2021年高考英语一轮总复习必修3 Unit 2 Healthy eating-B卷

必修3 Unit 2 Healthy eating（B卷）
滚动提升检测
(全卷共四大题，满分100分。

请在40分钟内完成)
班级____________学号____________姓名____________得分____________
一、阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。

(共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分)
A
For years we have been dieting strictly after the year-end overeating, afraid that when summer comes, the bigger size we have accumulated will betray how we ate. Now scientists say, it’s a little bug that causes obesity.
As the holiday season with its abundant feasting arrives, millions of food lovers are keeping an eye on their figures. But scientists have found that weight gain is not about too much Christmas turkey or hot chocolates, but some bacteria in your guts (肠).
Chinese scientists recently discovered a type of bacteria in guts that may be to blame for obesity.
A research team led by Zhao Liping, a professor in Shanghai, has identified a precise link between a particular kind of bacteria and unusual weight gain.
“The endotoxin (内毒素) released by the bacterium can activate (激活) a gene that helps produce fat. And it also deac tivates a gene that consumes fat,” Zhao says.
Scientists have long believed that microscopic organisms in the gut, microbiota, may play a very important role in weight gain, but they had never been able to prove it.
In 2004, American microbiologist Jeffrey Gordon and his colleagues discovered a general link between obesity and gut microbiota in mice.
While a link was believed to exist, proving it was another matter.
“The list of diseases that they may play a role in is just growing and growing,” says Lita P roctor, director of the US National Institutes of Health. “But the problem is that we’re only able to look at associations and aren’t yet able to conduct cause-and-effect studies.”
In the clinical study, researchers found a growth of too much endotoxin-producing bacteria, leading to 35 percent of the gut bacteria, in an obese patient whose initial weight was 175 kg.
Based on this information, researchers tried to cure the patient by feeding him a specialized nutritional liquid food to decrease the bacteria in his guts to ignorable amounts. After 23 weeks, the patient lost 51.4 kg, with his
fatty liver disease having almost disappeared.
1. We diet strictly after the year-end overeating because ________.
A. we won’t betray ourselves
B. we eat too muc h turkey
C. there are bacteria in our guts
D. we don’t want to look fat
2. What can be learned from Zhao’s research?
A. Obesity is related to a kind of bacteria.
B. Healthy diet helps reduce your fat.
C. Chocolate doesn’t cause weight gain.
D. Too much food leads to overweight.
3. Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. Scientists didn't try to find out the cause of overweight.
B. There is a link between mice's overweight and human's.
C. Lita proved the link between bacteria and weight gain.
D. Scientists found bacteria may be related to many diseases.
4. The patient finally lost 51.4 kg of his weight after ______.
A. 35 percent of his gut bacteria were killed
B. the amount of gut bacteria was decreased
C. he had a special kind of operation
D. his fatty liver had disappeared
5. What does the passage mainly talk about?
A. People’s eating habits.
B. Healthy lifestyles.
C. A medical discovery.
D. The consequence of obesity.
B
Good health is the mo st valuable possession a person can have, but one can’t take good health for granted. It is important to remember that the body needs proper care in order to be healthy. There are three things that a person can do to help stay in good shape: eat the right foods, get enough sleep and exercise regularly.
Proper nutrition is important for good health. Your body cannot function well unless it receives the proper kind of “fuel”. Avoid foods with lots of sugar and fat. Eat plenty of foods high in protein, like le an meat, fish, beans and nuts. Vegetables and fruits are especially important because they provide necessary vitamins and minerals. However, don’t overeat. It is not healthful to be overweight.
Getting the proper amount of sleep is also important. If you d on’t get enough sleep, you feel tired and irritable (烦躁的). You have no energy. Over a long period of time a little amount of sleep may even result in a change of personality. Be sure to allow yourself from seven to nine hours of sleep each night. If you do, your body will feel
Finally, get plenty of exercise. Exercise firms the body, strengthens the muscles and prevents you from gaining weight. It also improves exercise program, and you will probably increase your lifespan (寿命). Any kind of exercise is good. Most sports are excellent for keeping the body in good shape. Basketball, swimming, bicycling, gymnastics and running are all good examples. Sports are not only good for your body, but they are enjoyable and interesting, too.
If everybody were to eat the right foods and get plenty of sleep and exercise regularly, the world would be a happier and healthier place. We would all live to be much older and wiser.
1. A person can stay in good shape if he _________.
A. eat the right foods
B. get enough sleep
C. exercise regularly
D. all of the above
2. According to the passage, _________.
A. proper care is very important for us to keep fit
B. if we’re healthy, we can adventure in doing things with less sleep
C. one can eat a lot to stay in good shape
D. one needn’t do any exercise if he is healthy
3. “Eating more and sleeping less” _________.
A. can keep healthy
B. is no good for you
C. gets you more energy
D. will keep your personality
4. The underlined word “sharp” means _________.
A. having a thin cutting edge
B. irritable
C. comfortable
D. sensitive
5. The title for the passage should be _________.
A. Eating and Exercising
B. The Function of Vitamins
C. Staying Healthy
D. Sleeping Well
[助读词汇]
possession n. 财产function vt. 运转
personality n. 个性strengthen vt. 加强
muscle n. 肌肉refreshed adj. 神清气爽的
nutrition n. 营养protein n. 蛋白质
lean meat 瘦肉take…for granted 认为……是理所当然的
vitamins and minerals 维生素和矿物质stay in good shape 保持良好的身体状况
二、完形填空阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

(共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分)
American researchers have discovered that lack of sleep is bad for memory and they suggest people take a short sleep during the 1 .
2 for 72 hours. During this time they
stress hormones to get together in a part of the 6 , which in turn made the growth of cells that helped new memories 7 .
“We know that sleep deprivation is stressful, and that it makes some types of learning and memory 8 ,” a lead researcher said.
at remembering how to do newly learned tasks than they are 11 . The results are also said to be the first to provide a system
in the right hormonal conditions is important.
to human being’s staying awake for several weeks. So sleep deprivation is bad for 16 , but only “in extreme cases”, scientists believe.
sleep every
and unexpected!
1. A. dusk B. dawn C. daytime D. night
2. A. Researchers B. Chemists C. Physicians D. Scholars
3. A. animals B. plants C. rats D. cells
4. A. asleep B. annoyed C. awkward D. awake
5. A. made B. caused C. weakened D. robbed
6. A. heart B. brain C. spirit D. system
7. A. slow B. speed C. withdraw D. stress
8. A. weak B. strong C. amazing D. abnormal
9. A. different B. limited C. similar D. beneficial
10. A. better B. tougher C. sleepier D. worse
11. A. addicted B. conscious C. normal D. relaxed
12. A. avoidance B. supply C. lack D. abortion
13. A. breath B. recreation C. judgment D. sleep
14. A. combined B. spied C. digested D. experienced
15. A. different B. equal C. friendly D. accustomed
16. A. memory B. motivation C. behavior D. character
17. A. possibility B. entry C. comprehension D. advantage
18. A. deep B. effective C. simple D. enough
19. A. poisonous B. possible C. protective D. balanced
20. A. surprising B. obese C. balanced D. curious
[助读词汇]
researcher n. 研究人员stressful adj. 有压力的
rat n. 田鼠lack of… 缺乏……
stress hormone 压力荷尔蒙sleep deprivation 剥夺睡眠；睡眠不足
in turn 转而in extreme cases 在极端情况下
三、语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

(共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分)
It is reported that over 300 million people in China are suffering from near-sightedness. 1 more children have got eye trouble, their parents hope to cure the disease by medicine, equipment 2 by correcting the way children read and sit. But in fact the care 3 (give) to one’s eyes should start with the exercise on one’s feet. Three methods on how to protect are as follows: for one thing, don’t fasten your shoes too 4 (tight). Try wearing loose shoes and socks or walking bare-footed at home. When traveling, try wearing cloth shoes so as to make blood circulation 5 (easy).
For another thing, walking on tiptoes (脚尖) will help improve one’s eyesight and prevent near-sightedness. Figures tell that few ballet performers are near-sighted.
In addition, rope skipping also does good 6 one’s eyesight. When 7 (skip) the rope, one has to react quickly, 8 excites the brain as well as the eyes. Besides foot exercises, 9 is good to pull one’s ears. Pulling the ears 20 times is found to be 10 effective way to reduce the pressure on one’s eyes soon.
[助读词汇]
near-sightedness n. 近视bare-footed adj. 赤脚的
eyesight n. 视力figure n. 数字
as follows 如下cloth shoes 布鞋
for one thing 首先for another thing 其次
blood circulation 血液循环ballet performer 巴黎舞演员
in addition 此外rope skipping 跳绳
四、短文改错（共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。

每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

One day, little Tony went to a shopping center with his parent. It was very crowded. Tony saw a toy on a shop window. He liked it so very much that he quickly walked into the shop. After looks at the toy for some time, he turned around and found where his parents were missing. Tony was scared and begun to cry. A woman saw him crying and telling him to wait outside a shop. Five minutes later, Tony saw parents. Mom said, “How nice to see you again! Dad and I were terrible worried.” Tony promised her that this would never happen again.
必修3 Unit 2 Healthy eating（B卷）滚动提升检测
参考答案
一、阅读理解
(A) 介绍了关于肥胖现象新的医学发现。

1. D 推理判断题。

根据文章第一段...afraid that when summer comes, the bigger size we have accumulated will betray how we ate. 可知，人们在年底大吃大喝之后开始节食，主要是因为害怕夏天来了会暴露出自己臃肿的身材。

2. A 事实细节题。

根据第四段has identified a precise link between a particular kind of bacteria and unusual weight gain.可知，肥胖和某一种特殊的细菌之间有密切的联系。

3. D 推理判断题。

根据倒数第四段“The list of diseases that they may play a role in is just growing and growing,”以及...aren’t yet able to conduct cause-and-effect studies. 可知科学家发现细菌可能与很多疾病有关联。

4. B 事实细节题。

根据文章倒数第二段researchers tried to cure the patient by feeding him a specialized nutritional liquid food to decrease the bacteria in his guts to ignorable amounts.可知，细菌数量的减少可以使体重下降。

5. C 主旨大意题。

从文章多次出现found, discovered 可以看出本文主要讲的是一项新的医学发现。

很多考生选了D，误选的考生可能他们不知道该文讲的是肥胖的原因，而不是肥胖的结果。

(B) 本文作者主要告诉我们，吃正确的食物、保持足够的睡眠和有规律的运动是保持健康最重要的三种方式。

1. D 事实细节题。

根据首段There are three things that a person can do to help stay in good shape: eat the right foods, get enough sleep and exercise regularly.可知选D。

2. A 事实细节题。

由文章第一段中It is important to remember that the body needs proper care in order to be healthy.可知A项正确。

3. B 推理判断题。

根据第二段最后一句However, don’t overeat. It is not healthful to be overweight.和第三段If you don’t get enough sleep, you feel tired and irritable. You have no energy. Be sure to allow yourself from seven to nine hours of sleep each night.可推知B项正确。

4. D 猜测词义题。

根据上下文语境可知，如果你自己有足够的睡眠，那么身体和思维这两个方面会有什么样的效果。

显然sharp的感情色彩必须和strong and refreshed一致。

B和C可首先排除；A项是对sharp
的基本释义，并不符合文章语境。

故选D符合上下语境。

sensitive在此意为“灵敏的，敏锐的”，与sharp一致。

5. C 主旨大意题。

A、B、D都过于片面，只有C项具有总领文章的概括性。

根据文章可知，eat the right foods, get enough sleep and exercise regularly是保持健康(Staying Healthy)的三种方式。

故选C合适。

二、完形填空
本文作者向我们介绍了缺乏睡眠给记忆力带来的影响并建议我们在午饭后休息一会，以补充睡眠。

究人员是建议在白天睡个短觉。

故选C合适。

2. A 根据第一段American researchers或者第三段a lead researcher said.可知选A。

属于原词复现。

3. C 根据空后的They kept the rats可知选C。

同样属于原词复现。

4. D 由上文可知，研究人员为了找出缺乏睡眠对记忆力带来的影响，他们用田鼠做试验，他们让田鼠保持清醒达72个小时，言下之意是让田鼠缺乏睡眠，看看会发生什么样的情况。

同时也通过这个事实发现一些问题。

故选D符合上下语境和逻辑。

5. B 结合四个选项和空后的stress hormones to get together可知，此处是指：缺乏睡眠使压力荷尔蒙在一部分脑中聚集。

习惯搭配cause…to…意为“使……发生/做……”，符合语境。

C和D项可首先排除；A项made干扰性较大，但make后常接动词原形，即：make…do…。

6. B 根据下面的helped new memories可知此处肯定是指在脑中才能与memories有联系。

which(指代前面缺乏睡眠引起压力荷尔蒙这个情况)造成帮助新的记忆力的细胞的增长减缓。

只有选A才符合上下语境和逻辑。

8. A 由本段前面的sleep deprivation is stressful可推断，缺乏睡眠会让记忆力变弱。

故选A合适。

9. C 结合空后的to earlier studies可推出类似的实验以前肯定做过，也得出过相似的结论。

故选C合适。

10. D 根据空前的sleep-deprived people可知选D合适。

11. C 本句是将缺乏睡眠的状态和睡眠正常的状态进行对比。

表正常状态常用normal，故选C。

12. C 由空后的is bad for memory不难推断出答案选C最合适。

lack of…意为“缺乏……”。

13. D 根据本文主要内容，主要就是讲睡眠和记忆力之间的关系，因此不难知道此处选D符合文意。

14. D 根据上文拿老鼠做实验的实例可知答案选D正确。

15. B 根据空前的is usually long和空后的staying awake for several weeks可知，两者的时间都很长。

斟酌四个选项，只有B项是表两者相似的，equal to…意为“”相当于……。

16. A 文章多处提到。

属于原词复现。

17. B 思考四个选项并考虑句意：既然你现在为进入大学而忙着学习，你最好每天有足够的睡眠。

因此此题选A最佳。

entry into…意为“进入……”。

entry为名词。

18. D 根据本句意和上下语境逻辑可知。

19. B 结合本句句意不难知道答案选B正确。

其他选项显然逻辑不符合。

20. A 结合空后的unexpected可知，此处指饭后休息一下，也许结果是令人惊喜的和意想不到的好。

故选A最符合句意和文意。

三、语法填空
本文主要介绍保护视力的方法和技巧。

1. As 空后是两个分句，故一定是填连接词。

再根据句意，此处显然表原因，故填As引导原因状语从句。

引导词位于句首引导原因状语从句时，常用As。

注意首字母要大写。

2. or 空的前后是两个短语by medicine, equipment和by correcting the way，中间无分号也无句号，常填并列连词。

根据句意此处应该是表选择，故填or。

3. given 分析句子成分可知，后面已有谓语动词should start，故括号中的give在此作非谓语。

care与give之间存在被动关系，故填given，过去分词短语作后置定语。

4. tightly 副词修饰动词。

5. easier 此处是个隐形比较级。

6. to 习惯搭配do good to。

7. skipping 当状语从句表时间、条件等时，且逻辑主语与主句一致以及系动词是be时，常将从句的主语和be省略。

此处完整应是: When one is skipping the rope, one h as to…。

(skip在此作谓语，考虑时态和语态，时态显然是用现在进行时最合适)
8. which 引导非限定性定语从句，which指代前面整个句子。

9. it 作形式主语，真正的主语是to pull one’s ears。

10. an 不定冠词的基本用法，在此以为“一种(方法)”。

四、短文改错
1. parent→parents
2. on→in
3. very去掉
4. looks→looking
5. where→that或去掉where
6. begun→began
7. telling→told
8. a→the
9. saw后加his 0. terrible→terribly。