高考英语阅读理解冲刺训练Day 101

高考英语阅读理解冲刺训练Day 101
Passage 1
Given that many people's moods(are regulated by the chemical action of chocolate,it wasprobably only a matter of time before somebody made the chocolate shop similar to a drugstoreof Chinese medicine.Looking like a setting from the film Charlie&the Chocolate Factory,Singapore's Chocolate Research Facility(CRF) has over 100 varieties of chocolates.its founderis Chris Lee who grew up at his parents' comer store with one hand almost always in the jar ofsweets.
If the CRF seems to be a smart idea,that's because Lee is not merely a seasonedsalesperson but also head of a marketing department that has business relations with bignames such as Levi's and Sony.That idea surely results in the imagination at work when itcomes to making different flavored(味道)chocolates.
The CRF's produce is "green".made within the country and divided into 10 lines,with theAlcohol Series being the most popular.The Exotic Series—with Sichuan pepper,red bean(豆).cheese and other flavors一also does well and is fun to taste.And for chocolate snobs,whothink that they have a better knowledge of chocolate than others,the Connoisseur Series usescocoa beans from Togo,Cuba,Venezuela,and Ghana,among others.
1. What is good about chocolate?________
A. It serves as a suitable gift.
B. It works as an effective medicine.
C. It helps improve the state of mind.
D. It strengthens business relations.
2. Why is Chris Lee able to develop his idea of the CRF?________
A. He knows the importance of research.
B. He learns form shops of similar types.
C. He has the support of many big names
D. He has a lot of marketing experience.
3. Which line of the CRF produce sells best?________
A. The Connoisseur Series.
B. The Exotic Series.
C. The Alcohol Series.
D. The Sichuan Series.
4. The words "chocolate snobs" in Paragraph 3 probably refer to people who ________ .
A. are particular about chocolate
B. know little about cocoa beans
C. look down upon others
D. like to try new flavors
Passage 2
The death of languages is not a new phenomenon. Languages usually have a relatively short life span as well as a very high death rate. Only a few, including Egyptian, Chinese, Greek, Latin, have lasted more than 2,000 years.
What is new, however, is the speed at which they are dying out. Europe’s colonial conquests caused a sharp decline in linguistic diversity, eliminating at least 15 percent of all languages spoken at the time. Over the last 300 years, Europe has lost a dozen,
and Australia has only 20 left of the 250 spoken at the end of the 18th century.
The rise of nation-states has also been decisive in selecting and consolidating national languages and sidelining others. By making great efforts to establish an official language in education, the media and the civil service, national governments have deliberately tried to eliminate minority languages.
This process of linguistic standardization has been boosted by industrialization and scientific progress, which have imposed new methods of communication that are swift, straightforward and practical. Language diversity came to be seen as an obstacle to trade and the spread of knowledge. Monolingualism became an ideal.
More recently, the internationalization of financial markets, the spread of information by electronic media and other aspects of globalization have intensified the threat to “small” languages. A language not on the Internet is a language that “no longer exists” in the modern world. It is out of the game.
The serious effects of the death of languages are evident. First of all, it is possible that if we all ended up speaking the same language, our brains would lose some of their natural capacity for linguistic inventiveness. We would never be able to figure out the origins of human language or resolve the mystery of “the first language”. As each language dies, a chapter of human history closes.
Multilingualism is the most accurate reflection of multiculturalism. The destruction of the first will inevitably lead to the loss of the second. Imposing a language without any links to a people’s culture and way of life stifles the expression of their collective genius. A language is not only used for the main instrument of human
communication. It also expresses the world vision of those who speak it, their imagination and their ways of using knowledge. To safeguard languages is an urgent matter.
1. Which of the following does not contribute to the death of languages?________
A. Colonial conquests of Europe.
B. The boom of human population.
C. Advances in science and industrialization.
D. The rise of nation-states.
2. What does the underlined word “stifles” in Paragraph 7 probably mean?________
A. boosts
B. fuels
C. imposes
D. kills
3. The serious effects of the death of languages include all except that________ .
A. people would fail to understand how languages originated.
B. language diversity would become an obstacle to globalization.
C. monolingualism would lead to the loss of multiculturalism.
D. human brains would become less creative linguistically.
4. What is the author’s purpose of writing this passage?________
A. To explain the reasons why languages are dying out.
B. To warn people of the negative aspects of globalization.
C. To call people’s attention to the urgency of language preservation.
D. To argue how important it is for people to speak more languages.
Passage 3
Whatever holiday you celebrate, one thing’s for sure — you’ll find events for children on Long Island throughout the month of December. From holiday performances to crafts, gingerbread houses, light shows, Santa breakfasts and more, here are some of our favorites.
Animated story and Santa at Hicks Nurseries
Santa will be at Hicks Nurseries (100 Jericho Tpke, Westbury) from Nov. 23—Dec. 23, so bring a camera for photos (no fee). Kids can also mail their letters to Santa at the North Pole Mailbox and Santa will answer them (last day for letter mailing is Dec. 17;
a self-addressed, stamped envelope must be included to receive a reply). On weekends, (Nov. 23—Dec. 16) there will be live music with a brass band from noon—4 p. m. Price: Free.
Grinch-inspired events
The 2018 version of "The Grinch" hit the big screen this month, and the popular Dr. Seuss character is inspiring family-friendly events across Long Island. Click here to view where The Grinch will be making an appearance this season, and more fun holiday happenings in Nassau and Suffolk. The events take place Dec. 15, 16 and 22. Bayville Winter Wonderland
During the holiday season, Bayville Adventure Park (8 Bayville Ave. ) turns into a Winter Wonderland. Families can visit Santa’s Toy Factory Funhouse, watch Captain Bay’s "Yo-Ho-Holiday" light show, ride the Holiday Express train and check out the ice skating rink, among other attractions. The Winter Wonderland runs from Nov. 23
through Jan. 1 on Friday—Sunday (also open Dec. 26—27 and 31); kids can meet Santa daily.
Long Island Festival of Trees
The 28th annual Long Island Festival of Trees takes place at Cradle of Aviation Museum (Charles Lindbergh Blvd, Garden City) features display of designer decorated trees, gingerbread creations, cookie decorating, costumed characters and vendors from 10 a. m. —6 p. m. Nov. 24—25 and 10 a. m. —5 p. m. Nov. 26. Price: $15, $10 children ages 2 to 12, free ages 1 and younger.
1. At which event will the visitors enjoy the live music on weekends?
A. The Grinch.
B. Bayville Winter Wonderland.
C. Long Island Festival of Trees.
D. Animated story and Santa at Hicks Nurseries.
2. What can visitors do at Bayville Winter Wonderland?
A. Driving a train.
B. Going on rides.
C. Watching a talk show.
D. Experiencing traditional crafts.
3. How much will a parent with two 4-year-old girls pay to visit the Festival of Trees?
A. $ 50.
B. $ 54.
C. $ 35.
D. $ 34.
Passage 4
Stanford University has begun an investigation following claims that some of its staff knew long ago of Chinese scientist He Jiankui’s plans to create the world’s first
gene-edited babies.
A university official said a review was under way of interactions some faculty members had with He. who was educated at Stanford. Several professors including He’s former research adviser have said that they knew or strongly suspected that He wanted to try gene editing on embryos (胚胎).
The Chinese genetic scientist posted a video on You Tube in November 2018. He claimed in the video that he had used a gene-editing tool Crispr-Cas9 to modify (修改) a particular gene in two embryos before they were placed in their mother’s womb (子宫). He, who works in a lab in the southern Chinese city of Shenzhen, said the twin girls, known as Lulu and Nana, were born using an egg that was modified. He focused on HIV infection prevention because the father is HIV positive. “Now the father has a reason to live, a reason to work, he has a purpose,” He said.
Editing the genes of embryos, which can change other genes, is banned in many countries because DNA changes are passed to future generations and could have unforeseen effects on the entire gene pool.
China’s national health commission ordered officials to “seriously investigate” He’s claims. Shenzhen’s health and family planning commission said it was investigating the review process around He’ s work.
Research institutions connected to He have distanced themselves from him. “This research work was carried out by Professor He Jiankui outside of the school,” said the Southern University of Science and Technology in Shenzhen. It called his research a “serious violation of academic ethics (道德)”.
1. What did He Jiankui claim in the video posted on You Tube?
A. He was wrong in trying gene editing on embryos.
B. He prevented the twins from developing cancer.
C. He modified a gene in Lulu and Nana’s embryos.
D. He was influenced by his research adviser in Stanford.
2. Why is gene editing of embryos banned in many countries?
A. The effect of DNA changes on the gene pool is unforeseeable.
B. It causes disabilities to the gene-edited babies.
C. The future generations will rely on gene editing.
D. It will affect all the healthy genes of the embryos.
3. How did the university in Shenzhen react to He’s video claim?
A. It ordered investigations to be conducted.
B. It called the incident a big shame for the nation.
C. It declared not related to He’s research.
D. It kept a distance from the media.
4. Which can be a suitable title for the text?
A. The USA Bans Gene-editing
B. What are the Ethics of Medical Treatment?
C. Scientists Find the Idea of Gene-edited Babies Crazy
D. Stanford Investigates Links to Scientist in Gene Editing
Passage 5
The name “rhino” calls up the image of a prehistoric beast, a huge creature with armor(盔甲) skin. This image is not surprising, since these intelligent and affectionate creatures have inhabited the Earth for 60 million years.
An extinct species of rhino that lived in Mongolia, was the largest land mammal of all time. This hornless rhinoceros stood 18 feet at the shoulder, was 27 feet long, and probably weighed 25 tons, four times as much as today’s African bull elephant. This species probably died out because of climate change.
The rhino may be the source of the belief in unicorns（独角兽）, legendary animals whose horn was said to be a wonder drug for all types of diseases. In 1298, the Venetian explorer Marco Polo described Sumatran rhinos as unicorns saying:
“There are wild elephants in the country, and numerous unicorns, which are very nearly as big. They have hair like that of a buffalo, feet like those of an elephant, and a horn in the middle of the forehead, which is black and very thick. ”
Today, all five species of rhinos are close to extinction. The rate of their decline is truly astonishing: in the decade of the 1970s alone, half the world’s rhino population disappeared. Today, less than 15 per cent of the 1970 population remains, an estimated 10,000 to 11,000 worldwide.
The Javan and Sumatran rhinos are near extinction. Indian rhinos may be coming
back from the brink(边缘). Of the two African species, the white rhino has rebounded （回弹）from near extinction. (Contrary to its name, the white rhino is not really white. Its name is a mistaken translation of the Dutch word “wijde”, which means “wide” and refers to the rhino’s broad, square lips. )
The black rhino has not been so lucky. As recently as 1970, an estimated 65,000 black rhinos could be found throughout sub-Saharan Africa. But in eastern Africa, 90 percent of them were killed in the 1970s. Now there are fewer than 2,500 left in Zimbabwe, South Africa, Kenya, Namibia, and Tanzania.
1. Why is the Venetian explorer Marco Polo’s saying mentioned?
A. To show people that Sumatran rhinos are unicorns.
B. To tell readers that wild elephants are as big as unicorns.
C. To prove the wonderful effect of the horn of the rhino.
D. To describe what Sumatran rhinos were like then.
2. According to the 5th paragraph, how many rhinos were there in 1970?
A. 10,000 to 11,000.
B. More than 11,000.
C. At least nearly 67,000.
D. At least 73,000.
3. About the black rhino and the white rhino, we can safely say ____________.
A. both are endangered to the same degree
B. the white rhino has white hair all over the body
C. there are more black rhinos left now
D. the black rhino is in danger of dying out now
参考答案
Passage 1
1. C细节理解题。

根据第一句"Given that many people's moods(情绪) are regulated by the chemical alate"可知，作者假设的是巧克力能够调节人们的情绪。

故选C
2. D细节理解题。

根据"Lee is not merely a seasoned salesperson but also head of a marketing department"可知，Lee 是市场推广部门的头头，Lee 能够成功，主要是因为他有着丰富的市场推广经验。

故选D
3. C细节理解题。

根据第二段第一行的"with the Alcohol Series being the most popular"可知，卖得最好的是The Alcohol Series。

故选C
4. A猜测词义题。

snob 势利小人，chocolate snobs 指对巧克力很挑剔的人。

故选A
Passage 2
1. B细节理解题。

考查获取事实性信息能力。

通过题干信息定位到第二至四段前两句，排除ACD。

2. D词义猜测题。

通过题干信息“in Paragraph 7”可定位到原文第七段的“The destruction of the first will inevitably lead to the loss of the second”,选项D中的kill 与原文的lead to the loss为同义。

3. B细节理解题。

考查获取事实性信息能力。

通过题干信息“serious effects of the death of languages”可定位到原文倒数第二段，通过仔细阅读排除ACD。

4. C主旨大意题。

由尾句To safeguard languages is an urgent matter可知，C为正确选项。

Passage 3
1. D 细节理解题。

根据第二段中的" On weekends, (Nov. 23—Dec. 16) there will be live music with a brass band from noon—4 p. m. "可知，在Animated story and Santa at Hicks Nurseries游客能在周末欣赏现场音乐,故D项正确。

2. B 细节理解题。

根据第四段中的"ride the Holiday Express train"可知，在Bayville Winter Wonderland活动中，人们能够乘坐游乐设施——假日特快列车，故B项正确。

3. C 细节理解题。

根据最后一段中的"Price: $15, $10 children ages 2 to 12, free ages 1 and younger. "可知，一个大人和两个4岁的孩子要付35（15+10×2）美元的票价，故C项正确。

Passage 4
1. C 细节理解题。

根据第三段第二句“He claimed in the video that he had used
a gene-editing tool Crispr-Cas9 to modify (修改) a particular gene in two embryos before they were placed in their mother’s wom
b (子宫). ”可知He Jiankui在视频中声称，他使用基因编辑工具在两个胚胎植入母亲子宫之前，修改了它们的一个特定基因。

根据下文可知两个胚胎就是Lulu和Nana，故可知他在露露和娜娜的胚胎中修改了一个基因。

故选C。

2. A 细节理解题。

根据第三段“because DNA changes are passed to future generations and could have unforeseen effects on the entire gene pool”可知很多国家禁止胚胎的基因编辑的原因是DNA的变化会传递给后代，可能会对整个基因库产生无法预料的影响，故选A。

3. C 判断推理题。

根据最后一段倒数第二句“‘This research work was carried
out by Professor He Jiankui outside of the school,’ said the Southern University of Science and Technology in Shenzhen. ”可知深圳南方科技大学表示:“这项研究工作是由何建奎教授在校外完成的。

”即深圳大学言下之意对于何建奎教授在校外进行研究工作的行为并不知情，是在声明与他的研究无关，故选C。

4. D 主旨大意题。

根据第一段“Stanford University has begun an investigation following claims that some of its staff knew long ago of Chinese scientist He Jiankui’s plans to create the world’s first gene-edited babies. ”可知斯坦福大学已开始进行一项有关从事基因编辑的科学家的调查，且文章就此为中心内容展开进行论述，故选D。

Passage 5
1. A 细节理解题。

根据第三段The rhino may be the source of the belief in unicorns（独角兽）, legendary animals whose horn was said to be a wonder drug for all types of diseases. In 1298, the Venetian explorer Marco Polo described Sumatran rhinos as unicorns. 可知，苏门答腊的犀牛是独角兽。

故选A。

2. C 数字计算题。

根据第五段Today, less than 15 per cent of the 1970 population remains, an estimated 10,000 to 11,000 worldwide. 可知，现在犀牛的数量只有不到1970年的15%，估计全世界有1万到1. 1万。

可知1970年可能是66667到73333，因此C项最接近，故选C。

3. D 推理判断题。

根据最后两段Of the two African species, the white rhino has rebounded(回弹) from near extinction(白犀牛从濒临灭绝回弹了)和The black rhino has not been so lucky. (黑犀牛没有那么幸运)可知，对于两种犀牛，黑犀牛濒临灭绝，故选D。