2018年高考英语抢分秘籍秘籍16 主旨大意题- Word版含解析

秘籍16 主旨大意题
主旨大意题是高考阅读理解的主要题型之一，旨在考查考生对文章大意或者文章中心思想的把握和归纳能力。

此类题数量较大，在15个题中约占2-3个。

◆主旨大意题的分类
1. 从考查对象上划分，主旨大意题可分为两种
①篇章主旨：针对全文的主题进行提问。

主题句出现在首段的居多，其次是末段。

②段落主旨：针对某一段或几段的主题提问。

主题句可能是段落的首句、末句，也可能需要从上下文中寻
找或总结。

2. 考查内容上划分，主旨大意题可分为三种
①主题类(内容)，考查文章或段落的主旨大意；
②目的类，考查文章或段落的写作目的；
③标题类，要求考生选出文章的最佳标题。

◆设问特点：
1. 考查全文主旨或段落大意。

2. 正确选项概况范围大小恰当，主旨判断准确。

3. 错误选项的特点常常是太大、太窄或者偏离主题，主观臆断。

4. 常以main idea, best idea, subject, mainly discuss 等词提问。

◆常考问题：
1. 中心思想类
The main point /idea of the passage is…
The passage is mainly abou t…
The passage mainly discusses…
The last but one paragraph is chiefly concerned with…?
Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea of the passage? 2. 标题类
Which of the following is the best title of the passage?
The be st title for the passage would be …
3. 目的类
The author’s main purpose in writing the passage is to …
The passage is meant to ….
In writing this passage, the author mainly intends to…
【名师指导】
文章主题常常可以通过文章的写作方法来体现，有以下五种情况：
1. 中心主题句出现在文首
开门见山，提出主题，随之用细节来解释、支撑或发展主题句所表达的主题思想。

这是英语中最常见的演绎法写作方式，即由一般到特殊，先提出观点，后举例论证，主题句则出现在段首的写作方法。

新闻报道通常就采用这种写法。

新闻报道的首句通常称为“新闻导语”，“导语”实际上就是主题句，是对全文内容的高度概括。

大意题、标题一般可在第一句话找到答题依据。

（2016·新课标卷III）Bad news sells. If it bleeds, it leads. No news is good news, and good news is no news. Those are the classic rules for the evening broadcasts and the morning papers. But now that information is being spread and monitored(监控) in different ways, researchers are discovering new rules. By tracking people’s e-mails and online posts, scientists have found that good news can spread faster and farther than disasters and sob stories.
＂The ‘if it bleeds’ rule works for mass media,＂ says Jonah Berger, a scholar at the University of Pennsylvania. ＂They want your eyeballs and don’t care how you’re feeling. But when you share a story with your friends, you care a lot more how they react. You don’t want them to think of you as a Debbie Downer.＂
Researchers analyzing word-of-mouth communication—e-mails, Web posts and reviews, face-to-face conversations—found that it tended to be more positive than negative(消极的), but that didn’t necessarily mean people preferred positive news. Was positive news shared more often simply because people experienced more good things than bad things? To test for that possibility, Dr. Berger looked at how people spread a particular set
of news stories: thousands of articles on The New York Times’ website. He and a Penn colleague analyzed the ＂most e-mailed＂ list for six months. One of his first findings was that articles in the science section were much more likely to make the list than non-science articles. He found that science amazed Times’ readers and made them want to share this positive feeling with others.
Readers also tended to share articles that were exciting or funny, or that inspired negative feelings like anger or anxiety, but not articles that left them merely sad. They needed to be aroused(激发) one way or the other, and they preferred good news to bad. The more positive an article, the more likely it was to be shared, as Dr. Berger explains in his new book, ＂Contagious: Why Things Catch On.＂
25. What canbea suitable title forthetext?
A. Sad Stories Travel Far and Wide．
B .OnlineNewsAttractsMorePeople．
C. Reading Habits Change with the Times．
D. Good News Beats Bad on Social Networks．
【文章大意】人们常说＂没有消息就是最好的消息＂，类似的传统说法只适合于大众媒体。

在网络普及的时代，好消息在网络上的传播速度比坏消息要快很多。

【答案】D
2. 主题句出现在文尾
在细节后，归纳要点、印象、结论、建议或结果，以概括主题。

这是英语中最常见的归纳法写作方式，即细节表述的句子在前，概括性的句子居后，主题句则常位于末段。

The famous American gorilla(大猩猩) expert Diane Fossey had a completely new way to study gorillas — she pretended to be one of them. She copied their actions and way of life —eating plants and getting down on her hands and knees to walk the way a gorilla does. It was a new relationship.
Diane Fossey was murdered in Rwanda in 1985 and her story was made into the popular film Gorillas in the Mist. It was a long way from King Kong, which is about a gorilla
as a monster (a frightening animal), and helped to show a new idea: the real monster is man, while the gorilla is to be admired.
Today there are thought to be around 48,000 lowland gorillas and maybe 400—450 mountain gorillas in the wild. From the Congo in West Africa, to Rwanda and Uganda further east, they are endangered by hunting and by the cutting down of their forest homes.
Some time ago, I found in my letterbox a little magazine from the World Wide Fund for Nature. It had two photos side by side. One was of a young gorilla. “This is a species of mammal(哺乳类动物),” said the words below it. “It is being destroyed by man. We mu st save it for our own good.” The other photo showed a human baby. The words also read, “This is a species of mammal,” but then went on: “It is the most destructive(破坏性的) on earth. We must retrain it for its own good.”
56.The text mainly talks about _____.
A. Diane Fossey
B. the gorillas in Rwanda
C. the protection of the gorillas
D. the film Gorillas in the Mist
【答案】C
3. 首尾呼应的写作方法
为突出主题，作者先提出主题，结尾时再次点出主题，这种首尾呼应的写作方式也较为多见。

通常，前后表述主题的句子不是简单的重复，后面的往往有进一步的引申或发展的意味。

Lacrosse (曲棍球) is a popular sport in Canada. The Indians in Canada invented it. They used it to train for war. They invented this game before Columbus arrived in the New World.
People play lacrosse outdoors. The lacrosse field is seven meters long. At each end of the field there is a goal. The goal is a net. There are ten players on each team. Each player has a stick called “ cross”. The player hit a ball into the net as many times as possible. Lacrosse is a very fast game because the players can catch and pass the ball at a high speed with their sticks. Players often get great fun it playing lacrosse.
There are many lacrosse clubs and lacrosse teams all over Canada. Every night Canadians can watch the lacrosse games on TV or listen to the lacrosse games over the radio.
At one time lacrosse was the national summer sport in Canada. Today it is still popular with Canadians.
1.The passage is mainly about ___________.
A. How to Play Lacrosse
B. Lacrosse in Canada
C. The History of Lacrosse
D. Lacrosse—A Popular Game in Canada
【答案】D
4. 中心主题隐含在全文之中，没有明确的主题句
阅读这样的文章，就要求考生根据文章的细节来分析，概括出段落的主题，从而推导出文章的主旨。

分析的方法是，先弄清该段落主要讲了哪几个方面的内容，这些内容在逻辑上有什么联系，然后加以归纳形成主题。

该类型的试题则迎刃而解。

Handshaking, though a European practice is often seen in big cities of China. Nobody knows exactly when the practice started in Europe. It is said that long long ago in Europe when people met, they showed their unarmed (无武器的) hands to each other as a sign of goodwill. As time went on and trade in cities grew rapidly, people in cities began to clap each other’s hands to make a deal or to reach an agreement. This practice was later changed into shaking hands among friends on meeting or leaving each other. “Let’s shake (hands) on it” sometimes means agreement reached.
Do the Europeans shake hands wherever they go and with whomever they meet? No. Sometimes the Chinese abroad reach out their hands too often to be polite. It is really very impolite to give your hand when the other party, especially when it is a woman, shows little interest in shaking hands with you and when the meeting does not mean anything to him or-her. Even if, for politeness, he holds out his unwilling hand in answer
to your uninvited hand, just touch it slightly. There is generally a misunderstanding (误解) among the Chinese that westerners are usually open and straightforward, while the Chinese are rather reserved (保守的) in manner. But in fact some people in western countries more reserved than some Chinese today. So it is a good idea to shake hands with a westerner only when he shows interest in further relations with you.
65. The first paragraph mainly tells us ______.
A. where handshaking was first practised
B. how handshaking came about
C. about the relationship between handshaking and trade
D. about the practice of handshaking both in Europe and in China
【答案】B
67. The main purpose of the text is ______.
A. to tell us some differences between the East and the West
B. to offer us some important facts about handshaking
C. to introduce us to some different customs in the West
D. to give us some advice before we travel abroad
【答案】B
【解析】主旨大意题。

本文没有明确主题句，中心主题隐含在全文之中。

根据全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了握手的一些具体情况。

4. 主题句出现在文章的中间
通常前面只提出问题，文中的主题由随之陈述的细节或合乎逻辑的引申在文中导出，而后又作进一步的解释、支撑或发展。

The Sahara Festival is a celebration of the very recent past. The three-day event is not fixed to the same dates each year, but generally takes place in November or December. It is well attended by tourists, but even better attended by locals.
During the opening ceremonies, after the official greetings from the government
leaders, people who attend the festival begin to march smartly before the viewing stands, and white camels transport their riders across the sands. Horsemen from different nations display their beautiful clothes and their fine horsemanship. One following another, groups of musicians and dancers from all over the Sahara take their turn to show off their wonderful traditional culture. Groups of men in blue and yellow play horns and beat drums as they dance in different designs. On their knees in the sand, a group of women in long dark dresses dance with their hair: their long, dark, shiny hair is thrown back and forth in the wind to the rhythm of their dance.
…
67. This passage mainly tells readers_______.
A. what happens on the opening day of the Sahara Festival
B. how people celebrate during the three-day Sahara Festival
C. what takes place at the closing ceremonies of the Sahara Festival
D. how animals race on the first and the last days of the Sahara Festival 【答案】A
怎样给阅读文章整体加注标题
——高度概括法
对文章主旨大意的考察，不仅可以直接以理解段落及文章的主旨大意的形式出现，而且也可以用选择或拟定文章标题的形式出现。

因此，选择文章标题，首先可以按照主旨大意的确定方式，先弄清文章的主旨大意，再定标题。

标题位于文章之首，用来高度概括文章内容，点明文章主题。

它是段落中心思想最精练的表达形式。

标题可帮助读者迅速推测出整篇文章的主要内容，抓住文章的中心，把握作者的观点和意图。

那么如何选择文章的标题呢？
首先，要考虑标题对文章的概括性或覆盖面如何。

一般要求能覆盖全文内容，体
现文章主旨。

要避免下列三种情况：①概括不够（多表现为部分代整体，从而导致范围太小）；
②过度概括（多表现为脱离本文章内容的发挥）；③以事实、细节替代抽象具体的大意。

其次，要考虑标题的针对性，即标题范围要恰当，针对性强。

要在阅读原文的基础上，仔细考虑所选标题与文章主题是否有密切的关系。

既不能太大，也不能太小，太大则中心就不突出，太小也发挥不了应起的作用；精确度高，不能随意改变语言的表意程度及色彩。

它可以是单词、短语，也可以是句子。

再次要注意标题的醒目性，标题的选择要简洁、突出、新颖，标题是文章的点睛之笔，是文章的灵魂和门面。

标题的好坏往往影响了文章的可读性，读者常常从标题上决定文章的阅读取舍。

故标题一般比较醒目，甚至比较离奇，以此来吸引读者对文章的兴趣。

最后要注意，要恰当地选好标题，还需要了解标题的基本拟定方法。

一般说来，拟定标题是以话题为核心，与控制性概念的词按一定的语法浓缩为概括主题句或中心思想的词组。

比如某一文章的中心句为：CHINA issued the first set of stamps depicting the top 128 Chinese family names on Thursday Nov. 18th 2004 in Beijing.
话题：Stamps
控制性概念：CHINA issued the first set of stamps depicting the top 128 Chinese family names
标题：China issued 1st set of stamps on family names
(豫南九校2016—2017学年高三第三次联考) August 8, was Earth Overshoot Day. Calculated annually by the environmental advocacy(支持，拥护) group, Global Footprint Network (GFN), it is the day when human has consumed all the natural resources —produce, meat, fish, water, and wood — that our planet can regenerate(再生) in a single year. This means that for the rest of 2016, we will be using natural resources that are impossible to replace.
For those that are a little confused, it is similar to spending your entire year’s allowance by August and then borrowing money from friends, knowing fully well that you cannot repay the loan. GFN says that the same thing happens in the case of the Earth.
The date of Earth Overshoot Day varies each year. In an ideal, fully sustainable world, we should only spend what we have. This means that Earth Overshoot Day would fall
on December 31, or perhaps even spill into the following year, indicating that we are saving some resources for a rainy day. That did happen in 1961, when we only consumed three-quarters of what the planet produced.
Unfortunately, the day has been going up rapidly since 2014 when it fell on August 19. In 2015, it was August 13, and this year, the earliest so far — August 8! The only way to sustain this demand would be to have 1.6 earths, which as we all know, is not possible.
Fortunately, experts say that the situation is not as grim as it sounds. Many countries are already taking steps to reduce carbon emissions, which accounts for 60% of our ecological footprint, by switching to solar or wind-generated power.
Individuals can also help by eating less meat, walking, biking, or taking public transportation, as well as adopting the three R’s: Reduce, Reuse, and Recycle. If we all work together, we can help push back Earth Overshoot Day to December 31, or even beyond!
27. What is the best title for the passage?
A. A Warning: Earth Overshoot Day
B. A Celebration: Earth Overshoot Day
C. A Reminder: Reduce, Reuse, and Recycle
D. An Advertisement: Global Footprint Network
【文章大意】本文是一篇环保类说明文。

文章介绍了Earth Overshoot Day。

今年在八月八号我们就已经消耗掉今年全年的可再生资源，接着又介绍了Earth Overshoot Day的计算方法。

通过介绍Earth Overshoot Day，作者呼吁人们减少资源浪费。

【答案】 A
主旨大意题主要考查考生对文章主旨大意的概括和归纳能力。

主要有主题型和标题型两类，
题干中一般有 main idea, topic, title, mainly about 等字眼。

1、快速解题法此类题的阅读文章多属于议论文和说明文，其结构特点常表现为：提出问题——论述问题——得出结论或阐明观点。

考生对这一结构的掌握，有助于迅速掌握文章的主题，把握文章的脉络，从而快捷而准确地抓住文章或段落的中心思想。

解答此类题目的关键在于迅速抓住阅读文章的主题句。

考生只要找准了主题句，对于阅读理解中的主旨大意题就迎刃而解了。

主题句的显著特点：主题句所表达的意思具有明显的概括性；句子结构简单精练；文章或段落中的其他句子都是对主题句的进一步解释、说明、论证或扩展。

主题句的五种位置：①文首；②文尾；③首尾呼应；④文中；⑤没有主题句。

主题句的确定方法：用浏览法（skimming），即只需选读文首、文尾，或每段的首句和尾句等，重点搜索主题线索和主题信息。

2、辨认主旨小窍门①段落中出现转折时，该句很可能是主题句。

②作者有意识地反复重复的观点通常是主旨。

③首段出现疑问句时，对该问题的解答可能就是文章主旨。

④提出文章主旨时常伴有的文字提示：therefore, thus, but, however, in short 等。

3、答题基本步骤①阅读文章开头几句和最后几句，以便获得有关主题和中心思想的信息。

②浏览文章的其余部分，寻找能支撑和论证主题、中心思想的关键词。

③仔细推敲各个选项，排除有明显错误或无关信息的选项，从而选出最佳答案。

4、推敲正误小窍门①正确选项常含有抽象名词或概括性词语。

②正确选项一般不出现细节信息，不含过分肯定或绝对意义的词。

③那些概括全文、内容全面、含义深刻、说明道理的选项一般是正确答案。

④四个选项中，内容相近或完全相反的两个选项中往往有一个是正确答案。

⑤干扰项特点：细节信息明显，内容片面，以偏概全，只含局部信息，或是一句没有展开论述的话，概括范围太宽或太窄，或是此选项没有具体的内容。

Passage1(2018届黑龙江省齐齐哈尔市高三模拟)
Taking on the task of producing a short movie might seem like an impossible feat, but if you can assemble a good team and if you break down each stage of production into small blocks of tasks, you’ll come to realize that producing a small-scale movie isn’t too bad. Just follow these steps and you’ll be on your way to Kevin Smith-like fame in no time.
Assemble a production crew. If you run out of friends or people you can get to work
for screen credit, offer people “points”, which is a percentage of the movie profits.
Get a director of photography. You need someone who knows a lot about films cameras to make the movie come out right. Local film schools are the best place to find them。

Assemble the props and costumes. Costume shops and local theater groups can definitely help you here. But you can also borrow from friends and family or check out thrift stores for bargains.
Choose filming locations. Make sure you have permission from the owners of the property you choose to film on.
Get the film processed. Find the right processor with the help of your director of photography. You may need to send the film to Los Angeles for this.
Edit the film, You need to find someone who can transfer your film to video and arrange the completed scenes in the right order. You can likely find one in the same place as your director of photography,
Obviously, this is just a basic overview—the thing about producing a short independent movie is that the whole process is unpredictable. You can only set yourself up for the basics, but as long as you know things will go wrong every day, at least you’ll be prepared to deal with the difficulties.
1.What can we know about directors of photography?
A.They must be from film schools.
B.They know everything about films.
C.They can send films to Los Angeles.
D.They can help get the right processor.
2.Where can you most probably find a person to edit the film?
A.Los Angeles.
B.Costume shops.
C.Local film schools.
D. Local theaters.
3.What does the author agree with?
A.All the process of film-making is quite controllable,
B.We should make full preparations before film-making.
C.Producing an independent movie is an impossible task,
D.Following the steps, you must become a famous director,
4.What may be the best title for the text?
A.How to be a good director
B.How to produce a short film
C.Secrets of being a successful director
D.Methods of making your film a hit
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。

主要介绍成功制作小型电影的措施和步骤。

3.B 【解析】推理判读题。

根据最后一段倒数第一句“You can only set yourself up for the
basics, but as long as you know things will go wrong every day, at least you’ll be prepared to deal with the difficulties.”可知，作者认为拍电影之前要做好基本的准备，才能应对遇到的困难。

故选B。

4.B 【解析】标题判断题。

总管全文可知，本文主要介绍了成功拍摄小电影的有效措施和具体
步骤。

故B项“如何制作小电影”为最佳标题。

故选B。

Passage2（2018届山东省菏泽市高三第一次模拟考试) It’s easy to think that the globe’s vast oceans would be effective barriers to the movement of land animals. An elephant can’t swim across the Pacific, after all But it turns out that plenty of plants and animals have unintentionally floated across oceans from one continent to another. Now comes evidence that tiny, trapdoor (活板门) spiders made such a journey millions of years ago.
Moggridgea rainbowi spiders can be found on Kangaroo Island, which sits off the south coast of Australia. These spiders build a silk-lined burrow (地洞) in the ground, notes Sophie Harrison, a biologist in Australia. The burrow and trapdoor provide these spiders with shelter and protection. It also provides them an out-of-sight spot from which to wait for approaching preys (猎物).
There is evidence, though, that the ancestors of them might have traveled millions of meters to get to Australia—from Africa. That isn’t as unlikely as it might at first seem. Australia used to be connected to other continents, long ago, as part of a supercontinent called Gondwana. And humans have been known to transport species (物
种) all over the planet. But there’s a third option. The spiders might have rafted (乘筏) long distances across the sea.
To figure out which story was most likely true, Harrison and her colleagues looked at the spider’s genes. They looked at the genes in seven Moggridgea rainbowi spiders from Kangaroo, and five species of Moggridgea spiders from South Africa. The Australian and African spiders split off from a common ancestor some 2 million to 16 million years ago, the genes showed.
If a large swatch (块) of land washes into the sea, filled with arachnids (蛛形纲动物), the spiders may be able to hide themselves throughout the journey. Plus, they can “hold their breath” and survive on stored oxygen during periods of temporary flooding, the researchers note.
1.What is the common belief about land animals according to the text?
A.They are sensitive to natural disasters.
B.They are unlikely to move across oceans.
C.They can’t make a long ocean voyage.
D.They float across oceans accidentally.
2.What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A.Biologists.
B.Australians.
C.The spiders.
D.The preys.
3.How did the researchers conclude Australian and African spiders are from a common ancestor?
A.By comparing their genes.
B.By observing their living habits.
C.By making changes to their genes.
D.By studying their physical characteristics.
4.What could be the best title for the text?
A.These Spiders Traveled Globally to Hide Themselves
B.These Spiders Became More Adaptive When Traveling
C.These Spiders Crossed an Ocean to Australia for Survival
D.These Spiders Crossed an Ocean to Become Australians
【文章大意】本文主要介绍了研究发现几百万年前，蜘蛛就从非洲漂洋过海来到澳洲。

3.A 【解析】细节理解题。

根据第四段中的“To figure out which story was most likely true,
Harrison and her colleagues looked at the spider’s genes.”可知，科学家通过基因对比得知澳洲蜘蛛和非洲蜘蛛起源于同一个祖先。

4.D 【解析】主旨大意题。

根据文章内容，特别是第一段中的“But it turns out that plenty
of plants and animals have unintentionally floated across oceans from one continent to another.”可知，本文主要介绍了几百万年前，蜘蛛就从非洲漂洋过海来到澳洲。

Passage 3(2018届河北省唐山市高三上学期期末考试) After Stewart and Debbie Wilder lost their son, Cameron, in 2013, the last thing on their minds was deco rating for the holiday season. “We haven’t put anything up in three years. It has all stayed boxed up,” said Debbie.
But in December 2016, the house was lit up for Christmas, with little lights cheerfully lining the rood and eaves(屋檐). It wasn’t the Wilder s but a stranger Carson Zickgraf, the founder of CZ Enterprises LLC, who finally made the house shine. “I started crying,” Debbie says about seeing the lights for the first time. “It was really special.”
Zickgraf has been donating his light-stringing services to brighten the lives of families affected by losing their children, especially during the difficult holiday season since 2015 and has decorated the houses of more than two dozen families so far.
He started the project by chance. He was hanging lights on a home when the owner mentioned that some neighbors were having a hard time that holiday season because their son had recently died. Then he had an idea. “I sent my crew there to decorate that house too,” he says. The family was delighted. In fact, he h ad two friends who had died young, and he’d always wished he could ease the pain for their loved ones. Now, he’s found a way.
“There’s something special about Christmas lights. They warm the spirit.” Zickgraf knows his efforts can’t completely remove the p ain from these families, but
he can make the holidays a little cheerier. “I wish I had a bigger company so I could do more houses,” he says.
1.How was the Wilders affected by the loss of their son?
A.They didn’t feel like decorating their house for Christm as.
B.They were the last to put up some decorations at Christmas.
C.They had no one to help decorate their house for Christmas.
D.They had the belongings of their son boxed up at Christmas.
2.Why did Zickgraf donate the light-stringing service?
A.To make more houses brighter.
B.To expand his own business.
C.To relieve the victim family’s pain.
D.To memorize his dead friends.
3.Which of the following words can best describe Zickgraf?
A.Enthusiastic and optimistic.
B.Courageous and smart.
C.Ambitious and generous.
D.Considerate and helpful.
4.Which can be the best title for the text?
A.Lights warming the spirit
B.A person brightening houses
C.Families going through sufferings
D.A business hanging lights
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了Zickgraf免费为失去孩子的家庭在节日期间装饰房子，他想用灯光点亮他们的生活，减轻他们的丧子之痛。

1.A 【解析】细节理解题。

根据第一段中的“After Stewart and Debbie Wilder lost their son,
Cameron, in 2013, the last thing on their minds was decorating for the holiday season.”可知，失去儿子后，Wilder夫妇就不再装饰圣诞节了。

4.A 【解析】主旨大意题。

通读全文，特别是根据最后一段中的“There’s something specia l
about Christmas lights. They warm the spirit”可知，本文主要讲述了Zickgraf免费为失去孩子的家庭在节日期间装饰房子，他想用灯光点亮他们的生活，减轻他们的丧子之痛。

Passage4(2018届河南省洛阳市高三联考)
I look around and can’t recognize where I am. It seems familiar but distant. I see
my friends gathered by a stage where music is playing and I run over. As I begin running towards them, they become further and further away. I keep calling for them, but no one hears me. I start hearing a distant alarm-like sound and I am transported away. I woke up in a daze (茫然) sitting in my bed.
“Oh, it was only a dream,” I said to myself. I have always had vivid and intense dreams. Sometimes, it feels like I haven’t even slept because I have been living out my dreams during my sleep.
Today, dreaming is being studied even more than ever. Some say that dreams are how your receptors (受体) make sense of random thoughts while you sleep. Some say that you can’t dream of a face you have never seen before, so everyone you see in your dreams you have at least laid eyes on at one time or another.
Other people think dreams are ways of expressing stress or internal feelings you may be experiencing. A lot of people say that they have dreams about being chased (追逐).
A common interpretation of the “being chased” dream is that you are feeling threatened. Some dream interpretation sites say you should try to reflect on what or who is chasing you to get a better idea of what is making you feel this way.
Another dream that is often experienced is flying. This dream has a much more positive interpretation, which is that you are feeling free or have broken out of a bad situation such as a relationship turned sour or a job you hate.
Unfortunately, if you even remember your dreams at all, you forget half of your dream within five minutes of waking up and within 10 minutes, you usually forget 90 percent of it.
Dreamologists, people who devote time to the study and interpretation of dreams, suggest if you want to try to remember and study your dreams you should keep a journal beside your bed and jot down what you dreamt as soon as you wake up so you can reflect on it later.
1.Dreams of “being chased” occur because ________.
A.you are feeling threatened
B.you just quit a job you hate
C.your friends are far away from you when in need
D.your receptors is always thinking while you sleep
2.Why should we keep a journal beside your bed to reflect on dreams?
A.We need to chase those people who appeared in our dreams.
B.We usually forget 90 percent of dreams within 10 minutes.
C.It can help us get out of the intense dreams.
D.It can help us sleep well without dreams.
3.Where can we read this article?
A.In a poster.
B.In a physics book.
C.In a traveling magazine.
D.In a science newspaper.
4.What is the best title for the passage?
A.Why am I Always Dreaming
B.How Is My Dream Created
C.What do My Dreams Mean
D.How to Avoid Dreams
【文章大意】本文是一篇科技类说明文。

主要讲述了梦境与现实之间的联系，并诠释了各种不同的梦境的意义。

3.D 【解析】推理判断题。

纵观全文可知，文章抓哟讲述各种梦境与现实的联系，因此推断文章
最有可能出现在科学类报纸上。

故选D。

4.C 【解析】标题判断题。

文章主要讲述了梦境与现实之间的联系，并诠释了各种不同的梦境的
意义。

因此推断C项“我们的梦意味着什么”为最佳标题。

故选C。

Passage 1
Winston Churchill is probably the most popular British prime minister ever. Having served as a soldier and politician, he is often considered among the greatest of Britons. While his heroic stand against the Nazis is well know, there are still a few facts about the popular politician that might surprise you.
His Cigars
The classic image of Winston Churchill includes a giant cigar stuck between his lips. Churchill developed his love of cigars as a young man, when he traveled to Cuba. For the rest of his life, he smoked eight or nine cigars every day. However, he almost never took a puff(吸，抽), preferring to chew on the end until it went out, then relight it and start again. To prevent the cigar becoming soggy (湿软的), Churchill invented the ＂bellybando＂, a strip of brown paper which could be glued around the end.
At any given time, Churchill had 3,000 to 4,000 cigars in his house, mostly his favorite Romeo & Juliet brand. On one occasion, the president of Cuba presented Churchill with 2,400 top-quality cigars, although his security team insisted one cigar from each box be sent off and tested for poison. Perhaps the story that best shows his love of cigars occurred during World War II, when he had a special oxygen mask designed so that he could still smoke his cigar on a high-altitude flight.
His Black Dog
Throughout his life, Churchill probably suffered from depression, which he called his ＂black dog＂. At times, his depression was so severe that he didn’t like standing close to a passing train or looking at the ocean from a ship because he feared that he would commit suicide.
When he was depressed, Churchill would almost spend a great deal of time in bed and lose his ability to concentrate. However, when not depressed, Churchill was full of energy, usually working and talking until the early hours of the morning. He often described how ＂all the colors come back into the picture＂.
1. Why did Churchill’s security team insist on checking the cigars?
A.To test if they were safe for Churchill.
B.To see if they were of the best quality.
C.To make sure they were Churchill’s favorite.
D.To guarantee they were not out of date.
2. Which of the following best shows Churchill’s love of cigars?
A.He fell in love with cigars at a young age.
B.He smoked many cigars every day.。