人教版新目标八年级下册英语unit1-5期中复习提纲

人教版新目标八年级下册英语unit1-5复习提纲
U nit1 What’s the matter
询问某人的健康问题以及遇到了何种麻烦时，常用以下几种结构来表达：
提建议：should do / shouldn’t do应该/不应该干某事
What’s the matter (with sb) / What’s wrong (with sb) / What happened (to sb)
What’s the trouble (with sb) / What’s the problem (with sb) / Are you OK/
Is there anything wrong with sb
表达身体疼痛或不舒服： sb have / has a fever ( cold, cough, the flu)
sb have / has a..—ache( headache, toothache, stomachache, backache, an earache)
sb have/ has a sore throat (back, arm , foot ,eye s)
There is someth ing wrong with one’s +身体部位
I don’t feel well.(这里的well是形容词，健康的)
Let’s +动词原形./ What (How) about doing sth / Why not ( Why don’t you ) do
You’d better do / You’d better not do 最好干某事/最好不要干某事
too much + 不可数名词 :too much homework 动词+too much : talk too much
too many+可数名词复数： too many students much too + adj/ adv : much too tired
hot tea with honey 加蜂蜜的热茶 (这里的with是后置定语，修饰tea)
get an X-ray 照X光 see a dentist看牙医= go to a dentist take one’s temperature量体温put some medicine on it 上药 take breaks= take a break = have a rest 休息一下
lie down躺下 go to a doctor看医生 in the same way以同样的方式 hurt oneself伤着自己
away from ：远离 Stay away from fire.远离火
A地离B地的具体距离具体的距离+away from : My home is 500 meters away from my school.
Far from：A地离B地很远 My home is far from my school.(具体多远不知道)
lie 动词，躺、位于，过去式lay , 过去分词lain, 现在分词lying
动词，说谎，过去式lied, 过去分词lied, 现在分词lying
名词，谎言 tell a lie = tell lies说谎
lay 动词，下蛋，产卵，放置，过去式laid, 过去分词laid, 现在分词laying
see sb doing sth看见某人正在干某事 see sb do sth看见某人干某事的全过程
shout for help 大声呼救 shout at sb对某人大喊大叫 shout to sb对某人大声说话
without thinking twice毫不犹豫，不假思索 get on 上车 get off 下车（大型交通工具）
get into / get out of (电梯、出租车等小型交通工具) to one’s surprise另某人吃惊的是
expect sb to do sth期待某人干某事 expect sb not to do sth期待某人不要干某事
agree to do sth同意干某事 thanks to 多亏了，幸亏= because of = with the help of in time 及时 on time 按时，准时 get into trouble 陷入困境，惹麻烦
right away=right now = at once立即马上 fall down倒塌，跌倒
think of想起，认为 think about 考虑 think about doing sth考虑干某事
think over 仔细考虑 hit sb in / on +身体部位（软的部位用in,硬的部位用on）
run it under water用水冲洗 put a bandage on it 用绷带包扎
Knives are used to cut things.
sick& ill
sick 形容词，可作定语，修饰名词，如： a sick girl ; 也可作表语，如： She is sick.
ill形容词，一般只作表语，不做定语 She is ill. ( ill作定语修饰名词，指坏的=bad)
have trouble (in) doing sth = have problems/difficulty (in) doing sth干某事有麻烦/问题/ 困难have trouble with sth= have problems with sth = have difficulty with sth在某方面有困难
be / get used to doing sth 习惯于干某事 I am used to getting up early.我习惯了早起used to do sth过去常常干某事（暗示现在不干了） I used to get up early. (暗示现在不早起)
be used to do sth被用来干某事（是由use sth to do sth变为被动语态而来）
look up 查阅，查字典 write down 写下，记下 take a risk = take risks 冒险
risk用作动词： risk + n / 代/ doing sth
I am willing to risk losing everything.
because of +名词或名词性短语because of accidents lose one’s life 失去生命
in a dangerous situation在危险的情况下 by oneself 独自，亲自
free 形容词，自由的，空闲的，免费的： Are you free / The flower is for free. 花是免费的
动词，解放，使自由 I want to free these birds in cages.
run out 用完，耗尽，物作主语 ,即 sth run out: My money ran out soon.
run out of 用完，耗尽，=use up 人作主语，即 sb run out of sth: I ran out of my money soon.
use sth to do sth使用某物来干某事 cut off切断 climb down爬下
be ready to do sth = get ready to do sth准备好干某事
be ready for sth = get ready for sth为…做好准备
with his left arm用他的左胳膊，with 用 (用工具) We eat with chopsticks.我们用筷子吃饭。

in用（用语言，声音，材料等） Speak in English,please.
called = named 被叫做，名为…的 Do you know the girl called / named Nancy
tell of 讲述= talk about the importance of +n/代/doing sth …的重要性
the importance of water 水的重要性 the importance of reading books 读书的重要性
make decisions作决定 make decisions to do sth作决定干某事= decide to do sth
be in control of掌管，管理 You should be in control of your own life.
be out of control失去控制 the same as和…一样
die 动词， died过去式 dying现在分词，可作形容词，垂死的 dead形容词，死亡的，
death 名词，死亡 keep on doing sth坚持干某事
give up 动副短语，代词放中间，用宾格： give it / them up give up doing sth放弃干某事= stop doing sth
U nit 2 I’ll help to clea n up the city parks.
动词短语：
1.动词+介词： look at, listen to, look after( to, at, in , after, for, of, from, across,with,
through)
2.动词+副词： pick up, take out, give away( on, off, up , down, out, away, )代词作宾语，放
中间，用宾格。

3.动词+名词+介词： take care of , take part in
4.系动词+形容词+介词：be angry with， be different from
5.动词+副词+介词：look forward to, catch up with
put : put on 穿上，上演；put off 推迟，延期；put up举起，张贴，搭建；put down放下
put out扑灭，熄灭；put away收起来，收好
come: come from来自； come on快点，加油； come in进来； come up with想出，想起
come out出来，出版，放映； come over过来，顺便来访
look: look at看着look after照看，照顾； look out当心； look like看起来像； look up查阅
look forward to期待，盼望
turn: turn on 打开； turn off关掉；turn up声音调大点； turn down声音调小点；
cut: cut up 切碎； cut down砍伐； cut off切断； cut into切成
take: take after 相像； take off脱下，起飞； take part in参加； take care of照顾，照料
take out拿出，取出
clean up 打扫干净； cheer up 振作起来，使高兴起来； set up 建立；
help out帮助解决难题； work out解答出来，计算出，效果好； give out = hand out 分发，散发；
try out试验，参加…的选拔； dress up 打扮，乔装打扮； give away赠送； grow up 长大；
make up 编造； give up放弃 call up=ring up打电话 pick up捡起，开车接某人，
put off doing sth推迟干某事 come up with = think up 想出 put up signs张贴标语
clean-up 名词清洁 catch up with追上，赶上
notice: 名词，通知，通告
动词，注意到 notice sb do sth注意到某人干某事的全过程 notice sb doing sth注意到某人正在干某事
each &every:
同: each ,every后面加名词
异：1. each强调个体，every强调整体；2. each是两个或两个以上中的每一个，every是三个或三个以上的每一个；可以和of连用，every不可以，each of+名词作主语，谓语动词用三单形式。

used to do sth过去常常干某事（暗示现在不干了）
I used to play basketball after school.
I didn’t use to play basketball after school.或I usedn’t to play basketball after school.
Did you use to play basketball after school. 或Used you to play basketball after school.
Yes, I did. / No, I didn’t. 或Yes, I used./ No, I usedn’t.
What did you use to do 或 What used you to do
used to be过去是（现在不是了） I used to be a student. (现在不是学生了)
care for 照顾，照料，用于肯定句= look after= take care of
非常喜欢，用于否定句I don’t care for green tea.
some day有朝一日，用于将来时； one day有一天，用于过去时态或将来时态
the other day前几天，用于过去时态
lonely& alone : lonely 形容词，孤独的，寂寞的，荒凉的，有强烈的感情色彩，
可作表语，如：I feel lonely. 可作定语， a lonely island一座孤岛
alone 副词，修饰动词，如：live alone独自生活；也可以用作形容词，但只能作表语，无感情色彩，强调独自，一个人，如： I was alone at home.
volunteer to do sth自愿干某事 volunteer作名词，志愿者
so &such : so强调形容词或副词， such强调名词
1. such + a/an+ adj + 可数名词单数： such a clever boy
2. such +adj + 不可数名词或可数名词复数 : such bad weather / such beautiful flowers
1 .so + adj/ adv : so cute / hard
2. so+ adj+ a/ an+可数名词单数： so clever a boy = such a clever boy
3. so+many/ much/ few/ little 当名词前有many, much, few, little修饰时，只能用so
a feeling of satisfaction 一种满足感 satisfaction名词，满足，满意；
satisfy动词 satisfy sb使某人满意My answer didn’t satisfy her.
satisfied形容词，满意的 be satisfied with对…满意 I am satisfied with your gift.
the owner of …的主人： Who is the owner of this car
at the age of …=when sb was …years old
I could write at the age of five. = I could write when I was five years old.
try out for参加...的选拔 Fifty boys came to try out for the basketball team.
try out试验They are trying out a new teaching method.他们正在试验新的教学方法。

go on a journey = go on a trip去旅行（journey指长途旅行，trip 指短途旅行
travel指长时间，远距离的旅行，尤指出国旅行）
at the same time同时 be busy with sth= be busy doing sth忙于干某事
打电话的表达： call sb= ring sb= call sb up = ring sb up = give sb a call= phone sb
in one’s free time在某人的空闲时间 raise money筹集资金 raise money for为…筹集资金
raise举起 = put up : raise your right hand = put up your right hand
提高Don’t raise your voice at me.
养育 He raised a large family.
to do 不定式的用法：
1.宾语： want / hope/ decide / wish / like / plan / try / expect to do sth
2.宾语补足语：want / wish / expect / help / ask sb to do sth
3.主语：It takes sb some time to do sth / It’s +adj+for sb to do sth / To see is to believe.
4.表语：一般在系动词的后面： To see is to believe.
5.状语：目的状语：I get up early to catch the early bus.
原因状语：I’m glad to see you.
结果状语：He is old enough to go to school.
6.后置定语： The best way to relax is through exercise.
fix up 修理，装饰 give away 赠送 give in屈服 set up 建立
break 过去式是broke 过去分词 broken ， broken也可作形容词，损坏的，残缺的
write to sb= write a letter to sb写信给某人 hear from sb = get/receive a letter from sb收到某人的来信
thank you for doing sth = thanks for doing sth谢谢你干某事
make / find / think it +adj for sb to do sth在这个结构中，it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是to do sth 使干某事对于某人来说是…的/发现干某事对于某人来说是…的/认为干某事对于某人来说是…的
I find it difficult for me to learn English well.
make a (big/ great) difference to sb/sth对某人或某物产生了（巨大的）影响
The accident made a big difference to his life.
make no difference to sb/ sth对某人或某物没有影响It made no difference to me.
imagine +n/ 代/ doing sth I can’t imagine living without clean w ater.
imagine+宾语从句 Imagine that you are in space.
difficulty：具体的概念，困难，难题，难事，可数名词，复数difficulties
抽象的困难，不可数：have difficulty (in) doing sth
a friend of mine = one of my friends a friend of hers= one of her friends
a friend of my father’s = on e of my friends
answer the telephone 接电话 be excited about 对…感到激动、兴奋
carry 搬，运，提，无方向性 bring带来 take 带走 get / fetch取（往返过程）形容词+ness=名词
kind + ness= kindness, sad+ ness= sadness, ill + ness=illness , fair+ ness= fairness
happy+ness= happiness
train: 名词，火车
动词，培训，训练 train sb/sth to do sth 训练某人或某物干某事 train sb / sth in 在…方面训练某人 training 名词培训，训练
send sb sth = send sth to sb 把…寄给/送给某人
change one’s life 改变某人的生活
change作为动词，改变；作名词，意为零钱： Here is your change.这是你的找钱。

be interested in = take an interest in对…感兴趣（interest 作为名词，可数，复数interests）
擅长 do well in = be good at = be strong in work out fine 效果显著
Unit 3 Could you please clean your room
提出礼貌请求的句型：Could you (please) do sth
肯定回答：Yes, sure./ Certainly/Of course/No problem / All right / OK 等。

否定回答：No, I can’t./ Sorry, I can’t./ I’m afraid I can’t等
否定结构是：Could you please not do sth
请求对方许可的句型： Could I / we do sth (不用Please) 肯定答： Yes, you can. 否定答：No, you can’t.
do the dishes洗碗 sweep the floor扫地 take out the rubbish倒垃圾make the bed整理床铺
fold the clothes叠衣服 clean the living room打扫客厅 get a ride搭便车
give sb a ride让某人搭便车 stay out late深夜不归 go out for dinner外出吃饭
take out 拿出，取出 Take out your English books.
work on从事 He is working on a new book.他正在从事一本新书的写作。

finish doing sth完成干某事 any minute now= any moment now= any time now随时，马上
two hours of TV is enough 时间，距离，金钱，度量作主语，常看作一个整体，谓语动词用三单形式
如： Twenty years is a long time.
mess名词，杂乱，不整洁，常构成短语： in a mess messy 形容词，杂乱的，不整洁的
be angry with sb生某人的气 be angry at / about sth因某事而生气
solve the problem解决问题 answer the question回答问题
come home from school放学回家 come home from work下班回家
throw 扔，掷，动词，过去式是threw throw down扔下
throw at 向…扔（有恶意） throw sth to sb = throw sb sth扔给某人某物
throw away 扔掉 throw about到处乱扔Don’t throw about rubbish.
the minute = the moment= as soon as 一…就….，引导时间状语从句，注意“主将从现”
I will meet her the minute she gets off the plane.
Please call me as soon as you arrive there.
as … as possible = as…as sb can 尽可能…. 如：as early as possible尽可能早 as soon as possible 尽可能快
come over过来，顺便来访 My friend will come over to my house tomorrow.
take the dog for a walk = walk the dog 遛狗 all the time一直，频繁，反复
anger 名词，愤怒-------angry 形容词，愤怒的--------angrily 副词，愤怒地 walk away走开
as +形容词或副词原级+as 和..一样not as …as / not so … as 不如，不及
English is as important as math. 英语和数学一样重要English is not as important as math.英语不如数学重要
neither 两者都不，是both反义词，作为代词，常和介词of连用，neither of 后面的名词常为复数，但谓语动词用三单形式（在一些非正式的情况下，也会用复数）
Neither of the parents knows English.
neither A nor B 既不…也不… 连接两个名词做主语，就近原则： Neither he nor I am right.
适用就近原则的有： Neither A nor B; either A or B; Not only A but also B
Both A and B连接两个名词作主语，谓语用复数。

neither+ be动词/助动词/情态动词+主： A不…，B也不（前面一种否定情况同样适用于后者）
Jane doesn’t like English, neither do I . (这里的neither可以换成nor)
Jane can’t swim, neither can I.( Nor can I )
so +be 动词/助动词/情态动词+ 主：A…， B 也…（前面一种肯定情况同样适用于后者）
Jane likes English, so do I . Jane can swim , so can I.
so+ 主+ be动词/助动词/情态动词：A…， A的确如此（前后两个句子讨论同一个人）
Jane likes English, so she does. Jane can swim, so she can.
in surprise吃惊地，好奇地，惊讶地 hang out闲逛 pass sth to sb = pass sb sth把…递给某人lend sb sth = lend sth to sb把…借给某物
借： borrow 借进，借入borrow… from 从…借
lend (过去式lent) 借出 lend sth to sb = lend sb sth
表示借东西借了多久，用keep: How long can I keep the book You can keep it for 2 weeks.
when &while:
when 引导时间状语从句，从句的动词通常都是非延续性动词，有时也会用延续性动词，从句的时态通常是一般过去时，一般现在时
while引导时间状语从句，从句的动词通常都是延续性动词，从句的时态通常都是进行时或现在时
此外，while还有“而”的含义，表示前后的对比： He likes English while I like math.
invite sb to sp邀请某人去某地 invite sb to do sth 邀请某人去干某事 look through浏览
make sb do sth使某人干某事(这里的do是不带to的不定式)，类似的有：let sb do/have sb do
stress不可数名词，压力 be stressed out压力太大
waste: 名词 a waste of time 浪费时间 a waste of money浪费金钱
动词Don’t waste paper.
形容词，废弃的Don’t pour waste water into the river.
四个“花”
人作主语，常用结构： spend time/ money on sth She spent a lot of money on clothes.
spend time/ money (in) doing sth I spent 2 hours doing my homework last night.
2. cost 物作主语 The book cost me 20yuan.
3. pay 付钱，常和for连用 She paid 200yuan for this meal.
4. take, 常用于it takes (took) sb some time to do sth
It took me 2 hours to finish my homework last night.
get into a college = get into a university上大学 there is no need for sb to do sth某人没有必要干某事
It’s one’s job to do sth干某事是某人的工作It’s teachers’ job to teach students.
It’s one’s duty to do sth干某事是某人的职责It’s our duty to care for the old people.
provide sth for sb = provide sb with sth
They provided a house for him. = They provided him with a house.
anyway反正Sam didn’t get the job, but he’s not unhappy because it didn’t pay well anyway.
无论如何，不管怎样It’s just a cold. But anyway, you should still see the doctor.
in order to +do 为了干某事 In order to catch the early bus, he got up at 5:00.
in order not to do为了不要干某事 In order not be late again, he got up early .
in order that+句子=so that 引导目的状语从句 He got up early in order that he can catch the bus.
depend on 依靠，信赖You can’t always depend on your parents.
取决于 Whether we will go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. 我们明天是否去野营取决于天气。

develop 动词，发展，壮大，培养 The small village developed into a famous city.
develop children’s independence培养孩子们的独立性
developed形容词，发达的 developed country发达国家
developing形容词，发展中的 developing country发展中国家
development 名词，发展 The development in our hometown is surprising.
fair 形容词，公平的，合理的 fairness 名词，公正性，合理性 unfair形容词，不公平的
independence名词独立性 independent形容词，独立的
since 因为，既然Since everyone is here, let’s start now.既然大家都到齐了，我们就出发吧。

自从…以来 I have lived here since I was born.自从我出身以来，我一直住在这里。

pick up捡起，开车接某人 play a part (role) in (doing) sth参与到做某事 take an active part in 积极参加
have no idea=don’t know不知道 take care of = look after = care for 照顾，照料
take good care of = look after…well 好好照顾 as a result结果，因此 fell ill 生病
drop-dropped-dropped-dropping落下，掉下，下降 the grades dropped成绩下降
the+比…，the + 比…. The earlie r you give up smoking, the better it is for you future.
U nit 4 Why don’t you talk to your parents
提建议的句型：Why don’t you do sth = Why not do sth Let sb do sth / Let sb not do sth You could (not) do sth You should (not) do sth
What / How about doing sth You’d better ( not) do sth.
Shall we do sth Would you like (not) to do sth 提出请求的句型： Could you (please) do sth Could you (please) not do sth
Would you (please) do sth Would you (please ) not do sth
Would you mind doing sth Would youo mind not doing sth
Will you…
allow: 1. allow sb to do sth 允许某人去干某事 My father allowed me to watch TV.
2. sb be allowed to do sth某人被允许干某事 I was allowed to watch TV by my father.
3. allow doing sth 允许干某事We don’t allow smoking here.
get into a fight with sb = have a fight with sb ( fight是名词) 和某人争吵，打架
fight with sb=fight against sb （fight是动词，过去式fought）和某人争吵，打架
fight for sth为了…而争吵，打架
go to sleep 去睡觉 fall asleep睡着
have time to do sth有时间干某事 be good with sb善于和某人相处
be good at doing sth 擅长干某事 be good for 对…有好处 be good to = be friendly to
on the phone在电话中 on TV在电视上 on computer在电脑上 on the Internet在网上
find sb doing sth发现某人正在干某事 I found him playing computer games when I got home.
find sb do sth发现某人干某事的全过程 I found a man go into your room.
look through快速查看，浏览 say sorry to sb向某人道歉 say goodbye to sb向某人道别
say thanks to sb向某人道谢 say hi/ hello to sb向某人问好 work out 解决
give back =return归还 Please give my money back to me. = Please return my money to me.
The problem is that I can’t get on with my family. (that引导的是表语从句，和宾语从句一样，需要用陈述句的语序)
This is what I want. / My problem is whether he will come.
get on (well,badly) with sb和某人相处的好/坏= get along (well,badly) with sb
I get on well with my classmates.
get on (well, badly) with sth某事进展的好/坏= get along (well, badly) with sth
I get on well with my work. 我的工作进展的很顺利
communicate with sb 和某人交流、沟通（名词是communication）
argue with sb 和某人争吵（名词argument ）= have an argument with sb argue about sth
hang over 悬挂，笼罩 refuse to do sth拒绝干某事
relation 关系 The relation between them is the father and the son.
if 可以引导条件状语从句，意为如果，遵循主将从现；也可以引导宾语从句，意为是否，不需要遵循主将从现。

I don’t know if he will come to my party tomorrow. But if he comes, I’ll be very happy.
elder年长的 elder brother older更老的，更旧的
be nice to sb = be friendly to sb
instead 相反，反而，却
He didn’t go to school, instead he went to the park.
instead代替，后接宾语，必须加介词of, instead of + 名词/代词/ doing
There is no coffee, let’s drink some tea instead (of coffee).
It’s raining outside. We can’t go camping. Let’s stay at home instead of going camping.
Whatever 可以引导宾语从句 You can eat whatever you like.
还可以引导让步状语从句 Whatever happens, don’t open the door.
be nervous about/ of对…焦虑，紧张
offer to do sth主动提出干某事
offer sb sth= offer sth to sb = provide sb with sth= provide sth for sb 为某人提供某物
explain to sb 向某人解释 mind doing sth介意干某事 firstly, secondly,thirdly,lastly
copy one’s homework抄作业
return归还 return = give back return sth to sb= return sb sth
回到某地 return= go back/ come back I must return to hotel by 8:00.
not …any more= no more不再(次数，程度不再增加) He doesn’t smoke any more.=He no more smokes.
not …any longer= no longer不再（时间不再延长）He doesn’t live here any longer.= He no longer lives here.
leave sth+地点把某物落在了某地 I left my homework at home. forget后不接地点
pressure压力，不可数名词= stress under pressure在压力之下 give sb pressure给某人施压
compete with sb和某人竞争=compete against compete for sth为…而竞争
competition （名词，竞争，竞赛）
for the first time第一次 cut out减掉，删除，删掉 have a quick dinner快速地吃晚餐
姓氏后+s指夫妇二人或一家人，作主语，谓语用复数形式 The Smiths are watching TV.
be successful in doing sth = have success in doing sth= succeed in doing sth 成功地干某事
it’s time for sth = it’s time to do sth该干某事了It’s time for homework.= It’s time to do homework.
continue to do sth = go on to do sth继续干某事（干另一件事）
After he finished his homework, he continued to read.= He went on to read.
continue doing sth= go on doing sth继续干某事（同一件事）
He continued writing until he died.= He went on writing until he died.
compare A with B 把A和B进行比较Don’t compare your kid with other kids.
compare A to B 把A比作B We often compare beautiful girls to flowers.
be crazy about 对…着迷，痴迷，热衷于 My father is crazy about soccer.
push 推 ----pull 拉push …so hard 逼得太紧 push sb to do sth逼迫某人去看某事
be always doing sth总是干某事，含厌恶，赞扬，抱怨等感情色彩
cause 引起，造成，导致 Smoking may cause lung cancer.
cause sb to do sth导致某人干某事The accidents didn’t cau se him to change his mind.
in one’s opinion 依某人的观点，依某人之见 in my opinion依我之见
Unit5 What were you when the rainstorm came
过去进行时态是指过去某一时刻或某一时间内正在进行或发生的动作，基本结构是：
was/ were + doing ,常与at that time, at this time yesterday, at 9:00 yesterday morning, when, while .
变换句型时，变否定句，在be动词后加not, 变疑问句，be动词直接提前。

过去进行时指在过去的某一时刻动作正在进行，一般过去时指在过去的某一个时间完成了某一个动作。

She was writing a letter the whole night.她整晚都在写信（强调动作正在进行，信不一定写完）
She wrote a letter last night.她昨天晚上写了一封信。

（信写完了）
现在分词需要双写的：shopping, swimming, stopping, sitting , hitting , planning, getting, forgetting, beginning, cutting , running, putting, setting, winning
when &while 引导的时间状语从句
when后面从句中的动词既可以是延续性，又可以是非延续性（短暂性），
如果是延续性动词，用进行时如果是非延续性动词，用一般过去时（大部分是非延续性动词，过去式居多）
while后面从句的动词是延续性动词，用进行时态。

at the time of在…的时候 at the time of rainstorm在暴风雨的时候
go off（闹钟发出响声） My alarm goes off at 5:30 every day.
wake up醒来（过去式woke）
begin to do sth= begin doing sth 开始干某事= start to do sth= start doing sth(beginning)
pick up the phone= answer the phone 接电话
pick up 捡起 Please pick it up.请把它捡起来。

pick up 开车接某人 My father picks me up every day.
四个“也”
too: 用于句末，逗号隔开 I like English ,too. as well：句末，不用逗号隔开 I like English as well.
also: be动词、助动词、情态动词之后，实意动词之前 I also like English.
either: 用于句末，否定句I don’t like English either.
With no light outside, it felt like midnight.外面没有光亮，感觉就像半夜一样。

此句中介词with表示一种伴随的状况，同时还包含着某种因果关系，表示“因某种状况的存在而导致……”，因此可译作“由于；因为”等。

With my parents away, I’m the king of the house.我爸妈不在，我可是家中的“王”
I can't work with all that noise going on.由于那噪音响着，我无法工作。

feel like除了感觉像之外，还有“想要”的意思，feel like doing sth想要干某事I don’t feel like eating.
in the area在这个地区 at first起初，一开始 at last最后 break apart使分离
die down逐渐减弱，逐渐消失 die out灭绝 The tigers are dying out.
wood木材不可数名词；树林可数名词（woods）
make sure 确保，确定，核实 +从句 Make sure that you close the door before you leave.
make sure of sth We must make sure of her safety.
work主语是人时，指工作；主语是物，指运转My watch doesn’t work.
beat , beat(过去式) ,beaten （过去分词）
beat后接人或球队 We beat them by 3:2. win 后接比赛、奖品、名次
Against 倚、靠 He is standing against the wall.
反对，反义词是for I am against his plan.
asleep:形容词，作表语 fall asleep睡着
sleepy瞌睡的，困倦的，形容词，作表语或定语 I am sleepy.
sleeping形容词，正在睡觉的，与睡觉有关的，作定语 sleeping baby, sleeping bag
rise 过去式 rose ：指某物本身由低升至高处，日、月、水、云、雾、物价、温度
raise 抬起，举起，把某物从低处抬、搬至高处 raise your hands=put up your hands
kid 动词，欺骗，开玩笑 Are you kidding 名词，孩子
happen &take place
happen指偶然发生，不可预见； take place 指按计划发生
happen to do sth碰巧干某事 I happened to meet my old friend yesterday.
happen to sb某人发生了某事 What happened to you.
by the side of road在路边 walk by路过make one’s way to 前往，费力的向…前进
realize :动词意识到、认识到,后接名词或从句I realized that we couldn’t go back to the past.
动词，实现realize one’s dream = make one’s dream come true
remember to do sth记得去干某事（没做） remember doing sth记得干过某事（做过）
hear sb do sth听到某人干某事的全过程 hear sb doing sth听到某人正在干某事
hear from sb收到某人的来信 hear of听说 Have you heard of the story你听说过这个故事吗
was killed被杀死，一般过去时的被动语态，表示在过去被杀害 The house was built in 2006. 房子在2006年被建。

over = more than 超过 on the radio在收音机上 in silence 沉默，无声（silent形容词keep silent= keep quiet）
completely 副词，彻底地，完全地 I completely forgot his birthday.
complete形容词，完整的，完全的 His answer is not complete.
complete动词，使…完整 Complete the sentences with your own words.
be shocked to do sth 很震惊地去干某事 I was shocked to hear the news.
be shocked at sth对…感到震惊 I was shocked at the development of our hometown.
the rest of +名词做主语，谓语动词根据名词来定，意思是…的剩余部分
The rest of the money is yours. The rest of the students are form China.
recently 最近,副词比较级 more recently 最高级 most recently He came to see me recently.
recent 最近的，形容词 in recent years 在最近几年里
be taken down被拆毁，被摧毁（taken是take的过去分词） Can you help me take down the walls take down 还有记下的含义=write down Please take down my telephone number.
look out of 向…外面看 Look out of the window. look out = be careful = take care 小心，注意
tell the truth说实话 To tell the truth, we never thought we could win the game.
have trouble (in) doing sth = have difficulty (in ) doing sth = have problems (in) doing sth 干某事有困难
point out 指出，代词放中间，用宾格： There is a mistake in the sentence. Please point it out.
go away 走开，离开 call out大声说出来。