小学毕业小升初英语语法汇总以及练习
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小学英语基础词法
一、 冠词
( )schoolbag ( )eraser
( )ship
( )elephant
( )earth
play ( )piano
( )first one
( )donkey
( )eggplant
二、名词
名词的数
可数名词的不规则变化:
foot-feet,tooth-teeth,man-men,woman-women,mouse-mice,deer-deer,sheep-sheep,fish-fish,child-children
不可数名词没有词形的变化,可以用“数词或冠词+量词+of+不可数名词来表示
A glass of water,two cups of tea
看图写句子
I have()and (). She has()and (). They have().
There are ()and(). The tree has many (). There are ()on the farm.
名词所有格
’s所有格在英语中是构成名词所有关系最常用的形式,主要用于表示人、国家和动物的词。
(sarah的父母)work in a big hospital. This is (我妹妹的语文书). Today is (教师节).
三、代词
代词是指代替人或事物的词。
人称代词用法:
1.做主语时用主格
如:I am a student.
You are a good boy.
It is very big.
2.做宾语时用宾格
如:She is a nice girl. We all like her.
填空
1.Bob and I are good friends. ()go to school together.(我们)
2.()am a teacher. And all the students like(). (我)
3.Can ()(你)tell ()(我)your name?
4.()often plays basketball after school. I often watch ().(他)
物主代词
物主代词是人称代词的属格形式,表示所有关系。
填空
1.()(我们的)classroom is small, ()(你们的)is big.
2.()(我的)book is blue, ()(你的)is red.
3.Can you show ()(我)your new computer?
4.This is my book. ()(你的)is over there.
5.I saw ()(她)in the supermarket yesterday.
反身代词
填空
1.I can make cake by().(我自己)
2.Enjoy ()(玩的开心!)
指示代词
汉译英
1.那只狗
2.这个男孩
3.那些学生
4.这些苹果
5.这些书是我的。
四、形容词
用来描述和修饰名词或代词的一类词,用来说明人或事物的性质和特征,放在名词之前。
如:
中译英
1.绿色的草地
2.红色的苹果
3.一本有趣的故事书
4.我是一个又高又瘦的男孩。
5.他们都是好学生。
形容词的比较级
英语中的形容词常有三种形式来表达事物的等级差别,分别是原级、比较级、最高级。
不规则变化
good/well-better, bad-worse, little-less, much/many-more, far-farther/further
五、介词
1.表示时间的介词
at表示在具体时间点,常用于表达钟点、夜里、正午等词组中。
如:
in用于表示
如:
on用于表示确定
如:
after表示在…之后
如: I will call you after 4:30. before表示在…之前
如: Say goodbye before you go.
2.表示地点和方位的介词
六、数词
1.
2.
1.我有五个苹果。
2.他是班级第二名。
3.Mike有35本书。
4.Marry 是第57个。
5.他们有98个足球。
七、其他
1.be动词
am、is、are/was、were
2.助动词
do/does/did
3.情态动词
can/could、may、must、should、will
填空:
1.I a Chinese.
2.They my friends.
3.you like this toy?
4.he go to school by bus?
5.My parents play the
piano.
八、动词的时态
一般现在时
1.表示经常发生或反复发生的动作,这种用法经常与often, usually, always, sometimes, every day, never等时间状语连用。
She usually gets up at 6:30.
I often go to school on foot.
I play football after school every afternoon.
2.表示现在的情况或状态
I enjoy playing football.
Does Molly live here?
She speaks Spanish.
3.表示客观真理
The sun rises in the east and sets in the wast.
The earth travels around the sun.
1.月亮绕着地球转。
2.Marry说英语。
3.他们经常打篮球。
4.我的老师有时候走路来学校。
5.我从来不去医院。
一般过去时
表示过去某一段时间发生的动作或存在的状态,通常与表示过去的时间状语连用,如:two days ago, yesterday, just, now, last night, last year, in 2016.
一般过去时的构成:
陈述句:主语+be(was/were)(+not)+其他.
疑问句:Be(was/were)+主语+其他? Did+主语+动词原形+其他?
I met Mike last year.
She came to see you yesterday.
They went to Shanghai last weekend.
Did you go to Beijing last summer holiday?
用所给词的适当形式填空:
1.There a tree in front of the house last year.(be动词)
2.Her mother to hospital last month.(go)
3.The boy an old man yesterday.(help)
4.My mother in the factory.(work)
5.Mike’s sister last night.(cry)
一般将来时
表示将要发生的动作,常用的时间状语有:in two days, tomorrow, in the future, this afternoon/morning, next week/month/year等。
一般将来时的构成:
陈述句:主语+will/shall/be(not)going to+动词原形.
一般疑问句:Will/shall+主语+动词原形?Be+主语+going to +动词原形?
We will have a brithday party tomorrow.
They are going to see a film this afternoon.
I will go to America next Friday.
填空
1.My brother (go)to Shanghai next week.
2.Marry (fly)kites in the park this weekend.
3.Lily and I (play)the guitar next Friday.
4.Nancy is going to go camping.(改为一般疑问句)
5.I am going to New York next year.(改为同义句)
6.My parents are going to visit my grandparents next weekend.(对划线部分提问)
7.My parents are going to visit my grandparents next weekend.(对划线部分提问)
8.My parents are going to visit my grandparents next weekend.(对划线部分提问)
现在进行时
表示现在或当前一段时间内正在进行或存在的状态, 通常与:now, listen, at the moment连用现在进行时的构成:
陈述句:主语+be(am/is/are)+(not)+动词的现在分词
疑问句:Be(is/are)+主语+动词现在分词?
I am reading a book.
My father is cooking.
Is she telling a story to students?
What are you doing now?
用所给词的适当形式填空
1.Look! The boy (read)book.
2.The girls (have)breakfast now.
3.Tom (play)football on the playground at the moment.
4.Listen! They (sing)in the music room.
5.她正在睡觉。
(中译英)
6.She is dancing in the gym.(改为否定句,改为一般疑问句,并做否定回答)
7.The teacher is running on the street.(对划线部分提问)
小学英语基础句型一、陈述句
陈述事实的句子
对划线部分提问
This car is red. She goes to school by subway. These flowers are my grandmother’s.
四、其他句型
1. There ()some books and a pen on the desk.
A. are
B. is
C. has
D. have
2. There are ()many flowers in the park.
A. no
B. not
C. any
D. few
3.()there any boys in the room?
A. Is
B. Are
C. is
D. are
4. There are some flowers and a bag on the table.(改为一般疑问句)
5. There is a doctor in the office. (对划线部分提问)
6. 房间里有一张桌子、两把椅子和三个孩子。
(中译英)
have 和has 的用法
sb.have/has sb./sth.
某人拥有某人/物
sth. have/has sth.
某物拥有某物
强调所属、拥有关系。
如:I have a book.
My sister a big house.
The table has four legs.
We some toys.
Their parents four children. 感叹句
感叹句句型结构:
How+形容词+主语+谓语!
What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数
What +形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词
祈使句
连线
No swimming! No calling! No speaking!
No photo! Caution wet
floor!
No walking!
No parking! No smoking! No fire!。