2019-2020学年河北正定第一中学高三英语上学期期中试卷及答案解析

2019-2020学年河北正定第一中学高三英语上学期期中试卷及答案解
析
第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
If you are sending a text message watching TV or listening to the radio, you may stop and give this your full attention. Multitasking shrinks (使.....萎缩)the brain? research suggests.
A study found that men and womenwho frequently used several types of technology at the same time had less grey matter in a key part of the brain. University of Sussex researchers said, " Using mobile phones, laptops and other media devicessimultaneouslycould be changing the structure of our brains."
Worryingly, the part of the brain that shrinks is involved in processing emotion. The finding follows research which has linked multitasking with a shortened attention span, depression , anxiety and lower grades at school.
The researchers began by asking 75 healthy men and women how often they divided their attention between different types of technology. This could mean sending a text message while listening to music and checking e-mail, or speaking on the phone while watching TV and surfing the Internet. The volunteers were then given brain scans which showed they had less grey matter in a region called the anterior cingu-late cortex (ACC)(前扣带皮层).Scientists have proved that brain structure can be changed on exposure to fresh environments and experience.
Other studies have shown that training—such as learning to play magic tricks or taxi drivers' learning the map of London―can increase grey matter densities (密度)in certain parts.
Experts have also warned of the harmful impact technology can have on our memory and attention span. The University of California team conducted a survey of more than 18,000 people aged between 18 and 99，and found 20%had problems with memory. Researchers were shocked greatly by the 14 % of 18 to 39-year-old people who also worried about their memories.
Multitasking may shorten attention span, making it harder to focus and form memories, the researchers said, adding that youngsters may be particularly affected by stress.
1. The underlined word " simultaneously" in Paragraph 2 means "________，"
A. on one's own
B. at no time
C. at the same time
D. by accident
2. All of the following are possible effects of multitasking EXCEPT________ .
A. saving time
B. a shortened attention span
C. lower grades at school
D. depression and anxiety
3. Which ofthe following can be the best title of this passage?
A. Media multitasking is becoming more popular
B. Multitasking shrinks the brain
C. Multitasking may shorten attention span
D. People are worried about their memories.
B
For our official holidays, like the National Holiday, many people'd like to go on a visit to some places of interest. Yesterday our class had a heated discussion about whether we should travel during holidays.One man's meat is another man's poison.
Some students are for it. They think visitors can enjoy a good variety of scenery. Facing glorious(壮丽的) touristattractions, travelers may well broaden their eyes. At the same time, they can keep fit by walking on foot, and taste different delicious food that they can't get in their own hometowns. What's more, travelling can make a contribution to our economy development, mainly to the local economy development. Most travelers need to buy tickets to go to their destinations, thus traffic department will earn money. Travelers also need to sleep and eat, thus local hotels and restaurants also share benefits. Paying admission(门票费) benefits local governments. As for native farmers, they can benefit from selling local specialities to many travelers. In this case, money circulation(货币流通) is speeded up.
On the other hand, other students are against it. They believe it's a waste of money. Some famous places of interest are too crowded, while those smaller ones are not worth visiting. Travelling may cause traffic jams here and there. What's worse, due to travelling here and there, there exist some accidents on the road. Besides, it's known that travelling can also pollute the local environment. In order to reduce air and waste pollution, people should have a rest to the full, reading books or watching TV at home. Recently, many have been afraid of being infected with COVID-19 in particular.
As far as I am concerned, travelling is a good choice to spend holidays. And the government should take some measures to solve the existing problems. More policemen should be on duty to deal with accidents in time. Can we make a small change to the period when people don't have to go to work in some provinces? Let's take the
example of the National Holiday, if some provinces of our country spend this holiday mainly in late September, with the National Day coming to an end, rather than in earlyOctober, most famous places of interest will not become crowded. At the same time, visitors must obey traffic rules and shouldn't throw rubbish freely here and there. Last but not least, never should we travel when there is a pandemic(大流行病，瘟疫). It's our duty to prevent its spread.
4. What does the underlined sentence “One man's meat is another man's poison” in this passage mean?
A. Some persons like meat, while others don't.
B. Different persons taste meals differently.
C. A man mistakes meat for poison.
D. Different persons have different opinions on one thing.
5. How do travelers contribute to our economy development?
A. They buy all kinds of tickets.
B. They walk, sleep, eat and meet native farmers.
C. They speed up money circulation by spending money on transport, accommodations(膳宿), specialities and admission.
D. They only enjoy visiting many glorious tourist attractions.
6. Which sentence of the following is not true?
A. There's a need for more policemen.
B Some provinces can change the date of an official holiday completely.
C. Visitors must obey traffic rules and shouldn't throw rubbish freely.
D. People should never travel when there is a pandemic.
7. What the author's attitude to travel during holidays?
A. He doesn't show his opinion.
B. He doesn't agree at all.
C. He supports unconditionally.
D. He supports and makes some suggestions.
C
Dengue is a very painful illness spread by mosquitoes. In severe cases, dengue can even be deadly. Dengue is a serious disease affecting people in around 120 countries. It can cause high fevers, headaches, and severe pain. It’s caused by a virus spread by bites from mosquitoes. Therefore, dengue is more common in warm areas. Every year, roughly 390 million people get dengue, and as many as 25,000 die from it.
Now scientists seem to have found a way to protect humans from dengue by first protecting mosquitoes.
Dengue fever is caused by a virus. Though it may seem strange to think of it this way, the mosquitoes that spread the dengue virus are also infected with it. But the virus doesn’t seem to hurt the mosquitoes.
Wolbachia is a kind of bacteria commonly found in many insects. In some insects, Wolbachia can keep some viruses fromduplicatingthemselves, which is how viruses grow inside a body. Wolbachia isn’t naturally found in mosquitoes. But by infecting these mosquitoes with Wolbachia, scientists can keep the mosquitoes from catching the dengue virus. Even better, the young mosquitoes coming from the eggs of the infected mosquitoes also carry Wolbachia.
Researchers working with the World Mosquito Program (WMP) ran a 27-month study in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. They split a 10-square-mile area up into 24 smaller areas. In half of the areas, the scientists did nothing. In the other half, they set out containers of eggs from mosquitoes that had Wolbachia. They did this every two weeks for just 4 to 6 months.
Ten months later, 80% of the mosquitoes in the treated areas carried Wolbachia. The researchers report the number of dengue cases in the treated areas was reduced by 77% and that the number of people needing hospital care for dengue dropped by 86%.
Because the results of the experiment were so good, the WHO has placed Wolbachia-infected mosquito eggs in all parts of Yogyakarta and surrounding areas. The WHO says that within a year, their efforts will protect 2.5 million people against dengue and that their efforts will be turned into a program that can be repeated worldwide.
8. What kind of disease is dengue?
A. It is likely to cause death.
B. It causes no pain but fevers.
C. It happens less often in hot areas.
D. It hurts both people and mosquitoes.
9. The underlined word “duplicating” in paragraph 3 most probably means “________”.
A. worsening the harm of
B. expanding the size of
C. increasing forces of
D. making copies of
10. What can be inferred about the method from the figures listed in paragraph 5?
A. Its wide use.
B. Its effectiveness.
C. Its complexity.
D.Its easy operation.
11. What’s the WHO’s attitude towards the method?
A. Ambiguous.
B. Positive.
C. Tolerant.
D. Skeptical.
D
When Chip heard the mail truck arriving on his sixth birthday, herushed out—not knowing that he’d come
back with a treasure.
Outside the house, which was decorated with birthday balloons, postwoman Shelley held a pile of boxes. One was marked with Chip’s name and a greeting for his Special day, November 5.
“So,” when he came running out the door, she said, “You must be Chip!” And he said,“Yes.” She said, “Today’s your birthday?” And he started smiling. Shelley said, “So, let me see if I can find you something for your birthday.”She checked her pocket and surprised him with a gift: a dollar bill and four quarters.
On this day, the 42-year-old postwoman made one little boy very happy. “He was very excited,” said his mom, Bonnie. “He came running back in the house just waving his money.” Chip is saving up to buy a Spider-man action figure.
“Our family has had money problems since I lost my job. Gestures like that are valuable memories.” Her hope is that Chip and his eight-year-old sister, Bennett, will remember this when they grow up. “Not the ugly that is out there right now, but the good and the kind and the giving.”
A photo of a smiling Chip and Shelley next to the mail truck has been shared widely on social media. Shelley said she was just trying to give back, because people are often nice to her eight-year-old son, Joshua.
On a recent day, Chip heard the mail truck and rushed out again, this time to deliver an envelope with a thank-you card for his favorite mail carrier. Since that day, the families have kept in contact. Shelley has struggled to find someone who can take care of her son, and Bonnie has agreed to watch him at her home while his mom is on her mail route.
12. Why did Chip rush out when he heard the mail truck the first time?
A. To thank the postwoman.
B. To get a gift box mailed to him.
C. To receive birthday wishes from the driver.
D. To watch the mail truck.
13. What did Shelley do to make Chip happy?
A. She gave him some pocket money.
B. She sent him some birthday balloons.
C. She presented him with a greeting card.
D. She bought him a Spider-man action figure.
14. What is Chip’s mother’s attitude towards Shelley?
A. Grateful.
B. Curious.
C. Doubtful.
D. Indifferent.
15. What does Chip’s mother do to help Shelley?
A. She offers to deliver the mails for her.
B. She often helps drive her mail truck.
C. She looks after her son when she is at work.
D. She posts pictures of her mail truck on social media.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项
The Olympic spirit is about sportsmanship, personal sacrifice, and a strong will to reach your goals.____16____Instead, it’s a source of motivation to keep going and try to improve every day.
The importance of the Olympic spirit goes far beyond the sports events. And it’s not just for professional athletes, either.____17____Its goal is to encourage everyone, as people, and as citizens, to incorporate (使并入) these values into their lives.
It’s not easy to describe the Olympic spirit in words. Yet everyone who meets it probably knows what it means. One central aspect is having the knowledge that the greatest reward doesn’t lie in getting to a particular goal or victory.____18____
Of course, we’re not trying to suggest that victory means nothing to an athlete or that goals aren’t important. When we speak of personal or professional dreams or goals, we’re aware that reaching the objective is always one’s greatest wish.
Nevertheless, we shouldn’t forget that victory is the result of a long process. It’s only possible through the effort that leads up to it.____19____Everyone who manages to gain victory has to travel a long way to get there. And it must necessarily include some failures and disappointments, but must never end with the person giving up.
Let’s take a track and field race as an example-just to keep going along the line of this sports thread.____20____But all of the competitors are going to give the best of themselves throughout the competition. And you can expect they’ll continue to do so just to improve themselves even after the race.
A. Always try to achieve perfection.
B. The Olympic spirit speaks to all of us.
C. It’s about the promotion of certain values.
D. There are no people who are born champions.
E. Instead, the process itself is the greatest reward.
F. Another person’s success is no reason to give up or envy.
G. There can only be one winner at the end of every track or trial.
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项
I was in deep thought. The year drew to a___21___. What would I accomplish in the next?
I looked up at the___22___in the distance. They were white now. Not long ago, they were brown. In the time I’ve lived inIdaho, I’ve had the opportunity to watch the___23___of seasons make their changes on those mountains I am never___24___of seeing.
My first___25___of them came in September. The sides of the mountains were painted green with the leaves.
Near the top were pines. The days moved on. The weather___26___. The leaves browned. The mountain changed.
Fall___27___to winter. I stood and watched the top of the mountains turn a blinding white. I’m not a skier, but I imagined the excitement of___28___down the side of those mountains—free, fast, and___29___.
Winter turned to____30____. The snow in the valley____31____. The weeks passed, the green in the valley flowed____32____up the slopes like a reversed waterfall. The mountains were as I first saw them, green and leafy.
On this New Year’s Eve, the mountains are white again. I saw so many changes, but were they changes? The mountains are never changing. Like people, they only changed____33____to fit the weather. They didn’t allow outside influences to____34____what lie beneath their coats of changing color1 s. They were always the same.
I’m in my third season of life. A little snow has____35____at my peak. My clothing changed to____36____my seasons. Next year and all my years to follow, I want to be as constant as a mountain. Although my looks change, I want to be____37____. My body will change coats many times, but when my day is done, I want people to say, “No matter what the seasons of life____38____, he never changed inside. He never____39____the pressures of the seasons or the weathers of life to change what he was underneath. He was a____40____mountain you could rely on.”
21. A. close B. change C. practice D. agreement
22. A. ruins B. remains C. trees D. mountains
23. A. variety B. order C. stress D. cycle
24. A. tired B. informed C. accused D. convinced
25. A. sight B. intention C. scenery D. desire
26. A. wanned B. cooled C. improved D. continued
27. A. contributed B. gave way C. subscribed D. gave in
28. A. throwing B. slipping C. climbing D. battling
29. A. frustrated B. motivated C. panicked D. thrilled
30. A. spring B. summer C. fall D. winter
31. A. multiplied B. disappeared C. stayed D. thickened
32. A. steadily B. immediately C. gradually D. casually
33. A. rules B. color1 s C. coats D. measures
34. A. uncover B. change C. expose D. remove
35. A. melted B. slimmed C. gathered D. frozen
36. A. instruct B. confirm C. fit D. fight
37. A. inspiring B. reliable C. challenging D. brave
38. A. fetched B. took C. presented D. rewarded
39. A. requested B. expected C. meant D. allowed
40. A. naturally B. consequently C. definitely D. instantly
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
One day,Pierre,___41.___worked in a government office, received an___42.___(invite) to a palace ball. His wife, Mathilde, had no money for jewellery, so she___43.___(borrow) a beautiful necklace from her friend, Jeanne. She looked very beautiful and they had a wonderful time that evening. She said that it was her___44.___(good) moment in her life. But after the ball, she found the necklace___45.___(miss). They had to borrow a lot of money___46.___(buy) a new one for Jeanne. In order to pay___47.___the money, they worked day and night for 10 years. Mathilde became___48.___(extreme) old, so Jeanne didn’t recognize her___49.___they met in a park 10 years later. From this story, we know a person shouldn’t___50.___(affect) by vanity (虚荣心), otherwise it will cost him a lot.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文，文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。

每处错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Last week I notice a spider in my bathtub. I must admit its long legs were a little bit frightened. For the next few day, each time I was entered the bathroom, I would find it still in the bathtub. Then, it sudden occurred to me that the spider might have been trapped and unable to get out of the bathtub. So, I gathered my courage and was able to move them onto a small piece of string attached on my hairbrush. In end, I carried it safely to the window from that it made its way outside. I felt a great sense of joy in rescue the poor little fellow.
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.假定你是你们班研究项目“Making a Travel Brochure about Our Country”的负责人，上周该项目获得了学校表彰，请你给校《英语报》写一篇稿件，介绍如何做好该项目的经验，内容包括：
1.项目的目的；
2.分享成功的经验；
3.你的祝愿。

注意:1.写作词数应为80左右;
2.请在答题卡的相应位置作答。

.
How to Do the Project “Making a Travel Brochure about Our Country”
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1. C
2. A
3. C
4. D
5. C
6. B
7. D
8. A 9. D 10. B 11. B
12. B 13. A 14. A 15. C
16. F 17. C 18. E 19. D 20. G
21. A 22. D 23. D 24. A 25. A 26. B 27. B 28. B 29. D 30. A 31. B 32.
A 33. C 34.
B 35.
C 36. C 37. B 38. C 39.
D 40. C
41. who
42. invitation
43. borrowed
44. best 45. missing
46. to buy 47. back
48. extremely
49. when 50. be affected
51.(1).notice→noticed
(2).frightened→ frightening
(3).day→ days
(4). was 去掉
(5). sudden→suddenly
(6). them→it
(7). on→ to
(8).In end 之间加the
(9).that→which
(10). rescue→rescuing
52.略。