第16章 内分泌系统(翻译)
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缩胆囊素
atriopeptin心房肽
What hormone has this function?
Regulating the biological clock of the body melatonin
What hormone(s) has / have this function?
Regulating the activities of several other endocrine glands such as thyroid, adrenals, reproductive glands Anterior pituitary hormones
What hormone hormone(s) has / have this function?
Regulating the development of secondary sex characteristics Androgen Estrogen
Which endocrine gland is responsible for?
What hormone hormone(s) has / have this function?
regulating the rate of metabolism Thyroxine Parathormone corticosteroids
What hormone hormone(s) has / have this function?
RAIU放射性碘摄取
Radioactive iodine uptake test
ITT胰岛素耐量试验
insulin tolerance test
TBG甲状腺素结合球蛋白
Thyroxine-binding globulin
ACTH test促肾上腺皮质激素试验 LH test促黄体激素试验
Translate the following case presentation into Chinese
A 64-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of hyperadrenocorticism. The patient had a history of angina pectoris and had undergone five-vessel coronary-artery bypass surgery nine years before admission. He had long-standing heartburn, and for two years had had intermittent upper abdominal pain that responded to ranitidine. The results of upper gastrointestinal endoscopy were normal. Six months before admission, he began to bruise easily; weakness, emotional lability, moon facies, and peripheral edema developed; and his weight increased by 5 kg. Three months before admission, a tremor developed in his hands. One month later, bouts of tachycardia and bradycardia occurred, and a dual-chamber electronic pacemaker was implanted. Shortly thereafter, atrial flutter with exertional dyspnea developed and did not respond to medical treatment.
Luteinizing hormone test
Aldosterone and renin test醛固酮肾素试验
Translate the following case presentation into Chinese
A 47-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital because of recurrent hypercalcemia. The patient had been admitted 14 years earlier because of hyperparathyroidism, with an increased level of calcium (12.3 mg per deciliter [3.1 mmol per liter]), markedly increased levels of alkaline phosphatase and parathyroid hormone (293 pg per milliliter; normal range, 10 to 60), and a low phosphorus level (1.8 mg per deciliter [0.58 mmol per liter]). Physical examination revealed a nodule in the left lower pole of the thyroid gland.
Diabetes insipidus 尿崩症 Addison's disease Dwarfism Pheochromocytoma嗜 铬细胞瘤 Diabetes myxedema黏液腺瘤 virilism男性化 hypercalcemia高钙血症 Pituitary gland
Decreasing the concentration of calcium in the blood calcitonin 降血钙素
What hormone hormone(s) has / have this function?
Decreasing the concentration of glucose in the blood insulin
Functions
Development of immune system Digestion of food Ovary to maintain the uterine lining
Secretin分泌素 Pancreas to produce bicarbonate cholecystokinin Gallbladder to contract
Hormolatonin 退黑激素
Hormones secreted by thyroid gland
Thyroxine甲状腺素
Tetraiodothyronine (T4)四碘甲腺原氨酸 Triiodothyronine (T3)三碘甲腺原氨酸
calcitonin降血钙素(一种调节血中含钙量之 荷尔蒙)
Hormones secreted by parathyroid glands
Parathyroid hormone or parathormone 甲状旁腺激素
Hormones secreted by adrenal glands (I)
Chapter 16
Endocrine System
Sample of endocrine test results
What are they?
Pituitary gland/ hypophysis
Adenohypophysis 腺垂体/垂体前叶 neurohypophysis 垂体神经部, 神经(性)垂体 (垂体后叶)
Hormones secreted by hypophysis
GH/somatotropin 人体成长激素 Prolactin/lactogenic hormone 催乳素 Thyrotropin/thyroid-stimulating hormone 促甲状腺激素 ACTH/adrenocorticotropin/corticotropin 促肾上腺皮质激素
Glucagon 胰高血糖素(alpha cells) Insulin (beta cells)
Other endocrine glands
Parts
thymus stomach placenta Small intestine Heart (atria)
Hormones
thymosin gastrin Chorionic gonadotropin
Hormones secreted by hypophysis
Gonadotropic hormones 促性腺激素 FSH=follicle-stimulating hormone 促卵泡激素 ICSH=interstitial cell-stimulating hormone] 促间质细胞激素,促黄体(生成)激素 MSH/melanotrophin=melanocyte-stimulating hormone 促黑色素细胞激素 Vasopressin/ADH=antidiuretic hormone 后叶加压素,抗利尿激素 oxytocin (后叶)催产素,缩宫素
Corticosteroids = adrenocortical hormones Mineralocorticoids 矿质(肾上腺)皮质激素
Aldosterone 醛固酮
肾上腺皮质激素
Glucocorticoids 糖皮质激素
Cortisol 考的松,皮质醇 corticosterone 肾上腺酮; 皮质脂酮 Androgen Estrogen
Sex hormones
Hormones secreted by adrenal glands (II)
Catecholamines 儿茶酚胺 Epinephrine=adrenaline 肾上腺素 norepinephrine 去甲肾上腺素
Hormones secreted by pancreas
Adrenal gland Pituitary gland Adrenal gland Pancreas Thyroid gland Gonads Thyroid glands Parathyroid glands
Tests for endocrine system
atriopeptin心房肽
What hormone has this function?
Regulating the biological clock of the body melatonin
What hormone(s) has / have this function?
Regulating the activities of several other endocrine glands such as thyroid, adrenals, reproductive glands Anterior pituitary hormones
What hormone hormone(s) has / have this function?
Regulating the development of secondary sex characteristics Androgen Estrogen
Which endocrine gland is responsible for?
What hormone hormone(s) has / have this function?
regulating the rate of metabolism Thyroxine Parathormone corticosteroids
What hormone hormone(s) has / have this function?
RAIU放射性碘摄取
Radioactive iodine uptake test
ITT胰岛素耐量试验
insulin tolerance test
TBG甲状腺素结合球蛋白
Thyroxine-binding globulin
ACTH test促肾上腺皮质激素试验 LH test促黄体激素试验
Translate the following case presentation into Chinese
A 64-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of hyperadrenocorticism. The patient had a history of angina pectoris and had undergone five-vessel coronary-artery bypass surgery nine years before admission. He had long-standing heartburn, and for two years had had intermittent upper abdominal pain that responded to ranitidine. The results of upper gastrointestinal endoscopy were normal. Six months before admission, he began to bruise easily; weakness, emotional lability, moon facies, and peripheral edema developed; and his weight increased by 5 kg. Three months before admission, a tremor developed in his hands. One month later, bouts of tachycardia and bradycardia occurred, and a dual-chamber electronic pacemaker was implanted. Shortly thereafter, atrial flutter with exertional dyspnea developed and did not respond to medical treatment.
Luteinizing hormone test
Aldosterone and renin test醛固酮肾素试验
Translate the following case presentation into Chinese
A 47-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital because of recurrent hypercalcemia. The patient had been admitted 14 years earlier because of hyperparathyroidism, with an increased level of calcium (12.3 mg per deciliter [3.1 mmol per liter]), markedly increased levels of alkaline phosphatase and parathyroid hormone (293 pg per milliliter; normal range, 10 to 60), and a low phosphorus level (1.8 mg per deciliter [0.58 mmol per liter]). Physical examination revealed a nodule in the left lower pole of the thyroid gland.
Diabetes insipidus 尿崩症 Addison's disease Dwarfism Pheochromocytoma嗜 铬细胞瘤 Diabetes myxedema黏液腺瘤 virilism男性化 hypercalcemia高钙血症 Pituitary gland
Decreasing the concentration of calcium in the blood calcitonin 降血钙素
What hormone hormone(s) has / have this function?
Decreasing the concentration of glucose in the blood insulin
Functions
Development of immune system Digestion of food Ovary to maintain the uterine lining
Secretin分泌素 Pancreas to produce bicarbonate cholecystokinin Gallbladder to contract
Hormolatonin 退黑激素
Hormones secreted by thyroid gland
Thyroxine甲状腺素
Tetraiodothyronine (T4)四碘甲腺原氨酸 Triiodothyronine (T3)三碘甲腺原氨酸
calcitonin降血钙素(一种调节血中含钙量之 荷尔蒙)
Hormones secreted by parathyroid glands
Parathyroid hormone or parathormone 甲状旁腺激素
Hormones secreted by adrenal glands (I)
Chapter 16
Endocrine System
Sample of endocrine test results
What are they?
Pituitary gland/ hypophysis
Adenohypophysis 腺垂体/垂体前叶 neurohypophysis 垂体神经部, 神经(性)垂体 (垂体后叶)
Hormones secreted by hypophysis
GH/somatotropin 人体成长激素 Prolactin/lactogenic hormone 催乳素 Thyrotropin/thyroid-stimulating hormone 促甲状腺激素 ACTH/adrenocorticotropin/corticotropin 促肾上腺皮质激素
Glucagon 胰高血糖素(alpha cells) Insulin (beta cells)
Other endocrine glands
Parts
thymus stomach placenta Small intestine Heart (atria)
Hormones
thymosin gastrin Chorionic gonadotropin
Hormones secreted by hypophysis
Gonadotropic hormones 促性腺激素 FSH=follicle-stimulating hormone 促卵泡激素 ICSH=interstitial cell-stimulating hormone] 促间质细胞激素,促黄体(生成)激素 MSH/melanotrophin=melanocyte-stimulating hormone 促黑色素细胞激素 Vasopressin/ADH=antidiuretic hormone 后叶加压素,抗利尿激素 oxytocin (后叶)催产素,缩宫素
Corticosteroids = adrenocortical hormones Mineralocorticoids 矿质(肾上腺)皮质激素
Aldosterone 醛固酮
肾上腺皮质激素
Glucocorticoids 糖皮质激素
Cortisol 考的松,皮质醇 corticosterone 肾上腺酮; 皮质脂酮 Androgen Estrogen
Sex hormones
Hormones secreted by adrenal glands (II)
Catecholamines 儿茶酚胺 Epinephrine=adrenaline 肾上腺素 norepinephrine 去甲肾上腺素
Hormones secreted by pancreas
Adrenal gland Pituitary gland Adrenal gland Pancreas Thyroid gland Gonads Thyroid glands Parathyroid glands
Tests for endocrine system