高考语法填空考点总结【可编辑范本】
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。
语法填空
有提示词的解题技巧
一:谓语动词:
若句子没有别的谓语动词,或者虽然已有谓语动词,但需填的动词与之是并列关系时,所给动词就是谓语动词;若是谓语动词,就要考虑时态和语态。
1. Hisfear offailure_______(keep) himfrom classroom games thatother children played excitedly。
kept
2.That was definitely notan attractive idea so I politelydec linedher invitation,______(close)my book and walkedaway.closed
3.Threepeople____(take)to ahospital, while others were treate
d atalocal clinic. 。
were taken
4. She told him that she________ (bring) himthe water inten minutes. would bring
二、非谓语动词
若句中已有谓语动词,又不是并列谓语时,所给动词就是非谓语动词。
若是非谓语动词就要确定用现在分词、过去分词,还是不定式.非谓语动词的形式一定要考虑它与其逻辑主语之间的关系.
技巧一:作主语或宾语,通常用现在分词形式表示习惯或一般情况,用不定式表示具体的情况。
1.Butit is not enough only_______________(memorize) rules fr omagrammarbook.
解析:因it是形式主语,后面用不定式作真正的主语,故填to memorize。
2._____________(speak)out your feeling won't makeyoufeelasham ed。
解析:句中已有谓语won’t make,所以speak应为非谓语动词;谓语前面应为主语,作主语,表示一般情况,要用动名词短语,故填Speaking。
技巧二:作目的状语或者在形容词后作状语,一般用不定式。
1. ______________(complete) the projectas planned,we’ll ha veto worktwo morehoursaday。
解析:因句中已有谓语will have to work,所以complete应为非谓语动词;因“(为了)按计划完成这项工程"是“我们每天不得不额外多工作两小时"的目的,作目的状语,用动词不定式,故填To complete。
2。
Somepeople say that oldest children, who are smart and stron g-willed,are verylikely _______ (succeed)。
解析:因在形容词likely后作状语,要用动词不定式,故填to succeed.
技巧三:作伴随状语,常用分词,与逻辑主语是主动关系,用现在分词,与逻辑主语是被动关系,用过去分词。
这样的题一般要特别注意空格前的逗号.
1。
He saw the stone, ____________(say) to himself: “The night wil lbevery dark。
”
解析:句中已有谓语saw,所给动词与saw不是并列关系,应当是非谓语动词;又因He与say是主动关系,故填saying作伴随状语。
2。
The headmaster wentintothelab,______________ (follow) by the foreign guests.
解析:句中已有谓语went,而follow又不是与之并列的,故为非谓语动词;又因the headmaster与follow是被动关系,故用过去分词作伴随状语。
3. There will be a meeting,___________ (start) later this yeartorev iewthefilm.
解析:因ameeting与start是主动关系,用现在分词短语作定语,补充说明ameeting,故填starting。
4.Lessons _______________(learn) in sportscan helpus in ourde aling with other people。
解析:因句中已有谓语canhelp,所以learn应为非谓语动词;又因lesson与lea rn是被动关系,要用过去分词短语作定语,故填learned.
特别提醒
有时给出的动词可能既不是谓语动词也不是非谓语动词,而是要求词类转换.如:
ButJaneknew from past experience that her __________ (choose) of tieshardly ever pleased her father。
解析:括号中所给词choose虽然是动词,但在句中作主语,且在形容词性物主代词后,应当填choose的名词形式choice.
谓语动词与非谓语动词的比较练习:
1.He enteredtheroom,__________(hold)abook in his hand。
holding
He entered theroom and_________(hold)abook in his hand。
held
2.I politely refused her invitationand ___________(walk)away。
walked
Ipolitely refused her invitation,___________(walk) away。
walking
3.A boy__________(call) Jack came here today. called
A boy who _____________(call) Jack came here today。
was called
4.We enjoy the movie___________(direct)by afamous artist。
directed
We enjoythemoviewhich_______________(direct) by a famous artist.was directed
5.When I_________(hear) the news,I was excited. heard
When____________(hear) thenews,Iwas excited. hearing
6.Unless I ____________(invite),I won,t attend theparty. was invi ted
Unless ____________(invite),I won'tattend the party。
invit ed
三.给出的提示词是形容词或副词
当括号中所给的词是形容词或副词,且根据句义空格处需要的仍是形容词或副词,则可能填该词的比较级或最高级。
1.Heisone of the _________(great)manthatIhave ever known.greatest
2.____________(luck)thanotherstudents inher class,she was admittedto BeijingUniversity。
Luckier
3.Whenhe sees otherstudents __________(good) than him,heusu ally think that they have higher IQ.better
4.At first we wanted to fly because itwould be_________(fast) and would saveus more time. faster
5.The ___________(big)andmost powerfulanimal in the forest was thebear。
biggest
6.The___________(young) angel was veryangry andblame theolder angel.younger
解题技巧:
1.若两者之间比较,或者有than,就用比较级
2.不出现than, 即省略了“than+比较对象"这种隐含式比较级,要注意语境理解
3.注意“less/least+原级"这样的降级比较
4.若是多者之间比较,或者有in、of等介词短语表示比较范围,要用最高级
5.比较级前可用a bit、a little表示稍稍,一点;用much、a lot表示“……得多”、
even表示“更加”
6.as…as…之间用原级
7.最高级前要有the
(1)The other frog wenton jumping as hard ashecould.He jumped even_________(hard) and nearly madehimself out.harder
(2)The ______________(strong) we become,themore modest weshould b e. stronger
(3)Ofthe twocoats,I’dchoose the_____________(cheap)one t ospare some money for a book。
cheaper
(4)You are drivingtoo fast.Can you drivea bit _______________(slow)? slower
(5)This washing machineis environmentally friendly because it uses __________(little)waterandelectricitythan older models。
l ess
(6)The melon the Smiths served at dinner would have tasted______________(good) if it hadbeenputinthe fridge for a little while. better
三、词性转换
根据该词在句子所作句子成分确定用哪种形式。
①作表语、定语或补语,通常用形容词。
如:
The youngster immediately fell ________ (silence)astearsflewdownfrom his bigblue eyes。
解析:因在系动词felt后作表语,用形容词,故填silent。
Ina________(danger)partofthe sea, they lost theirway。
解析:在冠词与名词之间,要用形容词,作定语,故填dangerous。
Teachers musttrytheir best tomake most of their students ________ (i nterest)in the subject。
解析:因所填词在句中作宾语most of theirstudents的补足语,用形容词;表示“感兴趣",填interested。
②作主语,或在及物动词或介词后作宾语,用名词.
WhenChina’s ancient scientificand technological ________ (achie ve) are mentioned,the nation will generally refer tothe Four Great Inventions.
解析:在时间状语从句中,要求填的词作主语,China's ancientscientific an dtechnological是主语的定语;作主语要用名词,又由are可知,主语是复数,故填achievements。
Thesepeople have made great____________(contribute)to Ch ina withtheirwork.
解析:在句中作及物动词have made的宾语,要用名词形式;表示作贡献,其前面没有不
定冠词时,习惯上用复数,故填contributions.
③在形容词性物主代词后,或者在“冠词(+形容词)”后,用名词。
如:
Their___________(happy)is basedon money.
解析:在形容词性物代词(their)后应当用名词,故填happiness。
The___________ (operate) of the system is very difficult。
解析:在冠词后,要用名词,故填operation。
④修饰动词、形容词、副词,或整个句子,作状语,用副词形式。
如:
AsIlooked __________ (close) atthis girl, I foundthat she wasn't ugly at all。
解析:修饰动词looked,作状语,用副词,故填closely.
There must be something____________(serious)wrongwith our s ociety。
解析:要求填的词修饰形容词wrong,作状语,用副词,故填seriously.
Singles areflockingto the Internet________(main)because their busy lifestyles leavethemlittle time.
解析:修饰because引导的原因状语从句,修饰整个句子,作状语,用副词,故填mai nly。
______________(fortunate),only twostudents can pass thefinal exam。
解析:修饰整个句子,作状语,用副词,且根据句意可知,要表达“不幸的是”,故填Unfortu nately
⑤派生词:有可能是词义转换题,词类或词性不一定要变,主要是考查具有与词根意义相反的派生词,需要句子意思及前后逻辑关系,需要在词前加前缀un-, im—, , dis-等,或在该词后加后缀-lessPeoplecertainly have a variety of reasonsfor going back toschool but one important thing to know is,no knowledge is ________ (use)。
解析:作表语要用形容词;又由句意可知,作者是表达“没有什么知识是无用的”,故填u seless.
Yourmistake caused a lot of________(necessary) workin the office。
解析:在名词前作定语,仍用形容词形式;但根据句意,“错误引起了许多不必要的麻烦事”,故填unnecessary.
(im)possible(im)polite(un)happy (un)healthy (un)kind
care(less) home(less) use(less)(dis)like What would you doif youfailed?Manypeople may choose to give up。
__1__ ,the surestway tosuccessis to keep your directionandstick__2__yourgoal。
On your wayto success, you__3__ keep yourdirection.It is just like a lamp, guidingyouin darkness and __4__ (help) youovercome obstacles on your way。
__5__ , you willeasilyget lost or hesitate togoahead.
Direction means objectives。
You can get nowhere __6__a nobjectivein life。
You can trytowrite your objective on paper and make someplans to achieve__7__.Only in this way __8__ youknowhow to arrange your time andto spend your time__9__(proper).And you should also havea belief __10__ you aresure to succeed aslongasyou keep your direction all the time。
【解析】本文告诉我们,要想成功,最可靠的方法就是坚持你的方向和目标.
1.However与前句是转折关系,空格前后都有标点,用副词however。
2.to stick to意为“坚持”.
3.must由语境揣摸出作者的语气,句意为:在通往成功的路上,你必须坚持你的方向。
4.helping 与guiding并列,一起补充说明alamp,故用现在分词。
5.Otherwise由本句与前句的逻辑关系可知,要填表示“否则”的otherwise。
6.without 句意:人生如果没有目标,你将一事无成。
7.it it指代your objective.
8.will/can 句意:只有这样,你才会知道……
9.properly修饰动词spend作状语用副词.
10.that引导同位语从句,从句中不缺句子成分,且意义完整,故填that。
语法填空:纯空格的解题技巧
一、冠词
Thereis____“u”intheword”use"。
Aswe all know,____hour is equalto60minutes。
冠词练习:
1.Hetalked tousin ____unusual way.an
2.I sat next to the man and introduce myself.We had ___amazingconversation.an
3.One morning hewas walking along thestreetwhen astranger stopped him。
"Well,” answered_____ stranger, “are you still willing tota ke achance?”the
4.John,there is____ Mr. Wilson on the phonefor you. A
5.Ayoung man, whiletraveling through a desert,came across a spring of clear water。
____water was sweet. The
二、介词
介词包括表时间、方位、方式的介词on,in,at,with,by,through等.如果名词、代词前是空格,且该名词或代词不是作主语、宾语、或表语,而更多是作状语时,很可能填介词。
另外,含有介词的固定搭配要积累。
1、I didn'twanttobe laughed at fortalking to him but I didn’tlike leavinghim_______his own either。
on on one’e own=byoneself 独自地,靠自己地
2、Theyoung man wenthome________ ahappy heart。
with
3、Hewas very tired ________ doing thisfor a whole day, but he feltveryhappy.
from /after
4、If you still haven’t got a motto,please choose one becausea mottocan have a great influence_____you。
on
5、The machine works____ itself.by
6、It’s unbelievablethat John felloff the truck_______ being hur t。
without
7、Rose waswild with joy_____ theresult of the exam。
as
8、As soon as he enteredtheroom, he took____ his cap and sat down。
off
9、The numberof the employeeshas grown from 1000 to 1200。
This me ans that it hasrisen______ 20percent. by
三、代词
代词的种类繁多,包括人称代词、物主代词、疑问代词、反身代词和指示代词等,其中近年来对代词it 在句中指代事物,作形式主语或形式宾语的用法较常见。
如果句子缺少主语或宾语,那一定是填名词或代词,名词一般都是词性变换,所以没给出提示词的,一般都是填代词。
1.Scientistsinthe future will certainly findotherways to make life lastlonger。
______ willfindcuresfor morediseases. 缺人称代词,且作主格,填They
2.As a teenager, Tom spent summersworking asalifeguard。
Fort yyearslater,_____ becamethe oldest president。
缺人称代词,且作主格,填he
3.“Iam disappointed that youlied to me,Jack. I am angry,notwith _
___,but with myself.” Dadsaid.
缺人称代词,且作宾格,填you
4.Tomis a kind-heartedman,soyou can ask ______ for help。
缺人称代词,且作宾语,填him
5。
The boy hadmisunderstood the doctor. He thought that he wasgoing to give his sister all____ blood.
缺形容词性物主代词,填his
6.Here is my dictionary。
Maybe______is on thetable.If you still can't find it,you may askyour mother forhelp。
缺主语,且没有提示词,所以根据句意,缺名词性物主代词, 填yours
7。
—-———CouldIborrow you pen?
-----——Yes,help________。
缺反身代词,填yourself.
8。
By playing games, they can not only acquire knowledge, but also cult ivate their abilities toget along with _______. Others
9. Of the twoforeign guests,one is from London,______ is from New York。
The other
10.He asked histeacher,“Sir,the waterwas awful.Why didyo upretend to like______?”it
11。
Sherememberedhow difficult_______was to choosea suitable Christmas present for her father。
12.Ithink_____necessary that we drink plenty of water everyday.it
四、连词
如果两个句子(即两个主谓结构)之间没有分号或句号,也没有关联词连接或引导,则填并列连词或从属连词.
并列连词:包括表转折but,while,however,or, otherwise;并列and;因果because,so等连词.
从属连词:包括that, who,which,where,when, as等。
1.He answered all my questions_____ wetalked for over an h
our.and
2.I patientlywalkedto the library, took myseat_____to
ok a deepbreath to help relax myself。
and
3.I thought we would be late for the concert,____we ended up getting
there aheadoftime. but
4.You have failedtwotests。
You’dbetter start working
harder, ____you won'tpass the course。
or
5.I’ d liketo study lawat university ________ my cousin prefer
sgeography.while
6.They wanted to charge$ 5,000 for the car,_______ wemanaged to
bring theprice down. but
7.People from black country are very friendly.________,their
local dialect is difficultto understand.However
五、固定搭配或句型
1.根据强调句结构“It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+句子剩下部分”判断空格处填it还是that.
_____was only after I heard she becamesickthat Ilearnedshe couldn’teatmeat。
It
Itwasin the park_____Jackmet yoursister yesterday。
that
2.如果句子结构完整,空格后是谓语动词且谓语动词原形,而且上下文时态和谓语形式不是很一致时,则考虑以下两种情况:
(1)填表示强调的助动词
However,an awful accident ________happenyesterday。
did
As we all know,Mary_____ practice speaking English everyday.does (2)以only+状语(从句)位于句首,句子要部分倒装句,即把be动词、助动词提到主语的前面。
Onlythen ____ Irealizethat I was wrong。
did
Only inthis way ___ you ableto doitwell. are
Iwas alwaystold that the threePs,patience,positivethinking and perseverance,were asure path 1__________success.Butthis advice does not alwaysworkas planned。
Myhigh schoolmaths exam is one example。
The exam,2_________was originally to be held in our classroom,3__________(change)to the libraryat the last minute。
This,4__________,didn't bothermebecausemaths ha dalways beenmy strongest subject。
I patiently walked to the library, t ookmyseatand did some deep breathingtohelprelax5__________。
But mymood changedquickly______ I saw the first question. Ihad no idea how to doit.Itriedto staypositive 7__________I finally found the solution。
With the problem 8___________(solve),I felt proudof my achievement.9___________(fortuna te),Ithen noticed that I hadjust 10minutes left 10___________ (complete)the rest。
1。
to2。
which 3.was changed 4.however 5.myself 6. when/as
22.until 8。
solved9.Unfortunately 10to complete
Morethan2000yearsago, therelivedayoungmanin the Sho uling area of theStateof Yan。
1______(lack)self—confiden ce, hewas 2_____ a loss as to how tobehave all the time。
3______thedays went by, he4_______(feel)that his walking gestures were too clumsy andawkward。
One day, he met some people on the road who werechattingand laugh ing. 5______ ofthem said that people inHandanwalked 6________ (grace)。
And that was just7_____he was mostconcerned
about,so he went to Handan,8_______wasfar away,tolearnhowto walk. As soon as he arrived in Handan, he learnedfrom the c hildren therehow to walk, 9_______ he thoughtthatthe childr en's walking gestureswere lively。
He learned from the oldpeople there how towalk,becausehetho ught the old people’swalking gestures were steady。
He learned fromthe women therehow to walk,because he thoughtthewomen’s waving walking gestures werebeautiful. That being the casewith him,inlessthan half10______month heeven forgothow to walk. As he hadalreadyused up histraveling expenses, he hadto crawl。
cking。
因he与lack是主动关系,故用现在分词短语作状语,表示原因。
2。
at。
固定短语:at a loss茫然,不知如何是好。
as to至于,关于
3。
As。
引导时间状语从句,表示“随着”。
4. felt。
由上下文可知,用一般过去时。
5。
One。
指其中之一,用故one of them。
6.gracefully.修饰动词作状语,用副词gracefully。
7。
what。
引导表语从句并在从句中作about的宾语,故用连接代词what。
8. which。
引导非限定性定语从句并在从句中作主语,只能用which.
9.because。
10。
a。
搭配:half a month半个月。
A young man,while travelingthrough adesert,cameacross a spring ofclear water。
______31____water was sweet.He filledhisleathercontainer sothathe couldbringsome backto elder _______32____had been his teacher 。
After a four-dayjourney, th eyoungman_____33___.(present)the waterto theoldman。
Hi steacher took a deep drink,smiled____34_____(warm),andthankedh is student very much for thesweetwater.The young man wenthome____35______ahappy heart.
After the studentleft, the teacher let__36___student taste the water。
Hespit it out, __37___(say)it was awful. Apparently, itwas no longer fresh because of the old leather container. He asked histeac her,"Sir,the water wasawful。
Whydid youpretendtol ike___38____?"
The teacher replied,” Youtasted thewater。
Itasted thegift.The water was simplythecontainerforan actofkindnessandlove。
Nothing could be___39___(sweet)。
”
Weunderstand thislessonbest____40___we receivegifts oflove fromchildren.Whether itis acheap pipeon a diamond necklace,the proper response is appreciation.We love the idea within the gift ratherthan the thing.
10年:31题:The定冠词。
32题:who考定语从句关系代词的用法。
另,一直在怀疑elder前边是不是漏词了…这是
高考题,这是高考题……33题:presented考动词时态。
34题:warmly考词性转换,形容词变副词。
35题:with考介词.“开开心心地回家了”
36题:another让另一个学生喝这个水。
考不定代词。
37题:saying考非谓语动词用法。
38题:it考代词,指物的那个。
39题:sweeter形容词比较级的用法,“没有什么比这个更甜",“这是最甜的水”
40题:when。
One Sundaymorning inAugust Iwent tolocal music festival.I left itearly because I had an appointment 16(late)that day。
My friendswalked meto thebus stop and waited with me 17 the bus arrived。
I got onthe busand found a seatnear t heback,andthen I noticed a man18 (sit) atthe front。
He 19 (pretend) thata tigertoy was real andgiving it a voice。
He must be20(mental)disabled.
Behind him were otherpeopleto 21 hewas trying totalk, but aft er someminutes 22walked away andsatnear me,looki ngannoyed
Ididn't want to be laughed at for talking tohimbut I didn’tlike leavinghim23 his own either.
After a while I rosefrom my seat and walked to the frontof the b us。
I sat nextto the man and introducedmyself。
Wehad24 amazing conversation。
Hegot off the bus beforeme and I feltvery happythe restofthe way home。
I’mglad I madea choice。
It made25 of us feel good。
later later thatday那天晚些时候,常见用法,不难。
until朋友陪我走到公交站台,一直等到公交车到来。
sitting 现在分词做宾补,表示正在进行.
pretended 考察时态。
mentally修饰形容词,用副词。
太基础.
whom本句为“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句,表示人用whom,表示物用which,介词的选择根据动词搭配,本句为talk to
theyonon hisown =byhimself
an
bothboth of us我们大家。