besides的用法

besides的用法
篇一：Except 和besides 用法
Except 和besides 用法
except, except for/that, besides都有"除……之外"的意思,但用法各异,现就它们的字词进行分析比较:
一、except的用法--"排除式"
Except（=but）意为"只有……除外;除去……",后跟名词或代词作宾语, except 经常接名词或代词，但也可接副词，介词短语,强调从整体中除去部份,即except后的部分不包括在整体之内。

因此but 着重于整体，常用在all, no, everything, nothing, who, where, nobody 等词之后。

其判别标志是:除去的与保留的是"同类项"。

例如:
1. All of them went out for a walk ________ John.
A. besides
B. except
C. beside
D. excepts
2. Everyone is here ________ Xiao Wang and me.
A. except
B. besides
C. beside
D. excepts
3.We go to bed before 10 o’clock ( ) in summer.
A. except
B. except for
C. besides
D. except that
析:Key:1. B 2. A 3. A。

因除去的与保留的是"同类项",且1、2题中有信息词All、Everyone。

其他例句
① The office is open every day except Sundays. 除了星期日这家公司每天都歇业。

② You can have any of the cakes except this one. 除了这
块蛋糕，你哪块都能吃。

③ She saw nothing except snow. 除了雪她什么也没遇见。

（nothing except = nothing but = only）
（2）except经常接名词、代词，也可接副词，介词短语，不带
to的不定式或从句等。

例如：
④ She looked everywhere except here. 除了这里，她到处看。

⑤ You may drop in at any time except at 除了中午，你任
何时候来
都可以。

⑥ She doesn’t do anything except sit and watch TV. 除了
坐着看电视外，她什么也不做。

二、except for/that的用法--"排除否定式"
except 除后跟名词、代词作宾语外,还可跟介词,也可跟从句。

(1)except for...是"除了因为……;要不是……;除去……一点外"的意思,表示"对一个人或事物,先做一个整体评价,然后再就局部提出
一点见解"。

即一部分被肯定,另一部分被否定,这就是所谓的"排除否
定式"。

其判别标志是:除去的与保留的"不是同类项"。

例如:
1. It was dark in the city ________ a few weak lights.
A. except for
B. except
C. besides
D. but for
2. Your composition is very good ________ a few spelling mistakes.
A. except that
B. except for
C. besides
D. beside
析:Key: 1. A 2. B。

因为除去的与保留的"不是同类项",故选except for。

(2)except that... 也是"除去……一点外"的意思,
1. The suit fitted him well ________ the color was a little brighter.
A. except for
B. except that
C. except when
D. besides`
析:Key: B。

本题题意为"除色彩艳了一点儿外,这套衣服很适合他",从句the color was a little brighter句意和结构完整,只需用引导词that,故选except that。

(3)except for与except that有时可互相转换。

例如:
1. Your composition is very good except for a few spelling mistakes.=Your composition is very good except that there are a few spelling mistakes.
2. The village is very quiet except for some birds singing in the woods.
=The village is very quiet except that there are some birds singing in the woods.
三、besides的用法--"包括式"
besides相当于as well as,意为"除了……以外还有……",即"除去一部分
还有另外一部分"的意思,表示besides 后面的个别部分包括在整体内共。

例如:
1. Does John know any other foreign language ________ French.
A. except
B. but
C. besides
D. beside
析:Key: C。

由本题中的信息词"any other foreign language",可知选besides。

Whenever 无论何时
You can ask for help whenever you need.
Whatever 无论怎么样任何事情
Whatever decision he mad , I would support him
Do whatever you like.
Wherever 无论在哪里
Wherever he is, he will be happy.
Wherever she goes, there are crowds of people waiting to see her. Whichever 无论哪一个
Whichever they will choose, we will support their decision.
Choose whichever brand you prefer.
Whoever 无论是谁
Whoever you are, come out of there.
However 无论到什么程度，不管多么……
She has the window open, however cold it is outside.
However carefully I explained, she still didn’t understand.
这类单词就相当于no matter +疑问词，引导让步状语从句，从句要用自白语序，词干且应用一般现在时态来表示将要发生的动作，主句用一般将来时或情态动词加动词原形。

No matter what you say (=whatever you say), I won’t believe you.
No matter when you come (=whenever you come), you will be more than welcome.
Don’t pen the door, no matter who comes (=whoever comes)
No matter where you are (=wherever you are), I will miss you.
篇二：besides,but,except的用法
besides, but, except 的用法辨析
1. 基本区别
三者都可表示“除外”，但 besides 表示一种累加关系，意指
“除了什么之外，还有……”；而 except 或 but 则称一种排除关系，意指“除了什么之外，不再有……”。

如： Besides his wife，his daughter also went to see him. 除他妻子外，他女儿也回来看过他(即妻子女儿都去看过他)。

Nobody went to see him except [but] his wife. 除他妻子外，没有一个人看过他(即只有他妻子去看过他)。

注：在否定句中，besides 也表示“除……之外不再有…… ”，
与but, except 同义。

如： No one passed the exam besides [except] Jim. 除吉姆外，没一个人通过考试。

2. 关于 but 与 except
(1) 两者都可表示“除……外不再有……”，但含义上略有差异：but侧重指意义的即使完整性，而 except 则侧重指后面除去的部分。

比较：
All are here but one. 除一个人都到了。

All are here except one. 还有一个人没到。

(2) 在现代英语中，but 的介词用法十分受限，一般说来，它只
能用在下列词语以后：① no, no one, nobody, nothing, nowhere
等
② any, anyone, anybody, anything, anywhere 等
③ every, everyone, everybody, everything, everywhere 等
④ all, none 等
⑤ who, what, where 等
Everyone knows it but you. 除你之外大家都知道。

I haven't told anybody but you. 除你之外，我没告诉任何人。

No one but he [him] showed much interest in it. 除非常大
他同时没有一个人对此有很大爱好。

一般说来，若没有出现上述词汇，就不宜使用介词 but，否则可
能将造成错句。

但是 except 却没有以上限制。

比较：
正：The window is never opened except in summer. 除夏天外，这扇窗台从不打开。

误：The window is never opened but in summer.
(3) but 一定不能用于句首，except 通常不用于句首：
除我之外每个人都舒坦了。

正：Everyone is tired but (except) me.
正：Everyone but (except) me is tired.
误：But (Except) me, everyone is tired.
注：except for 可用于句首，表示 except 的意思：
正：Except for me, everyone is tired.
3. 关于 except 与 except for：
except 主要用来谈论同类的东西，而 except for 则主要用来谈论不同类的东西，有时含有惋惜之意。

如：
All compositions are well written except yours. 除了你的作文外，其他的作文都写到得很好。

His composition is good except for a few spelling mistakes. 他的作文写得令人满意，只是有两处拼写错误。

注：若用于句首，则 except for 与 except 同义(但 except 通常不用于句首)。

4. 关于 except for 与 but for：
except for 主要表示排除，but for 主要包括表示一种虚拟条件(与虚拟语气连用)。

如： Except for me, everyone passed the exam. 除了我之外，大家都通过了考试。

But for my help, she would not have passed the exam. 若不是我的帮助，她就不会通过考试。

But for the atmosphere plants would die. 假如没有大气，植物就会死亡。

5. besides的其他用法
besides 除用作介词外，还用作副词，其意为“此外”、“而且”，可用于分句句首(通常用逗号隔开)或句尾。

如：
I don't want to go; besides, I'm too tired. 我不想去，而且我也太累了。

This car belongs to Smith, and he has two others besides. 这部车是汤普森的，此外他还有两部。

篇三：由一道高考题透析besides的用法
由一道高考题透析besides的用法
看下面一道高考单项填空题:
Does John know any other foreign language ________ French?
A. except
B. but
C. besides
D. beside
此题重点考查besides的用法以及该词与其它称谓三个助动词的
区别。

besides意为\"除之外\",如果注意到题干中的至关重要关键信息词other,便可选定正确答案为C。

besides的用法可从下述几点掌握。

一、 besides作为介词,意为\"除之外\",通常表示\"包括后者在内\"。

Besides half a bottle of whisky, he drank three gins and some beer. 除了半瓶威士忌,他还喝了三杯杜松子酒饮和一些啤酒。

Besides literature, we have to study history and philosophy. 除了文学,我们还得学历史和哲学。

二、 besides作为副词,意为\"此外;而且;还有\",一般用于词语之前。

I don\'t like those shoes; besides, they are too expensive. 那双鞋我不喜欢,而且也太贵了。

It\'s too late to go to the football match now;
besides,it\'s beginning to snow. 现在去看足球比赛已经太晚了,
何况,又开始下雪了。

三、 besides与beside的区别
作介词时,两词词义有别。

beside意为\"在旁边;和相比;与无关\"。

特别提
醒,besides还可作副词,但beside只作介词。

I\'d like to sit beside you, you know. 你知道,我愿意坐在
你大门口。

You look tall beside him. 你看来比他高。

He didn\'t know his answer was beside the point. 他不必知
道他的回答离了题。

Besides knowing some Greek, she was fluent in Italian. 她
除了懂些希腊语之外,意大利语也说得很流利。

四、besides与 except 、but以及 except for的区别
1. besides意为\"除之外\"(包括后者在内),通常与other, also
等词连用。

What other languages do you know besides English?除了英语
之外,你还懂什么语言?
Besides being wrong, your proposed action is also unwise. 你所力劝的行动不仅是错误的,而且是这么不明智的。

2. except意为\"除之外\"(不包括后者在内)
He gets up early every day except Sunday. 除了星期日之外,
他每天都早起。

They all went to sleep except the young Frenchman. 除了那
个年轻的法国人之外,他们都睡着了。

注:在否定句中,当表达\"不包括后者在内\"时,也可用besides。

No one passed except / besides Richard. 除了理查德外,谁也没有考及格。

此外,except后才可接从句作宾语,也可接不定式作宾语。

当其前的动词是实义动词do及其变化形式时,不定式常省去to。

He hasn\'t changed at all except that he is no longer so talkative. 他一点也没有变,只是不像以前爱说话了。

She always goes to school by bike except when it rains. 除非天下雨,她总是骑自行车上学。

The bear has no choice except to lie down and sleep.熊没有别的选择,只好躺下睡觉。

I couldn\'t do anything except just sit down and hope.我坐在那儿盼着,简直毫无办法。

3. but意为\"除之外\"(不包括在内)常和no, all, nobody, anywhere, everything, none, not anything 等连用。

有时可与except替换。

Everybody was invited to the evening party but / except me. 除我之外,所有人都被邀请参加那次全都晚会。

Yesterday evening, I had nothing to do but / except watch TV. 昨天上午除了看电视,我无事可做。

4. except for意为\"除去之外;只是\",表示对一个人或事物评分先作一个总体评价,然后就其局部提出一点看法,所排除的不是同一范畴的东西。

Your composition is quite good except for a few spelling mistakes. 除了有几个拼写错误之外,你的专文写得很好。

Except for a cartoon,no films could interest her. 除了动
画片外,什么电影都无须使也她感兴趣。

五、besides与apart from的区别
与besides不同之处,apart from既可表示\"排除;例外\"的含义(相当于except),也可以表示\"包括;补充\"的含义(相当于besides)。

The children hardly see anyone, apart from their parents. 除了他们的父母,孩子们很少看见同伴。

Apart from being fun and good exercise, swimming is a
very useful skill. 游泳,除了有趣身体和极为重要的身体锻炼之外,
还是一个很有用的技能。