高考英语语法专题突破(全解析)课件：专题8 定语从句

5．China Today attracts a worldwide readership，
which shows that more and more people all over the world ________ want to learn about China.
解析：句意：《今日中国》吸引了全世界的读者，这 表明世界上越来越多的人想了解中国。本句中，逗号后的 句子是非限制性定语从句，关系词在句中作主语，指代整 个主句内容，故用which来引导。
who has taken 2.(2017· 全国卷Ⅲ，64)But Sarah, ________
part in shows along with top models, wants to prove that she has brains as well as beauty.
解析：本句中，“________ has taken ... top models”是 定语从句，补充说明先行词Sarah，关系词在从句中作主 语，故填关系代词who。
解析：本句中，“________ lived from ... 479 BC”是非 限制性定语从句，补充说明和修饰先行词Confucius，关系 词在从句中作主语，故用关系代词who。
9.(2016· 江苏高考，23)Many young people, most of
whom were well________ educated, headed for remote regions to chase their dreams.
语法突破
专题八 定语从句
1.(2017· 全国卷Ⅰ，70)Like anything, it is possible to which is not good for the health. have too much of both, ________
解析：句意：很可能摄入过多(脂肪和盐)，那对健康 没有好处。分析句子结构可知，“________ is not good for the health”为非限制性定语从句，补充说明主句内容，关 系词在从句中作主语。故填关系代词which。
Ⅱ.单句改错 1．Around me in the picture are the things they were very important in my life at that time, car magazines and musical instruments. they→that/which _____________________________________________
二、关系代词that与which, which与as的用法区别
三、“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句中的注意事 项
四、定语从句的其他事项
Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．Until now, we have raised 50,000 pounds for the poor
which is quite unexpected. children，________
whose children often 3．I live next door to a couple ________
make a lot of noise.
解析：句意：我住在一对夫妇的隔壁，他们的孩子经 常弄出很大的噪音。先行词为a couple，由句意可知 children与couple之间为所属关系，故用关系代词whose。
解析：根据句子结构可知，most of ________引导定语 从句，先行词为Many young people，关系词作介词of的宾 语，故要用whom。
10.(2015· 江苏高考，21)The number of smokers, as ________ is reported, has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.
8．I borrowed the book Sherlock Holmes from the library which my classmates recommended to me. last week，________
解析：先行词为the 物，故用which。 book，关系词在非限制性定语从
解析：本句中，things后面的部分是定语从句，修饰 先行词things，关系词在从句中作主语，故需将they改为关 系代词that或which。
2．In their spare time, they are interested in planting vegetables in their garden, that is on the rooftop of their house. that→which _____________________________________________
whose 3.(2017· 天津高考，9，改编)My eldest son, ________
work takes him all over the world, is in New York at the moment.
解析： “________ work ... the world”是定语从句，补 充说明先行词my eldest son，关系词在从句中作定语，故 填whose。
句中作recommend的宾语，所以要用关系代词，先行词是
whose covers are shiny, 9．The books on the desk, ________
are prizes for us.
解析：句意：桌上的书是给我们的奖励，那些书的封 面闪闪发光。先行词为the books，和covers之间是所属关 系，故用whose。
4.(2017· 浙江高考，64)Pahlsson and her husband now think the ring probably got swept into a pile of kitchen rubbish where it remained until and was spread over the garden, ________ the carrot's leafy top accidentally sprouted (生长) through it.
whose purposes is to World Food Programme, one of ________ relieve worldwide starvation.
解析：定语从句的先行词是the World Food Programme，定语从句表示“世界粮食计划署的目的之一 是……”，whose在定语从句中作定语，修饰purposes。
7.(2016· 全国卷Ⅰ，65)My connection with pandas goes when I back to my days on a TV show in the mid1980s, ________ was the first Western TV reporter.
解析：由句子结构可知“________ I was the ... reporter” 是定语从句，先行词是表示时间的in the mid1980s，从句 中缺少状语，因此填关系副词when。
解析：本句中，“________ it remained ... through it”是 定语从句，补充说明和修饰先行词the garden，关系词在 从句中作状语，表地点，故填关系副词where。
5.(2017· 北京高考，31，改编)The little problems ________________ that/which或省略 we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions.
as it must have done 100 years ago with its winding streets and pretty cottages.
解析：句意：这真是一个令人开心的地方，它看起来 和一百年前一模一样，有着蜿蜒的街道和漂亮的小屋。 which代替先行词place，在定语从句中用作主语，引导非 限制性定语从句。不可用that。
解析：句意：我们在日常生活中遇到的小问题可能就 是伟大发明的灵感。本句中，“________ we meet in our daily lives”是定语从句，修饰先行词the little problems，关 系词在从句中作宾语，故填关系代词that/which或省略。
6.(2017· 江苏高考，28，改编)In 1963 the UN set up the
解析：that不能引导非限制性定语从句，故需将that改 成which。
3．The dishes what I cooked were Mom's favorite. what→which/that或去掉what ____________________________________________
解析：句意：到目前为止我们已经为贫困儿童筹集了 5万英镑，这是我们始料未及的。本句中逗号后是非限制 性定语从句，补充说明主句内容，应由which引导。which 指代整个主句，意为“这；这一点”。
(which/that) 2．We'll reach the sales targets in a month ___________
whose profits from home markets are 6．A company ________
declining may seek opportunities abroad.
解析：句意：国内市场利润正在下滑的公司可以到国 外寻找机会。此处关系代词whose作定语。
which looks the same 7．It is a truly delightful place, ________
which employees feel 4．Creating an atmosphere in ________
part of a team is a big challenge.
解析：句意：创造一种使员工感到自己是团队一部分 的氛围是一大挑战。本句中，“介词in＋关系代词”引导 定语从句，修饰先行词atmosphere，将先行词代入从句中 可知，应填which, 语，表地点。 in which相当于where，在从句中作状
we set at the beginning of the year.
解析：句意：一个月之后我们将完成年初制定的销售 目标。本句中，“________we set ... the year”是定语从句， 修饰先行词targets，关系词在从句中作宾语，故要用关系代 词which/that，也可省略。
解析：句意：据报道，吸烟者的数量在仅仅一年内下 降了17%。as引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，意为“正 如……”，代替整个主句的内容。
一、关系代词和关系副词引导的定语从句 在一个主从复合句中修饰某一个名词、代词或修饰整 个主句的从句叫定语从句，即作定语的句子。定语从句通 常出现在先行词之后，由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引 导。这些关系词的意义和功能比较如下：
8.(2016· 全国卷Ⅲ，67)Some people think that the great
who lived from roughly 551 Chinese scholar Confucius, ________ to 479 BC, influenced the develoLeabharlann ment of chopsticks.
10．He wrote many children's books, nearly half of which were published in the 1990s. ________
解析：句意：他写了很多儿童书，其中接近一半是在 20世纪90年代出版的。从句中缺少主语，此处关系代词代 指前面的books，作介词of的宾语，故填which。