非谓语总结表
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不定式
名词
特性
动词
特性
句子
功能
1)不定式既有名词性质，又有动词性质。不定式名词性质表现在：在句中可作主语、宾语等。
---To becontent with little is true happiness.作主语
---The man, without fuss, agreedto serveas witness.用作宾语
c.及物动词须有宾语
---To kill bugs,spray the area regularly.(bug是不定式kill的宾语)
---Have you any reason forsaying such a thing?(such a thing为saying宾语)
2.非限定动词非动词性质表现在：
3.作介词的宾语
---He insist onseeingher home.
---His job consists ofgatheringinformation andwritingarticles.
4.在句中作表语
---The main thing isgetting there in time.
过去分词作定语
非限定动词由于不能用作谓语，因而没有语法上的主语，但它忘往往有逻辑上的主语。如：，
---How can I getto knowyou? (to know的逻辑主语是I)
---I can’t bear himStaying upso late. (动名词staying的逻辑主语是him)
带有宾语
不定式在句中可用作主语、表语、宾语、定语、同位语、状语和补语等。
1)主语---To seeis to believe.
---It always paysto tell the truth.
---It’s been a pleasureto beable to help you.
2)表语---The duties of a postman areto deliverletters and newspapers.
---My chief purpose has beento point outthe difficulties of the matter.
---The important thing isto savelives.
3)用作宾语，其逻辑主语同时也是全句的主语，如：
---They demandedto be shownthe authentic documents.
a.相当于名词
---To eatis to live. (不定式to eat相当名词，用作主语)
---Teachers despisecheating.教师厌恶作弊。(动名词cheating作宾语)
b.相当于形容词
---Acryingchild is easily comforted by a few soothing words.
---Do you thinkit’s worth whilequarrelling with me?
2.在句中作宾语
---I suggest doing it a different way.
---Have you finished cleaningthe kitchen?
---I admit breakingthe window.
---Mr. Chairman, I begto movethat the meeting be adjourned. (提议休会)
4)定语
5)同位语
6)状语
7)独立成分
8)宾语补语
9)主语补语
10)
非限定动词具有双重性质，它既有动词性质，又有非动词性质。
1.非限定动词动词性质表现在：
a.有时态形式和语态的变化。
---They are saidto have leftLondon. (不定式完成式)
---I don’t likebeing watched. (动名词被动式)
b.可被状语所修饰
---To drink while drivingis dangerous. (while driving drink)
---My favorite sport isswimming.
5.动名词名词化后可有复数形式，前面可加冠词
---Who didtherecording?
---Dickens often gavereadingsof his work.
---He kepthis savingsin the bank.
非类
2.非限定动
词的性质
3.非限定动
词短语
非限定动词(non-finite verb)是动词的非谓语形式，非限定动词与限定动词不同。限定动词(finite verb)在句中做谓语，受主语的人称和数的限制。如：
---Iputmy bookdownandlook out ofthe window.
---They plan further talks withinterestedparties on this question.
(过去分词interested的逻辑主语是parties)
非限定动词短语往往可以转化成各种从句：
---The manstanding thereis our English teacher----The man who is standing there is our English teacher.
哭闹的孩子好安慰。(现在分词相当于形容词，作定语)
---Awatched potnever boils.心急锅不热。
（过去分词相当于形容词，作定语）
非限定动词于己于其宾语或状语连用即钩成非限定动词短语。非限定动词短语有三种：不定式短语，动名词短语和分词短语。
动名词
名词
特性
动词
特性
动名
词复
合结
构
1.在句中作主语
---Backpackingis popular among college students. (背行李包旅行)动名词作主语
---Peoplewalkingin poorly lighted areas at night should be extremely careful.现在分词作定语
---Badlytorngarments should be mended by anexperiencedseamstress.
---Hunger and diseaseareworld problems.
非限定动词在句中不可单独用作谓语，不受主语的人称和数的限制；它在句中可以用作其它句子成分。非限定动词有三种：不定式、动名词、分词。
---Scientists hopeto finda cure for cancer.不定式作宾语
---Your denying everythingwill get you nowhere.
---Washing his car seems to be his main hobby.
---Entertaining audiencesis the purpose of movies.
---It’s niceseeing her again.
2)不定式动词性质表现在：可有时态、语态的变化，可以有宾语和状语录组成不定式短语。
---He was too clever a manto be bluffed.有语态变化
---The film star Ann Wilson is the 34th actressto playthis part on theLondonstage.
---He doesn’t likeher (Jane’s) talkingthat way.(作宾语)
---Excusemy interrupting you. (.作宾语)
2.注意下列句子中，代词和动名词都是直接宾语，故代词须用宾格
---Pardonme saying it.. (me)
---She forgavehim doing it. (him)
1..可以用代词或名词所有格表示其逻辑上的主语
---Sophia’s having seenthemdid not surprise us. (作主语)
---It’s no useyour tryingto deceive me. (作主语)
---My daughter staying upso lateworries me. (作主语)
1.有自己的宾语
---She is fond ofcollecting stamps. (stamps)
---I hope you don’t mindmy saying it. (it)
2.有自己的状语
---Excuse mefor coming late. (for coming late)
--Are you for or againststaying here(here)
名词
特性
动词
特性
句子
功能
1)不定式既有名词性质，又有动词性质。不定式名词性质表现在：在句中可作主语、宾语等。
---To becontent with little is true happiness.作主语
---The man, without fuss, agreedto serveas witness.用作宾语
c.及物动词须有宾语
---To kill bugs,spray the area regularly.(bug是不定式kill的宾语)
---Have you any reason forsaying such a thing?(such a thing为saying宾语)
2.非限定动词非动词性质表现在：
3.作介词的宾语
---He insist onseeingher home.
---His job consists ofgatheringinformation andwritingarticles.
4.在句中作表语
---The main thing isgetting there in time.
过去分词作定语
非限定动词由于不能用作谓语，因而没有语法上的主语，但它忘往往有逻辑上的主语。如：，
---How can I getto knowyou? (to know的逻辑主语是I)
---I can’t bear himStaying upso late. (动名词staying的逻辑主语是him)
带有宾语
不定式在句中可用作主语、表语、宾语、定语、同位语、状语和补语等。
1)主语---To seeis to believe.
---It always paysto tell the truth.
---It’s been a pleasureto beable to help you.
2)表语---The duties of a postman areto deliverletters and newspapers.
---My chief purpose has beento point outthe difficulties of the matter.
---The important thing isto savelives.
3)用作宾语，其逻辑主语同时也是全句的主语，如：
---They demandedto be shownthe authentic documents.
a.相当于名词
---To eatis to live. (不定式to eat相当名词，用作主语)
---Teachers despisecheating.教师厌恶作弊。(动名词cheating作宾语)
b.相当于形容词
---Acryingchild is easily comforted by a few soothing words.
---Do you thinkit’s worth whilequarrelling with me?
2.在句中作宾语
---I suggest doing it a different way.
---Have you finished cleaningthe kitchen?
---I admit breakingthe window.
---Mr. Chairman, I begto movethat the meeting be adjourned. (提议休会)
4)定语
5)同位语
6)状语
7)独立成分
8)宾语补语
9)主语补语
10)
非限定动词具有双重性质，它既有动词性质，又有非动词性质。
1.非限定动词动词性质表现在：
a.有时态形式和语态的变化。
---They are saidto have leftLondon. (不定式完成式)
---I don’t likebeing watched. (动名词被动式)
b.可被状语所修饰
---To drink while drivingis dangerous. (while driving drink)
---My favorite sport isswimming.
5.动名词名词化后可有复数形式，前面可加冠词
---Who didtherecording?
---Dickens often gavereadingsof his work.
---He kepthis savingsin the bank.
非类
2.非限定动
词的性质
3.非限定动
词短语
非限定动词(non-finite verb)是动词的非谓语形式，非限定动词与限定动词不同。限定动词(finite verb)在句中做谓语，受主语的人称和数的限制。如：
---Iputmy bookdownandlook out ofthe window.
---They plan further talks withinterestedparties on this question.
(过去分词interested的逻辑主语是parties)
非限定动词短语往往可以转化成各种从句：
---The manstanding thereis our English teacher----The man who is standing there is our English teacher.
哭闹的孩子好安慰。(现在分词相当于形容词，作定语)
---Awatched potnever boils.心急锅不热。
（过去分词相当于形容词，作定语）
非限定动词于己于其宾语或状语连用即钩成非限定动词短语。非限定动词短语有三种：不定式短语，动名词短语和分词短语。
动名词
名词
特性
动词
特性
动名
词复
合结
构
1.在句中作主语
---Backpackingis popular among college students. (背行李包旅行)动名词作主语
---Peoplewalkingin poorly lighted areas at night should be extremely careful.现在分词作定语
---Badlytorngarments should be mended by anexperiencedseamstress.
---Hunger and diseaseareworld problems.
非限定动词在句中不可单独用作谓语，不受主语的人称和数的限制；它在句中可以用作其它句子成分。非限定动词有三种：不定式、动名词、分词。
---Scientists hopeto finda cure for cancer.不定式作宾语
---Your denying everythingwill get you nowhere.
---Washing his car seems to be his main hobby.
---Entertaining audiencesis the purpose of movies.
---It’s niceseeing her again.
2)不定式动词性质表现在：可有时态、语态的变化，可以有宾语和状语录组成不定式短语。
---He was too clever a manto be bluffed.有语态变化
---The film star Ann Wilson is the 34th actressto playthis part on theLondonstage.
---He doesn’t likeher (Jane’s) talkingthat way.(作宾语)
---Excusemy interrupting you. (.作宾语)
2.注意下列句子中，代词和动名词都是直接宾语，故代词须用宾格
---Pardonme saying it.. (me)
---She forgavehim doing it. (him)
1..可以用代词或名词所有格表示其逻辑上的主语
---Sophia’s having seenthemdid not surprise us. (作主语)
---It’s no useyour tryingto deceive me. (作主语)
---My daughter staying upso lateworries me. (作主语)
1.有自己的宾语
---She is fond ofcollecting stamps. (stamps)
---I hope you don’t mindmy saying it. (it)
2.有自己的状语
---Excuse mefor coming late. (for coming late)
--Are you for or againststaying here(here)