陶洁《美国文学选读》课后习题详解【圣才出品】

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陶洁《美国文学选读》课后习题详解(斯蒂芬克莱恩)【圣才出品】

第10单元斯蒂芬•克莱恩1. What does the opening sentence imply?Key: It implies the extremely dangerous and hard situation that they are faced with. They can only focus on the sea and do not once take their eyes off the ocean. They have to fight with the ocean with all their strength and attention.2. How does the following outburst contribute to the theme(s) of the story? “If I am going to be drowned - if I am going to be drowned - if I am going to be drowned. why, in the name of the seven mad gods who rule the sea, was I allowed to come thus far and contemplate sand and trees? Was I brought here merely to have my nose dragged away as I was about to nibble the sacred cheese of life? It is preposterous. If this old ninny woman, Fate, cannot do better than this, she should be deprived of the management of men’s fortunes. She is an old hen who knows not her intention. If she has decided to drown me. why did she not do it in the beginning and save me all this trouble. The whole affair is absurd....But, no, she cannot mean to drown me. She dare not drown me. She cannot drown me. Not after all this work.”Key: The following outburst is a desperate one which shows the speaker’s rebellions and resentfulness to the seven gods of sea. He thinks that he would be unfairly treated if he is drowned. Through the story, the struggle between manand the natural world is the most apparent theme. In fact, the speaker knows that nature is powerful and ruthless, and it will not show sympathy nor punish anyone, so, he thinks that he must survive by his own efforts. He must save himself.3. In what way could the survivors be interpreters?Key: The survivors can be interpreters to interpret the relationships between man and nature. They went through the hard struggles with nature, so they would have a better understanding of nature and man.。

陶洁《美国文学选读》课后习题详解(本杰明富兰克林)【圣才出品】

陶洁《美国文学选读》(第3版)章节题库-第五章至第六章【圣才出品】

第5单元赫尔曼·梅尔维尔I.Fill in the blanks.1.Herman Melville’s novel_____is a tremendous chronicle of a whaling voyage in pursuit of a seemingly supernatural white whale.【答案】Moby Dick【解析】《白鲸》是一部以捕鲸生涯为题材的小说，一位名叫亚哈（Ahab）的“皮廓德号”（Pequod）捕鲸船船长带领全体船员，追捕一条叫做“莫比·迪克”的大白鲸的历险过程。

2.______is famous for writing stories about the sea and the islands of the Southern Pacific.In his masterpiece______,he tells a story of a whaling voyage within which is set a symbolic account of the conflict between man and his fate.【答案】Herman Melville；Moby Dick【解析】赫尔曼·麦尔维尔因写南太平洋的大海和岛屿的故事而著名。

他的代表作《白鲸》讲述了以人与他自己命运的冲突作为象征的捕鲸航程。

3.______is the narrator in Moby Dick.【答案】Ishmael【解析】以实玛利是小说《白鲸》的叙述者。

4.It is said that in his late years,Herman Melville stopped writing novels and storiesand turned to poetry,______is his most famous poetic work.【答案】Clarel【解析】麦尔维尔发表的小说在当时反响平平，晚年他放弃小说改写诗歌。

陶洁《美国文学选读》课后习题详解(舍伍德安德森)【圣才出品】

第12单元舍伍德•安德森1. Why did t he narrator’s father treasure up the dead deformed chickens?Key: Because these dead chickens were grotesque and the father thought that the grotesques were valuable and people would like to look at strange and wonderful things. He wanted to make fortune by them.2. What is the narrator’s outlook on life?Key: When the narrator was young, he was greatly influenced by their chicken raising, which made deep impression of disaster on him. He became a gloomy man during his childhood. Although, sometimes, he was so happy that he would show it, he thought that he should not, because that he had been raised on a chicken farm where death was a daily visitor. Throughout the whole story, we can see that the narrator has an optimistic outlook on life.3. What does the egg come to symbolize by the end of the narrative?Key: At the end of the narrative, the father threw an egg to his visitor, and this egg symbolizes the crush of the father’s American Dream. Finally, “he laid the egg gently on the table” symbolizes that he realizes that his dream can never come true, so he gives up.4. How is the egg used to unify the narrative elements?Key: Throughout the story, the narrator tells us two adventures of his father. The first one is raising chickens, which is directly related with the egg. The second adventure is running a restaurant, during which the father is still related with the egg, with which he serves his guests and plays tricks for them. We can say that the father cannot break up with his past once for all. Thus, the egg unites all the narrative elements of the story.。

陶洁《美国文学选读》(第3版)章节题库-第十章至第十四章【圣才出品】

第10单元斯蒂芬·克莱恩I.Fill in the blanks.1.______is the pioneer who wrote in the naturalistic tradition.【答案】Stephen Crane【解析】斯蒂芬·克莱恩（Stephen Crane,1871～1900），是美国著名作家，他是美国自然主义文学的先驱者，其代表作有《街头女郎玛吉》（Maggie:A Girl of the Streets）和《红色英勇勋章》（The Red Badge of Courage）。

2.War in Crane’s novel______is a plain slaughterhouse.There is nothing like valor or heroism on the battlefield,and if there is anything,it is the fear of death, cowardice,the natural instinct of man to run from danger.【答案】The Red Badge of Courage【解析】克莱恩的小说《英勇红色勋章》中战争是就一个屠场，战争中并没有展示战士的勇猛和英雄主义，只是对死亡的恐惧，懦弱和人性中逃离危险的自然本能。

3._____had an evident influence on naturalism.It seemed to stress the animality of man,to suggest that he was dominated by the irresistible forces of evolution.【答案】Darwinism【解析】达尔文主义（Darwinism）对自然主义（Naturalism）影响深远。

达尔文主义强调人的“动物本性”，认为人是由遗传和不可抗拒的外部力量共同支配的。

陶洁《美国文学选读》课后习题详解(厄内斯特海明威)【圣才出品】

第16单元厄内斯特•海明威1. How do you interpret the irony of the title after reading the story?Key: The title “A Clean, Well-Lighted Place” refers to the café in the story, which is very clean and well-lighted. According to the literal meaning, we can find that the café is very warm and comfortable. People li ke going there. And the old man, in the story, also likes to have drink there. However, the younger waiter in it ruins such kind of quality of the café. He is selfish and impatient. Thinking of his wife waiting for him in bed, he refuses to serve the old man and drives him away. He thought that one hour is more important for him than for the old man. The younger waiter shows no sympathy for the old man at all, and he is very cold-blooded. The clean and well-lighted café and the selfish and cold-hearted waiter form the sharp contrast. Thus, it shows the irony of the title.2. Do you think youth and confidence can help one withstand the metaphorical dark? Why or why not?Key: I don’t think youth and confidence can help one withstand the metaphorical dark. Bec ause the metaphorical dark is rooted in one’s heart that no one can free from it, even cannot remove or ease it. Although, sometimes, youth and confidence bring great hope for young people, and with which they foresee their bright future, they cannot take good advantage of it, because thatthey do not understand life and human beings. As in the story, the young waiter has both youth and confidence, but he cannot understand why the old man wants to suicide, and he also cannot anticipate his own future by the old man’s situation. He has no idea that youth is not permanent, and all people will be faced with the universal nada. So, he shows no sympathy for the old man and is impatient to him. His youth and confidence do not contribute to withstanding his metaphorical dark.3. The older waiter said to the younger waiter: “We are of two different kinds.” In what way do you think they are different?Key: They are different in many ways. Firstly, they are at different ages: one is younger and the other is in his middle age. Secondly, they have different life experiences and different understandings of life and people. The middle-aged waiter has went through much more than the younger waiter, and he has a better understanding of life and people, so he can understand more about the old man and his situation. Thus, thirdly, they have different personalities and have different attitudes towards the old man. The elder waiter is kind-hearted and sympathetic. He shows great sympathy for the old man, while the younger waiter is very selfish and he is very impatient to the old man and drives him away from the café. Last, they have different attitudes towards nada. The elder waiter has realized that it is impossible to avoid nada in one’s whole life, and the only thing that he can do is to keep cleanness in his mind and heart. So, he is willing to worklate for the lonely old man and help those who suffer from nada. On the contrary, the younger waiter has not realized nada in his heart, thus he uselessly cherishes his blind confidence.。

陶洁《美国文学选读》笔记和课后习题（含考研真题）详解（斯蒂芬克莱恩）【圣才出品】

陶洁《美国⽂学选读》笔记和课后习题（含考研真题）详解（斯蒂芬克莱恩）【圣才出品】第10单元斯蒂芬?克莱恩10.1 复习笔记I. Introduction to author（作者简介）1. Life（⽣平）Stephen Crane was an American novelist, short story writer, poet and journalist. Prolific throughout his short life, he wrote notable works in the Realist tradition as well as early examples of American Naturalism and Impressionism. He is recognized by modern critics as one of the most innovative writers of his generation.斯蒂芬·克莱恩是美国⼩说家、短篇⼩说家、诗⼈、记者。

他在短暂的⼀⽣中著作颇丰，在现实主义传统下写了许多著名作品，也成为美国⾃然主义和印象主义的早期范例。

他被当代批评家认为是同时代最具有创意的作家。

2. Major Works（主要作品）Maggie: A Girl of the Street (1893) 《街头⼥郎麦姬》The Red Badge of Courage (1895) 《红⾊英勇勋章》“The Open Boat” (1897) 《海上扁⾈》The Bride Comes to Yellow Sky (1898)《新娘来到黄天镇》The Blue Hotel (1898) 《蓝⾊旅店》Ⅱ. Selected works（选读作品）◆The Open Boat《海上扁⾈》This story is based on Crane’s personal experiences. While traveling to Cuba to work as a newspaper correspondent during the Cuban insurrection against Spain, Crane was stranded at sea after his ship the Commodore sank off the coast of Florida. Stephen Crane and three others endured the rage of the sea for thirty hours. Billy Higgins a friend of Cranes drowned while swimming to shore. This realistic story of their life-threatening ordeal captures the emotions of four men in a fight against nature.Th e most significant aspect of this struggle lies in the men’s attempts to help one another survive when they are confronted with danger and disaster.故事取材于克莱恩真实的个⼈经历。

陶洁《美国文学选读》(第2版)笔记和课后习题详解-第1~13单元【圣才出品】

第1单元本杰明•富兰克林1.1 复习笔记I. Introduction to author（作者简介）Benjamin Franklin (1706-1790) was a rare genius in human history. He became everything: a printer, postmaster, almanac maker, essayist, scientist, inventor, orator, statesman, philosopher, political economist, ambassador,—“Jack of all trades.”富兰克林是人类历史上少有的天才。

他是出版家、邮政总长、历书作者、散文家、科学家、发明家、演说家、政治家、哲学家、政治经济学家、大使、业务员等等。

1. Life（生平）He was born into a poor family. He was a voracious reader. At 16 he published essays under the pseudonym Silence Do good. At 17 he ran away to Philadelphia to make his own fortune. He became a printer. He helped found the Pennsylvania Hospital, an academy which led to the University of Pennsylvania, and the American Philosophical Society. He was a preeminent scientist of his day. He signed the Declaration of Independence. He was one of the makers of the new nation.富兰克林出生于一个贫穷的家庭。

陶洁《美国文学选读》(第3版)章节题库-第一章至第二章【圣才出品】

第二部分章节题库第1单元本杰明·富兰克林І.Fill in the blanks.1.If we say Jonathan Edwards represents the upper levels of the American mind, _____represents the lower levels.【答案】Benjamin Franklin【解析】美国文学评论家范·威克·布鲁克斯（Van Wyck Brooks）在《美国的成年》(America’s Coming of Age)中指出乔纳森·爱德华兹和本杰明·富兰克林是美国18世纪的两位重要的哲学家，他们是不同层次思想的代表。

2.Franklin’s claim to a place in literature rests chiefly on his_____and_____.【答案】Poor Richard’s Almanac，The Autobiography【解析】富兰克林在文学上的地位主要取决于《穷查理历书》和《自传》。

3.In American literature,the eighteenth century was an Age of_____and Revolution.【答案】Reason【解析】18世纪的美国处于理性与革命时期。

这一时期的美国深受法国启蒙思想的影响，且处于独立革命时期。

4.Franklin was the epitome of the_____,the versatile,practical embodiment of national man in the18th century.【答案】Enlightenment【解析】富兰克林是启蒙思想的缩影，是18世纪理性的代表。

5.Benjamin Franklin’s best writing is found in his masterpiece_____.【答案】The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin【解析】本杰明·富兰克林文学上最大的成就体现在他的作品《本杰明·富兰克林自传》上。

陶洁《美国文学选读》（第3版）章节题库-第三章至第四章【圣才出品】

陶洁《美国⽂学选读》（第3版）章节题库-第三章⾄第四章【圣才出品】第3单元拉尔夫·华尔多·爱默⽣.Fill in the blanks.1.In1836,a little book came out which made a tremendous impact on the intellectual life ofAmerica.It was entitled Nature by_____.【答案】Ralph Waldo Emerson【解析】拉尔夫·沃尔多·爱默⽣（Ralph Waldo Emerson,1803—1882）美国散⽂作家、思想家、诗⼈。

1836年出版处⼥作《论⾃然》。

《论⾃然》的发表为美国思想界吹来⼀股清风，⼀扫机械主义⾃然观的乌烟瘴⽓。

2.The great work_____not only demonstrates Emersonian ideas of self-reliance but also develops and tests Thoreau’s own transcendental philosophy.【答案】“Self-Reliance”【解析】《论⾃助》不仅表现了爱默⽣关于⾃⽴的思想，同时也表达了他的超验主义思想。

3.“The greatest delight which the fields and woods minister,is the suggestion ofan occult relation between man and the vegetable.I am not alone and unacknowledged.They nod to me,and I to them.The waving of the boughs in the storm,is new to me and old.It takes me by surprise,and yet is not unknown.Its effect is like that of a higher thought or a better emotion coming over me,when I deemed I was thinking justly or doing right.Yet it is certain that the power to produce this delight,does not reside in _____,but in_____,or in a harmony of both.It is necessary to use these pleasures with great temperance.”（天津外国语2010研）【答案】nature；man【解析】该选段选⾃爱默⽣的《论⾃然》(Nature)。

陶洁《美国文学选读》课后习题详解(纳撒尼尔霍桑)【圣才出品】

第4单元纳撒尼尔•霍桑1. Why is the prison the setting of Chapter I and what is the implication of the description of the roses?Key: Because the protagonist, Hester Prynne is expected to appear here as an infamous culprit. The description of roses carries such implication that Hester Prynne was remaining faithful to nature and morality. In the bottom of her heart, she is still a pure and gracious woman. The roses symbolize hope and future of humankind.2. Describe the appearance of Hester Prynne and the attitude of the people towards her.Key: Hester Prynne was a tall woman with perfect elegance, characterized by a certain state and dignity. She was lady-like, after the manner of the feminine gentility of those days. She appeared so graceful because that she possessed true love, which she thought was something noble and worthwhile and for which she was willing to sacrifice herself. She was strong-minded and independent, and she had power and courage to endure serenely and quietly the public abuse, insult and hardness of reality.In the crowd, different people had different attitude towards Hester. Some were sympathetic, and feel sorry for her. Some are very harsh and critical towardsher, especially those cold-hearted, middle-aged women. They expressed their hatred towards Hester because they thought that Hester has brought shame on them. Even there were some people thought that the present punishment was too mild, and death should be the just penalty.3. What has happened to Hester? Why does she make the embroidery of the letterA so elaborate? How does this tell us about her character?Key: Hester has offended the Puritan rule, sinned, guilty of adultery. Condemned to wear on the breast of her gown the scarlet letter “A”, she was to stand on the platform before the meeting so that her shame might be a warning and a reproach to all who saw her.She makes the letter “A” so elaborate out of her true love for Dimmesdale. She is loyal to her true lover, faithful to morality, honest to herself. She becomes strong and independent in psychology, generous in action, living a life with dignity and great fortitude.。

陶洁《美国文学选读》课后习题详解(亨利大卫梭罗)【圣才出品】

第6单元亨利•大卫•梭罗1. Where indeed did Thoreau live, both at a physical level and at a spiritual level? Key: He lived in woods, and pursued his own simple and meaningful lifestyle at a very high physical and spiritual level.2. Had Thoreau ever bought a farm? Why did he enjoy the act of buying?Key: No, he had never bought a farm.Because he liked to have dealings with others, from which he can get a lot of fun.3. Is it significant that Thoreau mentioned the Fourth of July as the day on which he began to stay in the woods? Why?Key: Yes, it is significant. Because the Fourth of July is the Independence Day of America, and from this day on, America has become a new and independent nation. By mentioning it, Thoreau wanted to state that he also began to be independent and self-reliant from the same day, and that will be the regeneration of him.4. How could you answer the question Thoreau asked at the end of this selection? Key: That means his flocks is always out of his control, and he cannot managethem effectively. The shepherd will be disturbed and annoyed by them rather than get some pleasure from feeding and raising them. The shepherd’s life will be a mess.。

陶洁《美国文学选读》(第3版)笔记和课后习题详解(第12单元舍伍德·安德森)【圣才出品】

第12单元舍伍德·安德森12.1复习笔记I.Introduction to author（作者简介）1.Life（生平）Sherwood Anderson(1876-1941),a novelist,was born in Camden,Ohio,the third of seven children of his family.After his father’s business failed,the family was forced to move frequently,finally settling down at Clyde,Ohio,in1884.Partly as a result of these misfortunes,young Sherwood found various odd jobs to help his family,which earned him the nickname"Jobby."He left school at age14.Anderson moved to Chicago near his brother’s home and worked as a manual laborer until near the turn of the century,when he enlisted in the United States Army.He was called up but did not see action in Cuba during the Spanish-American War.After the war,in1900,he enrolled at Wittenberg University in Springfield,Ohio. Eventually he secured a job as a copywriter in Chicago and became more successful.舍伍德·安德森(1876—1941)是一位小说家，出身于俄亥俄州卡姆丹镇，在七个孩子中排行第三。

陶洁《美国文学选读》课后习题详解(托尼莫里森)【圣才出品】

1 / 2十万种考研考证电子书、题库视频学习平台圣才电子书第26单元托尼•莫里森1. Why does the author choose Twyla as the narrator of the story? How is she characterized?Key: Because on a superficial level, the white has the right to talk about something and the black has to keep silent. In a deep sense, Twyla, as a white and outsider, would be objective to describe the black images around her. She is characterized through her language, actions and psychological activities, and the comparison between her and Roberta as well.2. In what ways are the changes in time and space essential ingredients of the story?Key: The story has a very large span of time and space, which covers the characters’ early age and the time after they have their own families. Their experiences of young age become their main memories and subjects of their talk. Their different attitudes towards such memories and the events happing around them reflect their different opinions and attitudes towards people, world and life. Through the changes in time and space there shows the different characteristics, personalities and qualities of the two main characters.3. Why does Roberta cry at the end of the story?。

陶洁《美国文学选读》课后习题详解(弗斯科特菲茨杰拉德)【圣才出品】

第14单元弗•斯科特•菲茨杰拉德1. Do you think Gatsby deserves to be called “the great”? Why?Key: It is a little complicated to say Gatsby deserves to be called “the great” or not. Because that, on the one hand, he is ambitious, passionate, hard-working, kind-hearted and generous. He cherishes hopes for his bright future. He is loyal to his lover, and willing to should the responsibilities for her. On the other hand, he makes fortune by doing illegal business, which greatly ruins his qualities. We can say that he does not pursue meaningful and valuable things, and all he wants is a kind of vanity. And, he does not know that Daisy, the woman he loves, does not deserve his sincere love. He only loves a vision in his heart. He is somewhat innocent.2. Does “the green light” Gatsby believed in exist in reality? Why or why not? Key: “The green light” Gatsby believed in does not exist in reality. Because “the green light” represents Gatsby’s unattainable dream, especially the dream of being together with Daisy, who has been married and was never been the woman he loved. It is impossible for him to win Daisy back. What’s more, “the green light” refers to “the orgiastic future that year and year recedes before us”. Although we are longing for bright a nd wonderful future, it does not exist in reality for now, and it is a kind of mysterious nonexistence.3. What does Gatsby’s Schedule reveal about him and how does it relate to the American Dream?Key: Gatsby’s schedule reveals his ambitions and determination to be successful. He is strict with himself and has a sense of self-control. In order to gain wealth and social statues, he made himself such a detailed and meticulous schedule. It is the very American Dream, to gain wealth and statues, that drives him to make his schedule and work hard regardless of what kind of means he uses to make it come true.4. When you read this line “He (the man with owl—eyed glasses) took off his glasses and wiped them again, outside and in,” what image does it crea te in your mind, given the novel’s numerous references to the strikingly strange scene of the spectacled eyes?Key: When I read this line, I think that the man with thick and blurry owl-eyed glasses cannot see clearly all the things in the world. However, he is actually an owl-wise observer and sees more clearly that anyone else in the novel. This man, except Nick, is the only friend to appear at the funeral of Gatsby. He is a man of sympathetic. Throughout this novel, we also find that Dr. Eckleburg billboard also has its huge yellow spectacles. In many rainy days, Dr. Eckleburg’s eyes are also dimmed and seem blind. But, in fact, it is a pair of “all-seeing” eyes, observing what happens in the world. The owl-eyed man is similar to Dr. Eckleburg, sadlylook ing at the people’s life and idealism of this time. Both of them symbolize an uninvolved spectator, the God.。

陶洁《美国文学选读》课后习题详解(马克吐温)【圣才出品】

第8单元马克•吐温1. Why do you think Mr. Wheeler is so eager to tell these stories?Key: Because Mr. Wheeler regards these stories as really important matters, and he admires the two heroes of these stories very much. He is really eager to share his stories with others.2. Does his audience share his enthusiasm in telling the stories?Key: No, his audience does not share his enthusiasm nor has any interest in his stories. Although the narrator tells his stories in a very earnest and sincere way, his audience shows no interest, because that it has nothing to do with his preoccupation. As an educated man, the audience cannot understand the way of laborers for joy, and he will not bother himself to understand it. So, in the end, when the audience gets a chance, he flees away.3. Do you think the narrator and his listener ever suspect the presence of humor? Why? How do you interpret their interactions?Key: No, I don’t think that the narrator and his listener ever suspect the presence of humor. Because both the narrator and the listener show no special response and emotion to these stories, that is, the narrator tells his stories for the story-telling sake, and the listener listening to it for the listening sake. There is nocommunication between them, which causes the failure of interaction.。

陶洁《美国文学选读》课后习题详解(19世纪美国诗人)【圣才出品】

第7单元19世纪美国诗人“I Shot an Arrow”1. Why did the speaker lose sight of his arrow and song?Key: Because that the arrow flew so swiftly and the song was invisible and no one had so knee and strong sight to catch them, he lost sight of his arrow and song.2. In what circumstances did he find them again?Key: After a long, long time, he found the arrow still unbroken in an oak, and the song, from beginning to end, in the heart of a friend. They were both well-preserved after a very long time.3. What do arrow and song stand for in this poem?Key: Arrow and song stand for friendship, affections and true sentiments towards friends in this poem.“A Psalm of Life”1. What kind of person is the speaker of this poem?Key: The speaker of the poem is an optimistic person. He loves life and is enthusiastic about life. He is encouraging and invigorative. He encourages those who encountered hardships and were suffering. He is also a doer who always actsrather than yearns for future and makes plan for it. He knows that a person should “be up and doing, with a heart for any fate” and keep achieving and pursuing, and learning to labor and wait.2. According to the poem, how should our lives be led to overcome the fact that each day brings us nearer to death?Key: According the poem, “life is real, life is earnest! And the grave is not its goal.” Although we go towards death every day, it is not our destination, for the aim of life of ours is to pursue, achieve and improve ourselves. That is, “but to act, that each tomorrow / Find us farther than today.” So, we should“Be a hero in the strife” and “act in the living present!”3. Interpret the metaphor of “Footprints on the sand of time” (line 28).Key: “The sand of time”refers to the lifetime of a man. If a man has done nothing and achieved nothing, his whole life would be empty and worthless. There was no any “footprints”. “Footprints on the sand of time” refers a person’s traces of struggle and his ac hievement recognized by others.“Sonnet-To Science”1. What kind of image does science have in this poem?Key: According to the poem, science is “the daughter of Old Time” and changes all things with its “peering eyes”. It becomes formidable adversary toimagination and poetry, because it stops the poets’ wandering in the jeweled shies.2. According to Poe, what will a poet do, if he is free from the bondage of science? Key: If a poet is free from the bondage of science, he will wander in the jeweled skies to seek treasure, that is, writing materials, for his poems, and have the summer dream beneath the tamarind tree so as to send his imaginations fly.3. What might science deprive the speaker of?Key: Science might deprive the speaker of “wandering” and “the summer dream beneath the tamarind tree”, because science, like a vulture, preys “upon the poet’s heart” and it also ruins many beautiful legends. Science explains everything in a scientific way, leaving poets no place to imagine and wander. In the end, the speaker even cannot dream under the tamarind tree.“To Helen”1. Why does the poet compare Helen’s beauty to “those Nicean barks of yore”? Key: Because the poet thinks that Helen is a classical beauty and “those Nicean barks of yore” implies the same kind of beauty, which is gentle, dreamy and heart-shaking.2. What have brought the wayfaring speaker home?Key: Helen’s “hyacinth hair, classic face and Naiad airs” have brou ght the wayfaring speaker home.3. In what form does Helen appear in the final stanza? Why does she carry a lamp in her hands?Key: She stands “in yon brillia nt window-niche” like a statue.Because now, she appears in the incarnation of Psyche, who was very curious about his husband and carried a lamp to see him. And here, the poet reproduces the classic scene of the mythology so as to make Helen mysterious.One’s Self I Sing1. What is th e significance of singing about one’s, self?Key: Singing about one’s self is celebrating human beings’ individual spirit, which is typical of American people. This exaltation puts mankind at the first place and increases their confidence and self-esteem.2. What is the difference between physiology and physiognomy?Key: Physiology is a science that deals with the functions and life process of human beings, whereas physiognomy refers to an art of judging character from contours of face itself or the appearance of a person.3. What does Whitman mean by the term of “the Modern Man”?Key: He means that “the Modern Man” should be free from any prejudice and pride, totally different from the traditional one who is full of bias. The life of “the Modern Man” is full of passion, pulse and power, and people’s action are cheerful and freest under the divine laws.“O Captain! My Captain!”1. Why is the word “Captain” capitalized throughout the poem?Key: Because, in this poem, the word “Captain” especially refers to Abraham Lincoln, president of the United States.2. What overall metaphor does the poet employ in this poem?Key: The poet compares America to be the ship on the sea, and the sea symbolizes the Civil War of America. President, Abraham Lincoln, is compared to be the “Captain”, who is killed just before the victory.3. Why do people on the shores exult and bells ring while the speaker remains so sad?Key: Because people on the shore welcome the ship returning from its hard trip, whereas the speaker is sad because the captain fails to receive his own honor.“To Make a Prairie”1. What things are needed to “make” a prairie? In what sense can one really do it?Key: It needs grass and insects. One can really do it by imagination.2. How can “revery alone” create a prairie?Key: By imagination, everything on a prairie can come into our mind, and thus, we can create a prairie.“Success Is Counted Sweetest”1. W hy is success “counted sweetest by those who never succeed”?Key: Because those who never succeed have a strong desire to succeed and they think that being successful is the most meaningful and worthy thing that they pursue. For them, success is the most attractive goal and is counted sweetest.2. Who are “the purple host”?Key: “The purple host” refers to those so-called successful people in the world.3. Who is “he” in the last stanza?Key: “He” refers to anyo ne who is pursuing his success.“I’m Nobody!”1. Who are the “pair of us” and “they” in this poem?Key: The “pair of us” refers to the speaker in the poem and the reader. “They” refers to the public, especially those in power.。

陶洁《美国文学选读》(第3版)章节题库-19世纪美国诗人【圣才出品】

第7单元19世纪美国诗人I.Fill in the blanks.1.After his death,_____became the only American to be honored with a bust in the Poet’s Corner of Westminster Abbey.【答案】Henry Wadsworth Longfellow【解析】亨利·沃兹沃斯·朗费罗（1807—1882）晚年获得各种荣誉，接受过剑桥及牛津大学颁予的荣誉学位。

死后其半身像置于伦敦威斯敏斯特大教堂的诗人角，他是第一个获此殊荣的美国人。

2.Henry Wadsworth Longfellow’s first collection of poems entitled______appeared in1838.【答案】Voices of the Night【解析】亨利·沃兹沃斯·朗费罗（Henry Wadsworth Longfellow，1807—1882），19世纪美国最伟大的浪漫主义诗人之一。

他是新英格兰文化中心剑桥文学界和社交界的重要人物。

1838年出版第一部诗集《夜吟》（Voices of the Night）。

3.The most scholarly of Henry Wadsworth Longfellow’s writings is his translationof Dante’s_____.【答案】Divine Comedy【解析】1861年亨利·沃兹沃斯·朗费罗的夫人不幸被火烧伤致死，这一直使他无比悲痛，为了摆脱精神上的重负，他投身于但丁的《神曲》（Divine Comedy）的翻译。

4.Life is real!Life is earnest!And the grave is not its goalDust thou art,to dust returnest was not spoken of the soul.These lines are taken from a poem entitled______.（天津外国语2013研）【答案】“A Psalm of Life”【解析】该选段选自朗费罗的《人生礼赞》。

陶洁《美国文学选读》笔记和课后习题(含考研真题)详解(亨利詹姆斯)【圣才出品】

第9单元亨利•詹姆斯9.1 复习笔记I. Introduction to author（作者简介）1. Life（生平）Henry James (1843—1916), born into a very rich and well-bred family in New York, was an outstanding realistic novelist. When he was young, he traveld a lot with his father to European countries. His parents didn’t pay attention to formal education in school but invited personal tutors to teach him and his brother and sister with European countries’ languages and culture. When he was 19 years old, he entered Law School of Harvard, however, he quit law study when he began to be attracted by literature because of the effect of Howells and others on him.He is primarily known for the series of novels in which he portrays the encounter of Americans with Europe and Europeans.亨利·詹姆斯(1843—1916)斯出生于纽约市的一个富裕而又有教养的家庭，是一位出色的现实主义小说家。

年小时候的他，经常跟随父亲周游欧洲。

陶洁《美国文学选读》课后习题详解(田纳西威廉斯)【圣才出品】

第20单元田纳西•威廉斯1. What does the title of the play stand for?Key: The title of the play stands for the characters’ strong desires for wealth, passion, love and vanity, especially of Blanche and Stanley. At the beginning of the play, Blanche took the streetcar named Desire to her sister’s home, which suggests that she was on the way to destruction and death with her strong desires. The title foreshadows the tragic ending of the characters.2. What is Stanley and Stella’s neighborhood like?Key: They live in a two-story building on a street in New Orleans which runs between the L&N tracks and the river. This place is poor but has a raffish charm. The houses are mostly white frame, weathered grey, with rickety outside stairs and galleries and quaintly ornamented gables.3. What is Belle Reve?Key: Belle Reve is the plantation on which Blanche’s family used to live. But, finally it declines and is sold to others by Blanche.4. What does Stanley know about Blanche’s past?Key: Stanley knows that Blanche lied to Mitch that she was pure, but in fact, she isnot. She once stayed in Flamingo after she left Belle Reve, and she was chucked out from it because of her disrepute. She was very flighty and did not take love and relationships seriously. She had an affair with her student and was fired by the school.。

陶洁《美国文学选读》课后习题详解【圣才出品】

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