewater and to manage water.
27. What can we conclude from the passage？______
A. What is unseen is as important as what is seen.
B. There are three types of sewers in every city.
C. People build sewer system because of concrete.
D. Sewers are usually repaired every few decades.
28. What would be the proper title for the passage？______
A. A City's Underground Construction
B. A City's Hidden Network
C. How A City Operates Well
D. Two Aspects of A City or Town
You're enjoying a delicious bowl of noodles or your favorite rice dish，chatting with your friends.Being the responsible person that you are，when you're finished you clean up your table and throw away your garbage，including your disposable（一次性的）chopsticks.These chopsticks wind up in a landfill along with other chopsticks around the globe.（1）______ Turns out we can.
For those consuming Asian food，using chopsticks as eating tools is almost second nature.It has been estimated that 20 to 33 percent of the world's population uses chopsticks on a daily basis.Not all of those are disposable，but no doubt many are.Estimates indicate that up to 80 billion disposable chopsticks are used worldwide every year.（2）______
Enter Felix Bock，a doctoral student at the time in the forestry program at the University of British Columbia，Canada.Bock was eager to find a way to recycle wood from construction projects，and he had a particular interest in bamboo.One day he found a drawer in his girlfriend's house filled with disposable bamboo chopsticks，and an idea began to form in his mind.
Bock's smart idea was to give a second life to disposable chopsticks by making them into home decorations.He tried to convince restaurant owners to install recycling bins in their restaurants.He also designed a method to clean and sanitize（消毒）the chopsticks so that they could be reused.（3）______ The square pieces were then artistically arranged into household and office products.Bock's company，called ChopValue，has repurposed chopsticks into wall decorations，desktops，cutting boards and even table games such as dominoes（多米诺骨牌）.
Since 2016 when the company was founded，ChopValue has rescued billions of chopsticks from landfills.Instead of an economy based on the typical take-make-dispose model，ChopValue seeks to create one that transforms waste into a usable resource.Bock states in an interview with Global Shakers，"Frankly，I'm frustrated by everyone trying to be sustainable when they are looking away from the visible things that we can do immediately with the materials right in front of us."（4）______
29. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E
F. F
G. G
30. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E
F. F
G. G
31. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E
F. F
G. G
32. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E
F. F
G. G
33. Home sweet home-this phrase arouses all sorts of images and feelings.The place you call home might be a house，an apartment，a tent or any of a countless variety of places.But did you know that the condition of your living space can have an impact on your emotions and even on your mental
health？By controlling some of these variables，you can help to achieve a more peaceful life.
It goes without saying that the lighting in your room or in your house can affect your mood.If the lighting is too weak，it can have a negative effect on your emotions，and your mood may end up matching the dark atmosphere.Artificial light may not do the trick，however.It is better to open your curtains because natural sunlight makes your whole day brighter.
You have to do more than just remove poisonous substances from your home.To ensure good mental health，surround yourself with nature.Numerous studies have demonstrated that the presence of green plants in your home can improve your mood.
Let's all admit it：We have trouble keeping our space clean.Somehow stuff just tends to pile up.But this problem involves more than just aesthetics（美感）.It doesn't just look terrible：it makes you feel terrible.A cluttered room both reveals stress and causes stress.Disorder can indicate that you're too busy to keep things tidy，but then looking at a mess can lead to more stress.Straightening up doesn't have to take all day-just take 10 or 15 minutes and put a few things away.You'll be surprised how much better you'll feel.
The color palette（用色风格）of your environment does more than passively reflect your color preferences.It also has an active influence on your mood and even your mental health.Choosing colors that create a calm atmosphere can be a type of therapy.
The sky is the limit to ways you can make your environment beneficial to good mental health.You could put up photos of your family and friends or post encouraging notes from people that show how much they love you.Just remember：Your surroundings can make your "home sweet home"even sweeter.
________
34. 听说下周音乐会的歌曲都是爱国歌曲。

（patriotic ）（汉译英）______
35. 在网上购物一定要小心，不然很可能会被诱导买错东西的。

（tempt ）（汉译英）______
36. 经历了第一次高考后，许多学生弄清了自己学习中的不足之处和应对策略。

（figure ）（汉译英）______
37. 尽管在教学中使用数字技术对这位资深老师来说还有不少困难，但他一直坚持学习和实践，这使他现在的课堂教学效率更高了。

（which ）（汉译英）______
38. 假如你是李华，是红星中学的高三学生。

班主任老师要求，在下周班会课上每位同学都要做一个简短的推介，介绍进入高三以来给你留下印象最深的人或事，可以是一个人，或一
本书，或一部电影等。

你的文章必须包括：● 简单描述一下你所介绍的人或事；
● 阐述给你留下深刻印象的原因。

（文中不要出现真实姓名和学校名称）
答案和解析
1.【答案】【小题1】because/as
【小题2】be tempted
【小题3】where
【小题4】trying
【小题5】to charm
【小题6】so that
【小题7】dissatisfied
【小题8】have started
【小题9】by
【小题10】should
【解析】（1）考查连词。

句意：你认为她一定是个模特，因为她所有照片看起来都很专业。

分析句子结构可知，前后两个分句之间是因果关系，根据句意是表原因，用连词because/as引导从句。

故填because/as。

（2）考查动词语态。

句意：你可能会忍不住接受她的请求并向她问好，但你最好三思，因为你可能会被骗!分析句子结构可知，主语you和tempt之间是被动关系，所以应be done构成含情态动词的被动语态。

故填be tempted。

（3）考查定语从句。

句意：Catfishing是一种网络欺骗，指某人在社交媒体平台上伪装成别人。

分析句子结构可知，先行词是online cheat，在从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where引导从句。

故填where。

（4）考查动名词。

句意：就像电影里一样，大多数Catfishing欺骗都是从诱饵试图用甜言蜜语让受害者爱上自己开始的。

分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词start，所以try应该用非谓语形式，和逻辑主语catfish是主动关系，故用动名词的一般式和catfish构成动名词的复合结构作start with 的宾语。

故填trying。

（5）考查动词不定式。

句意：有些诱饵试图诱使受害者相信自己，然后向他们要钱。

分析句子结构可知，attempt to do"尝试做……"，是固定搭配。

故填to charm。

（6）考查连词。

句意：还有一些人会要求受害者提供敏感信息或私人照片，然后利用这些信息敲诈受害者，让他们给他们钱。

分析句子结构可知，根据句意是表目的，用连词词组so that引导目
的状语从句。

故填so that。

（7）考查形容词。

句意：但在某些情况下，诱饵只是孤独的人，对自己的生活不满意，利用社交媒体生活在另一个现实中。

be dissatisfied with"对……不满"是固定短语，此处省略be，用形容词作状语。

故填dissatisfied。

（8）考查动词时态。

句意：在社交媒体上，即使你已经开始与某人建立关系，你也可以保持匿名。

分析句子结构可知，本句是after引导的状语从句，从句中缺少谓语动词，主语you与start两者是主动关系，根据句意，强调过去对现在造成的影响，用现在完成时。

故填have started。

（9）考查介词。

句意：2021年，由于新冠肺炎疫情迫使许多人在网上寻找爱情，与2020年相比，catfishing等浪漫计划增长了80%。

分析句子结构可知，rise by意为"增加了"，是固定搭配。

故填by。

（10）考查情态动词。

句意：然而，每个人都应该小心隐藏在阴影中的鲶鱼。

分析句子结构可知，空后是动词原形，所以空处应是助动词或者情态动词，根据句意，此处表达"应该"之意，用情态动词should。

故填should。

本文是说明文。

讲述了一种网络骗局，提醒读者，网上交友需谨慎。

在一篇200词左右的语篇（短文或对话）中留出10处空白，部分空白的后面给出单词的基本形式，要求考生根据上下文填写空白处所需的内容或所提供单词的正确形式，所填写词语不得多于3个单词。

要做好语法填空题，理解短文是解题的前提，扎实的词汇、句型和语法知识是基础，英语国家的背景知识是必要的补充。

考生须灵活运用语法知识，如单词词性、单词时态、名词单复数、连接词、代词、冠词等判断各空白处应填写的内容。

答完后，还要通读全文，核对所填单词形式是否正确，是否符合语境。

2.【答案】【小题1】C
【小题2】E
【小题3】J
【小题4】A
【小题5】F
【小题6】G
【小题7】D
【小题8】K
【小题9】B
【小题10】I
【解析】（1）考查副词。

句意：这种艺术形式不再只是展示一件物品让参观者去欣赏。

根据下句"Instead，it surrounds them with images and sounds.（相反，它还要用影音环绕他们）"可知，此处指"不只是"，C项merely"仅仅，只是"符合语境，故选C。

（2）考查动词时态语态。

句意：这种展览通常由数个空间形式通过播放音乐以及在墙面上投影呈现出来，并在参观者与之互动时产生变化。

根据空前的"images"及空后的"onto walls"可知，此处指"在墙上投影"，E项projected"投射，投影"本句为一般现在时的被动语态。

符合语境。

故选E。

（3）考查动词现在分词。

句意：制作沉浸式展览最知名的公司就是teamLab。

根据下文"All of these skills are necessary to produce the complex immersive exhibits teamLab is known for.（要制作出像teamLab那样著名的复杂沉浸式展览，这些技能全都不可或缺）"可知，teamLab公司制作沉浸式展览最出名，J项producing"制作"符合语境。

与company为主动关系用现在分词作后置定语。

故选J。

（4）考查可数名词的复数。

句意：该公司所做的就是调动具备广泛技能的人才：艺术家、工程师、建筑师，甚至是数学家。

空处和"artists，engineers"及"mathematicians"并列，故A项architects"建筑师"，名词复数表示泛指，符合语境，故选A。

（5）考查形容词。

句意：这是经过慎重考虑的选择，因为他们的目标是帮助人们与世界的其他部分产生更紧密的联结。

空处修饰名词choice，应填形容词作定语，结合句意可知，此处指"这是一个深思熟虑的选择"，F项deliberate"故意的，蓄意的"符合语境，故选F。

（6）考查可数名词的复数。

句意：teamLab的哲学态度表明了他们试图超越人类将自己与其他事物隔绝所设定的界限。

根据"that people have set up to separate them from other things"可知，此处指"人类将自己与其他事物隔绝所设定的界限"，G项boundaries"界限，边界"，名词复数表示泛指，符合语境，作宾语。

故选G。

（7）考查过去分词。

句意：其他公司也在开发沉浸式展览，旨在提供娱乐、教育或两者兼而有之。

根据"providing entertainment，education or both"可知，此处指"目的是提供娱乐、教育或两者兼而有之"，D项aimed"旨在，目的是"符合语境，be aimed at"旨在"，为固定短语，空处为过去分词作后置定语。

故选D。

（8）考查动词时态。

句意：他们展品的主题从古埃及历史到自然，再到电视节目和《愤怒的小鸟》等游戏。

根据"from the history of ancient Egypt to nature to TV shows and games"可知，此处指"从古埃及的历史到自然，再到电视节目和游戏"，K项range"（在一定范围内）变化，变动"符合语境，本句为一般现在时。

故选K。

（9）考查动词时态语态。

句意：沉浸式展览可能是一种新的发展，但它们受到了更古老的艺术形式的影响。

根据"by older art forms"可知，此处指"受到了更古老的艺术形式的影响"，B项influenced"影响"符合语境。

本句为一般现在时的被动语态。

故选B。

（10）考查动词时态。

句意：许多沉浸式展品还包含某种形式的音乐。

根据"some form of music."可知，此处指"许多沉浸式展品还包含某种形式的音乐"，I项contain"包含"符合语境，本句为一般现在时。

故选I。

这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了让参观者完全融入展览当中的沉浸式展览。

如何做选词填空
1.根据语法，判断词性
一般的空缺都可以通过其所在的句式结构和句法成分来判断其词性，从而正确的选词，进一步缩小词的选择范围。

2.利用语境，确定词形
当确定了一个单词的词性后，可通过上下文来帮助判断其形式，如主谓一致，动词的时态，语态，固定短语，名词的数和所有格，形容词，副词的比较级等。

3~17.【答案】C、D、B、A、C、B、A、D、C、A、B、C、B、A、D
【解析】（1）考查名词及语境理解。

A.purpose目的；B.change改变；C.question问题；D.project 项目。

句意：这时，你面临的最大问题是如何组织这些想法。

根据下文
"how to organize those thoughts"可知，如何组织这些想法是你面临的最大问题。

故选C。

（2）考查动词短语及语境理解。

A.turn out结果是；B.take out取出；C.give out释放，发出；D.figure out 弄清楚。

句意：你需要集思广益，想出一些支持性的想法，然后弄清楚这些想法是如何结合在一起的。

根据上文"You need to brainstorm some supporting ideas and then"可知，你需要想出一些支持性的想法，然后弄清楚这些想法是如何结合在一起的。

故选D。

（3）考查副词及语境理解。

A.consequently结果；B.frequently频繁地，经常；C.entirely完全地；
D.barely仅仅，勉强，几乎不。

句意：这只是许多人经常处理的两个案例。

根据上文"just two cases"以及常识可知，这只是许多人经常处理的两个案例。

故选B。

（4）考查动词及语境理解。

anize组织；B.express表达；C.share分享；D.spread传播。

句意：有些人用大纲来充实和组织他们的想法，但这是最好的策略吗？根据上文
"how those ideas fit together"可知，此处指用大纲来组织想法。

故选A。

（5）考查名词及语境理解。

A.process过程；B.foundation基础；C.technique技术，技巧；D.result
结果。

句意：进入思维导图，这是一种显示不同想法和事实如何相互关联的技术。

根据下文"that shows how different ideas and facts relate to one another"可知，此处指在给思维导图下定义，思维导图是一个技巧。

故选C。

（6）考查名词及语境理解。

A.route路线；B.structure结构；C.objective目的；D.direction方向。

句意：这种二维结构旨在帮助你记住信息，因为它的格式很容易让你的大脑记住。

根据空前的"two-dimensional "可知，思维导图是一个二维结构。

故选B。

（7）考查动词及语境理解。

A.remember记住；B.confirm证实；C.draw画画；D.design设计。

句意：这种二维结构旨在帮助你记住信息，因为它的格式很容易让你的大脑记住。

根据下文
"help you remember information"可知，思维导图的格式很容易让你的大脑记住，remember是原词复现。

故选A。

（8）考查名词及语境理解。

A.confidence自信心；B.capacity能力；C.efficiency效率；D.creativity 创造力。

句意：思维导图不仅能提高生产力和创造力，还能提高记忆力。

根据下文
"Creativity is aroused because of the spatial arrangement"以及常识可知，思维导图能提高生产力和创造力，还能提高记忆力。

故选D。

（9）考查形容词及语境理解。

A.vivid生动的；B.special特殊的；C.visual视觉的；D.normal正常的。

句意：简单地说，就是将一个人的想法以一个中心思想开始的视觉图表的形式表达出来。

根据下文"Put this idea in a bubble （气
泡） in the middle of a page with lines radiating out to other bubbles that contain related themes or conc epts. （将这个想法放在页面中间的气泡中，线条向包含相关主题或概念的其他气泡辐射。

）"可知，思维导图是以视觉图表的形式表达出来的。

故选C。

（10）考查名词及语境理解。

A.images图像，形象；B.sentences句子；C.passages通道，章节；nguages语言。

句意：用单词、短语或图片来表达你的想法。

根据下文
"Studies have shown that this technique of using pictures，
colors and visual arrangement has improved people's recall and memory of information by 10 to 15 perc ent. （研究表明，这种使用图片、颜色和视觉排列的技术使人们对信息的回忆和记忆提高了10%至15%。

）"以及常识可知，思维导图是用单词、短语或图片来表达你的想法。

故选A。

（11）考查形容词及语境理解。

A.obvious明显的；B.appropriate合适的；C.meaningful有意义的；
D.empty空的。

句意：这些关联通常会导致其他想法，这些想法可以在同一级别或适当的较小分支中添加。

根据空前"in smaller branches"可知，这些想法可以在同一级别或适当的较小分支中添加。

故选B。

（12）考查名词及语境理解。

A.function功能；B.extension拓展，延申；C.connection联系；
D.determination决心。

句意：使用颜色编码的气泡可以直观地表示每个分支的联系。

根据下文"Creativity is aroused because of the spatial arrangement，（13）
people to make more links and associations on topics of any kind."可知，使用颜色编码的气泡可以直观地表示每个分支的联系。

connection与是links and associations同义词复现。

故选C。

（13）考查动词及语境理解。

A.encouraging鼓励；B.enabling使能够；C.reminding提醒；rming 告知。

句意：空间的安排激发了创造力，使人们能够在任何类型的主题上建立更多的联系和联想。

根据上文"Creativity is aroused because of the spatial arrangement"可知，空间的安排激发了创造力，从而使人们能够在任何类型的主题上建立更多的联系和联想，此处是现在分词作结果状语。

故选B。

（14）考查副词及语境理解。

A.Additionally此外；B.Sincerely真诚地；C.Briefly简要地；D.Generally 通常。

句意：此外，它还提高了一个人的生产力，因为思维导图可以更容易地更快地学习，同时更有效地交流。

根据上文"Creativity is aroused because of the spatial arrangement"以及下文
"it increases one's productivity"可知，此处应用additionally表示递进关系。

故选A。

（15）考查介词短语及语境理解。

A.in love with爱上；B.in terms of就……而言；C.in favour of赞成；D.in charge of负责。

句意：所以，无论你是负责一个项目还是写一篇研究论文，都要把这项技术作为你计划过程的核心部分！根据上文
"You have to make a speech.You have done your research."可知，无论你是负责一个项目还是写一篇研究论文，都要把这项技术作为你计划过程的核心部分！故选D。

本文是一篇说明文。

主要介绍了思维导图以及思维导图在发表演讲、写研究论文或负责项目中的使用。

完形填空题的解题步骤：
1.通读全文，理解大意。

重视首句信息，跳过空格，浏览全文，从整体上感知全文，理解文章大意，这是解题的基础。

2.瞻前顾后，避难就易。

在理解文章大意的情况下，结合各选项的意义和用法，遵循先易后难的原则，先解决那些自己有把握的问题。

对少数难题，暂时跳过，或许在上文中难以判断的题在下文中就有暗示或者明显的提示，或许一个在前面不能解答的题在填出了另一空后会令你豁然开朗。

3.复读全文，解决残敌。

借助已经补全的空格，对全文有了更清楚的理解，可以集中解决所遗留的少数疑难问题。

4.再次复读，弥补疏漏，全部做好后，务必要结合自己选择的答案重新阅读短文内容，确保全文。